A TBM construction ventilation system and ventilation method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel ventilation, and specifically relates to a TBM construction ventilation system and ventilation method. It comprises a plurality of first ventilation pipes connected in sequence horizontally, with hanging plates provided at both ends of the first ventilation pipe, the hanging plates being fixedly connected to the top of the tunnel, and the hanging plates suspending the first ventilation pipe above the interior of the tunnel; an air duct is provided in the middle of the upper part of the first ventilation pipe, and the air duct passes through the top of the tunnel and is connected to the outside; the present invention enables the gas containing dust and other substances to be quickly discharged through a longer tunnel for treatment, so as to achieve fast and efficient ventilation, and avoid the problem that the fresh air in the pipeline cannot reach the deep excavation due to the continuous lengthening of the tunnel during the construction process; the present invention can not only conveniently and timely check the use of the filter plate, but also quickly replace the filter plate, so as to comprehensively prevent the filter plate from being blocked and affecting the ventilation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel ventilation, and in particular relates to a TBM construction ventilation system and a ventilation method. Background Art

[0002] TBMs are used in subways, traffic tunnels, water conservancy projects, pipeline construction and other projects. The working principle of TBMs is to dig a circular tunnel underground, and use reinforced concrete or other materials to reinforce the tunnel wall to ensure the stability and safety of the structure. During the TBM construction process, tunnel ventilation is required. The harmful gases, smoke and fumes that may exist in the tunnel pose a potential threat to personnel health. The ventilation system can timely remove these harmful substances to ensure the safety and health of passengers, staff and other users in the tunnel. For people who need to work in the tunnel, such as maintenance personnel, construction personnel, etc., the ventilation system provides a comfortable working environment and improves work efficiency and safety.

[0003] Chinese patent application number 202310389837.9 discloses a tunnel ventilation control system, which relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation control, including a tunnel ground and a tunnel fixedly arranged on the top of the tunnel ground, a connecting frame fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the tunnel, a ventilation pipe fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting frame, a plurality of ventilation openings provided at the bottom of the ventilation pipe, a first air intake pipe fixedly installed on the pipe of the ventilation pipe, a solenoid valve fixedly installed on the pipe of the first air intake pipe, an oxygen generator fixedly connected to the top of the first air intake pipe, a connecting rod fixedly installed on the pipe of the ventilation pipe, a wind direction and anemometer fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting rod, a dust collection box fixedly connected to the right end of the ventilation pipe, by providing the dust collection box, the air inside the tunnel can be drawn into the dust collection box, the dust collection box collects the dust inside the tunnel, so that the dust inside the tunnel is not easy to flow to the outside, thereby avoiding pollution of the outside air.

[0004] During tunnel construction, as excavation progresses, the tunnel becomes longer and longer. At this time, it is difficult for the ventilation system to deliver fresh air to the deep excavation depth in time. At the same time, gas treatment also becomes difficult, resulting in poor air quality deep in the tunnel. In addition, for some ventilation systems that use filtering devices, after a period of use, the filtering devices will become blocked, causing a decrease in wind force, affecting ventilation. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to address the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a TBM construction ventilation system and a ventilation method. The present invention enables gases containing dust and other substances to be quickly discharged through a longer tunnel for treatment, thereby achieving rapid and efficient ventilation and avoiding the problem that the fresh air in the pipeline cannot reach the deep excavation depth due to the continuous lengthening of the tunnel during the construction process. The present invention can not only conveniently and timely check the use of the filter plate, but also quickly replace the filter plate, thereby comprehensively preventing the filter plate from being blocked and affecting ventilation.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A TBM construction ventilation system comprises a plurality of first ventilation pipes which are horizontally connected in sequence, wherein two ends of the first ventilation pipes are provided with hanging plates, the hanging plates are fixedly connected to the top of the tunnel, and the hanging plates suspend the first ventilation pipes above the interior of the tunnel;

[0008] An air duct is provided in the middle of the upper part of the first ventilation pipe, and the air duct passes through the top of the tunnel and is connected to the outside; a wind direction regulating device is installed at the connection between the first ventilation pipe and the air duct, which is used to selectively close the first ventilation pipe or the air duct; a reversing fan is installed in the first ventilation pipe and close to the excavation direction, and an air outlet is opened at the bottom of the first ventilation pipe, between the excavation direction side of the air outlet and the reversing fan; a one-way valve is installed on the air outlet, and the one-way valve only allows the gas from the first ventilation pipe to enter the tunnel; a filtering device is installed in the first ventilation pipe and away from the excavation direction;

[0009] When the wind direction regulating device closes the air duct, the reversing fan draws out the gas on the excavation direction side; when the wind direction regulating device closes the first ventilation pipe, the reversing fan draws the gas outside the air duct into the first ventilation pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the wind direction adjustment device includes a rotating shaft, which is installed in the first ventilation duct, and the support shafts at both ends of the rotating shaft pass through the first ventilation duct and are rotatably connected to the side wall of the first ventilation duct, the support shaft at one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the first gear, and the first gear is located outside the first ventilation duct; a stepper motor is provided on the outside of the first ventilation duct, and the stepper motor is installed on the side wall of the first ventilation duct through a bracket; the output shaft of the stepper motor is fixedly connected to the second gear, and the second gear is meshed with the first gear; a sealing plate is fixedly provided on the rotating shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, a mounting groove is provided through the middle of the filter device, the notch of the mounting groove faces the excavation direction, and a filter plate is inserted into the mounting groove;

[0012] A first socket is provided on one side wall of the first ventilation duct, and first slots are provided at the top and bottom of the first ventilation duct where the first socket is located. The upper and lower ends of the filter device are movably connected with the corresponding first slots; a handle is provided on one side of the filter device.

[0013] Furthermore, a vertical first straight slot is provided on one side wall of the first ventilation pipe, and an inner side wall of the first straight slot is also provided with an inner slot; a screw rod is fixedly connected to the side of the filter device away from the handle, and the screw rod passes through the first straight slot; a switching device is installed on the side wall of the first ventilation pipe close to the first straight slot, and the switching device includes a switching box, an opening of the switching box is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first ventilation pipe, and the first straight slot is located in the switching box; a second straight slot is provided on the side of the switching box away from the first ventilation pipe, and an inner side wall of the second straight slot is also provided with an inner slot; a gear shaft is provided in the switching box, and both ends of the gear shaft are provided with limiting rings, and the limiting rings at both ends are respectively located in the inner slots of the first straight slot and the second straight slot and are slidably connected to the corresponding inner slots; a third gear is fixedly provided on the gear shaft, and a toothed plate slot is penetrated through the upper side of the switching box, and a toothed plate is slidably connected to the toothed plate slot; the toothed plate is meshed with the first gear and the third gear respectively;

[0014] The interior of the gear shaft is a hollow structure and is provided with threads, and the lead screw is connected to the internal threads of the gear shaft.

[0015] Furthermore, two support rods are slidably connected to the bottom of the switching box, and the support rods located outside the switching box are commonly fixedly connected with a handle; the ends of the support rods located inside the switching box are fixedly connected with a support groove, and a pressure spring is sleeved on the support rods located inside the switching box, and the two ends of the pressure spring are respectively fixedly connected to the switching box and the support groove; the support groove is located below the gear shaft and abuts against the gear shaft to limit the position.

[0016] Furthermore, a filter pipe is provided outside the tunnel, and the filter pipe is connected to the tunnel through a hanging plate; the end of the filter pipe away from the excavation direction is connected to the filter water tank, and the end of the filter pipe close to the excavation direction is connected to the first ventilation pipe closest to the tunnel.

[0017] Furthermore, multiple air outlets are symmetrically provided on both sides of the filter pipe, the filter water tank is provided with two water tank bodies, and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tunnel, and multiple air inlet pipes are connected to the water tank body; one end of the air inlet pipe extends into the water body in the water tank body, and the other end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the corresponding air outlet; the top of the water tank body is also connected to an exhaust pipe.

[0018] Furthermore, a first receiving plate is provided at the edge of the port of the first ventilation pipe, a plurality of screw holes are opened on the first receiving plate, and the ports of adjacent first ventilation pipes are fixedly connected by bolts installed on the first receiving plate; a second receiving plate is provided at the edge of the port of the air duct, a plurality of screw holes are opened on the second receiving plate, and the port of the air duct is fixedly connected with the external pipe through the second receiving plate.

[0019] Furthermore, a second socket is opened on one side wall of the first ventilation duct, and second slots are provided at the upper and lower parts of the first ventilation duct where the second socket is located, and the upper and lower ends of the reversing fan are movably connected with the corresponding second slots; a handle is provided on one side of the reversing fan.

[0020] A ventilation method using a TBM construction ventilation system comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1. At the beginning of TBM excavation, first install the filter pipe and filter water tank. After excavating a certain distance, construct an air circulation channel on the top of the tunnel, and then install the first ventilation pipe and the air duct, so that the first ventilation pipe is connected to the filter water tank, and the air duct is connected to the outside;

[0022] S2, the air duct is closed by controlling the sealing plate through the stepper motor, and the reversing fan is turned on at this time, so that the reversing fan draws the gas on one side of the excavation direction outward, passes through the filter device for primary filtration, and the gas after the primary filtration passes through the filter pipe into the filter water tank for secondary filtration, and the gas after the secondary filtration is discharged through the exhaust pipe; then the sealing plate is controlled by the stepper motor to close the first ventilation pipe, and the reversing fan is reversed at this time, so that the reversing fan draws the gas outside the air duct into the first ventilation pipe, and fresh air is introduced in the excavation direction;

[0023] S3, after the TBM excavates a certain depth, an air circulation channel is constructed again at the top of the tunnel near the excavation direction, and then a new first ventilation pipe and an air duct are installed, so that the new first ventilation pipe is connected to the old first ventilation pipe, and the new air duct is connected to the outside; at this time, step S2 is repeated to achieve rapid ventilation at the excavation site, and at the same time, the old first ventilation pipe can also be ventilated through the corresponding air outlet;

[0024] S4. When the stepper motor controls the sealing plate to close the first ventilation duct, the first gear will drive the tooth plate to move horizontally, so that the tooth plate drives the third gear and the gear shaft to rotate. At this time, since the gear shaft is internally threaded with the screw rod, the rotation of the gear shaft will drive the screw rod to move horizontally, so that the filter device slides out of the first socket along the first slot for a distance, which is convenient for the staff to check the use of the filter plate; when the filter plate accumulates too much dust and affects the ventilation, pull the handle downward, and the third gear will disengage from the tooth plate groove. The filter device can be pulled outward by the handle to make the filter device leave the first ventilation duct, thereby facilitating the replacement of the filter plate.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The present invention can exhaust air in the tunnel excavation direction and extract dust and possibly toxic gases out of the tunnel for treatment through the coordination of the wind direction regulating device and the reversing fan. At the same time, it can also inject fresh air from the outside into one side of the excavation direction to achieve ventilation. Through periodic regulation and operation, the tunnel air on the excavation side is ultimately maintained at a normal level to ensure the health of the workers. In addition, the present invention connects and coordinates adjacent first ventilation pipes. When the tunnel is excavated to a deep depth, by continuously adding first ventilation pipes, air ducts and related components, when it is necessary to exhaust air at the excavation depth, the sealing plate in each first ventilation pipe closes the air duct, and the suction force of multiple reversing fans works together to exhaust the air. Air is extracted at the deep excavation depth so that the gas containing dust and other substances can be quickly discharged through the longer tunnel for treatment; when the deep excavation depth needs to be ventilated, each sealing plate will close the corresponding first ventilation pipe, and the reversing fan will reverse. Due to the closure of the sealing plate, the reversing fan closest to the deep excavation depth can directly draw the external air of the nearest air duct into the excavation, thereby realizing fast and efficient ventilation and introducing relatively fresh air, while the reversing fans in the first ventilation ducts of other units draw the air outside the corresponding air duct into the air outlet, so that other positions of the tunnel can also be ventilated quickly and efficiently, avoiding the problem that the fresh air in the pipe cannot reach the deep excavation depth due to the continuous lengthening of the tunnel during the construction process.

[0027] (2) In the present invention, when the sealing plate in the wind direction adjusting device closes the air duct, the system is in an exhaust filtering state, and the filtering device is in the first ventilation duct to perform preliminary filtering on the gas drawn out by the reversing fan, filtering out dust and other substances therein; when the wind direction adjusting device needs to close the first ventilation duct, the stepper motor runs at this time, driving the sealing plate to rotate to close the first ventilation duct. In this process, the movement of the stepper motor drives the first gear to rotate, and the first gear will drive the toothed plate to move horizontally, so that the toothed plate drives the third gear and the gear shaft to rotate. At this time, since the gear shaft is threadedly connected to the screw rod, the rotation of the gear shaft will drive the screw rod to rotate. The rod moves horizontally, so that the filter device slides out of the first socket along the first slot for a distance, which is convenient for the staff to check the use of the filter plate; when the filter plate accumulates too much dust and affects the ventilation, the handle is pulled downwards, and the third gear is disengaged from the tooth plate groove. The filter device can be pulled outward by the handle to make the filter device leave the first ventilation pipe, thereby facilitating the replacement of the filter plate; the present invention cooperates with the wind direction adjustment device and the filter device, and with the assistance of the switching device, it is convenient to check the use of the filter plate in time and quickly replace the filter plate, thereby comprehensively preventing the filter plate from being blocked and affecting ventilation.

[0028] (3) The present invention sets a filter device in each first ventilation duct so that the filter plate can initially filter the gas at the deep excavation depth to filter out dust and other impurities therein, and then pass the gas after the initial filtration through the filter pipe into the filter water tank for secondary filtration. The toxic substances contained in the gas are targetedly absorbed and removed by the water in the filter water tank, thereby comprehensively removing the dirty gas generated during the tunnel excavation process and preventing such gas from leaking and affecting the environment outside the tunnel. At the same time, the present invention connects the side of the filter pipe with the air inlet pipe and sets the water tank body on both sides of the tunnel, which does not affect the construction and operation of the main road of the tunnel, and also allows the extracted gas to be diverted and processed through multiple air inlet pipes, so that the dirty gas can be fully purified, further improving the purification effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of a TBM construction ventilation system of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a TBM construction ventilation system of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a TBM construction ventilation system according to the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a partially dispersed structure of a TBM construction ventilation system according to the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a TBM construction ventilation system according to the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a partially dispersed structure of a TBM construction ventilation system according to the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a switching device of a TBM construction ventilation system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of a wind direction regulating device for a TBM construction ventilation system according to the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a TBM construction ventilation system of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a partially dispersed structure of a TBM construction ventilation system according to the present invention Figure 3 .

[0039] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0040] Tunnel-100; first ventilation pipe-200; air outlet-210; first socket-220; first slot-221; second socket-230; second slot-231; first straight slot-240; first receiving plate-250; hanging plate-260; air duct-300; second receiving plate-310; filter duct-400; air outlet-410; filter water tank-500; water tank body-510; air inlet pipe-520; exhaust pipe-530; wind direction adjustment device-600; stepping motor-610; second gear -620; first gear-630; rotating shaft-640; supporting shaft-641; sealing plate-642; bracket-650; switching device-700; switching box-710; tooth plate groove-711; second straight groove-720; tooth plate-730; third gear-740; gear shaft-750; limiting ring-751; supporting groove-760; supporting rod-770; pressure spring-780; handle-790; reversing fan-800; filtering device-900; mounting groove-910; screw rod-920; filter plate-930. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. Of course, the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0042] Although the steps in the present invention are arranged with numbers, they are not used to limit the order of the steps. Unless the order of the steps is clearly stated or the execution of a certain step requires other steps as a basis, the relative order of the steps can be adjusted. It is understood that the term "and / or" used in this article involves and covers any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0043] Example

[0044] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a TBM construction ventilation system includes a plurality of first ventilation pipes 200 that are horizontally connected in sequence, and a hanging plate 260 is provided at both ends of the first ventilation pipe 200. The hanging plate 260 is fixedly connected to the top of the tunnel 100, and the hanging plate 260 suspends the first ventilation pipe 200 above the interior of the tunnel 100;

[0045] An air duct 300 is provided in the middle of the upper part of the first ventilation pipe 200, and the air duct 300 passes through the top of the tunnel 100 and is connected to the outside; a wind direction regulating device 600 is installed at the connection between the first ventilation pipe 200 and the air duct 300, which is used to selectively close the first ventilation pipe 200 or the air duct 300; a reversing fan 800 is installed in the first ventilation pipe 200 and close to the excavation direction, and an air outlet 210 is opened at the bottom of the first ventilation pipe 200, between the excavation direction side of the air outlet 210 and the reversing fan 800; a one-way valve is installed on the air outlet 210, and the one-way valve only allows the gas in the first ventilation pipe 200 to enter the tunnel 100; a filtering device 900 is installed in the first ventilation pipe 200 and away from the excavation direction;

[0046] It is worth noting that the reversing fan 800 can change the positive and negative wind directions of the fan, which is a prior art and will not be described in detail here. The reversing fan 800 and the wind direction adjustment device 600 are both powered by an external power supply.

[0047] When the wind direction adjusting device 600 closes the air duct 300, the reversing fan 800 draws the gas on the excavation direction side outward; when the wind direction adjusting device 600 closes the first ventilation pipe 200, the reversing fan 800 draws the gas outside the air duct 300 into the first ventilation pipe 200. The wind direction adjusting device 600 and the reversing fan 800 can be operated periodically by a PLC control system, and the specific structure of the wind direction adjusting device 600 is further described below.

[0048] The present invention, through the cooperation of the wind direction regulating device 600 and the reversing fan 800, can not only exhaust air in the tunnel excavation direction, extract dust and possibly toxic gases out of the tunnel for treatment, but also inject external fresh air into one side of the excavation direction to achieve ventilation. Through periodic adjustment operation, the tunnel air on the excavation side can eventually maintain a normal level to ensure the health of the workers.

[0049] Further, the wind direction adjustment device 600 includes a rotating shaft 640, which is installed in the first ventilation pipe 200, and the support shafts 641 at both ends of the rotating shaft 640 pass through the first ventilation pipe 200 and are rotatably connected to the side wall of the first ventilation pipe 200, and the support shaft 641 at one end of the rotating shaft 640 is fixedly connected with a first gear 630, and the first gear 630 is located outside the first ventilation pipe 200; a stepper motor 610 is provided outside the first ventilation pipe 200, and the stepper motor 610 is installed on the side wall of the first ventilation pipe 200 through a bracket 650; the output shaft of the stepper motor 610 is fixedly connected with a second gear 620, and the second gear 620 is meshed with the first gear 630; and a sealing plate 642 is fixedly provided on the rotating shaft 640. The stepper motor 610 can control the rotation angle, thereby controlling the sealing plate 642 to achieve corresponding closure.

[0050] The present invention connects and cooperates with adjacent first ventilation pipes 200. When the tunnel is excavated to a deep depth, the first ventilation pipes 200, the air ducts 300 and related components are continuously added. When it is necessary to exhaust air at the deep excavation, the sealing plate 642 in each first ventilation pipe 200 closes the air duct 300, and the exhaust force of multiple reversing fans 800 is used to exhaust air at the deep excavation, so that the gas containing dust and other substances can be quickly discharged through the longer tunnel 100 for treatment; when it is necessary to ventilate the deep excavation, each sealing plate 642 will be corresponding to the corresponding sealing plate 642. The first ventilation duct 200 is closed, and the reversing fan 800 is reversed. Due to the closure of the sealing plate 642, the reversing fan 800 closest to the excavation depth can directly draw the external air of the nearest air duct 300 into the excavation, thereby realizing fast and efficient ventilation and introducing relatively fresh air. The reversing fans 800 in the first ventilation ducts 200 of other units draw the air outside the corresponding air duct 300 into the air outlet 210, so that other positions of the tunnel 100 can also be ventilated quickly and efficiently, avoiding the problem that the fresh air in the pipeline cannot reach the deep excavation due to the continuous lengthening of the tunnel during the construction process.

[0051] Furthermore, an installation groove 910 is opened through the middle of the filter device 900, and the notch of the installation groove 910 faces the excavation direction. A filter plate 930 is inserted into the installation groove 910; the notch direction of the installation groove 910 facilitates the replacement of the filter plate 930, and the filter plate 930 will not fall off easily.

[0052] A first socket 220 is provided on one side wall of the first ventilation duct 200, and first slots 221 are provided at the upper and lower parts of the first ventilation duct 200 where the first socket 220 is located. The upper and lower ends of the filter device 900 are movably connected with the corresponding first slots 221; a handle is provided on one side of the filter device 900.

[0053] Furthermore, a first vertical straight slot 240 is provided on one side wall of the first ventilation pipe 200, and an inner slot is also provided on the inner side wall of the first straight slot 240; a screw rod 920 is fixedly connected to the side of the filter device 900 away from the handle, and the screw rod 920 passes through the first straight slot 240; a switching device 700 is installed on the side wall of the first ventilation pipe 200 close to the first straight slot 240, and the switching device 700 includes a switching box 710, and the opening of the switching box 710 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first ventilation pipe 200, and the first straight slot 240 is located in the switching box 710; a second straight slot 720 is provided on the side of the switching box 710 away from the first ventilation pipe 200, and the inner side of the second straight slot 720 The wall is also provided with an inner groove; a gear shaft 750 is provided in the switching box body 710, and limit rings 751 are provided at both ends of the gear shaft 750, and the limit rings 751 at both ends are respectively located in the inner grooves of the first straight slot 240 and the second straight slot 720 and are slidably connected with the corresponding inner grooves; the gear shaft 750 is fixed with a third gear 740, and a tooth plate groove 711 is penetrated through the upper side of the switching box body 710, and a tooth plate 730 is slidably connected to the tooth plate groove 711; the tooth plate 730 is meshed with the first gear 630 and the third gear 740 respectively; the gear shaft 750 can slide up and down in the first straight slot 240 and the second straight slot 720, and can also rotate in the inner grooves of the first straight slot 240 and the second straight slot 720 through the limit ring 751.

[0054] The interior of the gear shaft 750 is a hollow structure and is provided with threads, and the screw rod 920 is connected with the internal threads of the gear shaft 750. Through the threaded connection, when the gear shaft 750 rotates, the screw rod 920 will move laterally.

[0055] Furthermore, two support rods 770 are slidably connected to the bottom of the switching box 710. The support rods 770 located outside the switching box 710 are fixedly connected to a handle 790. The end of the support rod 770 located inside the switching box 710 is fixedly connected to a support groove 760. A pressure spring 780 is sleeved on the support rod 770 located inside the switching box 710. The two ends of the pressure spring 780 are respectively fixedly connected to the switching box 710 and the support groove 760. The support groove 760 is located below the gear shaft 750 to abut against the gear shaft 750. When the handle 790 is not pulled, under the action of the pressure spring 780, the support groove 760 abuts against the gear shaft 750 to limit the position, so that the third gear 740 can always maintain a meshing state with the toothed plate 730.

[0056] In the present invention, when the sealing plate 642 in the wind direction adjustment device 600 closes the air duct 300, the system is in an exhaust filtering state, and the filtering device 900 is in the first ventilation pipe 200 to perform preliminary filtering on the gas drawn out by the reversing fan 800, filtering out dust and other substances therein; when the wind direction adjustment device 600 needs to close the first ventilation pipe 200, the stepper motor 610 is running at this time, driving the sealing plate 642 to rotate to close the first ventilation pipe 200. In this process, the movement of the stepper motor drives the first gear 630 to rotate, and the first gear 630 will drive the tooth plate 730 to move horizontally, so that the tooth plate 730 drives the third gear 740 and the gear shaft 750 to rotate. At this time, since the gear shaft 750 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 920, the rotation of the gear shaft 750 will drive the screw rod 920 to rotate. The rod 920 moves laterally, so that the filter device 900 slides out of the first socket 220 along the first slot 221 for a distance, which is convenient for the staff to check the use of the filter plate 930; when the filter plate 930 accumulates too much dust and affects the ventilation, the handle 790 is pulled downward, and the third gear 740 is disengaged from the tooth plate groove 711. The filter device 900 can be pulled outward by the handle to make the filter device 900 leave the first ventilation duct 200, thereby facilitating the replacement of the filter plate 930; the present invention, through the cooperation of the wind direction adjustment device 600 and the filter device 900, and with the assistance of the switching device 700, can not only conveniently and timely check the use of the filter plate 930, but also quickly replace the filter plate 930, thereby comprehensively preventing the filter plate 930 from being blocked and affecting ventilation.

[0057] Furthermore, a filter pipe 400 is provided outside the tunnel 100, and the filter pipe 400 is connected to the tunnel 100 through a hanging plate 260; the end of the filter pipe 400 away from the excavation direction is connected to the filter water tank 500, and the end of the filter pipe 400 close to the excavation direction is connected to the first ventilation pipe 200 which is closest.

[0058] Furthermore, a plurality of air outlets 410 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the filter pipe 400, the filter water tank 500 is provided with two water tank bodies 510, and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tunnel 100, and a plurality of air inlet pipes 520 are connected to the water tank body 510; one end of the air inlet pipe 520 extends into the water body in the water tank body 510, and the other end of the air inlet pipe 520 is connected to the corresponding air outlet 410; and an exhaust pipe 530 is also connected to the top of the water tank body 510.

[0059] It is worth noting that the water tank body 510 can contain corresponding treatment liquid, which can specifically remove harmful components in the gas. It can be selected according to actual conditions and will not be described in detail here.

[0060] The present invention sets a filter device 900 in each first ventilation pipe 200, so that the filter plate 930 can initially filter the gas at the deep excavation depth, filter out impurities such as dust, and then pass the gas after the initial filtration through the filter pipe 400 into the filter water tank 500 for secondary filtration, and the toxic substances contained in the gas are targetedly absorbed and removed by the water body inside the filter water tank 500, so as to comprehensively remove the dirty gas generated during the tunnel excavation process in depth, and prevent such gas from leaking and affecting the environment outside the tunnel; at the same time, the present invention connects the side of the filter pipe 400 with the air inlet pipe 520, and sets the water tank body 510 on both sides of the tunnel 100, which does not affect the construction and operation of the main road of the tunnel 100, and also allows the extracted gas to be diverted and processed through multiple air inlet pipes 520, so that the dirty gas can be fully purified, further improving the purification effect.

[0061] Furthermore, the edge of the port of the first ventilation pipe 200 is provided with a first receiving plate 250, and a plurality of screw holes are provided on the first receiving plate 250, and the ports of adjacent first ventilation pipes 200 are fixedly connected by bolts installed on the first receiving plate 250; the edge of the port of the air duct 300 is provided with a second receiving plate 310, and a plurality of screw holes are provided on the second receiving plate 310, and the port of the air duct 300 is fixedly connected with the external pipe through the second receiving plate 310. The receiving plate facilitates the connection between the corresponding pipes.

[0062] Furthermore, a second socket 230 is provided on one side wall of the first ventilation duct 200, and second slots 231 are provided at the upper and lower parts of the first ventilation duct 200 where the second socket 230 is located, and the upper and lower ends of the reversing fan 800 are movably plugged into the corresponding second slots 231; a handle is provided on one side of the reversing fan 800. By pulling the handle, the reversing fan 800 can slide out along the second slot 231, which can facilitate the installation, maintenance and replacement of the reversing fan 800.

[0063] A ventilation method using a TBM construction ventilation system comprises the following steps:

[0064] S1. At the beginning of TBM excavation, the filter pipe 400 and the filter water tank 500 are first installed. After excavating a certain distance, an air circulation channel is constructed at the top of the tunnel 100, and then the first ventilation pipe 200 and the air pipe 300 are installed, so that the first ventilation pipe 200 is connected to the filter water tank 500, and the air pipe 300 is connected to the outside;

[0065] S2, the air duct 300 is closed by controlling the sealing plate 642 through the stepping motor 610, and the reversing fan 800 is turned on at this time, so that the reversing fan 800 draws the gas on one side of the excavation direction outward, passes through the filter device 900 for primary filtration, and the gas after the primary filtration passes through the filter pipe 400 into the filter water tank 500 for secondary filtration, and the gas after the secondary filtration is discharged through the exhaust pipe 530; then the sealing plate 642 is controlled by the stepping motor 610 to close the first ventilation pipe 200, and the reversing fan 800 is reversed at this time, so that the reversing fan 800 draws the gas outside the air duct 300 into the first ventilation pipe 200, and fresh air is introduced in the excavation direction;

[0066] S3, after the TBM excavates a certain depth, an air circulation channel is constructed again at the top of the tunnel 100 near the excavation direction, and then a new first ventilation pipe 200 and an air duct 300 are installed, so that the new first ventilation pipe 200 is connected to the old first ventilation pipe 200, and the new air duct 300 is connected to the outside; at this time, step S2 is repeated to achieve rapid ventilation at the excavation site, and at the same time, the old first ventilation pipe 200 can also be ventilated through the corresponding air outlet 210;

[0067] S4. When the stepper motor 610 controls the sealing plate 642 to close the first ventilation duct 200, the first gear 630 will drive the tooth plate 730 to move horizontally, so that the tooth plate 730 drives the third gear 740 and the gear shaft 750 to rotate. At this time, since the gear shaft 750 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 920, the rotation of the gear shaft 750 will drive the screw rod 920 to move horizontally, so that the filter device 900 slides out of the first socket 220 along the first slot 221 for a distance, which is convenient for the staff to check the use of the filter plate 930; when the filter plate 930 accumulates too much dust and affects the ventilation, pull the handle 790 downwards, at this time, the third gear 740 disengages from the tooth plate groove 711, and the filter device 900 can be pulled outward by the handle to make the filter device 900 leave the first ventilation duct 200, thereby facilitating the replacement of the filter plate 930.

[0068] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that a person skilled in the art can make several improvements and changes without departing from the creative concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A TBM construction ventilation system, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of first ventilation pipes (200) which are connected in sequence horizontally, and a hanging plate (260) is provided at both ends of the first ventilation pipes (200), and the hanging plate (260) is fixedly connected to the top of the tunnel (100), and the hanging plate (260) suspends the first ventilation pipes (200) above the interior of the tunnel (100); An air duct (300) is provided in the middle of the upper part of the first ventilation pipe (200), and the air duct (300) passes through the top of the tunnel (100) and is connected to the outside; a wind direction adjustment device (600) is installed at the connection between the first ventilation pipe (200) and the air duct (300), and is used to selectively close the first ventilation pipe (200) or the air duct (300); a reversing fan (800) is installed in the first ventilation pipe (200) and on the side close to the excavation direction; an air outlet (210) is provided at the bottom of the first ventilation pipe (200), and the air outlet (210) is located between the reversing fan (800) and the side of the excavation direction; a one-way valve is installed on the air outlet (210), and the one-way valve only allows the gas in the first ventilation pipe (200) to enter the tunnel (100); a filtering device (900) is installed in the first ventilation pipe (200) and on the side away from the excavation direction; A first vertical straight slot (240) is provided on one side wall of the first ventilation pipe (200), and an inner slot is further provided on the inner side wall of the first straight slot (240); a screw rod (920) is fixedly connected to a side of the filter device (900) away from the handle, and the screw rod (920) passes through the first straight slot (240); a switching device (700) is installed on a side wall of the first ventilation pipe (200) close to the first straight slot (240), and the switching device (700) comprises a switching box (710), an opening of the switching box (710) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first ventilation pipe (200), and the first straight slot (240) is located in the switching box (710); the switching box (710) is away from the first ventilation pipe (2 A second straight slot (720) is provided on one side of the switching box (710), and an inner slot is also provided on the inner side wall of the second straight slot (720); a gear shaft (750) is provided in the switching box (710), and both ends of the gear shaft (750) are provided with limiting rings (751), and the limiting rings (751) at both ends are respectively located in the inner slots of the first straight slot (240) and the second straight slot (720) and are slidably connected to the corresponding inner slots; a third gear (740) is fixedly provided on the gear shaft (750), and a toothed plate slot (711) is provided through the upper side of the switching box (710), and a toothed plate (730) is slidably connected to the toothed plate slot (711); the toothed plate (730) is meshed with the first gear (630) and the third gear (740) respectively; The interior of the gear shaft (750) is a hollow structure and is provided with threads, and the lead screw (920) is connected to the internal threads of the gear shaft (750).

2. A TBM construction ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind direction adjustment device (600) comprises a rotating shaft (640), the rotating shaft (640) being installed in the first ventilation pipe (200), and the supporting shafts (641) at both ends of the rotating shaft (640) passing through the first ventilation pipe (200) and being rotatably connected to the side wall of the first ventilation pipe (200), the supporting shaft (641) at one end of the rotating shaft (640) being fixedly connected to a first gear (630), and the first gear (630) being located outside the first ventilation pipe (200); a stepping motor (610) being provided outside the first ventilation pipe (200), and the stepping motor (610) being installed on the side wall of the first ventilation pipe (200) via a bracket (650); an output shaft of the stepping motor (610) being fixedly connected to a second gear (620), and the second gear (620) being meshed with the first gear (630); and a sealing plate (642) being fixedly provided on the rotating shaft (640).

3. A TBM construction ventilation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A mounting groove (910) is provided through the middle of the filtering device (900), the notch of the mounting groove (910) faces the excavation direction, and a filtering plate (930) is inserted into the mounting groove (910); A first socket (220) is provided on one side wall of the first ventilation pipe (200), and first slots (221) are provided at the top and bottom of the first ventilation pipe (200) where the first socket (220) is located, and the upper and lower ends of the filter device (900) are movably connected to the corresponding first slots (221); and a handle is provided on one side of the filter device (900).

4. A TBM construction ventilation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two support rods (770) are slidably connected to the bottom of the switching box (710); the support rods (770) located outside the switching box (710) are fixedly connected to a handle (790); the end of the support rod (770) located inside the switching box (710) is fixedly connected to a support groove (760); a pressure spring (780) is sleeved on the support rod (770) located inside the switching box (710), and the two ends of the pressure spring (780) are respectively fixedly connected to the switching box (710) and the support groove (760); the support groove (760) is located below the gear shaft (750) and abuts against the gear shaft (750) to limit the position.

5. A TBM construction ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter pipe (400) is provided outside the tunnel (100), and the filter pipe (400) is connected to the tunnel (100) via a hanging plate (260); an end of the filter pipe (400) away from the excavation direction is connected to a filter water tank (500), and an end of the filter pipe (400) close to the excavation direction is connected to a first ventilation pipe (200) that is closest to the tunnel.

6. A TBM construction ventilation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of air outlets (410) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the filtering pipe (400); the filtering water tank (500) is provided with two water tank bodies (510) and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tunnel (100); a plurality of air inlet pipes (520) are connected to the water tank body (510); one end of the air inlet pipe (520) extends into the water in the water tank body (510), and the other end of the air inlet pipe (520) is connected to the corresponding air outlet (410); and an exhaust pipe (530) is also connected to the top of the water tank body (510).

7. A TBM construction ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first receiving plate (250) is provided at the edge of the port of each of the first ventilation pipes (200), a plurality of screw holes are provided on the first receiving plate (250), and the ports of adjacent first ventilation pipes (200) are fixedly connected via bolts installed on the first receiving plate (250); a second receiving plate (310) is provided at the edge of the port of the air duct (300), a plurality of screw holes are provided on the second receiving plate (310), and the port of the air duct (300) is fixedly connected to an external duct via the second receiving plate (310).

8. A TBM construction ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second socket (230) is provided on one side wall of the first ventilation duct (200); second slots (231) are provided at the top and bottom of the first ventilation duct (200) where the second socket (230) is located; the upper and lower ends of the reversing fan (800) are movably plugged into the corresponding second slots (231); and a handle is provided on one side of the reversing fan (800).

9. A method for ventilation using the TBM construction ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. At the beginning of TBM excavation, the filter pipe (400) and the filter water tank (500) are first installed. After excavating a certain distance, an air circulation channel is constructed at the top of the tunnel (100). Then, the first ventilation pipe (200) and the air pipe (300) are installed, so that the first ventilation pipe (200) is connected to the filter water tank (500), and the air pipe (300) is connected to the outside. S2, controlling the sealing plate (642) to seal the air duct (300) through the stepping motor (610), and at this time, starting the reversing fan (800), so that the reversing fan (800) draws out the gas on one side of the excavation direction, passes through the filtering device (900) for primary filtration, and the gas after the primary filtration passes through the filtering duct (400) into the filtering water tank (500) for secondary filtration, and the gas after the secondary filtration is discharged through the exhaust pipe (530); then, controlling the sealing plate (642) to seal the first ventilation duct (200) through the stepping motor (610), and at this time, the reversing fan (800) is reversed, so that the reversing fan (800) draws the gas outside the air duct (300) into the first ventilation duct (200), and fresh air is introduced in the excavation direction; S3, after the TBM excavates to a certain depth, an air circulation channel is constructed again at the top of the tunnel (100) near the excavation direction, and then a new first ventilation pipe (200) and an air duct (300) are installed, so that the new first ventilation pipe (200) is connected to the old first ventilation pipe (200), and the new air duct (300) is connected to the outside; at this time, step S2 is repeated to achieve rapid ventilation at the excavation site, and at the same time, the old first ventilation pipe (200) can also be ventilated through the corresponding air outlet (210); S4. When the stepper motor (610) controls the sealing plate (642) to seal the first ventilation pipe (200), the first gear (630) drives the tooth plate (730) to move horizontally, so that the tooth plate (730) drives the third gear (740) and the gear shaft (750) to rotate. At this time, since the gear shaft (750) is threadedly connected to the screw rod (920) inside, the rotation of the gear shaft (750) drives the screw rod (920) to move horizontally, so that the filter device (900) moves along the first ventilation pipe (200). The slot (221) slides out of the first socket (220) for a distance, so that the staff can check the use of the filter plate (930); when too much dust accumulates on the filter plate (930) and affects ventilation, the handle (790) is pulled downward, and the third gear (740) is disengaged from the tooth plate groove (711). The filter device (900) can be pulled outward by the handle to make the filter device (900) leave the first ventilation pipe (200), thereby facilitating the replacement of the filter plate (930).

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