A method for cultivating and managing ridge-forming, densely planted, and mowed cassava for feeding

Abstract

The invention discloses a ridge-forming, dense-planting, and mowing cultivation management method for cassava for feeding, with reasonable dense planting; the seedling planting areas are divided into Hainan area planting and Guangxi area planting, the planting time in Hainan area is February-March, and the planting time in Guangxi area is March-April; a plurality of ridge pits are dug on the ground before the planting process, a ridge surface is arranged around the ridge pits, four rows of cassava are planted in each ridge pit, and a plurality of cassava are planted in each row; the ridge surface of the ridge forming is 60-120 cm, and the ridge ditch is 30-50 cm; the planting mode ensures high-density planting, reduces soil and water loss, and agricultural production operations are easy to operate after ridge forming; three trees on the outer side and the inner side are mowed, mechanical equipment is easy to operate, and weeds grow less; at the same time, the high-density planting makes the space resources of cassava short in the early stage, delays the fiberization process of cassava plants, increases the proportion of tender stems and tender leaves, and provides conditions for cassava feed; the planting mode can ensure the supply of feed while ensuring the yield of cassava.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cassava cultivation, in particular to a method for cultivating and managing ridge-forming, dense-planting and mowing cassava for feeding. Background Art

[0002] Cassava is one of the three major tuber crops in the world. Its tuber starch content is high, and its cultivation is extensive. It does not require high soil fertility and is an important food crop in the world. In my country, cassava is mainly distributed in southern regions such as Guangxi, Guangdong and Hainan, and cassava does not require high soil conditions. Although cassava is rough and easy to grow, it is necessary to adopt scientific cultivation and management techniques to obtain a higher level of yield. Therefore, the present invention proposes a cassava cultivation method for feeding. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating cassava for feeding.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for cultivating and managing ridge-forming, densely planted, and mowed cassava for feeding,

[0005] S1: Reasonable close planting; the rice seedling planting areas are divided into Hainan and Guangxi. The planting time in Hainan is February-March, and the planting time in Guangxi is March-April. Before the planting process, multiple ridges are dug on the ground, and there are ridges around the ridges. Four rows of cassava are planted in each ridge, and multiple cassavas are planted in each row. The ridge surface is 60-120cm, the ridge furrow is 30-50cm, and the cassava stem is 8-15cm. Different ridge sizes are selected according to different varieties. Large ridges are recommended for large plant varieties, and small ridges are recommended for small plant varieties. During planting, the cassava distribution distance is 15-30cm for row spacing and 20-30cm for plant spacing. There are 4 rows on the ridge, with two rows of buds facing forward and two rows of buds facing backward;

[0006] S2: Fertilization and management; the time and method of fertilization should be determined based on the cassava growth cycle, the climate characteristics of the planting area, soil fertility and other factors. Cassava absorbs more potassium fertilizer and less nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers during the entire growth cycle, but the potassium content is lowest during the germination period, so potassium fertilizer should be applied during the germination period, and the phosphorus content decreases as the plant grows;

[0007] S3: Check the seedlings; 3 to 5 weeks after planting cassava, pay attention to its emergence rate, check for missing seedlings in time, and supplement the seedlings when they are about 10 cm tall. After the seedlings emerge from the soil, multiple seedlings may grow from the same stem. Generally, thinning is carried out when the plant is about 20 cm tall. When thinning, choose to remove the weaker side seedlings and keep 1 to 2 seedlings with better growth;

[0008] S4: mowing method; in each ridge pit, the cassava seed stems around the ridge pit are first cut. When the cutting of the surrounding cassava seed stems is completed, there are two rows of cassava seed stems left in the center of the ridge pit. The first vertical row, the fourth vertical row, the seventh vertical row, etc. in the middle are left, and the second vertical row, the third vertical row, the fifth vertical row, the sixth vertical row, etc. are cut off. After that, the spacing between the first vertical row and the fourth vertical row is 80 cm. The cassava seed stems are cut once in May and June every year. In December, the cassava tubers are formed. If the conditions are good in September and October, they are cut again. The good conditions refer to sufficient rain. Generally, no cutting is performed. The cut cassava seed stems can be used as feed for poultry;

[0009] S5: Fertilizer and water management; Cassava has the highest requirements for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, followed by calcium and magnesium; the principle is to apply sufficient basal fertilizer, reasonable topdressing and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in combination. The best application ratio of the three elements is nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium = 5:1:8. Nitrogen is the main component of cell protoplasm and has a great influence on the size and life of cassava leaves. It can promote the growth of cassava stems and leaves, ensure sufficient photosynthesis, and is conducive to high yield;

[0010] S6: Cassava harvesting; when the cassava leaves turn slightly yellow, the old leaves at the base fall off, the tuber skin becomes thick and rough and can be easily removed by rubbing the tubers vigorously, and the tuber starch content reaches the highest level, it is the right time to harvest. For seed preservation, the seed stems must be cut and buried before the arrival of frost. There are three methods for cassava harvesting: manual harvesting, tuber digger harvesting and mechanized harvesting. Appropriate methods can be selected according to local conditions.

[0011] Preferably, the cassava likes high temperature and is not frost-resistant, and the minimum temperature for germination is Spend, The optimum air temperature is The optimum temperature for root expansion is The highest photosynthetic efficiency is 40 degrees and the lowest is 14 degrees. There are more than 8 months of frost-free period in a year. It can be planted in areas with an annual average temperature above 18 degrees. Therefore, seeds can be planted when the average temperature is stable at above 14 degrees.

[0012] Preferably, the seedling-strengthening fertilizer is applied within 30 to 40 days after planting, and the type of fertilizer applied is mainly nitrogen fertilizer; the tuber-forming fertilizer is applied within 60 to 90 days after planting, and the type of fertilizer applied is mainly potassium fertilizer, and an appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer is applied to facilitate tuber formation and ensure the number of tubers per plant; the tuber-strengthening fertilizer is applied within 90 to 120 days after planting to facilitate tuber enlargement and starch accumulation. Water conservation and water replenishment are the key to seedling emergence and uniform seedlings. The main water conservation measures include mulching, straw covering, and weed covering. The main water replenishment measures include furrow irrigation or watering; water conservation is usually achieved by mulching, which can plant cassava earlier, promote early growth and rapid development, and is beneficial to cassava growth.

[0013] Preferably, the seed stems are chopped with a sharp knife before planting, and are chopped obliquely between two stem nodes to make the periphery of the incision longer to increase the number of roots and tubers. When chopping the seeds, damage and cracking of the stems should be prevented, and the seed stems chopped on the same day should be planted on the same day to avoid excessive water shortage that affects fragrance.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The planting mode of the present invention ensures high-density planting, reduces soil erosion, and is easy to operate agricultural production operations after ridging. Three trees on the outer side and the inner side are mowed, and mechanical equipment is easy to operate, and weeds grow less. At the same time, high-density planting makes the space resources of cassava short in the early stage, delays the fiberization process of cassava plants, increases the proportion of tender stems and tender leaves, and provides conditions for cassava feed. This planting mode can ensure the supply of feed while ensuring the yield of cassava. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the cassava cultivation method of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the cutting of cassava planting according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] See also Figure 1-2 The present invention provides a technical solution: a method for cultivating and managing ridge-forming, densely planted, mowed and grown cassava for feeding,

[0019] S1: Reasonable close planting; the rice seedling planting areas are divided into Hainan and Guangxi. The planting time in Hainan is February-March, and the planting time in Guangxi is March-April. Before the planting process, multiple ridges are dug on the ground, and there are ridges around the ridges. Four rows of cassava are planted in each ridge, and multiple cassavas are planted in each row. The ridge surface is 60-120cm, the ridge furrow is 30-50cm, and the cassava stem is 8-15cm. Different ridge sizes are selected according to different varieties. Large ridges are recommended for large plant varieties, and small ridges are recommended for small plant varieties. During planting, the cassava distribution distance is 15-30cm for row spacing and 20-30cm for plant spacing. There are 4 rows on the ridge, with two rows of buds facing forward and two rows of buds facing backward;

[0020] S2: Fertilization and management; the time and method of fertilization should be determined based on the cassava growth cycle, the climate characteristics of the planting area, soil fertility and other factors. Cassava absorbs more potassium fertilizer and less nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers during the entire growth cycle, but the potassium content is lowest during the germination period, so potassium fertilizer should be applied during the germination period, and the phosphorus content decreases as the plant grows;

[0021] S3: Check the seedlings; 3 to 5 weeks after planting cassava, pay attention to its emergence rate, check for missing seedlings in time, and supplement the seedlings when they are about 10 cm tall. After the seedlings emerge from the soil, multiple seedlings may grow from the same stem. Generally, thinning is carried out when the plant is about 20 cm tall. When thinning, choose to remove the weaker side seedlings and keep 1 to 2 seedlings with better growth;

[0022] S4: mowing method; in each ridge pit, the cassava seed stems around the ridge pit are first cut. When the cutting of the surrounding cassava seed stems is completed, there are two rows of cassava seed stems left in the center of the ridge pit. The first vertical row, the fourth vertical row, the seventh vertical row, etc. in the middle are left, and the second vertical row, the third vertical row, the fifth vertical row, the sixth vertical row, etc. are cut off. After that, the spacing between the first vertical row and the fourth vertical row is 80 cm. The cassava seed stems are cut once in May and June every year. In December, the cassava tubers are formed. If the conditions are good in September and October, they are cut again. The good conditions refer to sufficient rain. Generally, no cutting is performed. The cut cassava seed stems can be used as feed for poultry;

[0023] S5: Fertilizer and water management; Cassava has the highest requirements for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, followed by calcium and magnesium; the principle is to apply sufficient basal fertilizer, reasonable topdressing and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in combination. The best application ratio of the three elements is nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium = 5:1:8. Nitrogen is the main component of cell protoplasm and has a great influence on the size and life of cassava leaves. It can promote the growth of cassava stems and leaves, ensure sufficient photosynthesis, and is conducive to high yield;

[0024] S6: Cassava harvesting; when the cassava leaves turn slightly yellow, the old leaves at the base fall off, the tuber skin becomes thick and rough and can be easily removed by rubbing the tubers vigorously, and the tuber starch content reaches the highest level, it is the right time to harvest. For seed preservation, the seed stems must be cut and buried before the arrival of frost. There are three methods for cassava harvesting: manual harvesting, tuber digger harvesting and mechanized harvesting. Appropriate methods can be selected according to local conditions.

[0025] Cassava likes high temperature and cannot tolerate frost. The minimum temperature for it to become fragrant is Spend, The optimum air temperature is The optimum temperature for root expansion is The highest photosynthetic efficiency is 40 degrees and the lowest is 14 degrees. There are more than 8 months of frost-free period in a year. It can be planted in areas with an annual average temperature of more than 18 degrees. Therefore, when the average temperature is stable at more than 14 degrees, the seeds can be planted. The seedling fertilizer is applied within 30 to 40 days after planting, and the fertilizer type is mainly nitrogen fertilizer; the potato fertilizer is applied within 60 to 90 days after planting, and the fertilizer type is mainly potassium fertilizer, and an appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer is applied to facilitate tuber formation and ensure the number of potatoes per plant; the potato fertilizer is applied within 90 to 120 days after planting to facilitate tuber expansion. Yamato starch accumulation, water conservation and water replenishment are the key to germination and uniform seedlings. The main water conservation measures are mulching, straw covering and weed covering. The main water replenishment measures are furrow irrigation or pouring. Water conservation is usually achieved by mulching. Cassava can be planted earlier to promote early growth and rapid development, which is beneficial to the growth of cassava. The seed stems should be chopped with a sharp knife before planting, and cut obliquely between two stem nodes to make the periphery of the incision longer to increase the number of roots and tubers. When chopping, damage and cracking of the stems should be prevented. The seed stems cut on the same day should be planted on the same day to avoid excessive water shortage affecting fragrance.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating and managing cassava for feeding by ridge formation, dense planting, mowing, and the like, characterized in that: S1: Reasonable close planting; the rice seedling planting areas are divided into Hainan and Guangxi. The planting time in Hainan is February-March, and the planting time in Guangxi is March-April. Before the planting process, multiple ridges are dug on the ground, and there are ridges around the ridges. Four rows of cassava are planted in each ridge, and multiple cassavas are planted in each row. The ridge surface is 60-120cm, the ridge furrow is 30-50cm, and the cassava stem is 8-15cm. Different ridge sizes are selected according to different varieties. Large ridges are recommended for large plant varieties, and small ridges are recommended for small plant varieties. During planting, the cassava distribution distance is 15-30cm for row spacing and 20-30cm for plant spacing. There are 4 rows on the ridge, with two rows of buds facing forward and two rows of buds facing backward; S2: Fertilization and management; the time and method of fertilization should be determined comprehensively based on the cassava growth cycle, the climate characteristics of the planting area, and the soil fertility factors. Cassava absorbs more potassium fertilizer and less nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers during the entire growth cycle, but the potassium content is lowest during the germination period, so potassium fertilizer needs to be applied during the germination period, and the phosphorus content decreases as the plant grows; S3: Check the seedlings; 3 to 5 weeks after planting cassava, pay attention to its emergence rate, check for missing seedlings in time, and supplement the seedlings when they are about 10 cm tall. After the seedlings emerge from the soil, multiple seedlings may grow from the same stem. Generally, thinning is carried out when the plant is about 20 cm tall. When thinning, choose to remove the weaker side seedlings and keep 1 to 2 seedlings with better growth; S4: mowing method; in each ridge pit, the cassava seed stems around the ridge pit are first cut. When the cutting of the surrounding cassava seed stems is completed, there are two rows of cassava seed stems left in the center of the ridge pit. The first vertical row, the fourth vertical row, and the seventh vertical row are left, and the second vertical row, the third vertical row, the fifth vertical row, and the sixth vertical row are cut. After that, the spacing between the first vertical row and the fourth vertical row is 80 cm. The cassava seed stems are cut once in May and June every year. In December, the cassava tubers are formed. If the conditions are good in September and October, they are cut again. Good conditions refer to sufficient rain. Generally, no cutting is performed. The cut cassava seed stems can be used as feed for poultry; S5: Fertilizer and water management; Cassava has the highest requirements for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, followed by calcium and magnesium; the principle is to apply sufficient basal fertilizer, reasonable topdressing and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in combination. The application ratio of the three elements is nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium = 5:1:

8. Nitrogen is the main component of cell protoplasm and has a great influence on the size and life of cassava leaves. It can promote the growth of cassava stems and leaves, ensure sufficient photosynthesis, and is conducive to high yield; S6: Cassava harvesting; when the cassava leaves turn slightly yellow, the old leaves at the base fall off, the tuber skin becomes thick and rough and can be easily removed by rubbing the tuber vigorously, and the tuber starch content reaches the highest level, it is the right time to harvest. For seed preservation, the seed stems should be cut and buried before the arrival of frost. There are two methods for cassava harvesting: manual harvesting and mechanized harvesting. Appropriate methods can be selected according to local conditions.

2. A method for cultivating and managing cassava for feeding by ridge formation, dense planting, mowing and cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Seedling-strengthening fertilizer is applied within 30 to 40 days after planting, with nitrogen fertilizer as the main type of fertilizer; tuber-forming fertilizer is applied within 60 to 90 days after planting, with potassium fertilizer as the main type of fertilizer, and an appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer is applied to facilitate tuber formation and ensure the number of tubers per plant; tuber-strengthening fertilizer is applied within 90 to 120 days after planting to facilitate tuber enlargement and starch accumulation. Water conservation and water replenishment are the key to seedling emergence and uniform seedlings. Water conservation measures include mulching, straw covering, and weed covering. Water replenishment measures include furrow irrigation or pouring.

3. A method for cultivating and managing cassava for feeding by ridging, dense planting and mowing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed stems should be chopped with a sharp knife before planting, cutting obliquely between two stem nodes to make the perimeter of the incision longer to increase the number of roots and tubers. When chopping, damage and cracking of the stems should be prevented. The seed stems that are chopped on the same day should be planted on the same day to avoid excessive water shortage that affects fragrance.

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