An automatic board laying machine

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of board automatic laying machine, including frame body, engine, first gear, second gear, third gear, fourth gear, telescopic rod and support wedge, wheel shaft is installed in the transverse direction of frame body, and tire is installed at the both ends of wheel shaft respectively;Bearing is installed in the longitudinal direction of frame body;Engine gear is engaged with first gear, drives wheel shaft to rotate, realizes the walking of machine;Second gear is coaxially fixedly connected with driving wheel shaft, third gear is coaxially fixedly connected with bearing, second gear is engaged with third gear, drives bearing to rotate;Fourth gear is four groups, respectively distributed in the end of two bearings, and coaxially fixedly connected with bearing, fourth gear and telescopic rod, support wedge one to one, the extension and retraction of telescopic rod is controlled by the rotation of fourth gear, in turn, the state of support wedge is controlled, and the board supported on support wedge is turned down, and board laying is completed.The present application realizes the automatic laying of board in the walking process of machine by the cooperation of multiple gears.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to an automatic board laying machine. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, precast floor slabs have gradually replaced cast-in-place floor slabs in construction projects, symbolizing a new trend towards prefabricated industrialization in the construction industry. Among these, precast concrete (PK) slabs are a commonly used type of precast floor slab. PK slabs are typically 2.5m wide, 2-6m long, and weigh 0.4-0.9 tons per slab. Due to their weight, they cannot be manually handled and are currently installed piece by piece using cranes, resulting in relatively low installation efficiency. Furthermore, the complex construction environment at building sites makes cranes susceptible to interference from temporary structures, creating blind spots that hinder PK slab installation.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide an automatic board laying machine that can automatically complete the laying of boards one by one is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an automatic board laying machine to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an automatic board laying machine, including a frame, an engine, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a fourth gear, a telescopic rod, and a support wedge.

[0006] The frame is equipped with two parallel axles arranged horizontally, and tires are installed at both ends of the axles; the frame is also equipped with two parallel bearings arranged vertically, and the bearings are connected to the axles via axle sleeve assembly.

[0007] The engine gear of the engine meshes with the first gear. The axle is divided into a driving axle and a driven axle. The first gear is fixedly connected to the driving axle. The engine drives the driving axle to rotate, thereby driving the driven axle to rotate.

[0008] The second gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to the drive wheel shaft, and the third gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to the bearing. The second gear meshes with the third gear.

[0009] The fourth gear consists of four sets, distributed at the ends of the two bearings and fixedly connected to the bearings coaxially. The fourth gear corresponds one-to-one with the telescopic rod and the support wedge. The fourth gear meshes with one end of the telescopic rod, and the other end of the telescopic rod corresponds to the position of the support wedge. The rotation of the fourth gear controls the telescopic rod's extension and retraction.

[0010] The support wedge is hinged to the frame. The extended state of the telescopic rod corresponds to the upward flipping state of the support wedge, at which time the board is supported on the support wedge. The retracted state of the telescopic rod corresponds to the downward flipping state of the support wedge, at which time the board slides off the support wedge, completing the board laying.

[0011] Preferably, multiple of the plates are stacked on the support wedge.

[0012] Preferably, the second gear is provided with a plurality of fixed teeth and a plurality of movable teeth in a circumferential arrangement. Each movable tooth is retracted into the inner ring by a spring. A slider that can slide circumferentially is installed on the inner ring. When the slider is located below the movable tooth, the corresponding movable tooth is pushed out.

[0013] Preferably, the angle between two adjacent movable teeth, two adjacent fixed teeth, and between the fixed teeth and the movable teeth in the second gear is θ.

[0014] Preferably, the inner ring side of the second gear is marked with multiple graduations at equal intervals, and the graduations correspond to the lengths of different plates.

[0015] Preferably, the second gear is provided with a first spring wedge.

[0016] Preferably, a second spring wedge is mounted on the third gear.

[0017] Preferably, the fourth gear includes a serrated portion and a smooth portion in the circumferential direction, and the serrated portion of the fourth gear extends at 60° in the circumferential direction.

[0018] Preferably, each set of fourth gears includes two fourth gears with serrations spaced 60° apart.

[0019] Preferably, a sleeve is installed on the frame, and the telescopic rod extends out of the sleeve.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the automatic board laying machine provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. This invention, through the design of a reasonable gear set, enables the machine to automatically complete the laying of the panels piece by piece while moving on the structural beam reinforcement, thereby improving the efficiency and safety of panel installation.

[0022] 2. The present invention can change the working range of the second gear by adjusting the position of the slider in the second gear, so that the board laying machine can be used to lay boards of different lengths. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a plan view of an automatic board laying machine according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the bearing and the axle in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the engagement of the engine, the first gear, and the second gear in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third gear in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the engagement of the third gear and the second gear in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth gear in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the engagement of the fourth gear, the telescopic rod, and the support wedge in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figures 8a to 8c This is a schematic diagram of the working process of an automatic board laying machine in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 01-plate, 02-top surface of main beam, 03-frame; 10-frame body, 11-axle, 12-tire, 13-bearing, 14-axle sleeve assembly, 20-engine, 21-engine gear, 22-engine fixing rod, 30-first gear, 40-second gear, 41-fixed tooth, 42-moving tooth, 43-spring, 44-slider, 45-first spring wedge, 50-third gear, 51-second spring wedge, 52-wedge fixing rod, 60A, 60B-fourth gear, 61A, 61B-serrated part, 62-smooth part, 70A, 70B-telescopic rod, 71-sleeve, 72-connecting rod, 80A, 80B-support wedge. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To illustrate the technical solutions of the invention in more detail, specific embodiments are listed below to demonstrate the technical effects; it should be emphasized that these embodiments are used to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.

[0033] The automatic board laying machine provided by this invention, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, it includes a frame 10, an engine 20, a first gear 30, a second gear 40, a third gear 50, a fourth gear 60, a telescopic rod 70, and a support wedge 80, wherein:

[0034] Please refer to this carefully. Figure 1The frame 10 has two parallel axles 11 installed laterally, with tires 12 installed at both ends of each axle 11. The four tires 12 are placed on the top surface 02 of the main beam, jointly driving the automatic plate laying machine to move on the structural beam or horizontal reinforcing bars. The frame 10 also has two parallel bearings 13 installed longitudinally. The bearings 13 are connected to the axles 11 via axle sleeve assemblies 14. Specifically, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, the wheel axle sleeve assembly 14 includes two sets of sleeves with a height difference, one sleeve for being passed through by the wheel axle 11 and the other sleeve for being passed through by the bearing 13, and the two sleeves are connected by a vertical connecting rod.

[0035] Please refer to this carefully. Figure 1 and Figure 3 The housing of the engine 20 is mounted on the wheel axle sleeve assembly 14 via the engine fixing rod 22. The engine gear 21 (i.e., the output end of the engine) of the engine 20 meshes with the first gear 30. The wheel axle 11 can be divided into a driving wheel axle and a driven wheel axle. The first gear 30 is fixedly connected to the driving wheel axle. The engine 20 drives the driving wheel axle to rotate, thereby driving the driven wheel axle to rotate. Similarly, the tire 12 connected to the driving wheel axle is the driving tire, and the tire 12 connected to the driven wheel axle is the driven tire, thereby using the engine 20 to provide walking power for the machine.

[0036] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 1 and Figure 3 The second gear 40 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the drive shaft, and the third gear 50 is fixedly connected to the bearing 13. The second gear 40 and the third gear 50 mesh. Of course, the second gear 40 and the third gear 50 are bevel gears to complete the rotational transmission of the vertically arranged shaft 11 and bearing 13.

[0037] Please refer to this carefully. Figure 1 and Figure 7 The fourth gear 60 consists of four sets, distributed at the ends of the two bearings 13 and coaxially fixedly connected to them. Each fourth gear 60 corresponds to one of the telescopic rod 70 and the support wedge 80 to support and tilt the plate 01. Specifically, one end of the fourth gear 60 meshes with one end of the telescopic rod 70, and the other end of the telescopic rod 70 corresponds to the position of the support wedge 80. The rotation of the fourth gear 60 controls the reciprocating extension and retraction of the telescopic rod 70.

[0038] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 6 and Figure 7The support wedge 80 is hinged to the frame 10. The extended state of the telescopic rod 70 corresponds to the upward flipping state of the support wedge 80, at which time the plate 01 is supported on the support wedge 80. The retracted state of the telescopic rod 70 corresponds to the downward flipping state of the support wedge 80, at which time the plate 01 can slide from the support wedge 80 onto the rack 03, completing the laying of the plate 01.

[0039] This invention, through the design of a reasonable gear set, enables the machine to automatically complete the laying of each sheet of material 01 while moving on the structural beam, thereby improving the efficiency and safety of sheet installation.

[0040] In some embodiments, please refer to the following: Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 Multiple plates 01 are stacked on the support wedge 80, and the periodic movement of the support wedge 80 is used to complete the automated continuous lowering of multiple plates 01.

[0041] In some embodiments, please refer to the following: Figure 4 The second gear 40 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of fixed teeth 41 and a plurality of movable teeth 42. Each movable tooth 42 is retracted into the inner ring by a spring 43. A slider 44 that can slide circumferentially is installed on the inner ring. When the slider 44 is below the movable tooth 42, the corresponding movable tooth 42 is pushed out. Thus, the slider 44 controls the number of movable teeth 42 that are extended, thereby controlling the working range of the second gear 40, that is, the meshing stroke of the second gear 40 and the third gear 50. Within the working range of the second gear 40, the third gear 50 can be driven to rotate, which in turn drives the bearing 13 to rotate. Within the non-working range of the second gear 40, the movement of the machine will not drive the bearing 13 to rotate, nor will it cause any change in the state of the support wedge 80.

[0042] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 4 In the second gear 40, the angle between two adjacent movable teeth 42, two adjacent fixed teeth 41, and between the fixed teeth 41 and the movable teeth 42 is θ, so that the movable teeth 42 can smoothly transition with the fixed teeth 41 after being ejected, and play the same meshing role as the fixed teeth 41.

[0043] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 4The inner ring side of the second gear 40 is marked with multiple graduations B1, B2, B3... at equal intervals, and these graduations correspond to the lengths of different sheet materials 01. Thus, by selecting the graduations B1, B2, B3..., the number of teeth 42 that are ejected is selected. That is, when the slider 44 slides to a certain position, its end aligns with the corresponding graduation, allowing for a direct visual determination of the effective stroke of the second gear 40. By adjusting the position of the slider 44 within the second gear 40, the number of working teeth of the variable gear is changed, enabling the sheet material laying machine to be suitable for laying sheet materials 01 of various lengths.

[0044] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 4 The second gear 40 is equipped with a first spring wedge 45, which provides one-way locking to the slider 44 to prevent it from reversing. In some embodiments, please refer to... Figure 3 A second spring wedge 51 is installed on the third gear 50, and the second spring wedge 51 is fixed to the wheel axle sleeve assembly 14 by a wedge fixing rod 52.

[0045] In some embodiments, please refer to the following: Figure 6 The fourth gear 60 includes a serrated portion 61 and a smooth portion 62 in the circumferential direction. The serrated portion 61 of the fourth gear 60 has a range of 60° in the circumferential direction. That is, the fourth gear 60 will only drive the telescopic rod 70 to extend or retract when the serrated portion 61 meshes with the telescopic rod 70. When the smooth portion 62 corresponds to the telescopic rod 70, the position of the telescopic rod 70 remains unchanged. At this time, the tire 12 moves forward and the support wedge 80 remains in its current state.

[0046] In some embodiments, please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 Each group of fourth gears 60 includes two fourth gears 60 with serrated portions 61 spaced 60° apart. For ease of distinction and description, the two fourth gears 60 in the same group are labeled as fourth gear 60A and fourth gear 60B, respectively, and the corresponding serrated portions 61 are serrated portions 61A and serrated portions 61B, thereby controlling the extension and retraction of telescopic rods 70A and 70B, and subsequently controlling the flipping of support wedges 80A and 80B. In this way, the support wedges 80 can be flipped down in stages, allowing for precise control of the area below the board 01, preventing the board 01 from falling directly and causing damage or affecting the laying accuracy of the board 01.

[0047] Additionally, it should be noted that the serrated portions 61 of the four fourth gears 60 located on the same side of the direction of travel are spaced 60° apart in pairs, controlling the four support wedges 80 to flip down in sequence, so that the plate 01 carried on them is laid at an angle from the end where the driving wheel shaft is located to the end where the driven wheel shaft is located, ensuring that the plate 01 falls stably and accurately; after the fourth gear 60 rotates one revolution (360°), the control of the four support wedges 80 to flip down in sequence is repeated to place the next plate 01, completing the continuous laying.

[0048] In some embodiments, please refer to the following: Figure 6 and Figure 7 The telescopic rod 70 has two parallel racks at one end that meshes with the serrated part 61. The fourth gear 60 is sandwiched between the two racks. When the serrated part 61 meshes with the upper rack, it pulls the telescopic rod 70 back; when the serrated part 61 meshes with the lower rack, it pushes the telescopic rod 70 out. In this way, one rotation of the fourth gear 60 completes one extension / retraction cycle of the telescopic rod 70.

[0049] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The frame 10 is equipped with a sleeve 71. Specifically, the sleeve 71 is connected to the frame 10 through a connecting rod 72. The telescopic rod 70 can pass through the sleeve 71. The sleeve 71 is used to support and limit the telescopic rod 70 to ensure the stability of the telescopic rod 70 during the extension and retraction process.

[0050] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The cross-section of the support wedge 80 is triangular, with one vertex hinged to the frame 10. The support wedge 80 is supported by the telescopic rod 70, which enables the support wedge 80 to be flipped, thereby supporting and lowering the plate 01.

[0051] The kinematic relationships of each gear and telescopic rod 70 are described below:

[0052] The travel of the telescopic rod 70 is L, and the horizontal projection length of the rotating support wedge 80 is L; the radii of the two sets of fourth gears 60A and 60B are R1, and the travel is 2L; the radius of the third gear 50 is R2, and the travel is 2L; the second gear 40 is a variable gear with a radius of R3 and a travel of L+πR1. The angular interval between the teeth (including fixed teeth 41 and movable teeth 42) is θ, and the number of fixed teeth 41 is n (n can be any integer). The sides of the gears are marked with graduations B1, B2, B3... at equal intervals, and the graduation values ​​represent the lengths of different board materials 01; by adjusting the slider 44 to different graduation positions, the number of working variable gears (including fixed teeth 41 and ejected movable teeth 42) can be changed, and the length of the board material 01 that the machine can automatically lay also changes accordingly. The graduation values ​​are calculated using the following formula:

[0053]

[0054] In the formula: Bi is the scale on the side of the second gear 40, n is the number of fixed teeth 41, θ is the angular interval of the teeth; R3 is the radius of the second gear 40; L is the stroke of the telescopic rod 70; R2 is the radius of the third gear 50; R1 is the radius of the fourth gear 60; R0 is the radius of the tire 12.

[0055] In this way, the slider 44 can be adjusted to the corresponding scale position according to the length of the board 01, so as to lay boards 01 of different sizes.

[0056] Please refer to this carefully. Figures 8a to 8c The support wedge 80 has three working states:

[0057] State 1 as Figure 8a As shown, telescopic rods 70A and 70B respectively press against support wedges 80A and 80B. At this time, plate 01 is supported by support wedges 80A and 80B.

[0058] State 2 as Figure 8b As shown, the telescopic rod 70A retracts, the support wedge 80A flips down, and the telescopic rod 70B presses against the support wedge 80B. At this time, the plate 01 is supported by the support wedge 80B.

[0059] State 3 as Figure 8c As shown, telescopic rods 70A and 70B retract, support wedges 80A and 80B flip down, and plate 01 is unsupported and lowered into place.

[0060] Specifically, the process of laying board 01 using the automatic board laying machine of the present invention is as follows:

[0061] S1: After the structural beam reinforcement is tied, the machine of the present invention is placed on the top surface 02 of the horizontal reinforcement or the main beam after pouring. Multiple plates 01 are stacked on the support wedges 80. At this time, the support wedges 80A in the same group of support wedges 80 are in the upward state, and the support wedges 80B in the B group are in the downward state. The plates 01 are supported by the support wedges 80A.

[0062] S2: Assuming the length of plate 01 is b, slide slider 44 to a mark equal to b. Assuming B1 = b, slide slider 44 to mark B1. At this time, a certain number of movable teeth 42 on the second gear 40 are pushed out by slider 44 and can mesh with the third gear 50, thereby driving the third gear 50 to rotate.

[0063] S3: Start engine 20, the machine begins to move forward on the top surface 02 of the main beam.

[0064] S4: Distance the machine travels forward The telescopic rod 70A retracts a distance L, at which point the support wedge 80A flips from an upward to a downward position. At this point, the plate 01 is unsupported, and the bottommost plate 01 detaches from the machine onto the frame 03, completing the laying of the first bottom plate 01. Simultaneously, the telescopic rod 70B prepares to extend outward, approaching the support wedge 80B, which prepares to change from a downward to an upward position.

[0065] S5: The machine moves forward another distance S1, the telescopic rod 70B extends outward a distance L, and the support wedge 80B flips from a downward position to an upward position. The support wedge 80B supports the second bottom plate 01. At this time, the fixed tooth 41 on the second gear 40 and the movable tooth 42 pushed out by the slider 44 are both disengaged from the third gear 50, and the machine's forward movement no longer causes the third gear 50 to rotate.

[0066] S6: The machine continues to travel forward a distance S2 = b - 2 × S1. At this point, the total travel of the machine is b, which is the length of one board 01. The machine travels from the laying point of the first board 01 to the laying point of the second board 01. The second gear 40 rotates once, and the fixed tooth 41 and the movable tooth 42 mesh with the third gear 50 again, which can drive the third gear 50 to rotate again. Then, the above steps S4 and S5 can be repeated to complete the laying of the second board 01.

[0067] S7: Repeat steps S4 to S6 to complete the continuous automated laying of multiple boards 01 stacked on the machine.

[0068] In summary, the automatic board laying machine provided by the present invention includes a frame 10, an engine 20, a first gear 30, a second gear 40, a third gear 50, a fourth gear 60, a telescopic rod 70, and a support wedge 80. Two parallel axles 11 are horizontally mounted on the frame 10, with tires 12 mounted at both ends of each axle 11. Two parallel bearings 13 are vertically mounted on the frame 10, and the bearings 13 are connected to the axles 11 via axle sleeve assemblies 14. The engine gear 21 of the engine 20 meshes with the first gear 30. The axles 11 can be divided into a driving axle and a driven axle. The first gear 30 is fixedly connected to the driving axle, and the engine 20 drives the driving axle to rotate, thereby rotating the driven axle. The second gear 40 is coaxially fixedly connected to the driving axle, and the third gear 50 is connected to the bearings 13. The second gear 40 is fixedly connected to the third gear 50. Four sets of fourth gears 60 are distributed at the ends of the two bearings 13 and are coaxially fixedly connected to them. Each fourth gear 60 corresponds to a telescopic rod 70 and a support wedge 80. One end of the fourth gear 60 meshes with the telescopic rod 70, and the other end of the telescopic rod 70 corresponds to the position of the support wedge 80. The rotation of the fourth gear 60 controls the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod 70. The support wedge 80 is hinged to the frame 10. The extended state of the telescopic rod 70 corresponds to the upward-folding state of the support wedge 80, at which time the plate 01 is supported on the support wedge 80. The retracted state of the telescopic rod 70 corresponds to the downward-folding state of the support wedge 80, at which time the plate 01 can slide from the support wedge 80 onto the frame 03, completing the laying of the plate 01. This invention, through the design of a reasonable gear set, enables the machine to automatically complete the laying of each sheet of material 01 while moving on the structural beam, thereby improving the efficiency and safety of sheet installation.

[0069] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of the invention and their equivalents, the invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An automatic board laying machine, characterized in that, Includes the frame, engine, first gear, second gear, third gear, fourth gear, telescopic rod, and support wedge. The frame is equipped with two parallel axles arranged horizontally, and tires are installed at both ends of the axles; the frame is also equipped with two parallel bearings arranged vertically, and the bearings are connected to the axles via axle sleeve assembly. The engine gear of the engine meshes with the first gear. The axle is divided into a driving axle and a driven axle. The first gear is fixedly connected to the driving axle. The engine drives the driving axle to rotate, thereby driving the driven axle to rotate. The second gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to the drive wheel shaft, and the third gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to the bearing. The second gear meshes with the third gear. The fourth gear consists of four sets, distributed at the ends of the two bearings and coaxially fixedly connected to them. Each fourth gear corresponds one-to-one with the telescopic rod and the supporting wedge. One end of the fourth gear meshes with the telescopic rod, and the other end of the telescopic rod corresponds to the position of the supporting wedge. The rotation of the fourth gear controls the telescopic rod's reciprocating extension and retraction. The fourth gear has a circumferential portion including a serrated section and a smooth section. The serrated section of the fourth gear extends 60° upwards. Each set of fourth gears includes two fourth gears with serrated sections spaced 60° apart. The support wedge is hinged to the frame. The extended state of the telescopic rod corresponds to the upward flipping state of the support wedge, at which time the board is supported on the support wedge. The retracted state of the telescopic rod corresponds to the downward flipping state of the support wedge, at which time the board slides off the support wedge, completing the board laying.

2. The automatic board laying machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple of the aforementioned plates are stacked on the support wedge.

3. The automatic board laying machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second gear has a number of fixed teeth and a number of movable teeth arranged in a circumferential direction. Each movable tooth is retracted into the inner ring by a spring. A slider that can slide in a circumferential direction is installed on the inner ring. When the slider is below the movable tooth, the corresponding movable tooth is pushed out.

4. The automatic board laying machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In the second gear, the angle between two adjacent movable teeth, two adjacent fixed teeth, and between fixed teeth and movable teeth is θ.

5. The automatic board laying machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The inner ring side of the second gear is marked with multiple graduations at equal intervals, and the graduations correspond to the lengths of different plates.

6. The automatic board laying machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The second gear is equipped with a first spring wedge.

7. The automatic board laying machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A second spring wedge is mounted on the third gear.

8. The automatic board laying machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A sleeve is installed on the frame, and the telescopic rod extends out of the sleeve.

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