A battery heating circuit, a battery pack, and an electrical device.

Abstract

This application discloses a battery heating circuit, a battery pack, and an electrical device. The battery heating circuit includes a battery, a heating module, and a voltage isolation module. The input terminal of the voltage isolation module is connected to the battery, and the output terminal of the voltage isolation module is connected to the heating module. The voltage isolation module is configured to output a second voltage signal to the heating module based on a first voltage signal provided by the battery, and the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal are isolated from each other. The heating module is configured to heat the battery under the action of the second voltage signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to a battery heating circuit, a battery pack, and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the new energy vehicle industry has developed rapidly, with its market share continuously expanding and promising future prospects. However, most electric vehicles use lithium-ion batteries as their power source. In low-temperature environments, the rate capability of lithium-ion batteries decreases, leading to shorter driving ranges and longer charging times, causing serious inconvenience for users.

[0003] In existing technologies, electric vehicles typically use membrane heating technology to heat the battery. However, the voltage of the battery's heating circuit is fixed, which may lead to safety issues in the heating circuit. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One object of this application is to provide a battery heating circuit, a battery pack, and an electrical device.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this application, a battery heating circuit is provided, including a battery, a heating module, and a voltage isolation module. The input terminal of the voltage isolation module is connected to the battery, and the output terminal of the voltage isolation module is connected to the heating module. The voltage isolation module is configured to output a second voltage signal to the heating module according to a first voltage signal provided by the battery, wherein the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal are isolated from each other. The heating module is configured to heat the battery under the action of the second voltage signal.

[0006] Optionally, the battery heating circuit further includes a first switch module and a control module, wherein the first switch module is connected between the input terminal of the voltage isolation module and the battery, and the control terminal of the first switch module is connected to the control module;

[0007] The control module is configured to output a control signal to the first switch module, and the first switch module causes the voltage isolation module to output the second voltage signal to the heating module according to the first voltage signal.

[0008] Optionally, the control module is further configured to acquire the current battery information of the battery; determine whether the battery meets the heating conditions based on the current battery information; and output the control signal to the first switch module if the battery meets the heating conditions.

[0009] Optionally, the heating conditions include at least one of the following:

[0010] The current temperature of the battery is less than or equal to a first threshold.

[0011] The current SOC of the battery is greater than or equal to the second threshold.

[0012] The positive and negative electrode voltages of the entire battery pack are greater than or equal to the discharge cutoff voltage of the entire pack, and less than or equal to the charging cutoff voltage of the entire pack.

[0013] The positive and negative electrode voltages of the individual cells of the battery are greater than or equal to the discharge cutoff voltage of the individual cell and less than or equal to the charging cutoff voltage of the individual cell.

[0014] Optionally, the voltage isolation module is a transformer, with the first end of the transformer connected to the battery and the second end of the transformer connected to the heating module.

[0015] Optionally, the control module is further configured to acquire the current battery information of the battery; determine the target heating power of the heating module based on the current battery information; and adjust the duty cycle of the control signal based on the target heating power.

[0016] Optionally, the battery heating circuit further includes a current detection module, which is configured to detect the current flowing through the heating module, and the control module is configured to determine the actual heating power of the heating module based on the current current, and adjust the duty cycle of the control signal to make the actual heating power the same as the target heating power.

[0017] Optionally, the control module is further configured to stop outputting the control signal to the first switch module when the battery does not meet the heating conditions, so that the first switch module is disconnected, the voltage isolation module stops outputting the second voltage signal to the heating module, and the heating module stops heating the battery.

[0018] Optionally, the voltage isolation module is an optocoupler.

[0019] Optionally, the battery heating circuit further includes a low-voltage power supply, which is configured to output the second voltage signal; the positive terminal of the low-voltage power supply is connected to the first output terminal of the voltage isolation module, the negative terminal of the low-voltage power supply is connected to the first terminal of the heating module, and the second terminal of the heating module is connected to the second output terminal of the voltage isolation module.

[0020] Optionally, the battery heating circuit further includes a heating contactor, which is connected between the output terminal of the voltage isolation module and the heating module, and the control terminal of the heating contactor is connected to the control module;

[0021] The control module is also configured to control the heating contactor to turn on when the battery meets the heating conditions.

[0022] Optionally, the battery heating circuit further includes a pre-charging circuit, which is connected between the input terminal of the voltage isolation module and the battery;

[0023] The control module is configured to control the load connected to the battery to precharge through the precharging circuit, and, when the precharging of the load is completed, determine whether the battery meets the heating conditions based on the current battery information.

[0024] Optionally, the pre-charging circuit includes a pre-charging contactor, a main contactor, and a pre-charging resistor. The pre-charging contactor and the pre-charging resistor are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the main contactor.

[0025] According to a second aspect of this application, a battery pack is provided, including a battery heating circuit as described in the first aspect of this application.

[0026] According to a third aspect of this application, an electrical device is provided, including a battery heating circuit as described in the first aspect of this application, or a battery pack as described in the second aspect of this application.

[0027] In this embodiment, the voltage isolation module isolates the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal from each other to achieve electrical isolation between the high-voltage circuit and the low-voltage heating circuit, thereby enhancing the safety and EMC reliability of the battery heating circuit.

[0028] Other features and advantages of this application will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the present application and, together with their description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery heating circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery heating circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery heating circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 ;

[0033] Figure 4This is a schematic flowchart of a control method for a battery heating circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure label:

[0035] Battery heating circuit - 100; Battery - 110; Heating module - 120; Voltage isolation module - 130; Control module - 140; Low voltage power supply - 150; Pre-charge circuit - 160; Optocoupler - 131; Transformer - T1; First switch module - K1; Heating contactor - K2; Pre-charge contactor - K3; Main contactor - K4; Pre-charge resistor - 161; Negative contactor - K5. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0037] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the scope of this application and its application or use.

[0038] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0039] In all the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0040] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be discussed further in subsequent figures.

[0041] <Battery Heating Circuit Example>

[0042] This application provides a battery heating circuit. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the battery heating circuit 100 includes a battery 110, a heating module 120, and a voltage isolation module 130.

[0043] The input terminal of the voltage isolation module 130 is connected to the battery 110, and the output terminal of the voltage isolation module 130 is connected to the heating module 120. The voltage isolation module 130 is configured to output a second voltage signal to the heating module 120 according to the first voltage signal provided by the battery 110. The first voltage signal and the second voltage signal are isolated from each other.

[0044] The heating module 120 is configured to heat the battery 110 under the action of the second voltage signal.

[0045] In this embodiment, the voltage isolation module 130 may have two input terminals and two output terminals. The two input terminals of the voltage isolation module 130 are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery 110, and the two output terminals of the voltage isolation module 130 are respectively connected to the two ends of the heating module 120.

[0046] Furthermore, the heating module 120 may include at least one heating element, which may include a heating film resistor and / or a heating PTC. In the case where the heating module 120 includes multiple heating elements, the multiple heating elements may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a series-parallel connection.

[0047] In this embodiment, the first voltage signal output by the battery 110 has a higher voltage, while the second voltage signal output by the voltage isolation module 130 has a lower voltage. The input terminal of the voltage isolation module 130 and the battery 110 form a high-voltage circuit, and the output terminal of the voltage isolation module 130 and the heating module 120 form a low-voltage heating circuit. The first and second voltage signals are mutually isolated, which enables electrical isolation between the high-voltage circuit and the low-voltage heating circuit, enhancing the safety and EMC reliability of the battery heating circuit.

[0048] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the voltage isolation module 130 may be a transformer or an optocoupler.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, in the embodiment where the voltage isolation module 130 is a transformer T1, the primary side of the transformer T1 is connected to the battery 110, and the secondary side of the transformer T1 is connected to the heating module 120.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, in the embodiment where the voltage isolation module 130 is an optocoupler 131, the input terminal of the optocoupler is connected to the battery 110, and the output terminal of the optocoupler 131 is connected to the heating module 120.

[0051] In such Figure 3 In the example shown, the battery heating circuit 100 also includes a low-voltage power supply 150 for outputting a second voltage signal, and an optocoupler 131 is connected to the circuit in which the low-voltage power supply 150 supplies power to the heating module 120.

[0052] Specifically, such as Figure 3As shown, the first output terminal of the optocoupler 131 can be connected to the positive terminal of the low-voltage power supply 150, the negative terminal of the low-voltage power supply 150 can be connected to the first terminal of the heating module 120, and the second terminal of the heating module 120 can be connected to the second output terminal of the optocoupler 131.

[0053] In one embodiment of this disclosure, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the battery heating circuit 100 also includes a first switch module K1 and a control module 140. The first switch module K1 is connected between the input terminal of the voltage isolation module 130 and the battery 110, and the control terminal of the first switch module K1 is connected to the control module 140.

[0054] The control module 140 is configured to output a control signal to the first switch module K1, which causes the voltage isolation module 130 to output a second voltage signal to the heating module 120 based on the first voltage signal.

[0055] In one example, the first switching module K1 can be a semiconductor power switch, specifically an NPN transistor, a PNP transistor, an NMOS transistor, a PMOS transistor, or an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor).

[0056] When the voltage isolation module 130 is a transformer, the control signal output by the control module 140 to the first switch module K1 can be a PWM signal. This PWM signal controls the first switch module K1 to switch its state, converting the first voltage signal output by the battery 110 into a square wave signal. The amplitude of this square wave signal is the same as the voltage of the first voltage signal, and its duty cycle is the same as that of the PWM signal. The transformer can then output a second voltage signal to the heating module 120 based on this square wave signal, causing the heating module 120 to heat the battery 110. The second voltage signal is also a square wave, and its duty cycle is the same as that of the PWM signal, but its amplitude is less than that of the first voltage signal.

[0057] When the voltage isolation module 130 is an optocoupler, the control signal output by the control module 140 to the first switch module K1 can be a continuous high-level signal or a continuous low-level signal to turn on the first switch module K1. When the first switch module K1 is turned on, the optocoupler transmits the second voltage signal provided by the low-voltage power supply 150 to the heating module 120, so that the heating module 120 heats the battery 110.

[0058] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the control module 140 is further configured to acquire the current battery information of the battery 110; determine whether the battery 110 meets the heating conditions based on the current battery information; and output a control signal to the first switch module K1 when the battery 110 meets the heating conditions, so that the voltage isolation module 130 outputs a second voltage signal to the heating module 120 based on the first voltage signal, and the heating module 120 heats the battery 110.

[0059] In this embodiment, the current battery information may include at least one of the following: current temperature, positive and negative voltage of the entire battery pack, positive and negative voltage of a single battery cell, and current state of charge (SOC).

[0060] Furthermore, the control module 140 may be a battery management system (BMS).

[0061] In one embodiment, the heating conditions include at least one of the following: the current temperature of the battery is less than or equal to a first threshold; the current state of charge (SOC) of the battery is greater than or equal to a second threshold; the positive and negative electrode voltages of the entire battery pack are greater than or equal to the discharge cut-off voltage of the entire pack and less than or equal to the charging cut-off voltage of the entire pack; the positive and negative electrode voltages of the individual battery cells are greater than or equal to the discharge cut-off voltage of the individual cell and less than or equal to the charging cut-off voltage of the individual cell.

[0062] The first threshold, the second threshold, the whole pack discharge cutoff voltage, the whole pack charge cutoff voltage, the single cell discharge cutoff voltage, and the single cell charge cutoff voltage can be set according to battery performance or experimental simulation results. For example, the first threshold can be 5°C, the second threshold can be 5%, and the third threshold can be the cutoff voltage of battery 110.

[0063] In this embodiment, the control module 140 may output a control signal to the first switch module K1 when it is determined that the battery 110 meets all heating conditions based on the current battery information, and stop outputting the control signal to the first switch module K1 when it is determined that the battery 110 does not meet any one or more heating conditions based on the current battery information, thereby causing the first switch module K1 to open, the voltage isolation module 130 to stop outputting the second voltage signal to the heating module 120, and the heating module 120 to stop heating the battery 110.

[0064] In the embodiment where the voltage isolation module 130 is the transformer T1, the control module 140 is further configured to acquire the current battery information of the battery 110; determine the target heating power of the heating module 120 based on the current battery information; and adjust the duty cycle of the control signal based on the target heating power.

[0065] In this embodiment, the current battery information used to determine the target heating power of the heating module 120 may include temperature and / or SOC.

[0066] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the control module 140 may, during the process of outputting a control signal to the first switch module K1, determine the target heating power of the heating module 120 according to the current battery information at a set frequency, and adjust the duty cycle of the control signal according to the target heating power. The set frequency may be preset according to the application scenario or specific requirements; for example, the set frequency may be 1Hz.

[0067] In an embodiment where the current battery information used to determine the target heating power of the heating module 120 includes the current temperature, first mapping data reflecting the mapping relationship between temperature and heating power can be preset; based on the current temperature of the battery and the first mapping data, the heating power corresponding to the current temperature is obtained as the target heating power.

[0068] The first mapping data can be the first mapping function, or the first lookup table, etc., and is not limited here.

[0069] For the first mapping function, the dependent variable is heating power and the independent variable is temperature. Thus, by substituting the current temperature of the battery into the first mapping function, the target heating power corresponding to the current temperature can be obtained.

[0070] For the first lookup table, the heating power corresponding to the current battery temperature can be found in the first lookup table and used as the target heating power. If the current temperature cannot be found directly in the first lookup table, two values ​​adjacent to the current temperature can be found, and the heating power corresponding to the current temperature can be obtained by interpolation based on these two values ​​and the heating power corresponding to these two values, which can then be used as the target heating power.

[0071] In an embodiment where the current battery information used to determine the target heating power of the heating module 120 includes the current SOC, second mapping data reflecting the mapping relationship between SOC and heating power can be preset; based on the current SOC of the battery and the second mapping data, the heating power corresponding to the current SOC is obtained as the target heating power.

[0072] The second mapping data can be a second mapping function, a second lookup table, etc., and is not limited here.

[0073] For the second mapping function, the dependent variable is the heating power and the independent variable is the SOC. Thus, by substituting the current SOC of the battery into the second mapping function, the target heating power corresponding to the current SOC can be obtained.

[0074] For the second lookup table, the heating power corresponding to the current SOC of the battery can be found in the second lookup table and used as the target heating power. If the current SOC cannot be found directly in the second lookup table, two values ​​adjacent to the current SOC can be found, and the heating power corresponding to the current SOC can be obtained by interpolation based on these two values ​​and the heating power corresponding to these two values, which can then be used as the target heating power.

[0075] In an embodiment where the current battery information used to determine the target heating power of the heating module 120 includes the current temperature and the current state of charge (SOC), third mapping data reflecting the mapping relationship between temperature, SOC, and heating power can be preset; based on the current temperature, current SOC, and third mapping data of the battery, the heating power corresponding to the current temperature and current SOC is obtained and used as the target heating power.

[0076] The third mapping data can be a third mapping function, a third lookup table, etc., and is not limited here.

[0077] For the third mapping function, the dependent variable is the heating power, and the independent variables are the temperature and the state of charge (SOC). By substituting the current temperature and current SOC of the battery into the third mapping function, the target heating power corresponding to the current temperature and current SOC can be obtained.

[0078] For the third lookup table, the heating power corresponding to the current temperature and current SOC of the battery can be found in the third lookup table as the target heating power. If the current temperature or current SOC cannot be found directly in the third lookup table, two values ​​adjacent to the current temperature and current SOC can be found, and the heating power corresponding to the current temperature and current SOC can be obtained by interpolation based on these two values ​​and the heating power corresponding to these two values, which can then be used as the target heating power.

[0079] In this embodiment, a fourth mapping data reflecting the mapping relationship between heating power and duty cycle can be preset; based on the target heating power and the fourth mapping data, the duty cycle corresponding to the target heating power is obtained as the target duty cycle.

[0080] The fourth mapping data can be a fourth mapping function, a fourth lookup table, etc., and is not limited here.

[0081] For the fourth mapping function, the dependent variable is the duty cycle and the independent variable is the heating power. Thus, by substituting the target heating power into the fourth mapping function, the duty cycle corresponding to the target heating power can be obtained, which can be used as the target duty cycle.

[0082] For the fourth lookup table, the duty cycle corresponding to the target heating power can be found in the fourth lookup table and used as the target duty cycle. If the target heating power cannot be found directly in the fourth lookup table, two values ​​adjacent to the target heating power can be found, and the duty cycle corresponding to the target heating power can be obtained by interpolation based on these two values ​​and the duty cycles corresponding to these two values, and used as the target duty cycle.

[0083] Based on the target duty cycle, the duty cycle of the control signal can be adjusted to that target duty cycle.

[0084] In this embodiment, the duty cycle of the PWM signal is used to change the magnitude of the primary current of the transformer to match the heating capacity requirements of the battery heating circuit, thereby controlling the magnitude of the secondary current in the low-voltage heating circuit and thus changing the heating power to heat the battery.

[0085] In one embodiment of this disclosure, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the battery heating circuit 100 may further include a current detection module 170, which is configured to detect the current flowing through the heating module 120. The control module 140 is configured to determine the actual heating power of the heating module based on the current current and adjust the duty cycle of the control signal to make the actual heating power the same as the target heating power.

[0086] In this embodiment, the current detection module 170 can be a Hall sensor or a shunt.

[0087] Specifically, when the actual heating power is less than the target heating power, the duty cycle of the control signal can be increased to increase the actual heating power of the heating module; when the actual heating power is greater than the target heating power, the duty cycle of the control signal can be decreased to decrease the actual heating power of the heating module.

[0088] In this embodiment, the actual heating power of the heating module can be made the same as the target heating power by adjusting the duty cycle of the control signal.

[0089] In one embodiment of this disclosure, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the battery heating circuit 100 may further include a heating contactor K2, which is connected between the output terminal of the voltage isolation module 130 and the heating module 120, and the control terminal of the heating contactor K2 is connected to the control module 140.

[0090] The control module 140 is also configured to control the heating contactor K2 to turn on when the battery 110 meets the heating conditions.

[0091] When the heating contactor K2 is turned on, the voltage isolation module 130 can output a second voltage signal to the heating module 120, so that the heating module 120 heats the battery 110.

[0092] In one embodiment of this disclosure, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the battery heating circuit 100 also includes a pre-charging circuit 160, which is connected between the input terminal of the voltage isolation module 130 and the battery 110.

[0093] The control module 140 is configured to control the load connected to the battery 110 to precharge through the precharge circuit 160, and to determine whether the battery 110 meets the heating conditions based on the current battery information after the load precharging is completed.

[0094] In this embodiment, during the pre-charging process of the load through the pre-charging circuit 160, the power consumption of the pre-charging circuit 160 is relatively large. In order not to affect the pre-charging effect, the control module 140 can determine whether the battery 110 meets the heating conditions based on the current battery information after the load pre-charging is completed, and output a control signal to the first switch module K1 when the battery 110 meets the heating conditions, so that the voltage isolation module 130 outputs a second voltage signal to the heating module 120 based on the first voltage signal, and the heating module 120 heats the battery 110 under the action of the second voltage signal.

[0095] In one embodiment of this disclosure, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the pre-charging circuit 160 includes a pre-charging contactor K3, a main contactor K4, and a pre-charging resistor 161. The pre-charging contactor K3 and the pre-charging resistor 160 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the main contactor K4.

[0096] In this embodiment, when the battery 110 supplies power to the load, the control module 140 may first control the precharge contactor K3 to turn on and control the main contactor K4 to turn off, so that the battery 110 precharges the load through the precharge circuit 160. When the load precharging is complete, the control module 140 may control the precharge contactor K3 to turn off and control the main contactor K4 to turn on, so that the battery 110 supplies power to the load normally.

[0097] Furthermore, the load can be connected in parallel with the voltage isolation module 130 and the first switch module K1.

[0098] In this embodiment, the pre-charging circuit 160 can be connected between the positive terminal of the battery 110 and the voltage isolation module 130. Therefore, as... Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the battery heating circuit 100 also includes a negative contactor K5, which is connected between the negative terminal of the battery 110 and the voltage isolation module 130.

[0099] The control module 140 can control the negative contactor K5 to conduct when the battery 110 is connected to the charging pile through the charging interface or when the battery 110 supplies power to the load.

[0100] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the battery heating circuit 100 may further include a first fuse and a second fuse. The first fuse is connected to the high-voltage circuit, and the second fuse is connected to the low-voltage heating circuit. The first fuse is used to disconnect in the event of overcurrent in the high-voltage circuit, and the second fuse is used to disconnect in the event of overcurrent in the low-voltage heating circuit, so as to ensure the safety of the battery heating circuit.

[0101] For example Figure 2 The control method for the battery heating circuit shown can be as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the control method may include: when the battery is powered on at high voltage, the control module 140 acquires the current battery information and determines whether the battery meets the heating conditions based on the current battery information. If not, it enters the non-heating process; if so, it closes the first switch module K1 and the heating contactor K2 to enter the heating process; it adjusts the duty cycle of the control signal of the first switch module K1 to control the heating power. During the execution of the heating process, the control module 140 continues to determine whether the battery meets the heating conditions. If so, it continues to execute the heating process; if not, it enters the non-heating process.

[0102] When the battery is powered on at high voltage, the control module 140 first closes the main contactor K4 and the negative contactor K5.

[0103] When the control module 140 enters the non-heating process, the first switch module K1 and the heating contactor K2 are disconnected.

[0104] In this embodiment, the high voltage of the battery can be determined when the battery is connected to a charging pile for charging via a charging interface or when the battery supplies power to a load.

[0105] In one embodiment, the heating module 120 has a large area and can basically cover the battery 110.

[0106] In this embodiment, the heating module 120 is connected in the low-voltage heating circuit, and the low-voltage heating circuit and the high-voltage circuit are electrically separated. The current of the low-voltage heating circuit is controllable and adjustable. If part of the membrane of the heating module 120 is damaged, the safety hazards such as fire and explosion caused by arcing can be effectively reduced, and the flexibility and adaptability of the battery heating circuit can also be improved.

[0107] <Battery Pack Example>

[0108] This embodiment also provides a battery pack. The battery pack may include the battery heating circuit described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0109] <Example of Electrical Equipment>

[0110] This embodiment also provides an electrical device. In one aspect, the electrical device may include the battery heating circuit described in the foregoing embodiments, or the battery pack described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0111] In one example, the electrical equipment could be a vehicle.

[0112] The vehicle may also have at least one of the following hardware structures: processor, processor engine, motor controller, sensing device, input device, interface device, output device, motor, power battery, etc., without limitation.

[0113] The rear end of the engine (the end connected to the flywheel) can be connected to the input end of the reducer via a clutch, and the output end of the reducer is connected to the wheel axle, so that the engine can drive the wheel to rotate.

[0114] The motor controller is used to control the motor's actions according to the control instructions sent by the processor. For example, it controls the motor's output torque to drive the wheel axle to rotate; or it controls the motor to feed electrical energy back to the power battery.

[0115] The sensing device may include various sensors, such as at least one of a speed sensor, attitude sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, pressure sensor, etc.

[0116] Input devices may include button circuits, touch screens, microphones, knob circuits, throttle control devices with accelerator pedals, brake control devices with brake pedals, and so on.

[0117] Interface devices may include headphone jacks, diagnostic interfaces for on-board diagnostics (OBD) systems, charging interfaces, USB interfaces, etc.

[0118] Output devices may include displays, speakers, various indicator lights, etc.

[0119] When the motor is used as an electric motor, the power battery can be used to provide electrical energy to the motor.

[0120] This application may be a system, method, and / or computer program product. A computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions loaded thereon for causing a processor to implement various aspects of this application.

[0121] Computer-readable storage media can be tangible devices capable of holding and storing instructions for use by an instruction execution device. Computer-readable storage media can be, for example—but not limited to—electrical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, optical storage devices, electromagnetic storage devices, semiconductor storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static random access memory (SRAM), portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital multifunction disc (DVD), memory sticks, floppy disks, mechanical encoding devices, such as punch cards or recessed protrusions storing instructions thereon, and any suitable combination thereof. The computer-readable storage media used herein are not to be construed as transient signals themselves, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through waveguides or other transmission media (e.g., light pulses through fiber optic cables), or electrical signals transmitted through wires.

[0122] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from computer-readable storage media to various computing / processing devices, or downloaded via a network, such as the Internet, local area network, wide area network, and / or wireless network, to an external computer or external storage device. The network may include copper transmission cables, fiber optic transmission, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards them to the computer-readable storage media in the respective computing / processing device.

[0123] The computer program instructions used to perform the operations of this application may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, electronic circuits, such as programmable logic circuits, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or programmable logic arrays (PLAs), are personalized by utilizing state information from the computer-readable program instructions. These electronic circuits can execute the computer-readable program instructions to implement various aspects of this application.

[0124] Various aspects of this application are described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It should be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer-readable program instructions.

[0125] These computer-readable program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine such that, when executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, they create means for implementing the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart and / or block diagram. These computer-readable program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that causes a computer, programmable data processing apparatus, and / or other device to operate in a particular manner; thus, the computer-readable medium storing the instructions comprises an article of manufacture that includes instructions for implementing aspects of the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0126] Computer-readable program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby causing the instructions executed on the computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to perform the functions / actions specified in one or more boxes of a flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0127] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of an instruction containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. In some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those marked in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions. It will be well known to those skilled in the art that implementation in hardware, implementation in software, and implementation using a combination of software and hardware are equivalent.

[0128] The various embodiments of this application have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical applications, or technical improvements to the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein. The scope of this application is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery heating circuit, characterized in that, The device includes a battery, a heating module, and a voltage isolation module. The voltage isolation module has two input terminals and two output terminals. The two input terminals are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery, respectively, and the two output terminals are connected to the two ends of the heating module, respectively. The voltage isolation module is configured to output a second voltage signal to the heating module based on a first voltage signal provided by the battery, and the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal are isolated from each other. The heating module is configured to heat the battery under the action of the second voltage signal. The battery heating circuit further includes a first switch module and a control module. The first switch module is connected between the input terminal of the voltage isolation module and the battery, and the control terminal of the first switch module is connected to the control module. The control module is configured to output a control signal to the first switch module, so that the voltage isolation module outputs the second voltage signal to the heating module according to the first voltage signal; The voltage isolation module is a transformer, the primary side of which is connected to the battery, and the secondary side of which is connected to the heating module. The control module is further configured to acquire the current battery information of the battery; determine the target heating power of the heating module based on the current battery information; and adjust the duty cycle of the control signal based on the target heating power; wherein the current battery information includes temperature and / or SOC.

2. The battery heating circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module is also configured to acquire the current battery information of the battery; determine whether the battery meets the heating conditions based on the current battery information; and output the control signal to the first switch module if the battery meets the heating conditions.

3. The battery heating circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heating conditions include at least one of the following: The current temperature of the battery is less than or equal to a first threshold. The current SOC of the battery is greater than or equal to the second threshold. The positive and negative electrode voltages of the entire battery pack are greater than or equal to the discharge cutoff voltage of the entire pack, and less than or equal to the charging cutoff voltage of the entire pack. The positive and negative electrode voltages of the individual cells of the battery are greater than or equal to the discharge cutoff voltage of the individual cell and less than or equal to the charging cutoff voltage of the individual cell.

4. The battery heating circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery heating circuit further includes a current detection module, which is configured to detect the current flowing through the heating module. The control module is configured to determine the actual heating power of the heating module based on the current current and adjust the duty cycle of the control signal to make the actual heating power the same as the target heating power.

5. The battery heating circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control module is also configured to stop outputting the control signal to the first switch module when the battery does not meet the heating conditions, so that the first switch module is disconnected, the voltage isolation module stops outputting the second voltage signal to the heating module, and the heating module stops heating the battery.

6. The battery heating circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage isolation module is an optocoupler.

7. The battery heating circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The battery heating circuit also includes a low-voltage power supply, which is configured to output the second voltage signal; the positive terminal of the low-voltage power supply is connected to the first output terminal of the voltage isolation module, the negative terminal of the low-voltage power supply is connected to the first terminal of the heating module, and the second terminal of the heating module is connected to the second output terminal of the voltage isolation module.

8. The battery heating circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery heating circuit also includes a heating contactor, which is connected between the output terminal of the voltage isolation module and the heating module, and the control terminal of the heating contactor is connected to the control module. The control module is also configured to control the heating contactor to turn on when the battery meets the heating conditions.

9. The battery heating circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery heating circuit also includes a pre-charging circuit, which is connected between the input terminal of the voltage isolation module and the battery. The control module is configured to control the load connected to the battery to precharge through the precharging circuit, and, when the precharging of the load is completed, determine whether the battery meets the heating conditions based on the current battery information.

10. The battery heating circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that, The pre-charging circuit includes a pre-charging contactor, a main contactor, and a pre-charging resistor. The pre-charging contactor and the pre-charging resistor are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the main contactor.

11. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes the battery heating circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, It includes the battery heating circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, or the battery pack as described in claim 11.

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