A lettuce harvester and method of use thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a lettuce harvesting machine and a use method thereof and belongs to the technical field of lettuce harvesting. The lettuce harvesting machine comprises a vehicle body, a leaf-removing assembly, a cutting assembly and a conveying assembly which are arranged on the vehicle body, and the cutting assembly is located between the leaf-removing assembly and the conveying assembly. The leaf-removing assembly is arranged, and the leaf-removing assembly is adjusted under the identification of a camera, so that the electric rotating table on the leaf-removing assembly can drive the leaf-removing ring on the telescopic measuring piece to be adjusted, and the leaf-removing can be adjusted according to the growth state of the lettuce. The maximum diameter of the lettuce is measured by the telescopic measuring piece, the control box controls the double-shaft motor to be started, the started double-shaft motor drives the screw rod to rotate, so that the screw seat can drive the transmission belt on the connecting plate to be adjusted in distance, the adjusted distance is the same as the maximum diameter of the lettuce measured by the telescopic measuring piece, the harvesting machine can remove leaves, harvest and convey the lettuce of different sizes, and the practicability of the harvesting machine is enhanced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of lettuce harvesting, and particularly relates to a lettuce harvesting machine and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Agricultural production not only needs to meet the growing demand for food by the increasing population, but also needs to adapt to the changing market demand, among which the demand for vegetable products is rising, especially leafy vegetables such as lettuce, which are favored by consumers due to their rich nutrition and unique flavor. In such a market demand, vegetable planting and harvesting technology has also developed and progressed.

[0003] In the modern planting process, modern agricultural machinery and equipment are usually used for planting, and the lettuce planting machine is one of them. The lettuce planting machine is specially used for sowing lettuce seeds. These machines can accurately control the depth and spacing of sowing to ensure uniform distribution of seeds and improve germination rate and growth quality.

[0004] In the lettuce planting industry, with the expansion of planting area and the improvement of planting technology, the traditional manual harvesting method has been unable to meet the efficient and precise harvesting demand. Traditional manual harvesting not only has high labor intensity and low efficiency, but also easily causes damage and waste of lettuce during the harvesting process, affecting the quality of the product and market competitiveness. In order to solve the above problems, agricultural machinery and equipment have been widely used in the field of lettuce harvesting.

[0005] However, the existing lettuce harvesting machines mostly have problems such as single function, low intelligence, poor adaptability, etc. For example, some harvesting machines can only perform simple cutting and collecting, and cannot automatically remove the leaves of lettuce, resulting in complicated subsequent processing procedures. Some harvesting machines have leaf removal function, but the leaf removal effect is not ideal and the lettuce body is easily damaged. In addition, the existing harvesting machines also have certain difficulties in adapting to lettuce of different sizes and shapes, and cannot achieve precise harvesting. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a lettuce harvesting machine and a use method thereof.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme: a lettuce harvesting machine, comprising a vehicle body, a leaf removal assembly, a cutting assembly and a conveying assembly arranged on the vehicle body, the cutting assembly being located between the leaf removal assembly and the conveying assembly.

[0008] The leaf removal assembly comprises a pair of electric sliding platforms mounted on the vehicle body, a pair of output ends of the electric sliding platforms are provided with telescopic measuring members, one end of the telescopic measuring member away from the electric sliding platform is fixedly connected with a leaf removal ring, and a camera is mounted on the outer side of the telescopic measuring member.

[0009] The cutting assembly comprises a cutting piece for cutting the leaf-removed lettuce, a transmission piece is installed above the cutting piece, the transmission piece is used for conveying the cut lettuce, and an adjusting piece is arranged between the transmission piece and the vehicle body.

[0010] The conveying assembly comprises a conveying belt installed on the inner side of the vehicle body, the conveying belt is used for conveying the lettuce, and a collecting frame connected with the vehicle body is arranged at the end of the conveying belt away from the transmission piece.

[0011] By adopting the above technical scheme, the leaf-removing assembly, the cutting assembly and the conveying assembly are integrated, the whole process automation from leaf removal to cutting and then to conveying is realized, which not only greatly reduces the labor intensity, but also improves the harvesting efficiency, so that the harvesting process of the lettuce is more rapid and convenient.

[0012] Optionally, the telescopic measuring piece is connected with the electric sliding table through an electric rotating table, and the telescopic measuring piece is fixedly connected with the rotating end of the electric rotating table.

[0013] By adopting the above technical scheme, the introduction of the electric rotating table enables the telescopic measuring piece to have a rotating function, which means that when the camera recognizes that the lettuce is in an inclined state, the electric rotating table can drive the telescopic measuring piece and the leaf-removing ring thereon to deflect at an angle to adapt to the inclination angle of the lettuce. This flexibility ensures that the leaf-removing ring can always maintain appropriate contact with the surface of the lettuce, thereby more effectively performing the leaf-removing treatment.

[0014] Optionally, the cutting piece comprises a pair of cutting motors installed on the vehicle body, a cutting knife is fixedly connected to the output end of each of the pair of cutting motors, and the pair of cutting motors are fixedly connected with the lower support at the bottom of the vehicle body.

[0015] By adopting the above technical scheme, the pair of cutting motors work simultaneously to provide more powerful power output, so that the cutting knife is more rapid and powerful when cutting the lettuce, which not only shortens the cutting time of a single lettuce, but also maintains high efficiency in continuous operation to improve the overall harvesting speed.

[0016] Optionally, the transmission piece comprises a pair of connecting plates connected with the vehicle body, a pair of transmission wheels and a pair of tensioning wheels are installed on the surfaces of the pair of connecting plates respectively, and a transmission belt is sleeved on the outer sides of the pair of transmission wheels and the pair of tensioning wheels.

[0017] By adopting the above technical scheme, through the cooperation of the transmission wheels and the tensioning wheels, the transmission belt can maintain a stable running state, effectively transmitting the cut lettuce from the cutting area to the conveying assembly. This design reduces the bumping and vibration during the transmission process, protects the integrity of the lettuce and avoids damage caused by improper transmission.

[0018] Optionally, the connecting plate is installed in an inclined manner, and an included angle between the connecting plate and the lower support of the bottom of the vehicle body is an acute angle.

[0019] By adopting the above technical scheme, the inclined connecting plate causes the transmission path of the transmission belt to be inclined accordingly, which helps to better match the relative positions between the cutting assembly and the conveying assembly, and can ensure that the cut lettuce can be smoothly transferred to the conveying assembly, reducing blockage or damage caused by poor transmission path.

[0020] Optionally, the adjusting member includes a mounting plate fixedly connected with the vehicle body, a strip-shaped hole is formed in the surface of the mounting plate, a double-shaft motor is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the strip-shaped hole, the output ends of the double-shaft motor are fixedly connected with lead screws with opposite screw directions, the outer sides of the two lead screws are respectively connected with lead screw seats, and the surface of the lead screw is fixedly connected with a connecting column having one end fixedly connected with the transmission member.

[0021] By adopting the above technical scheme, since different varieties of lettuce may differ in size, shape, etc., the distance between the transmission member and the cutting assembly needs to be adjusted according to actual conditions, and the design of the adjusting member makes such adjustment simple and fast.

[0022] Optionally, the mounting plate is installed in an inclined manner, one end of the mounting plate close to the transmission member is provided with a pair of directional grooves, the pair of directional grooves are distributed in parallel with the strip-shaped hole, and the pair of directional grooves are located on both sides of the strip-shaped hole.

[0023] By adopting the above technical scheme, the directional grooves are provided, so that the connecting plate can be directionally moved and adjusted.

[0024] Optionally, the specifications of the lead screw seats are matched with the specifications of the lead screws, and the lead screw seats on the outer sides of the pair of lead screws move synchronously to the middle or both sides in position when the pair of lead screws rotates.

[0025] By adopting the above technical scheme, this design makes the position of the transmission member flexible and adjustable as needed.

[0026] Optionally, a reversing assembly is installed on the conveying belt, the reversing assembly includes a mounting bracket fixedly installed on the vehicle body, a first electric push rod is installed on the mounting bracket, the output end of the first electric push rod is fixedly connected with a baffle, a second electric push rod is installed on the side wall of the vehicle body, the second electric push rod is used in cooperation with the baffle, the output end of the second electric push rod is fixedly connected with a pushing seat, and a laser sensor is installed between the baffle and the pushing seat.

[0027] By adopting the technical scheme, the reversing assembly realizes flexible reversing of the asparagus lettuce on the conveying belt through the cooperation of the first electric push rod and the second electric push rod, when it is necessary to change the placing direction of the asparagus lettuce inside the collecting frame, the first electric push rod pushes the baffle to move to a proper position to block the lettuce, and meanwhile the second electric push rod drives the pushing seat to push the lettuce, and the two cooperate to reverse the asparagus lettuce.

[0028] Optionally, the asparagus lettuce is cut and conveyed through the leaf-removing assembly, the cutting assembly and the conveying assembly, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0029] The leaf-removing ring on the leaf-removing assembly is positioned at the upper end of the lettuce through the control device on the vehicle body to control the positioning and movement of the vehicle body.

[0030] When the camera identifies that the lettuce is vertical, the electric sliding table on the leaf-removing assembly drives the telescopic measuring piece and the leaf-removing ring on the telescopic measuring piece to move downward, and the distance between the two leaf-removing rings gradually increases from small to large during the movement to remove the leaves.

[0031] When the camera identifies that the lettuce is inclined, the electric rotating table on the leaf-removing assembly drives the telescopic measuring piece to deflect, after the deflection is completed, the electric sliding table on the leaf-removing assembly drives the telescopic measuring piece and the leaf-removing ring on the telescopic measuring piece to move downward, and the leaf-removing ring drives the lettuce to be righted through the electric rotating table during the movement, and meanwhile the distance between the two leaf-removing rings gradually increases from small to large to remove the leaves.

[0032] When the telescopic measuring piece measures the maximum diameter of the lettuce, the signal of the maximum diameter is transmitted to the control device.

[0033] The control device receiving the signal controls the double-shaft motor on the cutting assembly to start, the double-shaft motor drives the lead screw to rotate, and the connecting plate on the transmission piece adjusts the distance according to the received maximum diameter under the cooperation of the lead seat.

[0034] After the leaf removal is completed, the vehicle body advances, and the cutting piece on the cutting assembly and the transmission piece cut and convey the lettuce.

[0035] The conveyed lettuce enters the collecting frame through the conveying belt on the conveying assembly.

[0036] By adopting the technical scheme, the whole process realizes accurate leaf removal, cutting and conveying of the lettuce through highly automated mechanical devices, greatly improves the harvesting efficiency and quality, and reduces the labor intensity.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0038] 1. By incorporating a defoliation component, under camera recognition, the electric rotary table on the defoliation component can adjust the defoliation ring on the telescopic measuring component. This allows for adjustment of defoliation based on the lettuce's growth status. During defoliation, the telescopic measuring component measures the maximum diameter of the lettuce. The control box then starts a dual-axis motor, which drives a lead screw to rotate. This, in turn, allows the lead screw seat to adjust the spacing of the transmission belt on the connecting plate. The adjusted spacing matches the maximum diameter measured by the telescopic measuring component, enabling the harvester to defoliate, harvest, and transport lettuce of different sizes, enhancing its practicality. 2. By incorporating a reversing component, a laser sensor detects the lettuce. The received signal activates the first electric push rod, causing it to lower a baffle to block the lettuce. Simultaneously, the second electric push rod activates, driving a pusher seat to push the lettuce, converting the linear transport on the conveyor belt to lateral transport. This ensures the lettuce inside the collection box is neatly arranged. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the harvester of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a top view of the harvester structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a top view of the mounting plate structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure between the mounting bracket and the first electric push rod of the present invention.

[0043] In the diagram: 1. Vehicle body; 101. Control box; 2. Leaf removal assembly; 21. Electric slide table; 22. Telescopic measuring component; 221. Electric rotary table; 23. Leaf removal ring; 24. Camera; 3. Cutting assembly; 31. Cutting component; 311. Cutting motor; 312. Cutting blade; 32. Transmission component; 321. Connecting plate; 322. Transmission wheel; 323. Tensioning wheel; 324. Transmission belt; 33. Adjusting component; 331. Mounting plate; 332. Strip hole; 333. Dual-axis motor; 334. Lead screw; 335. Lead screw seat; 336. Connecting column; 4. Conveying assembly; 41. Conveyor belt; 42. Collection box; 5. Reversing assembly; 51. Mounting bracket; 52. Electric push rod No. 1; 53. Baffle; 54. Electric push rod No. 2; 55. Push seat; 56. Laser sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "middle", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 4, the specific solution of the embodiment is as follows: A lettuce harvester includes a vehicle body 1, and a leaf-removing component 2, a cutting component 3, and a conveying component 4 disposed on the vehicle body 1. The vehicle body 1 includes a frame and a traveling device mounted on the frame. A control box 101 is installed on the vehicle body 1, and a control device is installed inside the control box 101. The control device can control the electrical components on the vehicle body 1. The cutting component 3 is located between the leaf-removing component 2 and the conveying component 4.

[0047] The leaf removal assembly 2 includes a pair of electric slides 21 mounted on the vehicle body 1. The electric slides 21 are fixedly connected to the vehicle frame via a fixing plate. A telescopic measuring element 22 is installed at the output end of the pair of electric slides 21. The telescopic measuring element 22 is a rod-type linear displacement sensor. The working principle of the rod-type linear displacement sensor is mainly based on the principle of resistance change. Specifically, when the rod moves linearly, the induced resistance on the rod will change accordingly. This resistance change is converted into an electrical signal output through a measuring circuit, thereby reflecting the distance moved by the rod. The telescopic measuring element 22 is connected to the electric slides 21 via an electric rotary table 221. The electric rotary table 221 can drive the telescopic measuring element 22 to adjust its angle. The telescopic measuring element 22 is fixedly connected to the rotating end of the electric rotary table 221. A leaf removal ring 23 is fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic measuring element 22 away from the electric slides 21.

[0048] The leaf-removing ring 23 is arc-shaped. The electric sliding table 21 can drive the leaf-removing ring 23 to move up and down. The electric rotating table 221 can drive the leaf-removing ring 23 to adjust the angle. The telescopic measuring element 22 can drive the leaf-removing ring 23 to adjust and measure the distance. The camera 24 is installed on the outer side of the telescopic measuring element 22. The camera 24 can monitor the state of the lettuce. When the camera 24 monitors that the lettuce is vertical, the control device only needs to control the telescopic measuring element 22 on the electric sliding table 21 to extend and retract. When the camera 24 monitors that the lettuce is inclined, the control device needs to control the electric rotating table 221 to start, so that the telescopic measuring element 22 drives the leaf-removing ring 23 to adjust the angle, and the lettuce is leaf-removed and righted. Since the lettuce is planted by the asparagus lettuce planter, the planting distance is the same. Therefore, only the distance moved by the vehicle body 1 each time needs to be input into the control device, so that the leaf-removing ring 23 and the lettuce can be positioned and processed.

[0049] The cutting assembly 3 comprises a cutting element 31. The cutting element 31 comprises a pair of cutting motors 311 installed on the vehicle body 1. The output ends of the pair of cutting motors 311 are fixedly connected with cutting knives 312, respectively. The pair of cutting motors 311 are fixedly connected with the lower support at the bottom of the vehicle body 1. The cutting knives 312 are 5-10 cm higher than the ground. The two cutting knives 312 are at the same horizontal position. The cutting element 31 is used for cutting the asparagus lettuce after leaf removal. A transmission element 32 is installed above the cutting element 31. The transmission element 32 comprises a pair of connecting plates 321 connected with the vehicle body 1. The connecting plates 321 are installed in an inclined manner. The included angle between the connecting plates 321 and the lower support at the bottom of the vehicle body 1 is an acute angle. A pair of transmission wheels 322 and a pair of tension wheels 323 are installed on the surfaces of the pair of connecting plates 321, respectively. A transmission belt 324 is sleeved on the outer sides of the pair of transmission wheels 322 and the pair of tension wheels 323. The tension wheels 323 are arranged to adjust the tension of the transmission belt 324. The transmission element 32 is arranged to convey the asparagus lettuce. The inclined design of the transmission element 32 helps to reduce the accumulation of materials in the conveying process, so that the asparagus lettuce can be more smoothly conveyed to the next link. The transmission element 32 is used for conveying the asparagus lettuce after cutting.

[0050] The transmission member 32 is provided with an adjusting member 33 between the vehicle body 1, the adjusting member 33 includes a mounting plate 331 fixedly connected with the vehicle body 1, the mounting plate 331 is installed in an inclined manner, the mounting plate 331 and the connecting plate 321 are inclined at the same angle, a strip-shaped hole 332 is formed in the surface of the mounting plate 331, the strip-shaped hole 332 is located at the middle position of the mounting plate 331, a pair of directional grooves are formed in one end of the mounting plate 331 close to the transmission member 32, the pair of directional grooves are distributed in parallel with the strip-shaped hole 332, and the pair of directional grooves are located on both sides of the strip-shaped hole 332, a directional seat is fixedly connected with one end of the connecting plate 321 close to the mounting plate 331, and the directional seat moves directionally on the inner side of the directional groove;

[0051] The inner side wall of the strip-shaped hole 332 is fixedly connected with a double-shaft motor 333, the double-shaft motor 333 is located at the middle position of the strip-shaped hole 332, and the double-shaft motor 333 is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the strip-shaped hole 332 through fixing bolts, the output end of the double-shaft motor 333 is fixedly connected with screw rods 334 with opposite thread directions, respectively, two screw rods 334 are connected with the inner side wall of the strip-shaped hole 332 through bearings or bearing seats, respectively, the outer sides of the two screw rods 334 are connected with screw seats 335, respectively, the specifications of the screw seats 335 are matched with the specifications of the screw rods 334, the pair of screw rods 334 rotate in the same direction, the screw seats 335 on the outer sides of the screw rods 334 move in position synchronously to the middle or both sides, and the surface of the screw rod 334 is fixedly connected with a connecting column 336 fixedly connected with the transmission member 32 at one end, and the other end of the connecting column 336 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 321.

[0052] The conveying assembly 4 includes a conveying belt 41 mounted on the inner side of the vehicle body 1, the conveying belt 41 is on the same horizontal line as the vehicle frame, the conveying belt 41 is used for conveying lettuce, one end of the conveying belt 41 away from the transmission member 32 is provided with a collecting frame 42 connected with the vehicle body 1, a pressure sensor is mounted on the lower surface of the collecting frame 42, and the falling of the collecting frame 42 can be realized through a clamp or an electromagnet.

[0053] The reversing assembly 5 is installed on the conveying belt 41, and the reversing assembly 5 comprises a mounting frame 51 fixedly installed on the vehicle body 1, the mounting frame 51 comprises a cross beam and a bottom plate installed at the middle position of the cross beam, a first electric push rod 52 is installed on the mounting frame 51, the first electric push rod 52 is fixedly installed on the surface of the bottom plate, the output end of the first electric push rod 52 is fixedly connected with a baffle 53, the cooperation between the first electric push rod 52 and the baffle 53 can block the lettuce on the conveying belt 41, a second electric push rod 54 is installed on the side wall of the vehicle body 1, the second electric push rod 54 is used in cooperation with the baffle 53, the output end of the second electric push rod 54 is fixedly connected with a pushing seat 55, the pushing seat 55 is semispherical, a laser sensor 56 is installed between the baffle 53 and the pushing seat 55, the laser sensor 56 can sense the lettuce on the conveying belt 41, the sensing signal is transmitted to the inside of the control box 101, the cooperation between the second electric push rod 54 and the pushing seat 55 can push the lettuce on the conveying belt 41, so as to change the state of the lettuce on the conveying belt 41.

[0054] A method for using the lettuce harvesting machine, the lettuce is cut and conveyed by the leaf removing assembly 2, the cutting assembly 3 and the conveying assembly 4, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0055] The control device on the vehicle body 1 is used to control the positioning and movement of the vehicle body 1, the distance of the movement of the vehicle body 1 is adjusted according to the spacing of the lettuce planting machine, and the leaf removing rings 23 on the leaf removing assembly 2 are located at the upper end of the lettuce;

[0056] When the camera 24 identifies that the lettuce is vertical, the electric sliding table 21 on the leaf removing assembly 2 drives the telescopic measuring member 22 and the leaf removing rings 23 on the telescopic measuring member 22 to move downward, and the spacing between the two leaf removing rings 23 gradually increases from small to large during the movement process for leaf removing treatment;

[0057] When the camera 24 identifies that the lettuce is inclined, the electric rotating table 221 on the leaf removing assembly 2 drives the telescopic measuring member 22 to deflect, after the deflection is completed, the electric sliding table 21 on the leaf removing assembly 2 drives the telescopic measuring member 22 and the leaf removing rings 23 on the telescopic measuring member 22 to move downward, and the leaf removing rings 23 drive the lettuce to be righted through the electric rotating table 221 during the movement process, at the same time, the spacing between the two leaf removing rings 23 gradually increases from small to large for leaf removing treatment;

[0058] When the telescopic measuring member 22 measures the maximum diameter of the lettuce, the signal of the maximum diameter is transmitted to the control device, and the maximum diameter of the lettuce is calculated according to the formula Dmax=Lmax−Linitial, wherein Linitial is the initial length (or the starting length) of the telescopic measuring member 22, Lmax is the maximum length of the telescopic measuring member 22 when it surrounds the part with the maximum diameter of the lettuce, and Dmax is the maximum diameter of the lettuce.

[0059] The control device receiving the signal controls the double-shaft motor 333 on the cutting assembly 3 to start, and the double-shaft motor 333 drives the screw rod 334 to rotate. Under the cooperation of the screw seat 335, the connecting plate 321 on the transmission member 32 is adjusted in interval according to the maximum diameter received;

[0060] After the defoliation is completed, the vehicle body 1 advances, and the cutting member 31 on the cutting assembly 3 and the transmission member 32 cut and convey the lettuce;

[0061] The conveyed lettuce enters the collecting frame 42 through the conveying belt 41 on the conveying assembly 4. The pressure sensor under the collecting frame 42 senses the weight of the collected lettuce. When the weight of the lettuce reaches the preset value, the control system immediately issues an instruction, and the harvester is temporarily stopped. The collecting frame 42 automatically falls off. After the pressure sensor senses that the empty collecting frame 42 is put on, the harvesting continues until the machine is manually stopped.

[0062] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A machine for harvesting lettuce, characterised in that, Including a vehicle body (1), and the leaf removal assembly (2), cutting assembly (3) and conveying assembly (4) arranged on the vehicle body (1), the cutting assembly (3) is located between the leaf removal assembly (2) and the conveying assembly (4); The leaf removal assembly (2) includes a pair of electric sliding tables (21) mounted on the vehicle body (1), a pair of output ends of the electric sliding tables (21) are provided with telescopic measuring members (22), one end of the telescopic measuring members (22) away from the electric sliding tables (21) is fixedly connected with a leaf removal ring (23), and the outer side of the telescopic measuring members (22) is provided with a camera (24); The cutting assembly (3) includes a cutting member (31) for cutting the leafy lettuce after leaf removal, a transmission member (32) is mounted above the cutting member (31) for conveying the leafy lettuce after cutting, and an adjusting member (33) is arranged between the transmission member (32) and the vehicle body (1); The conveying assembly (4) includes a conveying belt (41) mounted on the inner side of the vehicle body (1), the conveying belt (41) is used for conveying the leafy lettuce, and one end of the conveying belt (41) away from the transmission member (32) is provided with a collecting frame (42) connected with the vehicle body (1); When the camera (24) identifies that the lettuce is vertical, the leaf removal assembly (2) removes the leaves of the lettuce through the leaf removal ring (23); when the camera (24) identifies that the lettuce is inclined, the leaf removal assembly (2) righting the lettuce through the leaf removal ring (23); when the telescopic measuring member (22) measures the maximum diameter of the lettuce, the signal of the maximum diameter is transmitted to the control device, and the control device controls the transmission member (32) to adjust the spacing.

2. A lettuce harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterised in that: The telescopic measuring member (22) is connected with the electric sliding table (21) through an electric rotating table (221), and the telescopic measuring member (22) is fixedly connected with the rotating end of the electric rotating table (221).

3. A lettuce harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterised in that: The cutting member (31) includes a pair of cutting motors (311) mounted on the vehicle body (1), a cutting knife (312) is fixedly connected to the output end of each of the cutting motors (311), and the cutting motors (311) are fixedly connected with the lower support at the bottom of the vehicle body (1).

4. A lettuce harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterised in that: The transmission member (32) includes a pair of connecting plates (321) connected with the vehicle body (1), a pair of transmission wheels (322) and a pair of tensioning wheels (323) are mounted on the surfaces of the connecting plates (321), respectively, and a transmission belt (324) is sleeved on the outer sides of the transmission wheels (322) and the tensioning wheels (323).

5. A lettuce harvesting machine according to claim 4, characterised in that: The connecting plates (321) are installed in an inclined manner, and the included angle between the connecting plates (321) and the lower support at the bottom of the vehicle body (1) is an acute angle.

6. A lettuce harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterised in that: The adjusting piece (33) comprises a mounting plate (331) fixedly connected with the vehicle body (1), a strip-shaped hole (332) is formed in the surface of the mounting plate (331), a double-shaft motor (333) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the strip-shaped hole (332), screw rods (334) with opposite screw directions are fixedly connected to the output ends of the double-shaft motor (333), respectively, a wire seat (335) is connected to the outer side of each of the screw rods (334), and a connecting column (336) with one end fixedly connected with the transmission piece (32) is fixedly connected to the surface of the screw rod (334).

7. A lettuce harvesting machine according to claim 6, characterised in that: The mounting plate (331) is installed in an inclined manner, one end of the mounting plate (331) close to the transmission piece (32) is provided with a pair of directional grooves, the pair of directional grooves are distributed in parallel with the strip-shaped hole (332), and the pair of directional grooves are located on the two sides of the strip-shaped hole (332).

8. A lettuce harvesting machine according to claim 6, characterised in that: The specifications of the wire seat (335) are matched with the specifications of the screw rod (334), and the wire seat (335) on the outer side of the screw rod (334) is synchronously moved to the middle or the two sides when the pair of screw rods (334) rotates.

9. A lettuce harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterised in that: The reversing assembly (5) is installed on the conveying belt (41), the reversing assembly (5) comprises a mounting frame (51) fixedly installed on the vehicle body (1), a first electric push rod (52) is installed on the mounting frame (51), a baffle (53) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first electric push rod (52), a second electric push rod (54) is installed on the side wall of the vehicle body (1), the second electric push rod (54) is used in cooperation with the baffle (53), a pushing seat (55) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second electric push rod (54), and a laser sensor (56) is installed between the baffle (53) and the pushing seat (55).

10. A method of using a lettuce harvester according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The lettuce is cut and conveyed through the leaf removing assembly (2), the cutting assembly (3) and the conveying assembly (4), and the method comprises the following steps: The leaf removing rings (23) on the leaf removing assembly (2) are located at the upper end of the lettuce by controlling the positioning movement of the vehicle body (1) through the control device on the vehicle body (1); When the camera (24) identifies that the lettuce is vertical, the electric sliding table (21) on the leaf removing assembly (2) drives the telescopic measuring piece (22) and the leaf removing rings (23) on the telescopic measuring piece (22) to move downwards, and the distance between the two leaf removing rings (23) gradually increases during the movement process to remove the leaves; When the camera (24) identifies that the lettuce is inclined, the electric rotating table (221) on the leaf removing assembly (2) drives the telescopic measuring piece (22) to deflect, after the deflection is completed, the electric sliding table (21) on the leaf removing assembly (2) drives the telescopic measuring piece (22) and the leaf removing rings (23) on the telescopic measuring piece (22) to move downwards, and the leaf removing rings (23) drive the lettuce to be upright through the electric rotating table (221) during the movement process, and the distance between the two leaf removing rings (23) gradually increases to remove the leaves; When the telescopic measuring piece (22) measures the maximum diameter of the lettuce, the signal of the maximum diameter is transmitted to the control device. The control device receiving the signal controls the double-shaft motor (333) on the cutting assembly (3) to start, the double-shaft motor (333) drives the screw rod (334) to rotate, under the cooperation of the screw seat (335), the connecting plate (321) on the transmission member (32) is adjusted in interval according to the received maximum diameter; After the defoliation is completed, the vehicle body (1) advances, the cutting member (31) on the cutting assembly (3) and the transmission member (32) cut and convey the lettuce; The conveyed lettuce enters the collecting frame (42) through the conveying belt (41) on the conveying assembly (4).

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