A smart agricultural drone system based on multi-source information fusion monitoring

Abstract

The present invention provides a smart agricultural drone system based on multi-source information fusion monitoring, which relates to the field of agricultural drones and monitoring technology. The system includes a drone, a self-inspection cabin, and a remote ground monitoring station. The drone is equipped with a camera, an insect detector, an information acquisition card, a lidar, a hyperspectral monitor, a smoke detector, a thermal infrared monitor, a temperature and humidity monitor, and a modular pod. The self-inspection cabin is equipped with a photovoltaic storage panel, a visual self-inspector, a radar self-inspector, a temperature self-inspector, a smoke self-inspector, and a cruise locator. The remote ground monitoring station controls the drone's operation, sets its functions, automatically plans its route, and implements image visualization, data visualization, information processing and storage, and timely alarms. The system utilizes multi-source sensing and monitoring technology to improve the comprehensiveness, accuracy, timeliness, and efficiency of farmland disaster information monitoring, while effectively reducing labor costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural drones and monitoring technologies, and in particular provides an intelligent agricultural drone system based on multi-source information fusion monitoring. Background Art

[0002] The intelligent upgrading of agricultural equipment is a powerful tool for promoting agricultural modernization and achieving rural revitalization. In the research and design of smart agricultural drone systems, multi-source information fusion monitoring is key to the development of smart agriculture. Existing technologies allow farmers to intelligently monitor crop growth environments and crop status, but they lack the ability to integrate multi-source information, preventing them from proactively implementing protective measures based on system feedback. Smart agricultural drone systems are designed to monitor multi-source information such as the height, leaf area index, number and type of pests, and activity areas of crops like wheat, corn, and rice. Existing drones, equipped with multiple detectors and sensors, including insect buzzing monitors, within their layered bodies, enable real-time online monitoring of crop lodging, pests, and other issues. However, these systems do not meet the needs of production monitoring. To further enhance the effectiveness of online monitoring, increase crop yields, and achieve agricultural modernization, further improvements to existing drone systems are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to improve the comprehensiveness, accuracy, timeliness and efficiency of farmland disaster information monitoring and effectively reduce labor costs, the present invention provides a smart agricultural drone system based on multi-source information fusion monitoring. The specific technical solution is as follows.

[0004] A smart agricultural drone system based on multi-source information fusion monitoring includes a drone, a self-checking cabin and a remote ground monitoring station. The drone is equipped with a camera, an insect sound monitor, an information acquisition card, a laser radar, a hyperspectral monitor, a smoke monitor, a thermal infrared monitor, a temperature and humidity monitor and a modular pod. The rotor of the drone is driven by a rotor motor. The camera is configured on the top plate of the drone, and the modular pod is configured under the bottom plate. The insect sound monitor, the information acquisition card, the laser radar, the hyperspectral monitor, the smoke monitor, the thermal infrared monitor and the temperature and humidity monitor are configured in the modular pod; the self-checking cabin is equipped with a camera, an insect sound monitor, an information acquisition card, a laser radar, a hyperspectral monitor, a smoke monitor, a thermal infrared monitor and a temperature and humidity monitor. It is equipped with photovoltaic storage panels, visual self-test devices, radar self-test devices, temperature self-test devices, smoke self-test devices and cruise locators. The photovoltaic storage panels are set on the base of the self-test parking cabin. The protective cover is driven by the protective cover rocker arm. The visual self-test devices, radar self-test devices, temperature self-test devices, smoke self-test devices and cruise locators are arranged in the protective cover; the remote ground monitoring station controls the operation, sets functions and plans automatic routes of the UAV. The remote ground monitoring station interacts with the UAV and the self-test parking cabin to transmit signals. The remote ground monitoring station realizes operation screen visualization, data visualization, information processing and storage and timely alarm based on the UAV detection information.

[0005] The drone is provided with a top plate, a middle plate and a bottom plate which are connected in sequence through support columns to form a layered structure, and the pod connecting column connects the modular pod and the drone fuselage; the drone fuselage is equipped with an upper support column and a lower support column, and the upper support column and the lower support column cooperate to pass through the drone fuselage.

[0006] The camera is connected to a signal antenna, which is configured on the top plate of the camera. The signal antenna transmits the camera's video information to a remote ground monitoring station.

[0007] The drone adjusts its flight attitude through flight control, performs navigation and positioning autonomously, and performs monitoring tasks.

[0008] The insect monitor collects and analyzes the sounds of birds and insects. The lidar measures crop height, leaf area index, and the number of insect pests. The hyperspectral monitor analyzes the reflectance spectrum characteristics of plants. The smoke monitor monitors agricultural fire smoke and carbon dioxide concentration. The thermal infrared monitor monitors the surface temperature of crops, and the thermal imaging target recognition monitors birds and insects. The temperature and humidity monitor monitors the temperature and humidity of the environment.

[0009] The information acquisition card collects and stores monitoring data from insect monitors, lidars, hyperspectral monitors, smoke monitors, thermal infrared monitors, and temperature and humidity monitors.

[0010] The protection cover rocker arm is connected to the rocker arm motor. The protection cover is installed on the protection cover rocker arm. After the protection cover is rotated, it is buckled on the base. A battery is configured under the base.

[0011] The visual self-inspector checks the damage of the fuselage, the temperature self-inspector checks the temperature of the fuselage, the radar self-inspector checks the entanglement on the surface of the fuselage, the smoke self-inspector warns of spontaneous combustion of the drone, and the cruise locator locates and navigates the drone to land.

[0012] The remote ground monitoring station includes computers, information processing and storage equipment, communication equipment, multi-function alarms, emergency controllers and VR control glasses. The computer displays the UAV's flight status, video images, and sensor monitoring data. The information processing and storage equipment stores and processes the monitoring data. The computer controls the UAV's flight. The communication equipment receives the monitoring data and establishes communication. The multi-function alarm emits sound, light and vibration alarms. The emergency controller and VR control glasses work together to control the UAV's flight from a first-person perspective.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the intelligent agricultural drone system based on multi-source information fusion monitoring provided by the present invention include: the system has diverse functions and can fully realize information monitoring of field crop planting environment and growth status, effectively monitoring pest information, temperature and humidity conditions, crop height, leaf area index, and other information in the crop environment, allowing farmers to take protective measures for crops in advance based on the monitored visual information, better helping farmers increase production; combined with multi-source information fusion processing technology, it can realize intelligent and automated monitoring of crop growth status, bird and insect disasters, drought and flood disasters, high temperature and low temperature disasters, etc. Supplemented by a self-checking parking cabin to complete automated equipment inspection, automatic energy replenishment, severe weather protection and storage, it realizes the operation control, function setting, automatic route planning, image visualization, data visualization, information processing and storage, and timely alarm functions of the agricultural monitoring drone, improving the comprehensiveness, accuracy, timeliness and monitoring efficiency of farmland disaster information monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the smart agriculture drone system;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the drone;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the drone;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the self-inspection parking cabin;

[0018] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a remote ground monitoring station;

[0019] In the figure: 1-UAV body, 101-rotor, 102-rotor cap, 103-rotor motor, 104-rotor arm, 105-top plate, 106-middle plate, 107-bottom plate, 108-flight control, 109-camera side plate, 110-camera top plate, 111-onboard battery, 112-insect detector, 113-information acquisition card, 114-lidar, 115-hyperspectral monitor, 116-smoke detector, 117-thermal infrared monitor, 118-temperature and humidity monitor, 119-pod support column, 120-modular pod, 121-lower support column, 122-upper support column, 123-camera, 124-camera adjustment base, 125-signal antenna, 126-pod connecting column.

[0020] 2-Self-inspection parking cabin, 201-Protective cover, 202-Photovoltaic storage panel, 203-Warning stripes, 204-Base, 205-Protective cover rocker, 206-Rocker motor, 207-Cabin battery, 208-Apron, 209-Visual self-inspection device, 210-Radar self-inspection device, 211-Temperature self-inspection device, 212-Smoke self-inspection device, 213-Cruise locator, 214-Parking positioning ring, 215-Battery self-inspection and charging contacts.

[0021] 3-Remote ground monitoring station, 301-Computer, 302-Information processing and storage equipment, 303-Communication equipment, 304-Multi-function alarm, 305-Emergency controller, 306-VR control glasses. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Combine Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a specific implementation method of a smart agricultural drone system based on multi-source information fusion monitoring provided by the present invention is described.

[0023] A smart agricultural UAV system based on multi-source information fusion monitoring includes a UAV 1, a self-inspection parking cabin 2, and a remote ground monitoring station 3.

[0024] The drone is equipped with a camera 123, an insect detector 112, an information acquisition card 113, a lidar 114, a hyperspectral monitor 115, a smoke detector 116, a thermal infrared monitor 117, a temperature and humidity monitor 118, and a modular pod 120. The drone can be a small quadcopter with a 260mm wheelbase, resulting in a compact and safe overall structure. The drone's rotors 101 are driven by rotor motors 103. Rotor caps 102 can be installed on the drone's rotors 101. These caps provide connection, protection, and additional structural support, ensuring the rotors are securely and safely connected to the motors during operation. The camera 123 can be a high-resolution camera to capture images and video data for weed monitoring, pest monitoring, and crop growth monitoring. The camera 123 is configured on the top plate of the drone, and the modular pod 120 is configured below the bottom plate. The insect sound monitor 112, information acquisition card 113, lidar 114, hyperspectral monitor 115, smoke monitor 116, thermal infrared monitor 117, and temperature and humidity monitor 118 are configured in the modular pod 120. Each monitor collects and analyzes the sounds of birds and insects. The sounds emitted by different agricultural pests have unique characteristics, which can help farmers understand the types, numbers, distribution, and activity patterns of insects in the farmland, promptly detect the risk of pests, take preventive measures in advance, and reduce the impact of pests on the ecological environment and economic crops. In addition, it can fully realize the information monitoring of the field crop planting environment and growth status, effectively monitor the pest information, temperature and humidity conditions, crop height, leaf area index, and other information in the crop environment, and facilitate farmers to take protective measures for crops in advance based on the monitored visual information, thereby better helping farmers increase production.

[0025] The self-inspection parking cabin 2 is equipped with a photovoltaic panel 202, a visual self-inspector 209, a radar self-inspector 210, a temperature self-inspector 211, a smoke self-inspector 212, and a cruise locator 213. The photovoltaic panel 202 is mounted on the base 204 of the self-inspection parking cabin 2. The protective cover is driven by a protective cover rocker 205. The protective cover 201 is windproof, rainproof, and sunproof. The visual self-inspector, radar self-inspector, temperature self-inspector, smoke self-inspector, and cruise locator are located within the protective cover. The cruise locator 213 is used for positioning and navigation, ensuring that the drone can accurately perform its mission during flight. The parking positioning ring 214 and the battery self-inspection and charging contacts 215 are installed on the apron 208 to implement parking positioning and automatic charging functions.

[0026] The remote ground monitoring station 3 performs operation control, function setting, and automatic route planning for the UAV. Signals are transmitted and received between the remote ground monitoring station, the UAV, and the self-inspection parking cabin. The remote ground monitoring station realizes operation screen visualization, data visualization, information processing and storage, and timely alarm based on the UAV detection information.

[0027] The drone 1 is equipped with a top plate 105, a middle plate 106, and a bottom plate 107, which are connected in sequence by support columns to form a layered structure. The fuselage adopts a layered design, with the flight control unit 108 and the power supply unit placed in the center of the fuselage. This layered structure helps to arrange and protect the internal components of the drone and simplifies maintenance and repair costs. The pod connection column connects the modular pod to the drone fuselage. The drone fuselage is equipped with an upper support column 122 and a lower support column 121, which cooperate to pass through the drone fuselage. Various sensors are installed in the pod in a modular form. This design allows farmers to replace or upgrade various sensors. Compared with fixed pods, it is more flexible, multifunctional, and easy to maintain.

[0028] Camera 123 is connected to a signal antenna mounted on the camera's top panel. This antenna transmits the camera's video information to a remote ground monitoring station. High-resolution camera 123 is mounted on a camera adjustment base 124 and is used to capture image and video data for weed monitoring, pest and disease monitoring, and crop growth monitoring. The flight control system of UAV 1 enables attitude control, navigation and positioning, autonomous flight, and mission execution. Specifically, the flight control system adjusts flight attitude, performs navigation and positioning for autonomous flight, and performs monitoring missions.

[0029] Insect detectors 112 collect and analyze bird and insect sounds, while lidar 114 measures parameters such as crop height, leaf area index, and insect population. Because the sounds emitted by different agricultural pests have unique characteristics, insect detectors 112 can help farmers understand the species, number, distribution, and activity patterns of insects in their fields, promptly detect the risk of pests, and take preventive measures to reduce the impact of pests on the ecological environment and cash crops. Hyperspectral monitors 115 analyze the reflectance spectral characteristics of plants to monitor vegetation health and identify diseases and nutritional deficiencies. Smoke detectors 116 monitor agricultural fire smoke and carbon dioxide concentrations. Thermal infrared detectors 117 can operate normally at night or in low light conditions, monitoring crop surface temperature and detecting birds and insects through thermal imaging target recognition. Temperature and humidity monitors 118 monitor ambient temperature and humidity, providing a suitable growth environment for plants by timely adjusting and controlling environmental conditions, increasing greenhouse efficiency and improving productivity.

[0030] The information acquisition card 113 collects and stores monitoring data from the insect monitor 112 , the laser radar 114 , the hyperspectral monitor 115 , the smoke monitor 116 , the thermal infrared monitor 117 , and the temperature and humidity monitor 118 . The information acquisition card collects various sensor data in real time.

[0031] The protective cover's rocker arm 205 is connected to a rocker motor 206. The protective cover 201 is mounted on this arm. The rocker motor drives the rocker arm 205 to swing, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the protective cover. The protective cover 201 rotates and snaps onto the base. A battery 207 is located beneath the base. The parking bay battery 207 is mounted on the base 204. Above the battery 207 is a landing pad 208 for parking the drone. Warning stripes 203 are affixed around the base 204 to provide a warning. A visual self-test device 209, a radar self-test device 210, a temperature self-test device 211, a smoke self-test device 212, and a cruise locator 213 are all mounted within the protective cover 201. Visual self-test 209 inspects the fuselage for physical damage; radar self-test 210 checks for damage and debris; temperature self-test 211 checks for overload and overheating of the drone system; smoke self-test 212 checks for fire and spontaneous combustion; and cruise positioner 213 is used for positioning and navigation, ensuring the drone can accurately execute its mission during flight. A parking locator ring 214 and battery self-test and charging contacts 215 are installed on the apron 208 to implement parking positioning and automatic charging functions.

[0032] Remote ground monitoring station 3 includes a computer 301, information processing and storage equipment 302, communications equipment 303, a multi-function alarm 304, an emergency controller 305, and VR control glasses 306. Computer 301 can display real-time drone information, including flight status, video images, and sensor data. It can also program drone navigation and operate and control the drone. Information processing and storage center 302 is used for intelligent multi-source information fusion processing, monitoring data analysis, and data storage and backup. Communications equipment 303 is an information receiver used to establish stable communication with the drone, ensuring reliable control and data transmission. Multi-function alarm 304 is used to issue alarm signals such as lights, horns, and vibrations. Emergency controller 305 and VR control glasses 306 allow first-person perspective control of the drone in emergency situations.

[0033] The system's diverse functions enable comprehensive monitoring of the field crop planting environment and growth conditions. It effectively monitors pest information, temperature and humidity, crop height, leaf area index, and other environmental information, allowing farmers to proactively implement crop protection measures based on the visual information collected, thereby helping farmers increase production. Combined with multi-source information fusion processing technology, it enables intelligent, automated monitoring of crop growth trends, bird and insect infestations, drought and flooding, and high and low temperature disasters. A self-checking parking bay provides automated equipment inspection, automatic energy replenishment, and weather protection and storage. This system enables operational control, function setting, automatic route planning, image visualization, data visualization, information processing and storage, and timely alarms for agricultural monitoring drones, improving the comprehensiveness, accuracy, timeliness, and efficiency of farmland disaster monitoring.

[0034] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart agricultural drone system based on multi-source information fusion monitoring, characterized by: The system includes a drone, a self-inspection cabin and a remote ground monitoring station. The drone is equipped with a camera, an insect sound detector, an information acquisition card, a laser radar, a hyperspectral monitor, a smoke detector, a thermal infrared monitor, a temperature and humidity monitor and a modular pod. The rotor of the drone is driven by a rotor motor. The camera is arranged on the top plate of the drone, and the modular pod is arranged under the bottom plate. The insect sound detector, the information acquisition card, the laser radar, the hyperspectral monitor, the smoke detector, the thermal infrared monitor and the temperature and humidity monitor are arranged in the modular pod. The self-inspection cabin is equipped with a photovoltaic storage panel, a visual self- The remote ground monitoring station is equipped with a self-testing device, a radar self-testing device, a temperature self-testing device, a smoke self-testing device and a cruise locator. A photovoltaic storage panel is provided on the base of the self-testing parking cabin. The protective cover is driven by a rocker arm of the protective cover. The visual self-testing device, the radar self-testing device, the temperature self-testing device, the smoke self-testing device and the cruise locator are arranged in the protective cover. The remote ground monitoring station controls the operation of the UAV, sets functions and automatically plans routes. Signals are transmitted between the remote ground monitoring station, the UAV and the self-testing parking cabin. The remote ground monitoring station realizes operation screen visualization, data visualization, information processing and storage and timely alarm based on the detection information of the UAV. The drone is provided with a top plate, a middle plate and a bottom plate, which are sequentially connected by support columns to form a layered structure, and the pod connecting column connects the modular pod to the drone fuselage; the drone fuselage is equipped with an upper support column and a lower support column, and the upper support column and the lower support column cooperate to pass through the drone fuselage; The insect monitor collects and analyzes the sounds of birds and insects. The lidar measures crop height, leaf area index, and insect pest count. The hyperspectral monitor analyzes the reflectance spectrum characteristics of plants. The smoke monitor monitors agricultural fire smoke and carbon dioxide concentration. The thermal infrared monitor monitors the surface temperature of crops, and thermal imaging target recognition monitors birds and insects. The temperature and humidity monitor monitors the temperature and humidity of the environment. The protective cover rocker arm is connected to the rocker arm motor, the protective cover is installed on the protective cover rocker arm, and the protective cover is buckled on the base after rotation, and a battery is configured under the base.

2. The smart agricultural drone system based on multi-source information fusion monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The camera is connected to a signal antenna, which is arranged on the top plate of the camera. The signal antenna transmits the video information of the camera to a remote ground monitoring station.

3. The intelligent agricultural UAV system based on multi-source information fusion monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The UAV adjusts its flight attitude through flight control, performs navigation and positioning autonomous flight, and performs monitoring tasks.

4. The smart agricultural drone system based on multi-source information fusion monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The information acquisition card collects and stores monitoring data of the insect monitor, laser radar, hyperspectral monitor, smoke monitor, thermal infrared monitor, and temperature and humidity monitor.

5. The smart agricultural drone system based on multi-source information fusion monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The visual self-inspector checks the damage of the fuselage, the temperature self-inspector checks the temperature of the fuselage, the radar self-inspector checks the entanglement on the surface of the fuselage, the smoke self-inspector warns of spontaneous combustion of the drone, and the cruise locator locates and navigates the drone to land.

6. The smart agricultural drone system based on multi-source information fusion monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The remote ground monitoring station includes a computer, information processing and storage equipment, communication equipment, a multi-function alarm, an emergency controller and VR control glasses. The computer displays the flight status, video images and sensor monitoring data of the drone. The information processing and storage equipment stores and processes the monitoring data. The computer controls the flight of the drone. The communication equipment receives the monitoring data and establishes communication. The multi-function alarm emits sound, light and vibration alarms. The emergency controller and VR control glasses cooperate to control the flight of the drone from a first-person perspective.

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