A kind of Lingnan lime sculpture material, its preparation method, lime sculpture products and production process

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical fields of architectural decoration and cultural relic protection, and particularly relates to a Lingnan lime plaster material, a preparation method thereof, a lime plaster product and a production process. The lime plaster material includes at least one of grass root ash, paper pulp ash, pounded ash, or colored ash. By adding dry straw, jade button paper, etc. to the lime plaster material and improving the preparation process, the present invention significantly improves the crack resistance and toughness of the lime plaster, thereby extending its service life; the improved lime plaster material reduces the construction difficulty of the plastering process, and further combines with 3D printing to produce the lime plaster skeleton, which can greatly improve the construction efficiency, increase the finished product rate, and is beneficial to the inheritance and development of the lime plaster process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of architectural decoration and cultural relic protection, and particularly to a Lingnan lime sculpture material, a preparation method thereof, a lime sculpture product and a production process. Background Art

[0002] Lime sculpture is a traditional architectural decoration originating from the Lingnan region, carrying profound historical and cultural heritage. However, during long-term use, traditional lime sculpture materials and techniques have shown some problems, which not only affect the durability and aesthetics of lime sculptures, but also pose obstacles to the inheritance and development of lime sculptures.

[0003] In terms of material durability, traditional lime sculptures mainly consist of lime and paper pulp. After their surfaces are exposed to the natural environment for a long time, phenomena such as fading and peeling are likely to occur, seriously affecting the preservation period and ornamental value of lime sculptures.

[0004] In terms of the inheritance and development of techniques, the techniques of traditional lime sculpture products are complex and delicate, and have high requirements for construction skills, seriously affecting the inheritance and development of lime sculpture techniques. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the problems existing in traditional Lingnan lime sculptures in terms of materials and product production techniques, the traditional Lingnan lime sculpture materials are improved, and on this basis, the production techniques of lime sculpture products are also improved, effectively enhancing the durability of lime sculptures and promoting the inheritance and development of lime sculpture techniques.

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention provides a preparation method of a Lingnan lime sculpture material, and the lime sculpture material includes at least one of grass root ash, paper pulp ash, pounded ash, or colored ash.

[0007] The preparation method of the grass root ash includes the steps of: first, mixing 10 - 30 parts by weight of quicklime and 3 - 10 parts by weight of rice straw evenly, then adding 0.3 - 2 parts by weight of hemp fiber and stirring well, then sealing the mixture for soaking and fermentation for 3 - 5 days, turning it over every 8 hours during fermentation, after fermentation is completed, drying the mixture, and then grinding or crushing to obtain the grass root ash.

[0008] The preparation method of the paper pulp ash includes the steps of: first, mixing 40 - 60 parts by weight of lime paste, 5 - 15 parts by weight of water, 3 - 10 parts by weight of glutinous rice slurry, and 0.5 - 2 parts by weight of yukou paper evenly, then sealing the mixture for soaking and fermentation for 2 - 4 days, turning it over every 8 hours, after fermentation is completed, drying the mixture, and then grinding or crushing to obtain the grass root ash.

[0009] The preparation method of the pounded ash includes the steps of: uniformly mixing 30-50 parts by weight of the straw fiber ash prepared by the above preparation method, 20-30 parts by weight of the paper fiber ash prepared by the above preparation method, 1-3 parts by weight of quicklime, 1-3 parts by weight of brown sugar, 0.5-2 parts by weight of glutinous rice flour, and 0.5-2 parts by weight of lime oil, and then using a pounding rod to repeatedly pound the mixture for 30-60 minutes until the mixture becomes smooth and sticky;

[0010] The preparation method of the colored ash includes the steps of: mixing and stirring the pounded ash prepared by the above preparation method and the pigment for 10-20 minutes, and then standing for 12-24 hours.

[0011] Preferably, the temperature for the sealed fermentation of the straw fiber ash or the paper fiber ash is 20-30 °C, and the humidity is 60-80%.

[0012] Preferably, in the straw fiber ash, the quicklime is high-grade or above calcareous quicklime, the content of CaO in the calcareous quicklime is more than 85% (by weight), and the fineness is more than 60 mesh. The higher content of calcium oxide (CaO) in the high-grade calcareous quicklime contains more effective components, which can provide stronger bonding force and better use effect.

[0013] Preferably, in the rice slurry of the paper fiber ash, by weight ratio, water: glutinous rice flour = 1:2-1:3, and the bonding performance is better.

[0014] Preferably, in the lime paste of the paper fiber ash, the mass ratio of calcium oxide to water is between 1:3 and 1:4.

[0015] Preferably, the lime oil in the pounded ash, also called "tung oil lime", is prepared by mixing and stirring quicklime and tung oil in a mass ratio of 3:1.

[0016] Preparation process: Filter the quicklime (Ca(OH)2) with a fine sieve to remove impurities and unburned limestone particles therein. The tung oil also needs to be filtered with a gauze to remove possible impurities and precipitates. Then, mix and stir the filtered quicklime and tung oil in a mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain it.

[0017] The quicklime in the pounded ash is high-grade or above calcareous quicklime, the content of CaO in the calcareous quicklime is more than 85%, and the fineness is more than 60 mesh.

[0018] In the second aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a Lingnan ash sculpture material prepared by the above preparation method.

[0019] In the third aspect of the present invention, there is also provided an ash sculpture product prepared from the above ash sculpture material.

[0020] In the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a manufacturing process of the ash sculpture product, including the following steps:

[0021] Conceptual design of patterns: According to the architectural space and decoration requirements, considering the theme, layout, color combination, and cultural implications of the patterns, conceive and design suitable lime sculpture patterns.

[0022] Measurement and design: Based on the design pattern, accurately measure the architectural parts, and make appropriate adjustments and optimizations to the design pattern according to the measurement results. Ensure that the lime sculpture can fit the installation position.

[0023] Sketching: According to the design pattern and measurement results, sketch the lime sculpture on the architectural parts. Provide guidance for the subsequent framework construction and lime coating work.

[0024] Fabricating the shaped framework: According to the traditional process and the sketch, drive steel nails into the corresponding architectural parts, and use copper wire to accurately and firmly fabricate the shaped framework according to the sketch.

[0025] Lime coating: Layer by layer, wrap the pounded lime around the shaped framework, with each layer having a thickness not exceeding 3 cm and a time interval of not less than 24 h until the initial embryo of the lime sculpture is completed.

[0026] Coloring: After the initial embryo of the lime sculpture stabilizes, color it using the colored lime according to the design pattern, and wait 4 h after each layer of color is applied.

[0027] Outlining the lines: After coloring is completed, use the colored lime to outline the contour and detailed lines of the lime sculpture.

[0028] Sealing and maintenance: Provide waterproof and sun protection within 5 days after the completion of the lime sculpture.

[0029] By optimizing the materials, it is possible to directly use the pounded lime to make the initial embryo without first applying straw-reinforced lime as a base and then pressing paper-reinforced lime on the surface.

[0030] Furthermore, it is also possible to use 3D printing to fabricate the shaped framework. Then, the manufacturing process of the corresponding lime sculpture products includes the following steps:

[0031] Measurement and modeling: According to the design pattern, accurately measure the architectural parts, make appropriate adjustments and optimizations to the design pattern according to the measurement results, and then use 3DSMAX technology to perform three-dimensional modeling on the lime sculpture shaped framework. Preferably, use ABAQUS finite element analysis software to perform mechanical analysis on the three-dimensional model of the shaped framework to ensure that it has sufficient load-bearing capacity and stability after printing.

[0032] Printing the shaped framework: Import the three-dimensional model of the lime sculpture shaped framework into a 3D printer, select aluminum alloy material for layer-by-layer stacking printing to fabricate the shaped framework.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the aluminum alloy material contains the following metal elements in weight percentages: 90% aluminum, 5% magnesium, 3% silicon, 1% copper, and 1% zinc. This aluminum alloy material has good light weight and welding properties, with a density of approximately 2.7 g / cm 3 , much lower than that of traditional steel, which is convenient for installation and fixation.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the printing speed is adjusted to a stacking height of no more than 5 mm per minute to ensure that the aluminum alloy material can be smoothly stacked and reduce thermal stress; the printing temperature is controlled between 400 - 450 °C to ensure that the aluminum alloy material maintains good fluidity and bonding strength during printing; the layer thickness is set to 0.2 mm to improve printing accuracy and reduce printing time; the filling density is optimized to 90% to ensure that the printed skeleton has sufficient strength and stability. After optimizing the printing process, the tensile strength of the shaped skeleton reaches 360 MPa, the yield strength reaches 280 MPa, and the elongation rate reaches 9%, enabling it to withstand various forces and deformations during the production of lime sculptures.

[0035] Install the shaped skeleton: Fix the printed shaped skeleton to the building.

[0036] Preferably, angle steel can be implanted at the corresponding building parts and bolt - connected to the shaped skeleton for fixation.

[0037] Preferably, a support structure can be implanted at the corresponding building parts. This support structure penetrates into the interior of the shaped skeleton and is welded to the shaped skeleton to better support the shaped skeleton.

[0038] Wrap with lime: Layer by layer, wrap the pounded lime around the shaped skeleton, with each layer no more than 3 cm thick and a time interval of no less than 24 h until the initial lime - sculpture embryo is completed.

[0039] Color: After the initial lime - sculpture embryo stabilizes, color it according to the designed pattern using the colored lime. Wait 4 h after applying each layer of color.

[0040] Outline the lines: After coloring, use the colored lime to outline the contours and detailed lines of the lime sculpture.

[0041] Seal and maintain: Protect from water and sunlight within 5 days after the lime sculpture is completed.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] The present invention improves the preparation process by adding dry rice straw and Yuku paper to the lime plaster material, significantly enhancing the crack resistance and toughness of the lime plaster, thereby extending its service life; the improved lime plaster material reduces the construction difficulty of the plastering process, and further combines with 3D printing to produce the lime plaster skeleton, which can greatly improve the construction efficiency and the finished product rate, and is conducive to the inheritance and development of the lime plaster process. The present invention overall improves the durability, aesthetics and construction simplicity of the lime plaster. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart for manufacturing the lime plaster product of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 It is a process flow chart for manufacturing the lime plaster product of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 It is one of the views of the connection structure of the shaping skeleton of the lime plaster product of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 It is another view of the connection structure of the shaping skeleton of the lime plaster product of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 It is yet another view of the connection structure of the shaping skeleton of the lime plaster product of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 It is the fourth view of the connection structure of the shaping skeleton of the lime plaster product of the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0050] In view of the fact that traditional lime plaster, with lime and paper pulp as the main components, is prone to phenomena such as fading and peeling after being exposed to the natural environment for a long time, the present invention provides a Lingnan lime plaster material, and the lime plaster material includes at least one of grass root ash, paper pulp ash, pounded ash, or colored ash.

[0051] Among them, the grass fiber ash is prepared by mixing quicklime, dry rice straw, and hemp fiber in a weight ratio of 10 - 30:3 - 10:0.3 - 2.

[0052] The preparation method of the grass fiber ash includes the steps: First, mix the quicklime and rice straw evenly, then add the hemp fiber and stir well. Then, seal and soak the mixture for fermentation, and the fermentation time is 3 - 5 days to ensure that the lime and rice straw fully absorb water and soften. During this period, the mixture should be turned over every 8 hours to promote uniform fermentation and prevent local overheating. After fermentation is completed, dry the mixture, and the drying time is about 2 - 3 days until it is completely dry. Finally, obtain the fine grass fiber ash by grinding or pulverizing.

[0053] Straw paper pulp ash (straw pulp ash) is prepared by a traditional process, which is made by soaking quicklime, straw pulp and water in a certain proportion. In the embodiment of the present invention, by introducing fiber components such as rice straw and silk hemp therein and combining with a fermentation process, the toughness and crack resistance of the material are improved.

[0054] Preferably, the temperature for sealed fermentation of the straw pulp ash or paper pulp ash is 20-30°C, and the humidity is 60-80%.

[0055] Preferably, in the straw pulp ash, the quicklime is high-grade or above calcareous quicklime, the content of CaO in the calcareous quicklime is above 85%, and the fineness is above 60 mesh.

[0056] The paper pulp ash is selected from diluted ash paste, water, glutinous rice slurry, and jade buckle paper, and is prepared according to the ratio of 40-60:5-15:3-10:0.5-2.

[0057] The preparation method of the paper pulp ash includes the steps: first, mix lime paste, water, glutinous rice slurry, and jade buckle paper evenly, then seal and soak for fermentation. The fermentation time is 2-4 days to ensure that the raw materials fully absorb water and soften. During this period, the mixture should be turned over every 8 hours to promote uniform fermentation and prevent local overheating. After fermentation is completed, dry the mixture. The drying time is about 1-2 days until it is completely dry. Finally, obtain delicate paper pulp ash by grinding or pulverizing.

[0058] Traditional process paper pulp ash is made by first adding water to natural quicklime to make lime milk, then adding straw pulp in a certain proportion to process into a paste, and then flowing into a storage ash pond to cool and solidify. In the embodiment of the present invention, by adding jade buckle paper, combining components such as glutinous rice flour and water in the paper pulp ash, and fully fermenting and mixing, the material has good crack resistance.

[0059] Preferably, the temperature for sealed fermentation of the straw pulp ash or paper pulp ash is 20-30°C, and the humidity is 60-80%.

[0060] Preferably, the glutinous rice slurry in the paper pulp ash is prepared from water and glutinous rice flour according to a weight ratio of 1:2 to 1:3.

[0061] Preferably, the mass ratio of calcium oxide to water in the lime paste in the paper pulp ash is between 1:3 and 1:4.

[0062] For pounding ash, select the prepared straw pulp ash and paper pulp ash, quicklime, brown sugar, glutinous rice flour, and lime oil, and prepare according to a weight ratio of 30-50:20-30:1-3:1-3:0.5-2:0.5-2.

[0063] The preparation method of the pounded ash includes the steps of: uniformly stirring straw tendon ash, paper tendon ash, 1-3 parts by weight of quicklime, brown sugar, glutinous rice flour, and lime oil, and then using a pounding rod to repeatedly pound the mixture for 30-60 minutes until the mixture becomes smooth and sticky.

[0064] Preferably, the lime oil in the pounded ash is prepared by mixing tung oil and slaked lime in a ratio of 1:3; the quicklime is high-grade or above calcareous quicklime, and the content of CaO in the calcareous quicklime is above 90%, and the fineness is above 60 mesh.

[0065] In traditional techniques, the lime plaster materials are usually only grass root ash, paper tendon ash, and color ash. In the embodiments of the present invention, the grass tendon ash and paper tendon ash are mixed, and then repeatedly pounded with brown sugar, quicklime, glutinous rice flour, and lime oil, which can make the materials have better adhesion, and the toughness and crack resistance are improved. It can be directly used for covering the ash and making the blank of lime plaster products. After the blank is made, it can be directly colored without first applying a base layer of grass tendon ash, then shaping with paper tendon ash, and then laying color ash.

[0066] The color ash can be prepared by stirring the prepared pounded ash and pigments. Specifically,

[0067] The preparation method of the color ash includes the steps of: mixing and stirring the pounded ash prepared by the above preparation method and pigments for 10-20 minutes to ensure full fusion of the pounded ash and pigments. After completion of the mixing, the color ash needs to be left standing for 12-24 hours to ensure full penetration of the pigments.

[0068] Traditional color ash is made by mixing paper tendon ash and pigments. In the solution of the present invention, by mixing grass tendon ash and paper tendon ash, and then combining with brown sugar, quicklime, glutinous rice flour, and lime oil to form pounded ash, and then mixing with pigments to form color ash, the coloring fastness of the color ash can be improved, and it is crack-resistant, anti-aging, and prevents fading.

[0069] The above-mentioned Lingnan lime plaster materials can be used to make lime plaster products.

[0070] Preferably, due to the improved toughness and crack resistance of the materials, the ash covering and shaping can be directly carried out in one step. Specifically, the manufacturing process can include the following steps:

[0071] Conceive and design the pattern: According to the architectural space and decoration requirements, combined with the theme, layout, color matching, and cultural meaning of the pattern, conceive and design a suitable lime plaster pattern.

[0072] Measurement and design: According to the designed pattern, accurately measure the building part, and make appropriate adjustments and optimizations to the designed pattern according to the measurement results. Ensure that the lime plaster can fit the installation position.

[0073] Sketch the draft: According to the designed pattern and measurement results, sketch the lime plaster draft on the building part. Provide guidance for the subsequent framework building and ash covering work.

[0074] Making the shaping framework: According to the traditional process and the sketch, drive steel nails into the corresponding building parts, and use copper wire to accurately and firmly make the shaping framework according to the sketch.

[0075] Applying lime: The pounded lime can be directly applied layer by layer on the shaping framework until the initial lime sculpture blank is completed; or the traditional production process can be adopted. First, wrap the grass root lime layer by layer on the shaping framework to form a prototype, complete the plastering of the grass fiber lime at the bottom, and then apply the paper pulp lime.

[0076] Coloring: After the initial lime sculpture blank is stable, perform coloring treatment according to the design pattern and the color configuration scheme. During the coloring process, follow the gradient principle. Wait for 4h after each layer of color is painted to make the colors of the lime sculpture rich and natural.

[0077] Outlining the lines: After coloring is completed, use tools such as a carving knife and a line drawing pen to outline the contours and details of the lime sculpture to enhance the three-dimensional sense and layering of the lime sculpture.

[0078] Sealing and maintenance: The lime sculpture cannot be wetted within 5 days after completion, and it should also be protected from direct sunlight.

[0079] Preferably, the framework can also be made by 3D printing technology and then fixedly connected to the corresponding building parts. The corresponding production process of the lime sculpture product specifically includes the following steps:

[0080] Measuring and modeling: According to the design pattern, accurately measure the building part, appropriately adjust and optimize the design pattern according to the measurement results, and then use 3DSMAX technology to perform three-dimensional modeling on the shaping framework of the lime sculpture;

[0081] Printing the shaping framework: Import the three-dimensional model of the shaping framework of the lime sculpture into a 3D printer, select aluminum alloy material for layer-by-layer stacking printing to make the shaping framework;

[0082] Installing the shaping framework: Fix the printed shaping framework to the building;

[0083] Applying lime: Wrap the pounded lime layer by layer on the shaping framework, with the thickness of each layer not exceeding 3cm and the time interval not less than 24h until the initial lime sculpture blank is completed;

[0084] Coloring: After the initial lime sculpture blank is stable, use the said colored lime for coloring according to the design pattern, and wait for 4h after each layer of color is painted;

[0085] Outlining the lines: After coloring is completed, use the said colored lime to outline the contours and detail lines of the lime sculpture;

[0086] Sealing and maintenance: Waterproof and sun-proof within 5 days after the lime sculpture is completed.

[0087] The following is further illustrated with specific embodiments:

[0088] Embodiment 1

[0089] A kind of Lingnan lime sculpture material, the lime sculpture material includes grass root ash, paper pulp ash, pounded ash and color ash.

[0090] The grass root ash is selected from quicklime, dry rice straws, and hemp threads, and is prepared according to a weight ratio of 20:5:1.

[0091] The preparation method of the grass root ash includes the steps: First, mix the quicklime and rice straws evenly, then add the hemp threads and stir well. Then, seal the mixture and soak it for fermentation. The fermentation time is 4 days to ensure that the lime and rice straws fully absorb water and soften. During this period, the mixture should be turned over every 8 hours to promote uniform fermentation and prevent local overheating. After fermentation is completed, dry the mixture. The drying time is about 3 days until it is completely dry. Finally, obtain fine grass root ash through grinding or crushing.

[0092] Among them, the temperature of the sealed fermentation is controlled at 20 - 30 °C, and the humidity is 60 - 80%. The quicklime is premium calcium quicklime, and the content of CaO in the calcium quicklime is about 90%, and the fineness is 60 mesh - 80 mesh.

[0093] The paper pulp ash is selected from lime paste, water, glutinous rice slurry, and jade button paper, and is prepared according to a ratio of 50:10:5:1.

[0094] The preparation method of the paper pulp ash includes the steps: First, mix the lime paste, water, glutinous rice slurry, and jade button paper evenly, then seal and soak it for fermentation. The fermentation time is 3 days to ensure that the raw materials fully absorb water and soften. During this period, the mixture should be turned over every 8 hours to promote uniform fermentation and prevent local overheating. After fermentation is completed, dry the mixture. The drying time is about 2 days until it is completely dry. Finally, obtain fine paper pulp ash through grinding or crushing.

[0095] Among them, the glutinous rice slurry is prepared from water and glutinous rice flour according to a weight ratio of 1:2.5, and the mass ratio of calcium oxide to water in the lime paste is about 1:3.5.

[0096] The pounded ash is selected from the prepared grass root ash, paper pulp ash, quicklime, brown sugar, glutinous rice flour, and lime oil, and is prepared according to a weight ratio of 40:25:2:2:1:1.

[0097] The preparation method of the pounded ash includes the steps: After stirring the grass root ash, paper pulp ash, quicklime, brown sugar, glutinous rice flour, and lime oil evenly, use a pounding rod to repeatedly pound the mixture for 50 minutes until the mixture becomes smooth and sticky.

[0098] Among them, lime oil is prepared by mixing cooked tung oil and lime in a ratio of 1:3; the quicklime is high-grade or above calcareous quicklime, the content of CaO in the calcareous quicklime is above 90%, and the fineness is above 60 mesh.

[0099] The colored ash can be obtained by stirring the prepared pounded ash and pigments. Specifically, the preparation method of the colored ash includes the steps of: mixing and stirring the pounded ash prepared by the above preparation method and various required pigments for 10-20 minutes to ensure full fusion of the pounded ash and the pigments. After completion of the mixing, the colored ash needs to be left standing for 12-24 hours to ensure full penetration of the pigments.

[0100] Example 2

[0101] A lime sculpture product, referring to Figure 1 , its production process may include the following steps:

[0102] S1-S4 Prepare lime sculpture materials. Specifically, the grass root ash, paper pulp ash, pounded ash, and colored ash can be prepared according to the method of Example 1 as needed.

[0103] S5 Conceive and design the pattern: According to the architectural space and decoration requirements, combined with the theme, layout, color matching, and cultural meaning of the pattern, conceive and design a suitable lime sculpture pattern.

[0104] S6 Measurement and design: According to the designed pattern, accurately measure the building part, and make appropriate adjustments and optimizations to the designed pattern according to the measurement results. Ensure that the lime sculpture can fit the installation position.

[0105] S7 Sketch the draft: According to the designed pattern and measurement results, sketch the lime sculpture draft on the building part to provide guidance for the subsequent framework building and ash coating work.

[0106] S8 Build the shaped framework: According to the sketch, drive steel nails into the corresponding building part, and use copper wire to accurately and firmly build the shaped framework according to the sketch.

[0107] S9 Coat with ash: Gradually wrap the prepared pounded ash on the shaped framework, carefully control the thickness of each layer not exceeding 3 cm and the time interval not less than 24 hours, so that the ash material can be firmly wrapped until the initial lime sculpture embryo is completed.

[0108] S10 Color: After the initial lime sculpture embryo is stable, color it according to the designed pattern using the prepared colored ash. During the coloring process, the gradient principle needs to be followed, and wait for 4 hours after each layer of color is applied.

[0109] S11 Outline the lines: After coloring is completed, use tools such as a carving knife and a line drawing pen to outline the lime sculpture contour and details to enhance the three-dimensional sense and layering of the lime sculpture.

[0110] S12 Sealing and maintenance: The lime plaster should not be wetted within 5 days after completion. In case of rain, a protective cover should be applied on the surface of the lime plaster to prevent swelling. When the sunlight is strong, a shading cover should also be set up for the lime plaster to prevent cracks caused by ultraviolet radiation and intense sunlight. The selected cover material is generally colorless, transparent and matte.

[0111] Example 3

[0112] A lime plaster product, referring to Figure 2 , its manufacturing process may include the following steps:

[0113] S1 - S4 Prepare lime plaster materials. Specifically, the grass root ash, paper pulp ash, pounded ash, and colored ash can be prepared according to the method in Example 1 as needed.

[0114] S5 Conceive and design patterns: According to the architectural space and decoration requirements, combined with the theme, layout, color matching, and cultural implications of the patterns, conceive and design suitable lime plaster patterns.

[0115] S6 Measurement and modeling: According to the designed patterns, accurately measure the building parts, and make appropriate adjustments and optimizations to the designed patterns based on the measurement results to ensure that the lime plaster can fit the installation position. Use 3DSMAX technology to perform three - dimensional modeling on the lime plaster modeling skeleton.

[0116] Meanwhile, the ABAQUS finite element analysis software can be used to perform mechanical analysis on the three - dimensional model of the modeling skeleton to ensure that it has sufficient load - bearing capacity and stability after printing.

[0117] S7 Print the modeling skeleton: For the light - weight and high - strength requirements of the lime plaster, select low - density aluminum alloy material. The specific mass percentages of each metal element are: 90% aluminum, 5% magnesium, 3% silicon, 1% copper, and 1% zinc. This aluminum alloy material has good light - weight and welding properties, and its density is about 2.7 g / cm 3 , much lower than traditional steel, which is convenient for installation and fixation.

[0118] Import the three - dimensional model into a 3D printer, and use the above - mentioned low - density aluminum alloy material to stack and print layer by layer to make the modeling skeleton: The printing speed is adjusted so that the stacking height per minute does not exceed 5 mm to ensure that the aluminum alloy material can be stacked smoothly and reduce thermal stress; the printing temperature is controlled between 400 - 450 °C to ensure that the aluminum alloy material maintains good fluidity and bonding force during printing; the layer thickness is set to 0.2 mm to improve printing accuracy and reduce printing time; the filling density is optimized to 90% to ensure that the printed skeleton has sufficient strength and stability. After optimizing the printing process, the tensile strength of the modeling skeleton reaches 360 MPa, the yield strength reaches 280 MPa, and the elongation rate reaches 9%, which can withstand various forces and deformations during the lime plaster production process.

[0119] S8 Install the modeling framework: Transport the printed and processed modeling framework to the construction site and fix it to the corresponding building parts.

[0120] Specifically, referring to Figures 3-4 , the 3D printed lime plastic modeling framework 10 can be first transported to the construction site, and connecting angle steels 30 can be implanted at the corresponding building parts 40. The positions and quantities of the connecting angle steels 30 should be reasonably arranged according to the design drawings and the installation requirements of the 3D printed lime plastic modeling framework 10.

[0121] Correspondingly, connecting steel sheets 20 are welded onto the 3D printed lime plastic modeling framework 10. Then, align the bolt holes 21 of the connecting steel sheets with the bolt holes 31 of the connecting angle steels, and use bolts to connect and fix the 3D printed lime plastic modeling framework 10 to the implanted connecting angle steels 30, and ensure that its verticality, levelness, and stability meet the design requirements.

[0122] Furthermore, referring to Figures 5-6 , a support structure can also be implanted at the corresponding building parts. The support structure can penetrate into the interior of the modeling framework and be welded and fixed to the modeling framework to better support and fix the modeling framework.

[0123] For the installation of the support structure, steel reinforcement vertical rods 50 can be first implanted at the corresponding building parts 40. Then, weld the steel reinforcement cross bars 51 to the fixed steel reinforcement vertical rods 50. The steel reinforcement cross bars 51 should extend to both ends of the 3D printed lime plastic modeling framework 10 for welding and fixing with the 3D printed lime plastic modeling framework 10. Finally, weld the steel reinforcement diagonal bars 52 to the steel reinforcement vertical rods 50 to form several stable triangular structures, thereby building the entire support structure.

[0124] S9 Apply lime: Layer by layer, wrap the prepared pounded lime around the modeling framework, and precisely control the thickness of each layer not exceeding 3 cm and the time interval not less than 24 h so that the lime material can be firmly wrapped until the initial lime plastic embryo is completed.

[0125] S10 Color: After the initial lime plastic embryo is stable, color it with the prepared colored lime according to the design pattern. During the coloring process, the gradient principle should be followed, and wait for 4 h after each layer of color is applied.

[0126] S11 Outline the lines: After coloring is completed, use tools such as a carving knife and a line drawing pen to outline the lines of the lime plastic contour and details to enhance the three-dimensional sense and layering of the lime plastic.

[0127] S12 Seal and cure: The lime plastic cannot be wetted within 5 days after completion. In case of rain, a cover should be made on the surface of the lime plastic to prevent swelling; when the sun is strong, a shading cover should also be made for the lime plastic to prevent cracks caused by ultraviolet radiation and sun exposure. The selected cover material is generally a colorless transparent matte material.

[0128] Comparative Example 1

[0129] A lime plastic material includes at least one of grass root ash, paper pulp ash, pounded ash, and colored ash.

[0130] The grass fiber ash is prepared by mixing quicklime and hemp fiber in a weight ratio of 20:1.

[0131] The preparation method of grass fiber ash includes the steps: First, mix quicklime and rice straw evenly, then seal and soak the mixture for fermentation for 4 days to ensure that the lime and rice straw fully absorb water and soften. During this period, the mixture should be turned over every 8 hours to promote uniform fermentation and prevent local overheating. After fermentation is completed, dry the mixture for about 3 days until it is completely dry. Finally, obtain fine grass fiber ash by grinding or crushing.

[0132] Among them, the temperature of sealed fermentation is controlled at 20 - 30 °C, and the humidity is 60 - 80%. The quicklime is premium grade calcium quicklime, and the content of CaO in the calcium quicklime is about 90%, with a fineness of 60 - 80 mesh.

[0133] The paper pulp ash is prepared by mixing lime paste, water, and glutinous rice slurry in a ratio of 50:10:5. The preparation method of paper pulp ash includes the steps: First, mix lime paste, water, and glutinous rice slurry evenly, then seal and soak the mixture for fermentation for 3 days to ensure that the raw materials fully absorb water and soften. During this period, the mixture should be turned over every 8 hours to promote uniform fermentation and prevent local overheating. After fermentation is completed, dry the mixture for about 2 days until it is completely dry. Finally, obtain fine paper pulp ash by grinding or crushing.

[0134] Among them, the ratio of lime paste to glutinous rice slurry is the same as in Example 1.

[0135] The pounded ash is prepared by mixing the above-prepared grass fiber ash and paper pulp ash, quicklime, brown sugar, glutinous rice flour, and lime oil in a weight ratio of 40:25:2:2:1:1.

[0136] The preparation method of the pounded ash includes the steps: After stirring the grass fiber ash, paper pulp ash, quicklime, brown sugar, glutinous rice flour, and lime oil evenly, use a pounding rod to repeatedly pound the mixture for 50 minutes until the mixture becomes smooth and sticky.

[0137] The lime oil and quicklime are the same as in Example 1.

[0138] The colored ash can be obtained by stirring the prepared pounded ash and pigments. Specifically, the preparation method of the colored ash includes the steps: Mix the pounded ash prepared by the above preparation method and various required pigments and stir for 10 - 20 minutes to ensure that the pounded ash and pigments are fully integrated. After mixing is completed, the colored ash needs to be left standing for 12 - 24 hours to ensure that the pigments fully penetrate.

[0139] Comparative Example 2

[0140] A lime sculpture product is made using the lime sculpture material obtained in Comparative Example 1, and the manufacturing process is the same as that in Example 2.

[0141] Table 1 shows the comparison results of the performance test of the lime sculpture products prepared in Example 2 of the present invention and Comparative Example 2. It can be seen that the crack resistance and toughness of the lime sculpture products prepared from the lime sculpture material of the examples of the present invention have been significantly improved.

[0142] Table 1 Comparison of the performance of the lime sculpture products in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 of the present invention

[0143]

[0144] Comparative Example 3

[0145] A lime sculpture product is made using the lime sculpture material obtained in Comparative Example 1, and the manufacturing process is as follows:

[0146] Manufacture of lime sculpture material: The lime sculpture material is manufactured by the method of Comparative Example 1;

[0147] Conceive and design the pattern: According to the architectural space and decoration requirements, combined with the theme, layout, color matching and cultural meaning of the pattern, conceive and design a suitable lime sculpture pattern.

[0148] Measurement and design: According to the designed pattern, accurately measure the building part, and make appropriate adjustments and optimizations to the designed pattern according to the measurement results. Ensure that the lime sculpture can fit the installation position.

[0149] Sketch: According to the designed pattern and measurement results, sketch the lime sculpture on the building part. Provide guidance for the subsequent skeleton building and plastering work.

[0150] Build the shaped skeleton: According to the sketch, drive steel nails into the corresponding building part, and use copper wire to accurately and firmly build the shaped skeleton according to the sketch.

[0151] Plastering: Gradually wrap the prepared grass root ash on the shaped skeleton, carefully control the thickness of each layer not exceeding 3 cm and the time interval not less than 24 h so that the ash material can be firmly wrapped until the lime sculpture prototype is completed, complete the plastering of grass fiber ash. One day after the completion of the plastering of grass fiber ash, apply paper pulp ash, ensure that the paper pulp ash can be pressed tightly on the grass root ash, and pay attention that the thickness of each application does not exceed 2 cm during the application process.

[0152] Coloring: After the lime sculpture embryo is stable, color it using the colored ash prepared in Comparative Example 1 according to the designed pattern. During the coloring process, the gradient principle needs to be followed, and wait for 4 h after each layer of color is applied.

[0153] Outlining the lines: After the coloring is completed, tools such as a cutter and a pen for outlining are used to outline the contours and details of the lime sculpture to enhance the three-dimensional sense and layering of the lime sculpture.

[0154] Sealing and maintenance: The lime sculpture should not be wetted within 5 days after completion. In case of rain, a protective cover should be made on the surface of the lime sculpture to prevent swelling. When the sun is strong, a shading cover should also be set up for the lime sculpture to prevent cracks caused by ultraviolet radiation and sun exposure. The selected cover material is generally a colorless and transparent matte material.

[0155] Compare the product manufacturing process in Example 3 of the present invention with the product manufacturing process in Comparative Example 3. The construction effects are shown in Table 2. It can be seen that the manufacturing process of Example 3 of the present invention can greatly reduce the construction time and improve the finished product rate by combining 3D printing and the improvement of the lime coating process brought about by material improvement.

[0156] Table 2 shows the comparison of the construction effects of the lime sculpture manufacturing processes in Examples 2 - 3 and Comparative Example 3 of the present invention

[0157]

[0158] In summary, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly reflected in the innovations in lime sculpture materials and lime sculpture product manufacturing processes. By adding materials such as dry straw and jade buckle paper and improving the material manufacturing process, the crack resistance and toughness of the lime sculpture are significantly improved, thereby extending its service life. At the same time, the improved lime sculpture materials reduce the construction difficulty of the lime coating process, and further combined with 3D printing to make the lime sculpture skeleton, which can greatly improve the construction efficiency and the finished product rate, and is conducive to the inheritance and development of the lime sculpture process. In conclusion, the present invention improves the durability, aesthetics and construction simplicity of the lime sculpture as a whole.

[0159] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope described in this specification.

[0160] The above-described embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention. Their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A process for producing a gray plastic product, characterized in that: The ash plastic product is made of the following ash plastic materials, which are straw ash, paper ash, pounded ash and colored ash. The preparation method of the grass tendon ash comprises the following steps: firstly, 10-30 parts by weight of quicklime and 3-10 parts by weight of rice straw are uniformly mixed, then 0.3-2 parts by weight of hemp silk are added and fully stirred, then the mixture is sealed, soaked and fermented, the fermentation time is 3-5 days, the mixture should be turned over every 8 hours during the fermentation period, after the fermentation is completed, the mixture is dried, and then ground or crushed to obtain the grass tendon ash; The preparation method of the paper tendon ash comprises the following steps: firstly, 40-60 parts by weight of lime paste, 5-15 parts by weight of water, 3-10 parts by weight of glutinous rice paste, and 0.5-2 parts by weight of jade button paper are mixed and stirred evenly, and then sealed, soaked and fermented for 2-4 days, and the mixture is turned over every 8 hours. After the fermentation is completed, the mixture is dried, and then ground or crushed to obtain the paper tendon ash; The preparation method of pounded ash comprises the following steps: evenly mixing 30-50 parts by weight of grass tendon ash prepared by the preparation method, 20-30 parts by weight of paper tendon ash prepared by the preparation method, 1-3 parts by weight of quicklime, 1-3 parts by weight of brown sugar, 0.5-2 parts by weight of glutinous rice flour, and 0.5-2 parts by weight of lime oil, and repeatedly beating the mixture with a pestle for 30-60 minutes until the mixture becomes smooth and sticky; The method for preparing the colored ash comprises the steps of: mixing the pounded ash and the pigment for 10-20 minutes, and then standing for 12-24 hours; The manufacturing process of the gray plastic product comprises the following steps: Conceive and design patterns; measurement and design; sketch; Tie up the modeling frame; Wrapping the ash: Wrap the pounded ash layer by layer on the modeling frame, with each layer not exceeding 3 cm in thickness and with a time interval of not less than 24 hours, until the ash sculpture embryo is completed; Coloring: After the gray plastic embryo is stable, use the gray color to color it according to the design pattern. Wait 4 hours after each layer of color; Outlining lines: After coloring is completed, use the gray to outline the gray sculpture contours and detail lines; Sealing and maintenance: Waterproof and sun-proof within 5 days after the gray plastic is completed.

2. The process for producing a gray plastic product according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Conceive and design patterns; Measurement and modeling: According to the design pattern, the building parts are accurately measured, and the design pattern is adjusted and optimized according to the measurement results. Then, the gray modeling skeleton is 3D modeled using 3DSMAX technology; Printing the modeling skeleton: Import the gray modeling skeleton 3D model into the 3D printer, select the aluminum alloy material to print layer by layer, and make the modeling skeleton; Install the modeling frame: fix the printed modeling frame to the building; Wrapping the ash: Wrap the pounded ash layer by layer on the modeling frame, with each layer not exceeding 3 cm in thickness and with a time interval of not less than 24 hours, until the ash sculpture embryo is completed; Coloring: After the gray plastic embryo is stable, use the gray color to color it according to the design pattern. Wait 4 hours after each layer of color; Outlining lines: After coloring is completed, use the gray to outline the gray sculpture contours and detail lines; Sealing and maintenance: Waterproof and sun-proof within 5 days after the gray plastic is completed.

3. The manufacturing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealed fermentation temperature of the straw tendon ash or paper tendon ash is 20-30° C., and the humidity is 60-80%.

4. The manufacturing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quicklime in the grass ash is calcium quicklime of superior grade or above, the content of CaO in the calcium quicklime is above 85%, and the fineness is above 60 mesh.

5. The manufacturing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the glutinous rice slurry of the paper tendon ash, the weight ratio of water to glutinous rice flour is 1:2 to 1:

3.

6. The manufacturing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of calcium oxide to water in the lime paste in the paper tendon ash is between 1:3 and 1:

4.

7. The manufacturing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lime oil in the pounded lime is prepared by mixing slaked lime and tung oil in a mass ratio of 3:1; The quicklime is calcium quicklime of superior grade or above, the CaO content in the calcium quicklime is above 85%, and the fineness is above 60 mesh.

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