Hydrogen energy storage combined heat and power system and control method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a hydrogen energy storage combined heat and power system and a control method thereof. The system includes a heat exchange medium circulation loop, on which a fuel cell mechanism, an electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism, a solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism, and a waste heat heating mechanism are sequentially arranged in series. In the energy storage state, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop releases heat and cools down from the waste heat heating mechanism, then flows to the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism and the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism in sequence to absorb heat, and then flows to the fuel cell mechanism and the waste heat heating mechanism in sequence to release heat after absorbing heat; in the energy supply state, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop releases heat and cools down from the waste heat heating mechanism, then flows to the fuel cell mechanism to absorb heat, and then flows to the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism in sequence to release heat after absorbing heat. The present invention can achieve complementary cooling and heating requirements of the fuel cell mechanism, the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism, and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism, reduce energy loss of the system, improve efficiency, and achieve spatiotemporal transfer of electricity and heat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen energy storage technology, and in particular to a hydrogen energy storage cogeneration system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Renewable energy plays an irreplaceable role in mitigating global climate change and achieving sustainable development. In scenarios with a high proportion of renewable energy, the demand for energy storage will continue to grow. Hydrogen energy storage, as a long-term, large-scale energy storage option, can store and transfer renewable energy across seasons and spaces, compared to electrochemical energy storage. It is key to accommodating wind and solar power and stabilizing the power grid. Furthermore, hydrogen, as a clean energy source, offers zero emissions and pollution, high energy density, and a wide range of applications. Regarding power transmission, on the load side, there is a lack of million-kilowatt energy storage products with discharge times of 4 to 20 hours. Distributed hydrogen energy storage is a well-suited solution for this energy storage demand range. It can be coupled with distributed renewable energy sources such as distributed photovoltaics to alleviate the long-term imbalance between distributed photovoltaic output and the electricity load of industrial and commercial users, providing them with low-cost electricity and heat.

[0003] Hydrogen energy storage involves producing hydrogen through water electrolysis, which is then stored and used to generate electricity through hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells, achieving both energy storage and transfer. Hydrogen energy storage involves multiple conversion steps, resulting in energy losses at each stage: the electrolyzer, hydrogen storage, and fuel cell. The round-trip electrical efficiency is only 32.7%, constraining the development of hydrogen energy storage systems and necessitating an urgent need to improve their efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen energy storage cogeneration system and a control method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems of large energy loss and low efficiency of the current hydrogen energy storage system.

[0005] The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a hydrogen energy storage combined heat and power system, comprising a heat exchange medium circulation loop, wherein a fuel cell mechanism, an electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism, a solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism and a waste heat heating mechanism are sequentially arranged in series on the heat exchange medium circulation loop, the fuel cell mechanism and the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism are both connected to the power system, the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism is connected to the hydrogen output end of the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism and the hydrogen input end of the fuel cell mechanism, and the waste heat heating mechanism is connected to the heat supply system; wherein the hydrogen energy storage combined heat and power system has an energy storage state and energy supply state, in the energy storage state, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop releases heat and cools down from the waste heat heating mechanism, flows to the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism and the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism in sequence to absorb heat, and after absorbing heat, flows to the fuel cell mechanism and the waste heat heating mechanism in sequence to release heat; in the energy supply state, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop releases heat and cools down from the waste heat heating mechanism, flows to the fuel cell mechanism to absorb heat, and after absorbing heat, flows to the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism in sequence to release heat.

[0007] In an embodiment of the present invention, an auxiliary radiator is provided on the heat exchange medium circulation loop, and the auxiliary radiator is arranged in series between the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism; and / or a heat exchange medium diversion pipeline is also provided on the heat exchange medium circulation loop, and the heat exchange medium diversion pipeline is arranged in parallel with the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism, and a first heat exchange control structure and a second heat exchange control structure are provided at both ends of the heat exchange medium diversion pipeline, which can adjust the heat exchange medium circulation loop through the first heat exchange control structure and the second heat exchange control structure to control the flow rate of the heat exchange medium flowing through the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism and the heat exchange medium diversion pipeline respectively.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present invention, a first waste heat diversion pipeline is further provided on the heat exchange medium circulation loop, and the first waste heat diversion pipeline is arranged in parallel with the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism. A third heat exchange control structure and a fourth heat exchange control structure are provided at both ends of the first waste heat diversion pipeline. The heat exchange medium circulation loop controls the flow rate of the heat exchange medium flowing through the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism and the first waste heat diversion pipeline respectively through the third heat exchange control structure and the fourth heat exchange control structure.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present invention, a fifth heat exchange control structure and a sixth heat exchange control structure are provided on the heat exchange medium circulation loop, and the fifth heat exchange control structure and the sixth heat exchange control structure are located at both ends of the series connection of the fuel cell mechanism. The heat exchange medium circulation loop controls the flow rate of the heat exchange medium flowing through the fuel cell mechanism through the fifth heat exchange control structure and the sixth heat exchange control structure.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, a second waste heat diversion pipeline is connected between the fifth heat exchange control structure and the sixth heat exchange control structure, and the heat exchange medium circulation loop adjusts the flow rate of the heat exchange medium flowing through the fuel cell mechanism and the second waste heat diversion pipeline through the fifth heat exchange control structure and the sixth heat exchange control structure respectively.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present invention, the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism includes an electrolysis stack and a gas-liquid separation structure, the electrolysis stack is connected to the gas-liquid separation structure and is electrically connected to the power system; the gas-liquid separation structure and / or the electrolysis stack is provided with a heat exchange channel, the heat exchange channel is connected to the heat exchange medium circulation loop, and the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop can flow into the heat exchange channel to exchange heat with the electrolyte in the gas-liquid separation structure and / or the electrolysis stack.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, a delivery pump is provided on the heat exchange medium circulation loop, and the delivery pump controls the heat exchange medium circulation loop to have different flow directions in the energy storage state and the energy supply state by controlling the direction of its rotation.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present invention, an auxiliary heater is provided on the heat exchange medium circulation loop, and the auxiliary heater is arranged in series between the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism and the fuel cell mechanism.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present invention, the waste heat heating mechanism includes a heating circuit, and the heating circuit is provided with a waste heat heat exchange structure and a waste heat heating structure, the waste heat heat exchange structure is connected to the heat exchange medium circulation circuit, and the waste heat heating structure is connected to the thermal supply system; wherein, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation circuit can heat the heat exchange medium in the heating circuit in the waste heat exchange structure, and after heating, can flow into the waste heat heating structure to heat the heating medium of the thermal supply system.

[0015] The present invention also provides a control method for a hydrogen energy storage cogeneration system, which is used to control the above-mentioned hydrogen energy storage cogeneration system, and the control method includes the following steps: according to the power generation of the power generation side of the power system and the power consumption of the load side of the power system, controlling the operating state of the hydrogen energy storage cogeneration system; wherein, the operating state includes an energy storage state and an energy supply state; when the power generation of the power generation side is greater than the power consumption of the load side, controlling the operating state to be the energy storage state; when the power generation of the power generation side is less than the power consumption of the load side, controlling the operating state to be the energy supply state; according to the operating state, The operation state controls the flow direction of the heat exchange medium circulation loop; wherein, when the operation state is the energy storage state, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop is controlled to release heat and cool down from the waste heat heating mechanism, and then flow to the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism and the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism in sequence to absorb heat, and then flow to the fuel cell mechanism and the waste heat heating mechanism in sequence to release heat after absorbing heat; when the operation state is the energy supply state, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop is controlled to release heat and cool down from the waste heat heating mechanism, and then flow to the fuel cell mechanism to absorb heat, and then flow to the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism in sequence to release heat after absorbing heat.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present invention, the operating state also includes a standby state. When the power generation on the power generation side is equal to the power consumption on the load side, the operating state is controlled to be the standby state. The control method also includes: when the operating state is the standby state, controlling the auxiliary heater to heat the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop, and controlling the heated heat exchange medium to flow to the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism and the fuel cell mechanism in sequence to release heat.

[0017] In an embodiment of the present invention, the control method further includes the following steps: in the energy storage state, when the hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen energy storage cogeneration system is higher than a preset value, controlling the auxiliary radiator to dissipate heat from the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop between the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism; and / or in the energy storage state, when the hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen storage cogeneration system is higher than a preset value, diverting a portion of the heat exchange medium after heat release and cooling from the waste heat heating mechanism to a heat exchange medium diversion pipeline.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present invention, the control method further includes the following steps: controlling the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop flowing through the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism, the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism and / or the fuel cell mechanism, thereby controlling the heat exchange amount between the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop and the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism, the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism and / or the fuel cell mechanism; controlling the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the heating circuit of the waste heat heating mechanism, thereby controlling the heat exchange amount between the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop and the heat exchange medium in the heating circuit.

[0019] The characteristics and advantages of the present invention are:

[0020] The hydrogen energy storage cogeneration system and control method of the present invention sequentially connect a fuel cell mechanism, an electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism, a solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism, and a waste heat heating mechanism in series by providing a heat exchange medium circulation loop, thereby enabling comprehensive management of the fuel cell mechanism, the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism, and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism, realizing the recovery and utilization of waste heat within the system. Furthermore, the fuel cell mechanism, the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism, and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism can complement each other in the cooling and heating requirements under different operating states of the system, thereby reducing energy loss in the system and improving efficiency. Furthermore, by connecting the fuel cell mechanism and the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism to the power system, the excess electricity can be used to produce hydrogen through the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism and stored through the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism when the power generation of the power system exceeds the power consumption. Furthermore, when the power generation of the power system is less than the power consumption, the chemical energy of hydrogen can be converted into electricity through an electrochemical reaction through the fuel cell mechanism, thereby supplying the electricity to the power system. Furthermore, the excess waste heat can be supplied to the heat supply system through the waste heat heating mechanism. Thus, the temporal and spatial transfer of electricity and heat can be achieved, meeting the power demand of the power system and the heat load demand of the heat supply system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrogen energy storage cogeneration system in an energy storage state according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrogen energy storage cogeneration system in the energy supply state according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrogen energy storage cogeneration system in an energy storage state according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrogen energy storage cogeneration system in an energy supply state according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the picture:

[0027] 1. Heat exchange medium circulation loop; 10. Auxiliary radiator; 11. Main circulation line; 12. First connecting line; 13. Second connecting line; 14. Intermediate connecting line; 15. First waste heat diversion line; 16. Second waste heat diversion line; 17. Delivery pump; 18. Auxiliary heater; 19. Third heat exchange control structure; 110. Fourth heat exchange control structure; 111. Fifth heat exchange control structure; 112. Sixth heat exchange control structure; 113. Heat exchange medium diversion line; 114. First heat exchange control structure; 115. Second heat exchange control structure;

[0028] 2. Fuel cell mechanism;

[0029] 3. Electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism; 31. Electrolyzer; 32. Oxygen separator; 33. Hydrogen separator; 34. DC power supply; 35. Drying and purification structure; 36. Electrolyte circulation pump; 37. Electrolyte circulation loop;

[0030] 4. Solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism;

[0031] 5. Waste heat heating mechanism; 51. Heating circuit; 52. Waste heat heat exchange structure; 53. Waste heat heating structure; 54. Compressor; 55. Expansion valve;

[0032] 6. Heat supply system; 61. Heat absorption and storage circuit; 62. Heat storage tank;

[0033] 7. User. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Implementation Method 1

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the present invention provides a hydrogen energy storage combined heat and power system, including a heat exchange medium circulation loop 1, on which a fuel cell mechanism 2, an electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism 3, a solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 and a waste heat heating mechanism 5 are sequentially arranged in series, the fuel cell mechanism 2 and the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism 3 are both connected to the power system, the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 is connected to the hydrogen output end of the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism 3 and the hydrogen input end of the fuel cell mechanism 2, and the waste heat heating mechanism 5 is connected to the heat supply system 6; wherein, the hydrogen energy storage combined heat and power system The system has an energy storage state and an energy supply state. In the energy storage state, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 releases heat and cools down from the waste heat heating mechanism 5, and then flows to the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 and the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 in turn to absorb heat, and then flows to the fuel cell mechanism 2 and the waste heat heating mechanism 5 in turn to release heat; in the energy supply state, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 releases heat and cools down from the waste heat heating mechanism 5, and then flows to the fuel cell mechanism 2 to absorb heat, and then flows to the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 in turn to release heat.

[0037] The hydrogen energy storage and cogeneration system of the present invention is configured to sequentially connect a fuel cell mechanism 2, an electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3, a solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4, and a waste heat heating mechanism 5 in series by providing a heat exchange medium circulation loop 1. This allows for comprehensive management of the fuel cell mechanism 2, the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3, and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4, enabling recovery and utilization of waste heat within the system. Furthermore, the cooling and heating requirements of the fuel cell mechanism 2, the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3, and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 can be complemented under different operating conditions of the system, thereby reducing energy loss in the system and improving efficiency. Furthermore, by connecting the fuel cell mechanism 2 and the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 to the power system, when the power generation of the power system exceeds the power consumption, the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 can utilize excess power to produce hydrogen and store hydrogen through the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4. Furthermore, when the power generation of the power system is less than the power consumption, the chemical energy of hydrogen can be converted into electrical energy through the fuel cell mechanism 2 and then supplied to the power system. Furthermore, the waste heat heating mechanism 5 can supply excess waste heat to the heat supply system 6. This enables the temporal and spatial transfer of electricity and heat, meeting the power demand of the power system and the heat load demand of the heat supply system 6.

[0038] The power system may be a distributed renewable energy power generation system, including but not limited to hydropower generation, wind power generation, biomass power generation, solar power generation, ocean power generation, and geothermal power generation. The hydrogen energy storage and combined heat and power system of the present invention may also be a distributed hydrogen energy storage and combined heat and power system. The present invention controls the operating state of the hydrogen energy storage system according to the power generation side of the power system and the power consumption on the load side of the power system, so that the hydrogen energy storage system is adapted to the needs of the power system, which is conducive to achieving comprehensive management of energy and improving energy utilization.

[0039] Since the heat production of the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 is generally lower than that of the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 in the energy storage state, the heat production of the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 is first passed through the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 for heat exchange, and then passed through the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 for heat exchange, thereby forming a waste heat recovery gradient, which is beneficial to improving the heat exchange efficiency; and since the thermal insulation requirements of the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 are higher than those of the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 in the energy supply state, the heat exchange medium after absorbing heat and heating by the fuel cell mechanism 2 is first passed through the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 for heat exchange, and then passed through the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 for heat exchange, thereby better adapting to the thermal insulation requirements of the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4.

[0040] Specifically, a delivery pump 17 is provided on the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1. The delivery pump 17 controls the flow direction of the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 in different energy storage and energy supply states by controlling the direction of its rotation. In the energy storage state, the flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 is Figure 1 In the clockwise direction shown in FIG; Under the energy supply state, the flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 is Figure 2 Optionally, two delivery pumps 17 with different delivery directions are provided to provide delivery power and control the flow direction of the heat exchange medium circulation in the energy storage state and the energy supply state respectively.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, when in the energy storage state, the hydrogen production rate of the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 is relatively high, which makes the hydrogen storage rate of the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 also relatively high, resulting in the heat production of the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 and the heat production of the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 being relatively high. In order to prevent the temperature of the heat exchange medium from being too high after absorbing heat through the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 and being unable to effectively dissipate heat for the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 when flowing through the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3, in some embodiments of the present invention, an auxiliary radiator 10 is provided on the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1, and the auxiliary radiator 10 is arranged in series between the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4. When the temperature of the heat exchange medium after absorbing heat through the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 is too high, the auxiliary radiator 10 dissipates heat from the heat exchange medium to reduce the temperature to a certain extent, thereby utilizing the cooled heat exchange medium to flow through the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 to effectively dissipate heat for the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3.

[0042] Combine Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, a heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 is further provided with a heat exchange medium diversion pipeline 113, and the heat exchange medium diversion pipeline 113 is arranged in parallel with the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4. A first heat exchange control structure 114 and a second heat exchange control structure 115 are provided at both ends of the heat exchange medium diversion pipeline 113, which can adjust the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 through the first heat exchange control structure 114 and the second heat exchange control structure 115 to control the flow rate of the heat exchange medium flowing through the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 and the heat exchange medium diversion pipeline 113 respectively. By providing a heat exchange medium shunt pipe 113 and a first heat exchange control structure 114 and a second heat exchange control structure 115, a portion of the heat exchange medium after the waste heat supply mechanism 5 releases heat and cools down flows through the solid hydrogen storage mechanism 4 to absorb the heat generated by the solid hydrogen storage mechanism 4, thereby dissipating heat from the solid hydrogen storage mechanism 4, while the other portion of the heat exchange medium flows directly through the heat exchange medium shunt pipe 113 and mixes with the heat exchange medium after absorbing heat, and then flows through the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism 3 to absorb the heat generated by the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism 3 to dissipate heat from the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism 3. Furthermore, through the first heat exchange control structure 114 and the second heat exchange control structure 115, the flow rate of the heat exchange medium flowing through the solid hydrogen storage mechanism 4 and the heat exchange medium shunt pipe 113 can be controlled as needed, so that the temperature after mixing a portion of the heat exchange medium after absorbing heat and another portion of the heat exchange medium after not absorbing heat meets the requirements. Specifically, the first heat exchange control structure 114 and the second heat exchange control structure 115 are both three-way proportional valves, thereby being able to regulate the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the two parallel paths. Optionally, a control valve is provided at each end of the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 to realize flow control of the heat exchange medium input into the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 and flow control of the heat exchange medium output from the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4; a control valve is provided on the heat exchange medium diversion pipeline 113 to realize control of the input flow and output flow of the heat exchange medium.

[0043] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some other embodiments of the present invention, the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 is not provided with a heat exchange medium diversion pipeline 113 , and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 is directly provided in series with the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 .

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the heat exchange amount between the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 and the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 and the solid hydrogen storage mechanism 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, a first waste heat diversion pipeline 15 is further provided on the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1. The first waste heat diversion pipeline 15 is arranged in parallel with the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3. A third heat exchange control structure 19 and a fourth heat exchange control structure 110 are provided at both ends of the first waste heat diversion pipeline 15. The heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 controls the flow rate of the heat exchange medium flowing through the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 and the first waste heat diversion pipeline 15 respectively through the third heat exchange control structure 19 and the fourth heat exchange control structure 110. By adding a first waste heat shunt pipe 15 and setting a third heat exchange control structure 19 and a fourth heat exchange control structure 110, the flow of the heat exchange medium flowing through the first waste heat shunt pipe 15 and the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism 3 is adjusted, so that in the energy storage state, a part of the heat exchange medium after absorbing heat and heating by the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 can be adjusted to flow directly through the first waste heat shunt pipe 15 toward the fuel cell mechanism 2 without absorbing the heat of the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism 3, thereby mixing with the heat exchange medium after absorbing heat and heating by the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism 3 and then flowing to the fuel cell mechanism 2 together. The heat exchange medium flows into the fuel cell mechanism 2 to avoid the excessive temperature of the heat exchange medium flowing into the fuel cell mechanism 2 due to the excessive heat generated by the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4; and in the energy supply state, a part of the heat exchange medium can be adjusted to flow into the first waste heat diversion pipeline 15 without heating and insulating the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3, and then mixed with the heat exchange medium after the heat is released by the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 and then flowed to the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 together, so as to avoid the excessive temperature of the heat exchange medium flowing into the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 due to the excessive heat generated by the fuel cell mechanism 2.

[0045] Specifically, the third heat exchange control structure 19 and the fourth heat exchange control structure 110 are both three-way proportional valves, thereby enabling regulation of the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the two parallel paths. Optionally, a control valve is provided at each end of the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 to control the flow rate of the heat exchange medium entering the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 and the flow rate of the heat exchange medium exiting the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3; a control valve is provided on the first waste heat diversion pipeline 15 to control the input and output flow rates of the heat exchange medium.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in order to facilitate regulation of the amount of heat exchange between the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 and the fuel cell mechanism 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, a fifth heat exchange control structure 111 and a sixth heat exchange control structure 112 are provided on the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1. The fifth heat exchange control structure 111 and the sixth heat exchange control structure 112 are located at the two ends of the series connection of the fuel cell mechanism 2. The heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 controls the flow of the heat exchange medium through the fuel cell mechanism 2 via the fifth heat exchange control structure 111 and the sixth heat exchange control structure 112. By rationally regulating the flow of the heat exchange medium through the fuel cell mechanism 2 for heat exchange, the amount of heat exchange between the heat exchange medium and the fuel cell mechanism 2 after heat exchange through the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 in the energy storage state can be adapted to the heat demand of the fuel cell mechanism 2. In the energy supply state, the amount of heat exchange between the heat exchange medium and the fuel cell mechanism 2 is controlled according to the heat generation of the fuel cell mechanism 2, so that the heat exchange medium, after absorbing heat and heating, can meet the heat demand of the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4. Specifically, the fifth heat exchange control structure 111 and the sixth heat exchange control structure 112 are both three-way proportional valves, thereby being able to control the flow rates of the heat exchange media in the two parallel paths.

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in order to better regulate the heat exchange rate between the heat exchange medium and the fuel cell mechanism 2 in the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a second waste heat diversion pipeline 16 is connected between the fifth heat exchange control structure 111 and the sixth heat exchange control structure 112, and the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 regulates the flow rate of the heat exchange medium flowing through the fuel cell mechanism 2 and the second waste heat diversion pipeline 16 through the fifth heat exchange control structure 111 and the sixth heat exchange control structure 112 respectively. By adding a second waste heat diversion pipeline 16, in the energy storage state, a part of the heat exchange medium after absorbing heat can be adjusted to flow into the second waste heat diversion pipeline 16 without heating and insulating the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3, and then mixed with the heat exchange medium after releasing heat and then flowed to the waste heat supply mechanism 5 together, avoiding the temperature of the heat exchange medium flowing into the fuel cell mechanism 2 being too high due to the combined heat production of the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4; and in the energy supply state, a part of the heat exchange medium can be adjusted to flow into the second waste heat diversion pipeline 16 without absorbing the heat of the fuel cell mechanism 2, and then mixed with the heat exchange medium after absorbing heat through the fuel cell mechanism 2 and then flowed to the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 for heating and insulating, avoiding the temperature of the heat exchange medium flowing into the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 being too high due to the excessive heat production of the fuel cell mechanism 2.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 can be an alkaline electrolysis system or a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis system, including an electrolytic stack and an accessory system including a gas-liquid separation structure. The electrolytic stack is connected to the gas-liquid separation structure and is electrically connected to the power system. The gas-liquid separation structure and / or the electrolytic stack are provided with a heat exchange channel, which is connected to the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1. The heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 can flow into the heat exchange channel to exchange heat with the electrolyte in the gas-liquid separation structure. In the energy storage state, water molecules undergo an electrochemical reaction in the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen is processed by the accessory system and then enters the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 for storage. In the energy supply state, the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 releases the stored hydrogen into the fuel cell mechanism 2. The fuel cell mechanism 2 converts the chemical energy of the hydrogen into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction and supplies it to the power system.

[0049] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 is an alkaline electrolysis system. The electrolytic stack includes an electrolytic cell 31, and the gas separation structure includes an oxygen separator 32 and a hydrogen separator 33. The electrolytic cell 31 is electrically connected to the power system via a DC power supply 34. The electrolytic cell 31 is connected to the oxygen separator 32 via an anolyte output pipeline, and the electrolytic cell 31 is connected to the hydrogen separator 33 via a catholyte output pipeline. The oxygen separator 32 and the hydrogen separator 33 are also connected to the electrolytic cell 31 via an electrolyte circulation loop 37. In the energy storage state, the DC power supply 34 supplies DC power to the electrolyte-filled electrolytic cell 31. Water molecules undergo an electrochemical reaction at the electrodes of the electrolytic cell 31, decomposing into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen is mixed with the cathode electrolyte (i.e., the electrolyte near the cathode side of the electrolytic cell 31) and enters the hydrogen separator 33. The separated hydrogen is dried and purified by the drying and purification structure 35 before being stored in the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4. The oxygen is mixed with the anode electrolyte (i.e., the electrolyte near the anode side of the electrolytic cell 31) and enters the oxygen separator 32 for separation. In the energy supply state, the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 releases the stored hydrogen into the fuel cell mechanism 2. The fuel cell mechanism 2 converts the chemical energy of the hydrogen into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction and supplies it to the external power system. An electrolyte circulation pump 36 is provided on the electrolyte circulation loop 37.

[0050] Specifically, the oxygen separator 32 is provided with a first heat exchange channel, and the hydrogen separator 33 is provided with a second heat exchange channel. The first and second heat exchange channels are connected to the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1. The heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 can flow into the first and second heat exchange channels to exchange heat with the electrolyte in the oxygen separator 32 and hydrogen separator 33. The heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 includes a main circulation line 11, a first connecting line 12 connecting the oxygen separator 32 and the main circulation line 11, a second connecting line 13 connecting the hydrogen separator 33 and the main circulation line 11, and an intermediate connecting line 14 connecting the hydrogen separator 33 and the oxygen separator 32. Because the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 has different flow directions in the energy storage and energy supply states, the end of the waste heat supply mechanism 5 connected to the fuel cell mechanism 2 forms its input end in the energy storage state and its output end in the energy supply state. The end of the waste heat supply mechanism 5 connected to the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 forms its output end in the energy storage state and its input end in the energy supply state.

[0051] The solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 utilizes metals and metal alloys to form metal hydrides with hydrogen to achieve hydrogen storage. It has high hydrogen storage density and good safety performance. The process of hydrogen adsorption is accompanied by a large amount of heat release, and the process of hydrogen release requires the absorption of heat to achieve thermal release of hydrogen.

[0052] The fuel cell mechanism 2 includes a fuel cell stack, a hydrogen supply structure, an air supply structure, and a hydrothermal management structure, capable of converting the chemical energy of hydrogen into electrical energy. The fuel cell stack is provided with a heat exchange channel that communicates with the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1, allowing the heat exchange medium within the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 to flow through the heat exchange channel and exchange heat with the fuel cell stack. The more specific structure of the fuel cell mechanism 2 can be referenced in the prior art and will not be further described here.

[0053] The present invention uses a heat exchange medium circulation loop 1. In the energy storage state, the heat exchange medium is used to sequentially recover the heat generated by the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 during the hydrogen storage process and the heat generated by the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 during the electrolytic hydrogen production process, and then the recovered heat is first used in the fuel cell mechanism 2 for heating and heat preservation, and then the remaining heat is absorbed by the waste heat heating mechanism 5 and transmitted to the heat supply system 6, thereby realizing the supply of heat and further improving the recovery rate of waste heat; when hydrogen needs to be released to supply power, the solid-state hydrogen storage system releases hydrogen to the fuel cell mechanism 2 in the heat preservation environment to react and convert it into electrical energy for power supply, and the fuel cell mechanism 2 Maintaining a suitable temperature is conducive to improving the energy conversion efficiency. After the reaction, the heat generated by the reaction of the fuel cell mechanism 2 is recovered by using a heat exchange medium, and then the recovered heat is used in turn for heating and heat preservation of the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4. The remaining heat is then absorbed by the waste heat heating mechanism 5 and transmitted to the heat supply system 6, thereby realizing the supply of heat and further improving the recovery and utilization rate of waste heat. When hydrogen production and filling are required, the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 in a heat-insulating environment can have a lower electrolysis voltage, thereby improving the hydrogen production efficiency, and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 can also continuously absorb heat and release hydrogen at a stable rate.

[0054] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, an auxiliary heater 18 is provided on the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1, and the auxiliary heater 18 is provided in series between the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 and the fuel cell mechanism 2. By providing the auxiliary heater 18, on the one hand, when the system power is low and the waste heat is in short supply, the auxiliary heater 18 can be used to heat the heat exchange medium to achieve a balance between the supply and demand of heat in the system; on the other hand, in the standby state of the system (that is, the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3, the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 and the fuel cell mechanism 2 are not working), since the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 and the fuel cell mechanism 2 are not working, the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 does not need to charge and discharge hydrogen, so the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 does not need to absorb and release heat, and no waste heat is generated by the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 and the fuel cell mechanism 2, so the waste heat is used for heating. Mechanism 5 does not work either, therefore, the heat exchange medium is heated by the auxiliary heater 18. Since the working temperature of the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism 3 is generally higher than that of the fuel cell mechanism 2, the heated heat exchange medium is controlled to first flow into the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism 3 for heating and insulation, and then flow to the fuel cell mechanism 2 for heating and insulation. In addition, by controlling the first heat exchange control structure 114 and the second heat exchange control structure 115 to be disconnected from the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 and controlling the compressor 54 of the waste heat heating mechanism 5 not to work, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 does not exchange heat with the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 and the waste heat heating mechanism 5.

[0055] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the waste heat heating mechanism 5 includes a heat supply circuit 51, which is provided with a waste heat heat exchange structure 52 and a waste heat heat supply structure 53. The waste heat heat exchange structure 52 is connected to the heat exchange medium circulation circuit 1, and the waste heat heat supply structure 53 is connected to the heat supply system 6. The heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation circuit 1 can heat the heat exchange medium in the heat supply circuit 51 in the waste heat heat exchange structure 52, and after heating, it can flow into the waste heat heat supply structure 53 to heat the heat supply medium of the heat supply system 6. Specifically, the waste heat heat exchange structure 52 is an evaporator, and the waste heat heat supply structure 53 is a condenser. The heat exchange circuit is also provided with an expansion valve 55 and a compressor 54. The compressor 54 is located downstream of the evaporator, and the expansion valve 55 is located upstream of the evaporator. The expansion valve 55 is used to adjust the flow rate and pressure of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange circuit, and the compressor 54 is used to compress the heat exchange medium after absorbing heat.

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 is water. Of course, other liquids, gases, or gas-liquid mixtures can also be used as heat exchange media. The heat exchange medium in the heat exchange loop can be a refrigerant. Specifically, the heat supply medium of the heat supply system 6 is water, and the heat supply system 6 uses a heat absorption and storage circuit 61 to supply hot water to the user 7. The heat absorption and storage circuit 61 is connected to the condenser, and a heat storage tank 62 is provided on the heat absorption and storage circuit 61. The water in the heat absorption and storage circuit 61 absorbs heat from the condenser and is stored in the heat storage tank 62. The heat storage tank 62 supplies hot water to the user 7 according to the heat demand of the user 7.

[0057] Implementation Method 2

[0058] Combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides a control method for a hydrogen energy storage combined heat and power system, for controlling the hydrogen energy storage combined heat and power system. The specific structure, operating principle, and beneficial effects of the hydrogen energy storage combined heat and power system in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and are not further described here.

[0059] The control method of the present invention includes the following steps: controlling the operating state of the hydrogen energy storage cogeneration system according to the power generation side of the power system and the power consumption on the load side of the power system; wherein the operating state includes the energy storage state and the energy supply state; when the power generation on the power generation side is greater than the power consumption on the load side, the operating state is controlled to be the energy storage state; when the power generation on the power generation side is less than the power consumption on the load side, the operating state is controlled to be the energy supply state; controlling the flow direction of the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 according to the operating state; wherein, when the operating state is the energy storage state, controlling the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 to release heat and cool down from the waste heat heating mechanism 5, and then flow to the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 and the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 in turn to absorb heat, and after absorbing heat, flow to the fuel cell mechanism 2 and the waste heat heating mechanism 5 in turn to release heat; when the operating state is the energy supply state, controlling the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 to release heat and cool down from the waste heat heating mechanism 5, and then flow to the fuel cell mechanism 2 to absorb heat, and after absorbing heat, flow to the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism 3 and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 in turn to release heat.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present invention, the operating state also includes a standby state. When the power generation on the power generation side is equal to the power consumption on the load side, the operating state is controlled to be a standby state. The control method also includes: when the operating state is a standby state, controlling the auxiliary heater 18 to heat the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1, and controlling the heated heat exchange medium to flow to the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism 3 and the fuel cell mechanism 2 in sequence to release heat.

[0061] In an embodiment of the present invention, the control method further includes the following steps: in the energy storage state, when the hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen energy storage cogeneration system is higher than a preset value, controlling the auxiliary radiator 10 to dissipate heat from the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 between the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism 3 and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4; and / or in the energy storage state, when the hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen energy storage cogeneration system is higher than a preset value, diverting a portion of the heat exchange medium after heat release and cooling from the waste heat heating mechanism 5 to the heat exchange medium diversion pipeline 113.

[0062] In an embodiment of the present invention, the control method further includes the following steps: controlling the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 flowing through the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism 3, the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 and / or the fuel cell mechanism 2, thereby controlling the heat exchange amount between the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 and the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism 3, the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism 4 and / or the fuel cell mechanism 2; controlling the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the heating circuit 51 in the waste heat heating mechanism 5, thereby controlling the heat exchange amount between the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop 1 and the heat exchange medium in the heating circuit 51.

[0063] The above descriptions are only several embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention based on the contents disclosed in the application documents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen energy storage combined heat and power system, characterized in that: The heat exchange medium circulation loop comprises a fuel cell mechanism, an electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism, a solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism, and a waste heat heating mechanism, which are sequentially connected in series on the heat exchange medium circulation loop. The fuel cell mechanism and the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism are both connected to the power system. The solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism is connected to the hydrogen output end of the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism and the hydrogen input end of the fuel cell mechanism. The waste heat heating mechanism is connected to the heat supply system. Wherein, the hydrogen energy storage cogeneration system has an energy storage state and an energy supply state. In the energy storage state, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop releases heat and cools down from the waste heat heating mechanism, flows to the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism and the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism in sequence to absorb heat, and after absorbing heat, flows to the fuel cell mechanism and the waste heat heating mechanism in sequence to release heat; in the energy supply state, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop releases heat and cools down from the waste heat heating mechanism, flows to the fuel cell mechanism to absorb heat, and after absorbing heat, flows to the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism in sequence to release heat; The heat exchange medium circulation loop is further provided with a heat exchange medium shunt pipeline, the heat exchange medium shunt pipeline is arranged in parallel with the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism, and a first heat exchange control structure and a second heat exchange control structure are provided at both ends of the heat exchange medium shunt pipeline, which can adjust the heat exchange medium circulation loop through the first heat exchange control structure and the second heat exchange control structure to control the flow rate of the heat exchange medium flowing through the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism and the heat exchange medium shunt pipeline respectively; The heat exchange medium circulation loop is further provided with a first waste heat shunt pipeline, which is arranged in parallel with the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism. A third heat exchange control structure and a fourth heat exchange control structure are provided at both ends of the first waste heat shunt pipeline. The heat exchange medium circulation loop controls the flow of the heat exchange medium flowing through the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism and the first waste heat shunt pipeline respectively through the third heat exchange control structure and the fourth heat exchange control structure; The heat exchange medium circulation loop is provided with a fifth heat exchange control structure and a sixth heat exchange control structure, the fifth heat exchange control structure and the sixth heat exchange control structure are located at both ends of the series connection of the fuel cell mechanism, and the heat exchange medium circulation loop controls the flow rate of the heat exchange medium flowing through the fuel cell mechanism through the fifth heat exchange control structure and the sixth heat exchange control structure; A second waste heat shunt pipeline is connected between the fifth heat exchange control structure and the sixth heat exchange control structure, and the heat exchange medium circulation loop adjusts the flow rate of the heat exchange medium flowing through the fuel cell mechanism and the second waste heat shunt pipeline respectively through the fifth heat exchange control structure and the sixth heat exchange control structure.

2. The hydrogen energy storage combined heat and power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An auxiliary radiator is provided on the heat exchange medium circulation loop, and the auxiliary radiator is arranged in series between the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism.

3. The hydrogen energy storage combined heat and power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism includes an electrolytic stack and a gas-liquid separation structure, wherein the electrolytic stack is connected to the gas-liquid separation structure and is electrically connected to the power system; The gas-liquid separation structure and / or the electrolytic stack is provided with a heat exchange channel, and the heat exchange channel is connected to the heat exchange medium circulation loop. The heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop can flow into the heat exchange channel to exchange heat with the electrolyte in the gas-liquid separation structure and / or the electrolytic stack.

4. The hydrogen energy storage combined heat and power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange medium circulation loop is provided with a delivery pump, and the delivery pump controls the heat exchange medium circulation loop to have different flow directions in the energy storage state and the energy supply state by controlling the direction of its rotation.

5. The hydrogen energy storage combined heat and power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An auxiliary heater is provided on the heat exchange medium circulation loop, and the auxiliary heater is arranged in series between the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism and the fuel cell mechanism.

6. The hydrogen energy storage combined heat and power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste heat heating mechanism includes a heating circuit, the heating circuit is provided with a waste heat heat exchange structure and a waste heat heating structure, the waste heat heat exchange structure is connected to the heat exchange medium circulation circuit, and the waste heat heating structure is connected to the heat supply system; in, The heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop can heat the heat exchange medium in the heat supply loop in the waste heat heat exchange structure, and after being heated, can flow into the waste heat heat supply structure to heat the heat supply medium of the heat supply system.

7. A control method for a hydrogen energy storage combined heat and power system, characterized in that: For controlling the hydrogen energy storage combined heat and power system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the control method comprises the following steps: Controlling the operating state of the hydrogen energy storage cogeneration system according to the power generation on the power generation side of the power system and the power consumption on the load side of the power system; The operating state includes an energy storage state and an energy supply state; when the power generation on the power generation side is greater than the power consumption on the load side, the operating state is controlled to be the energy storage state; when the power generation on the power generation side is less than the power consumption on the load side, the operating state is controlled to be the energy supply state; controlling the flow direction of the heat exchange medium circulation loop according to the operating state; Among them, when the operating state is the energy storage state, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop is controlled to release heat and cool down from the waste heat heating mechanism, and then flow to the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism and the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism in turn to absorb heat, and after absorbing heat, flow to the fuel cell mechanism and the waste heat heating mechanism in turn to release heat; when the operating state is the energy supply state, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop is controlled to release heat and cool down from the waste heat heating mechanism, and then flow to the fuel cell mechanism to absorb heat, and after absorbing heat, flow to the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism in turn to release heat.

8. The control method according to claim 7, wherein: The operating state also includes a standby state, and when the power generation on the power generation side is equal to the power consumption on the load side, the operating state is controlled to be the standby state; The control method further includes: when the operating state is the standby state, controlling the auxiliary heater to heat the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop, and controlling the heated heat exchange medium to flow to the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism and the fuel cell mechanism in sequence to release heat.

9. The control method according to claim 7, wherein: The control method also The following steps are involved: In the energy storage state, when the hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen energy storage cogeneration system is higher than a preset value, the auxiliary radiator is controlled to dissipate heat from the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop between the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism and the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism; and / or In the energy storage state, when the hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen energy storage cogeneration system is higher than a preset value, a portion of the heat exchange medium after heat release and cooling from the waste heat heating mechanism is diverted to the heat exchange medium diversion pipeline.

10. The control method according to claim 7, wherein: The control method further comprises the following steps: Controlling the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop flowing through the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism, the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism and / or the fuel cell mechanism, thereby controlling the heat exchange rate between the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation loop and the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism, the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism and / or the fuel cell mechanism; The flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the heat supply circuit in the waste heat heating mechanism is controlled, thereby controlling the heat exchange amount between the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium circulation circuit and the heat exchange medium in the heat supply circuit.

Images