An intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system and method for an underground passage

Abstract

The present invention provides an intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system and method for an underground passage, comprising: multiple sections of smoke exhaust sleeves, a fire detection device, a personnel detection device, and a control system. After the sections of smoke exhaust sleeves are connected in sequence, they are distributed in the top area of the underground passage; a smoke exhaust fan is provided in each section of the smoke exhaust sleeve; the control system dynamically generates a control strategy for the smoke exhaust fans according to the fire detection information and the personnel detection information; and according to the control strategy for the smoke exhaust fans, controls the start and stop of each smoke exhaust fan to achieve the optimal smoke exhaust at the current moment in the underground passage. The present invention dynamically adjusts the opening and closing sequence of the smoke exhaust fans according to the real-time detected positions of personnel and the fire in the underground passage, short-circuits the smoke flow, forms an effective smoke barrier, thereby protecting the personnel in the tunnel from the influence of the smoke and ensuring their safe evacuation. The present invention can not only effectively protect the safety of personnel, but also achieve an energy-saving effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of smoke exhaust in underground passages, and in particular relates to an intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system and method for underground passages. Background Art

[0002] In the process of urbanization, when building underground buildings such as subways, tunnels, and underground parking lots, it is necessary to dig underground passages such as tunnels in advance. However, due to the extremely harsh environment of underground passages during the construction period, its closed or semi-closed structure is prone to smoke accumulation in the event of a fire, which greatly threatens the safety of personnel. Therefore, the importance of an effective smoke exhaust system for underground passages during the construction period is self-evident.

[0003] Traditional smoke exhaust systems usually rely on fixed fans and smoke outlets, and are fixed smoke exhaust systems. Therefore, when a fire occurs, smoke cannot be quickly and effectively exhausted, causing smoke to spread in the underground passage, affecting the safe evacuation of personnel. In addition, traditional smoke exhaust systems often use all fans to open at the same time to exhaust smoke, which not only leads to high energy consumption, but also may cause low smoke exhaust efficiency due to airflow conflicts between fans, thus affecting the fire emergency response effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system and method for an underground passage, which can effectively solve the above problems.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The present invention provides an intelligent smoke exhaust casing system for an underground passage, comprising:

[0007] Multiple sections of smoke exhaust casing, each section of the smoke exhaust casing is connected in sequence and distributed in the top area of ​​the underground passage; each section of the smoke exhaust casing is provided with a smoke exhaust fan;

[0008] Fire detection devices are distributed and installed at various fire detection points in the underground passage to detect whether a fire has occurred at the fire detection point and the extent of the fire when a fire occurs;

[0009] Personnel detection devices are distributed and installed at various personnel detection points in the underground passage and are located below the smoke exhaust sleeve, and are used to detect whether there are personnel at the personnel detection points and the distribution density of personnel when there are personnel;

[0010] The control system pre-stores the installation position information of each of the smoke exhaust fans, each of the fire detection devices, and each of the personnel detection devices. At the same time, it is respectively connected to the signal output ends of each of the fire detection devices and the personnel detection devices, as well as the control ends of each of the smoke exhaust fans, and is used to receive the fire detection information reported by the fire detection devices and the personnel detection information reported by the personnel detection devices, and dynamically generate a smoke exhaust fan control strategy according to the fire detection information and the personnel detection information; according to the smoke exhaust fan control strategy, control the start and stop of each smoke exhaust fan to achieve the best smoke exhaust at the current moment in the underground passage.

[0011] Preferably, the smoke exhaust fan is an axial flow fan, which is used to create a negative pressure in the smoke exhaust sleeve and has a large air volume at the same time.

[0012] Preferably, the fire detection device includes a smoke detector, a temperature detector, and a CO concentration detector; the smoke detector, the temperature detector, and the CO concentration detector are all communicatively connected to the control system through the RS485 protocol.

[0013] Preferably, the smoke detector is installed at the top of the underground passage and is used to detect whether a fire occurs at the fire detection point position.

[0014] The temperature detector and the CO concentration detector are installed 2m above the ground. When the smoke detector detects that a fire occurs at the fire detection point position, the temperature and CO concentration detected by the temperature detector and the CO concentration detector are used to infer the fire intensity at the fire detection point position, so as to achieve real-time monitoring of the fire intensity and predict the fire development trend.

[0015] Preferably, the personnel detection device includes an infrared sensor and a camera; the infrared sensor and the camera are both communicatively connected to the control system through the RS485 protocol.

[0016] Preferably, the control system includes a central processing unit, a data memory, and a control interface.

[0017] The control system is used to receive the fire detection information reported by the fire detection devices and the personnel detection information reported by the personnel detection devices, and dynamically generate a smoke exhaust fan control strategy according to the fire detection information and the personnel detection information.

[0018] The data memory is used to store the fire detection information reported by the fire detection devices received by the control system and the personnel detection information reported by the personnel detection devices.

[0019] The control interface is used to control the opening and closing of each of the smoke exhaust fans.

[0020] Preferably, the control system further includes an emergency manual control switch for manual operation when the automatic control system fails.

[0021] The control system further includes a fault detection module for real-time monitoring and reporting the operating status and fault conditions of the smoke exhaust fan, the fire detection device, and the personnel detection device.

[0022] Preferably, the control strategy of the smoke exhaust fan is as follows: combining the fire detection information reported by the fire detection device and the personnel detection information reported by the personnel detection device, dynamically adjusting the opening and closing sequence of each smoke exhaust fan, so as to optimize the smoke exhaust effect and ensure the safety of personnel evacuation.

[0023] The present invention also provides a control method for the intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system for an underground passage, including the following steps:

[0024] Step S1, using formula (1), calculate the smoke exhaust volume Q of the underground passage:

[0025] Qtα(0.17*W + 0.5*H*S)(1)

[0026] Where: α is the smoke exhaust coefficient, 0.07 - 0.15; W is the tunnel width; H is the tunnel height; S is the tunnel length (m);

[0027] Step S2, according to the smoke exhaust volume Q, determine the type selection of each smoke exhaust fan so that the smoke exhaust design volume of each smoke exhaust fan reaches Q;

[0028] Step S3, in normal non-fire situations, the personnel detection device is in a sleep state, and the fire detection device is in an operating state;

[0029] The control system continuously receives whether a fire has occurred and the fire situation information reported by the fire detection devices at each fire detection point position. If the fire detection devices at several fire detection point positions report the information that a fire has occurred at the same time, then according to the current fire situation information reported by the fire detection devices at each fire detection point position, obtain the area where the current fire is the largest and most concentrated;

[0030] At the same time, when receiving the information reported by the fire detection device at any one fire detection point position that a fire has occurred, trigger the activation of all personnel detection devices. Each personnel detection device needs to report to the control system whether there are people and the personnel distribution density information at each personnel detection point position; the control system obtains the position of the area with the largest current personnel density according to whether there are people and the personnel distribution density information at each personnel detection point position, and then dynamically generates a smoke exhaust fan control strategy. The smoke exhaust fan control strategy is as follows:

[0031] The position of the area with the highest current personnel density is denoted as: personnel position P1; the position of the area with the largest and most concentrated current fire is denoted as: fire position P2; the position of the underground passage exit is denoted as exit position P3;

[0032] Based on the personnel position P1, the fire position P2, and the exit position P3, the distance S between the personnel position P1 and the exit position P3 is calculated respectively 1-3 , and the distance S between the fire position P2 and the exit position P3 2-3 ;

[0033] Compare the distances S 1-3 and the distance S 2-3 . If S 1-3 > S 2-3 , it indicates that the fire position P2 is closer to the exit position P3, and the fire position P2 is on the escape path of the gathered personnel. At this time, first turn on the smoke exhaust fan M(P2) closest to the fire position P2 to reduce the impact of fire smoke on the personnel escape path. Then, turn on the smoke exhaust fan M(P1) closest to the personnel position P1. Then, at equal time intervals, starting from the smoke exhaust fan M(P1) and moving outward in the direction from the inside to the exit position P3, turn on the smoke exhaust fans at each position in sequence;

[0034] If S 1-3 < S 2-3 , it indicates that the personnel position P1 is closer to the exit position P3, and the fire position P2 is not on the escape path of the gathered personnel. At this time, first turn on the smoke exhaust fan M(P1) closest to the personnel position P1. Then, at equal time intervals, starting from the smoke exhaust fan M(P1) and moving outward in the direction from the inside to the exit position P3, turn on the smoke exhaust fans at each position in sequence to ensure that the personnel are not affected by the fire smoke behind during the escape.

[0035] An intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system and method for an underground passage provided by the present invention have the following advantages:

[0036] An intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system and method for an underground passage provided by the present invention is a technology that effectively discharges smoke in case of fire through intelligent detection and control technologies to protect the safety of personnel in the underground passage. It can improve the efficiency of personnel safety evacuation in case of fire and belongs to the fields of fire protection and building safety. The present invention dynamically adjusts the opening and closing sequence of the smoke exhaust fans according to the real-time detected personnel position and fire position in the underground passage, short-circuits the smoke flow, forms an effective smoke barrier, thereby protecting the personnel in the tunnel from being affected by the smoke and ensuring their safe evacuation. The present invention can not only effectively protect the safety of personnel but also achieve an energy-saving effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1Schematic flow chart of a method for an intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system for an underground passage provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 Layout diagram of the smoke exhaust fan of an intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system for an underground passage provided by the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation manners, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of illustration, the appended drawings are only examples. For example, the position and height of the smoke exhaust sleeve can be flexibly adjusted, and other aspects can also be adjusted according to different situations without changing the spirit of the invention.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides an intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system for an underground passage, including: multiple sections of smoke exhaust sleeves, a fire detection device, a personnel detection device, and a control system.

[0041] Multiple sections of smoke exhaust sleeves are connected in sequence and distributed in the top area of the underground passage; a smoke exhaust fan is provided in each section of the smoke exhaust sleeve; the smoke exhaust fan is an axial flow fan, which is used to create a negative pressure in the smoke exhaust sleeve and has a large air volume at the same time.

[0042] In practical applications, the smoke exhaust sleeves should be evenly distributed above the underground passage, and key arrangements should be made in crowded areas and places prone to fires. These positions are key areas for people to gather and evacuate during a fire. Reasonable arrangement of the smoke exhaust sleeves can maximize the smoke exhaust efficiency. The design of the smoke exhaust sleeves can effectively guide the flow of smoke, avoid the accumulation of smoke in the passage, and ensure the safety of personnel evacuation.

[0043] The interior of the smoke exhaust sleeve should be designed as a smooth and unobstructed flow channel to reduce the resistance and turbulence of the smoke flow. The material of the smoke exhaust sleeve is selected as a material with excellent fire resistance and high temperature resistance, such as high temperature resistant steel or fireproof composite material, to improve the fire resistance and service life of the system. Among them, the formula for calculating the smoke flow resistance is:

[0044]

[0045] Wherein: Δp is the frictional resistance loss of the flue gas in the exhaust pipe sleeve (Pa); λ is the frictional resistance loss coefficient; l is the length of the exhaust pipe sleeve (m); d is the cross-sectional diameter of the exhaust pipe sleeve (m); ρ is the density of the flue gas (kg / m 3 ); v is the flow velocity of the flue gas (m / s). Therefore, the present invention improves the smoothness of the inner wall surface of the exhaust pipe sleeve, thereby effectively reducing the frictional resistance loss coefficient, reducing the frictional resistance, and thus improving the exhaust efficiency.

[0046] An axial flow fan is selected for the exhaust fan because it can create a negative pressure in the exhaust pipe sleeve and has a large air volume and a high exhaust efficiency. The design of the axial flow fan adapts to the structure of the exhaust pipe sleeve to ensure the sealing and stability after installation. The axial flow fan can be selected according to the exhaust volume:

[0047] Using formula (1), the exhaust volume Q (m 3 / s) of the underground passage is calculated:

[0048] Qtα(0.17*W + 0.5*H*S)(1)

[0049] Wherein: α is the exhaust coefficient, 0.07 - 0.15; W is the width of the tunnel (m); H is the height of the tunnel (m); S is the length of the tunnel (m);

[0050] According to the exhaust volume Q, the type selection of each exhaust fan is determined so that the exhaust design volume of each exhaust fan reaches Q;

[0051] An axial flow fan is provided in each section of the exhaust pipe sleeve. The axial flow fan should be fixed through a shock-proof bracket to prevent the vibration and noise during operation from affecting. During installation, it should be ensured that the axial flow fan is tightly connected to the exhaust pipe sleeve to prevent air leakage and reduce energy loss.

[0052] The fire detection device is distributed and installed at the positions of each fire detection point in the underground passage, and is used to detect whether a fire occurs at the position of the fire detection point and the fire intensity when a fire occurs, and transmit the data to the control system; specifically, the fire detection devices are evenly distributed at the key positions of the underground passage, such as exits, intersections, crowded areas, and under the exhaust pipe sleeves. In particular, the sensor density is increased at the corners and dead ends of the underground passage to ensure comprehensive monitoring.

[0053] In practical applications, the fire detection device includes a smoke detector, a temperature detector, and a CO concentration detector; the smoke detector, the temperature detector, and the CO concentration detector are all communicatively connected to the control system through the RS485 protocol.

[0054] The smoke detector is installed on the top of the underground passage and is used to detect whether a fire occurs at the fire detection point, and then to activate the smoke exhaust system; the temperature detector and the CO concentration detector are installed 2m above the ground. When the smoke detector detects that a fire occurs at the fire detection point, the temperature and CO concentration detected by the temperature detector and the CO concentration detector are used to infer the fire intensity at the fire detection point, so as to realize real-time monitoring of the fire intensity and predict the development trend of the fire.

[0055] In the present invention, the smoke detector is a catalytic combustion type sensor. When flammable smoke contacts the surface of the sensor covered with this catalyst, an oxidation reaction will occur and combustion will take place. The detection element of the catalytic combustion type smoke sensor is generally a platinum wire. During use, the platinum wire is energized to maintain a high temperature. At this time, if it contacts the smoke, the smoke will burn on the rare metal catalytic layer. Therefore, the temperature of the platinum wire will rise, and the resistance of the platinum wire will also rise, which can detect the smoke concentration. When the concentration reaches a certain level, the fan can be turned on through the control system for smoke exhaust.

[0056] The temperature detector is an RTD resistance temperature detector sensing element: The platinum-based RTD is laser trimmed to ensure accuracy and flexibility. The temperature detector is used to provide a stable and fast linear output. When the temperature reaches a certain level, the fan can be turned on through the control system for smoke exhaust.

[0057] The CO detector is a KGA5 type carbon monoxide sensor, which can continuously detect the carbon monoxide content in the air of the underground passage.

[0058] The personnel detection device is distributed and installed at each personnel detection point position in the underground passage and is located below the smoke exhaust sleeve. It is used to detect whether there are people at the personnel detection point position and the distribution density of people when there are people, and transmit the data to the control system.

[0059] Specifically, the personnel detection device includes an infrared sensor and a camera; both the infrared sensor and the camera are communicatively connected to the control system through the RS485 protocol.

[0060] The infrared sensor is used to detect the thermal radiation signal of people. The infrared sensor has the characteristics of high sensitivity and fast response speed, and is suitable for quickly detecting the position of people in the initial stage of a fire, and cooperating with the control system to regulate the opening sequence of the smoke exhaust fan. The infrared sensor is specifically a pyroelectric infrared sensor, which can detect the infrared rays emitted by the human or animal body and output an electrical signal, outputting a switch signal, and can be applied to various occasions where the movement of the human body needs to be detected.

[0061] The camera is used to monitor the situation in the underground passage. The camera has high resolution and night vision function, and is installed at a high place to obtain a wide field of view, ensuring that the entire underground passage is covered, which can create conditions for subsequent fire fighting.

[0062] The control system pre-stores the installation position information of each of the smoke exhaust fans, each of the fire detection devices, and each of the personnel detection devices. At the same time, it is respectively connected to the signal output ends of each of the fire detection devices and the personnel detection devices, and the control ends of each of the smoke exhaust fans, and is used to receive the fire detection information reported by the fire detection devices and the personnel detection information reported by the personnel detection devices, and dynamically generate a smoke exhaust fan control strategy according to the fire detection information and the personnel detection information; according to the smoke exhaust fan control strategy, control the start and stop of each smoke exhaust fan to achieve the best smoke exhaust at the current moment in the underground passage.

[0063] Specifically, the control system includes a central processing unit (CPU), a data memory, and a control interface;

[0064] The control system is used to receive the fire detection information reported by the fire detection devices and the personnel detection information reported by the personnel detection devices, and dynamically generate a smoke exhaust fan control strategy according to the fire detection information and the personnel detection information;

[0065] The data memory is used to store the fire detection information reported by the fire detection devices received by the control system and the personnel detection information reported by the personnel detection devices;

[0066] The control interface is used to control the opening and closing of each of the smoke exhaust fans.

[0067] Specifically, the CPU has powerful data processing capabilities, can analyze the data transmitted by the sensors in real time, and make a rapid response. To improve the reliability of the system, the CPU adopts a redundant design, that is, a backup processing unit is equipped to ensure that the system can still operate normally when the main processing unit fails.

[0068] The data memory has sufficient capacity to store a large amount of sensor data, the operation programs of the control system, and historical data. The memory uses a high-speed solid-state drive (SSD) to improve the data reading and writing speed.

[0069] The control interface is reasonably arranged, convenient for maintenance and repair, and ensures that it can be quickly operated in case of emergency. The control interface should have protection measures to prevent the influence of the external environment on the interface, such as waterproof and dustproof designs.

[0070] The control system receives sensor data in real time, analyzes the distribution of personnel, and dynamically adjusts the starting sequence of the smoke exhaust fans according to the positions of the personnel. Through the data obtained by infrared sensors and cameras, the system can accurately locate the positions of the personnel to ensure the most effective smoke exhaust.

[0071] As a specific implementation method, the control system adopts a control function of K = f(t, c1, c2); where t is the temperature (°C) in the tunnel; c1 is the smoke concentration (μg / m 3 ); c2 is the CO concentration (ppm).

[0072] In practical applications, the smoke exhaust fans are turned on in sequence from the inside to the outside to prevent the backflow and diffusion of smoke in the passage and ensure the safe evacuation of personnel. In areas where there is no personnel distribution, the smoke exhaust fans can be reduced or turned off to save energy; in areas with a dense population, the air volume is increased to ensure rapid smoke exhaust. The system can dynamically adjust the fan status in each area according to the real-time monitoring data to achieve a balance between energy conservation and safety.

[0073] The control system further includes an emergency manual control switch for manual operation when the automatic control system fails, so that people can quickly operate in an emergency; the emergency manual control switch should be arranged at a prominent position in the underground passage for easy operation by personnel in an emergency. The emergency manual control switch is set at a height that is easy to reach, and at least one is installed at each key position (such as exits and intersections).

[0074] There are clear operation instructions near the emergency manual control switch to guide personnel on how to manually turn on the smoke exhaust fans when the automatic control system fails. The instructions are concise and to the point, including the purpose of the switch, operation steps, and precautions.

[0075] The control system further includes a fault detection module for real-time monitoring and reporting the operating status and fault conditions of the smoke exhaust fans, the fire detection device, and the personnel detection device.

[0076] The control strategy for the smoke exhaust fans is: combining the fire detection information reported by the fire detection device and the personnel detection information reported by the personnel detection device, dynamically adjusting the opening and closing sequences of each smoke exhaust fan, so as to optimize the smoke exhaust effect and ensure the safety of personnel evacuation.

[0077] For the intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system for underground passages provided by the present invention, the system should be comprehensively inspected regularly. It is recommended to conduct a comprehensive inspection once every quarter, including functional tests of the smoke exhaust fans, sensors, control systems, and manual control switches.

[0078] Check the operating status of the exhaust fan, the sensitivity and accuracy of the sensors, the response speed of the control system, and the stability of data transmission. In particular, pay attention to the cleanliness of the sensors and the lubrication of the exhaust fan to ensure the normal operation of the system in case of emergency.

[0079] Regularly organize emergency drills to simulate emergencies such as fires and test the operation effect of the system and the emergency response ability of personnel. The drills should include the startup of the automatic smoke exhaust system and the switching of manual control.

[0080] According to the latest technological developments and actual usage, regularly upgrade the system software, optimize the control algorithm, and improve the intelligence level and response speed of the system.

[0081] The present invention also provides a control method for an intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system for an underground passage, comprising the following steps:

[0082] Step S1, using formula (1), calculate the smoke exhaust volume Q of the underground passage:

[0083] Qtα(0.17*W + 0.5*H*S)(1)

[0084] Where: α is the smoke exhaust coefficient, 0.07 - 0.15; W is the tunnel width; H is the tunnel height; S is the tunnel length (m);

[0085] Step S2, according to the smoke exhaust volume Q, determine the type selection of each smoke exhaust fan so that the smoke exhaust design volume of each smoke exhaust fan reaches Q;

[0086] In normal non-fire situations, the personnel detection device is in a sleep state, and the fire detection device is in an operating state;

[0087] The control system receives in real time whether a fire has occurred and the fire situation information reported by the fire detection devices at each fire detection point position. If the information that a fire has occurred is reported by the fire detection devices at several fire detection point positions at the same time, then according to the current fire situation information reported by the fire detection devices at each fire detection point position, obtain the area where the current fire is the largest and most concentrated;

[0088] At the same time, when the information that a fire has occurred is reported by the fire detection device at any one fire detection point position, trigger the startup of all personnel detection devices. Each personnel detection device needs to report to the control system whether there are personnel and the personnel distribution density information at each personnel detection point position; the control system obtains the position of the area with the largest current personnel density according to the information on whether there are personnel and the personnel distribution density at each personnel detection point position, and then dynamically generates a smoke exhaust fan control strategy. The smoke exhaust fan control strategy is:

[0089] The position of the area with the maximum current personnel density is denoted as: personnel position P1; the position of the area with the maximum and most concentrated current fire is denoted as: fire position P2; the position of the underground passage exit is denoted as exit position P3;

[0090] Based on the personnel position P1, the fire position P2, and the exit position P3, the distance S between the personnel position P1 and the exit position P3 is calculated respectively 1-3 , and the distance S between the fire position P2 and the exit position P3 2-3 ;

[0091] Compare the distances S 1-3 and the distance S 2-3 . If S 1-3 > S 2-3 , it indicates that the fire position P2 is closer to the exit position P3, and the fire position P2 is on the escape path of the gathered personnel. At this time, first turn on the smoke exhaust fan M(P2) closest to the fire position P2 to reduce the impact of fire smoke on the personnel escape path. Then, turn on the smoke exhaust fan M(P1) closest to the personnel position P1. Then, in turn, at equal time intervals, starting from the smoke exhaust fan M(P1) and in the direction from the inside to the outside towards the exit position P3, turn on the smoke exhaust fans at each position in sequence;

[0092] If S 1-3 < S 2-3 , it indicates that the personnel position P1 is closer to the exit position P3, and the fire position P2 is not on the escape path of the gathered personnel. At this time, first turn on the smoke exhaust fan M(P1) closest to the personnel position P1. Then, in turn, at equal time intervals, starting from the smoke exhaust fan M(P1) and in the direction from the inside to the outside towards the exit position P3, turn on the smoke exhaust fans at each position in sequence to ensure that the personnel are not affected by the fire smoke behind during the escape.

[0093] An intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system and method for an underground passage provided by the present invention have the following advantages:

[0094] An intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system and method for an underground passage provided by the present invention is a technology that effectively discharges smoke in case of a fire through intelligent detection and control technologies to protect the safety of personnel in the underground passage, can improve the efficiency of personnel safety evacuation in case of a fire, and belongs to the fields of fire protection and building safety. Specifically, according to the real-time detected positions of personnel and the fire in the underground passage, the present invention dynamically adjusts the opening and closing sequence of the smoke exhaust fans. When the fire position P2 is on the escape path of the gathered personnel, the smoke exhaust fan M(P2) closest to the fire position P2 is first turned on to reduce the impact of fire smoke on the personnel escape path. Then, the smoke exhaust fan M(P1) closest to the personnel position P1 is turned on. Then, at equal time intervals, in the direction from the inside to the outside, that is, from the smoke exhaust fan M(P1) to the exit position P3, the smoke exhaust fans at each position are sequentially turned on. By turning on the smoke exhaust fans from the inside to the outside in sequence, the smoke flow is short-circuited to form an effective smoke barrier, thereby protecting the personnel in the tunnel from the influence of smoke and ensuring their safe evacuation. The present invention can not only effectively protect the safety of personnel, but also achieve an energy-saving effect.

[0095] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can still be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control method for an intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system for an underground passage, characterized in that, The intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system for an underground passage includes: Multiple sections of smoke exhaust sleeves. After each section of the smoke exhaust sleeves is connected in sequence, they are distributed in the top area of the underground passage; a smoke exhaust fan is provided in each section of the smoke exhaust sleeve. Fire detection devices, which are distributed and installed at each fire detection point position in the underground passage, and are used to detect whether a fire occurs at the fire detection point position and the fire intensity when a fire occurs. Personnel detection devices, which are distributed and installed at each personnel detection point position in the underground passage and are located below the smoke exhaust sleeves, and are used to detect whether there are people at the personnel detection point position and the distribution density of people when there are people. A control system, which pre-stores the installation position information of each smoke exhaust fan, each fire detection device, and each personnel detection device. At the same time, it is respectively connected to the signal output ends of each fire detection device and the personnel detection device and the control ends of each smoke exhaust fan, and is used to receive the fire detection information reported by the fire detection device and the personnel detection information reported by the personnel detection device, and dynamically generate a smoke exhaust fan control strategy according to the fire detection information and the personnel detection information; according to the smoke exhaust fan control strategy, control the start and stop of each smoke exhaust fan to achieve the best smoke exhaust at the current moment in the underground passage. The control method of the intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system for an underground passage described above includes the following steps: Step S1, using formula (1), calculate the smoke exhaust volume Q of the underground passage: Q = α(0.17*W + 0.5*H*S) (1) Where: α is the smoke exhaust coefficient, 0.07 - 0.15; W is the tunnel width; H is the tunnel height; S is the tunnel length (m). Step S2, according to the smoke exhaust volume Q, determine the type selection of each smoke exhaust fan so that the smoke exhaust design volume of each smoke exhaust fan reaches Q. Step S3, in the normal non-fire situation, the personnel detection device is in the sleep state, and the fire detection device is in the running state. The control system receives in real-time the information on whether a fire occurs and the fire intensity reported by the fire detection devices at each fire detection point position. If the information on the occurrence of a fire reported by the fire detection devices at several fire detection point positions is received simultaneously, then according to the current fire intensity information reported by the fire detection devices at each fire detection point position, obtain the area where the current fire is the largest and most concentrated. At the same time, when the information on the occurrence of a fire reported by the fire detection device at any one fire detection point position is received, trigger the start of all personnel detection devices. Each personnel detection device needs to report to the control system the information on whether there are people and the personnel distribution density at each personnel detection point position; the control system obtains the position of the area with the largest current personnel density according to the information on whether there are people and the personnel distribution density at each personnel detection point position, and then dynamically generates a smoke exhaust fan control strategy. The smoke exhaust fan control strategy is: Represent the position of the area with the largest current personnel density as: personnel position P1; represent the position of the area where the current fire is the largest and most concentrated as: fire position P2; represent the underground passage exit position as exit position P3. According to the personnel position P1, the fire position P2, and the exit position P3, the distance S between the personnel position P1 and the exit position P3 is calculated respectively 1-3 , and the distance S between the fire position P2 and the exit position P3 2-3 ; Compare distance S 1-3 and distance S 2-3 , if S 1-3 > S 2-3 , it indicates that the fire location P2 is closer to the exit location P3, and the fire location P2 is on the escape path of the gathered people. At this time, first turn on the smoke exhaust fan M(P2) closest to the fire location P2 to reduce the impact of fire smoke on the escape path of people. Then, turn on the smoke exhaust fan M(P1) closest to the people location P1. Then, at equal time intervals in sequence, starting from the smoke exhaust fan M(P1) and in the direction from the inside to the outside towards the exit location P3, turn on the smoke exhaust fans at each location in sequence; If S 1-3 <S 2-3 , it indicates that the personnel position P1 is closer to the exit position P3, and the fire position P2 is not on the escape path of the gathered personnel. At this time, first turn on the smoke exhaust fan M(P1) closest to the personnel position P1, and then, at equal time intervals in sequence, turn on the smoke exhaust fans at each position in the direction from the inside to the outside from the smoke exhaust fan M(P1) to the exit position P3, ensuring that the personnel are not affected by the fire smoke from behind during their escape.

2. The control method of an intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system for an underground passage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust fan is an axial flow fan, which is used to create a negative pressure in the exhaust sleeve and has a large air volume at the same time.

3. The control method of an intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system for an underground passage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire detection device includes a smoke detector, a temperature detector and a CO concentration detector; the smoke detector, the temperature detector and the CO concentration detector are all communicatively connected to the control system through the RS485 protocol.

4. The control method of an intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system for an underground passage according to claim 3, characterized in that, The smoke detector is installed at the top of the underground passage and is used to detect whether a fire occurs at the fire detection point location. The temperature detector and the CO concentration detector are installed 2m above the ground. When the smoke detector detects that a fire occurs at the fire detection point location, the temperature and CO concentration detected by the temperature detector and the CO concentration detector are used to infer the fire situation at the fire detection point location, so as to realize real-time monitoring of the fire situation and predict the development trend of the fire.

5. The control method of an intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system for an underground passage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The personnel detection device includes an infrared sensor and a camera; the infrared sensor and the camera are both communicatively connected to the control system through the RS485 protocol.

6. The control method of an intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system for an underground passage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system includes a central processing unit, a data memory and a control interface. The control system is used to receive the fire detection information reported by the fire detection device and the personnel detection information reported by the personnel detection device, and dynamically generate an exhaust fan control strategy according to the fire detection information and the personnel detection information. The data memory is used to store the fire detection information reported by the fire detection device received by the control system and the personnel detection information reported by the personnel detection device. The control interface is used to control the opening and closing of each exhaust fan.

7. The control method of an intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system for an underground passage according to claim 1, characterized in that The control system further includes an emergency manual control switch, which is used for manual operation when the automatic control system fails. The control system further includes a fault detection module, which is used to monitor and report the operating status and fault conditions of the exhaust fan, the fire detection device and the personnel detection device in real time.

8. The control method of an intelligent smoke exhaust sleeve system for an underground passage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust fan control strategy is as follows: combining the fire detection information reported by the fire detection device and the personnel detection information reported by the personnel detection device, dynamically adjusting the opening and closing sequence of each exhaust fan, so as to optimize the exhaust effect and ensure the safety of personnel evacuation.

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