An adaptive drilling stepless speed regulation system

Abstract

The application provides a self-adaptive drilling stepless speed regulation system, characterized in that the system comprises a drilling machine full-speed feeding circuit, a drilling machine self-adaptive feeding circuit, a drilling machine slow-speed feeding circuit and a drilling machine fast return circuit; the four circuits share an oil cylinder, a load-sensitive multi-way valve, a hydraulic control reversing valve and a sequence valve, and a set of hydraulic pumps, motors and oil tanks for feeding and returning oil; the load-sensitive multi-way valve is used to switch the extension and retraction states of the oil cylinder; the hydraulic control reversing valve is used to switch to the drilling machine self-adaptive feeding circuit and the drilling machine slow-speed feeding circuit, and realize the bypass variable throttling function; the sequence valve is used to realize the connection of the four circuits according to the drilling pressure; the application realizes the drilling speed regulation under various working conditions by switching different oil circuits, does not involve sensors and control programs and can realize self-adaptive stepless speed regulation, reduces the maintenance cost, effectively protects the drill bit and drill rod, and improves the drilling efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, and in particular to a self-adaptive drilling stepless speed regulation system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of downhole anchor rod support, the drilling pressure in the supporting process is constantly changing because the hardness of coal and rock changes nonlinearly. The existing anchor rod support drilling rig is driven by hydraulic pressure, and the drilling pressure and drilling speed are coupled. When the coal and rock hardness is small, the drilling pressure is small, and if the drilling speed is small at this time, the supporting efficiency will be affected. When the coal and rock hardness is large, the drilling pressure is large, and if the drilling speed is large at this time, the drill rod or drill bit will be damaged, and even the safety of the operator may be threatened. At the same time, the cutting force and the advancing force generated by the rotary pressure and the feed pressure in the drilling process are also coupled, that is, only appropriate cutting force and advancing force can improve the drilling efficiency.

[0003] In the current working environment, the control of the drilling pressure is manually controlled by the operator, that is, the speed regulating valve is manually adjusted according to the drilling pressure, so as to adjust the drilling speed. For workers who are not familiar with the equipment, they often do not adjust the drilling speed according to the coal and rock of different hardness, but directly use the maximum rotary speed and the maximum feed speed, which may cause the drill rod to be damaged with a probability as high as 90%.

[0004] Currently, some adaptive drilling methods proposed by some scholars have some problems: 1. Some adaptive drilling methods need to use machine learning methods to find the optimal rotary and feed speed, which cannot be implemented on an industrial programmable logic controller (PLC), and need to be equipped with an additional central processing unit (CPU) and software, which is complex to implement, time-consuming, and its timeliness depends on the performance of the processor. 2. Some adaptive drilling methods do not consider the influence of rotary pressure on feed speed, but only consider the influence of feed pressure on feed speed, and the adaptive degree is not high. 3. Some adaptive drilling methods need to rely on program control, such as pure hydraulic handle control, which may still cause damage to the drill rod and drill bit due to misoperation. 4. Some adaptive drilling methods set 2 or 3 speed levels in the program, which is stepless speed regulation, not stepless speed regulation. 5. The adaptive drilling regulation needs to be controlled within a certain boundary range, not the whole process adaptive drilling regulation. Therefore, it is urgent to provide a system that can realize self-adaptive stepless speed regulation without sensors and control programs. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a self-adaptive drilling stepless speed regulation system.

[0006] The present disclosure provides a self-adaptive drilling stepless speed regulation system, comprising: a drilling machine full-speed feeding circuit, a drilling machine self-adaptive feeding circuit, a drilling machine slow-speed feeding circuit and a drilling machine fast-return circuit; and a common oil cylinder, a load-sensitive multi-way valve, a hydraulic control reversing valve and a sequence valve, and a set of hydraulic pumps, motors and oil tanks for feeding and returning oil; the load-sensitive multi-way valve is used to switch the extension and retraction state of the oil cylinder; the hydraulic control reversing valve is used to switch to the drilling machine self-adaptive feeding circuit and the drilling machine slow-speed feeding circuit, and realize the function of bypass variable throttling; the sequence valve is used to realize the connection of the drilling machine full-speed feeding circuit, the drilling machine self-adaptive feeding circuit, the drilling machine slow-speed feeding circuit and the drilling machine fast-return circuit according to the drilling pressure; the load-sensitive multi-way valve is switched to the oil cylinder extension state, and the drilling machine is in the drilling state; when the drilling pressure is less than the first control pressure, the sequence valve is cut off, the drilling machine full-speed feeding circuit is connected, and the corresponding drilling machine state is full-speed feeding and small feeding force; when the drilling pressure is greater than the first control pressure and less than the second control pressure, the sequence valve is opened, the hydraulic control reversing valve adaptively adjusts the spool opening degree according to the drilling pressure, the drilling machine self-adaptive feeding circuit is connected, and the corresponding drilling machine state is self-adaptive speed regulation feeding and the feeding speed is less than the speed when the full-speed feeding is smaller; when the drilling pressure is greater than, or, equal to the second control pressure, the sequence valve is opened, the spool opening degree of the hydraulic control reversing valve is maximum, the drilling machine slow-speed feeding circuit is connected, and the corresponding drilling machine state is slow-speed feeding and the feeding speed is less than the maximum speed when the self-adaptive speed regulation feeding is smaller; when the drilling is completed and the load-sensitive multi-way valve is switched to the oil cylinder retraction state, the pressure of the sequence valve oil inlet end is less than the first control pressure, the sequence valve is cut off, the drilling machine fast-return circuit is connected, and due to the area difference of the two cavities of the oil cylinder, the retraction speed of the oil cylinder is greater than the speed when the full-speed feeding is smaller, and the corresponding drilling machine working state is fast return.

[0007] Optionally, when the pressure of the control end of the hydraulic control reversing valve is between the third control pressure and the fourth control pressure, the opening degree of the spool of the hydraulic control reversing valve is between the minimum opening degree and the maximum opening degree, and the corresponding drilling machine self-adaptive feeding circuit is connected; when the pressure of the control end of the hydraulic control reversing valve is greater than, or, equal to the fourth control pressure, the opening degree of the spool of the hydraulic control reversing valve is at the maximum opening degree, and the corresponding drilling machine slow-speed feeding circuit is connected; the third control pressure is the first control pressure after equal ratio reduction, and the fourth control pressure is the second control pressure after equal ratio reduction.

[0008] Optionally, it further comprises: a pressure reducing valve and a relief valve; the pressure reducing valve is used to convert the first control pressure and the second control pressure into the third control pressure and the fourth control pressure of the control end of the hydraulic control reversing valve; and the relief valve is used to realize the pressure protection of the pilot control oil liquid of the hydraulic control reversing valve.

[0009] Optionally, the shuttle valve is used to combine the drilling machine feeding pressure and the drilling machine rotating pressure, and take the maximum value of the two as the drilling pressure transmitted to the control end of the hydraulic pump.

[0010] Optionally, the A2 port of the oil cylinder is in communication with the A3 port of the hydraulic control reversing valve, the A1 port of the load sensing multi-way valve, the B2 port of the oil cylinder is in communication with the B1 port of the load sensing multi-way valve, the X1 port of the hydraulic control reversing valve is in communication with the B5 port of the pressure reducing valve, the B3 port and the X2 port of the hydraulic control reversing valve are in communication with the oil tank, the P1 port of the load sensing multi-way valve is in communication with the P port of the hydraulic pump, the R1 port of the load sensing multi-way valve is in communication with the oil tank, the A6 port of the sequence valve is in communication with the X3 port of the hydraulic pump, the L2 port of the sequence valve is in communication with the oil tank, the A5 port of the pressure reducing valve is in communication with the B6 port of the sequence valve, the L1 port of the pressure reducing valve is in communication with the oil tank, the C port and the L port of the hydraulic pump are in communication with the oil tank, the B4 port of the overflow valve is in communication with the oil tank, and the A4 port of the overflow valve is in communication with the X1 port of the hydraulic control reversing valve.

[0011] Optionally, the C1 port of the shuttle valve is in communication with the LS port of the load sensing multi-way valve, the C3 port of the shuttle valve is in communication with the A6 port of the sequence valve, the C2 port of the shuttle valve is in communication with the drilling machine rotating pressure X4, and the motor is connected with the hydraulic pump.

[0012] Optionally, the full-speed feeding circuit of the drilling machine is that when the drilling pressure is less than the first control pressure, the sequence valve is cut off, the control end X1 port of the hydraulic control reversing valve has no hydraulic oil pressure, the hydraulic control reversing valve spool is cut off, at this time, the hydraulic oil directly flows into the A2 port of the oil cylinder through the A1 port of the load sensing multi-way valve, the back oil of the oil cylinder flows into the load sensing multi-way valve from the B2 port through the B1 port, and finally flows back to the oil tank from the R1 port, thereby forming the full-speed feeding circuit of the drilling machine, and the state of the drilling machine is fast feeding and small feeding force.

[0013] Optionally, the self-adaptive feeding circuit of the drilling machine is that when the drilling pressure is greater than the first control pressure and less than the second control pressure, the sequence valve is opened, the hydraulic oil flows into the sequence valve from the A6 port and flows out from the B6 port, and then the drilling pressure is converted into the control end pressure of the hydraulic control reversing valve through the pressure reducing valve, the converted hydraulic oil pressure is between the third control pressure and the fourth control pressure, the control end X1 of the hydraulic control reversing valve receives the converted hydraulic oil pressure, the hydraulic control reversing valve spool is opened, at this time, the pressure oil flows out from the A1 port of the load sensing multi-way valve, according to the opening degree of the hydraulic control reversing valve spool, the pressure oil is divided into two parts, one part directly flows into the A2 port of the oil cylinder, and the back oil flows out from the B2 port, flows back to the oil tank through the B1 port and the R1 port, the other part flows into the hydraulic control reversing valve through the A3 port, and then flows into the oil tank from the B3 port, thereby forming the self-adaptive feeding circuit of the drilling machine, at this time, the state of the drilling machine is self-adaptive speed regulating feeding and the feeding speed is less than the speed when the full-speed feeding.

[0014] Optionally, the drilling machine slow feeding circuit is: when the drilling pressure is greater than or equal to the second control pressure, the sequence valve is opened, the hydraulic oil flows into the sequence valve from the A6 port and flows out from the B6 port, then the drilling pressure is converted into the control end pressure of the hydraulic control reversing valve through the pressure reducing valve, the converted hydraulic oil pressure is greater than the fourth control pressure, the spool opening of the hydraulic control reversing valve is always kept maximum, at this time, the pressure oil flows out from the A1 port of the load sensing multi-way valve, part of the pressure oil directly flows into the A2 port of the oil cylinder, the back oil flows out from the B2 port, flows back to the tank through the B1 port and the R1 port, the other part of the pressure oil flows into the hydraulic control reversing valve through the A3 port and then flows into the tank from the B3 port, thereby forming the drilling machine slow feeding circuit, and the working state of the drilling machine is slow feeding and the feeding speed is less than the speed when the self-adaptive speed regulation feeding is performed.

[0015] Optionally, the drilling machine fast retracting circuit is: when the drilling is completed and the load sensing multi-way valve is switched to the oil cylinder retracting state, the sequence valve is cut off, and the hydraulic control reversing valve remains in the initial state, the pressure oil enters the B2 port of the oil cylinder through the B1 port of the load sensing multi-way valve, the back oil flows out from the A2 port, flows back to the tank through the A1 port and the R1 port, thereby forming the drilling machine fast retracting circuit, and due to the area difference between the two cavities of the oil cylinder, the retracting speed of the oil cylinder is greater than the speed when the full speed feeding is performed, and the working state of the drilling machine is fast retracting.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has the following advantages:

[0017] The application provides a self-adaptive drilling stepless speed regulation system, comprising a drilling machine full-speed feeding circuit, a drilling machine self-adaptive feeding circuit, a drilling machine slow-speed feeding circuit and a drilling machine fast return circuit; and the four circuits share an oil cylinder, a load-sensitive multi-way valve, a hydraulic control reversing valve and a sequence valve, and a set of hydraulic pumps, motors and oil tanks for feeding and returning oil; the load-sensitive multi-way valve is used to switch the oil cylinder between the extended and retracted states; the hydraulic control reversing valve is used to switch to the drilling machine self-adaptive feeding circuit and the drilling machine slow-speed feeding circuit, and realize the function of bypass variable throttling; the sequence valve is used to realize the connection of the drilling machine full-speed feeding circuit, the drilling machine self-adaptive feeding circuit, the drilling machine slow-speed feeding circuit and the drilling machine fast return circuit according to the drilling pressure; the load-sensitive multi-way valve is switched to the extended state of the oil cylinder, and the drilling machine is in the drilling state; when the drilling pressure is less than the first control pressure, the sequence valve is cut off, the drilling machine full-speed feeding circuit is connected, and the corresponding drilling machine state is full-speed feeding and small feeding force; when the drilling pressure is greater than the first control pressure and less than the second control pressure, the sequence valve is opened, the hydraulic control reversing valve self-adaptively adjusts the spool opening degree according to the drilling pressure, the drilling machine self-adaptive feeding circuit is connected, and the corresponding drilling machine state is self-adaptive speed regulation feeding and the feeding speed is less than the speed when the full-speed feeding is smaller; when the drilling pressure is greater than or equal to the second control pressure, the sequence valve is opened, the spool opening degree of the hydraulic control reversing valve is maximum, the drilling machine slow-speed feeding circuit is connected, and the corresponding drilling machine state is slow-speed feeding and the feeding speed is less than the maximum speed when the self-adaptive speed regulation feeding is smaller; when the drilling is completed and the load-sensitive multi-way valve is switched to the retracted state of the oil cylinder, the pressure of the oil inlet end of the sequence valve is less than the first control pressure, the sequence valve is cut off, the drilling machine fast return circuit is connected, and due to the area difference of the two cavities of the oil cylinder, the retraction speed of the oil cylinder is greater than the speed when the full-speed feeding is smaller, and the corresponding working state of the drilling machine is fast return. The application realizes the drilling speed regulation in various working conditions by switching different oil circuits, does not involve sensors and control programs, can realize self-adaptive stepless speed regulation, reduces the maintenance cost, effectively protects the drill bit and drill rod, and improves the drilling efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or the prior art, the accompanying drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without any creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 The self-adaptive drilling stepless speed regulation system of the embodiments of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0021] In the figure: 1 - oil cylinder; 2 - hydraulic control reversing valve; 3 - load sensitive multi-way valve; 4 - overflow valve; 5 - pressure reducing valve; 6 - sequence valve; 7 - hydraulic pump; 8 - motor; 9 - shuttle valve; 10 - oil tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] With reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0023] It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of the present application are only used to understand and read the disclosed content by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the defined conditions for the implementation of the present application, so they do not have technical substantive significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present application, should fall within the scope of the disclosed technical content of the present application. It should be noted that in the present specification, relationship terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity from another entity, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between the entities.

[0024] The present application provides an embodiment:

[0025] As Figure 1As shown, an adaptive drilling stepless speed regulation system comprises a drilling machine full-speed feeding circuit, a drilling machine adaptive feeding circuit, a drilling machine slow-speed feeding circuit, and a drilling machine fast retreat return circuit; and the four circuits share a cylinder 1, a load-sensitive multi-way valve 3, a hydraulic control reversing valve 2, and a sequence valve 6, as well as a set of hydraulic pumps 7, motors 8, and an oil tank 10 for oil feeding and returning; the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3 is used to switch the cylinder 1 to an extended or retracted state; the hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is used to switch to the drilling machine adaptive feeding circuit and the drilling machine slow-speed feeding circuit to realize the function of bypass variable throttling; the sequence valve 6 is used to connect the drilling machine full-speed feeding circuit, the drilling machine adaptive feeding circuit, the drilling machine slow-speed feeding circuit, and the drilling machine fast retreat return circuit according to the drilling pressure; the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3 is switched to the extended state of the cylinder 1, and the drilling machine is in a drilling state; when the drilling pressure is less than a first control pressure, the sequence valve 6 is cut off, the drilling machine full-speed feeding circuit is connected, and the corresponding drilling machine state is full-speed feeding with a small feeding force; when the drilling pressure is greater than the first control pressure and less than a second control pressure, the sequence valve 6 is opened, the hydraulic control reversing valve 2 adaptively adjusts the spool opening degree according to the drilling pressure, the drilling machine adaptive feeding circuit is connected, and the corresponding drilling machine state is adaptive speed regulation feeding with a speed less than the speed during full-speed feeding; when the drilling pressure is greater than or equal to the second control pressure, the sequence valve 6 is opened, the spool opening degree of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is maximum, the drilling machine slow-speed feeding circuit is connected, and the corresponding drilling machine state is slow-speed feeding with a speed less than the maximum speed during adaptive speed regulation feeding; when the drilling is completed and the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3 is switched to the retracted state of the cylinder 1, the pressure at the oil inlet end of the sequence valve 6 is less than the first control pressure, the sequence valve 6 is cut off, the drilling machine fast retreat return circuit is connected, and due to the area difference between the two cavities of the cylinder 1, the retraction speed of the cylinder 1 is greater than the speed during full-speed feeding, and the corresponding drilling machine working state is fast retreat.

[0026] In this embodiment, it also includes a pressure reducing valve 5 and a relief valve 4; the pressure reducing valve 5 is used to convert the first control pressure and the second control pressure into a third control pressure and a fourth control pressure at the control end of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2; and the relief valve 4 is used to realize pressure protection of the pilot control oil of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2.

[0027] In this embodiment, it also includes a shuttle valve 9; the shuttle valve 9 is used to collect the drilling machine feeding pressure and the drilling machine rotation pressure, and take the maximum value of the two as the drilling pressure to be transmitted to the control end of the hydraulic pump 7.

[0028] In this embodiment, the A2 port of the oil cylinder 1 is communicated with the A3 port of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2 and the A1 port of the load sensing multi-way valve 3 through a rubber tube, the B2 port of the oil cylinder 1 is communicated with the B1 port of the load sensing multi-way valve 3 through a rubber tube, the X1 port of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is communicated with the B5 port of the pressure reducing valve 5 through a rubber tube, the B3 port and the X2 port of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2 are communicated with the oil tank 10 through rubber tubes, the P1 port of the load sensing multi-way valve 3 is communicated with the P port of the hydraulic pump 7 through a rubber tube, the R1 port of the load sensing multi-way valve 3 is communicated with the oil tank 10 through a rubber tube, the A6 port of the sequence valve 6 is communicated with the X3 port of the hydraulic pump 7 through a rubber tube, the L2 port of the sequence valve 6 is communicated with the oil tank 10 through a rubber tube, the A5 port of the pressure reducing valve 5 is communicated with the B6 port of the sequence valve 6 through a rubber tube, the L1 port of the pressure reducing valve 5 is communicated with the oil tank 10 through a rubber tube, the C port and the L port of the hydraulic pump 7 are communicated with the oil tank 10 through rubber tubes, the B4 port of the overflow valve 4 is communicated with the oil tank 10 through a rubber tube, and the A4 port of the overflow valve 4 is communicated with the X1 port of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2 through a rubber tube.

[0029] In this embodiment, the C1 port of the shuttle valve 9 is communicated with the LS port of the load sensing multi-way valve 3 through a rubber tube, the C3 port of the shuttle valve 9 is communicated with the A6 port of the sequence valve 6 through a rubber tube, the C2 port of the shuttle valve 9 is communicated with the drilling rig rotating pressure X4 through a rubber tube, and the motor 8 and the hydraulic pump 7 are connected through a shaft coupling.

[0030] In this embodiment, when the pressure at the control end of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is between the third control pressure and the fourth control pressure, the opening degree of the valve core of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is between the minimum opening degree and the maximum opening degree, and the drilling rig self-adaptive feeding circuit is connected; when the pressure at the control end of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is greater than or equal to the fourth control pressure, the opening degree of the valve core of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is at the maximum opening degree, and the drilling rig slow feeding circuit is connected; the third control pressure is the first control pressure after equal-ratio reduction, and the fourth control pressure is the second control pressure after equal-ratio reduction.

[0031] In this embodiment, the drilling rig full-speed feeding circuit is as follows: when the drilling pressure is less than the first control pressure, the sequence valve 6 is cut off, then the X1 port of the control end of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2 has no hydraulic oil pressure, the valve core of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is cut off, at this time, the hydraulic oil directly flows into the A2 port of the oil cylinder 1 through the A1 port of the load sensing multi-way valve 3, the back oil of the oil cylinder 1 flows into the load sensing multi-way valve 3 through the B2 port and the B1 port, and finally flows back to the oil tank 10 through the R1 port, thereby forming the drilling rig full-speed feeding circuit, and the drilling rig is in the state of fast feeding and small feeding force.

[0032] In this embodiment, the drilling rig adaptive feed circuit is as follows: When the drilling pressure is greater than the first control pressure and less than the second control pressure, the sequence valve 6 opens, and hydraulic oil flows into the sequence valve 6 from port A6 and flows out from port B6. Then, the drilling pressure is converted into the control end pressure of the hydraulic directional valve 2 through the pressure reducing valve 5. The converted hydraulic oil pressure is between the third control pressure and the fourth control pressure. The control end X1 of the hydraulic directional valve 2 receives the converted hydraulic oil pressure, and the valve core of the hydraulic directional valve 2 opens. At this time, the pressure oil flows out from port A1 of the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3. Depending on the opening degree of the valve core of the hydraulic directional valve 2, the pressure oil is divided into two parts. One part flows directly into port A2 of the cylinder 1, and the return oil flows out from B2, flows back to the oil tank 10 through port B1 and port R1. The other part flows into the hydraulic directional valve 2 through port A3, and then flows into the oil tank 10 from port B3, thus forming the drilling rig adaptive feed circuit. At this time, the drilling rig is in adaptive speed regulation feed mode and the feed speed is less than the speed when feeding at full speed.

[0033] In this embodiment, the slow feed circuit of the drilling rig is as follows: When the drilling pressure is greater than or equal to the second control pressure, the sequence valve 6 opens, and hydraulic oil flows into the sequence valve 6 from port A6 and flows out from port B6. Then, the drilling pressure is converted into the control end pressure of the hydraulic directional valve 2 through the pressure reducing valve 5. The converted hydraulic oil pressure is greater than the fourth control pressure, and the valve core opening of the hydraulic directional valve 2 is always kept at the maximum. At this time, the pressure oil flows out from port A1 of the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3. Part of it flows directly into port A2 of the cylinder 1, and the return oil flows out from B2, flows back to the oil tank 10 through port B1 and port R1. The other part flows into the hydraulic directional valve 2 through port A3, and then flows into the oil tank 10 from port B3, thus forming the slow feed circuit of the drilling rig. The drilling rig is in a slow feed state and the feed speed is less than the speed when the adaptive speed regulation feed is used.

[0034] In this embodiment, the drilling rig's rapid retraction circuit is as follows: when drilling is completed and the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3 switches to the retraction state of cylinder 1, the sequence valve 6 is shut off, while the hydraulic control directional valve 2 remains in its initial state. The pressurized oil enters the B2 port of cylinder 1 through the B1 port of the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3, and the return oil flows out from the A2 port, then flows back to the oil tank 10 through the A1 port and the R1 port, thus forming the drilling rig's rapid retraction circuit. Due to the area difference between the two chambers of cylinder 1, the retraction speed of cylinder 1 is greater than the speed at full feed, and the drilling rig's working state is rapid retraction.

[0035] Working principle:

[0036] Firstly, according to Figure 1 The schematic diagram is used to build the system, while ensuring that there are no abnormalities such as leakage. X4 is connected to the drilling rig's drilling pressure system. The rotation pressure is collected into C2 through X4 port. The shuttle valve 9 collects the drilling rotation pressure and the drilling rig feed pressure into the X3 of the hydraulic pump 7.

[0037] When starting drilling, the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3 is switched to the left position, and the oil cylinder 1 is in the extended state, i.e. the oil tank 10 feeding stage. At this time, the hydraulic pump 7 pumps oil from the oil tank 10, and the hydraulic oil enters the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3 from the P1 port, flows out from the A1 port, enters the oil cylinder 1 from the A2 port, returns from the B2 port, flows into the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3 from the B1 port, and flows back to the oil tank 10 from the R1 port.

[0038] When the drilling pressure is small, i.e. the feedback pressure of the LS port of the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3 is less than the first control pressure, and the drilling pressure of the X3 port of the hydraulic pump 7 is less than the minimum pressure threshold for the spool movement of the sequence valve 6, the sequence valve 6 is closed, the control end of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2 cannot receive hydraulic oil pressure, i.e. the X1 pressure of the control end of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is 0, so the spool of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is closed. At this time, the hydraulic oil flows out from the A1 port of the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3, flows into the oil cylinder 1 from the A2 port, returns from the B2 port, flows into the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3 from the B1 port, and flows back to the oil tank 10 from the R1 port, thus forming a full-speed feeding circuit of the drilling machine, and the drilling machine is in the full-speed feeding stage with small feeding force, i.e. small load of the drilling, and the drilling machine is in the maximum power drilling, thus achieving the maximum drilling efficiency.

[0039] When the drilling pressure is large, i.e. the feedback pressure of the LS port of the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3 is greater than the first control pressure and less than the second control pressure, and the drilling pressure of the X3 port of the hydraulic pump 7 is greater than the minimum pressure threshold for the spool movement of the sequence valve 6, the sequence valve 6 is opened, the hydraulic oil enters the sequence valve 6 from the A6 port, then flows out from the B6 port, enters the pressure reducing valve 5 from the A5 port, the pressure reducing valve 5 adjusts the hydraulic oil pressure to be greater than the third control pressure and less than the fourth control pressure, then flows out from the B5 port, and finally reaches the X1 port of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2, thereby controlling the opening degree of the spool of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2. At this time, the hydraulic oil flows out from the A1 port of the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3, part of it flows into the oil cylinder 1 from the A2 port, returns from the B2 port, flows into the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3 from the B1 port, and flows back to the oil tank 10 from the R1 port, and the other part flows into the hydraulic oil from the A3 port according to the opening degree of the spool of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2, and finally flows back to the oil tank 10 from the B3 port. At this time, an adaptive feeding circuit of the drilling machine is formed, and the adaptive stepless speed regulation of the drilling machine is realized between the first control pressure and the second control pressure according to the change of the opening degree of the spool of the hydraulic control reversing valve 2. The state of the drilling machine is adaptive speed regulation feeding, and the feeding speed is smaller than the speed when the drilling machine is in the full-speed feeding stage.

[0040] When the drilling pressure is high, i.e., the feedback pressure at the LS port of the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3 is greater than the second control pressure, and the drilling pressure at the X3 port of the hydraulic pump 7 is greater than the minimum pressure threshold for the movement of the valve core of the sequence valve 6, then the sequence valve 6 opens. Hydraulic oil enters the sequence valve 6 from A6, then flows out from B6, enters the pressure reducing valve 5 through A5, and the pressure reducing valve 5 adjusts the hydraulic oil pressure to be greater than the fourth control pressure. The oil then flows out through B5 and finally reaches the X1 port of the hydraulically controlled directional valve 2. When valve 2 is kept at its maximum opening, hydraulic oil flows out from port A1 of the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3. Part of the hydraulic oil flows into cylinder 1 from port A2, and the return oil flows out from port B2, flows into the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3 from port B1, and flows back to tank 10 from port R1. The other part flows into hydraulic oil through port A3 and finally flows back to tank 10 through port B3, forming a slow feed circuit for the drilling rig, i.e., a bypass throttling speed control circuit. The drilling rig is in a slow feed state and the feed speed is less than the maximum speed when using adaptive speed control feed.

[0041] When drilling ends, the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3 switches to the right position, causing cylinder 1 to enter the retracted state, i.e., the retraction stage of oil tank 10. At this time, hydraulic pump 7 draws oil from oil tank 10, and the hydraulic oil enters the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3 through port P1, flows out through port B1, flows into cylinder 1 through port B2, and returns through port A2, flows into the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3 through port A1, and flows back to oil tank 10 through port R1. At this time, there is an area difference between the rod chamber corresponding to B2 and the rodless chamber corresponding to A2. Therefore, the retraction speed of cylinder 1 is greater than the speed at full feed, corresponding to the drilling rig's working state of rapid retraction. Since the oil inlet of cylinder 1 does not pass through port A3, the opening state of the hydraulic control directional valve 2 has no effect on the retraction speed of cylinder 1.

[0042] In this embodiment, the hydraulically controlled directional valve 2 is a hydraulically controlled proportional directional valve, and the control pressure at its control end is 0.5MPa (at the start of the valve core stroke) to 1.8MPa (at the maximum opening position of the valve core), and the maximum allowable pressure is 5MPa. This invention is not limited to this.

[0043] In this embodiment, the pressure reducing valve 5 is a proportional pressure reducing valve 5 with a pressure reduction ratio of 0.1, meaning that when the hydraulic oil pressure at end A5 is 5 MPa, the hydraulic oil pressure at end B5 is 0.5 MPa. In this invention, the pressure reduction ratio is set to 0.1, corresponding to the control pressure range of the hydraulic directional valve 2, i.e., the maximum pressure after pressure reduction is 1.8 MPa. The effective range of adaptive speed regulation is between drilling pressures of 5 MPa and 18 MPa, corresponding to the minimum and maximum opening of the valve core of the hydraulic directional valve 2, i.e., the maximum and minimum feed speeds. This invention is not limited to this.

[0044] In this embodiment, the hydraulic pump 7 is a load-sensitive hydraulic pump 7, whose pressure changes according to the drilling pressure, and its output pressure range is 7MPa-20MPa.

[0045] In this embodiment, the pressure protection of the overflow valve 4 does not exceed 5MPa.

[0046] In this embodiment, under actual working conditions, the hardness of coal and rock is very low below 5MPa. Therefore, the minimum pressure threshold of the sequence valve 6 is 5MPa. When the drilling pressure is greater than 5MPa, the drilling speed is adjusted adaptively. When the drilling pressure is less than 5MPa, the drilling rig is pushed forward at the maximum speed to ensure drilling efficiency.

[0047] In this embodiment, the first control pressure is 5 MPa, the second control pressure is 18 MPa, the third control pressure is 0.5 MPa, and the fourth control pressure is 1.8 MPa.

[0048] In this embodiment, the load-sensitive multi-way valve 3 can also be replaced by a switching valve with load-sensitive function or a hydraulic valve group with load feedback function designed and assembled by the user. The present invention is not limited thereto.

[0049] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An adaptive borehole drilling stepless speed regulation system, characterized in that, include: The drilling rig has a full-speed feed circuit, an adaptive feed circuit, a slow feed circuit, and a fast return circuit; and the four circuits share a cylinder (1), a load-sensitive multi-way valve (3), a hydraulic control directional valve (2), a sequence valve (6), a set of hydraulic pumps (7), a motor (8), and an oil tank (10) for oil inlet and outlet. The load-sensitive multi-way valve (3) is used to switch the extension and retraction states of the hydraulic cylinder (1); the hydraulic control directional valve (2) is used to switch to the drilling rig adaptive feed circuit and the drilling rig slow feed circuit to realize the bypass variable throttling function; the sequence valve (6) is used to connect the drilling rig full-speed feed circuit, the drilling rig adaptive feed circuit, the drilling rig slow feed circuit and the drilling rig rapid return circuit according to the drilling pressure. When the load-sensitive multi-way valve (3) switches to the extended state of the cylinder (1), the drilling rig is in the drilling state. When the drilling pressure is less than the first control pressure, the sequence valve (6) is closed, the full-speed feed circuit of the drilling rig is connected, and the corresponding drilling rig state is full-speed feed with low feed force. When the drilling pressure is greater than the first control pressure and less than the second control pressure, the sequence valve (6) is opened, the hydraulic control directional valve (2) adjusts the valve core opening according to the drilling pressure, the adaptive feed circuit of the drilling rig is connected, and the corresponding drilling rig state is adaptive speed-adjusted feed with feed speed less than the speed when full-speed feed. When the drilling pressure is greater than, or equal to, the second control pressure, the sequence valve (6) is opened, the valve core opening of the hydraulic control directional valve (2) is at its maximum, the slow feed circuit of the drilling rig is connected, and the corresponding drilling rig state is slow feed with feed speed less than the maximum speed when adaptive speed-adjusted feed. When drilling is completed and the load-sensitive multi-way valve (3) switches to the retracted state of the cylinder (1), the oil inlet pressure of the sequence valve (6) is less than the first control pressure, the sequence valve (6) is cut off, and the drilling rig's rapid retraction circuit is connected. Due to the area difference between the two chambers of the cylinder (1), the retraction speed of the cylinder (1) is greater than the speed when feeding at full speed, and the corresponding working state of the drilling rig is rapid retraction.

2. The adaptive drilling stepless speed regulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: When the pressure at the control end of the hydraulic directional valve (2) is between the third control pressure and the fourth control pressure, the valve core opening of the hydraulic directional valve (2) is between the minimum opening and the maximum opening, and the corresponding drilling rig adaptive feed circuit is turned on. When the pressure at the control end of the hydraulic directional valve (2) is greater than or equal to the fourth control pressure, the valve core of the hydraulic directional valve (2) is at its maximum opening, and the corresponding drilling rig slow feed circuit is connected. The third control pressure is the first control pressure after being proportionally reduced, and the fourth control pressure is the second control pressure after being proportionally reduced.

3. The adaptive drilling stepless speed regulation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: Pressure reducing valve (5), relief valve (4); The pressure reducing valve (5) is used to convert the first control pressure and the second control pressure into the third control pressure and the fourth control pressure at the control end of the hydraulic directional valve (2). The overflow valve (4) is used to realize the pressure protection of the pilot control oil of the hydraulic directional valve (2).

4. The adaptive drilling stepless speed regulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Shuttle valve (9); The shuttle valve (9) is used to combine the drilling rig feed pressure and the drilling rig rotation pressure, and take the maximum value of the two as the drilling pressure to transmit to the control end of the hydraulic pump (7).

5. The adaptive drilling stepless speed regulation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The A2 port of the hydraulic cylinder (1) is connected to the A3 port of the hydraulic directional valve (2) and the A1 port of the load-sensitive multi-way valve (3). The B2 port of the hydraulic cylinder (1) is connected to the B1 port of the load-sensitive multi-way valve (3). The X1 port of the hydraulic directional valve (2) is connected to the B5 port of the pressure reducing valve (5). The B3 and X2 ports of the hydraulic directional valve (2) are both connected to the oil tank (10). The P1 port of the load-sensitive multi-way valve (3) is connected to the P port of the hydraulic pump (7). The R1 port of the load-sensitive multi-way valve (3) is connected to the oil tank. (10) Connect the A6 port of the sequence valve (6) to the X3 port of the hydraulic pump (7), connect the L2 port of the sequence valve (6) to the oil tank (10), connect the A5 port of the pressure reducing valve (5) to the B6 port of the sequence valve (6), connect the L1 port of the pressure reducing valve (5) to the oil tank (10), connect the C port and L port of the hydraulic pump (7) to the oil tank (10), connect the B4 port of the relief valve (4) to the oil tank (10), and connect the A4 port of the relief valve (4) to the X1 port of the hydraulic control directional valve (2).

6. The adaptive drilling stepless speed regulation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The C1 port of the shuttle valve (9) is connected to the LS port of the load-sensitive multi-way valve (3), the C3 port of the shuttle valve (9) is connected to the A6 port of the sequence valve (6), the C2 port of the shuttle valve (9) is connected to the drilling rig rotation pressure X4, and the motor (8) and the hydraulic pump (7) are connected.

7. The adaptive drilling stepless speed regulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The full-speed feed circuit of the drilling rig is as follows: When the drilling pressure is less than the first control pressure, the sequence valve (6) is cut off, and there is no hydraulic oil pressure at the control end X1 port of the hydraulic directional valve (2). The valve core of the hydraulic directional valve (2) is cut off. At this time, the hydraulic oil flows directly into the A2 port of the cylinder (1) through the A1 port of the load-sensitive multi-way valve (3). The return oil from the cylinder (1) flows into the load-sensitive multi-way valve (3) through the B2 port and the B1 port, and finally flows back to the oil tank (10) through the R1 port, forming the full-speed feed circuit of the drilling rig. The drilling rig is in a state of rapid feed and small feed force.

8. The adaptive drilling stepless speed regulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling rig adaptive feed circuit is as follows: When the drilling pressure is greater than the first control pressure and less than the second control pressure, the sequence valve (6) opens, and hydraulic oil flows into the sequence valve (6) from port A6 and out from port B6. Then, the drilling pressure is converted into the control pressure of the hydraulic directional valve (2) by the pressure reducing valve (5). The converted hydraulic oil pressure is between the third and fourth control pressures. The control terminal X1 of the hydraulic directional valve (2) receives the converted hydraulic oil pressure, and the valve core of the hydraulic directional valve (2) opens. At this time, the pressure oil... The oil flows out from port A1 of the load-sensitive multi-way valve (3). Depending on the opening degree of the valve core of the hydraulic directional valve (2), the pressure oil is divided into two parts. One part flows directly into port A2 of the cylinder (1), and the return oil flows out from port B2, then flows back to the oil tank (10) through port B1 and port R1. The other part flows into the hydraulic directional valve (2) through port A3, and then flows into the oil tank (10) through port B3, thus forming the drilling rig adaptive feed circuit. At this time, the drilling rig is in adaptive speed regulation feed and the feed speed is less than the speed when feeding at full speed.

9. The adaptive drilling stepless speed regulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling rig slow feed circuit is as follows: When the drilling pressure is greater than or equal to the second control pressure, the sequence valve (6) opens, and the hydraulic oil flows into the sequence valve (6) from port A6 and flows out from port B6. Then, the drilling pressure is converted into the control end pressure of the hydraulic directional valve (2) through the pressure reducing valve (5). The converted hydraulic oil pressure is greater than the fourth control pressure, and the valve core opening of the hydraulic directional valve (2) is always kept at the maximum. At this time, the pressure oil flows out from port A1 of the load-sensitive multi-way valve (3), part of which flows directly into port A2 of the oil cylinder (1), and the return oil flows out from port B2 and flows back to the oil tank (10) through port B1 and port R1. The other part flows into the hydraulic directional valve (2) through port A3 and then flows into the oil tank (10) through port B3, forming a slow feed circuit for the drilling rig. The drilling rig is in a slow feed state and the feed speed is less than the speed when the adaptive speed regulation feed is applied.

10. The adaptive drilling stepless speed regulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling rig rapid retraction circuit is as follows: When drilling is completed and the load-sensitive multi-way valve (3) switches to the retracted state of the cylinder (1), the sequence valve (6) is shut off, and the hydraulic control directional valve (2) remains in its initial state. The pressure oil enters the B2 port of the cylinder (1) through the B1 port of the load-sensitive multi-way valve (3), and the return oil flows out from the A2 port and flows back to the oil tank (10) through the A1 port and the R1 port, forming a rapid retraction circuit for the drilling rig. Due to the area difference between the two chambers of the cylinder (1), the retraction speed of the cylinder (1) is greater than the speed when it is fed at full speed. The working state of the drilling rig is rapid retraction.

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