Battery thermal management method and device, electronic equipment, storage medium and program product

Abstract

The application relates to a battery heat management method and device, electronic equipment, a storage medium and a program product. The method comprises the following steps: collecting a plurality of temperature values of a battery module; calculating the highest temperature, the lowest temperature and the maximum temperature difference of the battery module according to the plurality of temperature values, and identifying the current operation mode of the direct-cooling battery management system; if the current operation mode is the battery direct-cooling mode, determining the rotating speed of a compressor according to the highest temperature, determining a plurality of evaporation flow channel superheat control coefficients according to the maximum temperature difference, controlling the compressor according to the rotating speed of the compressor, and simultaneously controlling the superheat of the corresponding evaporation flow channel according to the plurality of evaporation flow channel superheat control coefficients, so as to cool the battery module. In this way, the heat management function of the battery module is accurately controlled by monitoring and controlling the heat of the battery module, the quality, volume and flow resistance of the battery heat management system are reduced, and the adaptability of the battery module is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery thermal management technology, and in particular to a battery thermal management method, apparatus, electronic device, storage medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0002] Battery thermal management technology has undergone years of development, with various new methods emerging. It can be categorized into different types based on various criteria. For example, based on the cooling medium used, it can be divided into air, liquid, phase change materials, and heat pipes; based on whether it consumes energy, it can be divided into active and passive types; and based on whether the battery is in contact with the cooling medium, it can be divided into direct and indirect types. Air thermal management systems, with their advantages of simple structure, low cost, and convenient maintenance, were first applied to battery thermal management systems (e.g., the Toyota Prius 2001). However, with the increase in battery energy density and the development of fast charging technology, battery packs generate a large amount of heat in a short time. Numerous studies have shown that using air as a heat transfer medium is insufficient to control the battery temperature and temperature difference within a reasonable range. Compared to air, liquid media have higher heat capacity and heat transfer coefficient, therefore, liquid thermal management systems are better suited to meet the temperature control requirements of power batteries. The main factor restricting the development of liquid thermal management technology is that such systems are complex, requiring more auxiliary equipment (such as pumps and water tanks), increasing the overall vehicle weight, and posing a risk of leakage. Phase change materials (PCMs) are substances that undergo a phase change at a specific temperature and absorb or release energy. With their advantages such as low cost, excellent cooling effect, and huge energy storage capacity, PCMs have become a hot topic in battery thermal management research in recent years.

[0003] In related technologies, batteries are arranged on a cold plate, and low-temperature or high-temperature two-phase fluids or single-phase fluids circulate inside the cold plate according to the cooling or heating requirements of the batteries.

[0004] However, while the aforementioned technologies achieve thermal management of the battery through cold plates, only one side of the battery can directly contact the cold plate. To improve heat exchange efficiency, additional heat exchange components need to be added vertically. Cold plates themselves are relatively large in mass and volume, and their internal flow channel design is generally complex to enhance temperature uniformity, further increasing internal flow resistance. Furthermore, battery modules contain numerous individual cells, leading to significant temperature differences within the module during actual operation. Traditional cold plates cannot adjust the distribution of cooling capacity to different areas, lacking precise temperature control at different locations within the battery module, a problem that urgently needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a battery thermal management method, device, electronic device, storage medium, and program product to solve the problems of large volume, high weight, high flow resistance of cold plates and lack of precise temperature control at different locations of the battery module in related technologies. It reduces the weight, volume, and flow resistance of the battery thermal management system, while achieving precise temperature control of the battery module in different zones, improving the battery thermal management effect and giving the battery module greater adaptability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of the present invention provides a battery thermal management method. The method is applied to a direct-cooling battery management system, which includes a compressor, a condenser, multiple battery expansion valves, and a battery module. The battery module includes multiple battery cells, multiple heat pipes bent according to the shape of each battery cell and uniformly attached to each battery cell, an electric heater for the evaporation section attached to each heat pipe, and an evaporation channel for the condensation section attached to each heat pipe. The multiple heat pipes are inclined at a predetermined angle in the vertical direction of each battery cell. The compressor, the condenser, the multiple electronic expansion valves, and the multiple evaporation channels of the battery module are connected in series to form a refrigeration cycle loop. The method includes the following steps:

[0007] Collect multiple temperature values ​​of the battery module;

[0008] The highest temperature, lowest temperature, and maximum temperature difference of the battery module are calculated based on the multiple temperature values, and the current operating mode of the direct-cooling battery management system is identified.

[0009] If the current operating mode is the direct cooling mode of the battery, the compressor speed is determined according to the highest temperature, and the superheat control coefficient of the multiple evaporation channels is determined according to the maximum temperature difference. The compressor is controlled according to the compressor speed, and the superheat control of the corresponding evaporation channels is performed according to the multiple evaporation channel superheat control coefficients to cool down the battery module.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, determining the compressor speed based on the highest temperature includes:

[0011] If the highest temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, it is determined that the battery module has no cooling requirement.

[0012] If the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature and the highest temperature is less than the second preset temperature, then the compressor speed is adjusted to the first speed.

[0013] If the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature and the highest temperature is less than the third preset temperature, then the compressor speed is adjusted to the second speed, wherein the second speed is greater than the first speed;

[0014] If the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the third preset temperature, the compressor speed is adjusted to the third speed, wherein the third speed is greater than the second speed.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the battery module includes first to third evaporation channels, and determining the superheat control coefficient of the plurality of evaporation channels based on the maximum temperature difference includes:

[0016] If the maximum temperature difference is less than the first preset temperature difference, the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel is adjusted to the first coefficient, the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel is adjusted to the second coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel is adjusted to the third coefficient.

[0017] If the maximum temperature difference is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature difference, and the maximum temperature difference is less than the second preset temperature difference, then the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel is adjusted to the fourth coefficient, the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel is adjusted to the fifth coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel is adjusted to the sixth coefficient.

[0018] If the maximum temperature difference is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature difference, and the maximum temperature difference is less than the third preset temperature difference, then the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel is adjusted to the seventh coefficient, the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel is adjusted to the eighth coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel is adjusted to the ninth coefficient.

[0019] If the maximum temperature difference is greater than or equal to the third preset temperature difference, then the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel is adjusted to the tenth coefficient, the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel is adjusted to the eleventh coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel is adjusted to the twelfth coefficient.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present invention, after identifying the current operating mode of the direct-cooled battery management system, the method further includes:

[0021] If the current operating mode is heating mode, then the total power of the electric heater is determined based on the lowest temperature;

[0022] The heating power of each electric heater is determined based on the maximum temperature difference and the total power of the electric heater, and the corresponding electric heater is controlled according to the heating power of each electric heater to heat the battery module.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, determining the total power of the electric heater based on the lowest temperature includes:

[0024] If the minimum temperature is less than or equal to the fourth preset temperature, then the total power of the electric heater is the first total power;

[0025] If the lowest temperature is greater than the fourth preset temperature and the lowest temperature is less than or equal to the fifth preset temperature, then the total power of the electric heater is the second total power, wherein the second total power is greater than the first total power;

[0026] If the lowest temperature is greater than the fifth preset temperature and the lowest temperature is less than or equal to the sixth preset temperature, then the total power of the electric heater is the third total power, wherein the third total power is greater than the second total power;

[0027] If the minimum temperature is greater than the sixth preset temperature, it is determined that the battery module has no heating requirement.

[0028] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the battery module includes first to third heaters, and determining the heating power of each heater based on the maximum temperature difference and the total power of the heaters includes:

[0029] If the maximum temperature difference is less than or equal to the fourth preset temperature difference, then the electric power of the first heater is the first heating power, the second heater is the second heating power, and the third heater is the third heating power, wherein the sum of the first heating power, the second heating power, and the third heating power is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference;

[0030] If the maximum temperature difference is greater than the fourth preset temperature difference, and the maximum temperature difference is less than or equal to the fifth preset temperature difference, then the electric power of the first heater is the fourth heating power, the second heater is the fifth heating power, and the third heater is the sixth heating power, wherein the sum of the fourth heating power, the fifth heating power, and the sixth heating power is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference;

[0031] If the maximum temperature difference is greater than the fifth preset temperature difference, and the maximum temperature difference is less than or equal to the sixth preset temperature difference, then the electric power of the first heater is the seventh heating power, the second heater is the eighth heating power, and the third heater is the ninth heating power, wherein the sum of the seventh heating power, the eighth heating power, and the ninth heating power is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference;

[0032] If the maximum temperature difference is greater than the sixth preset temperature difference, then the electric power of the first heater is the tenth heating power, the second heater is the eleventh heating power, and the third heater is the twelfth heating power, wherein the sum of the tenth heating power, the eleventh heating power, and the twelfth heating power is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference.

[0033] The battery thermal management method proposed in this embodiment of the invention determines the current operating mode of the direct-cooling battery management system based on the different temperature values ​​of each zone of the battery module. The compressor speed is calculated based on the current operating mode and the highest temperature of the direct-cooling battery management system, and the superheat control coefficient of the evaporator channel is calculated based on the maximum temperature difference. The compressor and the corresponding evaporator channel are controlled according to the compressor speed and the superheat control coefficient of the evaporator channel to perform thermal management of the battery module. Therefore, by monitoring and controlling the heat of the battery module in zones, precise control of the battery module's thermal management function is achieved, while reducing the mass, volume, and flow resistance of the battery thermal management system, resulting in higher adaptability of the battery module.

[0034] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of the present invention provides a battery thermal management device. The device is applied to a direct-cooling battery management system, which includes a compressor, a condenser, multiple battery expansion valves, and a battery module. The battery module includes multiple battery cells, multiple heat pipes bent according to the shape of the battery cells and uniformly attached to each battery cell, an electric heater for the evaporation section attached to each heat pipe, and an evaporation channel for the condensation section attached to each heat pipe. The multiple heat pipes are inclined at a predetermined angle in the vertical direction of each battery cell. The compressor, the condenser, the multiple electronic expansion valves, and the multiple evaporation channels of the battery module are connected in series to form a refrigeration cycle loop. The device includes:

[0035] The acquisition module is used to acquire multiple temperature values ​​of the battery module;

[0036] The calculation module is used to calculate the highest temperature, lowest temperature and maximum temperature difference of the battery module based on the multiple temperature values, and to identify the current operating mode of the direct-cooling battery management system.

[0037] The cooling module is used to determine the compressor speed based on the highest temperature and the superheat control coefficient of the multiple evaporation channels based on the maximum temperature difference if the current operating mode is the battery direct cooling mode. It also controls the compressor based on the compressor speed and controls the superheat of the corresponding evaporation channels based on the multiple evaporation channel superheat control coefficients to cool the battery module.

[0038] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the cooling module is specifically used for:

[0039] If the highest temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, it is determined that the battery module has no cooling requirement.

[0040] If the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature and the highest temperature is less than the second preset temperature, then the compressor speed is adjusted to the first speed.

[0041] If the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature and the highest temperature is less than the third preset temperature, then the compressor speed is adjusted to the second speed, wherein the second speed is greater than the first speed;

[0042] If the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the third preset temperature, the compressor speed is adjusted to the third speed, wherein the third speed is greater than the second speed.

[0043] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the battery module includes first to third evaporation channels, and the cooling module is specifically used for:

[0044] If the maximum temperature difference is less than the first preset temperature difference, the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel is adjusted to the first coefficient, the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel is adjusted to the second coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel is adjusted to the third coefficient.

[0045] If the maximum temperature difference is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature difference, and the maximum temperature difference is less than the second preset temperature difference, then the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel is adjusted to the fourth coefficient, the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel is adjusted to the fifth coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel is adjusted to the sixth coefficient.

[0046] If the maximum temperature difference is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature difference, and the maximum temperature difference is less than the third preset temperature difference, then the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel is adjusted to the seventh coefficient, the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel is adjusted to the eighth coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel is adjusted to the ninth coefficient.

[0047] If the maximum temperature difference is greater than or equal to the third preset temperature difference, then the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel is adjusted to the tenth coefficient, the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel is adjusted to the eleventh coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel is adjusted to the twelfth coefficient.

[0048] According to one embodiment of the present invention, after identifying the current operating mode of the direct-cooled battery management system, the calculation module further includes:

[0049] A heating identification unit is used to determine the total power of the electric heater based on the lowest temperature when the current operating mode is heating mode.

[0050] The heating unit is used to determine the heating power of each electric heater based on the maximum temperature difference and the total power of the electric heater, and to control the corresponding electric heater based on the heating power of each electric heater in order to heat the battery module.

[0051] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the heating identification unit is specifically used for:

[0052] If the minimum temperature is less than or equal to the fourth preset temperature, then the total power of the electric heater is the first total power;

[0053] If the lowest temperature is greater than the fourth preset temperature and the lowest temperature is less than or equal to the fifth preset temperature, then the total power of the electric heater is the second total power, wherein the second total power is greater than the first total power;

[0054] If the lowest temperature is greater than the fifth preset temperature and the lowest temperature is less than or equal to the sixth preset temperature, then the total power of the electric heater is the third total power, wherein the third total power is greater than the second total power;

[0055] If the minimum temperature is greater than the sixth preset temperature, it is determined that the battery module has no heating requirement.

[0056] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the battery module includes first to third heaters, wherein the heating unit is specifically used for:

[0057] If the maximum temperature difference is less than or equal to the fourth preset temperature difference, then the electric power of the first heater is the first heating power, the second heater is the second heating power, and the third heater is the third heating power, wherein the sum of the first heating power, the second heating power, and the third heating power is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference;

[0058] If the maximum temperature difference is greater than the fourth preset temperature difference, and the maximum temperature difference is less than or equal to the fifth preset temperature difference, then the electric power of the first heater is the fourth heating power, the second heater is the fifth heating power, and the third heater is the sixth heating power, wherein the sum of the fourth heating power, the fifth heating power, and the sixth heating power is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference;

[0059] If the maximum temperature difference is greater than the fifth preset temperature difference, and the maximum temperature difference is less than or equal to the sixth preset temperature difference, then the electric power of the first heater is the seventh heating power, the second heater is the eighth heating power, and the third heater is the ninth heating power, wherein the sum of the seventh heating power, the eighth heating power, and the ninth heating power is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference;

[0060] If the maximum temperature difference is greater than the sixth preset temperature difference, then the electric power of the first heater is the tenth heating power, the second heater is the eleventh heating power, and the third heater is the twelfth heating power, wherein the sum of the tenth heating power, the eleventh heating power, and the twelfth heating power is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference.

[0061] The battery thermal management device proposed in this embodiment of the invention determines the current operating mode of the direct-cooling battery management system based on the different temperature values ​​of each zone of the battery module. It calculates the compressor speed based on the current operating mode and the highest temperature of the direct-cooling battery management system, and calculates the superheat control coefficient of the evaporator channel based on the maximum temperature difference. The compressor and the corresponding evaporator channel are controlled according to the compressor speed and the superheat control coefficient of the evaporator channel to perform thermal management of the battery module. Therefore, by monitoring and controlling the heat of the battery module in zones, precise control of the battery module's thermal management function is achieved, while reducing the mass, volume, and flow resistance of the battery thermal management system, resulting in greater adaptability of the battery module.

[0062] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the battery thermal management method as described in the above embodiments.

[0063] To achieve the above objectives, a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which is executed by a processor to implement the battery thermal management method as described in the above embodiments.

[0064] To achieve the above objectives, a fifth aspect of the present invention provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, is used to implement the battery thermal management method as described in the above embodiments.

[0065] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0066] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0067] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery thermal management system in related technologies;

[0068] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another battery thermal management system in related technologies;

[0069] Figure 3 A flowchart of a battery thermal management method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the operation mode of the direct cooling battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the operation mode of the heating mode of the direct-cooling battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 9 This is a schematic flowchart of the direct cooling mode of a battery thermal management method according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0076] Figure 10 This is a schematic flowchart of the heating mode of a battery thermal management method according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 11 This is a block diagram of a battery thermal management device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0079] Figure label:

[0080] 10-Battery thermal management device, 100-Acquisition module, 200-Computation module, 300-Cooling module, 1201-Memory, 1202-Processor, 1203-Communication interface. Detailed Implementation

[0081] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0082] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes a battery thermal management method, apparatus, electronic device, storage medium, and program product according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0083] Before introducing the battery thermal management method of the present invention, let's briefly introduce other means of optimizing the battery thermal management system in related technologies.

[0084] In related technologies, to reduce the size and weight of the battery thermal management system, an evaporator is selectively connected to the heating cycle and the cooling cycle depending on the situation, in order to reduce the energy consumption of the entire vehicle while meeting the thermal requirements of the power battery. Figure 1 As shown, the battery thermal management system includes:

[0085] 1000-Evaporator, 1100-First expansion valve, 2000-Air conditioning compressor, 3000-Condenser, 3100-Second expansion valve, 400-Heat exchanger, 410-Third expansion valve, 500-Circulation pump, 510-Replenishment tank, 520-Medium temperature radiator, 530-Motor, 540-Air compressor, 550-Controller, 600-First three-way valve, 700-Second three-way valve, 800-Power battery.

[0086] Its operating principle is as follows: the evaporator is used for heat exchange with the power battery. The condenser, air conditioning compressor, and evaporator form a loop, and the heat exchanger, heat dissipation components, air conditioning compressor, and evaporator form another loop. The evaporator is selectively connected to the condenser and / or heat exchanger. When the power battery temperature is low, the condenser can absorb heat from the external environment and then heat the power battery. If the power battery needs to heat up rapidly, the motor can be stalled, and the motor quickly generates a large amount of heat. The cooling medium absorbs heat through the heat dissipation components and enters the evaporator through the heat exchanger to heat the evaporator, allowing the power battery temperature to quickly reach the set temperature. When the power battery temperature is high, the heat can be dissipated through the condenser or heat exchanger.

[0087] In addition, other technical solutions achieve precise control of the battery thermal management system by adding different heating modes, such as high-temperature heating and low-temperature heating. Figure 2 As shown, the battery thermal management system includes:

[0088] Compressor 1, mode switching unit 20, heat exchanger unit 30, first throttle valve 9, second throttle valve 8, first solenoid valve 6, battery unit 40, regenerator 15 and electric heater 4000.

[0089] Its operating principle is as follows:

[0090] An electric heater 4000 is added to the direct-cooling battery thermal management system, enabling the system to have a first heating mode and a second heating mode. The ambient temperature in the first heating mode is higher than that in the second heating mode. In the first heating mode, refrigerant flows out from the first port a of the compressor 1, and after the flow direction is adjusted by the mode switching unit 20, it flows into the first heat exchange channel of the regenerator 15. The temperature difference between the refrigerant and the ambient temperature is large after it flows through the battery pack and the first throttle valve 9. The heat exchanger unit 30 can obtain enough heat from the environment to act as an evaporator to evaporate the refrigerant and reach the suction pressure required for the compressor 1 to start normally. In the second heating mode, the ambient temperature is lower. At this time, the electric heater 4000 starts heating. The refrigerant flowing out from the battery unit 40 flows through the second throttle valve 8 and enters the electric heater 4000, which acts as an evaporator to evaporate the refrigerant and reach the suction pressure required for the compressor 1 to start normally. When heating at low temperatures, the electric heater 4000 is used as the system heat source, so that the system is not affected by the low temperature of the external environment and continuously provides heat energy to the battery pack; on the other hand, it can precisely control the heat entering the system, so that the system can operate stably.

[0091] However, although the aforementioned technologies have achieved direct cooling and heating of refrigerant through complex circuit settings, the combination of battery and heat exchanger is still mainly based on cold plates, resulting in large mass and volume of heat exchange structure, high flow resistance, and battery temperature regulation can only be uniformly adjusted through the entire cold plate, making it impossible to perform precise zoned control within the battery module.

[0092] To address the issues of large volume, high mass, and high flow resistance of cold plates in the aforementioned related technologies, and the lack of precise temperature control at different locations of the battery module in the battery thermal management system, this invention proposes a battery thermal management system that uses heat pipes to replace the traditional cold plates in the prior art. Based on this system, a battery thermal management method is proposed, which can achieve precise regional control of battery temperature.

[0093] First, the battery thermal management method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0094] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a battery thermal management method provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0095] In this embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The battery thermal management system includes: a compressor 100A, a condenser 200A, multiple battery expansion valves (exemplarily 301-303), and a battery module 4. The battery module includes multiple battery cells 41, multiple heat pipes 42 bent according to the shape of the battery cells and uniformly attached to each battery cell, an evaporation section electric heater attached to each heat pipe, and an evaporation channel 431 attached to the condensation section of each heat pipe. The multiple heat pipes are inclined at a preset angle in the vertical direction of each battery cell. The compressor 100A, the condenser 200A, the multiple electronic expansion valves, and the multiple evaporation channels 431 of the battery module 4 are connected in series to form a refrigeration cycle loop.

[0096] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the battery cell 41 is rectangular. The heat pipe 42 is a flattened heat pipe with a smooth surface, allowing for good contact with the surface of the battery cell. The heat pipe is bent at a certain angle (α°) to facilitate the evaporation and condensation of the working fluid inside the heat pipe. The electric heater (441~443) can be a flat electric heating film or electric heating plate, with a width close to the width of the heat pipe, and its length can be adapted according to the length of the battery module. The evaporation channel (431~433) is a flat strip tube with a smooth surface, which can fit well with the condensation section of the heat pipe for convenient heat exchange. After being bent, the heat pipe 42 fits tightly with the battery cell, and three layers can be evenly arranged in the vertical direction according to the shape and size of the battery cell (or reduced to two layers or more layers can be arranged as needed). The heat pipe is tilted at a certain angle (the angle can be optimized according to the specific heat pipe type). The evaporation section of the heat pipe is attached to the electric heater (441~443) (the electric heater can be an electric heating film or an electric heating plate), and the condensation section of the heat pipe is attached to the evaporation channel (431~433). To reduce contact thermal resistance, thermally conductive silicone grease (or thermally conductive pads) are applied between the heat pipe and the battery cell, between the heat pipe and the electric heater, and between the heat pipe and the evaporation channel.

[0097] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention. 42 is a bent flat heat pipe that can be adjusted according to the size of the battery module, and the heat pipe 42 is tightly fitted to the battery cell 41. Electric heaters (441-443) are fitted to the evaporation section of the heat pipe 42, and evaporation channels (431-433) are fitted to the condensation section of the heat pipe 42. The heat pipe 42 mainly acts as a heat transfer bridge; the electric heaters (441-443) are the heat source when the battery module needs heating; and the evaporation channels (431-433) are the cold source when the battery module needs cooling. This battery module has a compact structure, overcoming the disadvantage of poor vertical heat transfer caused by placing the cold plate at the bottom of the battery in traditional methods. Simultaneously, the heat pipe has a fast response speed, and the heating or cooling needs of the battery module can be quickly met using the heat pipe. Direct refrigerant cooling reduces the intermediate heat exchange process required in traditional liquid cooling modes, lowers system complexity, and improves heat transfer efficiency.

[0098] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the battery thermal management method includes the following steps:

[0099] In step S301, multiple temperature values ​​of the battery module are collected.

[0100] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the battery module is divided into multiple blocks by multiple heat pipes. In order to achieve zoned management of the battery, temperature measuring points are set in each block where the heat pipe is located. When the battery thermal management system is working, the battery temperature of each block is obtained through temperature sensors.

[0101] For example, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the battery cell has three heat pipes on its outside. Three temperature measuring points are set, and the temperature at each of the three temperature measuring points is obtained and denoted as T1, T2 and T3.

[0102] In step S302, the highest temperature, lowest temperature and maximum temperature difference of the battery module are calculated based on multiple temperature values, and the current operating mode of the direct-cooling battery management system is identified.

[0103] Specifically, in the aforementioned step S301, multiple temperature values ​​corresponding to multiple blocks are obtained, the highest and lowest temperatures among the multiple temperature values ​​are calculated, and the difference between the highest and lowest temperatures is calculated as the maximum temperature difference. At the same time, the controller identifies the current operating mode of the direct-cooling battery management system.

[0104] In step S303, if the current operating mode is the battery direct cooling mode, the compressor speed is determined according to the highest temperature, and multiple evaporator flow channel superheat control coefficients are determined according to the maximum temperature difference. The compressor is controlled according to the compressor speed, and the corresponding evaporator flow channel is controlled according to the multiple evaporator flow channel superheat control coefficients to cool down the battery module.

[0105] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the operation mode of the direct cooling battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. When the controller recognizes that the current mode is the direct cooling mode of the battery, it determines the compressor speed based on the highest temperature, that is, determines the circulation speed of the refrigerant inside the heat pipe, and controls the compressor according to the speed to make the refrigerant start circulating; it determines the superheat control coefficient of multiple evaporation channels based on the maximum temperature difference, and performs superheat control on the corresponding evaporation channels according to the control coefficient.

[0106] For example, such as Figure 7 As shown, the arrows indicate the direction of heat transfer. When the controller detects a cooling requirement in the battery module, it initiates the refrigeration cycle. The refrigerant, after being throttled by the expansion valve, flows into the evaporation channel (431~433) to evaporate and absorb heat. The heat generated by the individual battery cells is first transferred to the heat pipe via thermal conduction. The working fluid inside the heat pipe undergoes a phase change upon heating, transferring heat to the evaporation channel. The evaporation channel absorbs heat and transfers it through the refrigeration cycle to the condenser, finally releasing it into the environment. The working fluid in the condensation section inside the heat pipe condenses and flows back to the evaporation section under gravity, completing one cycle. Through this refrigeration cycle, the battery module is cooled.

[0107] In some embodiments, determining the compressor speed based on the highest temperature includes: if the highest temperature is lower than a first preset temperature, determining that the battery module has no cooling requirement; if the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature and less than a second preset temperature, adjusting the compressor speed to a first speed; if the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature and less than a third preset temperature, adjusting the compressor speed to a second speed, wherein the second speed is greater than the first speed; and if the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the third preset temperature, adjusting the compressor speed to a third speed, wherein the third speed is greater than the second speed.

[0108] The first preset temperature, the second preset temperature, and the third preset temperature can be temperature values ​​set by those skilled in the art according to the actual needs of the thermal management system, or they can be temperature values ​​obtained through a limited number of computer simulations, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0109] Specifically, the first preset temperature is used as a standard to determine whether to start the cooling cycle. When the highest temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, the battery is not overheating, and the controller determines that the battery module has no cooling requirement and does not start the compressor. When the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature, it is determined that the battery module has a cooling requirement. At the same time, it is determined whether the highest temperature is greater than the second preset temperature. If the highest temperature is less than the second preset temperature, the compressor is controlled to maintain the first speed. When the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature but less than the third preset temperature, it indicates that the battery is currently overheating to a certain extent, and the power of the cooling system needs to be increased. Therefore, the compressor speed is adjusted to the second speed, where the second speed is greater than the first speed. If the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the third preset temperature, it indicates that the battery is overheating severely, and the compressor speed is adjusted to the third speed, where the third speed is greater than the second speed.

[0110] Optionally, in some embodiments, the battery module includes first to third evaporation channels. Determining multiple overheat control coefficients for the evaporation channels based on the maximum temperature difference includes: if the maximum temperature difference is less than a first preset temperature difference, adjusting the overheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel to a first coefficient, the overheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel to a second coefficient, and the overheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel to a third coefficient; if the maximum temperature difference is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature difference and less than the second preset temperature difference, adjusting the overheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel to a fourth coefficient, and the overheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel to a third coefficient. The superheat control coefficient for the third evaporation channel is set to the sixth coefficient. If the maximum temperature difference is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature difference and less than the third preset temperature difference, the superheat control coefficient for the first evaporation channel is set to the seventh coefficient, the superheat control coefficient for the second evaporation channel is set to the eighth coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient for the third evaporation channel is set to the ninth coefficient. If the maximum temperature difference is greater than or equal to the third preset temperature difference, the superheat control coefficient for the first evaporation channel is set to the tenth coefficient, the superheat control coefficient for the second evaporation channel is set to the eleventh coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient for the third evaporation channel is set to the twelfth coefficient.

[0111] The first preset temperature difference, the second preset temperature difference, and the third preset temperature difference can be values ​​set by those skilled in the art according to the actual needs of the thermal management system, or values ​​obtained through a limited number of computer simulations, and are not specifically limited here.

[0112] It should be noted that when the temperature difference is too large, the evaporation channel will be under too much workload and is prone to failure. Therefore, it is necessary to control the superheat of the evaporation channel according to the temperature difference.

[0113] Specifically, the battery module in this embodiment of the invention includes first to third evaporation channels. When the maximum temperature difference is less than a first preset temperature difference, the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel is controlled to be a first coefficient, the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel is controlled to be a second coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel is controlled to be a third coefficient, thereby controlling the superheat of the evaporation channels. When the maximum temperature difference is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature difference but less than the second preset temperature difference, the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel is adjusted to a fourth coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel is adjusted to a fifth coefficient. The superheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel is the sixth coefficient; when the maximum temperature difference is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature difference but less than the third preset temperature difference, the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel is adjusted to the seventh coefficient, the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel is the eighth coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel is the ninth coefficient; when the maximum temperature difference is greater than or equal to the third preset temperature difference, the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel is adjusted to the tenth coefficient, the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel is the eleventh coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel is the twelfth coefficient.

[0114] Therefore, the current operating mode of the direct-cooling battery management system is determined based on the different temperature values ​​of each zone of the battery module. The compressor speed is calculated based on the current operating mode and the highest temperature of the direct-cooling battery management system, and the superheat control coefficient of the evaporator channel is calculated based on the maximum temperature difference. The compressor and the corresponding evaporator channel are controlled according to the compressor speed and the superheat control coefficient of the evaporator channel to perform thermal management of the battery module.

[0115] Furthermore, in some embodiments, after identifying the current operating mode of the direct-cooling battery management system, the method further includes: if the current operating mode is a heating mode, determining the total power of the electric heater based on the lowest temperature; determining the heating power of each electric heater based on the maximum temperature difference and the total power of the electric heater; and controlling the corresponding electric heater based on the heating power of each electric heater to heat the battery module.

[0116] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the operation mode of the heating mode of the direct cooling battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. When the controller recognizes that the current mode is the heating mode, it determines the total power of the electric heater based on the lowest temperature, and determines the heating power of each electric heater based on the maximum temperature difference and the total power. The corresponding electric heater is controlled by the heating power of each electric heater to heat the battery module.

[0117] For example, such as Figure 8As shown in the figure, the arrows indicate the direction of heat transfer. When the controller determines that the battery needs to be heated, the electric heater (441~443) is powered on. The heat is first conducted from the electric heater to the evaporation section of the heat pipe (42), and then quickly transferred to different locations inside the battery module 4 by utilizing the excellent heat transfer properties of the heat pipe. The heat is then conducted to the battery cells (41) by the heat pipe, thereby realizing the heating mode of the battery module.

[0118] Optionally, in some embodiments, determining the total power of the heater based on the lowest temperature includes: if the lowest temperature is less than or equal to a fourth preset temperature, the total power of the heater is a first total power; if the lowest temperature is greater than the fourth preset temperature and less than or equal to a fifth preset temperature, the total power of the heater is a second total power, wherein the second total power is greater than the first total power; if the lowest temperature is greater than the fifth preset temperature and less than or equal to a sixth preset temperature, the total power of the heater is a third total power, wherein the third total power is greater than the second total power; if the lowest temperature is greater than the sixth preset temperature, it is determined that the battery module has no heating requirement.

[0119] The fourth, fifth, and sixth preset temperatures can be temperature values ​​set by those skilled in the art according to the actual needs of the thermal management system, or they can be temperature values ​​obtained through a limited number of computer simulations, and are not specifically limited here.

[0120] Specifically, when the lowest temperature is less than or equal to the fourth preset temperature, it indicates that the battery is severely cold and requires a large total power from the heater. The controller keeps the total power of the heater at the first power level. When the lowest temperature is greater than the fourth preset temperature but less than or equal to the fifth preset temperature, the battery is relatively cold, and the controller adjusts the total power of the heater to the second power level. When the lowest temperature is greater than the fifth preset temperature but less than or equal to the sixth preset temperature, the controller adjusts the total power of the heater to the third power level. When the lowest temperature is greater than the sixth preset temperature, it indicates that the battery has no heating requirement, and the heater does not work.

[0121] Optionally, in some embodiments, the battery module includes first to third heaters. The heating power of each heater is determined based on the maximum temperature difference and the total power of the heaters, including: if the maximum temperature difference is less than or equal to a fourth preset temperature difference, then the electric power of the first heater is the first heating power, the second heater is the second heating power, and the third heater is the third heating power, wherein the sum of the first heating power, the second heating power, and the third heating power is less than the total power of the heaters at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference; if the maximum temperature difference is greater than the fourth preset temperature difference and the maximum temperature difference is less than or equal to a fifth preset temperature difference, then the electric power of the first heater is the fourth heating power, the second heater is the fifth heating power, and the third heater is the sixth heating power, wherein the fourth heating power, the fifth heating power, and the sixth heating power are all determined based on the maximum temperature difference and the total power of the heaters. The sum of the heating powers is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference; if the maximum temperature difference is greater than the fifth preset temperature difference and less than or equal to the sixth preset temperature difference, then the electric power of the first heater is the seventh heating power, the second heater is the eighth heating power, and the third heater is the ninth heating power, wherein the sum of the seventh, eighth, and ninth heating powers is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference; if the maximum temperature difference is greater than the sixth preset temperature difference, then the electric power of the first heater is the tenth heating power, the second heater is the eleventh heating power, and the third heater is the twelfth heating power, wherein the sum of the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth heating powers is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference.

[0122] The fourth, fifth, and sixth preset temperature differences can be values ​​set by those skilled in the art based on the actual needs of the thermal management system, or values ​​obtained through a limited number of computer simulations, and are not specifically limited here.

[0123] Specifically, the battery module of this embodiment includes first to third heaters. When the maximum temperature difference is less than or equal to a fourth preset temperature difference, the power of the first heater is controlled to be a first heating power, the power of the second heater to be a second heating power, and the power of the third heater to be a third heating power. The sum of the first, second, and third heating powers should be less than the total power of the heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference. Furthermore, the first, second, and third heating powers may vary depending on actual conditions, and this invention does not impose a specific size limit on these values. When the maximum temperature difference is greater than the fourth preset temperature difference but less than or equal to a fifth preset temperature difference, the power of the first heater is controlled to be a fourth heating power, the power of the second heater to be a fifth heating power, and the power of the third heater to be a sixth heating power. The sum of the power of the fifth heating power and the sixth heating power is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference; when the maximum temperature difference is greater than the fifth preset temperature difference but less than or equal to the sixth preset temperature difference, the electric power of the first heater is controlled to be the seventh heating power, the second heater to be the eighth heating power, and the third heater to be the ninth heating power, wherein the sum of the seventh heating power, the eighth heating power, and the ninth heating power is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference; when the maximum temperature difference is greater than the sixth preset temperature difference, the electric power of the first heater is controlled to be the tenth heating power, the second heater to be the eleventh heating power, and the third heater to be the twelfth heating power, wherein the sum of the tenth heating power, the eleventh heating power, and the twelfth heating power is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference.

[0124] For example, when the maximum temperature difference is T and the corresponding minimum temperature is T0, the controller determines the relationship between the maximum temperature difference T and the fourth, fifth, and sixth preset temperature differences, as well as the relationship between the minimum temperature T0 and the fourth, fifth, and sixth preset temperatures. If the minimum temperature T0 is greater than the fifth preset temperature but less than or equal to the sixth preset temperature, the controller adjusts the total power of the heaters to the third power. If the maximum temperature difference T is greater than the fourth preset temperature difference and less than or equal to the fifth preset temperature difference, then the power of the first heater is the fourth heating power, the second heater is the fifth heating power, and the third heater is the sixth heating power. The sum of the fourth, fifth, and sixth heating powers is less than the third power.

[0125] To enable those skilled in the art to further understand the battery thermal management method of the present invention, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0126] Specifically, such as Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 This is a schematic flowchart of a battery thermal management method in direct cooling mode according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. The process of the battery thermal management method in direct cooling mode includes the following steps:

[0127] S901, Initialization: Set the maximum control temperature of the battery module: T max,1 ; T max,2 ; T max,3 Set the maximum control temperature difference Δ of the battery module. T max,1 ;Δ T max,2 ;Δ T max,3 .

[0128] S902, the controller collects temperature values ​​from temperature measurement points. T i ( i =1,2…, n ).

[0129] S903, calculates the highest temperature of the battery module: T max =max( T i ); Calculate the minimum temperature of the battery module: T min =min( T i ); Calculate the maximum temperature difference of the battery module: Δ T max = T max - T min Simultaneously execute S904 and S912.

[0130] S904, judgment T max <T max,1 If yes, proceed to step S905; if no, proceed to step S906.

[0131] S905, Exit cooling mode.

[0132] S906, start the cooling cycle.

[0133] S907, judgment T max,1 ≤ T max <T max,2 If yes, execute S908; if no, execute S909.

[0134] S908, compressor speed adjustment is R 1.

[0135] S909, judgment T max,2 ≤ T max <T max,3 If yes, execute S910; if no, execute S911.

[0136] S910, compressor speed adjustment is R 2.

[0137] S911, compressor speed adjustment is R 3.

[0138] S912, determine Δ T max < Δ T max,1 If yes, execute S913; if no, execute S914.

[0139] S913, the superheat control coefficient for the first evaporation channel is Δ K 01 The superheat control coefficient for the second evaporation channel is Δ. K 02 The superheat control coefficient for the third evaporation channel is Δ. K 03 .

[0140] S914, determine Δ T max,1 ≤Δ T max < Δ T max,2 If yes, execute S915; if no, execute S916.

[0141] S915, the superheat control coefficient for the first evaporation channel is Δ K 11 The superheat control coefficient for the second evaporation channel is Δ. K 12 The superheat control coefficient for the third evaporation channel is Δ. K 13 .

[0142] S916, determine Δ T max,2 ≤Δ T max < Δ T max,3 If yes, execute S917; if no, execute S918.

[0143] S917, the superheat control coefficient for the first evaporation channel is Δ K 21 The superheat control coefficient for the second evaporation channel is Δ. K 22 The superheat control coefficient for the third evaporation channel is Δ. K 22 .

[0144] S918, the superheat control coefficient for the first evaporation channel is Δ K 31 The superheat control coefficient for the second evaporation channel is Δ. K 32 The superheat control coefficient for the third evaporation channel is Δ. K 33 .

[0145] Furthermore, such as Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the heating mode of a battery thermal management method according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. The process of the battery thermal management method in heating mode includes the following steps:

[0146] S1001, Initialization: Set the minimum control temperature of the battery pack. T min,1 ; T min,2 ; T min,3 Set the maximum control temperature difference Δ of the battery pack. T max,a ;Δ T max,b ;Δ T max,c .

[0147] S1002, the controller collects the temperature value of the temperature measuring point; the controller collects the temperature value of the temperature measuring point.

[0148] S1003, calculate the maximum temperature of the battery pack: T max =max( T i ); Calculate the minimum temperature of the battery pack: T min =min( T i ); Calculate the maximum temperature difference of the battery pack: Δ T max = T max - T min Simultaneously execute S1004 and S1010.

[0149] S1004, judgment T min ≤ T min,1 If yes, then execute S1005; otherwise, execute S1006.

[0150] S1005, the total power of the electric heater is set to... P 1.

[0151] S1006, Determine T min,1 <T min ≤ T min,2 If yes, then execute S1007; if no, then execute S1008.

[0152] S1007, the total power of the electric heater is set to... P 2.

[0153] S1008, Determine T min,2 <T min ≤ T min,3 If yes, then execute S1009; if no, then execute S1010.

[0154] S1009, the total power of the electric heater is set to... P 3.

[0155] S1010, Exit heating mode.

[0156] S1011, determine Δ T max ≤Δ T max,a If yes, then execute S1012; if no, then execute S1013.

[0157] S1012, the power control of the first heater is as follows: P 01 The power control of the second heater is as follows: P 02 The power control of the third heater is as follows: P 03 And satisfy P 01 + P 02 + P 03 ≤ Corresponding T min Total power of the lower electric heater.

[0158] S1013, determine ΔT max,a < Δ T max ≤Δ T max,b If yes, execute S1014; otherwise, execute S1015.

[0159] S1014, the power control of the first heater is as follows: P 10 The power control of the second heater is as follows: P 12 The power control of the third heater is as follows: P 13 And satisfy P 10 + P 12 + P 13 ≤ Corresponding T min Total power of the lower electric heater.

[0160] S1015, determine Δ T max,b < Δ T max ≤Δ T max,c If yes, then execute S1016; otherwise, execute S1017.

[0161] S1016, the power control of the first heater is as follows: P 21 The power control of the second heater is as follows: P 22 The power control of the third heater is as follows: P 23 And satisfy P 21 + P 22 + P 23 ≤ Corresponding T min Total power of the lower electric heater.

[0162] S1017, the power control of the first heater is as follows: P 31 The power control of the second heater is as follows: P 32 The power control of the third heater is as follows: P 33 And satisfy P 31 + P32 + P 33 ≤ Corresponding T min Total power of the lower electric heater.

[0163] The battery thermal management method proposed in this embodiment of the invention determines the current operating mode of the direct-cooling battery management system based on the different temperature values ​​of each zone of the battery module. The compressor speed is calculated based on the current operating mode and the highest temperature of the direct-cooling battery management system, and the superheat control coefficient of the evaporator channel is calculated based on the maximum temperature difference. The compressor and the corresponding evaporator channel are controlled according to the compressor speed and the superheat control coefficient of the evaporator channel to perform thermal management of the battery module. Therefore, by monitoring and controlling the heat of the battery module in zones, precise control of the battery module's thermal management function is achieved, while reducing the mass, volume, and flow resistance of the battery thermal management system, resulting in higher adaptability of the battery module.

[0164] Next, the battery thermal management device according to an embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0165] Figure 11 This is a block diagram of a battery thermal management device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0166] like Figure 11 As shown, the battery thermal management device is applied to a direct-cooling battery management system. The battery management system includes a compressor, a condenser, multiple battery expansion valves, and a battery module. The battery module includes multiple battery cells, multiple heat pipes bent according to the shape of the battery cells and uniformly attached to each battery cell, an electric heater attached to the evaporation section of each heat pipe, and an evaporation channel attached to the condensation section of each heat pipe. The multiple heat pipes are inclined at a preset angle in the vertical direction of each battery cell. The compressor, condenser, multiple electronic expansion valves, and multiple evaporation channels of the battery module are connected in series to form a refrigeration cycle loop. The battery thermal management device includes: 10 including: a data acquisition module 100, a calculation module 200, and a cooling module 300.

[0167] The acquisition module 100 is used to acquire multiple temperature values ​​of the battery module.

[0168] The calculation module 200 is used to calculate the highest temperature, lowest temperature and maximum temperature difference of the battery module based on multiple temperature values, and to identify the current operating mode of the direct-cooling battery management system.

[0169] The cooling module 300 is used to determine the compressor speed based on the highest temperature and the superheat control coefficient of multiple evaporator channels based on the maximum temperature difference if the current operating mode is battery direct cooling mode. It also controls the compressor based on the compressor speed and controls the superheat of the corresponding evaporator channels based on the superheat control coefficient of multiple evaporator channels to cool the battery module.

[0170] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the cooling module 300 is specifically configured to: determine that the battery module has no cooling requirement if the highest temperature is less than a first preset temperature; adjust the compressor speed to a first speed if the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature and less than a second preset temperature; adjust the compressor speed to a second speed if the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature and less than a third preset temperature, wherein the second speed is greater than the first speed; and adjust the compressor speed to a third speed if the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the third preset temperature, wherein the third speed is greater than the second speed.

[0171] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the battery module includes first to third evaporation channels, and a cooling module 300, specifically configured to: if the maximum temperature difference is less than a first preset temperature difference, adjust the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel to a first coefficient, the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel to a second coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel to a third coefficient; if the maximum temperature difference is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature difference, and the maximum temperature difference is less than the second preset temperature difference, adjust the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel to a fourth coefficient, the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel to a fifth coefficient, and the third... The superheat control coefficient of the evaporation channel is the sixth coefficient; if the maximum temperature difference is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature difference and less than the third preset temperature difference, then the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel is adjusted to the seventh coefficient, the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel is adjusted to the eighth coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel is adjusted to the ninth coefficient; if the maximum temperature difference is greater than or equal to the third preset temperature difference, then the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel is adjusted to the tenth coefficient, the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel is adjusted to the eleventh coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel is adjusted to the twelfth coefficient.

[0172] According to one embodiment of the present invention, after identifying the current operating mode of the direct-cooling battery management system, the calculation module further includes a heating identification unit and a heating unit.

[0173] Among them, the heating identification unit is used to determine the total power of the electric heater based on the lowest temperature when the current operating mode is heating mode;

[0174] The heating unit is used to determine the heating power of each electric heater based on the maximum temperature difference and the total power of the electric heater, and to control the corresponding electric heater according to the heating power of each electric heater in order to heat the battery module.

[0175] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the heating identification unit is specifically configured to: if the lowest temperature is less than or equal to a fourth preset temperature, then the total power of the electric heater is a first total power; if the lowest temperature is greater than the fourth preset temperature and less than or equal to a fifth preset temperature, then the total power of the electric heater is a second total power, wherein the second total power is greater than the first total power; if the lowest temperature is greater than the fifth preset temperature and less than or equal to a sixth preset temperature, then the total power of the electric heater is a third total power, wherein the third total power is greater than the second total power; if the lowest temperature is greater than the sixth preset temperature, then it is determined that the battery module has no heating requirement.

[0176] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the battery module includes first to third heaters and a heating unit, specifically configured to: if the maximum temperature difference is less than or equal to a fourth preset temperature difference, then the electrical power of the first heater is a first heating power, the electrical power of the second heater is a second heating power, and the electrical power of the third heater is a third heating power, wherein the sum of the first heating power, the second heating power, and the third heating power is less than the total power of the heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference; if the maximum temperature difference is greater than the fourth preset temperature difference and the maximum temperature difference is less than or equal to a fifth preset temperature difference, then the electrical power of the first heater is a fourth heating power, the electrical power of the second heater is a fifth heating power, and the electrical power of the third heater is a sixth heating power, wherein the sum of the fourth heating power, the fifth heating power, and the sixth heating power is less than the maximum temperature difference. The total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the temperature difference; if the maximum temperature difference is greater than the fifth preset temperature difference, and the maximum temperature difference is less than or equal to the sixth preset temperature difference, then the electric power of the first heater is the seventh heating power, the second heater is the eighth heating power, and the third heater is the ninth heating power, wherein the sum of the seventh heating power, the eighth heating power, and the ninth heating power is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference; if the maximum temperature difference is greater than the sixth preset temperature difference, then the electric power of the first heater is the tenth heating power, the second heater is the eleventh heating power, and the third heater is the twelfth heating power, wherein the sum of the tenth heating power, the eleventh heating power, and the twelfth heating power is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference.

[0177] The battery thermal management device proposed in this embodiment of the invention determines the current operating mode of the direct-cooling battery management system based on the different temperature values ​​of each zone of the battery module. It calculates the compressor speed based on the current operating mode and the highest temperature of the direct-cooling battery management system, and calculates the superheat control coefficient of the evaporator channel based on the maximum temperature difference. The compressor and the corresponding evaporator channel are controlled according to the compressor speed and the superheat control coefficient of the evaporator channel to perform thermal management of the battery module. Therefore, by monitoring and controlling the heat of the battery module in zones, precise control of the battery module's thermal management function is achieved, while reducing the mass, volume, and flow resistance of the battery thermal management system, resulting in greater adaptability of the battery module.

[0178] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device may include:

[0179] The memory 1201, the processor 502, and the computer program stored on the memory 1201 and executable on the processor 1202.

[0180] When the processor 1202 executes the program, it implements the battery thermal management method provided in the above embodiments.

[0181] Furthermore, electronic devices also include:

[0182] Communication interface 1203 is used for communication between memory 1201 and processor 1202.

[0183] The memory 1201 is used to store computer programs that can run on the processor 1202.

[0184] The memory 1201 may include high-speed RAM (Random Access Memory) memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage.

[0185] If the memory 1201, processor 1202, and communication interface 1203 are implemented independently, then the communication interface 1203, memory 1201, and processor 1202 can be interconnected via a bus to complete communication between them. The bus can be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus, or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, etc. The bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 12The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0186] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 1201, processor 1202, and communication interface 1203 are integrated on a single chip, then the memory 1201, processor 1202, and communication interface 1203 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0187] Processor 1202 may be a CPU (Central Processing Unit), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention.

[0188] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the battery thermal management method described above.

[0189] This invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the battery thermal management method described above.

[0190] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0191] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0192] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery thermal management method, characterized in that, The method is applied to a direct-cooling battery management system, which includes a compressor, a condenser, multiple electronic expansion valves, and a battery module. The battery module includes multiple battery cells arranged in a horizontal row, multiple evaporation channels, and multiple electric heaters. Each battery cell includes multiple heat pipes attached to it; each heat pipe includes an evaporation section and a condensation section, and the heat pipes attached to the battery cell are evenly arranged in a row and spaced apart in the vertical direction. The heat pipes are inclined at a preset angle in the vertical direction of each battery cell; the heat pipes are bent according to the shape of the battery cell so that the evaporation section and the condensation section of the heat pipe are on opposite sides; the number of heaters and the number of evaporation channels correspond to the number of heat pipes evenly attached to the battery cell in the vertical direction; the multiple electric heaters are evenly arranged in a row in the vertical direction; each electric heater is attached to the evaporation section of all the heat pipes at the same vertical height; the multiple evaporation channels are evenly arranged in a row in the vertical direction; each evaporation channel is attached to the condensation section of all the heat pipes at the same vertical height; The compressor, the condenser, the plurality of electronic expansion valves, and the battery module, all connected in parallel, form a refrigeration cycle loop when connected in series. The method includes the following steps: Collect multiple temperature values ​​of the battery module; The highest temperature, lowest temperature, and maximum temperature difference of the battery module are calculated based on the multiple temperature values, and the current operating mode of the direct-cooling battery management system is identified. If the current operating mode is the direct cooling mode of the battery, the compressor speed is determined according to the highest temperature, and multiple evaporator channel superheat control coefficients are determined according to the maximum temperature difference. The compressor is controlled according to the compressor speed, and the corresponding evaporator channel is controlled for superheat according to the multiple evaporator channel superheat control coefficients to cool down the battery module.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the compressor speed based on the highest temperature includes: If the highest temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, it is determined that the battery module has no cooling requirement. If the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature and the highest temperature is less than the second preset temperature, then the compressor speed is adjusted to the first speed. If the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature and the highest temperature is less than the third preset temperature, then the compressor speed is adjusted to the second speed, wherein the second speed is greater than the first speed; If the highest temperature is greater than or equal to the third preset temperature, the compressor speed is adjusted to the third speed, wherein the third speed is greater than the second speed.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The battery module includes first to third evaporation channels, and determining the superheat control coefficient of the plurality of evaporation channels based on the maximum temperature difference includes: If the maximum temperature difference is less than the first preset temperature difference, then the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel is adjusted to the first coefficient, the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel is adjusted to the second coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel is adjusted to the third coefficient. If the maximum temperature difference is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature difference, and the maximum temperature difference is less than the second preset temperature difference, then the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel is adjusted to the fourth coefficient, the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel is adjusted to the fifth coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel is adjusted to the sixth coefficient. If the maximum temperature difference is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature difference, and the maximum temperature difference is less than the third preset temperature difference, then the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel is adjusted to the seventh coefficient, the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel is adjusted to the eighth coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel is adjusted to the ninth coefficient. If the maximum temperature difference is greater than or equal to the third preset temperature difference, then the superheat control coefficient of the first evaporation channel is adjusted to the tenth coefficient, the superheat control coefficient of the second evaporation channel is adjusted to the eleventh coefficient, and the superheat control coefficient of the third evaporation channel is adjusted to the twelfth coefficient.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After identifying the current operating mode of the direct-cooled battery management system, the method further includes: If the current operating mode is heating mode, then the total power of the electric heater is determined based on the lowest temperature; The heating power of each electric heater is determined based on the maximum temperature difference and the total power of the electric heater, and the corresponding electric heater is controlled according to the heating power of each electric heater to heat the battery module.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Determining the total power of the electric heater based on the lowest temperature includes: If the minimum temperature is less than or equal to the fourth preset temperature, then the total power of the electric heater is the first total power; If the lowest temperature is greater than the fourth preset temperature and the lowest temperature is less than or equal to the fifth preset temperature, then the total power of the electric heater is the second total power, wherein the second total power is greater than the first total power; If the lowest temperature is greater than the fifth preset temperature and the lowest temperature is less than or equal to the sixth preset temperature, then the total power of the electric heater is the third total power, wherein the third total power is greater than the second total power; If the minimum temperature is greater than the sixth preset temperature, it is determined that the battery module has no heating requirement.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The battery module includes first to third heaters. Determining the heating power of each heater based on the maximum temperature difference and the total power of the electric heaters includes: If the maximum temperature difference is less than or equal to the fourth preset temperature difference, then the electric power of the first heater is the first heating power, the second heater is the second heating power, and the third heater is the third heating power, wherein the sum of the first heating power, the second heating power, and the third heating power is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference; If the maximum temperature difference is greater than the fourth preset temperature difference, and the maximum temperature difference is less than or equal to the fifth preset temperature difference, then the electric power of the first heater is the fourth heating power, the second heater is the fifth heating power, and the third heater is the sixth heating power, wherein the sum of the fourth heating power, the fifth heating power, and the sixth heating power is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference; If the maximum temperature difference is greater than the fifth preset temperature difference, and the maximum temperature difference is less than or equal to the sixth preset temperature difference, then the electric power of the first heater is the seventh heating power, the second heater is the eighth heating power, and the third heater is the ninth heating power, wherein the sum of the seventh heating power, the eighth heating power, and the ninth heating power is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference; If the maximum temperature difference is greater than the sixth preset temperature difference, then the electric power of the first heater is the tenth heating power, the second heater is the eleventh heating power, and the third heater is the twelfth heating power, wherein the sum of the tenth heating power, the eleventh heating power, and the twelfth heating power is less than the total power of the electric heater at the lowest temperature corresponding to the maximum temperature difference.

7. A battery thermal management device, characterized in that, The device is applied to a direct-cooling battery management system, which includes a compressor, a condenser, multiple electronic expansion valves, and a battery module. The battery module includes multiple battery cells arranged in a horizontal row, multiple evaporation channels, and multiple electric heaters. Each battery cell includes multiple heat pipes attached to it; each heat pipe includes an evaporation section and a condensation section, and the heat pipes attached to the battery cell are evenly arranged in a row and spaced apart in the vertical direction. The heat pipes are inclined at a preset angle in the vertical direction of each battery cell, and the heat pipes are bent according to the shape of the battery cell so that the evaporation section and the condensation section of the heat pipe are on opposite sides. The number of heaters and the number of evaporation channels correspond to the number of heat pipes evenly attached to the battery cell in the vertical direction. The multiple electric heaters are evenly arranged in a row in the vertical direction. Each electric heater is attached to the evaporation section of all the heat pipes at the same vertical height. The multiple evaporation channels are evenly arranged in a row in the vertical direction. Each evaporation channel is attached to the condensation section of all the heat pipes at the same vertical height. The compressor, the condenser, the plurality of electronic expansion valves, and the plurality of evaporation channels of the battery module are connected in series to form a refrigeration cycle loop, wherein the device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire multiple temperature values ​​of the battery module; The calculation module is used to calculate the highest temperature, lowest temperature and maximum temperature difference of the battery module based on the multiple temperature values, and to identify the current operating mode of the direct-cooling battery management system. The cooling module is used to determine the compressor speed based on the highest temperature and determine multiple evaporator channel superheat control coefficients based on the maximum temperature difference if the current operating mode is battery direct cooling mode. It also controls the compressor based on the compressor speed and controls the superheat of the corresponding evaporator channel based on the multiple evaporator channel superheat control coefficients to cool the battery module.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the program to implement the battery thermal management method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, The program is executed by the processor to implement the battery thermal management method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, is used to implement the battery thermal management method according to any one of claims 1-6.

Images