A part toughening additive manufacturing apparatus and method based on gaseous reaction

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on atmosphere reaction's part toughening additive manufacturing equipment and method, equipment includes optical system, forming system and atmosphere reaction chamber;Optical system is fixed in the top of forming system, and atmosphere reaction chamber is arranged in the inside of forming system;Atmosphere reaction chamber specifically includes cavity wall, reaction atmosphere gas inlet, reaction atmosphere gas outlet, sealing gas curtain gas outlet, sealing gas curtain gas inlet and reaction atmosphere concentration sensor;Forming system specifically includes forming chamber, forming cylinder, feed cylinder, powder laying mechanism and reaction chamber moving mechanism.The application introduces atmosphere reaction chamber in the additive manufacturing process, and the concentration of reaction atmosphere generates different volume fraction of reinforcing phase in situ, realizes the toughness of other parts while local strengthening of part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of additive manufacturing technology, and specifically relates to an additive manufacturing device and method for strengthening and toughening parts based on atmosphere reaction. Background Art

[0002] Metal additive manufacturing technology has broad application prospects due to its ability to achieve rapid prototyping and efficient production of complex structures. However, existing additive manufacturing technologies still face challenges in improving part strength and toughness. While incorporating in-situ atmosphere reactions into the additive manufacturing process can enhance part strength, this approach is limited by the flexibility of atmosphere transitions within the forming chamber, making it difficult to achieve localized part strengthening. Furthermore, while this overall strengthening of the part can improve its strength, it also significantly reduces its plasticity, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the high strength and toughness requirements of complex parts. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing technology and provide an additive manufacturing device and method for strengthening and toughening parts based on atmosphere reaction. By introducing an atmosphere reaction chamber during the additive manufacturing process, the concentration of the reaction atmosphere generates reinforcing phases with different volume fractions in situ, thereby achieving local strengthening of the parts without affecting the toughness of other parts.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A part strengthening and toughening additive manufacturing device based on atmosphere reaction includes an optical system, a forming system and an atmosphere reaction chamber; the optical system is fixed on the top of the forming system, and the atmosphere reaction chamber is arranged inside the forming system.

[0006] Furthermore, the forming system specifically includes a forming chamber, a forming cylinder, a feeding cylinder, a powder spreading mechanism, and a reaction chamber moving mechanism;

[0007] The forming cylinder and the feeding cylinder are arranged at the bottom of the forming chamber; the powder spreading mechanism is arranged on one side of the forming chamber, and the reaction chamber moving mechanism is arranged on the other side of the forming chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the atmosphere reaction chamber specifically includes a chamber wall, a reaction atmosphere air inlet, a reaction atmosphere air outlet, a sealed air curtain air outlet, a sealed air curtain air inlet, and a reaction atmosphere concentration sensor;

[0009] The reaction atmosphere inlet is provided on the cavity wall by means of bolts, and the reaction atmosphere outlet is provided on the cavity wall opposite to the reaction atmosphere inlet by means of bolts;

[0010] The sealed air curtain air inlet is set on the chamber wall by bolts, and the sealed air curtain air inlet is set above the reaction atmosphere air inlet; the sealed air curtain air outlet is set on the chamber wall opposite to the sealed air curtain air inlet by bolts, and the sealed air curtain air outlet is set above the reaction atmosphere air outlet;

[0011] The reaction atmosphere concentration sensor is fixed on the cavity wall;

[0012] The top of the atmosphere reaction chamber is unobstructed.

[0013] Furthermore, the reaction chamber moving mechanism includes an X-axis moving mechanism and a Y-axis moving mechanism;

[0014] The atmosphere reaction chamber is connected to the Y-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism is connected to the X-axis moving mechanism, and the X-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the wall surface of the forming chamber.

[0015] Furthermore, the X-axis movement mechanism specifically includes an X-axis linear guide, an X-axis lead screw, an X-axis drive motor, and an X-axis slide; the X-axis lead screw is installed in the X-axis linear guide, the X-axis slide cooperates with the X-axis lead screw, and the X-axis drive motor moves the X-axis slide along the X-axis linear guide through the X-axis lead screw;

[0016] The Y-axis moving mechanism specifically includes a Y-axis linear guide, a Y-axis lead screw, a Y-axis drive motor and a Y-axis slide;

[0017] The Y-axis lead screw is installed in the Y-axis linear guide rail, the Y-axis slide cooperates with the Y-axis lead screw, and the Y-axis drive motor moves the Y-axis slide along the Y-axis linear guide rail through the Y-axis lead screw;

[0018] The X-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the wall of the forming chamber, the Y-axis moving mechanism is connected to the X-axis moving mechanism through the X-axis slide, and the atmosphere reaction chamber is connected to the Y-axis slide. The movement of the atmosphere reaction chamber in the X and Y axis directions is achieved through the cooperation of the X-axis moving mechanism and the Y-axis moving mechanism.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a frame, and the forming system is fixed on the frame.

[0020] Furthermore, the optical system specifically includes a laser, a galvanometer, a field lens, a protective lens, and an optical mounting plate;

[0021] The optical mounting plate is arranged on the upper wall of the forming chamber, the galvanometer is fixed on the optical mounting plate, the field mirror is arranged below the galvanometer, the protective mirror is arranged on the upper wall of the forming chamber, and the laser is fixed on the frame.

[0022] Furthermore, a protective gas inlet and a protective gas outlet are provided on the side wall of the forming chamber for transporting and discharging the protective gas in the forming chamber; an optical path incident port is provided on the upper wall of the forming chamber for installing a protective mirror of the optical system and as a laser incident channel.

[0023] Furthermore, the powder spreading mechanism specifically includes a guide rail, a lead screw, a drive motor, a linear slide, and a powder spreading scraper;

[0024] The guide rail is arranged on the bottom surface of the forming chamber, the screw is installed in the guide rail, the linear slide cooperates with the screw, the powder scraper is fixed on the linear slide, and the driving motor drives the powder scraper fixed on the linear slide through the screw to spread powder along the guide rail.

[0025] The present invention also includes a part strengthening and toughening additive manufacturing method based on the provided part strengthening and toughening additive manufacturing equipment, comprising the following steps:

[0026] S1. Open the protective gas inlet and the protective gas outlet on the side wall of the forming chamber, and introduce inert protective gas into the forming chamber through the protective gas inlet, so that the forming chamber is filled with protective gas;

[0027] S2. The optical system selectively melts the material in the forming cylinder according to the slice file information to form the part matrix;

[0028] S3, the reaction chamber moving mechanism moves the atmosphere reaction chamber to above the area of ​​the part that needs to be strengthened according to the slice file information;

[0029] S4, the reaction atmosphere inlet, the reaction atmosphere outlet, the sealed air curtain outlet, and the sealed air curtain inlet are controlled to open so as to maintain a specific concentration of the reaction gas in the atmosphere reaction chamber;

[0030] S5. The optical system selectively melts the area of ​​the part that needs to be strengthened based on the slice file information and causes a gas-liquid chemical reaction to generate a particle reinforcement phase in situ, thus achieving local reinforcement of the part.

[0031] S6, the reaction chamber moving mechanism moves the atmosphere reaction chamber to outside the forming plane;

[0032] S7, the powder spreading mechanism spreads a new layer of powder onto the forming surface;

[0033] S8. Repeat steps S2 to S7 until the entire part is manufactured.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. Achieve local strengthening while maintaining the toughness of the part matrix and improve overall performance: By introducing an atmosphere reaction chamber during the additive manufacturing process, the present invention can generate reinforcing phases with different volume fractions in specific areas of the part, thereby improving the local strength of the part and avoiding the deficiency of the traditional overall atmosphere field that can only strengthen the part as a whole but significantly reduce the plasticity.

[0036] 2. Reduce the amount of reaction gas and ventilation time required for atmosphere reaction enhancement: A miniaturized and movable atmosphere reaction chamber is used to provide the required atmosphere environment for the gas-liquid chemical reaction in the molten pool, thereby avoiding the deficiency of the existing atmosphere reaction that requires the entire forming chamber to be filled with a reaction atmosphere of a specific concentration, reducing the amount of reaction gas and protective gas used in the ventilation and washing process, saving ventilation time, and improving production efficiency.

[0037] 3. The amount and location of the reinforcing phase are controllable: By precisely controlling the position of the atmosphere reaction chamber on the part and the concentration of the reaction atmosphere, customized preparation of the amount and location of the reinforcing phase can be achieved.

[0038] 4. Improve the digitization and automation of metal matrix composite material preparation: By connecting to a host computer to control the movement of the atmosphere reaction chamber and the concentration of the reaction atmosphere in the atmosphere reaction chamber, the local strengthening effect of the parts can be digitized and automated, and the amount and location of the reinforcing phase generated can be controlled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the forming system;

[0041] Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an atmosphere reaction chamber;

[0042] Explanation of the accompanying figures: 1-optical system; 2-forming system; 3-atmosphere reaction chamber; 21-forming chamber; 211-protective gas inlet; 212-protective gas outlet; 22-forming cylinder; 23-feeding cylinder; 24-powder spreading mechanism; 25-reaction chamber moving mechanism; 251-X-axis moving mechanism; 252-Y-axis moving mechanism; 31-cavity wall; 32-reaction atmosphere inlet; 33-reaction atmosphere outlet; 34-sealed air curtain outlet; 35-sealed air curtain inlet; 36-reaction atmosphere concentration sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0044] Example

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention is an additive manufacturing device for strengthening parts based on atmosphere reaction, including an optical system 1, a forming system 2, an atmosphere reaction chamber 3 and a frame; the optical system is fixed on the top of the forming system, the atmosphere reaction chamber is arranged inside the forming system, and the forming system is fixed on the frame.

[0046] The optical system is used to provide energy in the forming process, and the atmosphere reaction chamber provides an atmosphere environment for the atmosphere reaction process.

[0047] In this embodiment, the forming system specifically includes a forming chamber 21, a forming cylinder 22, a feeding cylinder 23, a powder spreading mechanism 24, and a reaction chamber moving mechanism 25;

[0048] The forming cylinder is used to control the lifting and lowering of the part during the forming process so that the forming plane is consistent with the focal plane of the optical system;

[0049] Feeding cylinder, used for supplying powder during the forming process;

[0050] Powder spreading mechanism, used to spread the powder in the feeding cylinder onto the forming plane and keep the powder bed flat;

[0051] The reaction chamber moving mechanism is used to control the movement of the atmosphere reaction chamber in the forming chamber.

[0052] The forming cylinder and the feeding cylinder are arranged at the bottom of the forming chamber; the powder spreading mechanism is arranged on one side of the forming chamber, and the reaction chamber moving mechanism is arranged on the other side of the forming chamber.

[0053] In this embodiment, the reaction chamber moving mechanism includes an X-axis moving mechanism 251 and a Y-axis moving mechanism 252;

[0054] In this embodiment, the X-axis moving mechanism specifically includes an X-axis linear guide, an X-axis screw, an X-axis drive motor and an X-axis slide; the X-axis screw is installed in the X-axis linear guide, the X-axis slide cooperates with the X-axis screw, and the X-axis drive motor moves the X-axis slide along the X-axis linear guide through the X-axis screw.

[0055] The Y-axis moving mechanism specifically includes a Y-axis linear guide, a Y-axis lead screw, a Y-axis drive motor and a Y-axis slide; the Y-axis lead screw is installed in the Y-axis linear guide, the Y-axis slide cooperates with the Y-axis lead screw, and the Y-axis drive motor moves the Y-axis slide along the Y-axis linear guide through the Y-axis lead screw.

[0056] The X-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the wall of the forming chamber, the Y-axis moving mechanism is connected to the X-axis moving mechanism through the X-axis slide, and the atmosphere reaction chamber is connected to the Y-axis slide. The movement of the atmosphere reaction chamber in the X and Y axis directions is achieved through the cooperation of the X-axis moving mechanism and the Y-axis moving mechanism.

[0057] In this embodiment, the optical system specifically includes a laser, a galvanometer, a field lens, a protective lens, and an optical mounting plate;

[0058] The optical mounting plate is arranged on the upper wall of the forming chamber, the galvanometer is fixed on the optical mounting plate, the field mirror is arranged below the galvanometer, the protective mirror is arranged on the upper wall of the forming chamber, and the laser is fixed on the frame.

[0059] In this embodiment, the sidewalls of the forming chamber are provided with a protective gas inlet 211 and a protective gas outlet 212 for supplying and discharging the protective gas within the forming chamber. The upper wall of the forming chamber is provided with an optical path inlet for installing a protective mirror of the optical system and serving as a laser incident channel.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the atmosphere reaction chamber specifically includes a chamber wall 31, a reaction atmosphere air inlet 32, a reaction atmosphere air outlet 33, a sealed air curtain air outlet 34, a sealed air curtain air inlet 35 and a reaction atmosphere concentration sensor 36;

[0061] The reaction atmosphere inlet is provided on the cavity wall by means of bolts, and the reaction atmosphere outlet is provided on the cavity wall opposite to the reaction atmosphere inlet by means of bolts;

[0062] The sealed air curtain air inlet is set on the cavity wall by bolts, and the sealed air curtain air inlet is set above the reaction atmosphere air inlet; the sealed air curtain air outlet is set on the cavity wall opposite to the sealed air curtain air inlet by bolts, and the sealed air curtain air outlet is set above the reaction atmosphere air outlet.

[0063] A reaction atmosphere inlet is used to deliver reaction gas into the atmosphere reaction chamber that can react in situ with the forming powder at high temperature;

[0064] The reaction atmosphere outlet is used to provide suction to make the reaction gas flow in a specific airflow direction (from the reaction atmosphere inlet to the reaction atmosphere outlet) to reduce the overflow of the reaction gas;

[0065] The sealed air curtain inlet sprays inert protective gas at the top of the atmosphere reaction chamber, and cooperates with the sealed air curtain outlet to form an inert protective air curtain to prevent the reaction gas from overflowing the atmosphere reaction chamber; the sum of the flow rates of the reaction atmosphere outlet and the sealed air curtain outlet is greater than the sum of the flow rates of the reaction atmosphere inlet and the sealed air curtain inlet, so that a negative pressure is formed in the atmosphere reaction chamber, further preventing the reaction gas from overflowing.

[0066] The reaction atmosphere concentration sensor is fixed on the chamber wall. The reaction atmosphere concentration sensor is used to monitor the reaction atmosphere concentration in the atmosphere reaction chamber, and adjust the air intake volume of the reaction atmosphere inlet to achieve control and regulation of the reaction atmosphere concentration in the atmosphere reaction chamber.

[0067] The top of the atmosphere reaction chamber is unobstructed, allowing the forming light source to penetrate into the powder bed below the reaction atmosphere chamber to provide the energy required for forming and atmosphere reaction.

[0068] In this embodiment, the powder spreading mechanism specifically includes a guide rail, a lead screw, a drive motor, a linear slide, and a powder spreading scraper;

[0069] The guide rail is arranged on the bottom surface of the forming chamber, the screw is installed in the guide rail, the linear slide cooperates with the screw, the powder scraper is fixed on the linear slide, and the driving motor drives the powder scraper fixed on the linear slide through the screw to spread powder along the guide rail.

[0070] In this embodiment, a host computer is further included to control the movement of the atmosphere reaction chamber and the concentration of the reaction atmosphere in the atmosphere reaction chamber, so as to realize the digitization and automation of the local strengthening effect of the parts.

[0071] In another embodiment, a part toughening additive manufacturing method based on the part toughening additive manufacturing apparatus described in the above embodiment is provided, the method comprising the following steps:

[0072] S1, opening the protective gas inlet and protective gas outlet on the side wall of the forming chamber, and passing the inert protective gas argon into the forming chamber through the protective gas inlet, so that the forming chamber is filled with argon;

[0073] S2. The optical system selectively melts the titanium material in the forming cylinder according to the slice file information to form the part matrix;

[0074] S3, the reaction chamber moving mechanism moves the atmosphere reaction chamber to above the area of ​​the part that needs to be strengthened according to the slice file information;

[0075] S4, the reaction atmosphere inlet, reaction atmosphere outlet, sealed air curtain outlet and sealed air curtain inlet are controlled to open so that the atmosphere reaction chamber maintains a nitrogen concentration of 5%-20%;

[0076] S5. The optical system selectively melts the area of ​​the part that needs to be strengthened according to the slice file information, causing a gas-liquid chemical reaction at high temperature to generate a TiN particle reinforcement phase in situ, thereby achieving local reinforcement of the part.

[0077] S6, the reaction chamber moving mechanism moves the atmosphere reaction chamber to outside the forming plane;

[0078] S7, the powder spreading mechanism spreads a new layer of powder onto the forming surface;

[0079] S8. Repeat steps S2 to S7 until the entire part is manufactured.

[0080] It should also be noted that, in this specification, terms such as "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising the element.

[0081] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A part strengthening and toughening additive manufacturing device based on atmosphere reaction, characterized in that: It includes an optical system, a forming system and an atmosphere reaction chamber; the optical system is fixed on the top of the forming system, and the atmosphere reaction chamber is set inside the forming system; The forming system specifically includes a forming chamber, a forming cylinder, a feeding cylinder, a powder spreading mechanism, and a reaction chamber moving mechanism; The forming cylinder and the feeding cylinder are arranged at the bottom of the forming chamber; the powder spreading mechanism is arranged on one side of the forming chamber, and the reaction chamber moving mechanism is arranged on the other side of the forming chamber; The atmosphere reaction chamber specifically includes a chamber wall, a reaction atmosphere air inlet, a reaction atmosphere air outlet, a sealed air curtain air outlet, a sealed air curtain air inlet, and a reaction atmosphere concentration sensor; The reaction atmosphere inlet is provided on the cavity wall by means of bolts, and the reaction atmosphere outlet is provided on the cavity wall opposite to the reaction atmosphere inlet by means of bolts; The sealed air curtain air inlet is set on the chamber wall by bolts, and the sealed air curtain air inlet is set above the reaction atmosphere air inlet; the sealed air curtain air outlet is set on the chamber wall opposite to the sealed air curtain air inlet by bolts, and the sealed air curtain air outlet is set above the reaction atmosphere air outlet; The reaction atmosphere concentration sensor is fixed on the cavity wall; The top of the atmosphere reaction chamber is unobstructed; A protective gas inlet and a protective gas outlet are provided on the side wall of the forming chamber for conveying and discharging the protective gas in the forming chamber.

2. The part strengthening and toughening additive manufacturing equipment based on atmosphere reaction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reaction chamber moving mechanism includes an X-axis moving mechanism and a Y-axis moving mechanism; The atmosphere reaction chamber is connected to the Y-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism is connected to the X-axis moving mechanism, and the X-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the wall surface of the forming chamber.

3. The part strengthening and toughening additive manufacturing equipment based on atmosphere reaction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The X-axis moving mechanism specifically includes an X-axis linear guide, an X-axis lead screw, an X-axis drive motor, and an X-axis slide. The X-axis lead screw is installed in the X-axis linear guide, the X-axis slide cooperates with the X-axis lead screw, and the X-axis drive motor moves the X-axis slide along the X-axis linear guide through the X-axis lead screw. The Y-axis moving mechanism specifically includes a Y-axis linear guide, a Y-axis lead screw, a Y-axis drive motor and a Y-axis slide; The Y-axis lead screw is installed in the Y-axis linear guide rail, the Y-axis slide cooperates with the Y-axis lead screw, and the Y-axis drive motor moves the Y-axis slide along the Y-axis linear guide rail through the Y-axis lead screw; The X-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the wall of the forming chamber, the Y-axis moving mechanism is connected to the X-axis moving mechanism through the X-axis slide, and the atmosphere reaction chamber is connected to the Y-axis slide. The movement of the atmosphere reaction chamber in the X and Y axis directions is achieved through the cooperation of the X-axis moving mechanism and the Y-axis moving mechanism.

4. The part strengthening and toughening additive manufacturing equipment based on atmosphere reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The utility model also comprises a frame, on which the forming system is fixed.

5. The part strengthening and toughening additive manufacturing equipment based on atmosphere reaction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The optical system specifically includes a laser, a galvanometer, a field lens, a protective lens, and an optical mounting plate; The optical mounting plate is arranged on the upper wall of the forming chamber, the galvanometer is fixed on the optical mounting plate, the field mirror is arranged below the galvanometer, the protective mirror is arranged on the upper wall of the forming chamber, and the laser is fixed on the frame.

6. The part strengthening and toughening additive manufacturing equipment based on atmosphere reaction according to claim 5, characterized in that: An optical path entrance port is opened on the upper wall of the forming chamber, which is used to install the protective mirror of the optical system and serve as a laser incident channel.

7. The part strengthening and toughening additive manufacturing equipment based on atmosphere reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder spreading mechanism specifically includes guide rails, screw rods, drive motors, linear slides, and powder spreading scrapers; The guide rail is arranged on the bottom surface of the forming chamber, the screw is installed in the guide rail, the linear slide cooperates with the screw, the powder scraper is fixed on the linear slide, and the driving motor drives the powder scraper fixed on the linear slide through the screw to spread powder along the guide rail.

8. A part strengthening and toughening additive manufacturing method based on the part strengthening and toughening additive manufacturing equipment based on atmosphere reaction according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Open the protective gas inlet and the protective gas outlet on the side wall of the forming chamber, and introduce inert protective gas into the forming chamber through the protective gas inlet, so that the forming chamber is filled with protective gas; S2. The optical system selectively melts the material in the forming cylinder according to the slice file information to form the part matrix; S3, the reaction chamber moving mechanism moves the atmosphere reaction chamber to above the area of ​​the part that needs to be strengthened according to the slice file information; S4, the reaction atmosphere inlet, the reaction atmosphere outlet, the sealed air curtain outlet, and the sealed air curtain inlet are controlled to open so as to maintain a specific concentration of the reaction gas in the atmosphere reaction chamber; S5. The optical system selectively melts the area of ​​the part that needs to be strengthened according to the slice file information and causes a gas-liquid chemical reaction to generate a particle reinforcement phase in situ, thereby achieving local reinforcement of the part. S6, the reaction chamber moving mechanism moves the atmosphere reaction chamber to outside the forming plane; S7, the powder spreading mechanism spreads a new layer of powder onto the forming surface; S8. Repeat steps S2 to S7 until the entire part is manufactured.

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