Method, device and equipment for determining the highest sweep frequency of a vibroseis and storage medium

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application relate to a method, device, equipment and storage medium for determining the maximum scanning frequency of a controllable source, which comprises the following steps: determining the first maximum frequency of effective seismic waves that can be collected according to seismic gathers; determining the second maximum frequency of the controllable source without distortion harmonics according to the time-frequency spectrum, phase spectrum and matrix output spectrum of the vibration plate signal of the controllable source under different scanning parameters; determining the third maximum frequency of the surface response without distortion harmonics according to the time-frequency spectrum, phase spectrum and matrix output spectrum of the coupling vibration signal of the controllable source and the ground surface; and determining the maximum scanning frequency of the controllable source according to the first maximum frequency, the second maximum frequency and the third maximum frequency. That is, the maximum scanning frequency of the controllable source is reasonably designed by using the maximum frequency of the effective waves that can be collected and the maximum frequency of the controllable source system and the ground surface layer response without distortion harmonics, so as to reduce the excitation energy loss of the controllable source and realize efficient collection of high-quality seismic data.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration equipment, and in particular to a method and device for determining the highest scanning frequency of a controlled source, an electronic device and a storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] A controlled source is a signal excitation equipment widely used in oil and gas exploration, coalfield exploration and the like, and has the characteristics of controllable excitation energy and controllable excitation frequency, and occupies an extremely important position in seismic exploration. Among them, the high-frequency scanning frequency design of the controlled source has been a research focus and difficulty.

[0003] At present, in the design of the scanning frequency of the controlled source, a wide frequency design of not less than 6 wide octaves is usually considered, but due to the signal distortion in the coupling process of the controlled source system and ground vibration and the absorption and attenuation of seismic waves by the ground system, the designed high-frequency signal of the controlled source may not form effective waves under certain geological conditions, resulting in loss of excitation energy, poor data quality and low acquisition efficiency. SUMMARY

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a method, device, equipment and storage medium for determining the highest scanning frequency of a controlled source, to solve the technical problems of loss of excitation energy, poor data quality and low acquisition efficiency caused by unreasonable design of the highest frequency of the controlled source.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for determining the highest scanning frequency of a controlled source, comprising: determining a first highest frequency of an earthquake effective wave that can be collected according to a seismic gather; determining a second highest frequency at which no distortion harmonic occurs in a controlled source according to the time-frequency spectrum, phase spectrum and matrix output spectrum of the vibration plate signal of the controlled source under different scanning parameters; determining a third highest frequency at which no distortion harmonic occurs in the surface response according to the time-frequency spectrum, phase spectrum and matrix output spectrum of the coupling vibration signal of the controlled source and the ground surface; and determining the highest scanning frequency of the controlled source according to the first highest frequency, the second highest frequency and the third highest frequency.

[0006] In some embodiments, the first highest frequency of the earthquake effective wave that can be collected according to the seismic gather comprises: obtaining a seismic gather of a target work area, and performing pre-stack resolution enhancement processing and partial trace stacking processing on the seismic gather; performing correlation wavelet calculation based on the processed seismic gather to obtain a gather wavelet spectrum; performing normalization and compensation processing on the gather wavelet spectrum to obtain a gather statistical spectrum; and performing signal recovery processing on the gather statistical spectrum according to a preset amplitude difference to obtain the first highest frequency of the earthquake effective wave that can be collected.

[0007] In some embodiments, the determining the second highest frequency of the controllable seismic source without distortion harmonic wave according to the time-frequency spectrum, the phase spectrum and the matrix output spectrum of the vibration plate signal of the controllable seismic source under different scanning parameters comprises: respectively performing time-frequency transformation, phase transformation and force transformation on each vibration plate signal of the controllable seismic source under different scanning parameters to obtain a first time-frequency spectrum, a first phase spectrum and a first matrix output spectrum; and determining the second highest frequency of the controllable seismic source without distortion harmonic wave according to whether the first time-frequency spectrum, the first phase spectrum and the first matrix output spectrum exist distortion harmonic wave.

[0008] In some embodiments, the determining the third highest frequency of the surface response without distortion harmonic wave according to the time-frequency spectrum, the phase spectrum and the matrix output spectrum of the coupling vibration signal of the controllable seismic source and the ground comprises: performing phase consistency processing and signal-to-noise ratio improvement processing on the coupling vibration signal of the controllable seismic source and the ground; performing time-frequency transformation, phase transformation and force transformation on the processed coupling vibration signal of the controllable seismic source and the ground to obtain a second time-frequency spectrum, a second phase spectrum and a second matrix output spectrum; and determining the third highest frequency of the surface response without distortion harmonic wave according to whether the second time-frequency spectrum, the second phase spectrum and the second matrix output spectrum exist distortion harmonic wave.

[0009] In some embodiments, the determining the highest scanning frequency of the controllable seismic source according to the first highest frequency, the second highest frequency and the third highest frequency comprises: constructing a highest frequency superposition graph corresponding to the first highest frequency, the second highest frequency and the third highest frequency; and calculating a root mean square corresponding to the first highest frequency, the second highest frequency and the third highest frequency according to the highest frequency superposition graph to obtain the highest scanning frequency of the controllable seismic source.

[0010] In some embodiments, after the determining the highest scanning frequency of the controllable seismic source, the method further comprises: outputting a control signal to the controllable seismic source to enable the controllable seismic source to scan a target work area according to the highest scanning frequency of the controllable seismic source.

[0011] In the second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a device for determining a highest scanning frequency of a controllable seismic source, comprising: a first determining module configured to determine a first highest frequency of an effective seismic wave capable of being collected according to a seismic trace set; a second determining module configured to determine a second highest frequency of the controllable seismic source without distortion harmonic wave according to a time-frequency spectrum, a phase spectrum and a matrix output spectrum of a vibration plate signal of the controllable seismic source under different scanning parameters; a third determining module configured to determine a third highest frequency of a surface response without distortion harmonic wave according to a time-frequency spectrum, a phase spectrum and a matrix output spectrum of a coupling vibration signal of the controllable seismic source and the ground; and a fourth determining module configured to determine a highest scanning frequency of the controllable seismic source according to the first highest frequency, the second highest frequency and the third highest frequency.

[0012] In some embodiments, the fourth determining module is specifically configured to: construct a highest frequency superposition map corresponding to the first highest frequency, the second highest frequency and the third highest frequency; and calculate a root mean square of the first highest frequency, the second highest frequency and the third highest frequency according to the highest frequency superposition map, to obtain the highest scanning frequency of the vibroseis.

[0013] In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, comprising a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory complete mutual communication through the communication bus; the memory is used to store a computer program; and the processor is used to execute the program stored on the memory to realize the steps of the method for determining the highest scanning frequency of the vibroseis according to any one of the first aspect.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to realize the steps of the method for determining the highest scanning frequency of the vibroseis according to any one of the first aspect.

[0015] The method, device, equipment and storage medium for determining the highest scanning frequency of the vibroseis provided by the embodiments of the present application determine the first highest frequency of the effective wave that can be collected according to the seismic trace set; determine the second highest frequency of the vibroseis that does not generate distortion harmonics according to the time-frequency spectrum, the phase spectrum and the matrix output spectrum of the vibration plate signal of the vibroseis under different scanning parameters; determine the third highest frequency of the surface response that does not generate distortion harmonics according to the time-frequency spectrum, the phase spectrum and the matrix output spectrum of the vibroseis and the surface coupling vibration signal; and determine the highest scanning frequency of the vibroseis according to the first highest frequency, the second highest frequency and the third highest frequency. That is, the embodiments of the present application utilize the highest frequency of the effective wave that can be collected, the highest frequency of the vibroseis system and the surface layer response that does not generate distortion harmonics, reasonably design the highest scanning frequency of the vibroseis, reduce the energy loss of the vibroseis excitation, and realize efficient collection of high-quality seismic data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated into and form a part of the specification, illustrate one embodiment consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without any creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1a A time-frequency diagram of a force signal with a scanning frequency of 1.5-84Hz from a controllable vibration source is provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1b A time-frequency diagram of a force signal with a scanning frequency of 1.5-90Hz from a controllable vibration source is provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1c A time-frequency diagram of a force signal with a scanning frequency of 1.5-96Hz from a controllable vibration source is provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the comparison between a recorded seismic signal spectrum and a design-expected seismic signal spectrum, provided as an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the impact of controllable source-earth coupling conditions on seismic data quality and resolution, provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a method for determining the highest scanning frequency of a controllable seismic source, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 For the purposes of this embodiment of the invention Figure 4 A further detailed flowchart of step S401 in the method for determining the highest scanning frequency of a controllable seismic source is provided.

[0025] Figure 6 For the purposes of this embodiment of the invention Figure 4 A further detailed flowchart of step S402 in the method for determining the highest scanning frequency of a controllable seismic source is provided.

[0026] Figure 7 For the purposes of this embodiment of the invention Figure 4 A further detailed flowchart of step S403 in the method for determining the highest scanning frequency of a controllable seismic source is provided.

[0027] Figure 8 For the purposes of this embodiment of the invention Figure 4 A further detailed flowchart of step S404 in the method for determining the highest scanning frequency of a controllable seismic source is provided.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a device for determining the highest scanning frequency of a controllable seismic source, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] The controllable source is a signal exciting equipment widely used in oil and gas exploration, coalfield exploration and the like, has the characteristics of controllable exciting energy and controllable exciting frequency, and has the advantages of high construction efficiency, safety and environmental protection, and the like, and therefore occupies an extremely important position in seismic exploration.

[0032] Among them, the controllable source scanning signal design has been the focus and difficulty of controllable source hardware and software research, mainly solving the accuracy and stability of the scanning signal, and the more optimal low frequency and high frequency to obtain a wide frequency scanning signal. With the oil and gas exploration facing thinner and thinner reservoirs and smaller and smaller faults, it is more expected to obtain small fault separation and thin layer vertical resolution, that is, high frequency signal is precious.

[0033] At present, in the controllable source scanning frequency design, the wide frequency design of not less than 6 wide octaves is usually considered, and at present the controllable source can obtain stable 1.5Hz low frequency signal, and the high frequency needs to reach 96Hz, so as to reach the relative frequency width of 6 octaves.

[0034] However, the signal transmitted into the ground by the controllable source is jointly determined by the source system, the controllable source and the ground surface coupling condition, and the frequency range of the recorded seismic wave is determined by the signal transmitted into the ground, the seismic wave propagation system (such as lithology and physical properties). Therefore, the seismic wave signal input into the ground is not the original scanning signal, but a harmonic distortion signal; on the other hand, the frequency of the actually recorded seismic effective wave is limited.

[0035] Figure 1a A force signal time-frequency diagram of a scanning frequency 1.5-84Hz of a controllable source provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 1b A force signal time-frequency diagram of a scanning frequency 1.5-90Hz of a controllable source provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 1c A force signal time-frequency diagram of a scanning frequency 1.5-96Hz of a controllable source provided by the embodiment of the present application, and Figures 1a-1cIt can be seen that the high frequency signal of the controllable source is prone to harmonic distortion, resulting in that the high frequency signal transmitted into the earth is not an effective signal but an interference wave after distortion. In the controllable source seismic exploration process, harmonic interference is inevitable, mainly including harmonic generated by mechanical system distortion and harmonic generated by surface medium response distortion. The existence of such harmonic distortion greatly damages the quality of the controllable source seismic data and reduces the resolution of the data. In the linear frequency sweep, the mechanical system harmonic mainly shows strong interference of adjacent shots, and the mechanical harmonic has regularity in the occurrence time and the difference in phase from the fundamental wave, providing good conditions for mechanical harmonic suppression. The surface response harmonic mainly shows strong interference of the shot, and the strongest energy is mainly concentrated in a narrow frequency band, and has certain randomness related to the surface coupling condition, and can be suppressed according to these characteristics in processing.

[0036] Figure 2 A comparison between the recorded seismic signal spectrum and the designed expected seismic signal spectrum is provided for the embodiment of the present application, as shown in the figure, Figure 2 The filtering system of the earth makes the high frequency information (dotted line) of the recorded seismic wave effective signal greatly different from the designed expected signal (solid line). It can be seen that in the area where the controllable source and the surface coupling condition are very poor, the designed high frequency scanning frequency not only loses the excitation energy, but also cannot obtain the undistorted seismic wave, and causes the increase of the high vibration rate and the construction cost, and restricts the development of the controllable source seismic exploration technology.

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the influence of the controllable source and the earth coupling condition on the seismic data quality and resolution is provided for the embodiment of the present application, Figure 3 The left is the forward profile of the scanning signal, Figure 3 The right is the forward profile of the distortion force signal. It can be seen that the controllable source and the earth coupling condition directly affect the harmonic distortion of the scanning frequency, and have a great influence on the seismic data quality and resolution.

[0038] In summary, how to determine the optimal highest scanning frequency of the controllable source is a key for the rapid development of the controllable source high-precision seismic exploration.

[0039] In view of the above technical problems, the technical concept of the present application is to determine the highest scanning frequency in the scanning parameter of the controllable source according to the highest frequency of the recorded seismic wave, the highest frequency of the controllable source system without harmonic distortion, and the highest frequency of the surface response without harmonic distortion, so as to solve the signal distortion in the process of the controllable source system and the earth vibration coupling and the absorption and attenuation of the earth system to the seismic wave, so that the designed high frequency signal of the controllable source cannot form an effective wave under the specific seismic geological condition, resulting in the loss of excitation energy, the poor data quality and the low acquisition efficiency.

[0040] Figure 4A flowchart of a method for determining the highest scanning frequency of a controllable source is provided in the embodiments of the present application, and the main body of the method is a land node instrument pile number matching device, which can be realized by any software / hardware. As shown in Figure 4 the method for determining the highest scanning frequency of a controllable source comprises the following steps.

[0041] In step S401, the first highest frequency of an effective wave that can be collected is determined according to a seismic gather.

[0042] Specifically, when a controllable source is used for seismic exploration, a two-dimensional or three-dimensional survey line can be arranged in a target work area, and the controllable source is used to excite seismic waves. The point where the controllable source is located can be referred to as a shot point, that is, an excitation point. A plurality of geophones can be arranged along the survey line to receive seismic wave signals, that is, receiving points. The shot point and the corresponding geophone can form a seismic trace. After the geophone receives the seismic wave signal, the seismic data can be discretely sampled and recorded in digital form on a magnetic tape as the seismic data of the seismic trace, and the seismic data of all seismic traces constitute a seismic gather.

[0043] In this step, based on the seismic gather collected by each geophone, the highest frequency of an effective wave that can be collected, that is, the first highest frequency, is determined by processing and analyzing the seismic gather. Optionally, the excitation point corresponding to the above seismic gather can be a well shot excitation source, or a controllable source and a good system vibration source.

[0044] In step S402, the second highest frequency at which no distortion harmonic occurs in the controllable source is determined according to the time-frequency spectrum, phase spectrum and matrix output spectrum of the plate vibration signal of the controllable source under different scanning parameters.

[0045] Specifically, the scanning parameters of the controllable source include, but are not limited to, the following: scanning frequency range, scanning length, driving level, etc. In the present embodiment, it mainly refers to the pre-correlation force signal of each plate of the controllable source under different highest scanning frequencies. The plate vibration signal can be understood as the pre-correlation force signal.

[0046] In the present embodiment, the pre-correlation force signal under different highest scanning frequencies is subjected to time-frequency transformation to obtain a time-frequency spectrum, phase transformation to obtain a phase spectrum, and force transformation to obtain a matrix output spectrum. According to the time-frequency spectrum, phase spectrum and matrix output spectrum of the pre-correlation force signal, the highest frequency at which no distortion harmonic occurs in the controllable source system is obtained, that is, the second highest frequency.

[0047] In step S403, the third highest frequency at which no distortion harmonic occurs in the surface response is determined according to the time-frequency spectrum, phase spectrum and matrix output spectrum of the coupling vibration signal of the controllable source and the ground.

[0048] Specifically, the surface-coupling vibration signal of the vibroseis can be understood as a signal transmitted into the ground, and according to the time-frequency spectrum, phase spectrum and base output spectrum of the signal transmitted into the ground, the highest frequency at which the surface response does not generate distorted harmonics, i.e., the third highest frequency, is obtained.

[0049] Step S404: determining the highest scanning frequency of the vibroseis according to the first highest frequency, the second highest frequency and the third highest frequency.

[0050] Specifically, the highest scanning frequency in the scanning parameter of the vibroseis is obtained by calculating the root mean square of the highest frequency of the seismic wave that can be recorded, the highest frequency at which the vibroseis system does not generate distorted harmonics, and the highest frequency at which the surface response does not generate distorted harmonics.

[0051] In some embodiments, after the step S404, the method further comprises: outputting a control signal to the vibroseis, so that the vibroseis scans the target work area according to the highest scanning frequency of the vibroseis.

[0052] Specifically, after the highest scanning frequency of the vibroseis is determined, the highest scanning frequency is carried in the control signal and sent to the vibroseis, so that the vibroseis is set to the corresponding highest scanning frequency to scan the target work area.

[0053] The method for determining the highest scanning frequency of the vibroseis provided in the embodiments of the present application determines the first highest frequency of the seismic effective wave that can be collected according to the seismic trace set, determines the second highest frequency at which the vibroseis does not generate distorted harmonics according to the time-frequency spectrum, phase spectrum and base output spectrum of the vibration plate signal of the vibroseis under different scanning parameters, determines the third highest frequency at which the surface response does not generate distorted harmonics according to the time-frequency spectrum, phase spectrum and base output spectrum of the surface-coupling vibration signal of the vibroseis, and determines the highest scanning frequency of the vibroseis according to the first highest frequency, the second highest frequency and the third highest frequency. The technical means realizes the reasonable design of the best highest scanning frequency of the vibroseis in the target work area by considering the highest frequency of the effective wave that can be collected in the target work area, the highest frequency at which the vibroseis system and the surface response do not generate harmonic distortion, reduces the loss of the excitation capacity of the vibroseis, and realizes the efficient collection of high-quality seismic data.

[0054] On the basis of the above-described embodiments, Figure 5 For the method for determining the highest scanning frequency of the vibroseis in the embodiments of the present application, Figure 4 a further refined flowchart of step S401 is shown in FIG. 4, which includes: Figure 5

[0055] Step S501: obtaining the seismic trace set of the target work area, and performing pre-stack resolution enhancement processing and partial trace stacking processing on the seismic trace set.​

[0056] Step S502, based on the processed seismic trace set, correlation wavelet calculation is performed to obtain a trace set wavelet spectrum.

[0057] Step S503, the trace set wavelet spectrum is normalized and compensated to obtain a trace set statistical spectrum.

[0058] Step S504, for the trace set statistical spectrum, signal recovery processing is performed according to a preset amplitude difference to obtain the first highest frequency of the seismic effective wave that can be collected.

[0059] Specifically, first, the original seismic trace set recorded by each geophone in the target work area is obtained, and pre-stack resolution enhancement processing and partial trace stacking are performed to obtain a high signal-to-noise ratio trace set; then, correlation wavelet calculation is performed according to the high signal-to-noise ratio trace set to obtain a trace set wavelet spectrum; then, the trace set wavelet spectrum is normalized and compensated to output a trace set statistical spectrum; finally, according to a preset amplitude difference (such as 60 dB) of recoverable signals, the highest frequency of the effective wave that can be recorded is obtained.

[0060] On the basis of the foregoing embodiments, through pre-stack resolution enhancement, partial trace stacking, normalization, compensation, and signal recovery processing according to a preset amplitude difference, the first highest frequency of the seismic effective wave that can be collected is conveniently, quickly, and accurately determined.

[0061] On the basis of the foregoing embodiments, Figure 6 For the determination of the step S402 in the method for determining the highest scanning frequency of the vibratory source in the embodiments of the present application, Figure 4 a further refined flowchart is shown in FIG. 6, which shows that the step S402 includes: Figure 6

[0062] Step S601, respectively, time-frequency transformation is performed on each vibration plate signal of the vibratory source under different scanning parameters to obtain a first time-frequency spectrum, phase transformation is performed to obtain a first phase spectrum, and force transformation is performed to obtain a first matrix output spectrum.

[0063] Step S602, according to whether there is a distortion harmonic in the first time-frequency spectrum, the first phase spectrum, and the first matrix output spectrum, a second highest frequency is determined at which the vibratory source does not generate a distortion harmonic.

[0064] Specifically, the vibration plate signal of the vibratory source under different scanning parameters, i.e., the force signal before correlation, is obtained; time-frequency transformation is performed on the force signal before correlation to obtain a time-frequency spectrum, phase transformation is performed to obtain a phase spectrum, and force transformation is performed to obtain a matrix output spectrum; whether there is a distortion harmonic output is judged according to the time-frequency spectrum, the phase spectrum, and the matrix output spectrum of the force signal before correlation, and a highest frequency at which no distortion harmonic is generated is obtained; the highest frequency is the highest frequency at which the vibratory source system does not generate a distortion harmonic. ​

[0065] On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, whether distortion harmonic occurs is judged by the time-frequency spectrum, phase spectrum and matrix output spectrum of each vibration plate signal of the controllable source under different scanning parameters, so that the highest frequency of the controllable source system without distortion harmonic is conveniently, quickly and accurately determined.

[0066] On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, Figure 7 For the step S403 in the method for determining the highest scanning frequency of the controllable source in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 4 a further refined flowchart is shown in FIG. 4B, which shows that the step S403 includes: Figure 7

[0067] The step S701 performs phase consistency processing and signal-to-noise ratio improvement processing on the controllable source and ground coupling vibration signal.

[0068] The step S702 performs time-frequency transformation on the processed controllable source and ground coupling vibration signal to obtain a second time-frequency spectrum, performs phase change to obtain a second phase spectrum, and performs force transformation to obtain a second matrix output spectrum.

[0069] The step S703 determines a third highest frequency of the ground response without distortion harmonic according to whether distortion harmonic exists in the second time-frequency spectrum, the second phase spectrum and the second matrix output spectrum.

[0070] Specifically, the controllable source and ground coupling vibration signal, i.e. the signal transmitted to the ground, can be a controllable source near-trace mechanical noise suppression and optimized correlation trace gather; the signal transmitted to the ground is subjected to phase consistency processing and signal-to-noise ratio improvement processing to obtain a high-quality signal transmitted to the ground before correlation; the signal transmitted to the ground is subjected to time-frequency transformation to obtain a time-frequency spectrum, phase transformation to obtain a phase spectrum, and force transformation to obtain a matrix output spectrum; whether distortion harmonic exists is judged according to the time-frequency spectrum, the phase spectrum and the matrix output spectrum of the signal transmitted to the ground, and the highest frequency without distortion harmonic is obtained, which is the highest frequency of the surface response without distortion harmonic.

[0071] On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the signal transmitted to the ground is subjected to phase consistency processing and signal-to-noise ratio improvement processing, and the time-frequency spectrum, the phase spectrum and the matrix output spectrum of the processed signal transmitted to the ground are used to quickly and accurately determine the highest frequency of the surface response without distortion harmonic.

[0072] On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, Figure 8 For the step S404 in the method for determining the highest scanning frequency of the controllable source in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 4 a further refined flowchart is shown in FIG. 4D, which shows that the step S404 includes: Figure 8 ​​

[0073] Step S801, construct the highest frequency superimposed graph corresponding to the first highest frequency, the second highest frequency and the third highest frequency.

[0074] Step S802, calculate the root mean square of the first highest frequency, the second highest frequency and the third highest frequency according to the highest frequency superimposed graph, and obtain the highest scanning frequency of the controllable source.

[0075] Specifically, according to the highest frequency of the recordable seismic wave, the highest frequency of the controllable source system without distortion harmonic, and the highest frequency of the surface response without distortion harmonic, a highest frequency cross superimposed graph is established, the root mean square thereof is calculated, and the target work area is obtained, especially the highest scanning frequency of the controllable source under the specific seismic geological conditions where the high frequency signal of the controllable source fails to form effective waves.

[0076] On the basis of the foregoing embodiments, the root mean square of the highest frequency of the recordable seismic wave, the highest frequency of the controllable source system without distortion harmonic, and the highest frequency of the surface response without distortion harmonic is determined to determine the optimal highest scanning frequency of the controllable source system in the corresponding target work area.

[0077] Figure 9 A structure diagram of a device for determining the highest scanning frequency of a controllable source provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in FIG. 1. Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the device for determining the highest scanning frequency of the controllable source comprises:

[0078] A first determination module 901 is configured to determine the first highest frequency of the recordable seismic effective wave according to the seismic trace set; a second determination module 902 is configured to determine the second highest frequency of the controllable source without distortion harmonic according to the time-frequency spectrum, phase spectrum and matrix output spectrum of the vibrator signal of the controllable source under different scanning parameters; a third determination module 903 is configured to determine the third highest frequency of the surface response without distortion harmonic according to the time-frequency spectrum, phase spectrum and matrix output spectrum of the surface coupling vibration signal of the controllable source; and a fourth determination module 904 is configured to determine the highest scanning frequency of the controllable source according to the first highest frequency, the second highest frequency and the third highest frequency.

[0079] In some embodiments, the first determination module 901 is specifically configured to: acquire the seismic trace set of the target work area, and perform pre-stack resolution enhancement processing and partial trace stacking processing on the seismic trace set; perform correlation wavelet calculation based on the processed seismic trace set to obtain a trace set wavelet spectrum; perform normalization and compensation processing on the trace set wavelet spectrum to obtain a trace set statistical spectrum; and perform signal recovery processing on the trace set statistical spectrum according to a preset amplitude difference to obtain the first highest frequency of the recordable seismic effective wave.

[0080] In some embodiments, the second determining module 902 is specifically configured to: perform time-frequency transformation on each vibration plate signal of the controllable seismic source under different scanning parameters to obtain a first time-frequency spectrum, perform phase transformation to obtain a first phase spectrum, and perform force transformation to obtain a first matrix output spectrum; and determine a second highest frequency at which the controllable seismic source does not generate distortion harmonics according to whether the first time-frequency spectrum, the first phase spectrum and the first matrix output spectrum have distortion harmonics.

[0081] In some embodiments, the third determining module 903 is specifically configured to: perform phase consistency processing and signal-to-noise ratio improvement processing on the controllable seismic source and the ground surface coupling vibration signal; perform time-frequency transformation on the processed controllable seismic source and the ground surface coupling vibration signal to obtain a second time-frequency spectrum, perform phase transformation to obtain a second phase spectrum, and perform force transformation to obtain a second matrix output spectrum; and determine a third highest frequency at which the ground surface response does not generate distortion harmonics according to whether the second time-frequency spectrum, the second phase spectrum and the second matrix output spectrum have distortion harmonics.

[0082] In some embodiments, the fourth determining module 904 is specifically configured to: construct a highest frequency superposition map corresponding to the first highest frequency, the second highest frequency and the third highest frequency; and calculate a root mean square corresponding to the first highest frequency, the second highest frequency and the third highest frequency according to the highest frequency superposition map to obtain the highest scanning frequency of the controllable seismic source.

[0083] In some embodiments, the device further comprises a signal output module 905 configured to output a control signal to the controllable seismic source, so that the controllable seismic source scans a target work area according to the highest scanning frequency of the controllable seismic source.

[0084] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the device for determining the highest scanning frequency of the controllable seismic source and the corresponding beneficial effects described above can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method examples, which will not be described here.

[0085] Figure 10 A hardware structure schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1. Figure 10 As shown in FIG. 1, the electronic device includes a processor 1001, a communication interface 1002, a memory 1003 and a communication bus 1004, wherein the processor 1001, the communication interface 1002 and the memory 1003 complete mutual communication through the communication bus 1004,

[0086] The memory 1003 is configured to store a computer program.

[0087] In one embodiment of the present application, the processor 1001, when executing the program stored in the memory 1003, implements the steps of the method for determining the maximum sweep frequency of the vibroseis according to any one of the preceding method embodiments.

[0088] The electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present application has similar implementation principles and technical effects to the above-described embodiments, and thus details are not repeated here.

[0089] The memory 1003 described above can be an electronic memory such as a flash memory, an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), an EPROM, a hard disk, or a ROM. The memory 1003 has a storage space for program codes for executing any of the steps of the above-described methods. For example, the storage space for program codes can include individual program codes for implementing individual steps in the above-described methods, respectively. These program codes can be read from or written into one or more computer program products. These computer program products include program code carriers such as hard disks, compact discs (CDs), memory cards, or floppy disks. Such computer program products are usually portable or fixed storage units. The storage unit can have a storage segment or a storage space, etc., which is arranged similarly to the memory 1003 in the electronic device described above. The program codes can be compressed in an appropriate form, for example. Generally, the storage unit includes programs for executing the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application, i.e., codes that can be read by a processor such as 1001, which, when executed by the electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform the individual steps in the above-described methods.

[0090] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for determining the maximum sweep frequency of the vibroseis as described above.

[0091] The computer readable storage medium can be included in the device / apparatus described in the above embodiments; or can exist separately and not be assembled into the device / apparatus. The computer readable storage medium carries one or more programs, which, when executed, implement the method according to the embodiments of the present application.

[0092] According to embodiments of the present application, the computer readable storage medium can be a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, such as, for example, without limitation, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage, magnetic storage, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the present application, a computer readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device

[0093] It is to be understood that the terminology "first" and "second" and the like used herein merely refer to different categories of entities or operations and do not necessarily imply that these entities or operations are in any way related or ordered in time. Also, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by "comprises... a" does not, without more constraints, exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

[0094] The above description is merely that of the embodiments of the present application, and allows those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Accordingly, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for determining the highest scanning frequency of a controllable seismic source, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: determining a first maximum frequency of seismic effective waves that can be collected according to a seismic gather; determining a second maximum frequency of the controllable seismic source without distortion harmonics according to the time-frequency spectrum, the phase spectrum and the matrix output spectrum of the vibrator plate signal of the controllable seismic source under different scanning parameters; determining a third maximum frequency of the surface response without distortion harmonics according to the time-frequency spectrum, the phase spectrum and the matrix output spectrum of the coupling vibration signal of the controllable seismic source and the ground surface; determining a maximum scanning frequency of the controllable seismic source according to the first maximum frequency, the second maximum frequency and the third maximum frequency; the method for determining the second maximum frequency of the controllable seismic source without distortion harmonics according to the time-frequency spectrum, the phase spectrum and the matrix output spectrum of the vibrator plate signal of the controllable seismic source under different scanning parameters comprises the following steps: respectively performing time-frequency transformation, phase transformation and force transformation on each vibrator plate signal of the controllable seismic source under different scanning parameters to obtain a first time-frequency spectrum, a first phase spectrum and a first matrix output spectrum; determining the second maximum frequency of the controllable seismic source without distortion harmonics according to whether the first time-frequency spectrum, the first phase spectrum and the first matrix output spectrum exist distortion harmonics; the method for determining the third maximum frequency of the surface response without distortion harmonics according to the time-frequency spectrum, the phase spectrum and the matrix output spectrum of the coupling vibration signal of the controllable seismic source and the ground surface comprises the following steps: performing phase consistency processing and signal-to-noise ratio improvement processing on the coupling vibration signal of the controllable seismic source and the ground surface; performing time-frequency transformation, phase transformation and force transformation on the processed coupling vibration signal of the controllable seismic source and the ground surface to obtain a second time-frequency spectrum, a second phase spectrum and a second matrix output spectrum; determining the third maximum frequency of the surface response without distortion harmonics according to whether the second time-frequency spectrum, the second phase spectrum and the second matrix output spectrum exist distortion harmonics.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method for determining the first maximum frequency of seismic effective waves that can be collected according to a seismic gather comprises the following steps: obtaining a seismic gather of a target work area, and performing pre-stack resolution improvement processing and partial trace stacking processing on the seismic gather; performing correlation wavelet calculation based on the processed seismic gather to obtain a gather wavelet spectrum; performing normalization and compensation processing on the gather wavelet spectrum to obtain a gather statistical spectrum; performing signal recovery processing on the gather statistical spectrum according to a preset amplitude difference to obtain the first maximum frequency of the seismic effective waves that can be collected.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method for determining a maximum scanning frequency of the controllable seismic source according to the first maximum frequency, the second maximum frequency and the third maximum frequency comprises the following steps: constructing a maximum frequency superposition map corresponding to the first maximum frequency, the second maximum frequency and the third maximum frequency; calculating the root mean square corresponding to the first maximum frequency, the second maximum frequency and the third maximum frequency according to the maximum frequency superposition map to obtain the maximum scanning frequency of the controllable seismic source.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, After determining the maximum scanning frequency of the controllable seismic source, the method further comprises the following steps: outputting a control signal to the controllable seismic source to enable the controllable seismic source to scan the target work area according to the maximum scanning frequency of the controllable seismic source.

5. An apparatus for determining the maximum sweep frequency of a vibroseis, comprising: The method comprises the following steps: a first determination module is configured to determine a first maximum frequency of seismic effective waves that can be collected according to a seismic gather; The second determining module is configured to determine a second highest frequency without distortion harmonic of the controlled source according to a time-frequency spectrum, a phase spectrum and a matrix output spectrum of the vibration plate signals of the controlled source under different scanning parameters. The third determining module is configured to determine a third highest frequency without distortion harmonic of the surface response according to a time-frequency spectrum, a phase spectrum and a matrix output spectrum of the vibration signals coupled with the surface of the controlled source. The fourth determining module is configured to determine the highest scanning frequency of the controlled source according to the first highest frequency, the second highest frequency and the third highest frequency. The second determining module is specifically configured to: perform time-frequency transformation to obtain a first time-frequency spectrum, perform phase transformation to obtain a first phase spectrum, and perform force transformation to obtain a first matrix output spectrum on each vibration plate signal of the controlled source under different scanning parameters; determine a second highest frequency without distortion harmonic of the controlled source according to whether the first time-frequency spectrum, the first phase spectrum and the first matrix output spectrum exist distortion harmonic; The third determining module is specifically configured to: perform phase consistency processing and signal-to-noise ratio improvement processing on the vibration signals coupled with the surface of the controlled source; perform time-frequency transformation to obtain a second time-frequency spectrum, perform phase transformation to obtain a second phase spectrum, and perform force transformation to obtain a second matrix output spectrum on the processed vibration signals coupled with the surface of the controlled source; determine a third highest frequency without distortion harmonic of the surface response according to whether the second time-frequency spectrum, the second phase spectrum and the second matrix output spectrum exist distortion harmonic.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The fourth determining module is specifically configured to: construct a highest frequency superposition map corresponding to the first highest frequency, the second highest frequency and the third highest frequency; calculate a root mean square corresponding to the first highest frequency, the second highest frequency and the third highest frequency according to the highest frequency superposition map to obtain the highest scanning frequency of the controlled source.

7. An electronic device, comprising: The computer program is executed by the processor to realize the steps of the method for determining the highest scanning frequency of the controlled source according to any one of claims 1-4. The computer program is executed by the processor to realize the steps of the method for determining the highest scanning frequency of the controlled source according to any one of claims 1-4. ​ 8. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, ​

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