Displacement amplification type bridge damping energy dissipation device with self-resetting limiting function

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of displacement amplification type bridge shock absorption energy dissipation device with self-resetting limiting function, including hydraulic displacement amplification system and SMA cable system;Hydraulic displacement amplification system is composed of connecting rod, hydraulic displacement amplifier, damping medium and related accessories, and the connecting rod displacement is amplified by the piston cylinder with different cross-sectional area of hydraulic displacement amplifier, and the connecting rod piston can only move in respective cylinder, to realize limiting function;SMA cable system is composed of stop block, end plate, jack, SMA cable and related accessories, and SMA cable is pulled tight to first end plate, second end plate, and first end plate, second end plate is blocked by stop block and approaches each other, and the jack after adjusting displacement by hydraulic displacement amplification system can be pushed in positive and negative directions to move the end plate in the direction of movement directly, so that first end plate, second end plate is far away, and self-resetting ability is provided by SMA cable.The present application can reduce the size of device, provide self-resetting limiting function and displacement amplification function, and improve the energy dissipation capacity of device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of bridge anti-seismic, and particularly relates to a displacement amplification type bridge damping and energy dissipation device with self-resetting limiting function. BACKGROUND

[0002] Shape memory alloy (SMA) has super-elasticity characteristics and good deformation capacity, and the limit strain of a general SMA cable is 5% to 10%. In bridge engineering, in order to realize the seismic isolation effect, the relative displacement of the main beam and the pier is generally large, and in the near-fault area, the seismic action is large, so the main beam and the pier are prone to large relative displacement, and therefore the damping and energy dissipation device needs to have large deformation capacity. For example, if a 30 cm relative displacement capacity is to be achieved, when the limit strain of the SMA cable is 6%, the length of the SMA cable needs to be 30 cm / 6% = 5 m, which will cause the size of the damping and energy dissipation device to be too large. In order to reduce the size of the device, provide self-resetting limiting function and improve the energy dissipation capacity of the device, the application provides a displacement amplification type bridge damping and energy dissipation device with self-resetting limiting function. SUMMARY

[0003] The application aims to provide a displacement amplification type bridge damping and energy dissipation device with self-resetting limiting function, which has small structure size and has self-resetting limiting and displacement amplification functions.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the technical scheme of a displacement amplification type bridge damping and energy dissipation device with self-resetting limiting function, which comprises a hydraulic displacement amplification system and an SMA cable system. The hydraulic displacement amplification system comprises a hydraulic displacement amplifier, a first connecting rod, a first piston, a second connecting rod, a second piston and a connecting structure member. The hydraulic displacement amplifier is composed of a first piston cylinder and a second piston cylinder connected in series and having different cross-sectional areas. The first piston is connected to the first connecting rod at the rear end of the first piston cylinder, and the second piston is connected to the second connecting rod at the front end of the second piston cylinder. The second connecting rod has a top plate at the front end. The first piston and the second piston are filled with damping medium. The outer side of the hydraulic displacement amplifier is fixedly connected to the connecting structure member through a plurality of connecting members. The SMA cable system comprises a first stop block, a second stop block, a first top rod, a second top rod, a first end plate, a second end plate and an SMA cable. The first stop block and the second stop block are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the inner side of the connecting structure member, respectively. The first end plate and the second end plate are arranged on the first stop block and the second stop block, respectively, and are connected by the SMA cable. The first top rod is connected to the first end plate at the front end and is abutted against the front end surface of the second connecting rod at the rear end. The second top rod is connected to the second end plate at the rear end and is abutted against the rear end surface of the top plate of the second connecting rod at the front end.

[0005] Further, the cross-sectional area of the first piston cylinder is smaller than that of the second piston cylinder, so that the displacement d2 of the second connecting rod is smaller than the displacement d1 of the first connecting rod, to realize the displacement amplification function of the second connecting rod.

[0006] Further, the first piston cylinder is provided with a hole-containing fixing plug near one end of the second piston cylinder, to generate viscous damping force when the damping medium passes through the small hole in the hole-containing fixing plug, to enhance energy dissipation.

[0007] Further, the hydraulic displacement amplifier system comprises two connecting structural members respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the hydraulic displacement amplifier, the connecting structural members are rod-shaped structures or plate-shaped structures, the front and rear parts of the left and right sides of the hydraulic displacement amplifier are respectively fixedly connected with the connecting structural members through the first connecting members and the second connecting members, the SMA cable system comprises two first stop blocks and two second stop blocks, the two first stop blocks are respectively fixedly connected with the front parts of the inner sides of the left and right connecting structural members, the two second stop blocks are respectively fixedly connected with the rear parts of the inner sides of the left and right connecting structural members, the left and right ends of the first end plate are respectively located on the front end faces of the left and right first stop blocks, and the left and right ends of the second end plate are respectively located on the rear end faces of the left and right second stop blocks.

[0008] Further, the connecting structural members are annular plate structures, the connecting structural members are sleeved on the outer sides of the hydraulic displacement amplifiers, the front and rear parts of the outer sides of the hydraulic displacement amplifiers are respectively fixedly connected with the connecting structural members through the first connecting members and the second connecting members, the SMA cable system comprises a plurality of first stop blocks and a plurality of second stop blocks, the plurality of first stop blocks are uniformly distributed on the front side of the inner circumferential part of the connecting structural member and are fixedly connected therewith, and the plurality of second stop blocks are uniformly distributed on the rear side of the inner circumferential part of the connecting structural member and are fixedly connected therewith, the rear end face of the first end plate is located on the front end face of the first stop block, and the front end face of the second end plate is located on the rear end face of the second stop block.

[0009] Further, the SMA cable system comprises a plurality of second top rods and a plurality of SMA cables, the rear ends of the plurality of second top rods are respectively connected with the second end plate, the front ends of the plurality of second top rods are respectively passed through the second end plate and abut against the rear end face of the top plate of the second connecting rod, and the plurality of SMA cables are uniformly distributed on the outer side part of the hydraulic displacement amplifier to uniformly tension the first end plate and the second end plate.

[0010] Further, the SMA cable system comprises a first sliding bearing and a second sliding bearing, the first sliding bearing cooperates with the first top rod to guide the movement of the first top rod with small friction, and the second sliding bearing cooperates with the second top rod to guide the movement of the second top rod with small friction.

[0011] Further, the first top rod front part has a thread and matches with a threaded hole on the first end plate; during assembly, the relative position relationship between the first top rod and the first end plate is adjusted by rotating the first top rod, at the same time, the first end plate is tightly abutted against the first stop block, and the first top rod is tightly abutted against the front end surface of the second connecting rod, and then the first top rod is fixedly connected with the first end plate through the first disc spring and the first nut; the second top rod rear part has a thread and matches with a threaded hole on the second end plate; during assembly, the relative position relationship between the second top rod and the second end plate is adjusted by rotating the second top rod, at the same time, the second end plate is tightly abutted against the second stop block, and the second top rod is tightly abutted against the rear end surface of the top plate of the second connecting rod, and then the second top rod is fixedly connected with the second end plate through the first disc spring and the first nut.

[0012] Further, the front and rear ends of the SMA cable pass through the first end plate and the second end plate respectively, and the front and rear ends of the SMA cable are locked between the first end plate and the second end plate through the second nut and the second disc spring.

[0013] Further, the first connecting rod rear end and the connecting structure front end are connected with the pier and the main beam respectively, or are connected with the main beam and the pier respectively.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1) The SMA cable can play a role no matter whether the relative motion of the pier and the main beam is towards or away from each other, the utilization efficiency of the SMA cable is improved, and the self-resetting function is provided, so that the post-earthquake bridge resetting measures are not needed, and the rapid recovery of the post-earthquake bridge function is facilitated.

[0016] 2) The displacement amplification function of the SMA cable is realized through the hydraulic displacement amplifier, the problems of large SMA cable length, large size of the shock absorption and energy dissipation device, and difficult transportation and installation of the device caused by the large deformation requirement are avoided, the device size can be effectively reduced, and the requirement of large structural deformation is met.

[0017] 3) The first connecting rod can only move in the first piston cylinder, and the piston of the second connecting rod can only move in the second piston cylinder, the limiting function of the device is realized, and the beam falling caused by excessive displacement is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a device structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 is a structure schematic diagram of a hydraulic displacement amplification system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 is a structure schematic diagram of an SMA cable system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the device in the initial state in an embodiment of the application;

[0022] Figure 5 is a working state diagram of the first connecting rod moving to the right relative to the connecting structure in an embodiment of the application;

[0023] Figure 6 is a working state diagram of the first connecting rod moving to the left relative to the connecting structure in an embodiment of the application;

[0024] In the figure: 1, first connecting rod; 11, first piston 2, connecting structure; 31, hydraulic displacement amplifier; 311, first piston cylinder; 312, second piston cylinder; 32, hole-containing fixed plug; 33, damping medium; 4, second connecting rod; 41, second piston 51, first connecting piece; 52, second connecting piece; 53, first stop block; 54, second stop block; 61, first jacking rod; 62, second jacking rod; 63, sliding bearing; 631, first sliding bearing; 632, second sliding bearing; 64, first end plate; 65, second end plate; 66, first disc spring; 67, first nut; 71, SMA cable; 72, second disc spring; 73, second nut; 81, first gap; 82, second gap; 83, third gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary in nature and is intended to provide further description of the application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0027] It is to be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments consistent with the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0028] As Figures 1-3As shown, the embodiment provides a displacement amplification type bridge damping energy dissipation device with self-resetting limiting function, comprising a hydraulic displacement amplification system and an SMA cable system; the hydraulic displacement amplification system comprises a hydraulic displacement amplifier 31, a first connecting rod 1, a first piston 11, a second connecting rod 4, a second piston 41 and a connecting structure 2; the hydraulic displacement amplifier 31 is composed of a first piston cylinder 311 and a second piston cylinder 312 in series with different cross-sectional areas, the first piston 11 is matched with the first piston cylinder 311 and is connected to the first connecting rod 1 at the back, the second piston 41 is matched with the second piston cylinder 312 and is connected to the second connecting rod 4 at the front, the second connecting rod 4 has a top plate at the front end, the first piston 11 and the second piston 41 are filled with a damping medium 33 therebetween, and the outer side of the hydraulic displacement amplifier 31 is fixedly connected with the connecting structure 2 through a plurality of connecting pieces; the SMA cable system comprises a first stop block 53, a second stop block 54, a first top rod 61, a second top rod 62, a first end plate 64, a second end plate 65 and an SMA cable 71; the first stop block 53 and the second stop block 54 are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the inner side of the connecting structure 2 respectively, the first end plate 64 and the second end plate 65 are respectively arranged on the first stop block 53 and the second stop block 54 and are connected through the SMA cable 71, the front end of the first top rod 61 is connected with the first end plate 64, the rear end penetrates through the first end plate 64 and abuts against the front end surface of the second connecting rod 4, and the rear end of the second top rod 62 is connected with the second end plate 65, and the front end penetrates through the second end plate 65 and abuts against the rear end surface of the top plate of the second connecting rod 4. When the device is applied, the rear end of the first connecting rod 1 and the front end of the connecting structure 2 can be respectively connected with a pier and a main beam, or respectively connected with a main beam and a pier.

[0029] In the embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the first piston cylinder 311 is smaller than that of the second piston cylinder 312, and the first piston cylinder 311 with a cross-sectional area S1 and the second piston cylinder 312 with a cross-sectional area S2 are connected in series and kept in communication. The one end of the first connecting rod 1 and the second connecting rod 4 close to the hydraulic displacement amplifier 31 is respectively located in the first piston cylinder 311 and the second piston cylinder 312 and is respectively connected with the first piston 11 and the second piston 41, the other end of the first connecting rod 1 penetrates out of the first piston cylinder 311 at the back, the other end of the second connecting rod 2 penetrates out of the second piston cylinder 312 at the front, and the two ends of the hydraulic displacement amplifier 31 at the back and the front have matching holes corresponding to the first connecting rod 1 and the second connecting rod 4 so that they penetrate out.

[0030] When the first connecting rod 1 moves in the first piston cylinder 311 or the second connecting rod 4 moves in the second piston cylinder 312, due to the effect of hydraulic pressure, the other connecting rod is driven to move in the same direction. Due to the different cross-sectional areas of the first piston cylinder 311 and the second piston cylinder 312, according to the principle that the volume of the damping medium is constant, the movement displacement d1 of the first connecting rod 1 and the movement displacement d2 of the second connecting rod 4 satisfy the following relationship:

[0031] d1 / d2 = S2 / S1

[0032] Since the cross-sectional area S1 is smaller than the cross-sectional area S2, the displacement d2 of the second link 4 is smaller than the displacement d1 of the first link 1, thus realizing the displacement amplification function of the second link 4.

[0033] Preferably, the hydraulic displacement amplifier 31 is designed such that the ratio of the length L1 of the first piston cylinder 311 to the length L2 of the second piston cylinder 312 is approximately S2 / S1.

[0034] In this embodiment, a perforated fixing plug 32 is provided inside the first piston cylinder 311 near the end of the second piston cylinder 312. When the first connecting rod 1 and the second connecting rod 4 move within the hydraulic displacement amplifier 31, the damping medium passes through the small hole in the perforated fixing plug 32, forming a viscous damping force and enhancing the energy dissipation effect. Through this design, the device achieves combined energy dissipation of viscous damping and SMA cable, improving the energy dissipation capacity of the structure, and the viscous damping does not negatively affect the self-resetting ability of the SMA cable.

[0035] In this device, the connecting structure 2 can be a rod-shaped structure, a plate-shaped structure, or a ring-shaped structure, and the cross-sectional shape of the ring-shaped structure can be a circle, a rectangle, or other shapes.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the hydraulic displacement amplification system includes two connecting structural members 2 respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the hydraulic displacement amplifier 31. The connecting structural members 2 are rod-shaped or plate-shaped structures. The front and rear parts of the left and right sides of the hydraulic displacement amplifier 31 are fixedly connected to the connecting structural members 2 through a first connecting member 51 and a second connecting member 52, respectively. The first connecting member 51 and the second connecting member 52 connect the connecting structural members 2 and the hydraulic displacement amplifier 31, making them a whole. During an earthquake, relative movement will occur between the first connecting rod 1 and the connecting structural member 2, and consequently, the first connecting rod 1 will move relative to the hydraulic displacement amplifier 31.

[0037] Correspondingly, the SMA cable system includes two first blocks 53, two second blocks 54, two second top rods 62 and two SMA cables 71. The two first blocks 53 are respectively fixedly connected to the front of the inner side of the left and right two connecting structure members, the two second blocks 54 are respectively fixedly connected to the rear of the inner side of the left and right two connecting structure members, the left and right two ends of the first end plate 64 are respectively abutted on the front end faces of the left and right two first blocks 53, and the left and right two ends of the second end plate 65 are respectively abutted on the rear end faces of the left and right two second blocks 54. The two second top rods 62 are respectively connected with the second end plate 65 at the rear ends and abut against the rear end faces of the left and right sides of the top plate of the second connecting rod 4 at the front ends. The two SMA cables 71 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the hydraulic displacement amplifier 31 to connect and tension the first end plate 64 and the second end plate 65 from the left and right sides.

[0038] In other embodiments of the application, the connecting structure member 2 can also be a ring-shaped plate structure, the connecting structure member 2 is sleeved outside the hydraulic displacement amplifier 31, and the front and rear of the outside of the hydraulic displacement amplifier 31 are fixedly connected with the connecting structure member 2 through a plurality of first connecting members 51 and a plurality of second connecting members 52. The first connecting member 51 and the second connecting member 52 can be a single ring-shaped connecting member or a plurality of connecting members uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.

[0039] Correspondingly, the SMA cable system includes two first blocks 53, two second blocks 54, two second top rods 62 and two SMA cables 71. The two first blocks 53 are respectively fixedly connected to the front of the inner side of the left and right two connecting structure members, the two second blocks 54 are respectively fixedly connected to the rear of the inner side of the left and right two connecting structure members, the left and right two ends of the first end plate 64 are respectively abutted on the front end faces of the left and right two first blocks 53, and the left and right two ends of the second end plate 65 are respectively abutted on the rear end faces of the left and right two second blocks 54. The two second top rods 62 are respectively connected with the second end plate 65 at the rear ends and abut against the rear end faces of the left and right sides of the top plate of the second connecting rod 4 at the front ends. The two SMA cables 71 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the hydraulic displacement amplifier 31 to connect and tension the first end plate 64 and the second end plate 65 from the left and right sides.

[0040] In order to guide the movement of the ejector rod and reduce the friction of the movement, the SMA cable system comprises a first sliding bearing 631 and a second sliding bearing 632, which are fixed to the connecting structure. The first sliding bearing 631 cooperates with the first ejector rod 61, which can move along the axial direction of the first sliding bearing 631, and the first sliding bearing 631 can guide the movement of the first ejector rod 61 and reduce the friction. The second sliding bearing 632 cooperates with the second ejector rod 62, which can move along the axial direction of the second sliding bearing 632, and the second sliding bearing 632 can guide the movement of the second ejector rod 62 and reduce the friction.

[0041] The front part of the first ejector rod 61 has threads and cooperates with the threaded hole on the first end plate 64; during assembly, the relative position relationship between the first ejector rod 61 and the first end plate 64 is adjusted by rotating the first ejector rod 61, at the same time, the first end plate 64 is tightly abutted against the first stop block 53, and the first ejector rod 61 is tightly abutted against the front end face of the second connecting rod 4 to cope with the manufacturing error; then the first ejector rod 61 is fixedly connected with the first end plate 64 through the first disc spring 66 and the first nut 67. The rear part of the second ejector rod 62 has threads and cooperates with the threaded hole on the second end plate 65; during assembly, the relative position relationship between the second ejector rod 62 and the second end plate 65 is adjusted by rotating the second ejector rod 62, at the same time, the second end plate 65 is tightly abutted against the second stop block 54, and the second ejector rod 62 is tightly abutted against the rear end face of the top plate of the second connecting rod 4 to cope with the manufacturing error; then the second ejector rod 62 is fixedly connected with the second end plate 65 through the first disc spring 66 and the first nut 67. The front and rear ends of the SMA cable 71 pass through the first end plate 64 and the second end plate 65 respectively, and the front and rear ends of the SMA cable 71 are locked between the first end plate 64 and the second end plate 65 through the second nut 73 and the second disc spring 72.

[0042] During assembly, the first ejector rod 61 passes through the corresponding matching hole of the first end plate 64 and then passes through the first sliding bearing 631, and is tightly abutted against the top plate of the second connecting rod 4. The first ejector rod 61 is fixed with the first end plate 64 through the first disc spring 66 and the first nut 67. The second ejector rod 62 passes through the corresponding matching hole of the second end plate 65 and then passes through the second sliding bearing 632, and is tightly abutted against the second connecting rod 4, and the second ejector rod 62 is fixed with the second end plate 65 through the first disc spring and the first nut. The first end plate 64 and the second end plate 65 are pulled tightly by the SMA cable 71, the two ends of the SMA cable 71 are provided with screw rods, and the two ends of the SMA cable 71 are fixed to the first end plate 64 and the second end plate 65 respectively through the second disc spring 72 and the second nut 73.

[0043] The hydraulic displacement amplifier 31 of the device is assembled with the first piston 11 in the middle position of the first piston cylinder 311 and the second piston 41 in the middle position of the second piston cylinder 312, realizing the bidirectional equal displacement capability. The first piston 11 can only move in the first piston cylinder 311, and the second piston 41 can only move in the second piston cylinder 312, realizing the limiting function of the device.

[0044] The SMA cable system of the device is established on the hydraulic displacement amplification system, and there are first gap 81, second gap 82 and third gap 83 between the hydraulic displacement amplification system and the SMA cable system (the first gap 81 is located between the first end plate 64, the second end plate 65 and the stop block 53, 54, the second gap 82 is located between the first top rod 61 and the second connecting rod 4, and the third gap 83 is located between the second top rod 62 and the top plate of the second connecting rod 4). In assembly:

[0045] 1) The first end plate 64 and the second end plate 65 are respectively close to the first stop block 53 and the second stop block 54 at both ends, so that the first gap 81 remains closed;

[0046] 2) The first top rod 61 is close to the second connecting rod 4, so that the second gap 82 between them remains closed, and the first top rod 61 is fixed to the first end plate 64;

[0047] 3) The second top rod 62 is close to the top plate of the second connecting rod 4, so that the third gap 83 between them remains closed, and the second top rod 63 is fixed to the second end plate 65;

[0048] 4) The SMA cable 71 is pulled tight, and the SMA cable 71 is fixed at both ends of the first end plate 64 and the second end plate 65.

[0049] Through the above assembly, the first gap 81, the second gap 82 and the third gap 83 remain closed in the initial state after assembly, and under the action of the earthquake, the gap can be separated, and the SMA provides a restoring force to promote the closure of the gap, realizing the self-resetting function. When the earthquake occurs, the first connecting rod 1 and the connecting structure 2 will move relatively. The SMA cable can work when the first connecting rod and the connecting structure move towards or away from each other.

[0050] In the initial working state of the device, the first gap 81, the second gap 82 and the third gap 83 are kept closed through the adjustment of the first nut 67 and the second nut 73, as shown in Figure 4 .

[0051] Case one: the first connecting rod 1 moves to the right relative to the connecting structure 2.

[0052] When the first connecting rod 1 moves to the right relative to the connecting structure 2, as shown in Figure 5As shown. Taking the first connecting rod 1 moving 30 cm to the right relative to the connecting structure 2 as an example, the first connecting rod 1 will move 30 cm to the right within the first piston cylinder 311. The damping medium 33 in the first piston cylinder 311 passes through the hole of the fixed plug 32 and enters the second piston cylinder 312, forming a damping force to consume seismic energy. At the same time, it pushes the second connecting rod 4 to move to the right. Taking the ratio of the cross-sectional area S1 of the first piston cylinder 311 to the cross-sectional area S2 of the second piston cylinder as 1:5, the second connecting rod 4 will move 6 cm to the right, realizing the displacement amplification function of the second connecting rod 4.

[0053] The second link 4 pushes the first push rod 61 to the right by 6 cm. The first push rod 61 then moves the first end plate 64 to the right by 6 cm. The second end plate 65, due to the action of the stop block 53, does not move relative to the first end plate. Therefore, the SMA cable stretches by 6 cm. If the length of the stretched section of the SMA cable is 1 m and the ultimate strain is 6%, then it reaches its limit. Without displacement amplification, the SMA cable will stretch by 30 cm, at which point it will break. To maintain normal operation of the SMA cable, a length of 30 cm / 6% = 5 m is required, significantly increasing the device size.

[0054] If the first connecting rod 1 moves to the right relative to the connecting structure 2, the first piston 11 will be blocked by the hole-fixed plug 32, and the second piston 41 will be blocked by the right wall of the hydraulic displacement amplifier 31, which will play a limiting role and prevent excessive displacement from causing the beam to fall.

[0055] At the end of the earthquake, if the position of the first link 1 relative to the connecting structural member 2 shifts to the right, such as Figure 5 As shown, the SMA cable pulls the first end plate 64 to the left, which in turn drives the second link 4 to the left. The hydraulic displacement amplifier pushes the first link 1 to the left until it returns to the initial position, thus achieving self-resetting.

[0056] Scenario 2: The first link 1 moves to the left relative to the connecting structure 2.

[0057] When the first link 1 moves to the left relative to the connecting structure 2, as Figure 6 As shown. Taking the first connecting rod 1 moving 30 cm to the left relative to the connecting structure 2 as an example, the first connecting rod 1 will move 30 cm to the left within the first piston cylinder 311. The damping medium 33 in the second piston cylinder 312 enters the first piston cylinder 311 through the hole of the fixed plug 32, forming a damping force to consume seismic energy. At the same time, it pushes the second connecting rod 4 to move to the left. Taking the ratio of the cross-sectional area S1 of the first piston cylinder 311 to the cross-sectional area S2 of the second piston cylinder as 1:5, the second connecting rod 4 will move 6 cm to the left, realizing the displacement amplification function of the second connecting rod 4.

[0058] The second link 4 will push the second top rod 62 to move 6 cm to the left, and the second end plate 65 will move 6 cm to the left, while the first end plate 64 will not move due to the block 53, so the SMA cable will be stretched 6 cm. Similarly, if the length of the SMA cable is 1 m and the ultimate strain is 6%, the SMA cable will reach the ultimate state. If there is no displacement amplification, the SMA cable will be stretched 30 cm, and in this case, the SMA cable will be broken. In order to keep the SMA cable working normally, the length of the SMA cable required is 30 cm / 6% = 5 m, which will greatly increase the size of the device.

[0059] If the first link 1 continuously moves to the left relative to the connecting structure 2, the first piston 11 will be blocked by the left wall of the hydraulic displacement amplifier 31, and the second piston 41 will be blocked by the left wall of the second piston cylinder 312, which serves as a limit to prevent the beam from falling due to excessive displacement.

[0060] When the earthquake action ends, if the position of the first link 1 relative to the connecting structure 2 moves to the left, as shown in Figure 6 , the SMA cable will pull the second end plate 65 to the right, and then drive the second link 4 to the right, and through the hydraulic displacement amplifier, the first link 1 will be pushed to the right until it returns to the initial position, realizing self-resetting.

[0061] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the form of the present application. Any skilled person in the art can modify or change the above disclosed technical content to equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments without departing from the technical solution of the present application, according to the technical essence of the present application, still belongs to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A displacement amplification type bridge shock absorption and energy dissipation device with self-resetting limiting function, characterized in that, The hydraulic displacement amplification system comprises a hydraulic displacement amplifier (31), a first connecting rod (1), a first piston (11), a second connecting rod (4), a second piston (41) and a connecting structure member (2); the hydraulic displacement amplifier (31) is composed of a first piston cylinder (311) and a second piston cylinder (312) in series with different cross-sectional areas, the first piston (11) is matched with the first piston cylinder (311) and is connected with the first connecting rod (1) rearward, the second piston (41) is matched with the second piston cylinder (312) and is connected with the second connecting rod (4) forward, the second connecting rod (4) has a top plate at the front end, the first piston (11) and the second piston (41) are filled with a damping medium (33) therebetween, and the outer side of the hydraulic displacement amplifier (31) is fixedly connected with the connecting structure member (2) through a plurality of connecting members; the SMA cable system comprises a first stop block (53), a second stop block (54), a first top rod (61), a second top rod (62), a first end plate (64), a second end plate (65) and a SMA cable (71); the first stop block (53) and the second stop block (54) are fixedly connected to the inner front and rear parts of the connecting structure member (2) respectively, the first end plate (64) and the second end plate (65) are arranged on the first stop block (53) and the second stop block (54) respectively and are connected through the SMA cable (71), the first top rod (61) is connected with the first end plate (64) at the front end and is abutted against the front end surface of the second connecting rod (4) at the rear end by penetrating through the first end plate (64), and the second top rod (62) is connected with the second end plate (65) at the rear end and is abutted against the rear end surface of the top plate of the second connecting rod (4) at the front end by penetrating through the second end plate (65).

2. The displacement amplification type bridge shock absorption and energy dissipation device with self-resetting limiting function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of the first piston cylinder (311) is smaller than that of the second piston cylinder (312), so that the displacement d2 of the second connecting rod (4) is smaller than the displacement d1 of the first connecting rod (1), and the displacement amplification function of the second connecting rod (4) is realized.

3. The displacement amplification type bridge shock absorption and energy dissipation device with self-resetting limiting function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first piston cylinder (311) is provided with a hole-containing fixing plug (32) at one end close to the second piston cylinder (312), so that viscous damping force is generated when the damping medium passes through the small hole in the hole-containing fixing plug (32), and energy dissipation is enhanced.

4. The displacement amplification type bridge shock absorption and energy dissipation device with self-resetting limiting function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic displacement amplification system comprises two connecting structural members (2) arranged on the left and right sides of the hydraulic displacement amplifier (31), the connecting structural members (2) are rod-shaped structures or plate-shaped structures, the front and rear parts of the left and right sides of the hydraulic displacement amplifier (31) are fixedly connected with the connecting structural members (2) through the first connecting members (51) and the second connecting members (52) respectively, the SMA cable system comprises two first stop blocks (53) and two second stop blocks (54), the two first stop blocks (53) are fixedly connected to the front parts of the inner sides of the left and right connecting structural members respectively, the two second stop blocks (54) are fixedly connected to the rear parts of the inner sides of the left and right connecting structural members respectively, the left and right ends of the first end plate (64) are arranged on the front end faces of the left and right first stop blocks (53) respectively, and the left and right ends of the second end plate (65) are arranged on the rear end faces of the left and right second stop blocks (54) respectively.

5. The displacement amplification type bridge shock absorbing and energy consuming device with self-resetting limiting function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting structural member (2) is a ring-shaped plate structure, the connecting structural member (2) is arranged on the outer side of the hydraulic displacement amplifier (31), the front and rear parts of the outer side of the hydraulic displacement amplifier (31) are fixedly connected with the connecting structural member (2) through the first connecting members (51) and the second connecting members (52) respectively, the SMA cable system comprises a plurality of first stop blocks (53) and a plurality of second stop blocks (54), the plurality of first stop blocks (53) are arranged on the front side of the inner circumferential part of the connecting structural member and fixedly connected thereto, and the plurality of second stop blocks (54) are arranged on the rear side of the inner circumferential part of the connecting structural member and fixedly connected thereto, the rear end face of the first end plate (64) is arranged on the front end face of the first stop block (53), and the front end face of the second end plate (65) is arranged on the rear end face of the second stop block (54).

6. The displacement amplification type bridge shock absorbing and energy consuming device with self-resetting limiting function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The SMA cable system comprises a plurality of second top rods (62) and a plurality of SMA cables (71), the rear ends of the plurality of second top rods (62) are connected with the second end plate (65) respectively, the front ends of the plurality of second top rods (62) pass through the second end plate (65) and abut against the rear end face of the top plate of the second connecting rod (4) respectively, and the plurality of SMA cables (71) are arranged on the outer side of the hydraulic displacement amplifier (31) to uniformly tension the first end plate (64) and the second end plate (65).

7. The displacement amplification type bridge shock absorbing and energy consuming device with self-resetting limiting function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The SMA cable system comprises a first sliding bearing (631) and a second sliding bearing (632), the first sliding bearing (631) cooperates with the first top rod (61) to guide the movement of the first top rod (61) and reduce friction, and the second sliding bearing (632) cooperates with the second top rod (62) to guide the movement of the second top rod (62) and reduce friction.

8. The displacement amplification type bridge shock absorbing and energy consuming device with self-resetting limiting function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first top rod (61) has a thread on the front part and cooperates with a threaded hole on the first end plate (64); during assembly, the relative position of the first top rod (61) and the first end plate (64) is adjusted by rotating the first top rod (61), and at the same time, the first end plate (64) is tightly abutted against the first stop block (53), and the first top rod (61) is tightly abutted against the front end surface of the second connecting rod (4), and then the first top rod (61) is fixedly connected with the first end plate (64) through the first disc spring (66) and the first nut (67); the second top rod (62) has a thread on the rear part and cooperates with a threaded hole on the second end plate (65); during assembly, the relative position of the second top rod (62) and the second end plate (65) is adjusted by rotating the second top rod (62), and at the same time, the second end plate (65) is tightly abutted against the second stop block (54), and the second top rod (62) is tightly abutted against the rear end surface of the top plate of the second connecting rod (4), and then the second top rod (62) is fixedly connected with the second end plate (65) through the first disc spring (66) and the first nut (67).

9. The displacement amplification type bridge shock absorbing and energy consuming device with self-resetting limiting function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front and rear ends of the SMA cable (71) pass through the first end plate (64) and the second end plate (65) respectively, and the front and rear ends of the SMA cable (71) are locked between the first end plate (64) and the second end plate (65) through the second nut (73) and the second disc spring (72).

10. The displacement amplification type bridge shock absorbing and energy consuming device with self-resetting limiting function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear end of the first connecting rod (1) and the front end of the connecting structure member (2) are connected with the pier and the main beam respectively, or are connected with the main beam and the pier respectively.

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