Liquid crystal lens, lens module, lens sub-module and display device

Abstract

A liquid crystal lens is divided into a plurality of light adjustment areas by a horizontal center line and a vertical center line. The horizontal center line is a straight line passing through an optical center of the liquid crystal lens and extending along a first direction. The vertical center line is a straight line passing through the optical center of the liquid crystal lens and extending along a second direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. The liquid crystal lens comprises a liquid crystal layer, a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer. The first electrode layer is arranged on one side of the liquid crystal layer in a stacked manner. The second electrode layer is arranged on the side of the liquid crystal layer away from the first electrode layer in a stacked manner. The second electrode layer comprises a plurality of electrode groups. In the thickness direction of the liquid crystal lens, the first electrode layer corresponds to the positions of the plurality of light adjustment areas, and the electrode groups correspond to the positions of the light adjustment areas. The electrode group comprises a row of driving electrodes arranged along the first direction. At least one of the plurality of electrode groups is a specific electrode group. In the specific electrode group, the included angle between the extension direction of the plurality of driving electrodes and the second direction gradually increases in the direction away from the vertical center line.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of display, and in particular, to a liquid crystal lens, a lens module, a lens sub-module and a display device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of display technology, three-dimensional (3D) display has become an important development trend in the display field. The basic principle of 3D display is to make the left eye and the right eye of the viewer see different images, to form a stereoscopic image pair, and then to make the viewer's brain process the image to produce a stereoscopic effect. Among them, naked eye 3D display is that the viewer does not need to use any special equipment, such as 3D glasses, to directly experience the 3D effect. SUMMARY

[0003] In one aspect, a liquid crystal lens is provided. The liquid crystal lens is divided into a plurality of light adjustment areas by a horizontal center line and a vertical center line. The horizontal center line is a straight line passing through an optical center of the liquid crystal lens and extending along a first direction. The vertical center line is a straight line passing through the optical center of the liquid crystal lens and extending along a second direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0004] The liquid crystal lens includes a liquid crystal layer, a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer. The first electrode layer is arranged on one side of the liquid crystal layer in a stacked manner. In a thickness direction of the liquid crystal lens, the first electrode layer corresponds to positions of the plurality of light adjustment areas. The second electrode layer is arranged on a side of the liquid crystal layer away from the first electrode layer in a stacked manner. The second electrode layer includes a plurality of electrode groups. In the thickness direction of the liquid crystal lens, the electrode groups correspond to the positions of the light adjustment areas. The electrode group includes a row of driving electrodes arranged along the first direction.

[0005] At least one of the plurality of electrode groups is a specific electrode group. In the specific electrode group, the tilt angles of the plurality of driving electrodes gradually increase in a direction away from the vertical center line. The tilt angle of the driving electrode is an included angle formed between an extension direction of the driving electrode and the second direction.

[0006] The liquid crystal lens provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure changes the arrangement mode of the driving electrodes, changes the electric field distribution between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, and further changes the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules. In a large viewing angle range, the deviation of the optical path distribution curve from the ideal optical path distribution curve is reduced, and the light deflection is reduced. The light of the left eye display unit enters the left eye more, the light of the right eye display unit enters the right eye more, the crosstalk is reduced, the image clarity is improved, and the 3D display effect is improved.

[0007] In some embodiments, the end of the drive electrode further away from the horizontal centerline is a distal end of the drive electrode, and the end of the drive electrode closer to the horizontal centerline is a proximal end of the drive electrode. The plurality of electrode groups includes a first particular electrode group and a second particular electrode group on the same side of the vertical centerline. The distal end of the drive electrode in the first particular electrode group is further away from the vertical centerline than the proximal end. The distal end of the drive electrode in the second particular electrode group is further away from the vertical centerline than the proximal end.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first particular electrode group and the second particular electrode group are axially symmetric along the horizontal centerline.

[0009] In some embodiments, the end of the drive electrode further away from the horizontal centerline is a distal end of the drive electrode, and the end of the drive electrode closer to the horizontal centerline is a proximal end of the drive electrode. The particular electrode group includes a first drive electrode and a second drive electrode. The first drive electrode is further away from the vertical centerline than the second drive electrode. The distal end of the first drive electrode is closer to the vertical centerline than the proximal end, and the distal end of the second drive electrode is closer to the vertical centerline than the proximal end. The distance from the distal end of the first drive electrode to the horizontal centerline is greater than the distance from the distal end of the second drive electrode to the horizontal centerline.

[0010] In some embodiments, the distal end of the first drive electrode and / or the distal end of the second drive electrode is on the vertical centerline.

[0011] In some embodiments, the plurality of electrode groups includes a third particular electrode group and a fourth particular electrode group on opposite sides of the vertical centerline. At least one drive electrode in the third particular electrode group is connected to at least one drive electrode in the fourth particular electrode group.

[0012] In some embodiments, all drive electrodes in the particular electrode group are on the same side of the vertical centerline.

[0013] In some embodiments, the plurality of electrode groups includes a fifth particular electrode group and a sixth particular electrode group on the same side of the vertical centerline. A plurality of drive electrodes in the fifth particular electrode group are respectively connected to a plurality of drive electrodes in the sixth particular electrode group. Alternatively, each drive electrode in the fifth particular electrode group is mutually insulated from all drive electrodes in the sixth particular electrode group.

[0014] In some embodiments, the plurality of drive electrodes in the particular electrode group are equally spaced apart by their proximal ends. The proximal end of the drive electrode is the end of the drive electrode closer to the horizontal centerline.

[0015] In some embodiments, among the plurality of electrode groups, two electrode groups on the same side of the horizontal centerline are axially symmetric along the vertical centerline.

[0016] In some embodiments, the liquid crystal lens further comprises a plurality of edge electrodes. The extension direction of the edge electrodes is parallel to the vertical center line. The edge electrodes are located on the side of the electrode groups away from the vertical center line.

[0017] In some embodiments, the specific electrode group comprises a third driving electrode and a fourth driving electrode. The third driving electrode is farther away from the edge electrode than the fourth driving electrode. The distal end of the third driving electrode is closer to the edge electrode than the proximal end. The distal end of the fourth driving electrode is closer to the edge electrode than the proximal end. The distance from the distal end of the third driving electrode to the horizontal center line is greater than the distance from the distal end of the fourth driving electrode to the horizontal center line. Alternatively, the line connecting the distal end of the third driving electrode and the distal end of the fourth driving electrode is parallel to the horizontal center line.

[0018] In some embodiments, the plurality of driving electrodes of the specific electrode group are insulated from each other.

[0019] In some embodiments, the driving electrodes have equal width.

[0020] In some embodiments, the driving electrodes have a curved shape, and the plurality of driving electrodes protrude away from the vertical center line. Alternatively, the plurality of driving electrodes have a straight strip shape.

[0021] In some embodiments, the liquid crystal lens further comprises a center electrode. The straight line on which the center electrode is located overlaps with the vertical center line.

[0022] In some embodiments, the liquid crystal lens further comprises a first alignment layer and / or a second alignment layer. The first alignment layer is disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the first electrode layer, and the alignment direction of the first alignment layer is parallel to the second direction. The second alignment layer is disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the second electrode layer. The alignment direction of the second alignment layer is parallel to the second direction.

[0023] In some embodiments, the liquid crystal lens is formed by splicing a plurality of liquid crystal sub-lenses. The liquid crystal layer is isolated from each other in different parts of the different liquid crystal sub-lenses. At least two of the plurality of electrode groups of the liquid crystal lens are distributed in different liquid crystal sub-lenses.

[0024] In another aspect, a lens module is provided. The lens module is configured to form a plurality of liquid crystal lenses. The liquid crystal lenses are as described in any of the above embodiments, and the plurality of liquid crystal lenses are connected. The beneficial effects that can be achieved by the lens module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can refer to the beneficial effects of the liquid crystal lens described above, which will not be described here again.

[0025] In yet another aspect, a lens sub-module is provided. A plurality of lens sub-modules are configured to be spliced into at least one liquid crystal lens; the liquid crystal lens is divided into M light adjustment areas by a horizontal center line and a vertical center line, the horizontal center line is a straight line passing through the center of the liquid crystal lens and extending along a first direction, and the vertical center line is a straight line passing through the center of the liquid crystal lens and extending along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0026] The lens sub-module includes a liquid crystal sub-layer, a first electrode sub-layer and a second electrode sub-layer. The first electrode sub-layer is stacked on one side of the liquid crystal sub-layer. In the thickness direction of the liquid crystal lens, the first electrode sub-layer corresponds to the positions of the N light adjustment areas of the liquid crystal lens, N is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M. The second electrode sub-layer is stacked on the side of the liquid crystal sub-layer away from the first electrode sub-layer. The second electrode sub-layer includes an electrode group corresponding to each position of the N light adjustment areas; in the thickness direction of the liquid crystal lens, the N electrode groups correspond to the positions of the N light adjustment areas one by one. The electrode group includes a row of driving electrodes arranged along the first direction.

[0027] Among them, at least one of the N electrode groups is a specific electrode group. In the specific electrode group, the tilt angles of the plurality of driving electrodes gradually increase in the direction away from the vertical center line. The tilt angle of the driving electrode is the included angle formed by the extension direction of the driving electrode and the second direction.

[0028] The lens sub-module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can achieve the beneficial effects of the liquid crystal lens, which can be referred to in the above, and will not be described here.

[0029] In yet another aspect, a display device is provided. The display device includes a display panel and a liquid crystal lens as described in any of the above embodiments. The liquid crystal lens is arranged on the light-emitting side of the display panel. Therefore, it can achieve the beneficial effects of the liquid crystal lens, which can be referred to in the above, and will not be described here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present disclosure, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in some embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art according to these drawings. In addition, the drawings in the following description can be regarded as schematic diagrams, and are not limited to the actual size, actual process, actual time sequence, etc. of the products involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 1 A perspective view of a display device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 1;

[0032] Figure 2A top view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 3 A top view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view taken along section line A1-A2 in FIG. 1;

[0034] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view taken along section line A1-A2 in FIG. 1; Figure 3 An enlarged view of B in FIG. 1;

[0035] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an arrangement of liquid crystal molecules in an initial state of a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 6 An equivalent structure diagram of a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 7 A light path distribution curve of a liquid crystal lens;

[0038] Figure 8 A partial structure diagram of a second electrode layer according to the related art;

[0039] Figure 9A A schematic diagram of a change in equivalent refractive index of liquid crystal molecules with a change in lateral viewing angle;

[0040] Figure 9B A schematic diagram of different viewing angle coordinates when a human eye is in different positions according to the related art;

[0041] Figure 9C A comparison diagram of an ideal light path distribution curve and a light path distribution curve of a liquid crystal lens when a lateral viewing angle is 0°;

[0042] Figure 10 A structure diagram of a second electrode layer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 11 A structure diagram of a driving electrode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] Figure 12 A comparison curve diagram of light path distributions of a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] Figure 13A A light path distribution curve of a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure when a lateral viewing angle is 0° in a top view;

[0046] Figure 13B A light path distribution curve of a liquid crystal lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure when a lateral viewing angle is 0° in a bottom view;

[0047] Figure 14A structure diagram of a second electrode layer provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0048] Figure 15 A structure diagram of a second electrode layer provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0049] Figure 16A A structure diagram of a second electrode layer provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0050] Figure 16B A structure diagram of a second electrode layer provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 16A A sectional view taken along the sectional line C1-C2 in FIG. 1;

[0051] Figure 17 A structure diagram of a second electrode layer provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0052] Figure 18 A structure diagram of a second electrode layer provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0053] Figure 19 A structure diagram of a second electrode layer provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0054] Figure 20 A top view of a display device provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0055] Figure 21 A structure diagram of a second electrode layer provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 20 A sectional view taken along the sectional line E1-E2 in FIG. 2;

[0056] Figure 22 A structure diagram of a second electrode sub-layer of a first lens sub-module and a second lens sub-module provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0057] Figure 23A A structure diagram of a lens module provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0058] Figure 23B A structure diagram of a second electrode layer provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 23A A sectional view taken along the sectional line D1-D2 in FIG. 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The technical solutions in some embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments provided by the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0060] Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the term "comprise," and variations thereof (e.g., "comprises" and "comprising"), will be construed to be inclusive in a manner consistent with the term's plain meaning, namely, "including but not limited to." In describing the description, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiments," "example," "specific example" or "some examples," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic is included in at least one embodiment or example of the disclosure, but that it can not be included in other embodiments or examples. The illustrative appearance of the foregoing terms in various places in the description are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0061] Hereinafter, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only for the purpose of description and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the disclosure, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specified.

[0062] In describing some embodiments, "coupled" and "connected," and variations thereof, can be used. The term "connected" should be interpreted broadly, for example, "connected" can be fixedly connected, or detachably connected, or integrated; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The term "coupled" indicates, for example, that two or more components have direct physical contact or electrical contact. The term "coupled" or "communicatively coupled" can also mean that two or more components do not have direct contact with each other, but still cooperate or interact with each other. The embodiments disclosed herein are not necessarily limited to the content herein.

[0063] "A, B, and C at least one of" has the same meaning as "at least one of A, B, or C", and includes the following combinations of A, B, and C: only A, only B, only C, a combination of A and B, a combination of A and C, a combination of B and C, and a combination of A, B, and C.

[0064] "A and / or B" includes the following three combinations: only A, only B, and a combination of A and B.

[0065] The use of "adapted to" or "configured to" herein is intended to be open and inclusive language that does not exclude devices adapted or configured to perform additional tasks or steps.

[0066] Additionally, the use of “based on” is meant to be open and inclusive, as a process, step, calculation, or other action “based on” one or more stated conditions or values ​​may, in practice, be based on additional conditions or values ​​beyond those stated.

[0067] As used herein, "about," "substantially," or "approximately" includes the stated value and an average value that is within an acceptable range of deviation from the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art taking into account the measurements in question and the errors associated with the measurement of the particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system).

[0068] As used herein, "parallel", "perpendicular", and "equal" include the situations described and situations similar to the situations described, and the range of the similar situations is within an acceptable deviation range, wherein the acceptable deviation range is as determined by a person of ordinary skill in the art taking into account the measurement in question and the errors associated with the measurement of the specific quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, "parallel" includes absolute parallelism and approximate parallelism, wherein the acceptable deviation range of approximate parallelism can be, for example, a deviation within 5°; "perpendicular" includes absolute perpendicularity and approximate perpendicularity, wherein the acceptable deviation range of approximate perpendicularity can also be, for example, a deviation within 5°. "Equal" includes absolute equality and approximate equality, wherein the acceptable deviation range of approximate equality can be, for example, that the difference between the two equals is less than or equal to 5% of either one.

[0069] It will be understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being on another layer or substrate, it can be directly on the other layer or substrate, or intervening layers may be present therebetween.

[0070] Exemplary embodiments are described herein with reference to cross-sectional and / or plan views that are idealized exemplary drawings. In the drawings, the thickness of layers and the area of ​​regions are exaggerated for clarity. Therefore, variations in shape relative to the drawings due to, for example, manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances are contemplated. Therefore, the exemplary embodiments should not be construed as limited to the shapes of the regions shown herein, but rather include deviations in shape due to, for example, manufacturing. For example, an etched region shown as a rectangle will typically have curved features. Therefore, the regions shown in the drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the actual shape of regions of the device and are not intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

[0071] The related art is to set a grating structure in front of the light source array of the display, so that the left eye and the right eye of the viewer see different pictures, thereby forming a 3D display effect. However, the line width and the line gap of the grating structure are limited by the etching process, the lens period uniformity formed is not good, and the 3D display effect is poor. Moreover, since the line width and the line gap structure are fixed and cannot be changed, the grating structure can only realize 3D display and cannot realize 2D and 3D display switching.

[0072] To solve the above problems, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display device. The display device is an electronic device with an image (including a still image or a dynamic image, where the dynamic image can be a video) display function. For example, the display device can be any one of a display, a television, a billboard, a digital photo frame, a laser printer with a display function, a telephone, a mobile phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a digital camera, a camcorder, a viewfinder, a navigator, a large-area wall, a household appliance, an information inquiry device (such as a business inquiry device of an electronic government, a bank, a hospital, and a power department), a monitor, an electronic picture screen, and a vehicle-mounted display, but is not limited thereto.

[0073] Figure 1 A perspective view of a display device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 2 A top view of a display device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0074] Referring to Figure 1 The display device 1000 includes a display panel 200 and a lens module 300. The lens module 300 is disposed on the light exit side of the display panel 200, and the display panel 200 and the lens module 300 are spaced apart, but are not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the lens module 300 can also be attached to the display panel 200. Exemplarily, the lens module 300 is connected to the display panel 200 through an adhesive layer. The material of the adhesive layer can be optical clear adhesive (OCA), or other transparent adhesive that can achieve adhesion.

[0075] The display panel 200 is configured to provide an image. The display panel 200 has a display area AA and a non-display area SA, where the display area AA is an area of the display panel 200 for displaying a picture, and the non-display area SA is an area of the display panel 200 other than the display area AA. The non-display area SA can be located on at least one side (e.g., one side, or multiple sides) of the display area AA. For example, the non-display area SA can be disposed around the display area AA.

[0076] Referring to Figure 2The display panel 200 includes a plurality of left-eye display units 210 and a plurality of right-eye display units 220 distributed at intervals. The left-eye display unit 210 includes at least one column (e.g., one column, or alternatively, multiple columns) of sub-pixels, such as one column of red sub-pixels, one column of green sub-pixels, or one column of blue sub-pixels, or alternatively, one column of red sub-pixels, one column of green sub-pixels, and one column of blue sub-pixels. Each sub-pixel of the same light-emitting color can be arranged in an array. The structure of the right-eye display unit 220 can refer to the structure of the left-eye display unit 210, which will not be described again here. The left-eye display unit 210 displays a left-eye image, and the right-eye display unit 220 displays a right-eye image, so that the left eye of the viewer sees the left-eye image and the right eye of the viewer sees the right-eye image.

[0077] Continuing to refer to Figure 1 In some embodiments, the display panel 200 can be a self-luminous display panel, for example. The display panel 200 can be any one of an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) display panel, and a micro light-emitting diode (MiniLED or Micro LED) display panel.

[0078] In yet some embodiments, the display device 1000 includes the display panel 200 and a backlight module (not shown in the figure). The display panel 200 is a non-self-luminous display panel, such as a liquid crystal display panel. The backlight module is disposed on the back side (i.e., the side away from the lens module 300) of the display panel 200 and is configured to provide backlight to the display panel 200.

[0079] Continuing to refer to Figure 2 The lens module 300 is configured to form a plurality of liquid crystal lenses 100, and the plurality of liquid crystal lenses 100 are connected. The plurality of liquid crystal lenses 100 can be arranged in a row. Although Figure 2 A limited number of liquid crystal lenses 100 are shown in FIG. 1, but the number of liquid crystal lenses 100 in the lens module 300 is not limited.

[0080] The liquid crystal lens 100 is an optical component that focuses or diverges light by using the birefringence of liquid crystal molecules and the arrangement change with the electric field distribution. Each liquid crystal lens 100 covers at least one (e.g., one, and also multiple) left-eye display unit 210 and at least one (e.g., one, and also multiple) right-eye display unit 220. A voltage is applied to the liquid crystal lens 100 to deflect the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal lens 100 to form a specific arrangement, which makes the liquid crystal lens equivalent to a convex lens structure. When the display area AA of the display panel 200 displays, light is emitted from the left-eye display unit 210 and the right-eye display unit 220, respectively, and then refracted by the liquid crystal lens 100 into the viewer's eyes.

[0081] For the convenience of the following description, an XYZ coordinate system is established. The horizontal center line L1 of the liquid crystal lens 100 is a straight line that passes through the optical center O of the liquid crystal lens 100 and extends along the first direction X, and the vertical center line L2 is a straight line that passes through the optical center O of the liquid crystal lens 100 and extends along the second direction Y, the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to each other. The third direction Z is along the thickness direction of the liquid crystal lens 100, and is perpendicular to the plane formed by the first direction X and the second direction Y. In addition, the horizontal center line L1 of the liquid crystal lens 100 can be parallel to the horizontal center line L3 of the display panel 200, for example, can coincide. Figure 1 The horizontal center line of the display panel 200 is a straight line that passes through the center (e.g., the geometric center) of the display area AA of the display panel 200 and extends along the first direction X. The first direction X is approximately parallel to the bearing plane of the display device 1000, the ground, or the line connecting the two eyes of the viewer.

[0082] Figure 3 For Figure 2 The cross-sectional view taken along the section line A1-A2. Figure 4 For Figure 3 The enlarged view at B.

[0083] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the liquid crystal lens 100 includes a first substrate 10, a second substrate 70, a first electrode layer 20, a second electrode layer 50, and a liquid crystal layer 40.

[0084] The first substrate 10 and the second substrate 70 are oppositely arranged. The first substrate 10 can have a single-layer or multi-layer structure. The material of the first substrate 10 can include any one of transparent plastic, transparent glass, or transparent quartz, etc. The thickness of the first substrate 10 is not particularly limited and can be appropriately controlled as needed. The structure, material, and thickness of the second substrate 70 can refer to the introduction of the first substrate 10, which will not be repeated here.

[0085] The liquid crystal layer 40 is disposed between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 70. The liquid crystal layer 40 includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 41. These liquid crystal molecules 41 can be distributed in a uniform density throughout the area of the liquid crystal layer 40 (only some of the liquid crystal molecules 41 are shown in FIG. 1). Figure 4 The liquid crystal molecules 41 are uniaxial crystals, which have only one optical axis. The optical axis, also referred to as the optical axis, is the direction in which the two wavefronts of light propagating in the crystal are equal in speed. In this direction, the light has no change in optical properties. For liquid crystal molecules, they can be classified into rod-type liquid crystal molecules and discotic liquid crystal molecules according to their shapes. In the rod-type liquid crystal molecules, the long axis direction is the optical axis direction. In the discotic liquid crystal molecules, the short axis direction is the optical axis direction. In some embodiments, the liquid crystal molecules 41 in the liquid crystal layer 40 are rod-type liquid crystal molecules, and the long axis direction is the optical axis direction. The liquid crystal molecules 41 can be positive liquid crystal molecules or negative liquid crystal molecules. In this embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules 41 are positive liquid crystal molecules.

[0086] The initial orientation directions of all the liquid crystal molecules 41 can be substantially parallel. Specifically, the normal projections of the optical axes (e.g., the long axes of the rod-type liquid crystal molecules) of the liquid crystal molecules 41 on the first substrate 10 are parallel to each other. In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the initial orientation directions of the liquid crystal molecules 41 are parallel to the second direction Y.

[0087] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of one arrangement state of the liquid crystal molecules in the initial state of the liquid crystal lens of this embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0088] In some embodiments, the liquid crystal molecules 41 can also have a pre-tilt angle, which is the acute angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule 41 and the initial orientation direction in the absence of an electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer 40. The degree of the pre-tilt angle can be small, and for example, the pre-tilt angle is in the range of 2°±1°, i.e., the range of [1°, 3°]. For example, the pre-tilt angle is 1°. The pre-tilt angle can have a direction. In the YZ plane, if the optical axis of a liquid crystal molecule 41 is counterclockwise rotated by an acute angle relative to the initial orientation direction to form the pre-tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecule 41, then the pre-tilt angle is represented by a positive number, which is referred to as a positive pre-tilt angle. If the optical axis of a liquid crystal molecule 41 is clockwise rotated by an acute angle relative to the initial orientation direction to form the pre-tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecule 41, then the pre-tilt angle is represented by a negative number, which is referred to as a negative pre-tilt angle. Specifically, see FIG. 2, the pre-tilt angles of the plurality of liquid crystal molecules 41 include a first pre-tilt angle a and a second pre-tilt angle β, and the directions (or the positive or negative) of the first pre-tilt angle a and the second pre-tilt angle β can be the same or different, which is not limited in the present disclosure. For example, Figure 5 Figure 5 ​It is shown that the first pre-tilt angle a and the second pre-tilt angle b of the liquid crystal molecules on both sides of the horizontal center line L1 are equal in size and opposite in direction. For example, the first pre-tilt angle a can be 2°, and the second pre-tilt angle b can be -2°. At this time, Figure 5 In the embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules on both sides of the horizontal center line L1 (i.e. Figure 2 In the embodiment, the liquid crystal on the upper half of the liquid crystal lens 100 and the liquid crystal on the lower half are approximately symmetrically distributed, so that the upward viewing effect and the downward viewing effect of the user are close. Exemplarily, in the thickness direction of the liquid crystal lens 100, the pre-tilt angle direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 40 can also be different.

[0089] Continuing to refer to Figure 4 The first electrode layer 20 is arranged on one side of the liquid crystal layer 40. In the embodiment, the first electrode layer 20 is located between the first substrate 10 and the liquid crystal layer 40. The first electrode layer 20 is a planar electrode. The boundary of the first electrode layer 20 is a closed contour line, which surrounds the display area AA of the display panel 200 once, or at least partially (partially or entirely) overlaps with the edge of the display area AA. The material of the first electrode layer 20 can include at least one of transparent conductive materials such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), Zinc Oxide (ZO), Indium Oxide (IO), Titanium Oxide (TiO), or other suitable materials.

[0090] The second electrode layer 50 is arranged on the side of the liquid crystal layer 40 away from the first electrode layer 20. In the embodiment, the second electrode layer 50 is located between the second substrate 70 and the liquid crystal layer 40. The second electrode layer 50 includes a row of driving electrodes arranged along the first direction X, and the driving electrodes are strip-shaped electrodes. Each driving electrode is connected to at least one signal line, and is used to apply a voltage to each driving electrode. The material of the second electrode layer 50 can refer to the material of the first electrode layer 20 described above, which will not be described here. The materials of the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 50 can be the same or different, and the embodiment does not limit the materials. In another implementation manner, the positions of the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 50 can be interchanged. The second electrode layer 50 is located between the first substrate 10 and the liquid crystal layer 40, and the first electrode layer 20 is located between the second substrate 70 and the liquid crystal layer 40.

[0091] Figure 6 An equivalent structure diagram of a liquid crystal lens provided in the embodiment.

[0092] A voltage is applied to the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 50 of the liquid crystal lens 100, and the liquid crystal lens 100 forms a lens as shown inFigure 6 An equivalent convex lens structure 100’ is shown. Referring to Figure 6 The convex lens structure 100’ has an optical center O’, which coincides with the optical center O of the liquid crystal lens 100, and the convex direction is the thickness direction of the liquid crystal lens 100.

[0093] The liquid crystal lens 100 is divided into a plurality of (for example, four) dimming zones D by the horizontal center line L1 and the vertical center line L2 along the third direction Z. Exemplarily, the plurality of dimming zones D includes a first dimming zone D1, a second dimming zone D2, a third dimming zone D3, and a fourth dimming zone D4. The orthographic projection of the dimming zones D on the display panel 200 is located within the display area AA of the display panel 200. The light emitted by the display panel 200 enters the dimming zones D of the liquid crystal lens 100 and is emitted from the dimming zones D of the liquid crystal lens 100 to the human eye.

[0094] The first electrode layer 20 corresponds to the plurality of dimming zones D in the third direction Z. For example, the first electrode layer 20 can also be divided into a plurality of (for example, four) parts by the horizontal center line L1 and the vertical center line L2, and the plurality of parts correspond one-to-one to the plurality of dimming zones D, and each part is located within the corresponding dimming zone D.

[0095] Continuing to refer to Figure 4 A voltage is applied to the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 50, an electric field is formed between the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode 50, and the electric field drives the liquid crystal molecules 41 to deflect. By optimizing the arrangement position of the row of driving electrodes of the second electrode layer 50, adjusting the electric field distribution between the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 50, making full use of the balance of the intermolecular force of the liquid crystal molecules 41 and the torsional force of the liquid crystal molecules 41 brought by the electric field distribution, adjusting the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules 41. The light enters the liquid crystal lens 100 along the third direction Z, passes through the second substrate 70, the second electrode layer 50, the liquid crystal layer 40, the first electrode layer 20 and the first substrate 10 in turn, and is emitted from the first substrate 10 of the liquid crystal lens 100.

[0096] In some embodiments, continuing to refer to Figure 4The liquid crystal lens 100 further comprises at least one (e.g., one, and also two) alignment layer for guiding the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules 41. Each alignment layer is arranged on one side of the liquid crystal layer 40. The liquid crystal lens 100 can comprise any one of the first alignment layer 30 and the second alignment layer 60, or comprise both the first alignment layer 30 and the second alignment layer 60. Exemplarily, the first alignment layer 30 is arranged in a stack with the liquid crystal layer 40, and is arranged between the liquid crystal layer 40 and the first electrode layer 20; the second alignment layer 60 is arranged between the liquid crystal layer 40 and the second electrode layer 50. The material of the alignment layer can be at least one of polyimide film (PI), silicon oxide, diamond like carbon (DLC), or other materials with good light transmittance. The materials of the first alignment layer 30 and the second alignment layer 60 can be the same or different.

[0097] The alignment layer has an alignment direction, for example, the alignment direction is parallel to the second direction Y. Under the influence of the alignment direction of the alignment layer, the normal projection of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 41 close to the alignment layer on the alignment layer is parallel to the alignment direction, forming the initial orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules 41. Specifically, the initial orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules 41 close to the first alignment layer 30 is parallel or approximately parallel to the alignment direction of the first alignment layer 30, and the initial orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules 41 close to the second alignment layer 60 is parallel or approximately parallel to the alignment direction of the second alignment layer 60. Exemplarily, the alignment direction of the first alignment layer 30 is parallel to the second direction Y, and the alignment direction of the second alignment layer 60 is parallel to the second direction Y. Since the alignment directions of the first alignment layer 30 and the second alignment layer 60 are the same, it can be considered that the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 41 actually close to the first alignment layer 30 and the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 41 actually close to the second alignment layer 60 are approximately parallel, and the initial orientation directions of the liquid crystal molecules 41 are the same. Since there is intermolecular force between the liquid crystal molecules 41 in the first liquid crystal layer 40, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 41 in the liquid crystal layer 40 can be parallel or approximately parallel to each other, so it can be considered that the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 41 in the liquid crystal layer 40 are all parallel or approximately parallel to the plane where the first alignment layer 30 and / or the second alignment layer 60 is located, and are all parallel or approximately parallel to the alignment direction of the first alignment layer 30 and the second alignment layer 60.

[0098] On the basis of the alignment direction being determined, the pre-tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules 41 is the acute angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 41 and the alignment direction. In the absence of an electric field, the extension direction of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 41 is the direction after rotating the pre-tilt angle on the basis of the initial orientation direction.

[0099] Continuing to refer to Figure 4, along the first direction X, the electric field formed between the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 50 can be an arc-shaped electric field, the electric field strength first decreases and then increases, and the electric field strength at the vertical center line L2 is the lowest. Under the influence of the electric field, the liquid crystal molecules 41 are deflected. Specifically, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 41 is longer than the short axis, and since the initial orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules is along the second direction Y, the torque required for the liquid crystal molecules 41 to deflect in the YZ plane is much smaller than the torque required for the liquid crystal molecules 41 to deflect in the XZ plane, so the liquid crystal molecules 41 will deflect in the YZ plane under the action of the electric field. As shown in Figure 4 , the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules 41 in the YZ plane first decreases and then increases.

[0100] Figure 7 The optical path distribution curve of the liquid crystal lens.

[0101] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 7 , for incident light polarized along the second direction Y, after a voltage is applied between the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 50, the greater the angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 41 and the XY plane, the smaller the optical path; the smaller the angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 41 and the XY plane, the greater the optical path. That is, the greater the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules 41 in the YZ plane compared to the initial state, the smaller the optical path. As shown in Figure 4 , along the first direction X, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules 41 in the YZ plane compared to the initial state first decreases and then increases, so that the total optical path distribution first increases and then decreases, showing an arc-shaped appearance.

[0102] In other implementations, the initial orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules 41 is parallel to the first direction X. Then, under the action of the electric field between the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 50, the torque required for the liquid crystal molecules 41 to deflect in the YZ plane is much smaller than the torque required for the liquid crystal molecules 41 to deflect in the XZ plane, so the liquid crystal molecules 41 will deflect in the YZ plane under the action of the electric field.

[0103] Figure 8 The local structure diagram of the second electrode layer provided in the related art.

[0104] In the related art, when a human eye watches a small-size display device, assuming that the human eye is in the front of the small-size display device, if the viewer wants to watch the picture displayed in the entire display area, the viewing angle does not change much, the angle between the line of sight and the third direction Z is substantially the normal viewing angle, that is, the human eye and the lens module are always at the normal viewing angle, and there is no need to look down or look up at the lens module. The light source array of the display device sequentially transmits left-eye images and right-eye images through the liquid crystal lens of the lens module, so that the left eye of the viewer sees the left-eye images and the right eye sees the right-eye images, realizing naked-eye 3D display.

[0105] At this time, referring to Figure 8 The second electrode layer 50' of the liquid crystal lens comprises a plurality of driving electrodes 80' arranged along the first direction X. The interval d between any two adjacent driving electrodes 80' is the same. By applying a voltage on each driving electrode 80' through a signal line respectively, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are affected by the electric field formed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer 50', and deflection occurs. Again, because the interval d between adjacent driving electrodes 80' is the same, on the same side of the vertical center line L2, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules 41 is the same at positions with the same distance from the vertical center line L2. Along the first direction X, because the electric field strength first decreases and then increases, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the YZ plane first decreases and then increases. When the human eye is always at a normal viewing angle with the lens module, the optical path distribution curve of the liquid crystal lens at this time is the normal viewing angle optical path distribution curve (optical path distribution ideal curve), and the curve shape is a smooth arch.

[0106] In application scenarios such as TV, monitor, cinema, etc., the size of the display device 1000 is large; accordingly, the size of the lens module 300 in the display device is also large. Continue to refer to Figure 1 The lens module 300 has a horizontal center line L1a and a vertical center line L2a, wherein the vertical center line L2a is perpendicular to the horizontal center line L1a. The vertical center line L2a of the lens module 300 can be parallel to the vertical center line L4 of the display panel 200, for example, can coincide. The vertical center line of the display panel 200 is a straight line passing through the center (for example, the geometric center) of the display area AA of the display panel 200 and extending along the second direction Y. The second direction Y is substantially perpendicular to the ground.

[0107] When a viewer watches the large-size display device 1000, assuming that the human eye is in the center of the display panel 200, if the viewer wants to watch the picture displayed on the entire display area AA, the viewing angle will change greatly. Exemplarily, when the viewer watches the image displayed at the center of the display area AA (i.e., the viewing point is at the center of the display area AA), the viewing angle (i.e., the angle between the line of sight and the third direction Z) can be 0°, which can be referred to as the normal viewing angle. When the viewer watches the image displayed at the edge of the display area AA, the viewing angle is larger. Specifically, when the viewer looks up to watch the upper half of the display area AA, for example, the viewing point is at the upper half of the vertical center line L4 of the display panel 200 (or the viewing point is at the upper half of the vertical center line L2a of the lens module 300), at this time, the horizontal viewing angle is 0°, and the vertical viewing angle is θy (represented by a positive number); when the viewer looks down to watch the lower half of the display area AA, for example, the viewing point is at the lower half of the vertical center line L4 of the display panel 200 (or the viewing point is at the lower half of the vertical center line L2a of the lens module 300), at this time, the horizontal viewing angle is 0°, and the vertical viewing angle is θy (represented by a negative number). That is, as the viewing point moves from top to bottom, the absolute value of the vertical viewing angle first decreases and then increases. Similarly, when the viewer watches the left half of the display area AA, for example, the viewing point is at the left half of the horizontal center line L3 of the display panel 200 (or the viewing point is at the left half of the horizontal center line L1a of the lens module 300), at this time, the vertical viewing angle is 0°, and the horizontal viewing angle is θx (represented by a negative number). When the viewer watches the right half of the display area AA, for example, the viewing point is at the right half of the horizontal center line L3 of the display panel 200 (or the viewing point is at the right half of the horizontal center line L1a of the lens module 300), at this time, the vertical viewing angle is 0°, and the horizontal viewing angle is θx (represented by a positive number).

[0108] If the viewing point is neither on the horizontal center line L3 of the display panel 200 nor on the vertical center line L4 of the display panel 200, a vertical point of the viewing point on the horizontal center line L3 can be connected with the human eye to form a straight line, and the angle between the straight line and the third direction Z is taken as the horizontal viewing angle of the viewing point; a vertical point of the viewing point on the vertical center line L4 can also be connected with the human eye to form a straight line, and the angle between the straight line and the third direction Z is taken as the vertical viewing angle of the viewing point. For a liquid crystal lens 100, if the plurality of driving electrodes of the second electrode layer 50 are still arranged according to the scheme of Figure 8 , that is, the plurality of driving electrodes are all parallel to the vertical center line L2 and are arranged at equal intervals along the first direction X, at this time, the liquid crystals with equal distances from the vertical center line L2 are subjected to the same electric field, and thus the actual deflection angles of the liquid crystal molecules 41 are the same compared with the initial state.

[0109] Figure 9A A schematic diagram of the change of the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules with the change of the horizontal viewing angle.Figure 9B Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of different viewing angle coordinates when the human eye is in different positions in the related art. Figure 9C Fig. 2 is a comparison diagram of an ideal curve of optical path distribution and a curve of optical path distribution of a liquid crystal lens when the lateral viewing angle is 0°.

[0110] Due to the large size of the display device, when the human eye views the display area from a top-down or bottom-up perspective, the longitudinal viewing angle changes. With the change of the longitudinal viewing angle, the optical path distribution curve of the liquid crystal lens also changes.

[0111] Referring to Figure 9A , the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 41 is anisotropic, that is, the liquid crystal molecules 41 have two refractive indices in the optical sense, namely, the ordinary ray refractive index (n o ) for the long axis direction and the extraordinary ray refractive index (n e ) for the short axis direction. Referring to Figure 9A (a), with the change of the lateral viewing angle, the equivalent refractive index exhibited by the liquid crystal molecules 41 for incident light polarized along the second direction Y does not change. Referring to Figure 9A (b), for incident light polarized along the second direction Y, if the light ray for other directions (not along the long axis direction and the short axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules) passes through the liquid crystal molecules 41, the equivalent refractive index n eff exhibited by the liquid crystal molecules 41 is greater than n e and less than n o . Accordingly, the light path of the ordinary ray in the long axis direction through the liquid crystal molecules 41 is the smallest, the light path of the extraordinary ray in the short axis direction through the liquid crystal molecules 41 is the largest, and the light path of the light ray for other directions through the liquid crystal molecules 41 is between the two.

[0112] Referring to Figure 9B and Figure 9C , the longitudinal viewing angle θy0=0° at the horizontal center line, the longitudinal viewing angle θy gradually increases along the second direction Y, for example, θy1=10° and θy2=20°. When the human eye is at the longitudinal viewing angle θy0=0°, the corresponding optical path distribution curve is close to the ideal curve of optical path distribution. The optical path distribution curve of the liquid crystal lens is drawn when the lateral viewing angle is 0°.

[0113] At the x1 position (the coordinate on the first direction X is x1),

[0114] wherein L θy2＝0° represents the distance of the longitudinal coordinate corresponding to the horizontal coordinate x1 on the ideal curve of optical path distribution to the X axis, L θy2＝20° represents the distance of the longitudinal coordinate corresponding to the horizontal coordinate x1 on the curve of optical path distribution of the liquid crystal lens drawn when the lateral viewing angle is 0° to the X axis, and ΔLy2 represents the difference between two distances.

[0115] At the x2 position (coordinate x2 in the first direction X),

[0116] wherein, L θy2＝0° represents the distance from the X axis of the ordinate corresponding to the abscissa x2 on the ideal curve of the optical path distribution, L θy2＝20° represents the distance from the X axis of the ordinate corresponding to the abscissa x2 on the curve of the optical path distribution of the liquid crystal lens drawn in the case of a lateral viewing angle of 0°, ΔL y2 represents the difference between two distances. ΔL y2 is not equal to ΔL y2 .

[0117] In this way, the optical path curve when the longitudinal viewing angle is 0° is different in shape (for example, different in bending degree) from the optical path distribution curve when the longitudinal viewing angle is 20°, and the optical path distribution curve when the longitudinal viewing angle is 0° is close to the ideal curve, so that the optical path curve when the longitudinal viewing angle is 20° is far from the ideal curve, thereby resulting in poor display effect. Of course, this problem also exists for other non-zero angles of the longitudinal viewing angle. Figure 10 A structure diagram of a second electrode layer provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0118] Referring to Figure 10 , the horizontal center line L1 and the vertical center line L2 of the liquid crystal lens 100 divide the second electrode layer 50 into a plurality of (for example, four) electrode groups E. In the third direction Z, the electrode groups E correspond to the positions of the light modulation regions D. For example, the plurality of electrode groups E correspond one-to-one to the plurality of light modulation regions D, and each electrode group E is located within the corresponding light modulation region D. Exemplarily, the electrode groups E include a first electrode group E1, a second electrode group E2, a third electrode group E3, and a fourth electrode group E4, which correspond to a first light modulation region D1, a second light modulation region D2, a third light modulation region D3, and a fourth light modulation region D4, respectively. The first electrode group E1 and the second electrode group E2 are located on the same side of the vertical center line L2, and the third electrode group E3 and the fourth electrode group E4 are located on the other side of the vertical center line L2. The first electrode group E1 and the fourth electrode group E4 are located on the same side of the horizontal center line L1, and the second electrode group E2 and the third electrode group E3 are located on the other side of the horizontal center line L1.

[0119] In other implementations, the number of electrode groups E can also be less than the number of light modulation regions D, and each electrode group E corresponds to one light modulation region D.

[0120] Figure 11 A structure diagram of a driving electrode provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0121] For ease of description below, refer toFigure 11 The end of the driving electrode 80 of the electrode group E away from the horizontal center line L1 is a far end F of the driving electrode, and the end of the driving electrode 80 close to the horizontal center line L1 is a near end N of the driving electrode.

[0122] In this document, the electrode group with a specific electrode structure is referred to as a specific electrode group, and the electrode group without such a specific electrode structure is referred to as a non-specific electrode group. The electrode group with a specific electrode structure refers to: continuing to refer to Figure 10 In the direction away from the vertical center line L2, the tilt angle λ of the plurality of driving electrodes gradually increases. The tilt angle λ of the driving electrode 80 is the included angle (for example, the acute included angle) formed by the extension direction of the driving electrode 80 and the second direction Y. The extension direction of the driving electrode 80 is the direction of the line connecting the near end N to the far end F of the driving electrode 80.

[0123] The number of specific electrode groups is at least one, and the number of non-specific electrode groups can be zero. Specifically, the number of specific electrode groups in the first electrode group E1, the second electrode group E2, the third electrode group E3, and the fourth electrode group E4 can be one, two, three, or four; and the number of corresponding non-specific electrode groups is three, two, one, or zero, respectively. Exemplarily, continuing to refer to Figure 10 The first electrode group E1, the second electrode group E2, the third electrode group E3, and the fourth electrode group E4 are specific electrode groups. In the direction away from the vertical center line L2, the electrode group E1 includes the driving electrode 81a, the driving electrode 82a, and the driving electrode 83a. The tilt angle of the driving electrode 81a is λ1, the tilt angle of the driving electrode 82a is λ2, and the tilt angle of the driving electrode 83a is λ3, λ1<λ2<λ3. Similarly, in the direction away from the vertical center line L2, the tilt angles of the driving electrodes of the second electrode group E2, the third electrode group E3, and the fourth electrode group E4 gradually increase. Exemplarily, the first electrode group E1 is a specific electrode group, and the second electrode group E2, the third electrode group E3, and the fourth electrode group E4 are non-specific electrode groups.

[0124] The driving electrodes of the non-specific electrode group can be uniformly arranged, and the disclosure does not limit the arrangement of the driving electrodes of the non-specific electrode group. The extension direction of the driving electrodes of the non-specific electrode group can be parallel to the vertical center line L2, or can be any other direction.

[0125] In some embodiments, each driving electrode is connected to a signal line, and a plurality of signal lines are connected to a signal source. Exemplarily, the driving electrode 81a is connected to a signal line, the signal line is connected to the first signal source S1, and the transmission voltage signal is V1a; similarly, in the first electrode group E1, in the direction away from the vertical center line L2, the voltage signals of the driving electrodes 81a, 82a, and 83a can be V1a, V2a, and V3a, Figure 10The V1a, V2a and V3a are only exemplary to illustrate that different driving electrodes apply different electrical signals, and do not limit the present disclosure. The voltage signals of the second electrode group E2, the third electrode group E3 and the fourth electrode group E4 can refer to the description of the first electrode group E1 above, and will not be repeated here. The electrode groups E located on the same side of the horizontal center line L1 can share a signal source, for example, the first electrode group E1 and the fourth electrode group E4 share the first signal source S1, and each driving electrode of the first electrode group E1 and the fourth electrode group E4 is connected with a signal line, which is connected with the first signal source. The second electrode group E2 and the third electrode group E3 can share the second signal source S2.

[0126] Figure 12 A contrast curve of the optical path distribution of the liquid crystal lens provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0127] Referring to Figure 12 , W1 is an ideal curve of the optical path distribution, W2 is a curve of the optical path distribution of a contrast scheme, and W3 is a curve of the optical path distribution of the embodiment of the present disclosure. The contrast scheme is a liquid crystal lens with the driving electrode arrangement as shown in Figure 8 . Compared with the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules of the contrast scheme, the embodiment of the present disclosure changes the arrangement of the driving electrodes in a specific electrode group, changes the electric field distribution between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, and gradually increases the inclination angle of the driving electrodes in the specific electrode group in the direction away from the vertical center line L2, so that the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules gradually changes. Compared with W2, the deviation between W3 and W1 is reduced under the condition that the liquid crystal lens is at the same position (the same coordinate in the first direction X), and the optical path distribution curve remains parabolic in a large viewing angle range, reducing the deflection of light. In this way, among the pixels covered by one liquid crystal lens 100, the light of the left eye display unit enters the left eye more, and the light of the right eye display unit enters the right eye more, reducing crosstalk, improving image clarity, and improving 3D display effect.

[0128] Figure 13A A curve of the optical path distribution of the liquid crystal lens provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure when the transverse viewing angle is 0° when viewed from above. Figure 13B A curve of the optical path distribution of the liquid crystal lens provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure when the transverse viewing angle is 0° when viewed from below.

[0129] Continuing to refer to Figure 10 , when the human eye views the liquid crystal lens from above, as the absolute value of the longitudinal viewing angle gradually increases, the interval between the driving electrodes in the first direction X increases compared with the contrast scheme, the corresponding electric field intensity between these driving electrodes becomes smaller, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules becomes smaller, and then the optical path becomes smaller. For example, as shown in Figure 13AAs shown in FIG. 1 , the curve when the longitudinal viewing angle is 0° (at this time, the normal viewing angle) is close to the ideal optical path distribution curve; when the longitudinal viewing angle is 10°, the optical path at the same position in the first direction X is smaller than the optical path at the normal viewing angle. Similarly, when the longitudinal viewing angle is 20°, 30°, and 40°, the optical path at the same position in the first direction X gradually decreases. However, at this time, the optical path distribution curve still has an arched morphology, which is close to the arched morphology of the ideal optical path distribution curve. Moreover, as Figure 13A As shown, within the range of 30° of longitudinal viewing angle, the optical path distribution curve is closer to the ideal optical path distribution curve, and the deviation is smaller.

[0130] Continue to see Figure 10 When the human eye looks up at the liquid crystal lens, as the absolute value of the vertical viewing angle gradually increases, the interval between the driving electrodes in the first direction X decreases compared to the comparative solution, the corresponding electric field intensity between these driving electrodes increases, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules increases, and the optical path increases. For example, Figure 13B As shown, when the longitudinal viewing angle is 0° (at this time, the normal viewing angle), the optical path distribution curve is close to the ideal curve. When the longitudinal viewing angle is -10°, the optical path at the same position in the first direction X coordinate is greater than the optical path at the normal viewing angle. Similarly, when the longitudinal viewing angle is -20°, -30°, and -40°, the optical path at the same position in the first direction X coordinate gradually increases. At the curve corresponding to the coordinate in the first direction X where the driving electrodes are not concentrated, the optical path distribution curve still has a parabolic morphology, which is close to the curve shape of the ideal optical path distribution curve.

[0131] In some embodiments, see Figure 10 The liquid crystal lens 100 further includes a central electrode 91. The line on which the central electrode 91 lies overlaps with the vertical center line L2. The central electrode 91 is formed between the first electrode group E1 and the second electrode group E2, located on either side of the vertical center line L2. Assuming the central electrode 91 does not exist, the driving electrode 81a closest to the vertical center line L2 in the first electrode group E1 and the driving electrode 81d closest to the vertical center line L2 in the fourth electrode group E4 can be applied with the same voltage, i.e., there is no voltage difference between them. In this case, the electric field strengths formed between each of the driving electrode 81a and the first electrode layer 50 are the same, and a gradient electric field cannot be formed in the region between them. After the central electrode 91 is provided, an electric field is formed between the central electrode 91 and the first electrode group E1, and between the central electrode 91 and the fourth electrode group E4. A gradient electric field is formed in the region between the first electrode group E1 and the fourth electrode group E4, which helps reduce the deviation of the optical path distribution curve from the ideal optical path distribution curve, reduces light deflection in the liquid crystal lens 100, reduces crosstalk, and enhances the stereoscopic display effect.

[0132] Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of another second electrode layer provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0133] In some embodiments, the distal end of each of the plurality of (e.g., two, and also all) drive electrodes of the particular electrode group is closer to the vertical center line L2 than the proximal end, and the closer to the vertical center line L2, the smaller the distance from the distal end of the drive electrode to the horizontal center line L1. Specifically, the particular electrode group includes a first drive electrode and a second drive electrode. The first drive electrode is farther away from the vertical center line L2 than the second drive electrode. Illustratively, see FIG. 8A, in which the first electrode group E1 is taken as the particular electrode group. In the direction away from the vertical center line L2, the first electrode group E1 includes the drive electrodes 81a, 82a and 83a in turn. The drive electrode 82a is taken as the first drive electrode, and the drive electrode 81a is taken as the second drive electrode. The distal end of the drive electrode 82a is closer to the vertical center line L2 than the proximal end, and the distal end of the drive electrode 81a is closer to the vertical center line L2 than the proximal end. The drive electrode 82a is farther away from the vertical center line L2 than the drive electrode 81a. The distance d2 from the distal end of the drive electrode 82a to the horizontal center line L1 is greater than the distance d1 from the distal end of the drive electrode 81a to the horizontal center line L1. Also illustratively, see FIG. 8B, in which the first electrode group E1 and the fourth electrode group E4 are taken as the particular electrode group. The distance d2 from the distal end of the drive electrode 82a in the first electrode group E1 to the horizontal center line L1 is greater than the distance d1 from the distal end of the drive electrode 81a to the horizontal center line L1, and the distance from the distal end of the drive electrode 82d in the fourth electrode group E4 to the horizontal center line L1 is greater than the distance from the distal end of the drive electrode 81d to the horizontal center line L1. Figure 14 In some embodiments, the distal end of each of the plurality of (e.g., two, and also all) drive electrodes of the particular electrode group is closer to the vertical center line L2 than the proximal end, and the closer to the vertical center line L2, the smaller the distance from the distal end of the drive electrode to the horizontal center line L1. Specifically, the particular electrode group includes a first drive electrode and a second drive electrode. The first drive electrode is farther away from the vertical center line L2 than the second drive electrode. Illustratively, see FIG. 8A, in which the first electrode group E1 is taken as the particular electrode group. In the direction away from the vertical center line L2, the first electrode group E1 includes the drive electrodes 81a, 82a and 83a in turn. The drive electrode 82a is taken as the first drive electrode, and the drive electrode 81a is taken as the second drive electrode. The distal end of the drive electrode 82a is closer to the vertical center line L2 than the proximal end, and the distal end of the drive electrode 81a is closer to the vertical center line L2 than the proximal end. The drive electrode 82a is farther away from the vertical center line L2 than the drive electrode 81a. The distance d2 from the distal end of the drive electrode 82a to the horizontal center line L1 is greater than the distance d1 from the distal end of the drive electrode 81a to the horizontal center line L1. Also illustratively, see FIG. 8B, in which the first electrode group E1 and the fourth electrode group E4 are taken as the particular electrode group. The distance d2 from the distal end of the drive electrode 82a in the first electrode group E1 to the horizontal center line L1 is greater than the distance d1 from the distal end of the drive electrode 81a to the horizontal center line L1, and the distance from the distal end of the drive electrode 82d in the fourth electrode group E4 to the horizontal center line L1 is greater than the distance from the distal end of the drive electrode 81d to the horizontal center line L1. Figure 14 In some embodiments, the distal end of each of the plurality of (e.g., two, and also all) drive electrodes of the particular electrode group is closer to the vertical center line L2 than the proximal end, and the closer to the vertical center line L2, the smaller the distance from the distal end of the drive electrode to the horizontal center line L1. Specifically, the particular electrode group includes a first drive electrode and a second drive electrode. The first drive electrode is farther away from the vertical center line L2 than the second drive electrode. Illustratively, see FIG. 8A, in which the first electrode group E1 is taken as the particular electrode group. In the direction away from the vertical center line L2, the first electrode group E1 includes the drive electrodes 81a, 82a and 83a in turn. The drive electrode 82a is taken as the first drive electrode, and the drive electrode 81a is taken as the second drive electrode. The distal end of the drive electrode 82a is closer to the vertical center line L2 than the proximal end, and the distal end of the drive electrode 81a is closer to the vertical center line L2 than the proximal end. The drive electrode 82a is farther away from the vertical center line L2 than the drive electrode 81a. The distance d2 from the distal end of the drive electrode 82a to the horizontal center line L1 is greater than the distance d1 from the distal end of the drive electrode 81a to the horizontal center line L1. Also illustratively, see FIG. 8B, in which the first electrode group E1 and the fourth electrode group E4 are taken as the particular electrode group. The distance d2 from the distal end of the drive electrode 82a in the first electrode group E1 to the horizontal center line L1 is greater than the distance d1 from the distal end of the drive electrode 81a to the horizontal center line L1, and the distance from the distal end of the drive electrode 82d in the fourth electrode group E4 to the horizontal center line L1 is greater than the distance from the distal end of the drive electrode 81d to the horizontal center line L1.

[0134] In some embodiments, the distal end of each of the plurality of (e.g., two, and also all) drive electrodes of the particular electrode group is closer to the vertical center line L2 than the proximal end, and the closer to the vertical center line L2, the smaller the distance from the distal end of the drive electrode to the horizontal center line L1. Specifically, the particular electrode group includes a first drive electrode and a second drive electrode. The first drive electrode is farther away from the vertical center line L2 than the second drive electrode. Illustratively, see FIG. 8A, in which the first electrode group E1 is taken as the particular electrode group. In the direction away from the vertical center line L2, the first electrode group E1 includes the drive electrodes 81a, 82a and 83a in turn. The drive electrode 82a is taken as the first drive electrode, and the drive electrode 81a is taken as the second drive electrode. The distal end of the drive electrode 82a is closer to the vertical center line L2 than the proximal end, and the distal end of the drive electrode 81a is closer to the vertical center line L2 than the proximal end. The drive electrode 82a is farther away from the vertical center line L2 than the drive electrode 81a. The distance d2 from the distal end of the drive electrode 82a to the horizontal center line L1 is greater than the distance d1 from the distal end of the drive electrode 81a to the horizontal center line L1. Also illustratively, see FIG. 8B, in which the first electrode group E1 and the fourth electrode group E4 are taken as the particular electrode group. The distance d2 from the distal end of the drive electrode 82a in the first electrode group E1 to the horizontal center line L1 is greater than the distance d1 from the distal end of the drive electrode 81a to the horizontal center line L1, and the distance from the distal end of the drive electrode 82d in the fourth electrode group E4 to the horizontal center line L1 is greater than the distance from the distal end of the drive electrode 81d to the horizontal center line L1.

[0135] Figure 15 Another structure diagram of the second electrode layer is provided for the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0136] In some embodiments, the distal end of at least one (e.g., one, and further e.g., multiple) driving electrode in a specific electrode group is located on the vertical center line L2. Exemplarily, refer to Figure 15 Take the first electrode group E1 as a specific electrode group, take the driving electrode 82a as a first driving electrode, and take the driving electrode 81a as a second driving electrode. The distal end of the driving electrode 81a closest to the vertical center line L2 in the first electrode group E1 is located on the vertical center line L2, and the distal end of the driving electrode 82a next closest to the vertical center line L2 can also be located on the vertical center line L2. In order not to be connected to the driving electrode located on the vertical center line L2, the center electrode 91 is away from the distal end of the driving electrode 81a. The embodiments of the present disclosure locate the distal end of the driving electrode in a specific electrode group on the vertical center line L2, preventing multiple driving electrodes from being arranged too close to one end of the vertical center line L2.

[0137] In some embodiments, at least one driving electrode in each of two specific electrode groups located on both sides of the vertical center line L2 is connected respectively. Continue to refer to Figure 15 Take the first electrode group E1 as a third specific electrode group and the fourth electrode group E4 as a fourth specific electrode group. At least one driving electrode in the first electrode group E1 is connected to at least one driving electrode in the fourth electrode group E4. Exemplarily, the order of the two connected driving electrodes in the corresponding electrode group E is the same, the distal end of the driving electrode 81a in the first electrode group E1 is connected to the distal end of the driving electrode 81d in the fourth electrode group E4, the connection point is on the vertical center line L2, and the driving electrode 81a and the driving electrode 81d are connected in a “V” shape. The distal end of the driving electrode 82a in the first electrode group E1 is connected to the distal end of the driving electrode 82d in the fourth electrode group E4, the connection point is on the vertical center line L2, and the driving electrode 82a and the driving electrode 82d are connected in a “V” shape. Further exemplarily, the order of the two connected driving electrodes in the corresponding electrode group E is different, for example, the driving electrode 81a in the first electrode group E1 is connected to the driving electrode 82d in the fourth electrode group E4.

[0138] The two driving electrodes are connected to form one driving electrode. Since the voltage values at both ends of one driving electrode are approximately equal, it is only necessary to apply a voltage at the end of any one of the two connected driving electrodes that is not connected (for example, the proximal end of the driving electrode 81a or the proximal end of the driving electrode 81d). For example, after the distal end of the driving electrode 81a and the distal end of the driving electrode 81d are connected on the vertical center line L2, the voltage values of the proximal end of the driving electrode 81a and the proximal end of the driving electrode 81d are approximately equal, and a voltage can be applied only at the proximal end of the driving electrode 81a or only at the proximal end of the driving electrode 81d; in this way, the number of signal lines and the number of signal sources are reduced. Of course, a voltage of the same size can also be applied at the proximal end of the driving electrode 81a and the proximal end of the driving electrode 81d, reducing the impedance influence caused by the excessive length of the electrode.

[0139] In some embodiments, continuing to refer to Figure 15 , in a specific electrode group, all the driving electrodes are located on the same side of the vertical center line L2, that is, all the driving electrodes in the specific electrode group do not cross the vertical center line L2. Exemplarily, taking the first electrode group E1 as the specific electrode group, the distal end and the proximal end of all the driving electrodes of the first electrode group E1 are located on the same side of the vertical center line L1 (one end of the driving electrode can be on the vertical center line L2), and all the driving electrodes do not extend to the other side of the vertical center line L1. If the distal end of any driving electrode of the first electrode group E1 crosses the vertical center line L2, the arrangement of the driving electrodes of the fourth electrode group E4 will be disturbed, and then the electric field distribution of the fourth electrode group E4 will be disturbed, the deviation of the optical path distribution curve of the liquid crystal lens corresponding to the fourth electrode group E4 is increased, the light deflection is more serious, and then the accuracy of the display image is affected, so that the 3D crosstalk is more obvious. All the driving electrodes in the first electrode group E1 do not cross the vertical center line L2 and extend to the fourth electrode group E4, so that the electric field distribution of the specific electrode group on both sides of the vertical center line L2 is not affected, the deviation of the optical path distribution curve of the liquid crystal lens corresponding to the fourth electrode group E4 is small, and the accuracy of the display image is not affected.

[0140] In Table 1, the comparative scheme is a liquid crystal lens with the driving electrode arrangement as shown in Figure 8 , the first scheme is a liquid crystal lens with the driving electrode arrangement as shown in Figure 14 , and the second scheme is a liquid crystal lens with the driving electrode arrangement as shown in Figure 15 .

[0141] The first scheme and the second scheme are optimized driving electrode arrangement schemes. Table 1 is the simulation results of the focal length and the fitting deviation (PV) of the liquid crystal lens 100 formed by the three driving electrode arrangement schemes. As can be seen from Table 1, the optimized driving electrode arrangement scheme slightly increases the focal length, and the influence brought by the change of the focal length can be compensated by the 3D image algorithm. The optimized driving electrode arrangement scheme also reduces the PV value of the liquid crystal lens 100, that is, reduces the fitting topography deviation value of the optical path distribution curve of the liquid crystal lens 100, reduces the degree of light deflection, so that the image of the left eye display unit enters the left eye and the image of the right eye display unit enters the right eye, the image of the display device 1000 is clearer, and the 3D display effect is better.

[0142]

[0143] Comparison of simulation results of three schemes

[0144] It can also be known from Table 1 that, in the case of the same driving electrode position and driving voltage, the simulation results of the first scheme and the second scheme are the same when the longitudinal viewing angle θy is 10°, 20° and 30° respectively, and the light path distribution curve fitting topography of the liquid crystal lens is more accurate. When the longitudinal viewing angle θy is -30°, -20° and -10°, especially when the absolute value of the longitudinal viewing angle is greater than 20° in the case of the overhead view, the focal length of the liquid crystal lens 100 of the second scheme is smaller, the PV value is lower, and the light path distribution curve fitting topography of the liquid crystal lens 100 is better.

[0145] Continuing to refer to Figure 13A to 15 The interval between the driving electrodes located in the lower half of the horizontal center line L1 is greater than the interval between the driving electrodes located in the upper half of the horizontal center line L1, so that the electric field distribution of the lower half is more dispersed than that of the upper half. Compared with the comparative scheme, the upper half driving electrodes of the second electrode layer are arranged more closely at the same position in the first direction X, the electric field is stronger at the position where the driving electrodes are arranged more closely, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules is larger, and the optical path is also larger. This will cause the light path distribution curve to be a nearly arched curve when viewed from the top. When viewed from the top, the distal end of the driving electrode approaches the vertical center line L2, so that the transverse viewing angle is near 0°, the electric field strength is too large, which causes the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules to be too large, and the optical path is actually reduced.

[0146] Figure 16A Another structure diagram of the second electrode layer provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 16B For Figure 16A A cross-sectional view taken along the cross-sectional line C1-C2 in

[0147] In order to make the fitting topography of the light path distribution curve of the liquid crystal lens accurate when viewed from the top and from the bottom, in some embodiments, the distal end of the driving electrode of the two specific electrode groups located on the same side of the vertical center line L2 is farther away from the vertical center line L2 than the proximal end. Exemplarily, referring to Figure 16A The distal end of the driving electrode 81a, the driving electrode 82a and the driving electrode 83a of the first electrode group E1 is farther away from the vertical center line L2 than the proximal end, and the distal end of the driving electrode 81b, the driving electrode 82b and the driving electrode 83b of the second electrode group E2 is farther away from the vertical center line L2 than the proximal end. Exemplarily, the distal end of all driving electrodes of the first electrode group E1, the second electrode group E2, the third electrode group E3 and the fourth electrode group E4 is farther away from the vertical center line L2 than the proximal end.

[0148] Continuing to refer to Figure 16B, the pre-tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules 41 of the liquid crystal layer 40 corresponding to the first electrode group E1 and the pre-tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 40 corresponding to the second electrode group E2 are opposite. The light ray emitted by the liquid crystal molecules 41c passing through the first electrode group E1 has a longitudinal visual angle of θy1, and the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules is n1. For the light ray emitted by the liquid crystal molecules 41d, the longitudinal visual angle of the human eye is θy2, and the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 41c is n2. Since the pre-tilt angles of the liquid crystal molecules 41c and the liquid crystal molecules 41d are opposite, the deflection directions of the liquid crystal molecules 41c and the liquid crystal molecules 41d are opposite. Also, compared with the contrast scheme, the driving electrodes are distributed at the positions corresponding to the liquid crystal molecules 41c and the liquid crystal molecules 41d with a smaller interval than the interval of the first scheme and the second scheme, the equivalent refractive index n1 of the liquid crystal molecules is approximately the same as the equivalent refractive index n2 of the liquid crystal molecules 41a, the optical path distribution curve of all the liquid crystal lenses at the same longitudinal visual angle as the liquid crystal molecules 41c is approximately the same as the optical path distribution curve of all the liquid crystal lenses at the same longitudinal visual angle as the liquid crystal molecules 41d, that is, the optical path distribution curves of the liquid crystal lenses at the same absolute value of the longitudinal visual angle on both sides of the horizontal center line L1 are approximately the same. Further, at the same position along the first direction X, the deflection degree of the light ray of the liquid crystal lens part with the same absolute value of the longitudinal visual angle is small.

[0149] Continuing to refer to Table 1, the simulation result in the top view case is better than the simulation result in the bottom view case. That is, the fitting appearance of the optical path distribution curve graph of the liquid crystal lens 100 in the top view visual angle is better than the fitting appearance in the bottom view visual angle. Continuing to refer to Figure 16A , the first electrode group E1 and the second electrode group E2 both refer to the driving electrode arrangement structure in the top view case in Figure 10 , the maximum PV value is <7%. The third electrode group E3 and the fourth electrode group E4 still maintain the driving electrode arrangement structure in the top view visual angle in Figure 10 . Since the upper half region is symmetrical to the lower half region, when looking at the upper half region in the bottom view visual angle, it is actually equivalent to looking at the upper half region in the top view visual angle. The fitting appearance of the optical path distribution curve of the upper and lower parts is more accurate, the optical path distribution curve is closer to the ideal optical path distribution curve, the deflection degree of the light ray is smaller, and the influence of 3D crosstalk under large visual angle can be effectively improved.

[0150] In some embodiments, continuing to refer to Figure 16A, the two specific electrode groups located on the same side of the vertical center line L2 are axisymmetric along the horizontal center line L1. Exemplarily, continuing with the first electrode group E1 as the first specific electrode group and the second electrode group E2 as the second specific electrode group, the first electrode group E1 and the second electrode group E2 are axisymmetric along the horizontal center line L1. The proximal ends of the driving electrodes of the first electrode group E1 and the second electrode group E2 are farther away from the vertical center line L2 than the distal ends. As another example, the third electrode group E3 and the fourth electrode group E4 are axisymmetric along the horizontal center line L1. The upper and lower parts of the convex lens structure equivalent to the liquid crystal lens 100 are axisymmetric about the horizontal center line. The driving electrodes of the specific electrode groups are axisymmetrically distributed on both sides of the horizontal center line L1, and the corresponding optical path distribution curve fitting is more accurate.

[0151] In some embodiments, in two specific electrode groups located on the same side of the vertical center line L2, multiple driving electrodes in one specific electrode group are respectively connected to multiple driving electrodes in the other specific electrode group. Figure 16A , with the first electrode group E1 being the fifth specific electrode group and the second electrode group E2 being the sixth specific electrode group. Along the direction away from the vertical center line L2, the driving electrodes of the same order in the first electrode group E1 and the second electrode group E2 are connected to each other, that is, the proximal end of the driving electrode 81a is connected to the proximal end of the driving electrode 81b, the proximal end of the driving electrode 82a is connected to the proximal end of the driving electrode 82b, and the proximal end of the driving electrode 83a is connected to the proximal end of the driving electrode 83b. For example, when the driving electrodes 81a and 81b are connected, a voltage can be applied only to the distal end of the driving electrode 81a, or only to the distal end of the driving electrode 81b; in this way, the number of signal lines and signal sources can be reduced. Of course, a voltage of the same magnitude can also be applied to the distal end of the driving electrode 81a and the distal end of the driving electrode 81b. In this way, the impedance problem caused by the excessive length of the electrodes can be solved. As another example, along the direction away from the vertical center line L2, driving electrodes of different orders in the first electrode group E1 and the second electrode group E2 may also be connected. For example, the driving electrode 81a is the driving electrode closest to the vertical center line L2 in the first electrode group E1, and the driving electrode 82b is the driving electrode second closest to the vertical center line L2 in the second electrode group E2. The proximal end of the driving electrode 81a is connected to the proximal end of the driving electrode 82b.

[0152] Figure 17 This is a structural diagram of another second electrode layer provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0153] In some embodiments, for two specific electrode groups located on the same side of the vertical center line L2, all driving electrodes in one specific electrode group are insulated from all driving electrodes in the other specific electrode group. Figure 17The first electrode group E1 is the fifth specific electrode group, and the second electrode group E2 is the sixth specific electrode group. None of the driving electrodes 81a, 82a and 83a of the first electrode group E1 is connected to any of the driving electrodes 81b, 82b and 83b of the second electrode group E2.

[0154] In some embodiments, the intervals between the proximal ends of the driving electrodes of a specific electrode group are equal. The interval refers to the distance between the proximal ends of two adjacent driving electrodes. Specifically, continuing to refer to Figure 17 The first electrode group E1 is the specific electrode group. The intervals between the proximal ends of the driving electrodes 81a, 82a and 83a are equal. In addition, the lines connecting the proximal ends of the driving electrodes 81a, 82a and 83a can also be parallel (coincide or not coincide) to the horizontal center line L1. The interval between the driving electrode 81a and the center electrode 91 can also be equal to the interval between the proximal ends of two adjacent driving electrodes. In this way, the intervals between adjacent driving electrodes are the same, and the deflection angles of the liquid crystal molecules are the same. Along the first direction X, since the electric field strength first decreases and then increases, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the YZ plane first decreases and then increases. Under the longitudinal viewing angle of 0°, the optical path distribution curve is the optical path distribution ideal curve.

[0155] In some embodiments, the two electrode groups located on the same side of the horizontal center line L1 are axisymmetric along the vertical center line L2. Illustratively, continuing to refer to Figure 17 The first electrode group E1 and the fourth electrode group E4 are axisymmetric along the vertical center line L2. Accordingly, the voltages applied by the driving electrodes of the same order corresponding to the first electrode group E1 and the fourth electrode group E4 are the same. In this way, the electric field is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the vertical center line L2, the deflection angles of the liquid crystal molecules at the corresponding positions of the vertical center line L2 are the same, and the optical path distribution curve is left-right symmetric. The optical path distribution ideal curve is also left-right symmetric, so that the deviation between the optical path distribution curve and the optical path distribution ideal curve is smaller, and the equivalent convex lens structure formed satisfies the basic topographic requirements of the left-right symmetry of the liquid crystal lens.

[0156] Figure 18 Another structure diagram of the second electrode layer provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0157] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 18The liquid crystal lens 100 further comprises a plurality of edge electrodes 92. The edge electrodes 92 are located on the side of the electrode groups E away from the vertical center line L2. The edge electrodes 92a can have a smaller tilt angle than the driving electrodes 83a, for example, the extension direction of the edge electrodes 92 is parallel to the vertical center line L2. Each electrode group E has an edge electrode 92 on the side away from the vertical center line L2. Exemplarily, the edge electrode 92a is located on the side of the first electrode group E1 away from the vertical center line L2, and the edge electrode 92b is located on the side of the second electrode group E2 away from the vertical center line L2. Exemplarily, the edge electrode 92c is located on the side of the third electrode group E3 away from the vertical center line L2, and the edge electrode 92d is located on the side of the fourth electrode group E4 away from the vertical center line L2. In some embodiments, the edge electrodes 92a and 92b can be connected into an integral electrode (i.e. adjacent edge electrodes on both sides of the horizontal center line L1). In this way, the electric field on the side of the electrode group E away from the vertical center line L2 is strengthened, and when the liquid crystal lenses are connected, the edge electrodes can enhance the electric field distribution between the electrode groups of adjacent liquid crystal lenses.

[0158] In some embodiments, continuing to refer to Figure 18 The specific electrode group (for example, the electrode group E2) comprises a third driving electrode and a fourth driving electrode. The third driving electrode is farther away from the edge electrode 92 than the fourth driving electrode. Exemplarily, the second electrode group E2 is the specific electrode group, the third driving electrode is the driving electrode 83b closest to the edge electrode 92, and the fourth driving electrode is adjacent to the third driving electrode; of course, the fourth driving electrode can also be any other driving electrode, for example, the driving electrode 82b. Taking the driving electrode 82b as the third driving electrode and the driving electrode 83b as the fourth driving electrode. The driving electrode 82b is farther away from the edge electrode 92b than the driving electrode 83b. The distance d3 from the distal end of the driving electrode 82b to the horizontal center line L1 is greater than the distance d4 from the driving electrode 83b to the horizontal center line L1. This prevents the driving electrodes from being too dense near the edge electrode 92, thereby preventing the driving electrodes from being connected to the edge electrode and reducing the influence of the edge electrode on the electric field distribution of the electrode group.

[0159] In some embodiments, continuing to refer to Figure 18The line connecting the distal end of the third driving electrode and the distal end of the fourth driving electrode is parallel to the horizontal center line L1. The line between the distal ends of the driving electrodes refers to the line between the centers of the distal ends of the driving electrodes. Exemplarily, the third electrode group E3 is taken as a specific electrode group. The third electrode group E3 includes the driving electrode 81c, the driving electrode 82c and the driving electrode 83c in sequence in the direction away from the vertical center line L2. The edge electrode 92c is arranged on the side of the third electrode group E3 away from the vertical center line L2. The driving electrode 82c is taken as the third driving electrode, and the driving electrode 83c is taken as the fourth driving electrode. The third driving electrode 82c is farther away from the edge electrode 92c than the fourth driving electrode 83c. The line L6 connecting the distal end of the third driving electrode 82c and the distal end of the fourth driving electrode 83c is parallel to the horizontal center line L1, where parallel refers to approximately parallel. In other implementations, the line between the distal ends of all the driving electrodes of a specific electrode group is parallel to the horizontal center line L1. The line between the distal ends of the plurality of driving electrodes of a specific electrode group is also parallel to the horizontal center line L1, which can also prevent the driving electrodes from being too dense near the edge electrode.

[0160] In some embodiments, continuing to refer to Figure 18 , the plurality (for example, two, and for example, all) of the driving electrodes of a specific electrode group are mutually insulated. Exemplarily, the first electrode group E1 is taken as a specific electrode group, and the driving electrode 81a, the driving electrode 82a and the driving electrode 83a are mutually insulated. For example, the first electrode group E1, the second electrode group E2, the third electrode group E3 and the fourth electrode group E4 are all taken as specific electrode groups, and all the driving electrodes in each electrode group are mutually insulated. The mutual insulation between the driving electrodes reduces the influence of the connection of the driving electrodes on the electric field distribution and reduces the fitting topography deviation of the liquid crystal lens 100.

[0161] In some embodiments, continuing to refer to Figure 18 , the width of the driving electrode is equal everywhere, which is simple in design and convenient for production and manufacture.

[0162] In some embodiments, continuing to refer to Figure 18 , the shape of the plurality of driving electrodes is a straight strip shape.

[0163] Figure 19 Another structure diagram of the second electrode layer provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is provided.

[0164] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 19The shape of the plurality of driving electrodes is curved. For example, each driving electrode can be a part of a circle, a part of an ellipse, or a part of a parabola. The driving electrodes protrude away from the vertical center line L2, so that the distribution of the electric field also protrudes away from the vertical center line L2, and the optical path distribution curve of the liquid crystal lens after the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules deviates less from the ideal optical path distribution curve. Specifically, the curved driving electrodes can be driving electrodes in a specific electrode group or driving electrodes in a non-specific electrode group. Exemplarily, taking the first electrode group E1 as the specific electrode group, along the direction away from the vertical center line L2, the inclination angles λ of the driving electrodes 81a, 81a, and 81a gradually increase, λ1'< λ2'< λ3'. The driving electrodes are curved, the liquid crystal molecules are deflected under the action of the electric field formed by the curved driving electrodes, and the deviation of the optical path distribution curve formed by the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules from the ideal optical path distribution curve is smaller.

[0165] Figure 20 A top view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 21 A top view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 20 A cross-sectional view taken along the section line E1-E2.

[0166] In other embodiments, the lens module can be formed by splicing a plurality of (for example, two) lens sub-modules. The plurality of lens sub-modules are spliced to form at least one (for example, one, and for example, a plurality) liquid crystal lens. Exemplarily, see Figure 20 The lens module 300 is formed by splicing a first lens sub-module 300A and a second lens sub-module 300B, and the first lens sub-module 300A and the second lens sub-module 300B are spliced to form at least a first liquid crystal lens 100a, a second liquid crystal lens 100b, and a third liquid crystal lens 100c. Taking the first liquid crystal lens 100a as an example, the first liquid crystal lens 100a is divided into four light adjustment areas by a horizontal center line L1 and a vertical center line L2. The horizontal center line L1 is a straight line passing through the optical center of the liquid crystal lens 100 and extending along the first direction X, and the vertical center line L2 is a straight line passing through the optical center of the liquid crystal lens 100 and extending along the second direction Y. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, and the third direction Z is described above and will not be described here. The horizontal center lines of each liquid crystal lens overlap, and the vertical center lines of each liquid crystal lens are parallel to each other. Each horizontal center line and vertical center line divides the lens module 300 into M light adjustment areas, for example, M≥4.

[0167] The lens sub-module is an optical component that focuses or diverges light by using the birefringence characteristics of liquid crystal molecules and the arrangement characteristics that change with the electric field distribution. Each lens sub-module covers at least one (for example, one, and for example, multiple) left-eye display unit 210 and at least one (for example, one, and for example, multiple) right-eye display unit 220. A voltage is applied to the plurality of lens sub-modules, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the plurality of lens sub-modules are deflected to form a specific arrangement, and the specific arrangement makes the plurality of lens sub-modules equivalent to at least one convex lens. A voltage is applied to the liquid crystal lens, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal lens are deflected to form a specific arrangement, and the specific arrangement makes the liquid crystal lens equivalent to a convex lens structure. When the display area AA of the display panel 200 is displaying, light is emitted from the left-eye display unit 210 and the right-eye display unit 220 respectively, and then refracted into the viewer's eyes through the liquid crystal lens 100. Although Figure 14 A limited number of lens sub-modules are shown in the figures, but the number of lens sub-modules is not limited.

[0168] Referring to Figure 21 , the first lens sub-module 300A includes a first sub-substrate 11A, a second sub-substrate 71A, a first electrode sub-layer 21A, a second electrode sub-layer 51A, and a liquid crystal sub-layer 42A.

[0169] The first sub-substrate 11A and the second sub-substrate 71A are oppositely arranged. The materials, structures, and thicknesses of the first sub-substrate 11A and the second sub-substrate 71A can refer to the introduction of the first substrate 10 above, and will not be described here.

[0170] The liquid crystal sub-layer 42A is arranged between the first sub-substrate 11A and the second sub-substrate 71A. The liquid crystal sub-layer 42A includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules. These liquid crystal molecules can be uniformly distributed in the entire area of the liquid crystal sub-layer 42A. The initial orientation directions of all the liquid crystal molecules are parallel to each other. Specifically, the liquid crystal molecules are parallel to each other between the orthographic projections of the first sub-substrate 11A. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the initial orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules 41 is along the second direction Y.

[0171] In some embodiments, the liquid crystal molecules 41 can also generate a pre-tilt angle, and the pre-tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal sub-layer 42A is positive, for example, which can be 2°.

[0172] The first electrode sub-layer 21A is laminated on one side of the liquid crystal sub-layer 42A. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the second electrode sub-layer 21A is located between the first sub-substrate 11A and the liquid crystal sub-layer 42A. In the third direction Z, the first electrode sub-layer 21A corresponds to N light adjustment areas of the plurality of liquid crystal lenses 100, M≥N≥1. Referring to Figure 20 , N is 4. N can also be 8, 3, 1, etc. The structure and material of the first electrode sub-layer 21A can refer to the description of the first electrode layer 50 above, and will not be described here.

[0173] The second electrode sub-layer 51A is arranged on the liquid crystal sub-layer 42A away from the first electrode sub-layer 21A. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first electrode sub-layer 21A is located between the second sub-base plate 71A and the liquid crystal sub-layer 42A. The second electrode sub-layer 51A includes a row of driving electrodes arranged along the first direction X, and the driving electrodes are strip-shaped electrodes. Each driving electrode is connected to at least one signal line and used to apply a voltage to each driving electrode. The material of the second electrode sub-layer 51A can refer to the second electrode sub-layer 50 described above, and will not be described here. The materials of the first electrode sub-layer 21A and the second electrode sub-layer 51A can be the same or different, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit this. In another implementation manner, the positions of the first electrode sub-layer 21A and the second electrode sub-layer 51A can be interchanged.

[0174] The second electrode sub-layer 51A includes an electrode group corresponding to each position in the N light-adjusting areas. The number of light-adjusting areas can be greater than the number of electrode groups. For example, the second electrode sub-layer 51A includes two electrode groups, and the liquid crystal lens 100a includes four light-adjusting areas. At least one of the N electrode groups corresponding to each position in the N light-adjusting areas is a specific electrode group. In the specific electrode group, the extension direction of the plurality of driving electrodes forms an angle with the second direction Y gradually increasing in the direction away from the vertical center line L2.

[0175] Figure 22 A partial structural view of the second electrode sub-layer of a first lens sub-module and a second lens sub-module is provided for the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0176] The liquid crystal lens forms N light-adjusting areas, which can refer to Figure 22 The second electrode sub-layer 51A of the first lens sub-module includes a first electrode group E1 and a second electrode group E4. Taking the first electrode group E1 as a specific electrode group, the driving electrodes of the first electrode group E1 form an angle with the second direction Y gradually increasing in the direction away from the vertical center line L2. The first electrode group E1 includes a driving electrode 81a, a driving electrode 82a, and a driving electrode 83a. The inclination angle of the driving electrode 81a is λ1, the inclination angle of the driving electrode 82a is λ2, and the inclination angle of the driving electrode 83a is λ3, λ1<λ2<λ3. In some embodiments, the second electrode group E4 can also be a specific electrode group. The inclination angles of the driving electrode 81d, the driving electrode 82d, and the driving electrode 83d gradually increase.

[0177] The plurality of lens sub-modules constitute at least one liquid crystal lens, and the structure of each part of the plurality of lens sub-modules constituting a liquid crystal lens can refer to the description of the liquid crystal lens 100 above, and will not be described here.

[0178] Continuing to refer to Figure 21, a voltage is applied to the first electrode sub-layer 21 A and the second electrode sub-layer 51 A in the first lens sub-module 300A, a vertical electric field is formed between the first electrode sub-layer 21 A and the second electrode sub-layer 51 A, and the liquid crystal molecules are deflected by the electric field. In the second lens sub-module 300B, a voltage is applied to the first electrode sub-layer 21 B and the second electrode sub-layer 51 B, a vertical electric field is formed between the first electrode sub-layer 21 B and the second electrode sub-layer 51 B, and the liquid crystal molecules are deflected by the electric field.

[0179] The first lens sub-module 300A further comprises at least one alignment layer for guiding the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules. The at least one alignment layer is arranged on one side or both sides of the liquid crystal sub-layer 42A, and can comprise any one of the first alignment sub-layer 31 A and the second alignment sub-layer 61 A, or can comprise the first alignment sub-layer 31 A and the second alignment sub-layer 61 A.

[0180] The initial orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules close to the first alignment sub-layer 31 A is parallel or approximately parallel to the alignment direction of the first alignment sub-layer 31 A, and the initial orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules close to the second alignment sub-layer 61 A is parallel or approximately parallel to the alignment direction of the second alignment sub-layer 61 A. Exemplarily, the alignment direction of the first alignment sub-layer 31 A is parallel to the second direction Y, and the alignment direction of the second alignment sub-layer 61 A is parallel to the second direction Y. On the basis of the alignment direction, the pre-tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules is the acute angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules and the alignment direction. The extension direction of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is the direction after rotating the pre-tilt angle on the basis of the initial orientation direction.

[0181] The second lens sub-module 300B comprises a first sub-substrate 11B, a second sub-substrate 71B, a first electrode sub-layer 21B, a second electrode sub-layer 51B and a liquid crystal sub-layer 42B. The structures and materials of the first sub-substrate 11B, the second sub-substrate 71B, the first electrode sub-layer 21B, the second electrode sub-layer 51B and the liquid crystal sub-layer 42B can be referred to the description of the first lens sub-module 300A, which will not be described here.

[0182] The initial orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal sub-layer 42A of the first lens sub-module 300A and the liquid crystal sub-layer 42B of the second lens sub-module 300B is the same, and the pre-tilt angle direction can be the same or opposite. For example, the pre-tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal sub-layer 42A of the first lens sub-module 300A is positive, and the pre-tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal sub-layer 42B of the second lens sub-module 300B is negative.

[0183] The plurality of first sub-plates 11 of the lens module 300 are connected together to form a large first plate 10, and the plurality of second sub-plates 71 are connected together to form a second plate 70. The plurality of first electrode sub-layers 21 are connected together to form a first electrode layer 20, the plurality of liquid crystal sub-layers 42 are connected together to form a liquid crystal layer 40, and the second electrode sub-layers 51 are connected together to form a second electrode layer 50. The first alignment sub-layers 31 are connected together to form a first alignment layer 30. The second alignment sub-layers 61 are connected together to form a second alignment layer 60. In some embodiments, the plurality of first sub-plates 11 are disconnected and not connected together, and the plurality of second sub-plates 71 can also not be connected together.

[0184] Figure 23A A structure diagram of another lens module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 23B A structure diagram of another lens module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 23A A cross-sectional view taken along the cross-sectional line D1-D2.

[0185] Figure 23A A structure diagram of a second electrode layer of a lens module is shown. The lens module includes a plurality of liquid crystal sub-lenses. The liquid crystal layer is separated from each other in different parts of the liquid crystal sub-lenses, and at least two of the plurality of electrode groups of the lens module are distributed in different liquid crystal sub-lenses. For example, refer to Figure 23A and Figure 23B , the first liquid crystal sub-lens 101 and the second liquid crystal sub-lens 102 are spliced to form a complete liquid crystal lens as a lens module. The formed liquid crystal lens includes a first electrode group E1, a second electrode group E2, a third electrode group E3, and a fourth electrode group E4. The first electrode group E1 and the fourth electrode group E4 are distributed in the first liquid crystal sub-lens 101. The second electrode group E2 and the third electrode group E3 are distributed in the second liquid crystal sub-lens 102. The first liquid crystal sub-layer 40a of the first liquid crystal sub-lens 101 and the second liquid crystal sub-layer 40b of the second liquid crystal sub-lens 102 are not shared in one liquid crystal cell, and the first liquid crystal sub-layer 40a and the second liquid crystal sub-layer 40b are separated by the sealant 1. The sealant 1 is not soluble with the liquid crystal molecules, for example, it can be a good sealing ultraviolet curing glue. The pre-tilt angle direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the first liquid crystal sub-layer 40a and the pre-tilt angle direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal sub-layer 40b are opposite. When viewing the upper half region from the upward viewing angle, the angle for viewing the first liquid crystal sub-lens 101 is θy1; when viewing the lower half region from the downward viewing angle, the angle for viewing the second liquid crystal sub-lens 102 is θy2. As shown in Table 1, the simulation result under the downward viewing condition is better than that under the upward viewing condition. That is, the fitting topography of the optical path distribution curve diagram of the liquid crystal lens 100 under the downward viewing angle is better than that under the upward viewing angle. Continue to refer to Figure 23A , the first electrode group E1 and the second electrode group E2 both refer to the driving electrode arrangement structure under the downward viewing condition in Figure 10 , and the third electrode group E3 and the fourth electrode group E4 still maintain Figure 10The driving electrode arrangement structure under the top view perspective. Since the upper half region and the lower half region are symmetrical, when the upper half region is viewed under the top view perspective, the fitting topography of the optical path distribution curves of the upper and lower parts is more accurate, the optical path distribution curves are closer to the ideal optical path distribution curves, the light deflection degree is smaller, and the 3D crosstalk influence under large viewing angle can be effectively improved.

[0186] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can think of changes or substitutions within the technical range disclosed by the present disclosure, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal lens, divided by a horizontal center line and a vertical center line into a plurality of light modulation zones, the horizontal center line being a straight line passing through an optical center of the liquid crystal lens and extending along a first direction, the vertical center line being a straight line passing through the optical center of the liquid crystal lens and extending along a second direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction; the liquid crystal lens comprising: a liquid crystal layer; a first electrode layer, stacked on one side of the liquid crystal layer; in a thickness direction of the liquid crystal lens, the first electrode layer corresponds to positions of the plurality of light modulation zones; and a second electrode layer, stacked on a side of the liquid crystal layer away from the first electrode layer; the second electrode layer comprises a plurality of electrode groups; in the thickness direction of the liquid crystal lens, the electrode groups correspond to positions of the light modulation zones; the electrode groups comprise a row of drive electrodes arranged along the first direction; wherein at least one of the plurality of electrode groups is a specific electrode group; in the specific electrode group, the inclination angles of a plurality of drive electrodes gradually increase in a direction away from the vertical center line, wherein the inclination angle of the drive electrode is an included angle formed between the extension direction of the drive electrode and the second direction. 2.The liquid crystal lens of claim 1, wherein an end of the drive electrode away from the horizontal center line is a distal end of the drive electrode, and an end of the drive electrode close to the horizontal center line is a proximal end of the drive electrode; the plurality of electrode groups comprise a first specific electrode group and a second specific electrode group located on the same side of the vertical center line; in the first specific electrode group, the distal end of the drive electrode is farther away from the vertical center line than the proximal end, and in the second specific electrode group, the distal end of the drive electrode is farther away from the vertical center line than the proximal end. the first specific electrode group and the second specific electrode group are axially symmetrical along the horizontal center line.

3. The liquid crystal lens of claim 2, wherein, 4.The liquid crystal lens of claim 1, wherein an end of the drive electrode away from the horizontal center line is a distal end of the drive electrode, and an end of the drive electrode close to the horizontal center line is a proximal end of the drive electrode; the specific electrode group comprises a first drive electrode and a second drive electrode, the first drive electrode is farther away from the vertical center line than the second drive electrode, the distal end of the first drive electrode is closer to the vertical center line than the proximal end, and the distal end of the second drive electrode is closer to the vertical center line than the proximal end; the distance from the distal end of the first drive electrode to the horizontal center line is greater than the distance from the distal end of the second drive electrode to the horizontal center line. the distal end of the first drive electrode and / or the distal end of the second drive electrode is located on the vertical center line.

5. The liquid crystal lens of claim 4, wherein, the plurality of electrode groups comprise a third specific electrode group and a fourth specific electrode group located on both sides of the vertical center line; 6. The liquid crystal lens of claim 5, wherein, at least one drive electrode in the third specific electrode group is connected to at least one drive electrode in the fourth specific electrode group. all drive electrodes in the specific electrode group are located on the same side of the vertical center line.

7. The liquid crystal lens according to any one of claims 4 to 5, wherein 8.The liquid crystal lens of claim 1 or 2, wherein ​ The plurality of electrode groups comprises a fifth specific electrode group and a sixth specific electrode group on the same side of the vertical center line. The plurality of driving electrodes in the fifth specific electrode group are respectively connected with the plurality of driving electrodes in the sixth specific electrode group, or each driving electrode in the fifth specific electrode group is mutually insulated with all the driving electrodes in the sixth specific electrode group.

9. The liquid crystal lens according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, In the specific electrode group, the intervals between the proximal ends of the plurality of driving electrodes are equal; the proximal end of the driving electrode is the end of the driving electrode close to the horizontal center line.

10. The liquid crystal lens of claim 1 or 2, wherein, In the plurality of electrode groups, two electrode groups on the same side of the horizontal center line are axisymmetric along the vertical center line.

11. The liquid crystal lens of claim 1 or 2, wherein, Further comprising: A plurality of edge electrodes, the extension direction of the edge electrodes is parallel to the vertical center line, and the edge electrodes are located on the side of the electrode groups away from the vertical center line.

12. The liquid crystal lens according to claim 11, wherein, The specific electrode group comprises a third driving electrode and a fourth driving electrode, the third driving electrode is farther away from the edge electrode than the fourth driving electrode; the distal end of the third driving electrode is closer to the edge electrode than the proximal end; the distal end of the fourth driving electrode is closer to the edge electrode than the proximal end; The distance from the distal end of the third driving electrode to the horizontal center line is greater than the distance from the distal end of the fourth driving electrode to the horizontal center line; or the line connecting the distal end of the third driving electrode and the distal end of the fourth driving electrode is parallel to the horizontal center line.

13. The liquid crystal lens of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The plurality of driving electrodes in the specific electrode group are mutually insulated.

14. The liquid crystal lens of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The driving electrode width is equal everywhere.

15. The liquid crystal lens of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The shape of the driving electrode is curved, and the plurality of driving electrodes protrude away from the vertical center line; Or, The shape of the plurality of driving electrodes is a straight strip.

16. The liquid crystal lens of claim 1 or 2, wherein, Further comprising: A center electrode, the straight line where the center electrode is located overlaps the vertical center line.

17. The liquid crystal lens of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The liquid crystal lens further comprises: A first alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the first electrode layer, the alignment direction of the first alignment layer is parallel to the second direction; And / or, A second alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the second electrode layer; the alignment direction of the second alignment layer is parallel to the second direction.

18. The liquid crystal lens of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The liquid crystal lens is formed by splicing a plurality of liquid crystal sub-lenses; the liquid crystal layer is separated from each other in different parts of different liquid crystal sub-lenses; at least two of the plurality of electrode groups of the liquid crystal lens are distributed in different liquid crystal sub-lenses.

19. A lens module, wherein, A plurality of liquid crystal lenses are configured to be connected, the liquid crystal lens is as claimed in any one of claims 1-18, and the plurality of liquid crystal lenses are connected.

20. A lens sub-module, a plurality of lens sub-modules are configured to be spliced into at least one liquid crystal lens; the liquid crystal lens is divided into M light adjustment areas by a horizontal center line and a vertical center line, the horizontal center line is a straight line passing through the optical center of the liquid crystal lens and extending along a first direction, and the vertical center line is a straight line passing through the optical center of the liquid crystal lens and extending along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. The lens sub-module comprises: a liquid crystal sub-layer; a first electrode sub-layer, which is arranged in a stack on one side of the liquid crystal sub-layer; in the thickness direction of the liquid crystal lens, the first electrode sub-layer corresponds to the positions of N light-adjusting areas of the liquid crystal lens, N being greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M; and a second electrode sub-layer, which is arranged in a stack on the side of the liquid crystal sub-layer away from the first electrode sub-layer; the second electrode sub-layer comprises an electrode group corresponding to each position of the N light-adjusting areas; in the thickness direction of the liquid crystal lens, the N electrode groups correspond one-to-one to the positions of the N light-adjusting areas; the electrode group comprises a row of drive electrodes arranged along the first direction; wherein at least one of the N electrode groups is a specific electrode group; in the specific electrode group, the inclination angles of a plurality of drive electrodes gradually increase in the direction away from the vertical center line, wherein the inclination angle of the drive electrode is the included angle between the extension direction of the drive electrode and the second direction.

21. A display device, wherein, comprise: a display panel; and the liquid crystal lens according to any one of claims 1-18 is arranged on the light-emitting side of the display panel. ​

Images