A multi-wire feeding device and method for multi-layer multi-pass weld seam organization and element regulation

Abstract

The application provides a multi-wire feeding device and method for multi-layer multi-pass welding seam structure and element regulation, and relates to the field of welding.The device comprises a wire feeding front end shell, a secondary wire guide disc, a wire feeding guide pipe, a tertiary wire guide disc, a wire feeding middle section shell and a clamping shell; the wire feeding front end shell is composed of a wire guide front nozzle, a wire guide cone and a primary wire guide disc; the wire feeding guide pipe is connected with the secondary wire guide disc and passes through the tertiary wire guide disc, and the tail end port of the wire feeding guide pipe is connected with a wire guide wheel group circular middle joint; the wire guide wheel group is composed of two wire guide wheel groups and a motor, and the motor is controlled by a control device to realize wire feeding and wire withdrawal by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the motor.The method uses different component welding wires in one welding process to realize the regulation of the structure and elements in the welding process.The application improves the problems of uneven welding seam structure, grain coarsening and element burning loss in multi-layer multi-pass welding, and improves the performance of the multi-layer multi-pass welding seam.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of multi-layer multi-pass welding, in particular to a multi-wire welding device and method for multi-layer multi-pass welding weld structure and element control. BACKGROUND

[0002] Multi-layer welding refers to welding that completes the whole weld by depositing two or more layers of welds, and each layer of the weld is completed by one welding pass. When the weld is relatively large, multi-layer welding is required, and multi-layer welding often involves multi-pass welding. In high-end manufacturing fields such as aerospace, heavy machinery, large steel plate construction, various large vessels, high-speed rail transportation, bridge steel plates, and naval vessels, the application of medium-thick plate welding is extremely common. Multi-layer multi-pass welding is mainly used for welding medium-thick plates. The mechanical properties of different weld positions differ due to the non-uniformity of the structure in each region of the multi-layer multi-pass weld. During multi-layer multi-pass welding, the lower welding pass is affected by the multiple thermal cycles of the upper welding pass, resulting in remelting and recrystallization. The grain morphology is different in the upper, middle, and lower parts of the weld. The upper part of the weld has columnar crystal, coarse crystal, and fine crystal, with the proportion decreasing in turn. The middle part of the weld has the most fine crystal, followed by columnar crystal, and the least coarse crystal. The lower part of the weld only has fine crystal. The upper part of the weld with the highest proportion of columnar crystal has the worst impact toughness, while the lower part of the weld with the highest proportion of fine crystal has the best impact toughness. Therefore, grain refinement in multi-layer multi-pass welding helps to improve the toughness performance of the weld. At the same time, the weld surface is prone to corrosion due to differences in electrode potential caused by differences in chemical composition, thermal cycle-induced microstructure transformation, non-uniformity of the microstructure, segregation and precipitation behavior induced by thermal cycles, and other reasons. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to provide a multi-wire welding device and method for multi-layer multi-pass welding weld structure and element control, which uses welding wires with different component contents in different layers or between layers to control the microstructure of multi-layer multi-pass welding, improve the non-uniformity of the microstructure, optimize the mechanical properties, and use welding wires containing corrosion-resistant components on the weld surface to enhance the corrosion resistance of the weld surface.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, in a first aspect, one embodiment of the present application provides a multi-wire welding device for multi-layer multi-pass welding weld structure and element control, which includes a wire feeding front end housing, a secondary wire guide disc, a wire feeding guide tube, a tertiary wire guide disc, a wire feeding middle section housing, and a clamping housing.

[0005] The wire feeding front end shell has a wire guide front nozzle, which is composed of a wire guide cone and a first wire guide disc. The wire guide cone is evenly spaced with partition rib plates. The first wire guide disc is located at the rear of the wire guide cone. The first wire guide disc is circumferentially distributed with first wire guide holes corresponding to the middle of the partition rib plates. The first wire guide disc is placed at the front end of a wire guide barrel. The wire guide barrel is circumferentially distributed with wire guide tracks. The rear end of the wire guide barrel is tightly connected with a second wire feeding disc. The second wire guide disc is circumferentially distributed with second wire guide holes, which are connected with the wire feeding conduit. The wire feeding conduit passes through the third wire guide holes circumferentially distributed on the third wire guide disc. The other end of the wire feeding conduit is ported in the middle of the wire guide wheel set. One of the wire guide wheels is connected with a motor, and the other wire guide wheel is connected with a support shaft. The two wire guide wheels are connected with each other to form a circular gap in the wire guide wheel set. The tail end of the motor is connected with a clamping inner ring. Twelve motors are circumferentially distributed. The clamping inner ring is tightly connected with a clamping outer shell.

[0006] Preferably, the tail end of the wire feeding conduit is aligned with the circular gap in the wire guide wheel set, passing through the third wire guide disc and the second wire guide disc. The front end of the wire feeding conduit is butted with the second wire guide hole, which is butted at the rear end of the wire guide track on the wire guide barrel. The wire guide barrel and the wire guide track are tapered and contracted, with the smaller front end connected with the first wire guide disc. The wire guide track corresponds one-to-one with the first wire guide hole. The welding wire passes through the circular gap in the wire guide wheel set in turn, enters the wire feeding conduit, passes through the second wire feeding disc and the wire guide track, and then passes through the first wire guide hole and the middle of the partition rib plate. Finally, the welding wire is fed out of the wire hole with the assistance of the wire guide cone.

[0007] Preferably, the wire feeding front end shell covers the front end of the device, the wire feeding middle section shell covers the middle section of the device, the clamping shell covers the rear end of the device, and two clamping rib plates are placed on the upper end of the clamping shell. The clamping rib plates are both provided with fixed circular holes.

[0008] Preferably, the motor is controlled by a control program to realize the wire feeding and wire feeding of the welding wire.

[0009] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for multi-layer multi-pass weld seam structure and element control, characterized in that the 12 guide wire wheel group circles and the 12 wire feeding guide tubes are passed through by welding wires with different component contents, and the control device can control the forward rotation and reverse rotation of the motor to realize wire feeding and wire withdrawal, and the control device can be used to set the forward rotation and reverse rotation of a single motor at a certain time and position to realize the feeding and withdrawal of a certain component welding wire, for example, when starting the first layer of backing welding, the motor A starts to work in forward rotation, and the welding wire A starts to feed out, when the first layer of welding is completed, the corresponding motor A starts to reverse, and the welding wire A starts to withdraw, when the welding wire A is withdrawn to the first level guide wire hole, the motor A stops working, and the first layer of welding is completed, when starting the second layer of welding, the motor B starts to work in forward rotation, and the welding wire B with nucleating agent added to the welding wire A and an appropriate amount of welding wire B with easy loss elements added starts to feed out, when the second layer of welding is completed, the motor B reverses, and the welding wire B withdraws to the first level guide wire hole, when the third layer of welding starts, the motor C starts to work in forward rotation, and the welding wire C with antioxidant elements added to the welding wire A starts to feed out, when the welding is completed, the motor C reverses, and the welding wire C withdraws to the first level guide wire hole, and the top layer of welding is completed, at this time, the three-layer multi-pass welding is completed, and the interlayer structure and element control of multi-layer multi-pass welding with more layers can be completed by controlling different welding wires by more motors, and the welding of dissimilar materials can also be realized, for example, in each layer, the multi-gradient welding wires in the same layer are welded by controlling the motor operation, for example, the welding wire A suitable for material A is used for welding on the left side of the weld, the welding wire C with excessive components is used for welding in the middle of the layer, and the welding wire B suitable for material B is used for welding on the right side, and the above process is repeated in each layer to realize the welding of dissimilar materials.

[0010] The present application has the beneficial effect that in a certain multi-layer multi-pass weld seam, different component content welding wires are used in different layers or the same layer to adjust the weld seam structure, for example, the welding wire containing nucleating agent is used in the upper weld seam to refine the crystal grains, which are relatively uniform with the fine crystal in the lower part, so as to improve the structure uniformity and optimize the structure performance such as impact toughness, and the weld seam surface is prone to corrosion due to the uneven structure and the segregation caused by the heat cycle, so the welding wire containing antioxidant elements can be used in the last layer of weld seam to improve the corrosion resistance; and the welding of dissimilar metals can also be realized by using the welding wire with gradient components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 A perspective view of a multi-wire feeding device for weld seam structure and element control is provided for the embodiments of the present application.

[0012] Figure 2 A perspective view of a multi-wire feeding device for weld seam structure and element control without a shell is provided for the embodiments of the present application.

[0013] Figure 3A region of the perspective view of the shell of a multi-wire feeder for weld microstructure and element control provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 The partial enlarged view shown in the figure

[0014] Figure 4 The front planar view of a multi-wire feeder for weld microstructure and element control provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0015] Figure 5 The right view of a multi-wire feeder for weld microstructure and element control provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0016] 1. The front end shell of the feeder

[0017] 2. The secondary wire guide disc; 21. The secondary wire guide hole

[0018] 3. The wire guide tube

[0019] 4. The tertiary wire guide disc; 41. The tertiary wire guide hole

[0020] 5. The middle shell of the feeder

[0021] 6. The clamping shell; 61. The clamping inner ring; 62. The clamping rib plate; 63. The fixing circular hole

[0022] 7. The motor

[0023] 8. The wire guide wheel set

[0024] 9. The wire guide front nozzle; 91. The wire guide cone; 911. The separation rib plate; 92. The primary wire guide disc; 921. The primary wire guide hole

[0025] 10. The wire guide barrel; 101. The wire guide track

[0026] 11. The support shaft

[0027] 12. The wire outlet hole

[0028] 13. The control device

[0029] 14. The welding wire DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, but not to limit the present application. In addition, it should be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the relevant parts of the present application are shown in the drawings, but not all the structures.

[0031] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fitting", "fixing" should be understood broadly, for example, can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integral; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication of two elements or interaction relationship of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", and other orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only used to distinguish in the description, and have no special meaning.

[0033] The present application provides a multi-wire feeding device for multi-layer multi-pass welding weld structure and element regulation, as shown in Figure 1 The multi-wire feeding device comprises a wire feeding front end shell 1, a secondary wire guide disc 2, a wire feeding guide pipe 3, a tertiary wire guide disc 4, a wire feeding middle section shell 5, and a clamping shell 6.

[0034] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 The wire feeding front end shell 1 has a wire guide front nozzle 9 inside, the wire guide front nozzle 9 is composed of a wire guide cone 91 and a primary wire guide disc 92, the wire guide cone is equidistantly spaced apart by a partition rib plate 911, the primary wire guide disc 92 is located at the rear of the wire guide cone 91, the primary wire guide disc 92 is circumferentially distributed with a primary wire guide hole 921, the primary wire guide hole 921 corresponds to the middle of the partition rib plate 911, the primary wire guide disc 92 is arranged at the front end of a wire guide barrel 10, the wire guide barrel 10 is circumferentially distributed with a wire guide rail 101, the rear end of the wire guide barrel 10 is tightly connected with the secondary wire guide disc 2, the secondary wire guide disc 2 is circumferentially distributed with a secondary wire guide hole 21, the secondary wire guide hole 21 is connected with the wire feeding guide pipe 3, the wire feeding guide pipe 3 passes through the circumferentially distributed tertiary wire guide holes 41 of the tertiary wire guide disc 4, the other end of the wire feeding guide pipe 3 is arranged in the middle of a wire guide wheel set 8, one of the wire guide wheels 81 is connected with a motor 7, the other wire guide wheel 82 is connected with a support shaft 11, the two wire guide wheels are connected with each other to form a wire guide wheel set circular middle seam 83, the tail end of the motor 7 is connected with a clamping inner ring 61, 12 of the motors 7 are circumferentially distributed, the clamping inner ring 61 is tightly connected with the clamping shell 6.

[0035] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the wire feeding conduit 3 tail end is aligned with the guide wheel group circular middle slot 83, passing through the third guide disc 4 and the second guide disc 2, the wire feeding conduit 3 front end is connected with the second guide hole 21, the second guide hole 21 is connected with the guide rail 101 rear end on the guide barrel 10, the guide barrel 10 and the guide rail 101 are tapered, the smaller front end is connected with the first guide disc 92, the guide rail 101 is one-to-one corresponding with the first guide hole 921, the welding wire passes through the guide wheel group circular middle slot 83, enters the wire feeding conduit 3, passes through the second guide hole 21, the guide rail 101 and the middle of the separation rib plate 911, finally passes out of the wire outlet hole 12 with the help of the guide cone 91.

[0036] Specifically, as shown in Figure 4 As shown, the wire feeding front end shell 1 covers the front end of the device, the wire feeding middle shell 5 covers the middle of the device, the clamping shell 6 covers the rear end of the device, two clamping rib plates 62 are arranged on the upper end of the clamping shell 6, and the clamping rib plates 62 are both provided with fixed circular holes 63.

[0037] Specifically, as shown in Figure 5 As shown, the 12 circumferentially distributed motors 7 are controlled by the control device to realize the wire feeding and wire returning of the welding wire.

[0038] The method for multi-layer multi-pass welding seam structure and element regulation provided by the embodiment of the present application is suitable for the multi-wire feeding device for multi-layer multi-pass welding seam structure and element regulation, and specifically, as follows, the 12 wire guide wheels form a circular middle seam 83, and the 12 wire feeding pipes 3 pass through the welding wires with different component contents, the control device 13 can control the forward rotation and reverse rotation of the motor to realize the wire feeding and wire withdrawing, the control device 13 can be set to control the forward rotation and reverse rotation of a single motor 7 at a certain time and position to realize the wire feeding and wire withdrawing of a certain component welding wire, for example, when the first layer starts to perform the backing welding, the motor A starts to work in the forward rotation mode, the welding wire A starts to be fed out, when the first layer welding is completed, the motor A starts to work in the reverse rotation mode, the welding wire A starts to be withdrawn, when the welding wire A is withdrawn to the first-level wire guide hole 921, the motor A stops working, and the first layer welding is completed, when the second layer welding starts, the motor B starts to work in the forward rotation mode, the welding wire B with the nucleating agent and the appropriate amount of easy-to-burn element is fed out, the second layer welding is completed, the motor B works in the reverse rotation mode, the welding wire B is withdrawn to the first-level wire guide hole 921, the third layer welding starts, the motor C starts to work in the forward rotation mode, the welding wire C with the antioxidant element is fed out, when the welding is completed, the motor C works in the reverse rotation mode, the welding wire C is withdrawn to the first-level wire guide hole 921, and the top layer welding is completed, at this time, the three-layer multi-pass welding is completed, the interlayer structure and element regulation of the multi-layer multi-pass welding with more layers can be completed by controlling different welding wires by more motors, and the welding of dissimilar materials can also be realized, the transition welding of the same layer with multiple welding wires can be realized by controlling the motor operation, for example, the welding wire A suitable for the material A is used for welding on the left side of the welding seam, the welding wire C with the transition component is used for welding in the middle of the layer, and the welding wire B suitable for the material B is used for welding on the right side, the above process is repeated in each layer to realize the welding of dissimilar materials.

[0039] Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application are only examples for clearly illustrating the present application, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, re-adjustments and substitutions without departing from the protection scope of the present application. It is unnecessary and impossible to enumerate all the embodiments. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for multi-layer multi-pass weld microstructure and element regulation, the multi-layer multi-pass weld microstructure and element regulation is performed by a multi-wire feeding device, and the method is used for improving the problems of uneven multi-layer multi-pass weld microstructure, grain coarsening and element burning loss, and is characterized in that, The multi-wire feeding device comprises a wire feeding front end shell (1), a secondary wire guide disc (2), a wire feeding conduit (3), a tertiary wire guide disc (4), a wire feeding middle section shell (5), and a clamping shell (6). The wire feeding front end shell (1) is internally provided with a wire guide front nozzle (9) which is composed of a wire guide cone (91) and a primary wire guide disc (92). The wire guide cone is equidistantly spaced apart with partition rib plates (911) for partitioning welding wires. The primary wire guide disc is located at the rear part of the wire guide cone (91). The primary wire guide disc (92) is circumferentially provided with 12 primary wire guide holes (921) corresponding to the middle of the partition rib plates (911). The primary wire guide disc (92) is placed at the front end of a wire guide barrel (10) which is circumferentially provided with 12 wire guide tracks (101) for precisely isolating and conducting welding wires. The rear end of the wire guide barrel (10) is tightly connected with the secondary wire guide disc (2). The secondary wire guide disc (2) is circumferentially provided with 12 secondary wire guide holes (21) which are one-to-one corresponding to the wire guide tracks (101) at one end and connected with the front ends of 12 wire feeding conduits (3) at the other end. The wire feeding conduits (3) pass through the 12 tertiary wire guide holes (41) circumferentially distributed on the tertiary wire guide disc (4). The rear end ports of the wire feeding conduits (3) are placed in the wire guide wheel set circular middle slot (83) of the wire guide wheel set (8). One wire guide wheel (81) is connected with a motor (7), and the other wire guide wheel (82) is connected with a support shaft (11). The two wire guide wheels are connected with each other to form the wire guide wheel set circular middle slot (83) for clamping and conducting welding wires. The tail end of the motor (7) is connected with a clamping inner ring (61). The 12 motors (7) are circumferentially distributed. The clamping inner ring (61) is tightly connected with the clamping shell (6). The method comprises: Step one, welding wire control. Different component contents of welding wires pass through the 12 wire guide wheel set circular middle slots (83) and the 12 wire feeding conduits (3). The control device (13) can control the forward rotation and reverse rotation of the motor. Before welding, the control device (13) can preset the forward rotation and reverse rotation of a single motor (7) at a certain welding position to realize the feeding and withdrawing of a certain component welding wire. Step two, welding process, when multi-layer multi-pass welding is carried out, the first layer is welded, motor A starts to work in positive rotation, welding wire A starts to send out the wire hole (12), when the first layer welding is completed, the corresponding motor A starts to reverse, welding wire A starts to retreat, when the welding wire A retreats to the first level guide wire hole (921), the motor A stops working, the first layer welding is completed, when the second layer welding starts, the motor B starts to work in positive rotation, the welding wire B which adds nucleating agent and appropriate amount of easy loss element to welding wire A starts to send wire, the second layer welding is completed, the motor B reverses, the welding wire B retreats to the first level guide wire hole (921), the third layer welding starts, the motor C starts to work in positive rotation, the welding wire C which adds antioxidant element to welding wire A sends wire, when the welding is completed, the motor C reverses, the welding wire C retreats to the first level guide wire hole (921), the top layer welding is completed, at this time, the three-layer multi-pass welding is completed, the interlayer organization and element regulation of multi-layer multi-pass welding with more layers are completed by more motors controlling different welding wires, and different component welding wires are used at the same time in single welding.

2. A method for multi-pass weld microstructure and element management in multi-pass welds according to claim 1, wherein, The tail end of the wire feeding guide pipe (3) is aligned with the circular middle seam (83) of the guide wire wheel group, passes through the three-level guide wire disc (4), the corresponding three-level guide wire hole (41) distributed in a circle, the two-level guide wire disc (2), the front end of the wire feeding guide pipe (3) is connected with the two-level guide wire hole (21), the two-level guide wire hole (21) is connected with the rear end of the guide wire track (101) on the guide wire barrel (10), the guide wire barrel (10) and the guide wire track (101) are tapered and contracted, the smaller front end is connected with the first level guide wire disc (92), the guide wire track (101) corresponds to the first level guide wire hole (921) one by one, the welding wire passes through the guide wire wheel group circular middle seam (83) in turn, enters the wire feeding guide pipe (3), passes through the two-level guide wire disc (2) and the guide wire track (101), and then passes through the first level guide wire hole (921) and the middle of the separation rib plate (911), at most 12 welding wires can exist in the device at the same time, and finally one is selected to pass out of the wire hole (12).

3. A method for multi-pass weld microstructure and element management in multi-pass welds according to claim 1, wherein, The wire feeding front end shell (1) covers the front end of the device, the wire feeding middle shell (5) covers the middle of the device, the clamping shell (6) covers the rear end of the device, the two clamping rib plates (62) are arranged on the upper end of the clamping shell (6), and the clamping rib plates (62) are provided with fixed circular holes (63).

4. A method for multi-pass weld microstructure and element management of a multi-pass weld in accordance with claim 1, wherein, The 12 circumferentially distributed motors (7) are controlled by the control device (13) to realize the wire feeding and wire retreating of the welding wire.

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