A method for generating an OOK signal, a network device and a storage medium

Abstract

A method for generating an OOK signal, a network device and a storage medium, and relates to the field of terminal technology. The method includes: determining the time domain signal segmentation on each high-level segment included in the original OOK signal; representing each time domain signal segment with a time domain signal sequence, wherein the sequence length of the time domain signal sequence is equal to the sequence length of the corresponding time domain signal segment, and in the time domain signal sequence corresponding to each time domain signal segment, at least two time domain signal sequences have different time domain frequency points, and each time domain frequency point is within a preset transmission bandwidth; cascading each time domain signal sequence with each low-level segment according to the time domain position to obtain a first time domain signal; and using the first time domain signal to generate an OFDM symbol carrying a first OOK signal. Using this method, the dynamic range of downlink power allocation is widened, the flexibility of resource allocation on the network device side is improved, and the possibility of interference with signals of neighboring cells on specific frequency domain resources is also reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method for generating an OOK signal, a network device, and a storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Ambient IoT, also known as passive IoT, is an IoT network consisting of devices with limited or no battery storage capacity. These devices rely on collecting energy from the environment to power themselves, such as solar energy, radio waves, motion, vibration, heat or pressure. Passive IoT technology based on cellular communication can, on the one hand, reduce costs by leveraging the existing large-scale cellular infrastructure, and on the other hand, it can also utilize many mature technologies of cellular communication to improve the coverage of passive IoT, such as interference management, mobility management and other technologies.

[0003] In order to reduce the power consumption and complexity of the receiving and transmitting processing of the Ambient IoT device (hereinafter referred to as the Device), the information between the network equipment and the Device adopts the on-off keying (OOK) modulation method. In addition, in order to ensure that the Ambient IoT signal can coexist with the new radio (NR) / long term evolution (LTE) signal, it is necessary to generate the OOK signal based on orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM).

[0004] However, the power of the OOK signal currently generated based on OFDM is too concentrated in the frequency domain, and more quantization bits are needed to accurately represent the frequency domain signal, which leads to a narrower dynamic range of downlink power allocation, limits the flexibility of resource allocation on the network equipment side, and may also cause interference to the signals of neighboring cells on specific frequency domain resources. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides an OOK signal generation method, network equipment and storage medium, so that the dynamic range of downlink power allocation is widened, the flexibility of resource allocation on the network equipment side is improved, and the possibility of interference with the signals of neighboring cells on specific frequency domain resources is reduced.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a method for generating an OOK signal, which can be applied to a network device, and the method includes: determining a time domain signal segmentation of each high-level segment included in an original on-off keying OOK signal, wherein each bit signal of the original OOK signal includes a high-level segment and a low-level segment; representing each time domain signal segment with a time domain signal sequence, wherein the sequence length of the time domain signal sequence is equal to the sequence length of the corresponding time domain signal segment, and in the time domain signal sequences corresponding to each time domain signal segment, at least two time domain signal sequences have different time domain frequencies, and each time domain frequency is within a preset transmission bandwidth; cascading each time domain signal sequence with each low-level segment according to the time domain position to obtain a first time domain signal; and using the first time domain signal to generate an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol carrying the first OOK signal.

[0007] In the technical solution of the present application, in the time domain signal sequences corresponding to each time domain signal segment of the original OOK signal, at least two time domain signal sequences have different time domain frequency points, that is, different time domain signal segments are equivalently replaced by time domain signal sequences of different frequency points, so that the first time domain signal obtained according to the original OOK signal, after being converted into a frequency domain signal, can disperse the power of the frequency domain signal, so that the ratio of the maximum amplitude value to the minimum amplitude value in the frequency domain signal within the transmission bandwidth decreases. Since the ratio decreases, the number of quantization bits required for accurate quantization of the OOK frequency domain signal can be reduced, so that the dynamic range of downlink power allocation is increased, and the flexibility of resource allocation on the network device side is improved. At the same time, since the power of the OOK signal generated based on OFDM diverges in the frequency domain and will not be overly concentrated, it can also reduce the signal interference of the OOK signal to the adjacent cells on specific frequency domain resources.

[0008] In a possible implementation, determining a time domain signal segment of at least one high-level segment included in an original on-off keying (OOK) signal includes dividing each high-level segment of the original OOK signal into L time domain signal segments, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0009] In this implementation, for the original OOK signal, regardless of whether the number of its bits is greater than 1, each ON chip is divided into L segments, so that after the first time domain signal is converted into a frequency domain signal, the ratio of the maximum amplitude value to the minimum amplitude value in the frequency domain signal within the transmission bandwidth can be significantly reduced.

[0010] In one possible implementation, determining a time domain signal segment for each high-level segment included in an original on-off keying OOK signal includes: when the original OOK signal includes only a 1-bit signal, or when the original OOK signal includes only one high-level segment, or when the original OOK signal includes only one low-level segment, or when the original OOK signal includes only two segments, dividing the high-level segment of the original OOK signal into L time domain signal segments, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 2; when the original OOK signal includes at least a 2-bit signal, or when the original OOK signal includes at least two high-level segments, or when the original OOK signal includes at least two low-level segments, or when the original OOK signal includes at least four segments, determining each high-level segment of the original OOK signal as a time domain signal segment.

[0011] Since the solution of this application requires time domain signal sequences of different frequencies to equivalently replace different time domain signal segments, when the original OOK signal includes only 1 bit, it is necessary to segment the unique ON chip to construct multiple time domain signals, and then use time domain signal sequences of different frequencies to equivalently replace the multiple time domain signals. When the original OOK signal carried on the OFDM symbol includes multiple bits, multiple ON chips can be unsegmented, and time domain signal sequences of different frequencies can be used to equivalently replace the ON chip. At this time, one ON chip is used as a time domain signal segment. It is also possible to segment one or more of the multiple ON chips, and then use time domain signal sequences of different frequencies to equivalently replace the segmented multiple time domain signals.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the time domain signal sequence corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment is a complex signal sequence a i (n), the complex signal sequence a i (n) Specifically: , where n=0, 1, ..., N-1, N is the number of sampling points included in the i-th time domain signal segment, t s is the sampling time interval, is the first time segment corresponding to the i-th time domain segment p The time domain frequency points of the components, is the first segment corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment p The amplitude of the component, is the first time domain segment corresponding to p The phase of the components, p=0, 1,…, Q-1, Q is the number of components corresponding to the i-th time domain segment.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the time domain signal sequence corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment is a complex signal sequence a i(t), the complex signal sequence a i (t) Specifically: ,in, , is the starting time of the i-th time domain signal segment, is the starting time of the i+1th time domain signal segment, is the first time segment corresponding to the i-th time domain segment p The frequency of the component, The i-th time domain signal segment corresponds to the p The amplitude of the component, is the first time domain segment corresponding to p The phase of the components, p=0, 1,…, Q-1, Q is the number of components corresponding to the i-th time domain segment.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner, the time domain signal sequence corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment is a real signal sequence a i (n), the real signal sequence a i (n) Specifically: , where n=0, 1, ..., N-1, N is the number of sampling points included in the i-th time domain signal segment, t s is the sampling time interval, is the first time segment corresponding to the i-th time domain segment p The frequency of the component, is the first segment corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment p The amplitude of the component, is the first time domain segment corresponding to p The phase of the components, p=0, 1,…, Q-1, Q is the number of components corresponding to the i-th time domain segment.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, the time domain signal sequence corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment is a real signal sequence a i (n), the real signal sequence a i (n) Specifically: , where n=0, 1, ..., N-1, N is the number of sampling points included in the i-th time domain signal segment, t s is the sampling time interval, is the first time segment corresponding to the i-th time domain segment p The frequency of the component, is the first segment corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment p The amplitude of the component, is the first time domain segment corresponding to pThe phase of the components, p=0, 1,…, Q-1, Q is the number of components corresponding to the i-th time domain segment.

[0016] In one possible implementation, , is the subcarrier spacing of the OFDM symbol, Is a positive integer.

[0017] In one possible implementation, , where K is a positive integer, is greater than or equal to the preset transmission bandwidth to ensure that the number of sampling points is sufficient.

[0018] In one possible implementation, , satisfy: .

[0019] This implementation method can make the phase of each time domain signal segment continuous after being represented by a time domain signal sequence. After the time domain signal sequence corresponding to each time domain signal segment is transformed by DFT, the frequency domain signal will not have many power complex amplitudes outside the transmission bandwidth, which is conducive to reducing energy leakage outside the transmission bandwidth and concentrating as much energy as possible within the transmission bandwidth.

[0020] In one possible implementation, , satisfy: .

[0021] This implementation method can make the phase of each time domain signal segment continuous after being represented by a time domain signal sequence. After the time domain signal sequence corresponding to each time domain signal segment is transformed by DFT, the frequency domain signal will not have many power complex amplitudes outside the transmission bandwidth, which is conducive to reducing energy leakage outside the transmission bandwidth and concentrating as much energy as possible within the transmission bandwidth.

[0022] In one possible implementation, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol carrying a first OOK signal is generated using a first time domain signal, specifically including: performing Fourier transform on the first time domain signal to obtain a first frequency domain signal; cropping the first frequency domain signal to obtain a second frequency domain signal; mapping the subcarriers of the second frequency domain signal to a first number of subcarriers within a transmission bandwidth, the number of subcarriers of the second frequency domain signal being the first number; when there are corresponding frequency domain signals on subcarriers other than the first number of subcarriers within the transmission bandwidth, performing inverse Fourier transform on the mapped second frequency domain signal together with the corresponding frequency domain signals on the other subcarriers and adding a cyclic prefix CP to generate an OFDM symbol carrying the first OOK signal; otherwise, performing inverse Fourier transform on the mapped second frequency domain signal and adding a CP to generate an OFDM symbol carrying the first OOK signal.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the first frequency domain signal is cropped to obtain the second frequency domain signal, specifically including: retaining signal components on both sides of a target frequency point in the first frequency domain signal within a first bandwidth, where the first bandwidth is less than or equal to a preset transmission bandwidth.

[0024] By clipping the frequency domain signal, the energy leaking outside the transmission bandwidth can be reduced, so that most of the energy is concentrated within the transmission bandwidth, which can reduce interference with signals in other frequency bands outside the transmission bandwidth.

[0025] In the second aspect, the present application also provides a network device, which includes a processor and a memory, the processor is coupled to the memory; the memory is used to store computer programs and / or instructions; the processor is used to execute the computer programs and / or instructions stored in the memory to implement the OOK signal generation method provided in the first aspect and any one of the implementation methods of the first aspect above.

[0026] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program or instructions for executing the method for generating an OOK signal provided by the first aspect and any one of the implementations of the first aspect.

[0027] In a fourth aspect, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program or instruction is stored. When the computer program or instruction is executed on a network device, the network device executes the OOK signal generation method provided in the first aspect and any one of the implementations of the first aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the scale of IoT connections of different categories provided for this application;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided for this application;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the architecture of another communication system provided for this application;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of bit information of OOK modulation signal;

[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an OOK modulated signal including a plurality of bits of information;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the principle of an OOK signal generated based on OFDM provided in this application;

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the correspondence between the OOK signal and the digital signal sequence provided in this application;

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the relationship between the amplitude and frequency of the frequency domain signal provided in this application;

[0036] Fig. 9 A flow chart of a method for generating an OOK signal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig.10 A flowchart of another method for generating an OOK signal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of segmenting an OOK signal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the relationship between the amplitude and frequency of the second frequency domain signal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a network device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to enable persons skilled in the art to more clearly understand the solution of the present application, the application scenario of the technical solution of the present application is first described below.

[0042] With the development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, there is a consensus on the classification of IoT nodes at three different speed levels, namely high-speed IoT, medium-speed IoT and low-speed IoT. Among them, high-speed IoT is mainly carried by technologies such as the fifth-generation mobile communication technology (5th-Generation, 5G), Enhanced Mobile Broadband (Enhanced MobileBroadband, eMBB), 4G Category (Category.4+, Cat.4+), Wi-Fi 6, etc., medium-speed IoT is currently mainly carried by technologies such as 4G Cat.1, 3G, 2G, etc., and low-speed IoT is mainly carried by technologies such as narrowband cellular IoT (Narrowband-Internet of Things, NB-IoT), long-range wide area network (Long Range Wide Area Network, LoRaWAN), Bluetooth Low Energy (Bluetooth Low Energy, BLE), etc. Different speeds also correspond to different power consumption levels, forming three obvious scenarios, and also facing three different levels of IoT connections.

[0043] See also Figure 1 , which is a schematic diagram of the different categories of IoT connection scales provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Low-speed IoT standards such as NB-IoT, LoRaWAN, and BLE can support tens of billions of connections, while medium-speed and high-speed IoT standards can support connections at a scale far lower than that of low-speed IoT. Based on the above three types of IoT scenarios, the category of Ambient IoT will become the main source of hundreds of billions of IoT connection scenarios.

[0045] The main application scenarios of Ambient IoT include but are not limited to industrial sensor networks, logistics and warehousing, smart wearable devices, medical health, smart homes and other fields, which are described in detail below.

[0046] Industrial sensor network: Industrial sensor network is mainly used in industrial production processes, such as temperature and humidity monitoring, vibration monitoring, and production line monitoring, so as to realize industrial automation and intelligent management. Taking rail measurement as an example, by deploying zero-power sensor equipment under the rail, rail pressure, temperature and other information can be monitored and collected. In addition, related equipment can also be deployed in extreme environments such as high and low temperatures, moving or rotating parts, high vibration conditions, and high humidity, where batteries cannot last long.

[0047] Logistics and warehousing: With the continuous growth of the logistics industry, the pressure on warehousing and labor costs of enterprises is increasing. Digital management of logistics packages can not only further improve the efficiency of logistics and warehousing management, but also save high labor costs. Zero-power communication technology attaches the communication terminal logo to the packaging surface of the package or goods, which is used to obtain logistics information and manage the entire logistics process, making warehousing operations simpler and more efficient.

[0048] Smart wearable devices: Smart wearable devices are one of the most potential personal consumer terminals for large-scale applications after mobile phones. Currently, all kinds of wearable devices have achieved wireless connection. According to the functional positioning of different products, they can be used in multiple scenarios such as health monitoring, sports monitoring, mobile sensing, and mobile positioning. The goal of zero-power communication technology is to eventually get rid of battery limitations and achieve longer battery life, more convenient energy security, and better user experience.

[0049] Healthcare: Portable medical devices can meet consumers' needs for home health services, but given the particularity of medical monitoring equipment (especially human implantable devices), issues such as battery life and power portability have largely limited the expansion of their application scenarios. Zero-power IoT technology can achieve extremely low power consumption; at the same time, no battery is required, which can reduce the size, facilitate flexible folding, and there is no need to worry about liquid immersion, which will help real-time monitoring of medical equipment data and efficient digital management of health conditions.

[0050] Smart home: The application of zero-power communication technology in the field of smart home can get rid of complex wiring, enable each terminal to be independently controlled, and achieve long-term online operation without the intervention of artificial energy.

[0051] Traditional radio frequency identification (RFID) is a passive IoT technology that uses radio frequency to perform non-contact two-way data communication and read and write recording media (electronic tags or radio frequency cards) to achieve the purpose of identifying targets and exchanging data. However, this technology has no interference management, does not support mobility, and has a coverage distance of only about 10m. Therefore, it is difficult to support the future demand for use on a scale of hundreds of billions. Therefore, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is discussing the development of passive IoT technology based on cellular communications. On the one hand, the existing large-scale cellular infrastructure can be used to reduce costs. On the other hand, many mature technologies of cellular communications can be used to improve the coverage of passive IoT, such as interference management and mobility management.

[0052] The following first introduces the architecture of the communication system in the embodiment of the present application.

[0053] See also Figure 2 , which is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0054] The communication system includes a network device 201 , an environmental IoT device 204 , and an intermediate node 202 .

[0055] The intermediate node 202 may be a user equipment (UE), an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node, a repeater, etc. The intermediate node 202 communicates with the network device 201 via a Uu interface, wherein the capital letter U represents a user to network interface (UNI), and the lowercase letter u represents universal.

[0056] Figure 2 The intermediate node 202 in the architecture can also be called a Reader, that is, the intermediate node 202 in the architecture can be used as a reader or a reader / writer. The environmental IoT device 204 can also be called a Device.

[0057] See also Figure 3 , which is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0058] The communication system includes a network device 201 and an environmental Internet of Things device 204. Communication can be established between the environmental Internet of Things device 204 and the network device 201, and the network device 201 can be located indoors.

[0059] Figure 1 and Figure 2 The network device 201 in the example may also be referred to as a Reader, that is, the network device 201 may be used as a reader / writer, or referred to as a reader / writer terminal. The environmental IoT device 204 may also be referred to as a Device.

[0060] In the above two communication systems, Ambient IoT devices are currently divided into two categories: Device 1 and Device 2 according to their power consumption.

[0061] The peak power consumption of Device 1 is at the 1 μW level. The device does not have downlink and uplink amplification capabilities. The uplink transmission of the device is backscattered on an externally provided carrier. The uplink transmission power is small and the frequency modulation range is small.

[0062] The peak power consumption of Device2 is several hundred μW. According to whether the uplink transmission from Device to Reader is backscattered or generated by the Device itself, Device2 is further divided into Device2a and Device2b.

[0063] Among them, Device2a class devices have energy storage, the device has downlink and / or uplink amplification capabilities, the uplink transmission of the device is backscattered on an externally provided carrier, the uplink transmission power is moderate, and the frequency modulation range is moderate.

[0064] Device 2b class devices have energy storage and downlink and / or uplink amplification capabilities. The uplink transmission of the device is generated inside the device, and the uplink transmission power is large and the frequency modulation range is large.

[0065] For Device 1 and Device 2a, the power of their uplink transmission is also related to the distance between the external carrier wave (CW) node and the IoT device.

[0066] The solution provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to cellular communication systems related to the third generation partnership project (3GPP), for example, fourth generation (4G) communication systems, such as long term evolution (LTE) communication systems, and can also be applied to fifth generation (5G) communication systems. th The present invention relates to a sixth generation (5G) communication system, such as a 5G new radio (NR) communication system, or various communication systems applied to the future, such as a sixth generation (6G) communication system.

[0067] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to a Bluetooth system, a Wi-Fi system, a LoRa system or a vehicle networking system, a communication system that supports the integration of multiple wireless technologies, and a device-to-device (D2D) system. The method provided in the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to a satellite communication system. Among them, the satellite communication system can be integrated with the above-mentioned communication system. The wireless communication system involved in this application also includes but is not limited to: a narrowband Internet of Things system (NB-IoT), a global system for mobile communications (GSM), an enhanced data rate for GSM evolution (EDGE), a wideband code division multiple access system (WCDMA), a code division multiple access 2000 system (CDMA2000), or a time division-synchronization code division multiple access system (TD-SCDMA).

[0068] The network device may be an access network device of a cellular system related to 3GPP. For example, a 4G mobile communication system, or a 5G mobile communication system. The network device may also be an access network device in an open access network (open RAN, O-RAN or ORAN) or a cloud radio access network (cloud radio access network, CRAN). Alternatively, the network device may also be an access network device in a communication system obtained by integrating two or more of the above communication systems.

[0069] The network equipment includes, but is not limited to: evolved Node B (eNB), radio network controller (RNC), Node B (NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home base station (e.g., home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), base band unit (BBU), access point (AP) in wireless fidelity (WIFI) system, macro base station, micro base station, wireless relay node, donor node, wireless controller in CR AN scenario, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (TP) or transmission and receiving point (TRP). The network equipment can also be an access network equipment in a 5G mobile communication system. For example, the next generation NodeB (gNB) in a new radio (NR) system, TRP, TP, or one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a base station in a 5G mobile communication system. Alternatively, the network device may also be a network node constituting a gNB or a transmission point. For example, a centralized unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU). The CU and DU may be separately configured or may be included in the same network element. For example, a BBU. The RU may be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit. For example, in a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH). Alternatively, the network device may also be a server, a wearable device, a vehicle, or an on-board device. For example, in V2X technology, the network device may be a roadside unit (RSU).

[0070] It should be noted that the network device may be the device or apparatus shown above, or a component (eg, chip), module, or unit in the device or apparatus shown above, and this application does not make any specific limitation thereto.

[0071] The intermediate node 202 may be a user equipment (UE), a mobile station (MS), a mobile terminal (MT), etc. In some scenarios, the intermediate node 202 may be a device that provides voice or data connectivity to a user, specifically, a device that provides voice to a user, or a device that provides data connectivity to a user, or a device that provides voice and data connectivity to a user. For example, a handheld device with a wireless connection function or a processing device connected to a wireless modem may be included. The intermediate node 202 may also be a terminal device that can communicate with a core network via a radio access network (RAN), exchange voice or data with the RAN, or exchange voice and data with the RAN. At present, terminal devices can be: mobile phones, tablet computers, laptops, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MID), wearable devices (such as smart watches, smart bracelets, pedometers, etc.), vehicle-mounted devices (such as cars, bicycles, electric vehicles, airplanes, ships, trains, high-speed trains, etc.), virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, smart home devices (such as refrigerators, TVs, air conditioners, electric meters, etc.), smart robots, workshop equipment, wireless terminals in unmanned driving, wireless terminals in remote surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, or wireless terminals in smart homes, flight equipment (such as smart robots, hot air balloons, drones, airplanes), etc. The terminal device can also be other devices with terminal functions, for example, the terminal device can also be a device that serves as a terminal function in D2D communication.The terminal device may also include vehicle to everything (V2X) terminal device, machine-to-machine / machine-type communications (M2M / MTC) terminal device, Internet of Things (IoT) terminal device, light terminal device (light UE), reduced capability UE (REDCAP UE), subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, remote station, access point (AP), remote terminal, access terminal, user terminal, user agent, or user equipment, drone equipment, etc. For example, it may include a mobile phone (or "cellular" phone), a computer with a mobile terminal device, a portable, pocket-sized, handheld, or computer-built-in mobile device, etc. For example, personal communication service (PCS) phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDA) and other devices. It also includes restricted devices, such as devices with low power consumption, or devices with limited storage capacity, or devices with limited computing power. For example, it includes information sensing devices such as barcodes, radio frequency identification (RFID), sensors, global positioning systems (GPS), laser scanners, etc. In this application, terminal devices with wireless transceiver functions and chips that can be set in the aforementioned terminal devices are collectively referred to as terminal devices.

[0072] It should be noted that the intermediate node 202 may be a device or apparatus with a chip, or a device or apparatus with integrated circuits, or a chip, module or control unit in the device or apparatus shown above, which is not specifically limited in this application.

[0073] In the 3GPP Ambient IoT system, in order to reduce the power consumption and complexity of the Device's transceiver processing, when the Reader sends information to the Device (hereinafter referred to as R2D), or when the Device sends information to the Reader (hereinafter referred to as D2R), on-off keying (OOK) modulation is used.

[0074] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 .in, Figure 4 Schematic diagram of bit information of OOK modulation signal; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of an OOK modulated signal including multiple bits of information.

[0075] OOK modulation represents the simplest form of amplitude-shift keying (ASK) modulation, also known as binary amplitude-shift keying (2ASK). It uses a unipolar non-return-to-zero code sequence to control the on and off of the sinusoidal carrier. If the modulated carrier amplitude is 0, it represents the binary number 0, and if the modulated carrier amplitude is not 0, it represents the binary number 1.

[0076] Figure 4 and Figure 5 The figures in the figure are all unmodulated original OOK signals, that is, OOK modulated information. A bit (also called a binary bit) refers to one bit in binary and is the smallest unit of information. Figure 4 For example, it is generally believed that OOK ON is a high-level signal and OOK OFF is a low-level signal. The high-level ON is switched to the low-level OFF through the falling edge to represent the binary number 1, and the low-level OFF is switched to the high-level ON through the rising edge to represent the binary number.

[0077] If you want to send a binary number of multiple bits, the OOK modulation signals corresponding to the multiple bits are cascaded to obtain the OOK modulation signal to be sent. For example, for the bit stream "1101", its corresponding OOK modulation signal is as follows: Figure 5 shown.

[0078] In the 3GPP Ambient IoT system, in order to enable the Reader and Device to communicate normally, in-band deployment, independent deployment, or protection band deployment can be adopted, which are explained below.

[0079] In-band deployment refers to reserving a frequency domain resource within the transmission bandwidth of the NR / LTE carrier to deploy the AmbientIoT system, and using the reserved frequency domain resources to transmit related signals.

[0080] Guard band deployment refers to deploying the Ambient IoT system in the guard band of the NR / LTE carrier. The bandwidth that exceeds the bandwidth required by the carrier is called the guard band, which is used to completely isolate channels. The remaining bandwidth in the channel bandwidth after the guard band is called the transmission bandwidth, and the guard band is generally located on both sides of the transmission bandwidth.

[0081] Independent deployment means that the spectrum resources used to deploy the Ambient IoT system are independent and do not need to be used as transmission bandwidth or protection band for other systems.

[0082] For Ambient IoT systems that use in-band deployment or protection band deployment, in order to ensure the coexistence of Ambient IoT signals and NR / LTE signals, R2D transmission cannot directly send the original OOK signal because there is a large interference between the original OOK signal and the NR / LTE signal. Therefore, it is necessary to use the OOK signal generated based on orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM).

[0083] Traditional digital modulation and division of labor use frequency division to transmit different information through different frequency bands. OFDM divides an entire frequency band into several sub-carriers and makes each sub-carrier orthogonal to each other so that they do not overlap with each other in the spectrum, which can reduce interference and improve the spectrum utilization of the carrier.

[0084] See also Figure 6 , this figure is a schematic diagram of the principle of an OOK signal generated based on OFDM provided in this application.

[0085] Specifically, for each OOK signal carried on OFDM, firstly, an original OOK modulated signal carried on an OFDM symbol is determined. The original OOK modulated signal may be one bit or a concatenation of multiple bit signals.

[0086] After the original OOK modulated signal is generated, a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is performed on the original OOK modulated signal to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signal. The frequency domain signal can be Figure 6 As shown in F1 in .

[0087] A commonly used DFT method may be Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).

[0088] The obtained frequency domain signal is cropped to obtain a cropped frequency domain signal F2. The cropped frequency domain signal is used to retain the signal components within a given bandwidth on both sides of the target frequency point. The given bandwidth does not exceed the transmission bandwidth of the Ambient IoT signal configured / scheduled on the network device side. The transmission bandwidth is determined by the number of subcarrier intervals used for Ambient IoT signal transmission. By cropping the frequency domain signal, the energy leaked outside the transmission bandwidth can be reduced, so that most of the energy is concentrated within the transmission bandwidth, which can reduce interference.

[0089] For the cropped frequency domain signal F2, the number of corresponding subcarriers is N, and the N subcarriers are mapped to the subcarriers used for Ambient IoT signal transmission. Figure 6 For example, the total bandwidth configured on the network device side for Ambient IoT signal transmission and NR / LTE signal transmission includes K subcarriers, of which the first N subcarriers can be used for Ambient IoT signal transmission, and the remaining subcarriers can be used for NR / LTE signal transmission. That is, the cropped frequency domain signal is mapped to the first N subcarriers of the K subcarriers. In addition, other mapping methods can also be used according to the configuration, such as mapping to the last N subcarriers of the K subcarriers, or to the middle N subcarriers.

[0090] After the mapping is completed, the cropped frequency domain signal F2 is subjected to an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) together with the frequency domain signals corresponding to NR / LTE on other subcarriers, and then a cyclic prefix (CP) is added to obtain an OFDM signal. This signal is an OFDM symbol that can indicate a frequency domain sequence, including points containing different components and the energy contained in the frequency point.

[0091] See also Figure 7 , which is a schematic diagram of the correspondence between the OOK signal and the digital signal sequence provided in this application.

[0092] Take an OOK signal carrying 4 bits on an OFDM symbol as an example. For the original OOK signal 1101, in the time domain, it is generally believed that the chip where ON is located is a high-level signal, and the corresponding digital signal sequence is a full-1 sequence, that is, [1, 1, ..., 1], and each digital sampling point is 1. The chip where OFF is located is a low-level signal, and the corresponding digital signal sequence is a full-0 sequence, that is, [0, 0, ..., 0].

[0093] See also Figure 8 , which is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the amplitude and frequency of the frequency domain signal provided by this application.

[0094] According to the above-mentioned OFDM-based OOK signal generation process, the inventor observed the amplitude of the signal components on both sides of the DC in the frequency domain signal after DFT transformation, and calculated the ratio of the maximum amplitude value to the minimum amplitude value of the frequency domain signal. Figure 8 For the frequency domain signal in , the ratio = 1.73205 / 0.0250223, which is about 69, much larger than the corresponding ratio of 31 for 1024QAM.

[0095] The larger the ratio of the maximum amplitude value to the minimum amplitude value, the more quantization bits are needed to accurately represent the frequency domain signal. The number of quantization bits refers to the number of binary digits required to distinguish all quantization levels. Taking 1024-QAM as an example, one symbol can transmit 10 bits of information, representing 0000000000, 0000000001, ..., 1111111111, which means there are a total of 1024 symbols, that is, the number of quantization bits is 10.

[0096] And for Figure 8 For the frequency domain signal shown, the number of quantization bits required is significantly greater than 10, resulting in an increase in the number of bits carried by an OFDM symbol.

[0097] The more bits carried on the OFDM symbol, the larger the transmission bandwidth of the OOK signal and the greater the available transmit power, which increases the maximum amplitude of the frequency domain component of the OOK signal, that is, more quantization bits are occupied to accurately represent the frequency domain signal.

[0098] Under the condition of a given number of quantization bits, the more quantization bits used to represent the signal, the narrower the dynamic range of downlink power allocation, which limits the flexibility of resource allocation on the network equipment side. Since the receiving sensitivity of the OOK modulation method is much worse than that of the LTE / NR system, in order to ensure that the coverage of Ambient IoT is equivalent to that of LTE / NR, Ambient IoT must require a larger transmission power.

[0099] In addition, the power of the OOK signal currently generated based on OFDM is too concentrated in the frequency domain, which means that even if the average power of the OOK signal is the same as that of the LTE / NR signal, it will cause stronger interference to the signals of adjacent cells on specific frequency domain resources. Therefore, even if the Ambient IoT system adopts an independent deployment solution, there may still be interference with adjacent cells.

[0100] In summary, the current solution based on OFDM-generated OOK signals will narrow the dynamic range of downlink power allocation, limit the flexibility of resource allocation on the network equipment side, and may also cause interference to the signals of neighboring cells on specific frequency domain resources.

[0101] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a method for generating an OOK signal, a network device and a storage medium. The method divides the original OOK signal into at least two time domain signal segments. Each time domain signal segment includes a complete high-level segment, or multiple time domain signal segments include complete high-level segments, and then time domain signal sequences of different frequency points are used to equivalently replace different time domain signal segments, so that the first time domain signal obtained according to the original OOK signal, after being converted into a frequency domain signal, the power of the frequency domain signal can be dispersed. Utilizing this scheme, the dynamic range of downlink power allocation is widened, the flexibility of resource allocation on the network device side is improved, and the possibility of interference with signals of neighboring cells on specific frequency domain resources is also reduced.

[0102] The implementation method and principle of the technical solution of the present application are explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0103] In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0104] It is understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. It is understood that the terms used in the description of the various examples described herein are only for describing specific examples and are not intended to be limiting. As used in the description of the various examples described, the singular forms "a" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0105] See also Fig. 9 , which is a flowchart of a method for generating an OOK signal provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0106] The method can be applied to a network device, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0107] S11: Determine a time domain signal segment of each high level segment included in the original on-off keying OOK signal.

[0108] The original OOK signal is a cascade of one or more bit ON / OFF signals.

[0109] The types of segments include high-level segments and low-level segments. Each bit signal of the original OOK signal includes a high-level segment and a low-level segment.

[0110] For example, for Figure 4 Bit 1 in includes an ON chip and an OFF chip; Figure 4 Bit 0 in the SPI includes an OFF chip and an ON chip.

[0111] In order to disperse the power of the signal in the frequency domain, the solution of the present application needs to use time domain signal sequences of different frequencies to equivalently replace different time domain signal segments in the time domain. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that all high-level segments included in the original OOK signal are divided into at least two time domain signal segments.

[0112] Specifically, when the original OOK signal carried on the OFDM symbol includes only 1 bit, it includes only one ON chip, so it is necessary to segment the unique ON chip to construct at least two time domain signal segments, and then use time domain signal sequences of different frequencies to equivalently replace multiple time domain signal segments.

[0113] When the original OOK signal carried on the OFDM symbol includes multiple bits, it includes multiple ON chips. Therefore, multiple ON chips can be directly replaced by time domain signal sequences of different frequencies without segmentation, that is, each ON chip is used as a time domain signal segment. It is also possible to segment one or more of the multiple ON chips, and then use time domain signal sequences of different frequencies to equivalently replace the segmented multiple time domain signals.

[0114] In the embodiments of the present application and the following description, the ON chip is segmented or represented as a time domain signal sequence. In addition, the OFF chip can also be segmented or represented as a time domain signal sequence at the same time. However, since the OFF chip is an all-zero sequence, the above processing can also be omitted.

[0115] S12: Divide each time domain signal into segments and represent them with a time domain signal sequence.

[0116] The sequence length of the time domain signal sequence is equal to the sequence length of the corresponding time domain signal segment, and among the time domain signal sequences corresponding to each time domain signal segment, at least two time domain signal sequences have different time domain frequency points.

[0117] And each time domain frequency point is within the preset transmission bandwidth. In the present application, the preset transmission bandwidth is the transmission bandwidth of the Ambient IoT signal configured on the network device side. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific range of the preset transmission bandwidth.

[0118] When each time domain frequency point is within the preset transmission bandwidth, it indicates that the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in the time domain frequency point corresponding to the time domain signal segment at this time is also less than or equal to the transmission bandwidth of the Ambient IoT signal.

[0119] Each time domain signal segment can be represented by a time domain signal sequence, or it can be understood as replacing each time domain signal segment with a time domain signal sequence. The power of the frequency domain signal obtained after DFT of the time domain signal sequence is more dispersed, and the maximum peak power decreases.

[0120] S13: cascading each time domain signal sequence and each low level segment according to the time domain position to obtain a first time domain signal.

[0121] The time domain position is used to indicate the sequence of each time domain signal and the low-level segment in the time domain.

[0122] It should be noted that when cascading, not only the time domain signal sequences need to be cascaded according to the positions, but also the OFFchips need to be cascaded.

[0123] S14: Generate an OFDM symbol carrying a first OOK signal using the first time domain signal.

[0124] The original OOK signal is replaced by the first time domain signal, that is, the first time domain signal is used as the initial signal carried on the OFDM symbol. At this time, the OFDM symbol generated based on OFDM carries the first OOK signal, and the first OOK signal is the signal used for R2D transmission in the scenario of this application.

[0125] In the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application, in the time domain signal sequences corresponding to each time domain signal segment of the original OOK signal, the time domain frequency points of at least two time domain signal sequences are different, that is, time domain signal sequences with different frequency points are used to equivalently replace different time domain signal segments, so that the first time domain signal obtained according to the original OOK signal, after being converted into a frequency domain signal, the power of the frequency domain signal can be dispersed, so that the ratio of the maximum amplitude value to the minimum amplitude value in the frequency domain signal within the transmission bandwidth decreases. Since the ratio decreases, the number of quantization bits required for accurate quantization of the OOK frequency domain signal can be reduced, so that the dynamic range of the downlink power allocation is increased, and the flexibility of resource allocation on the network device side is improved. At the same time, since the power of the OOK signal generated based on OFDM diverges in the frequency domain and will not be overly concentrated, it can also reduce the signal interference of the OOK signal to the adjacent cells on specific frequency domain resources.

[0126] The following is an explanation in conjunction with a specific implementation method.

[0127] See also Fig.10 , which is a flowchart of another method for generating an OOK signal provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0128] The method can be applied to a network device, where the network device acts as a reader and generates an OOK signal on an OFDM symbol, including the following steps:

[0129] S31: Determine the number of time domain signal segments on each segment of the original OOK signal carried on the OFDM symbol.

[0130] The original OOK signal is the concatenation of one or more bit ON / OFF signals. Figure 4 and Figure 5 , each chip corresponds to a complete high-level (ON) time domain signal or a complete low-level (OFF) time domain signal. That is, the chip types include high-level chips (ON chips) and low-level chips (OFF chips), and one ON chip and one OFF chip form a 1-bit original OOK signal.

[0131] For example, for Figure 4 Bit 1 in includes an ON chip and an OFF chip; Figure 4 Bit 0 in the SPI includes an OFF chip and an ON chip.

[0132] In the solution of the present application, high-level complete chips are segmented, and low-level complete chips may not be segmented to reduce the amount of data processing and improve the processing speed. This is because for high-level 1, there is a corresponding power amplitude in the frequency domain, while for low-level 0, it is equivalent to not sending power, so segmentation processing is not required.

[0133] In the solution of the embodiment of the present application, when the original OOK signal carried on the OFDM symbol includes only 1 bit, the high-level segment, that is, the time domain signal of the ON chip is evenly divided into L segments. When the original OOK signal carried on the OFDM symbol includes at least 2 bits, the high-level segment, that is, the time domain signal of the ON chip can be evenly divided into L segments, or the time domain signal of the ON chip may not be segmented, and the number of segments of the time domain signal of the ON chip is 1.

[0134] The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit L, and L may be a positive integer, and L is at least 2. The following description takes the value of L as 2 as an example. The specific value of L may be configured by the network device side, or specified by a related protocol.

[0135] The reason for such segmentation is: the concept of the present application is to use time domain signal sequences of different frequencies to equivalently replace different time domain signal segments. When the original OOK signal carried on the OFDM symbol includes only 1 bit, it only includes one ONchip, so it is necessary to segment the unique ON chip to construct multiple time domain signals, and then use time domain signal sequences of different frequencies to equivalently replace multiple time domain signals. When the original OOK signal carried on the OFDM symbol includes multiple bits, it includes multiple ON chips at this time, so multiple ON chips can be unsegmented, and time domain signal sequences of different frequencies can be used to equivalently replace ON chips. It is also possible to segment one or more of the multiple ON chips, and then use time domain signal sequences of different frequencies to equivalently replace the segmented multiple time domain signals.

[0136] The time domain signal sequence may be a complex signal sequence or a real signal sequence. The real signal sequence may be, for example, a sine signal sequence or a cosine signal sequence.

[0137] The specific method of determining the number of segments is described below.

[0138] In a possible implementation, the number of segments of the time domain signal on each chip is determined according to the number of bits of the original OOK signal carried on an OFDM symbol.

[0139] When the number of bits is 1, the number of segments on each ON chip is determined to be L. The number of segments on each OFF chip is 1, that is, no segmentation is performed.

[0140] See also Fig.11 , which is a schematic diagram of segmenting an OOK signal provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0141] For example, when L is 2, the ON chip is evenly divided into two segments, Segment#0 and Segment#1. No segmentation is performed on the OFF chip.

[0142] When the number of bits is greater than or equal to 2, the number of segments on each ON chip is determined to be L, and the number of segments on each OFF chip is determined to be 1, that is, no segmentation is performed. This implementation method can be combined with the processing method when the number of bits is 1, and can be regarded as follows: for the original OOK signal, regardless of whether the number of bits is greater than 1, each ON chip is divided into L segments.

[0143] Alternatively, when the number of bits is greater than or equal to 2, the number of segments on each ON chip is determined to be 1, and the number of segments on each OFF chip is determined to be 1, that is, neither the ON chip nor the OFF chip is segmented, and each ON chip is directly used as a time domain signal segment.

[0144] In another possible implementation manner, the number of time domain signal segments on each chip is determined according to the number of chips of the original OOK signal carried on one OFDM symbol.

[0145] When the number of chips of the original OOK signal is 2, it means that the current number of bits is 1, that is, it includes one ON chip and one OFF chip. At this time, the number of segments on each ON chip is determined to be L. The number of segments on each OFF chip is 1, that is, no segmentation is performed.

[0146] When the number of chips of the original OOK signal is a positive integer greater than 2, that is, it includes at least 4 chips, it means that the current number of bits is greater than 1, that is, it includes at least two ON chips and at least two OFF chips. At this time, the number of segments on each ON chip is determined to be L, and the number of segments on each OFF chip is 1; or, the number of segments on each ON chip is determined to be 1, and the number of segments on each OFF chip is 1.

[0147] In yet another possible implementation, the number of time domain signal segments on each chip is determined according to the number of high-level segments (ON chips) or the number of low-level segments (OFF chips) of the original OOK signal carried on one OFDM symbol.

[0148] First, an example of determining the number of time domain signal segments on each chip according to the number of ON chips is used for description.

[0149] When the number of ON chips of the original OOK signal is 1, it means that the current number of bits is 1, and the number of segments on each ON chip is determined to be L. The number of segments on each OFF chip is 1, that is, no segmentation is performed.

[0150] When the number of ON chips of the original OOK signal is a positive integer greater than 1, it means that the current number of bits is greater than 1, that is, it includes at least two ON chips and at least two OFF chips. At this time, the number of segments on each ON chip is determined to be L, and the number of segments on each OFF chip is 1; or, the number of segments on each ON chip is determined to be 1, and the number of segments on each OFF chip is 1.

[0151] The following is an example of determining the number of time domain signal segments on each chip according to the number of OFF chips.

[0152] When the number of OFF chips of the original OOK signal is 1, it means that the current number of bits is 1, and at this time, the number of segments on each ON chip is determined to be L. The number of segments on each OFF chip is 1, that is, no segmentation is performed.

[0153] When the number of OFF chips of the original OOK signal is a positive integer greater than 1, it means that the current number of bits is greater than 1, that is, it includes at least two OFF chips and at least two OFF chips. At this time, the number of segments on each ON chip is determined to be L, and the number of segments on each OFF chip is 1; or, the number of segments on each ON chip is determined to be 1, and the number of segments on each OFFchip is 1.

[0154] It should be noted that for Ambient IoT devices, since they generally have the characteristics of high integration and low signal processing capabilities, it is common for the original OOK signal to include only one bit, for example, a one-bit flag is used to control the Ambient IoT device to start or shut down a feature function. Therefore, the present application scheme designs the above signal segmentation method for the case where the original OOK signal includes only one bit.

[0155] S32: For each time domain signal segment, determine a corresponding time domain signal sequence.

[0156] For an ON chip or a segmented ON chip, the corresponding digital signal sequence is an all-1 sequence, that is, [1, 1, ..., 1]. The difference is that for an unsegmented ON chip, the sequence length is longer, and for a segmented ON chip, the sequence length corresponding to each time domain signal segment is shorter.

[0157] It is understandable that the present application takes the example of evenly segmenting the ON chip, that is, the length of the sequence corresponding to each time domain signal segment in the segmented ONchip is the same. In other embodiments, the ON chip may be segmented unevenly, that is, the length of the sequence corresponding to each time domain signal segment in the segmented ONchip is different, but the subsequent processing principles are similar and will not be repeated here.

[0158] Each time domain signal segment can be represented by a time domain signal sequence, or it can also be understood as replacing each time domain signal segment with a time domain signal sequence. The power of the frequency domain signal obtained after DFT of the time domain signal sequence is more dispersed, and the maximum power peak decreases.

[0159] The time domain signal sequence can be a complex signal sequence or a real signal sequence, which are explained below respectively.

[0160] For a complex signal sequence, in a possible implementation, its discrete signal form is shown in the following formula:

[0161] (1)

[0162] Where n=0, 1, ..., N-1. That is, n is a non-negative integer, and N is the number of sampling points included in the time domain signal segment corresponding to the time domain signal sequence, that is, the number of 1s in the all-1 sequence. The sequence length of the time domain signal segment is the number of 1s in the all-1 sequence. is the first segment corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment p The magnitude of a component. is the first time domain segment corresponding to p The phase of the component.

[0163] p=0, 1, ..., Q-1, where Q is the number of components corresponding to the i-th time domain segment.

[0164] At this time, the sequence length of the time domain signal sequence is equal to the sequence length of the corresponding time domain signal segment. The size of N can reflect the time length of the time domain signal segment.

[0165] The i-th sampling point in the time domain signal segment is represented by a i (n) indicates.

[0166] is the first time segment corresponding to the i-th time domain segment p The time domain frequency points of the components.

[0167] When the number of ON chips of the original OOK signal is 1, i=0, 1, ..., L-1.

[0168] When the number of ON chips of the original OOK signal is greater than 1, taking M ON chips as an example, when the ON chips are not segmented, i=0, 1, ..., M-1; when each ON chip is divided into L segments, i=0, 1, ..., LM-1.

[0169] t s is the sampling time interval.

[0170] In another possible implementation, the discrete signal form of the complex signal sequence is shown in the following formula:

[0171] (2)

[0172] , is the starting time of the i-th time domain signal segment, is the starting time of the (i+1)th time domain signal segment, so that the sequence length of the time domain signal sequence is equal to the sequence length of the corresponding time domain signal segment. is the first time domain segment corresponding to p The frequency of the component, is the first segment corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment p The amplitude of the component, is the first time domain segment corresponding to p The phase of the components, p=0, 1,…, Q-1, Q is the number of components corresponding to the i-th time domain segment.

[0173] For a real signal sequence, its discrete signal form can be seen in the following formula:

[0174] (3)

[0175] Where n=0, 1, ..., N-1. N is the number of sampling points included in the i-th time domain signal segment, t s is the sampling time interval, is the first time domain segment corresponding to p The frequency of the component, is the first segment corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment p The amplitude of the component, is the first time domain segment corresponding to p The phase of the components, p=0, 1,…, Q-1, Q is the number of components corresponding to the i-th time domain segment.

[0176] For a real signal sequence, its continuous signal form can be seen in the following formula:

[0177] (4)

[0178] , is the starting time of the i-th time domain signal segment, is the starting time of the i+1th time domain signal segment, is the first time domain segment corresponding to p The frequency of the component, is the first segment corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment p The amplitude of the component, is the first time domain segment corresponding to p The phase of the components, p=0, 1,…, Q-1, Q is the number of components corresponding to the i-th time domain segment.

[0179] When the above formulas are used to represent the sampling points in the time domain signal segment, the power can be dispersed in the frequency domain by using different formulas adopted by at least two time domain signal sequences.

[0180] The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in each frequency point of each component of all time domain signal segments is less than or equal to the transmission bandwidth of the Ambient IoT signal.

[0181] Furthermore, the value of each frequency point of each component corresponding to the time domain signal segment does not exceed the frequency domain resource position of the Ambient IoT signal.

[0182] Furthermore, the time domain signal segment i corresponds to The following formula can be satisfied:

[0183] (5)

[0184] in, is the subcarrier spacing of OFDM symbols, Is a positive integer.

[0185] is the sampling time interval t s Satisfy the following formula:

[0186] (6)

[0187] Where K is a positive integer, Greater than or equal to the transmission bandwidth of the Ambient IoT signal to ensure that the number of sampling points is sufficient.

[0188] The phase in the above formula In one possible implementation, It can be randomly selected within its range. In another possible implementation, for equations (1) and (3), The value of satisfies the following relationship:

[0189] (7)

[0190] For equations (2) and (4), the phase The value of satisfies the following relationship:

[0191] (8)

[0192] When the phase value satisfies the above equations (6) and (8), the phase of each time domain signal segment is continuous after being represented by a time domain signal sequence. The advantage of phase continuity is that when the time domain signal sequence corresponding to each time domain signal segment is transformed by DFT, the frequency domain signal will not have many power complex amplitudes outside the transmission bandwidth, which is beneficial to reduce energy leakage outside the transmission bandwidth and concentrate as much energy as possible within the transmission bandwidth.

[0193] S33: After each time domain signal segment is represented by a corresponding time domain signal sequence, each time domain signal sequence is cascaded with the low-level segment according to the time domain position to obtain a first time domain signal.

[0194] It should be noted that when cascading, not only the time domain signal sequence needs to be cascaded according to the position, but also the OFFchip needs to be cascaded. The following example illustrates this.

[0195] For example, continue with Fig.11 For example, when the original OOK signal includes only 1 bit, the ON chip is divided into two segments. One of the time domain signal segments is Segment#0. After each sampling point of Segment#0 is represented by a time domain signal sequence using equation (1) or equation (3), the time domain signal sequence corresponding to Segment#0 is a 0 (n). After each sampling point of Segment#1 is represented by a time domain signal sequence using equation (1) or equation (3), the time domain signal sequence corresponding to Segment#1 is a 1 (n). For OFF chips, no segmentation is performed. The all-0 sequence corresponding to the OFF chip is a 0 (0). Therefore, the first time domain signal obtained from the original OOK signal can be expressed as a 0 (n)+a 1 (n)+a 0 (0).

[0196] For example, continue with Fig.11 For example, when the original OOK signal includes only 1 bit, the ON chip is divided into two segments. One of the time domain signal segments is Segment#0. After each sampling point of Segment#0 is represented by a time domain signal sequence using equation (2) or equation (4), the time domain signal sequence corresponding to Segment#0 is a0 (t). After each sampling point of Segment#1 is represented by a time domain signal sequence using equation (2) or equation (4), the time domain signal sequence corresponding to Segment#1 is a 1 (t). For OFFchip, no segmentation is performed, and the all-0 sequence corresponding to OFF chip is a 0 (0). Therefore, the first time domain signal obtained from the original OOK signal can be expressed as a 0 (t)+a 1 (t)+a 0 (0).

[0197] For example, Figure 7 For example, the original OOK signal includes 4 bits, specifically 1101. At this time, each ONchip can be segmented. After each sampling point of ON chip1 is represented by a time domain signal sequence using equation (1) or equation (3), the corresponding time domain signal sequence is a 0 (n); After each sampling point of ON chip2 is represented by a time domain signal sequence using equation (1) or equation (3), the corresponding time domain signal sequence is a 1 (n); After each sampling point of ON chip3 is represented by a time domain signal sequence using equation (1) or equation (3), the corresponding time domain signal sequence is a 2 (n); After each sampling point of ON chip 4 is represented by a time domain signal sequence using equation (1) or equation (3), the corresponding time domain signal sequence is a 3 (n). OFF chip is not segmented, and the all-0 sequence corresponding to OFF chip1 is a 0 (0), the all-0 sequence corresponding to OFF chip2 is a 1 (0), the all-0 sequence corresponding to OFF chip3 is a 2 (0), the all-0 sequence corresponding to OFF chip4 is a 3 (0). Therefore, the first time domain signal obtained from the original OOK signal can be expressed as a 0 (n)+a 0 (0)+a 1 (n)+a 1 (0)+a 2 (n)+a 2 (0)+a 3 (n)+a 3 (0).

[0198] S34: Perform Fourier transform on the first time domain signal to obtain a first frequency domain signal.

[0199] Specifically, a discrete Fourier transform DFT is performed on the first time domain signal to obtain a first frequency domain signal. A commonly used DFT method may be a fast Fourier transform (FFT).

[0200] S35: Crop the first frequency domain signal to obtain a second frequency domain signal.

[0201] The second frequency domain signal is a frequency domain signal obtained by trimming the first frequency domain signal.

[0202] The frequency domain signal is trimmed to retain signal components on both sides of the target frequency point within a given first bandwidth.

[0203] The first bandwidth does not exceed the transmission bandwidth of the Ambient IoT signal configured / scheduled by the network device side. The transmission bandwidth is determined by the number of subcarrier spacings used for Ambient IoT signal transmission.

[0204] By clipping the frequency domain signal, the energy leaking outside the transmission bandwidth can be reduced, so that most of the energy is concentrated within the transmission bandwidth, which can reduce interference with signals in other frequency bands outside the transmission bandwidth.

[0205] S36: Map the subcarriers of the second frequency domain signal to subcarriers within the transmission bandwidth.

[0206] For the second frequency domain signal, the number of subcarriers corresponding to it is determined to be a first number. It may be assumed that the first number of subcarriers corresponding to the second frequency domain signal is N, and N is a positive integer.

[0207] The total transmission bandwidth configured on the network device side for Ambient IoT signal transmission and NR / LTE signal transmission includes K subcarriers.

[0208] The subcarriers of the second frequency domain signal are mapped to the subcarriers within the transmission bandwidth, that is, N subcarriers are selected from the K subcarriers to be used as the subcarriers of the second frequency domain signal.

[0209] For example, the N subcarriers of the second frequency domain signal may be mapped to the first N subcarriers of the K subcarriers, or the N subcarriers of the second frequency domain signal may be mapped to the last N subcarriers of the K subcarriers. For another example, N discontinuous subcarriers may be selected from the K subcarriers as the subcarriers of the second frequency domain signal.

[0210] S37: Perform inverse Fourier transform on the mapped second frequency domain signal and the corresponding frequency domain signals on other subcarriers and add a cyclic prefix to generate a first OOK signal.

[0211] The other subcarriers refer to the remaining subcarriers except the first number of subcarriers in the transmission bandwidth.

[0212] For example, Figure 6 For example, the second frequency domain signal after mapping occupies N subcarriers, and the other KN subcarriers may be used for NR / LTE signal transmission. This application scheme realizes the coexistence of NR / LTE signals and Ambient IoT, and the second frequency domain signal after mapping can be inverse Fourier transformed together with the corresponding frequency domain signals on other subcarriers and a cyclic prefix can be added.

[0213] The cyclic prefix (CP) is a cyclic structure formed by copying the signal at the end of the OFDM symbol to the head, which can resist inter-symbol interference (ISI) and inter-carrier interference (ICI).

[0214] The obtained OFDM signal may also be referred to as an OFDM symbol. The OOK signal is located on the OFDM symbol. The OFDM symbol can indicate a frequency domain sequence, including points containing different components and the energy contained in the frequency point.

[0215] It can be understood that when an independent deployment implementation is adopted, there is no corresponding frequency domain signal on subcarriers other than the first number of subcarriers within the transmission bandwidth. At this time, the second frequency domain signal after mapping can be directly inverse Fourier transformed and CP can be added to generate an OFDM symbol carrying the first OOK signal.

[0216] See also Fig.12 , which is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the amplitude and frequency of the second frequency domain signal provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0217] Still taking an OOK signal carrying 4 bits [1, 1, 0, 1] on an OFDM symbol as an example, the number of segments of the ON chip is 1. The frequency points of the time domain signal sequences used by the four ON chips are 0, 2∆f, 4∆f, and 6∆f, respectively, and the first time domain signal is obtained in the manner of S33, and then the second frequency domain signal is determined through S34-S35.

[0218] The waveform of the second frequency domain signal is as follows Fig.12As shown, the amplitude of the signal components on both sides of the DC in the second frequency domain signal is detected. Within the transmission bandwidth, the ratio of the maximum amplitude value to the minimum amplitude value in the second frequency domain signal is 0.695489 / 0.0561514, which is about 12.4, less than the corresponding ratio of 31 for 1024QAM, and significantly lower than the ratio of 69 corresponding to the existing OOK signal generation method.

[0219] As the ratio decreases, the number of quantization bits required to accurately quantize the OOK frequency domain signal can be reduced, which increases the dynamic range of downlink power allocation and improves the flexibility of resource allocation on the network device side. Fig.12 and Figure 8 It can be found that the solution of the present application can make the power of the OOK signal generated based on OFDM diverge in the frequency domain and not be overly concentrated, thereby reducing the signal interference of the OOK signal to the adjacent cells on specific frequency domain resources.

[0220] Based on the OOK signal generation method provided in the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present application further provides a network device, which is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The network device may be a base station, for example, a next generation NodeB (gNB) in an NR system, or an evolved Node B (eNB), etc., which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0221] See also Fig.13 , which is a schematic diagram of a network device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0222] Fig.13 The network device 1100 shown includes a processor 1110 , a memory 1120 , and a transceiver 1130 .

[0223] The processor 1110 is mainly used for baseband processing, controlling network devices, etc. The processor 1110 is usually the control center of the network device, and is used to control the network device to execute the OOK signal generation method in the above method embodiment.

[0224] The memory 1120 is mainly used to store computer program codes and data.

[0225] The transceiver 1130 is mainly used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals and converting radio frequency signals into baseband signals. The transceiver 1130 part may also be called a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, etc.

[0226] The transceiver module of the transceiver 1130 may include an antenna 1133 and a radio frequency circuit (not shown in the figure), wherein the radio frequency circuit is mainly used for performing radio frequency processing.

[0227] Optionally, the device for implementing the receiving function in the transceiver 1130 may be regarded as the receiver 1032, and the device for implementing the transmitting function may be regarded as the transmitter 1031. The receiver 1032 may also be referred to as a receiving module, a receiver, or a receiving circuit, etc., and the transmitter 1031 may be referred to as a transmitting module, a transmitter, or a transmitting circuit, etc.

[0228] The processor 1110 and the memory 1120 may include one or more boards, and each board may include one or more processors and one or more memories.

[0229] The processor 1110 is used to read and execute the program in the memory 1120 to control the network device. If there are multiple boards, each board can be interconnected to enhance the processing capability. As an optional implementation, multiple boards can share one or more processors, or multiple boards can share one or more memories, or multiple boards can share one or more processors at the same time.

[0230] For example, in one implementation, the transceiver module of the transceiver 1130 is used to send information to the Ambient IoT device or receive information sent by the Ambient IoT device. The processor 1110 is used to execute the OOK signal generation method in the above method embodiment.

[0231] It should be understood that Fig.13 This is only an example and not a limitation. The network device including the processor, memory and transceiver may not rely on Fig.13 The structure shown.

[0232] The embodiment of the present application also provides a storage medium, and the computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be stored by a computing device or a data storage device such as a data center that contains one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid-state hard disk), etc. The computer-readable storage medium includes instructions that instruct the network device to execute the above-mentioned method for generating an OOK signal. The embodiment of the present application also provides another computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium includes instructions that instruct the network device to execute the above-mentioned method for generating an OOK signal.

[0233] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product including instructions. The computer program product may be a software or program product including instructions that can be run on a network device or stored in any available medium. When the computer program product runs on a network device, the network device executes the above-mentioned method for generating an OOK signal. The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product including instructions. When the computer program product runs on a network device, the network device executes the above-mentioned method for generating an OOK signal.

[0234] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0235] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for generating an OOK signal, characterized in that: Based on the original on-off keying OOK signal, the method includes: Determine a time domain signal segmentation of each high level segment included in the original OOK signal, wherein each bit signal of the original OOK signal includes one high level segment and one low level segment; Representing each of the time domain signal segments with a time domain signal sequence, wherein the sequence length of the time domain signal sequence is equal to the sequence length of the corresponding time domain signal segment, and among the time domain signal sequences corresponding to each of the time domain signal segments, at least two time domain signal sequences have different time domain frequency points, and each time domain frequency point is within a preset transmission bandwidth; Cascading each of the time domain signal sequences and each of the low-level segments according to the time domain position to obtain a first time domain signal; An orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol carrying a first OOK signal is generated using the first time domain signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of determining the time domain signal segmentation of each high level segment of the original on-off keying OOK signal comprises: At least one of the high-level segments of the original OOK signal is divided into L time-domain signal segments, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of determining the time domain signal segmentation of each high level segment of the original on-off keying OOK signal comprises: When the original OOK signal includes only a 1-bit signal, or when the original OOK signal includes only one of the high-level segments, or when the original OOK signal includes only one of the low-level segments, or when the original OOK signal includes only two of the segments, dividing the high-level segment of the original OOK signal into L time domain signal segments, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 2; When the original OOK signal includes at least a 2-bit signal, or when the original OOK signal includes at least 2 high-level segments, or when the original OOK signal includes at least 2 low-level segments, or when the original OOK signal includes at least 4 segments, each high-level segment of the original OOK signal is determined as a time domain signal segment.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The time domain signal sequence corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment is a complex signal sequence a i (n), the complex signal sequence a i (n) Specifically: ， Wherein, n=0, 1, ..., N-1, N is the number of sampling points included in the i-th time domain signal segment, t s is the sampling time interval, is the first segment corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment p The time domain frequency points of the components, is the first segment corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment p The amplitude of the component, is the first segment corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment p The phase of the components, p=0, 1,…, Q-1, Q is the number of components corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The time domain signal sequence corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment is a complex signal sequence a i (t), the complex signal sequence a i (t) Specifically: ， in, , is the starting time of the i-th time domain signal segment, is the starting time of the i+1th time domain signal segment, is the first segment corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment p The frequency of the component, is the first segment corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment p The amplitude of the component, is the first segment corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment p The phase of the components, p=0, 1,…, Q-1, Q is the number of components corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The time domain signal sequence corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment is a real signal sequence a i (n), the real signal sequence a i (n) Specifically: ， Wherein, n=0, 1, ..., N-1, N is the number of sampling points included in the i-th time domain signal segment, t s is the sampling time interval, is the first segment corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment p The frequency of the component, is the first segment corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment p The amplitude of the component, is the first segment corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment p The phase of the components, p=0, 1,…, Q-1, Q is the number of components corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The time domain signal sequence corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment is a real signal sequence a i (t), the real signal sequence a i (t) Specifically: ， in, , is the starting time of the i-th time domain signal segment, is the starting time of the i+1th time domain signal segment, is the first segment corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment p The frequency of the component, is the first segment corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment p The amplitude of the component, is the first segment corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment p The phase of the components, p=0, 1,…, Q-1, Q is the number of components corresponding to the i-th time domain signal segment.

8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: , is the subcarrier spacing of the OFDM symbol, Is a positive integer.

9. The method according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that: , where K is a positive integer, Greater than or equal to the preset transmission bandwidth.

10. The method according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that: Said , satisfy: 。 11. The method according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that: Said , satisfy: 。 12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The generating of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol carrying a first OOK signal by using the first time domain signal specifically includes: Performing Fourier transform on the first time domain signal to obtain a first frequency domain signal; Clipping the first frequency domain signal to obtain a second frequency domain signal; Mapping subcarriers of the second frequency domain signal to a first number of subcarriers within the preset transmission bandwidth, the number of subcarriers of the second frequency domain signal being the first number; When there are corresponding frequency domain signals on subcarriers other than the first number of subcarriers within the preset transmission bandwidth, the second frequency domain signal after mapping is inverse Fourier transformed together with the corresponding frequency domain signals on the other subcarriers and a cyclic prefix CP is added to generate an OFDM symbol carrying the first OOK signal; otherwise, the second frequency domain signal after mapping is inverse Fourier transformed and a CP is added to generate an OFDM symbol carrying the first OOK signal.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The clipping of the first frequency domain signal to obtain the second frequency domain signal specifically includes: Signal components on both sides of a target frequency point in the first frequency domain signal within a first bandwidth are retained, and the first bandwidth is less than or equal to the preset transmission bandwidth.

14. A network device, characterized in that: The network device includes a processor and a memory; The processor is coupled to the memory; The memory is used to store computer programs and / or instructions; The processor is used to execute the computer program and / or instructions stored in the memory to implement the method for generating an OOK signal according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product comprises a computer program or instructions for executing the method for generating an OOK signal according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

16. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or instruction. When the computer program or instruction is executed on a network device, the network device executes the method for generating an OOK signal according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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