A peanut seeding machine suitable for uneven and heavy soil conditions in hilly areas

Abstract

The application discloses a peanut seeding machine suitable for uneven and heavy soil conditions in hilly areas, which comprises a ridging and soil lifting device, a film covering device, a film unfolding device, a seed metering device, a seed metering device lower limiting device, a film edge soil covering device, a main soil covering device, a seed box mounting frame, a seed box and a seed tube; in order to smoothly unfold the mulching film and not damage the mulching film, the film unfolding wheel is designed as a structure capable of floating up and down relative to the rear hanging beam; the seed box mounting frame is adjustably connected to the rear hanging beam, and the film covering device, the film unfolding device, the seed metering device, the seed metering device lower limiting device and the film edge soil covering device can be adjusted, so as to meet the use of different width specifications of the mulching film.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural equipment technology, specifically to a peanut planter. Background Technology

[0002] Because the peanut-producing areas in my country's Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Northeast, and Northwest regions are relatively flat, with large individual plots and predominantly sandy and loam soils, they are suitable for the widespread application of peanut production machinery, leading to the widespread use of peanut planters. However, in other peanut-producing areas such as Southwest my country, South China, and the Yangtze River Basin, the terrain is uneven, the land is fragmented, and heavy clay soils are widely distributed, placing higher demands on the performance of peanut planters. Existing peanut planters are ill-suited to these working conditions, impacting local enthusiasm for peanut cultivation and hindering the improvement of mechanized production levels.

[0003] The main performance indicators of peanut planters include three aspects: qualified seed count per hole, breakage rate, and sowing depth. The qualified seed count per hole and breakage rate are mainly determined by the peanut seed metering device. The peanut seed metering device is relatively less affected by terrain and soil conditions. The seed metering devices of peanut planters widely used in major peanut producing areas such as Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Northeast China, and Northwest China can basically meet the needs of peanut sowing operations in hilly and mountainous areas. However, the soil covering mechanism of conventional peanut planters is difficult to meet the soil covering operation needs in uneven plots and heavy clay soil conditions, resulting in inconsistent peanut sowing depth and a large number of seed drying problems, which seriously affect peanut emergence rate, yield, and farmers' enthusiasm for using planters. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a peanut planter suitable for uneven, heavy clay soil conditions in hilly and mountainous areas, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: A peanut planter suitable for uneven, heavy clay soil conditions in hilly and mountainous areas, comprising a ridging and soil-laying device, a film-covering device, a film-spreading device, a seed metering device, a seed metering device with a lower limit, a film-edge soil-covering device, a main soil-covering device, a seed box mounting frame, a seed box, and a seed tube.

[0006] The rear side of the ridging and soil-laying device is fixed with a pair of rear hanging beams that extend horizontally to the rear and are distributed to the left and right. The main soil-covering device is fixedly connected to the rear side of the ridging and soil-laying device and is located between the two rear hanging beams.

[0007] The coating device includes:

[0008] A cylindrical film-coating roller, used for mounting mulch film rolls;

[0009] A pair of hooks distributed on the left and right, with two hooks detachably attached to each end of the coating roller and in movable cooperation with the hooks;

[0010] A pair of left and right distributed film adjusting parts corresponding to and connected with the hooks, the hooks are adjustably connected to the rear hanging beams through the film adjusting parts;

[0011] A pair of ground film limiting rings adjustably sleeved with the film rollers, the ground film roll is limited between the two ground film limiting rings;

[0012] The film spreading device is located behind the film coating device, and the film spreading device comprises:

[0013] A pair of left and right distributed film spreading wheels arranged in rotation, the film spreading wheels are used for rolling and pressing the ground film on the ground surface;

[0014] A pair of left and right distributed film spreading adjusting parts corresponding to and connected with the film spreading wheels, the film spreading wheels are adjustably connected to the rear hanging beams through the film spreading adjusting parts;

[0015] The film edge covering device, the lower limiting device of the seed metering device and the seed metering device are adjustably connected to the two rear hanging beams, the lower limiting device of the seed metering device is used for limiting the height position of the seed metering device, the seed box is fixedly connected to the rear hanging beams through the seed box mounting frame, and the seed box is connected with the seed metering device through a seed tube.

[0016] The film coating device of the application has the advantages that:

[0017] The film coating device can be adjusted in front and back, left and right, up and down relative to the ridging and soil taking device, so that different width specifications of the ground film can be used, the position of the ground film can be limited, and the ground film can be replaced very conveniently.

[0018] The film spreading device can be adjusted in front and back, left and right, up and down relative to the ridging and soil taking device, so that different width specifications of the ground film can be used. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is the overall schematic diagram of the application.

[0020] Figure 2 It is the schematic diagram of the film coating device.

[0021] Figure 3 It is the structural schematic diagram of the hook.

[0022] Figure 4 It is the schematic diagram of the film spreading device.

[0023] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the rotating shaft.

[0024] Figure 6 It is the schematic diagram of the seed metering device.

[0025] Figure 7 It is the schematic diagram of the lower limiting device of the seed metering device.

[0026] Figure 8 is a schematic view of a film edge covering device.

[0027] Figure 9 is a schematic view of the angle between the plane of the covering disc and the direction of travel of the planter.

[0028] Figure 10 is a schematic view of a ridge forming and covering device.

[0029] Figure 11 is a schematic view of a ridge forming and covering device from another perspective.

[0030] Figure 12 is a schematic view of a ridge forming and covering device from above.

[0031] Figure 13 is a schematic view of a ridge shaping plate.

[0032] Figure 14 is a schematic view of the opening and closing of the upper opening of a ridge shaping plate.

[0033] Figure 15 is a schematic view of a covering quantity adjusting mechanism.

[0034] Figure 16 is a schematic view of a side section of a ridge forming and covering device.

[0035] Figure 17 is a schematic view of a main covering device.

[0036] Figure 18 is a schematic view of the position of the driving shaft and driven shaft of a conveyor belt mechanism.

[0037] Figure 19 is a schematic view of a covering transmission system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Figures 1-19 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0039] For the convenience of description, based on the technical common sense in the industry, the direction of travel of the planter before operation is set as the front direction, and when standing behind the planter and looking forward, the left side of the observer is the left direction and the right side of the observer is the right direction.

[0040] As shown in FIG. 1, the planter comprises a main frame 1, a covering device 2, a ridge forming and covering device 3, a covering quantity adjusting mechanism 4, a conveyor belt mechanism 5, a covering transmission system 6, a driving device 7 and a control device 8. Figure 1The illustrated provides a peanut seeding machine suitable for uneven and heavy soil conditions in hilly areas, comprising a ridge forming and soil raising device 1, a film covering device 2, a film spreading device 3, a seed spacing device 4, a seed spacing device lower limiting device 5, a film edge soil covering device 6, a main soil covering device 7, a seed box mounting frame 8, a seed box 9, and a seed tube 10.

[0041] The rear side of the ridge forming and soil raising device 1 is fixed with a pair of rear hanging beams 1-8 extending horizontally rearward and distributed left and right, and the main soil covering device 7 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the ridge forming and soil raising device 1 and located between the two rear hanging beams 1-8.

[0042] As shown in Figure 2 The film covering device 2 comprises:

[0043] A film covering roller 2-7 in the shape of a circular tube is used to wrap the film roll;

[0044] A pair of left and right distributed hooks 2-6, the two ends of the film covering roller 2-7 are detachably connected to the two hooks 2-6 and movably cooperate with the hooks 2-6;

[0045] A pair of left and right distributed film adjusting parts corresponding to and connected to the hooks 2-6, the hooks 2-6 are adjustably connected to the rear hanging beams 1-8 through the film adjusting parts, and each film adjusting part comprises a front and rear adjusting tube 2-1, a left and right adjusting tube 2-2, a horizontally extending tube 2-3 (extending horizontally in the left and right directions), an up and down adjusting tube 2-4, and a vertical adjusting plate 2-5, as shown in Figure 2 The front and rear adjusting tube 2-1 is adjustably sleeved on the rear hanging beam 1-8, the left and right adjusting tube 2-2 is fixedly connected to the front and rear adjusting tube 2-1, the left and right adjusting tube 2-2 is adjustably sleeved on the horizontally extending tube 2-3, the horizontally extending tube 2-3 is fixedly connected to the up and down adjusting tube 2-4, the up and down adjusting tube 2-4 is adjustably sleeved on the vertical adjusting plate 2-5, and the lower end of the vertical adjusting plate 2-5 is detachably fixedly connected to the main hook body 2-6-3 of the hook 2-6;

[0046] A pair of film limiting rings 2-8 adjustably sleeved on the film covering roller 2-7, and the film roll is limited between the two film limiting rings 2-8.

[0047] Among them, as shown in Figure 3 The hook 2-6 comprises:

[0048] A hook-shaped main hook body 2-6-3 hooks the film covering roller 2-7, and the part of the main hook body 2-6-3 in contact with the film covering roller 2-7 is provided as a circular arc surface;

[0049] A semicircular ring 2-6-1 with the concave surface facing upward and supporting the film covering roller 2-7;

[0050] A semicircular sealing plate 2-6-2 fixed on the semicircular ring 2-6-1 is used to define the axial position of the film roller 2-7.

[0051] Through the above scheme, the film coating device 2 can be adjusted in front and back, left and right, and up and down relative to the ridging and soil taking device 1, thereby meeting the use of different width specifications of mulching film.

[0052] The opening distance on the main hook body 2-6-3 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the film roller 2-7, which ensures that the film roll can be smoothly removed from the hook 2-6 when replacing the mulching film, and the new mulching film can be smoothly installed. The inner diameter of the concave arc surface of the main hook body 2-6-3 is equal to the inner diameter of the semicircular ring 2-6-1, and the inner diameter of the concave arc surface of the main hook body 2-6-3 is about 2mm larger than the outer diameter of the film roller 2-7, which facilitates the rotation of the film roller 2-7 on the hook 2-6, thereby smoothly rotating the film roll and spreading the mulching film. The semicircular sealing plate 2-6-2 welded on the end face of the semicircular ring 2-6-1 is used to prevent the film roller 2-7 from moving left and right, and to define the axial position of the film roller 2-7. The film limiting ring 2-8 adjustably fitted on the film roller 2-7 is used to prevent the mulching film from moving left and right on the film roller 2-7.

[0053] As shown in Figure 4 , the above film spreading device 3 is located behind the film coating device 2, which includes:

[0054] A pair of left and right distributed and rotationally arranged film spreading wheels 3-9 are used to tension and press the mulching film on the ground, and the outer peripheral wall of the film spreading wheel 3-9 is flexible and in flexible contact with the mulching film;

[0055] A pair of left and right distributed film spreading adjusting parts corresponding to and connected with the film spreading wheels 3-9, the film spreading wheels 3-9 are adjustably connected to the rear hitch beam 1-8 through the film spreading adjusting parts, the film spreading adjusting parts include front and rear adjustable pipes 3-1, left and right adjustable pipes 3-2, left and right horizontal pipes 3-3 (extending horizontally in the left and right directions), and lifting adjustable pipes 3-4, as shown in Figure 3 , the front and rear adjustable pipes 3-1 are adjustably sleeved with the rear hitch beam 1-8, the left and right adjustable pipes 3-2 are fixedly connected with the front and rear adjustable pipes 3-1, the left and right adjustable pipes 3-2 are adjustably sleeved with the left and right horizontal pipes 3-3, the left and right horizontal pipes 3-3 are fixedly connected with the lifting adjustable pipes 3-4, and the lifting adjustable pipes 3-4 are adjustably sleeved with the vertical adjusting pipe 3-5. The film spreading adjusting part can adjust the front and back, left and right, and up and down positions of the film spreading device 3 relative to the ridging and soil taking device 1, thereby meeting the use of different width mulching films.

[0056] In addition, the film-edge soil covering device 6, the seed metering device lower limit device 5, and the seed metering device 4 are all adjustablely connected to the two rear hanging beams 1-8. The seed metering device lower limit device 5 is used to limit the height position of the seed metering device 4. The seed box 9 is fixedly connected to the rear hanging beams 1-8 through the seed box mounting bracket 8, and the seed box mounting bracket 8 is adjustablely fitted onto the rear hanging beams 1-8, with the position locked by bolts. The seed box 9 is connected and communicates with the seed metering device 4 through the seed tube 10. Since the positions of the seed box 9 and the seeder 4-7 will change during operation, the seed tube 10 is set as a telescopic flexible hose.

[0057] The aforementioned film spreading device 3 is divided into two symmetrically arranged units. Each unit includes film spreading wheels 3-9 and a film spreading adjustment unit, and also includes:

[0058] Vertical adjustment pipe 3-5 connected to the film spreading adjustment section;

[0059] The tilted swing plate 3-7 is connected to the bottom of the vertical adjustment tube 3-5 by rotating up and down through the rotating shaft 3-8. The film spreading wheel 3-9 is connected to the lower end of the swing plate 3-7 by rotating up and down.

[0060] A compression spring mounting rod 3-10 is connected to a swing plate 3-7 at its lower end. A compression spring limiting plate 3-6 is fixedly connected to a vertical adjusting tube 3-5. The compression spring mounting rod 3-10 can be adjusted to extend upward through the compression spring limiting plate 3-6. A limiting nut is fitted on the part of the compression spring mounting rod 3-10 that extends beyond the compression spring limiting plate 3-6. During adjustment, the limiting nut can be loosened to adjust the length of the part of the compression spring mounting rod 3-10 that extends beyond the compression spring limiting plate 3-6, thereby adjusting the length of the compression spring 3-11.

[0061] The compression spring 3-11 is an elastic element. The compression spring 3-11 is fitted with the compression spring mounting rod 3-10. The lower end of the compression spring 3-11 abuts against the limiting flange of the compression spring mounting rod 3-10, and its upper end abuts against the compression spring limiting plate 3-6.

[0062] In order to ensure that the mulch film can be unfolded smoothly without damaging it, the film unfolding wheel 3-9 is designed to float up and down relative to the rear hanging beam 1-8.

[0063] The pressure applied to the mulch film by the film spreading wheel 3-9 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the compression spring 3-11; to ensure that the swing plate 3-7 can rotate smoothly around the rotating shaft 3-8, such as Figure 5 As shown, the rotating shaft 3-8 is designed with a large diameter central cylinder and small threaded columns at both ends. The outer diameter of the circular hole at the upper end of the swing plate 3-7 is 1-2 mm larger than the diameter of the central cylinder of the rotating shaft 3-8, while the thickness of the rotating plate 3-7 is 1-2 mm less than the height of the central cylinder of the rotating shaft 3-8.

[0064] like Figure 6 As shown, the seed metering device 4 includes:

[0065] a pair of left and right seed spacing adjustment parts;

[0066] a round pipe-shaped seeder swing shaft 4-8 horizontally extending along the left and right directions, both ends of which are adjustably sleeved with round sleeve-shaped lower sleeves 4-4, and the two lower sleeves 4-4 are respectively installed on the two rear hanging beams 1-8 through the two seed spacing adjustment parts;

[0067] two left and right distributed seeders 4-7 which are rotationally connected to the seeder swing shaft 4-8, fixed parts of the seeders 4-7 are fixedly connected with seeder mounting racks 4-6, and the seeder mounting racks 4-6 are rotationally connected with the seeder swing shaft 4-8;

[0068] three axial limiting rings 4-5 which are axially sleeved on the seeder swing shaft 4-8 at intervals along the axial direction of the seeder swing shaft 4-8, and the three axial limiting rings 4-5 form two limiting areas, and the seeder mounting racks 4-6 of the two seeders 4-7 are respectively located in the two limiting areas.

[0069] In the above scheme, the movable parts of the seeders 4-7 roll on the ground during the seeding process, and the fixed parts of each seeder 4-7 are fixed with seed tube joints 4-9 connected with the seed tubes 10 to guide the seeds into the interior of the seeders 4-7. Through the above scheme, the front and back, up and down positions of the seed spacing device 4 relative to the ridging and soil taking device 1 can be adjusted, thereby meeting the use of different sizes of peanut seeders.

[0070] During the seeding operation, the seeders 4-7 can swing up and down within a certain range around the seeder swing shaft 4-8 to adapt to uneven land, the spacing and transverse position between the two seeders 4-7 can be adjusted through the axial limiting rings 4-5 to meet the requirements of peanut seeding row spacing in different regions; the types and numbers of the seeders can be replaced and adjusted according to different crop seeding requirements to meet the requirements of different crop seeding.

[0071] As shown in Figure 7 the above seeder lower limiting device 5 comprises:

[0072] a lower limiting rod 5-4 horizontally extending along the left and right directions and located below the seeder mounting rack 4-6, which supports and limits the seeder mounting rack 4-6 and its seeder 4-7 when the seeding machine turns around and shifts between land plots and during transportation, so that the seeder 4-7 does not scratch the ground / carriage floor, and the seeder 4-7 can be well protected;

[0073] two left and right distributed lower limiting adjustment parts, both ends of the lower limiting rod 5-4 are adjustably connected with the two rear hanging beams 1-8 through the two lower limiting adjustment parts.

[0074] As shown inFigure 8 As shown in the drawings, the film edge mulching device 6 is divided into two units distributed on the left and right, and each unit comprises:

[0075] a film edge mulching adjusting part;

[0076] a vertically extending disc support rod 6-6 adjustably connected to the rear hanging beam 1-8 through the film edge mulching adjusting part;

[0077] a mulching disc 6-7 rotatably connected to the lower end of the disc support rod 6-6 and rolling forward into the soil to a certain depth when in use, the mulching disc 6-7 is a bowl-shaped disc with a groove on its inner side, as shown in the drawings. Figure 9 As shown in the drawings, the inner side of the mulching disc 6-7 forms a certain angle with the forward trajectory line of the seeding machine from the perspective of looking down, and the angle is between 0-90°, so as to adjust the amount of mulching on the film edge.

[0078] As shown in the drawings, the film edge mulching adjusting part comprises: Figure 8 a first adjusting tube 6-1 telescopically connected to the rear hanging beam 1-8;

[0079] a fixed tube 6-2 fixedly connected to the lower part of the first adjusting tube 6-1;

[0080] a second adjusting tube 6-3 fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixed tube 6-2;

[0081] a third adjusting tube 6-4 horizontally extending in the left-right direction, and the second adjusting tube 6-3 telescopically connects to the third adjusting tube 6-4;

[0082] an adjustable vertical round tube 6-5 fixedly connected to the third adjusting tube 6-4, the disc support rod 6-6 is cylindrical, the adjustable vertical round tube 6-5 telescopically connects to the disc support rod 6-6, and can be adjusted vertically and horizontally.

[0083] As shown in the drawings, the seed dispensing adjusting part of the seed dispensing device 4 comprises:

[0084] Figure 6 a seed dispensing part first adjustable tube 4-1 telescopically connected to the rear hanging beam 1-8;

[0085] a seed dispensing part second adjustable tube 4-2 fixedly connected to the seed dispensing part first adjustable tube 4-1;

[0086] a seed dispensing part third adjustable tube 4-3 fixedly connected to the lower tube sleeve 4-4, and the seed dispensing part second adjustable tube 4-2 telescopically connects to the seed dispensing part third adjustable tube 4-3.

[0087] As shown in the drawings, the seed dispensing adjusting part of the seed dispensing device 4 comprises:

[0088] As shown in the drawings, the seed dispensing adjusting part of the seed dispensing device 4 comprises: Figure 7 ​As shown in the figure, the lower limit adjustment part of the seed metering device lower limit positioner 5 includes:

[0089] The limit part first adjustable tube 5-1 is sleeved with the rear hanging beam 1-8 in front and back adjustment mode;

[0090] The limit part second adjustable tube 5-2 is fixedly connected with the limit part first adjustable tube 5-1;

[0091] The limit part third adjustable tube 5-3 is fixedly inserted with the limit part third adjustable tube 5-3 bottom part by the lower limit rod 5-4, and the limit part second adjustable tube 5-2 is sleeved with the limit part third adjustable tube 5-3 in lifting adjustment mode.

[0092] As shown in the figure, Figure 1 The main soil covering device 7 includes a conveying belt mechanism and a soil chute 7-7, the ridging and soil raising device 1 has a rotary tiller part, the conveying belt mechanism is used for conveying the soil thrown by the rotary tiller part to the soil chute 7-7, and the soil chute 7-7 is used for guiding and covering the soil conveyed by the conveying belt mechanism downward on the ground; the conveying belt mechanism is arranged in a whole inclined mode, the feeding end thereof is the lowest end and is located at the front side thereof, and the discharging end thereof is the highest end and is located at the rear side thereof; the soil chute 7-7 is arranged in a whole inclined mode, the feeding end thereof is the highest end and is fixedly connected with the highest end of the conveying belt mechanism, and the discharging end thereof is the lowest end and is located at the rear side thereof; the film coating device 2, the film spreading device 3, the seed metering device 4, the seed metering device lower limit positioner 5 and the film edge soil covering device 6 are all located in the space below the conveying belt mechanism and the soil chute 7-7; the seeding position of the seed metering device 4 is located in front of the discharging end of the soil chute 7-7 at the rear side thereof.

[0093] As shown in the figure, Figures 10-19 The specific structures of the ridging and soil raising device 1, the main soil covering device 7 and the soil covering transmission system 11 are involved.

[0094] The ridging and soil raising device 1 includes:

[0095] The three-point suspension frame 1-1 and the rotary tiller part frame 1-2, the three-point suspension frame 1-1 is fixedly connected with the main body structure of the seeding machine, and the three-point suspension frame 1-1 suspends and fixedly connects the rotary tiller part frame 1-2;

[0096] The rotary tiller part is transmissionally connected with the power unit, the rotary tiller part is provided with a pair of left and right distributed side plates, the rotary direction of the rotary tiller part is consistent with the tire rotary direction when the seeding machine advances, the two side plates are fixedly connected with the rotary tiller part frame 1-2, a rotary tiller cavity accommodating the rotary tiller part is formed between the two side plates, the front ends of the two rear hanging beams 1-8 are fixedly connected with the above-mentioned two side plates, and the rear ends of the two rear hanging beams 1-8 are fixedly connected with the main body of the seeding machine;

[0097] The ridge shaping plate 1-7 includes a shaping part and a vertical plate part fixedly connected as a whole, the shaping part b has a shaped groove with downward opening and through from front to back, the shaping part is used for shaping the ridge structure, the shape of the shaping part and the shaped groove is designed according to the cross-sectional shape of the ridge when planting different crops, the vertical plate part is fixedly connected to the rear side of the two side plates and seals the rotary tiller cavity at the rear side;

[0098] The soil retaining part 1-9 has a rectangular opening with the rotary tiller cavity in communication, the length direction of the opening is perpendicular to the driving direction, the soil retaining part 1-9 includes an adjustable plate 1-9-2 adjustably connected to the rotary tiller frame 1-2, the adjustable plate 1-9-2 is used for adjusting the size of the through surface of the opening, which is equivalent to a valve, controls the soil passing amount of the opening, adjusts the soil amount from the rotary tiller cavity to the main soil covering device 7, so as to adapt to different soil covering thickness requirements.

[0099] The soil covering amount adjusting mechanism 1-10 includes a rotary adjusting shaft 1-10-2 adjustably connected to the side plate in up and down rotation, and a rebounding panel 1-10-1 fixed to the rotary adjusting shaft 1-10-2, the rebounding panel 1-10-1 is in the rotary tiller cavity, the position of the rebounding panel 1-10-1 is higher than the opening and is obliquely opposite to the opening at an adjustable angle, the rebounding panel 1-10-1 is used for rebounding the soil thrown by the rotary tiller cutter to the opening and making the rebounded soil penetrate through the opening rearward.

[0100] The opening is used as the channel of the soil from the ridge soil covering device 1 to the main soil covering device 7, the width of the opening is smaller than the width of the conveying belt 7-5 in the main soil covering device 7, and the lower bottom position of the opening is slightly higher than the height of the horizontal plane where the center line of the driven shaft 7-4 in the main soil covering device 7 is located, so as to smoothly convey the soil thrown by the rotary tiller cutter 1-4 to the rear of the ridge soil covering device 1.

[0101] The above-mentioned main soil covering device 7 includes a conveying belt mechanism and a soil sliding groove 7-7 inclined in opposite directions, the lowest end of the conveying belt mechanism is close to and located below the opening, so as to receive the soil penetrating through the opening rearward, the conveying belt mechanism conveys in the direction from the lowest end to the highest end, the highest end of the soil sliding groove 7-7 is fixedly connected to the highest end of the conveying belt mechanism, and the soil sliding groove 7-7 guides the soil to slide to the ground in the direction from the highest end to the lowest end.

[0102] The above-mentioned conveying belt mechanism is drivingly connected to the power unit through a soil covering transmission system 11.

[0103] The soil covering amount adjusting mechanism 1-10 further comprises an adjusting handle 1-10-3, one end of a rotary adjusting shaft 1-10-2 is fixedly connected to the outside of the side plate and the other end is fixedly connected to one end of the adjusting handle 1-10-3, an adjusting base plate is fixed to the upper end of the side plate corresponding to the adjusting handle 1-10-3, an adjusting guide hole 1-10-4 for guiding the angle adjusting track of the rebounding panel 1-10-1 is formed on the adjusting base plate, the adjusting guide hole 1-10-4 extends in an arc shape with the rotary adjusting shaft 1-10-2 as the center, and a fastener is inserted through the other end of the adjusting handle 1-10-3 and the adjusting guide hole 1-10-4. The rebounding panel 1-10-1 is mainly used for rebounding the soil thrown up by the rotary tiller 1-4 to the opening on the upper part of the ridging and shaping plate 1-7, and the soil covering amount adjusting mechanism 1-10 has a rotary adjusting function, the rotary adjusting shaft 1-10-2 can be rotated by holding and adjusting the adjusting handle 1-10-3, so as to adjust the impact angle and the front impact area of the rebounding panel 1-10-1 with the soil, thereby adjusting the amount of rebounding soil, and finally realizing the adjustment of the soil covering amount and the soil covering thickness.

[0104] The soil blocking member 1-9 further comprises a vertically arranged fixing plate 1-9-1 fixedly connected to the rotary tiller part frame 1-2, and a pair of vertically extending guide holes are formed in the fixing plate 1-9-1, and the adjustable plate 1-9-2 is adjustably arranged along the guide holes of the fixing plate 1-9-1, and a fastener is inserted through the adjustable plate 1-9-2 and the guide holes of the fixing plate 1-9-1.

[0105] The conveying belt mechanism of the main soil covering device 7 comprises:

[0106] A left side plate 7-1 and a right side plate 7-2 obliquely extend along the conveying direction, the lower ends of the left side plate 7-1 and the right side plate 7-2 are fixedly connected to the vertical plate part of the ridging and shaping plate 1-7, and the opening is between the left side plate 7-1 and the right side plate 7-2;

[0107] A driving shaft 7-3 is drivingly connected to the power unit and is located at the highest end position of the conveying belt mechanism, as shown in the figure, both ends of the driving shaft 7-3 are rotatably connected to the left side plate 7-1 and the right side plate 7-2 through bearing seats 7-6; Figure 10

[0108] A driven shaft 7-4 is located at the lowest end position of the conveying belt mechanism, both ends of the driven shaft 7-4 are rotatably connected to the left side plate 7-1 and the right side plate 7-2 through bearing seats 7-6;

[0109] A conveying belt 7-5 is sleeved on the driving shaft 7-3 and the driven shaft 7-4 and is located between the left side plate 7-1 and the right side plate 7-2, both long side parts of the belt surface of the conveying belt 7-5 are provided with side plates for limiting the position of the soil, and a plurality of blocking plates for limiting the position of the soil are integrally connected to the belt surface of the conveying belt 7-5 and are distributed along the length direction of the belt surface, and both ends of each blocking plate are integrally connected to the two side plates. ​

[0110] The left side plate 7-1 and the right side plate 7-2 are fixed on the ridging and covering device 1 in left-right symmetry, the included angle between the upper edge line of the left side plate 7-1 (or the right side plate 7-2) and the horizontal plane is adjustable between 30° to 50°, the greater the angle, the greater the space of the lower part of the main covering device 7, which is more conducive to arranging large seeding and furrowing devices; the distance between the left side plate 7-1 and the right side plate 7-2 is slightly wider than the width of the conveying belt 7-5, and the width of the conveying belt 7-5 is slightly wider than the opening width of the ridging and covering device 1 by 2 to 4 cm, the conveying belt 7-5 is provided with blocking plates arranged at equal intervals to prevent soil from sliding or rolling off the conveying belt 7-5 during conveying, and the conveying belt 7-5 is provided with side blocking plates on both sides to prevent soil from leaking from both sides of the conveying belt 7-5 when encountering left-right unevenness of the ground surface during conveying.

[0111] The left side plate 7-1 and the right side plate 7-2 are fixed on the ridging and covering device 1 in left-right symmetry, the included angle between the upper edge line of the left side plate 7-1 (or the right side plate 7-2) and the horizontal plane is adjustable between 30° to 50°, the greater the angle, the greater the space of the lower part of the main covering device 7, which is more conducive to arranging large seeding and furrowing devices; the distance between the left side plate 7-1 and the right side plate 7-2 is slightly wider than the width of the conveying belt 7-5, and the width of the conveying belt 7-5 is slightly wider than the opening width of the ridging and covering device 1 by 2 to 4 cm, the conveying belt 7-5 is provided with blocking plates arranged at equal intervals to prevent soil from sliding or rolling off the conveying belt 7-5 during conveying, and the conveying belt 7-5 is provided with side blocking plates on both sides to prevent soil from leaking from both sides of the conveying belt 7-5 when encountering left-right unevenness of the ground surface during conveying.

[0112] The left side plate 7-1 and the right side plate 7-2 are fixed on the ridging and covering device 1 in left-right symmetry, the included angle between the upper edge line of the left side plate 7-1 (or the right side plate 7-2) and the horizontal plane is adjustable between 30° to 50°, the greater the angle, the greater the space of the lower part of the main covering device 7, which is more conducive to arranging large seeding and furrowing devices; the distance between the left side plate 7-1 and the right side plate 7-2 is slightly wider than the width of the conveying belt 7-5, and the width of the conveying belt 7-5 is slightly wider than the opening width of the ridging and covering device 1 by 2 to 4 cm, the conveying belt 7-5 is provided with blocking plates arranged at equal intervals to prevent soil from sliding or rolling off the conveying belt 7-5 during conveying, and the conveying belt 7-5 is provided with side blocking plates on both sides to prevent soil from leaking from both sides of the conveying belt 7-5 when encountering left-right unevenness of the ground surface during conveying.

[0113] The left side plate 7-1 and the right side plate 7-2 are fixed on the ridging and covering device 1 in left-right symmetry, the included angle between the upper edge line of the left side plate 7-1 (or the right side plate 7-2) and the horizontal plane is adjustable between 30° to 50°, the greater the angle, the greater the space of the lower part of the main covering device 7, which is more conducive to arranging large seeding and furrowing devices; the distance between the left side plate 7-1 and the right side plate 7-2 is slightly wider than the width of the conveying belt 7-5, and the width of the conveying belt 7-5 is slightly wider than the opening width of the ridging and covering device 1 by 2 to 4 cm, the conveying belt 7-5 is provided with blocking plates arranged at equal intervals to prevent soil from sliding or rolling off the conveying belt 7-5 during conveying, and the conveying belt 7-5 is provided with side blocking plates on both sides to prevent soil from leaking from both sides of the conveying belt 7-5 when encountering left-right unevenness of the ground surface during conveying.

[0114] The left side plate 7-1 and the right side plate 7-2 are fixed on the ridging and covering device 1 in left-right symmetry, the included angle between the upper edge line of the left side plate 7-1 (or the right side plate 7-2) and the horizontal plane is adjustable between 30° to 50°, the greater the angle, the greater the space of the lower part of the main covering device 7, which is more conducive to arranging large seeding and furrowing devices; the distance between the left side plate 7-1 and the right side plate 7-2 is slightly wider than the width of the conveying belt 7-5, and the width of the conveying belt 7-5 is slightly wider than the opening width of the ridging and covering device 1 by 2 to 4 cm, the conveying belt 7-5 is provided with blocking plates arranged at equal intervals to prevent soil from sliding or rolling off the conveying belt 7-5 during conveying, and the conveying belt 7-5 is provided with side blocking plates on both sides to prevent soil from leaking from both sides of the conveying belt 7-5 when encountering left-right unevenness of the ground surface during conveying.

[0115] The inner cavity of the soil chute 7-7 is also provided with a soil uniformity adjusting plate 7-8 for ensuring equal amount of soil on both sides. The soil uniformity adjusting plate 7-8 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the soil chute 7-7 through the middle rotating shaft 7-14, is perpendicular to the bottom plate 7-16 of the soil chute 7-7, and is located on the upper side of the left second adjusting plate 7-10 and the right second adjusting plate 7-11.

[0116] The soil uniformity adjusting plate 7-8 can be rotated around the middle rotating shaft 7-14 for adjusting, so as to ensure equal amount of soil on both sides. The left first adjusting plate 7-9 can be rotated around the left rotating shaft 7-13 for adjusting, and the left second adjusting plate 7-10 can be rotated around the middle rotating shaft 7-14 for adjusting, so as to ensure that the soil is accurately covered on the left seeding row. The right second adjusting plate 7-11 can be rotated around the middle rotating shaft 7-14 for adjusting, and the right first adjusting plate 7-12 can be rotated around the right rotating shaft 7-15 for adjusting, so as to ensure that the soil is accurately covered on the right seeding row. The number of adjusting plates can be determined according to the number of rows of seeds planted at one time. The distance between the openings of the adjusting plates can be determined according to the distance between the seeding rows. The lower edge of the soil chute 7-7 is close to the ground, so as to prevent the soil from not being accurately covered on the seeding row due to uneven ground and machine vibration.

[0117] It is worth mentioning that the adjusting plates are locked in position after being rotated and adjusted.

[0118] The power unit includes a main gearbox 1-5 fixedly connected to the rotary tillage part frame 1-2. The main gearbox 1-5 has a power input shaft connected to the power system of the seeding machine, and has two power output shafts.

[0119] The soil covering transmission system 11 includes a first-stage transmission chain 11-1, a bridge transmission shaft 11-2, and a second-stage transmission chain 11-3 connected in sequence. The first-stage transmission chain 11-1, the bridge transmission shaft 11-2, and the second-stage transmission chain 11-3 are connected in sequence, so that the main shaft 7-3 of the conveying belt mechanism is driven to rotate, and the conveying belt 7-5 is driven to move from front to back and from low end to high end.

[0120] The first-stage transmission chain 11-1 is connected with two first-stage transmission sprockets, which are respectively sleeved on one power output shaft of the main gearbox 1-5 and one end of the bridge transmission shaft 11-2. The bridge transmission shaft 11-2 is rotatably connected to the rotary tillage part frame 1-2.

[0121] The second-stage transmission chain 11-3 is connected with two second-stage transmission sprockets, which are respectively sleeved on the other end of the bridge transmission shaft 11-2 and one end of the main shaft 7-3.

[0122] The device further includes a side gearbox 1-6 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the side plate.

[0123] The rotary tiller comprises a rotary tiller shaft 1-3 horizontally extending in the left-right direction, and a plurality of rotary tillers 1-4 fixedly connected to the rotary tiller shaft 1-3 in the axial and circumferential directions. The rotary tiller shaft 1-3 is a through shaft, so as to facilitate the rotary tillage and pulverization of the soil in the working width, and facilitate the throwing of the soil through the openings in the ridge shaping plate 1-7 to the main covering device 7.

[0124] The other power output shaft of the main gearbox 1-5 is in transmission connection with the power input end of the side gearbox 1-6, and the power output end of the side gearbox 1-6 is in transmission connection with the rotary tiller shaft 1-3.

[0125] Therefore, in the embodiment, the main gearbox 1-5 can simultaneously transmit power to the rotary tiller and the rear conveying belt mechanism, and the rotary tiller and the conveying action of the conveying belt mechanism can form a synchronous effect.

[0126] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "front", "rear", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application; in the present application, it should be noted that the terms "mounting", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrally connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate connecting part, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0127] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and therefore all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present application, and any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0128] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution, and the description manner of the specification is only for the sake of clarity, those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand.

Claims

1. A peanut seeding machine suitable for uneven and heavy soil conditions in hilly areas, characterized in that, The device comprises a ridge forming and soil placing device (1), a film covering device (2), a film spreading device (3), a seed metering device (4), a seed metering lower limiting device (5), a film edge soil placing device (6), a main soil placing device (7), a seed box mounting frame (8), a seed box (9), and a seed tube (10); The ridge forming and soil placing device (1) is fixed with a pair of rear hanging beams (1-8) extending horizontally and distributed left and right, and the main soil placing device (7) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the ridge forming and soil placing device (1) and located between the two rear hanging beams (1-8); The film covering device (2) comprises: A circular tube-shaped film covering roller (2-7) for sleeving a film roll; A pair of left and right distributed hooks (2-6), both ends of the film covering roller (2-7) are detachably hung with two hooks (2-6) and movably connected with the hooks (2-6), the hooks (2-6) comprise: a hook-shaped main hook body (2-6-3) for hooking the film covering roller (2-7); a semicircular ring (2-6-1) with a concave arc surface upward and supporting the film covering roller (2-7); and a semicircular sealing plate (2-6-2) fixed on the semicircular ring (2-6-1) for limiting the axial position of the film covering roller (2-7); A pair of film adjusting parts corresponding to and connected with the hooks (2-6), the hooks (2-6) are adjustably connected to the rear hanging beams (1-8) through the film adjusting parts; A pair of film limiting rings (2-8) adjustably sleeving the film covering roller (2-7), the film roll is limited between the two film limiting rings (2-8); The film spreading device (3) is located behind the film covering device (2) and comprises: A pair of left and right distributed film spreading wheels (3-9) rotatably arranged and elastically movable up and down, the film spreading wheels (3-9) are used for tensioning and pressing the film in the left and right directions on the ground surface; A pair of left and right distributed film spreading adjusting parts corresponding to and connected with the film spreading wheels (3-9), the film spreading adjusting parts have adjusting degrees of freedom in up and down, front and back, and left and right, and the film spreading wheels (3-9) are adjustably connected to the rear hanging beams (1-8) through the film spreading adjusting parts; The film edge soil placing device (6), the seed metering lower limiting device (5), and the seed metering device (4) are adjustably connected to the two rear hanging beams (1-8), the seed metering lower limiting device (5) is used for limiting the height position of the seed metering device (4), the seed box (9) is fixedly connected to the rear hanging beams (1-8) through the seed box mounting frame (8), and the seed box (9) is connected to the seed metering device (4) through the seed tube (10); The ridge forming and soil placing device (1) comprises a rotary tiller frame (1-2), a rotary tiller, a ridge shaping plate (1-7), a soil blocking member (1-9), and a soil placing amount adjusting mechanism (1-10), and the rotary tiller is arranged in a rotary tiller cavity. The ridge shaping plate (1-7) comprises a shaping part and a vertical plate part fixedly connected as a whole; a rectangular opening in communication with the cavity of the rotary tiller is formed on the upper side of the vertical plate part, the length direction of the opening is perpendicular to the driving direction; the opening serves as a channel for soil from the ridge soil device (1) to the main soil covering device (7); the soil blocking part (1-9) comprises an adjustable plate (1-9-2) adjustably connected to the rotary tiller frame (1-2), and the adjustable plate (1-9-2) is used to adjust the size of the through surface of the opening; The soil covering amount adjusting mechanism (1-10) comprises a rotary adjusting shaft (1-10-2) adjustably connected to the side plate, and a rebounding surface plate (1-10-1) fixed to the rotary adjusting shaft (1-10-2), the rebounding surface plate (1-10-1) is located in the cavity of the rotary tiller, the position of the rebounding surface plate (1-10-1) is higher than the opening and is obliquely opposite to the opening at an adjustable angle, and the rebounding surface plate (1-10-1) is used to rebound the soil thrown by the rotary tiller to the opening and make the rebounded soil penetrate through the opening backward; The main soil covering device (7) comprises a conveying belt mechanism and a soil chute (7-7), the conveying belt mechanism is used to convey the soil thrown backward by the rotary tiller part to the soil chute (7-7), and the soil chute (7-7) is used to guide the soil conveyed by the conveying belt mechanism downward and cover the soil on the ground; The width of the opening is smaller than the width of the cavity of the rotary tiller, and the opening is arranged centrally relative to the cavity of the rotary tiller; the width of the conveying belt (7-5) in the conveying belt mechanism is 2-4 cm wider than the width of the opening; the inner cavity of the soil chute (7-7) is provided with a soil uniformity adjusting plate (7-8) for ensuring that the soil covering amounts on the left and right sides are equal, and a left first adjusting plate (7-9), a left second adjusting plate (7-10), a right first adjusting plate (7-12) and a right second adjusting plate (7-11); the left first adjusting plate (7-9) and the left second adjusting plate (7-10) form a left soil covering channel, and the right first adjusting plate (7-12) and the right second adjusting plate (7-11) form a right soil covering channel.

2. The peanut seeding machine suitable for uneven and heavy soil conditions in hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The part of the main hook body (2-6-3) in contact with the film roller (2-7) is provided as a circular arc surface.

3. The peanut seeding machine suitable for uneven and heavy soil conditions in hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film spreading device (3) is divided into two units arranged symmetrically left and right, each unit comprises the film spreading wheel (3-9) and a film spreading adjusting part, and further comprises: a vertical adjusting pipe (3-5) connected with the film spreading adjusting part; an inclined swing plate (3-7), the upper end of the swing plate (3-7) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the vertical adjusting pipe (3-5) through a rotating shaft (3-8), and the film spreading wheel (3-9) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the swing plate (3-7); a compression spring mounting rod (3-10), the lower end of the compression spring mounting rod (3-10) is connected to the swing plate (3-7), the vertical adjusting pipe (3-5) is fixedly connected with a compression spring limiting plate (3-6), the compression spring mounting rod (3-10) penetrates upward through the compression spring limiting plate (3-6), and a limiting nut is sleeved on the part of the compression spring mounting rod (3-10) beyond the compression spring limiting plate (3-6). The compression spring (3-11) as the elastic element is sleeved on the compression spring mounting rod (3-10), the lower end of the compression spring (3-11) abuts against the limiting flange of the compression spring mounting rod (3-10), and the upper end of the compression spring (3-11) abuts against the compression spring limiting plate (3-6).

4. The peanut seeding machine suitable for uneven and heavy soil conditions in hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed metering device (4) comprises: a pair of left and right distributed seed metering adjusting parts; a circular tube-shaped seeder swing shaft (4-8) horizontally extending along the left and right directions, both ends of the seeder swing shaft (4-8) being adjustably sleeved with circular sleeve-shaped lower sleeves (4-4), the two lower sleeves (4-4) being respectively mounted on the two rear hanging beams (1-8) through the two seed metering adjusting parts; two left and right distributed seeders (4-7) up and down rotatingly connected with the seeder swing shaft (4-8), a seeder mounting frame (4-6) being fixedly connected with a fixed part of the seeder (4-7), the seeder mounting frame (4-6) up and down rotatingly connecting the seeder swing shaft (4-8); three axial limiting rings (4-5) axially spacedly sleeved on the seeder swing shaft (4-8), the three axial limiting rings (4-5) forming two limiting areas, the seeder mounting frames (4-6) of the two seeders (4-7) being respectively in the two limiting areas; wherein, in the seeding process, a movable part of the seeder (4-7) rolls on the ground, the fixed part of each seeder (4-7) being fixed with a seed tube connector (4-9) in communication with a seed tube (10) to guide the seeds into the seeder (4-7).

5. The peanut seeding machine suitable for uneven and heavy soil conditions in hilly areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The seeder lower limiting device (5) comprises: a lower limiting rod (5-4) horizontally extending along the left and right directions and being below the seeder mounting frame (4-6), the lower limiting rod (5-4) supporting the seeder mounting frame (4-6) and limiting the seeder mounting frame (4-6) and the seeder (4-7) thereof when the seeding machine turns around and shifts between plots and in the transportation process, so that the seeder (4-7) does not scratch the ground / carriage floor; two left and right distributed lower limiting adjusting parts, the two ends of the lower limiting rod (5-4) being adjustably connected with the two rear hanging beams (1-8) through the two lower limiting adjusting parts.

6. The peanut seeding machine suitable for uneven and heavy soil conditions in hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film edge covering device (6) is divided into two units distributed on the left and right sides, each unit comprising: a film edge covering adjusting part; a vertically extending disc support rod (6-6) adjustably connected with the rear hanging beam (1-8) through the film edge covering adjusting part; a covering disc (6-7) up and down rotatingly connected with the lower end of the disc support rod (6-6) and rolling forward into the soil to a certain depth in use, the inner side of the covering disc (6-7) forming a certain angle with the trajectory line of the seeding machine in the perspective view, so as to adjust the size of the film edge covering amount.

7. The peanut seeding machine suitable for uneven and heavy soil conditions in hilly areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The film edge covering adjusting part comprises: a first adjusting tube (6-1) adjustably sleeved on the rear hanging beam (1-8); a fixed tube (6-2) fixedly connected with the lower part of the first adjusting tube (6-1); a second adjusting tube (6-3) fixedly connected with the lower end of the fixed tube (6-2); Third adjusting pipe (6-4) horizontally extending along left and right directions, the second adjusting pipe (6-3) is adjustably sleeved with the third adjusting pipe (6-4); Adjustable vertical round pipe (6-5) fixedly connected with the third adjusting pipe (6-4), the disc support rod (6-6) is cylindrical, the adjustable vertical round pipe (6-5) is adjustably sleeved with the disc support rod (6-6) and can be adjusted vertically and horizontally.

8. The peanut seeding machine suitable for uneven and heavy soil conditions in hilly areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The seed spacing adjustment part of the seed spacing device (4) comprises: The seed spacing part first adjustable pipe (4-1) is adjustably sleeved with the rear hanging beam (1-8); The seed spacing part second adjustable pipe (4-2) is fixedly connected with the seed spacing part first adjustable pipe (4-1); The seed spacing part third adjustable pipe (4-3) is fixedly connected with the lower pipe sleeve (4-4), and the seed spacing part second adjustable pipe (4-2) is adjustably sleeved with the seed spacing part third adjustable pipe (4-3); The lower limiting adjustment part of the seed spacing device lower limiting device (5) comprises: The limiting part first adjustable pipe (5-1) is adjustably sleeved with the rear hanging beam (1-8); The limiting part second adjustable pipe (5-2) is fixedly connected with the limiting part first adjustable pipe (5-1); The limiting part third adjustable pipe (5-3) is fixedly inserted with the limiting part second adjustable pipe (5-2) at the bottom, and the limiting part second adjustable pipe (5-2) is adjustably sleeved with the limiting part third adjustable pipe (5-3).

9. The peanut seeding machine suitable for uneven and heavy soil conditions in hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying belt mechanism is arranged as a whole in an inclined manner, the feeding end is the lowest end and is located at the front side, and the discharging end is the highest end and is located at the rear side; the soil sliding groove (7-7) is arranged as a whole in an inclined manner, the feeding end is the highest end and is fixedly connected with the highest end of the conveying belt mechanism, and the discharging end is the lowest end and is located at the rear side; the film coating device (2), the film spreading device (3), the seed spacing device (4), the seed spacing device lower limiting device (5), and the film edge soil covering device (6) are all located in the space below the conveying belt mechanism and the soil sliding groove (7-7); the seed spacing position of the seed spacing device (4) is located in front of the discharging end of the soil sliding groove (7-7) at the rear side.

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