A fine sludge dispersant, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The application provides a fine sludge dispersant and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of mineral flotation. The fine sludge dispersant comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-6 parts of a surfactant, 2-3 parts of an organic polymer dispersant and 0.5-1 parts of an alkaline dispersant. The surfactant is selected from one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium octanoate. The fine sludge dispersant provided by the application realizes the flotation separation of high-weathered lithia mica ore under the condition of less desliming, has good dispersing effect, has low manufacturing cost and does not affect the concentrate grade.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mineral flotation technology, and in particular to a fine mud dispersant, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Lepidolite, as an important lithium mineral, plays a crucial role in the extraction and utilization of lithium resources. It is widely used in lithium-ion batteries, glass ceramics, ceramic materials, fire-resistant materials, and other fields. With the booming development of the new energy industry, especially the widespread adoption of electric vehicles and energy storage devices, the demand for lithium resources is constantly increasing, thus promoting the development and utilization of lepidolite.

[0003] Existing dispersants for lepidolite flotation mainly include organic polymer dispersants, such as polyacrylamide (PAM) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Their advantages are good dispersion effect and high dispersion stability, but their disadvantage is high preparation cost. Surfactants, such as sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, have the advantage of low preparation cost and good dispersion effect, but some surfactants may affect the quality of lepidolite concentrate under certain conditions. Alkaline dispersants, such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and lime, have the advantage of simple operation and a certain degree of antifoaming effect, but their dispersion effect may not be as good as organic dispersants. Therefore, in recent years, high-dispersibility and selectivity lepidolite flotation fine mud dispersants have gradually become a research hotspot. Developing a fine mud dispersant to achieve efficient separation of lepidolite flotation under conditions of less desliming is of great significance for improving the separation index of strongly weathered lepidolite ore in Yichun area. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes a fine mud dispersant, its preparation method and application.

[0005] The present invention proposes a fine mud dispersant comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-6 parts of surfactant, 2-3 parts of organic polymer dispersant, and 0.5-1 parts of alkaline dispersant.

[0006] The fine mud dispersant of the present invention can prevent the fine mud particles from agglomerating and settling by using surfactants, organic polymer dispersants or alkaline dispersants in combination, thus maintaining the dispersed state.

[0007] Preferably, the surfactant is selected from one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and sodium octanoate.

[0008] Surfactants in the liquid phase can reduce the surface tension of the liquid, thereby reducing the interaction forces between fine mud particles and slowing down the particle aggregation rate.

[0009] Preferably, the organic polymer dispersant is selected from one or more of polyacrylamide, polyether, and polyvinylpyrrolidone.

[0010] Organic polymer dispersants form hydrophilic polymer chains in water, which can adsorb onto the surface of fine mud to form a dispersion layer. This imparts a charge to the mud surface, generating electrostatic repulsion and preventing aggregation and agglomeration, thus maintaining particle dispersion. Furthermore, the molecular structure of organic polymer dispersants contains both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups, leading to physical or chemical adsorption between the aqueous and solid phases (lepidolite surface). This alters the surface properties of the particles; the adsorption reduces adhesion, weakens inter-particle interactions, and further prevents aggregation and sedimentation, maintaining particle dispersion.

[0011] Preferably, the alkaline dispersant is selected from one or more of sodium hydroxide and lime.

[0012] The alkaline dispersant ensures that the fine mud is fully dispersed during the flotation separation of lepidolite, preventing the fine mud from covering the surface of the lepidolite.

[0013] The present invention also proposes a method for preparing a fine mud dispersant, comprising the following steps: mixing a surfactant, an organic polymer dispersant, and an alkaline dispersant evenly to obtain a fine mud dispersant.

[0014] Preferably, the preparation of the fine mud dispersant aqueous solution includes dissolving the fine mud dispersant in water to obtain the fine mud dispersant aqueous solution.

[0015] More preferably, the mass fraction of the fine mud dispersant aqueous solution is 3-10 wt%.

[0016] The preparation method proposed in this invention is simple, has low manufacturing cost, and the resulting fine mud dispersant does not affect the grade of the concentrate. When the mass fraction of the fine mud dispersant aqueous solution is within a suitable range, it can prevent the aggregation and agglomeration of fine mud and maintain the particle dispersion state.

[0017] The present invention also proposes the application of the above-mentioned fine mud dispersant or the fine mud dispersant prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method in the flotation separation of lepidolite ore.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0019] The fine mud dispersant provided by this invention enables flotation separation of highly weathered lithium mica ore under conditions of minimal desliming. The fine mud dispersant has good dispersion effect, low manufacturing cost, and does not affect the concentrate grade. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail through specific embodiments.

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, all materials and reagents used in the following examples and comparative examples are commercially available.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] A method for preparing a fine mud dispersant includes the following steps: mixing 25g sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 10g sodium octanoate, 13.5g polyvinylpyrrolidone and 1.5g sodium hydroxide evenly to obtain a fine mud dispersant; dissolving the fine mud dispersant in water to prepare a 5wt% fine mud dispersant aqueous solution.

[0024] The chemical composition of a lithium mica ore sample from Yifeng is shown in Table 1:

[0025] Table 1

[0026]

[0027] The flotation collector was coconut oil amine. The mineral sample was subjected to a roughing and cleaning flotation process using the collector and a fine mud dispersant. The flotation process conditions were as follows:

[0028] (1) Pretreatment of mineral samples: The mineral samples were screened so that 24% of the floating particles were less than -0.074mm. The -400 mesh fine mud was removed from part of the mineral samples, and the amount of mud removed was 3%.

[0029] (2) Positive flotation enrichment: Add 400g of mineral sample to a 1L flotation cell, add 750mL of tap water to adjust the slurry, stir thoroughly, add 200g / t of fine mud dispersant aqueous solution and stir for 3min; then add 320g / t of coconut oil amine and stir for 4min. Aerated flotation is performed, and the resulting froth product is lepidolite rough concentrate, while the product in the flotation cell is flotation tailings; after adjusting the slurry with tap water, the resulting lepidolite rough concentrate is further refined through a single cleaning process to obtain lepidolite concentrate, while the product in the flotation cell is returned as lepidolite middlings.

[0030] By using the prepared fine mud dispersant and its coarse-fine flotation process, a lithium mica concentrate with a Li2O grade of 2.08% and a recovery rate of 84.35% was finally obtained, with good separation indicators.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] A method for preparing a fine mud dispersant includes the following steps: mixing 25g sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 10g sodium octanoate, 14g polyvinylpyrrolidone, and 1g sodium hydroxide evenly to obtain a fine mud dispersant; dissolving the fine mud dispersant in water to prepare a 5wt% fine mud dispersant aqueous solution.

[0033] The chemical composition of the tailings from a tantalum-niobium ore in Yichun after gravity separation and pre-enrichment of tantalum and niobium is shown in Table 2.

[0034] Table 2

[0035]

[0036] The flotation collector was coconut oil amine. This collector, along with a fine mud dispersant, was used to perform a roughing and cleaning flotation of the ore sample. The flotation process conditions were as follows:

[0037] (1) Pretreatment of mineral samples: The mineral samples were screened so that 25% of the floating particles were less than -0.074mm. The -400 mesh fine mud was removed from part of the mineral samples, and the amount of mud removed was 4%.

[0038] (2) Positive flotation enrichment: Add 420g of mineral sample to a 1L flotation cell, add 740mL of tap water to adjust the slurry, stir thoroughly, then add 180g / t of the above-mentioned fine mud dispersant aqueous solution and stir for 3min; then add 350g / t of coconut oil amine and stir for 4min. Aerated flotation is performed, and the resulting froth product is lepidolite rough concentrate, while the product in the flotation cell is flotation tailings; after adding tap water to adjust the slurry, the resulting lepidolite rough concentrate is further refined through a single cleaning process to obtain the froth product, which is lepidolite concentrate, while the product in the flotation cell is returned as lepidolite middlings.

[0039] By using the prepared fine mud dispersant and its coarse-fine flotation process, a lithium mica concentrate with a Li2O grade of 2.39% and a recovery rate of 86.01% was finally obtained, with good separation indicators.

[0040] Comparative Example 1

[0041] A method for preparing a fine mud dispersant includes the following steps: mixing 35g of sodium octanoate and 15g of polyether evenly to obtain a fine mud dispersant; dissolving the fine mud dispersant in water to prepare a 5wt% fine mud dispersant aqueous solution.

[0042] The chemical composition of a lithium mica ore sample from Yifeng is shown in Table 1:

[0043] Table 1

[0044]

[0045] The flotation collector was coconut oil amine. The mineral sample was subjected to a roughing and cleaning flotation process using the collector and a fine mud dispersant. The flotation process conditions were as follows:

[0046] (1) Pretreatment of mineral samples: The mineral samples were screened so that 24% of the floating particles were less than -0.074mm. The -400 mesh fine mud was removed from part of the mineral samples, and the amount of mud removed was 3%.

[0047] (2) Positive flotation enrichment: Add 400g of mineral sample to a 1L flotation cell, add 750mL of tap water to adjust the slurry, stir thoroughly, then add 200g / t of the above-mentioned fine mud dispersant aqueous solution and stir for 3min; then add 320g / t of coconut oil amine and stir for 4min. Aerated flotation is performed, and the resulting froth product is lepidolite rough concentrate, while the product in the flotation cell is flotation tailings; after adding tap water to adjust the slurry, the resulting lepidolite rough concentrate is further refined through a single cleaning process to obtain the froth product, which is lepidolite concentrate, while the product in the flotation cell is returned as lepidolite middlings.

[0048] Using the prepared fine mud dispersant and its coarse-fine flotation process, a lithium mica concentrate with a Li2O grade of 1.65% and a recovery rate of 70.26% was finally obtained, with poor separation index.

[0049] Comparative Example 2

[0050] A method for preparing a fine mud dispersant includes the following steps: mixing 40g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and 10g of polyvinylpyrrolidone evenly to obtain a fine mud dispersant; dissolving the fine mud dispersant in water to prepare a 5wt% fine mud dispersant aqueous solution.

[0051] The chemical composition of a lithium mica ore sample from Yifeng is shown in Table 1:

[0052] Table 1

[0053]

[0054] The flotation collector was coconut oil amine. The mineral sample was subjected to a roughing and cleaning flotation process using the collector and a fine mud dispersant. The flotation process conditions were as follows:

[0055] (1) Pretreatment of mineral samples: The mineral samples were screened so that 24% of the floating particles were less than -0.074mm. The -400 mesh fine mud was removed from part of the mineral samples, and the amount of mud removed was 3%.

[0056] (2) Positive flotation enrichment: Add 400g of mineral sample to a 1L flotation cell, add 750mL of tap water to adjust the slurry, stir thoroughly, then add 200g / t of the above-mentioned fine mud dispersant aqueous solution and stir for 3min; then add 320g / t of coconut oil amine and stir for 4min. Aerated flotation is performed, and the resulting froth product is lepidolite rough concentrate, while the product in the flotation cell is flotation tailings; after adding tap water to adjust the slurry, the resulting lepidolite rough concentrate is further refined through a single cleaning process to obtain the froth product, which is lepidolite concentrate, while the product in the flotation cell is returned as lepidolite middlings.

[0057] Using the prepared fine mud dispersant and its coarse-fine flotation process, a lithium mica concentrate with a Li2O grade of 1.79% and a recovery rate of 76.21% was finally obtained, with the separation indicators being average.

[0058] In summary, the application of the fine mud dispersant provided by this invention in the flotation separation of lepidolite results in better flotation separation performance of lepidolite.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of a fine mud dispersant in the flotation separation of lepidolite ore, characterized in that, The fine mud dispersant comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-6 parts surfactant, 2-3 parts organic polymer dispersant, and 0.5-1 parts alkaline dispersant; the surfactant is selected from one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and sodium octanoate; the organic polymer dispersant is selected from one or more of polyacrylamide, polyether, and polyvinylpyrrolidone; and the alkaline dispersant is selected from one or more of sodium hydroxide and lime.

2. A method for preparing a fine mud dispersant as described in claim 1 for use in the flotation separation of lepidolite ore, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: mixing surfactant, organic polymer dispersant, and alkaline dispersant evenly to obtain a fine mud dispersant.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preparation of the fine mud dispersant aqueous solution includes dissolving the fine mud dispersant in water to obtain the fine mud dispersant aqueous solution.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mass fraction of the fine mud dispersant aqueous solution is 3-10 wt%.

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