A device for punching special-shaped holes in metal sheets

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of sheet metal punching, and specifically to a device for punching special-shaped holes in metal sheets. The punching device punches the sheet metal to be punched, and the punching device comprises a main body mechanism, a punching mechanism, a chamfering mechanism and a clamping movable mechanism. The main body mechanism is connected to the punching mechanism, the main body mechanism is connected to the chamfering mechanism, the main body mechanism is connected to the clamping movable mechanism, the punching mechanism is connected to the chamfering mechanism, the punching mechanism is connected to the clamping movable mechanism, the main body mechanism comprises a punching frame and a punching pressure plate, the punching frame and the punching pressure plate are fastened together, the punching frame and the punching mechanism are connected, the punching frame and the chamfering mechanism are connected, the punching pressure plate and the clamping movable mechanism are connected, and the punching frame and the clamping movable mechanism are connected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sheet metal punching, in particular to a device for punching special-shaped holes in metal sheets. Background Art

[0002] Metal sheets are widely used in various industries, such as automobile manufacturing, aerospace, electronics, architectural decoration and other fields. These industries have high demands on the processing accuracy, shape complexity and production efficiency of metal sheets. Especially in some high-end products, such as automobile body panels, aircraft structural parts, etc., various special-shaped holes are often required to be processed to meet specific functional and appearance requirements.

[0003] For the conventional punching of special-shaped holes in metal sheets, for sheets of different thicknesses, the same punching tool can punch well for normal or thin sheets, but the force may be smaller for thicker sheets, resulting in incomplete punching. After the punching is completed, there may still be adhesion between the sheet and the cut waste. At the same time, direct punching will also cause obvious deformation of the upper and lower layers. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a device for punching special-shaped holes in metal plates to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a device for punching special-shaped holes in metal sheets.

[0006] The punching device punches the sheet to be cut, and includes a main body mechanism, a punching mechanism, a chamfering mechanism and a clamping and moving mechanism. The main body mechanism is connected to the punching mechanism, the main body mechanism is connected to the chamfering mechanism, the main body mechanism is connected to the clamping and moving mechanism, the punching mechanism is connected to the chamfering mechanism, and the punching mechanism is connected to the clamping and moving mechanism.

[0007] In the punching device, the device punches the sheet to be cut into the required shape. The main mechanism serves as the basis of the entire punching device, providing support and a place for punching the sheet to be cut. The punching mechanism punches the sheet to be cut, and completes the punching of the sheet to be cut by pressing down the tool. The chamfering mechanism is used to chamfer and grind thicker sheets to be cut to reduce the deformation during punching. The clamping and moving mechanism is used to control the movement of the sheet to be cut and detect the thickness of the sheet to be cut.

[0008] Furthermore, the main mechanism includes a punching frame and a punching plate. The punching frame and the punching plate are fastened together, the punching frame and the punching mechanism are connected, the punching frame and the chamfering mechanism are connected, the punching plate and the clamping movable mechanism are connected, and the punching frame and the clamping movable mechanism are connected.

[0009] In the main mechanism, this mechanism is used to support other mechanisms. The punching frame serves as the frame of the entire punching device, and the punching mechanism, chamfering mechanism and other mechanisms are installed on it. A clamping and moving mechanism is installed on the punching plate. Through the punching plate, the clamping and moving mechanism can fix the sheet to be cut and drive the sheet to be cut to move.

[0010] Furthermore, the punching mechanism includes a punching tool, a downward pressure hydraulic cylinder, a rotating shaft, a support frame and a buckle. The punching tool is a tool with a closed ring cross-section. The two sides of the middle of the punching tool are fastened with rotating shafts. Two support frames are provided. The two support frames are rotatably connected to the two rotating shafts respectively. A support frame and a rotating shaft are fixed by buckles, and the punching tool can be replaced according to the requirements of different shapes. The ends of the two support frames away from the rotating shaft are fastened to the output end of the downward pressure hydraulic cylinder, the fixed end of the downward pressure hydraulic cylinder is fastened to the punching frame, and the support frame is fastened to the chamfering mechanism.

[0011] In the blanking mechanism, the mechanism is used to blank the sheet to be blanked. One end of the downward pressure hydraulic cylinder is tightly connected to the blanking frame, and the other end is tightly connected to the support frame. The support frame is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is also fixedly connected with a blanking tool. The downward pressure and lifting of the blanking tool can be controlled by the downward pressure and lifting of the downward pressure hydraulic cylinder to blank the sheet to be blanked. The angle of the blanking tool can also be adjusted by rotating the rotating shaft at a certain angle to adapt to different blanking needs. After the device is started, the downward pressure hydraulic cylinder is pressed down, so that the blanking tool gradually approaches the sheet to be blanked. For the sheet to be blanked with normal thickness or thinner thickness, the blanking tool continues to press down to the sheet to be blanked. The sheet material is punched and the punching is completed in one time. For thicker sheets to be cut, because the sheets are thicker, punching directly in one time may cause a large deformation of the punching edge. Therefore, the punching tool is pressed down first to perform the initial punching on the sheet to be cut. The initial punching does not need to be completely punched out. It is only necessary to punch a crack in the sheet to be cut. The crack punched in the sheet to be cut is then chamfered by the chamfering mechanism. The section of the sheet to be cut that is not needed at the crack is chamfered. After the processing is completed, the hydraulic cylinder is pressed down again, and the punching tool performs a second punching on the sheet to be cut. At this time, the punching deformation will be greatly reduced, and the punching of the sheet to be cut is completed.

[0012] Furthermore, the chamfering mechanism includes a grinding device, a fixed bracket, a propulsion hydraulic cylinder, a first drive motor and a drive ring. The grinding device is connected to the fixed bracket, a mounting groove is provided on the fixed bracket, the fixed end of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder is tightly connected to the groove wall of the fixed bracket, the output end of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder is connected to the grinding device, a protrusion is provided on the surface of the support frame, the support frame and the drive ring are slidingly connected, the fixed bracket and the drive ring are tightly connected, the support frame is tightly connected to the first drive motor through a fixed plate, the output end of the first drive motor is transmission-connected to the drive ring, the grinding device includes a grinding head and a second drive motor, the second drive motor is tightly connected to the output end of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder, the output end of the second drive motor is tightly connected to the grinding head, and the angle of the grinding head is facing the punching tool.

[0013] In the chamfering mechanism, the mechanism reduces the deformation of the thicker sheet to be cut during the punching process by chamfering the thicker sheet to be cut. The fixed bracket and the support frame are tightly connected, and the propulsion hydraulic cylinder is installed on the fixed bracket. The grinding device is driven forward by the propulsion hydraulic cylinder. After the punching tool completes the initial punching, the hydraulic cylinder is pressed down and lifted up, and the propulsion hydraulic cylinder drives the grinding device downward, so that the relative height of the grinding head is located below the punching tool. The grinding head is tilted, and its angle is such that the end faces the punched crack and is close to the output end of the second drive motor. One end of the device is facing the waste end of the sheet to be cut. After the device is started, the hydraulic cylinder is pushed forward to drive the grinding device to be pressed down, and then the second drive motor is started, driving the grinding head to rotate at high speed to grind the crack of the sheet to be cut. The first drive motor is started, so that the grinding device can move along the drive ring for grinding. After the grinding is completed, the width of the crack at the waste end becomes larger. At this time, if punching is performed again, the deformation of the sheet to be cut will be greatly reduced. The hydraulic cylinder is pushed forward to drive the grinding device back to the initial state, and the punching tool continues to punch the sheet to be cut under the action of the downward hydraulic cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, the chamfering mechanism also includes a debris cleaning device, which is connected to the punching frame. The debris cleaning device includes a fan and a guide plate. The fan and the punching frame are tightly connected, the fan outlet is tightly connected to the guide plate, and the fan outlet faces the punching pressure plate.

[0015] During the operation of the grinding device, the grinding head will generate a large amount of debris and dust when grinding the sheet to be cut. If it is not cleared in time, it will not only affect the grinding itself, the grinding accuracy and efficiency, but also may affect the subsequent punching. Therefore, it is necessary to clean the dust and debris generated during the operation of the grinding device. The fan is fixedly installed on the punching frame, and the guide plate is installed at the air outlet of the fan to guide the wind generated by the fan to blow towards the sheet to be cut. The dust and debris are cleaned when the grinding device is working.

[0016] Furthermore, the clamping moving mechanism includes a fixed frame, a reset spring, a fixed pressure plate and a visual probe. The fixed frame is connected to the reset spring, the fixed frame is connected to the fixed pressure plate, the fixed frame includes a main frame and a telescopic sub-frame, the main frame is "X"-shaped, the telescopic sub-frame is "L"-shaped, one end of the telescopic sub-frame is fastened to the reset spring, the main frame is fastened to the reset spring, four telescopic sub-frames are provided, four reset springs are provided, the four telescopic sub-frames are fastened to the four sides of the main frame through four reset springs respectively, the upper surface of the main frame is fastened to the fixed pressure plate, the punching frame is fastened to the visual probe, and the detection end of the visual probe faces the fixed frame.

[0017] In the clamping moving mechanism, the fixed frame is used to fix the sheet to be cut, and the sheet to be cut is fixed by the reset spring and the telescopic sub-frame. The fixed pressure plate is installed on the main frame to place the sheet to be cut to prevent the sheet to be cut from being placed directly on the main frame, causing uneven force during the punching process and affecting normal punching. The visual probe is fixedly installed on the punching frame to detect the thickness of the sheet to be cut. If the thickness is normal or thin, no signal is sent. If a thicker thickness is detected, the signal is transmitted to the punching mechanism and chamfering mechanism.

[0018] Furthermore, the clamping moving mechanism also includes a driving device, which is connected to the fixed frame, the driving device is connected to the lower surface of the main frame, and the driving device is connected to the punching plate. The driving device includes a driving rail and a driving block. The driving rail is tightly connected to the closed-loop slide groove of the punching plate. The driving rail is in the shape of a raised gear. The upper surface of the driving block is tightly connected to the main frame. The interior of the driving block is a hollow structure. A driving groove is provided on the lower surface of the driving block. A gear is provided in the driving block. The gear in the driving block is meshed with the driving rail through the driving groove. A servo motor is tightly connected to the interior of the driving block. The output end of the servo motor in the driving block is tightly connected to the gear.

[0019] The driving device is used to drive the sheet to be cut to move during punching, and complete multiple punching of the sheet to be cut. The top of the driving block is tightly connected to the main frame, and the lower end is engaged with the driving track through gears. The driving block is driven by a servo motor to move along the driving track. The driving block is tightly connected to the main frame, and the sheet to be cut is connected to the main frame. Therefore, when the driving block moves, it will move with the sheet to be cut, so that the sheet to be cut can be punched continuously.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: after the present invention is started, the visual probe first detects the thickness of the sheet to be cut. If it is of normal thickness or thin thickness, the hydraulic cylinder is pressed down, and the punching tool gradually approaches the sheet to be cut, and continues to press down to punch the sheet to be cut, completing the punching in one go; if it is a thicker sheet to be cut, because the sheet is thick, punching it directly in one go may cause a large deformation of the punching edge, so the punching tool is pressed down first to perform the initial punching of the sheet to be cut. The initial punching does not need to be completely punched out, and only a crack needs to be punched out of the sheet to be cut. , the downward hydraulic cylinder is slightly lifted, and the thrust hydraulic cylinder drives the grinding device to be pressed down, and then the second drive motor is started, driving the grinding head to rotate at high speed to chamfer the cracks of the sheet to be cut, and the debris cleaning device simultaneously removes the dust and debris produced by grinding. After the grinding is completed, the width of the crack at the waste end becomes larger, and then punching is performed again. The downward hydraulic cylinder is pressed down again, and the punching tool punches the sheet to be cut for the second time. At this time, the punching deformation will be greatly reduced, and the punching of the sheet to be cut is completed. During this process, the drive block will carry the sheet to be cut along the drive track to complete multiple punching. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the above and / or other advantages of the present invention will become more clear.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blanking mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the blanking mechanism and chamfering mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a top view of the clamping and moving mechanism;

[0027] Figure 6 is a side view of the clamping and moving mechanism;

[0028] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the driving device structure;

[0029] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the drive device;

[0030] In the figure: 1. sheet to be cut; 2. main body mechanism; 21. punching frame; 22. punching pressure plate; 3. punching mechanism; 31. punching tool; 32. downward pressure hydraulic cylinder; 33. rotating shaft; 34. supporting frame; 4. chamfering mechanism; 41. grinding device; 411. grinding head; 412. second driving motor; 42. fixed bracket; 43. pushing hydraulic cylinder; 44. debris cleaning device; 441. fan; 442. guide plate; 5. clamping and moving mechanism; 51. fixed frame; 511. main frame; 512. telescopic sub-frame; 52. reset spring; 53. fixed pressure plate; 54. driving device; 541. driving track; 542. driving block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0032] The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the punching device punches the sheet 1 to be cut, and the punching device includes a main body mechanism 2, a punching mechanism 3, a chamfering mechanism 4 and a clamping and moving mechanism 5. The main body mechanism 2 is connected to the punching mechanism 3, the main body mechanism 2 is connected to the chamfering mechanism 4, the main body mechanism 2 is connected to the clamping and moving mechanism 5, the punching mechanism 3 is connected to the chamfering mechanism 4, and the punching mechanism 3 is connected to the clamping and moving mechanism 5.

[0034] In the punching device, the device punches the sheet 1 to be cut into a required shape. The main body mechanism 2 serves as the basis of the entire punching device, providing support and a place for punching the sheet 1 to be cut. The punching mechanism 3 punches the sheet 1 to be cut, and completes the punching of the sheet 1 to be cut by pressing down the tool. The chamfering mechanism 4 is used to chamfer and grind the thicker sheet 1 to be cut to reduce the deformation during punching. The clamping and moving mechanism 5 is used to control the movement of the sheet 1 to be cut and detect the thickness of the sheet 1 to be cut.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the main mechanism 2 includes a punching frame 21 and a punching plate 22. The punching frame 21 and the punching plate 22 are fastened together, the punching frame 21 and the punching mechanism 3 are connected, the punching frame 21 and the chamfering mechanism 4 are connected, the punching plate 22 and the clamping movable mechanism 5 are connected, and the punching frame 21 and the clamping movable mechanism 5 are connected.

[0036] In the main mechanism 2, this mechanism is used to support other mechanisms. The punching frame 21 serves as the frame of the entire punching device, and the punching mechanism 3, chamfering mechanism 4 and other mechanisms are installed thereon. A clamping and moving mechanism 5 is installed on the punching plate 22. Through the punching plate 22, the clamping and moving mechanism 5 can fix the sheet 1 to be cut and drive the sheet 1 to be cut to move.

[0037] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the punching mechanism 3 includes a punching tool 31, a pressing hydraulic cylinder 32, a rotating shaft 33, a support frame 34 and a buckle. The punching tool 31 is a tool with a closed ring cross section. The rotating shaft 33 is fastened to both sides of the middle of the punching tool 31. Two support frames 34 are provided. The two support frames 34 are rotatably connected to the two rotating shafts 33 respectively. A support frame 34 and a rotating shaft 33 are fixed by a buckle. The ends of the two support frames 34 away from the rotating shaft 33 are fastened to the output end of the pressing hydraulic cylinder 32. The fixed end of the pressing hydraulic cylinder 32 is fastened to the punching frame 21. The support frame 34 is fastened to the chamfering mechanism 4.

[0038] In the blanking mechanism 3, the mechanism is used to blank the sheet 1 to be blanked. One end of the downward pressing hydraulic cylinder 32 is tightly connected to the blanking frame 21, and the other end is tightly connected to the support frame 34. The support frame 34 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 33. The rotating shaft 33 is also fixedly connected with a blanking tool 31. By pressing down and lifting the downward pressing hydraulic cylinder 32, the pressing and lifting of the blanking tool 31 can be controlled to blank the sheet 1 to be blanked. The angle of the blanking tool 31 can also be adjusted by rotating the rotating shaft 33 by a certain angle, so as to adapt to different blanking requirements. It is fixed by a buckle, and the blanking tool 31 can be replaced according to the requirements of different shapes. After the device is started, the downward pressing hydraulic cylinder 32 is pressed down, so that the blanking tool 31 gradually approaches the sheet 1 to be cut. For normal thickness or thicker For a thin sheet 1 to be cut, the punching tool 31 is continuously pressed down to punch the sheet 1 to be cut, and the punching is completed in one go. For a thicker sheet 1 to be cut, because the sheet is thicker, punching it directly in one go may cause a large deformation of the punching edge. Therefore, the punching tool 31 is pressed down first to perform an initial punching on the sheet 1 to be cut. The initial punching does not need to be completely punched out. It is only necessary to punch a crack in the sheet 1 to be cut. Then, the chamfering mechanism 4 is used to chamfer the crack punched out of the sheet 1 to be cut, and the section of the sheet 1 to be cut that is not needed at the crack is chamfered. After the processing is completed, the downward hydraulic cylinder 32 is pressed down again, and the punching tool 31 performs a secondary punching on the sheet 1 to be cut. At this time, the punching deformation will be greatly reduced, and the punching of the sheet 1 to be cut is completed.

[0039] like Figure 3 , 4As shown, the chamfering mechanism 4 includes a grinding device 41, a fixed bracket 42, a propulsion hydraulic cylinder 43, a first drive motor and a drive ring. The grinding device 41 is connected to the fixed bracket 42, and a mounting groove is provided on the fixed bracket 42. The fixed end of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder 43 is tightly connected to the groove wall of the fixed bracket 42, and the output end of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder 43 is connected to the grinding device 41. A protrusion is provided on the surface of the support frame 34, the support frame 34 is slidably connected to the drive ring, the fixed bracket 42 is tightly connected to the drive ring, the support frame 34 is tightly connected to the first drive motor through a fixed plate, and the output end of the first drive motor is transmission-connected to the drive ring. The grinding device 41 includes a grinding head 411 and a second drive motor 412. The second drive motor 412 is tightly connected to the output end of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder 43, and the output end of the second drive motor 412 is tightly connected to the grinding head 411, and the angle of the grinding head 411 is toward the punching tool 31.

[0040] In the chamfering mechanism 4, the mechanism reduces the deformation of the thicker sheet 1 to be cut during the punching process by chamfering the thicker sheet 1 to be cut. The fixed bracket 42 and the support bracket 34 are fastened together, and the thrust hydraulic cylinder 43 is installed on the fixed bracket 42. The grinding device 41 is driven forward by the thrust hydraulic cylinder 43. After the punching tool 31 completes the initial punching, the hydraulic cylinder 32 is pressed down and lifted, and the thrust hydraulic cylinder 43 drives the grinding device 41 to move downward, so that the relative height of the grinding head 411 is located below the punching tool 31. The grinding head 411 is tilted, and its angle is such that the end faces the punched crack, close to the second drive motor 4. One end of the output end 12 is facing the waste end of the sheet 1 to be cut. After the device is started, the hydraulic cylinder 43 is pushed forward to drive the grinding device 41 to be pressed down, and then the second drive motor 412 is started, driving the grinding head 411 to rotate at high speed to grind the crack of the sheet 1 to be cut. The first drive motor is started, so that the grinding device 41 can move along the drive ring for grinding. After the grinding is completed, the width of the crack at the waste end becomes larger. At this time, if punching is performed again, the deformation of the sheet 1 to be cut will be greatly reduced. The hydraulic cylinder 43 is pushed forward to drive the grinding device 41 back to the initial state, and the punching tool 31 continues to punch the sheet 1 to be cut under the action of the downward hydraulic cylinder 32.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the chamfering mechanism 4 also includes a debris cleaning device 44, which is connected to the punching frame 21. The debris cleaning device 44 includes a fan 441 and a guide plate 442. The fan 441 is firmly connected to the punching frame 21, and the air outlet of the fan 441 is firmly connected to the guide plate 442. The air outlet of the fan 441 faces the punching plate 22.

[0042] During the operation of the grinding device 41, the grinding head 411 will generate a large amount of debris and dust when grinding the sheet 1 to be cut. If it is not cleaned in time, it will not only affect the grinding itself, affect the grinding accuracy and efficiency, but may also affect the subsequent punching. Therefore, it is necessary to clean the dust and debris generated during the operation of the grinding device 41. The fan 441 is fixedly installed on the punching frame 21, and the guide plate 442 is installed at the air outlet of the fan 441 to guide the wind generated by the fan 441 to blow it towards the sheet 1 to be cut, and clean the dust and debris when the grinding device 41 is working.

[0043] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown, the clamping moving mechanism 5 includes a fixed frame 51, a reset spring 52, a fixed pressure plate 53 and a visual probe. The fixed frame 51 is connected to the reset spring 52, and the fixed frame 51 is connected to the fixed pressure plate 53. The fixed frame 51 includes a main frame 511 and a telescopic sub-frame 512. The main frame 511 is "X"-shaped, and the telescopic sub-frame 512 is "L"-shaped. One end of the telescopic sub-frame 512 is fastened to the reset spring 52. The main frame 511 is fastened to the reset spring 52. Four telescopic sub-frames 512 are provided. Four reset springs 52 are provided. The four telescopic sub-frames 512 are fastened to the four sides of the main frame 511 through four reset springs 52 respectively. The upper surface of the main frame 511 is fastened to the fixed pressure plate 53. The punching frame 21 is fastened to the visual probe, and the detection end of the visual probe faces the fixed frame 51.

[0044] In the clamping moving mechanism 5, the fixed frame 51 is used to fix the sheet 1 to be cut, and the sheet 1 to be cut is fixed by the reset spring 52 and the telescopic sub-frame 512. The fixed pressure plate 53 is installed on the main frame 511, and is used to place the sheet 1 to be cut to prevent the sheet 1 to be cut from being directly placed on the main frame 511, causing uneven force during the punching process and affecting normal punching. The visual probe is fixedly installed on the punching frame 21, and is used to detect the thickness of the sheet 1 to be cut. If the thickness is normal or thin, no signal is sent. If a thicker thickness is detected, the signal is transmitted to the punching mechanism 3 and the chamfering mechanism 4.

[0045] like Figure 7 , 8As shown, the clamping moving mechanism 5 also includes a driving device 54, which is connected to the fixed frame 51, the driving device 54 is connected to the lower surface of the main frame 511, and the driving device 54 is connected to the punching plate 22. The driving device 54 includes a driving rail 541 and a driving block 542. The driving rail 541 and the punching plate 22 are fastened together in a closed-loop slide groove. The driving rail 541 is in the shape of a raised gear. The upper surface of the driving block 542 is fastened together with the main frame 511. The interior of the driving block 542 is a hollow structure. The lower surface of the driving block 542 is provided with a driving groove. The driving block 542 is provided with a gear. The gear inside the driving block 542 is meshed with the driving rail 541 through the driving groove. The driving block 542 is fastened with a servo motor, and the output end of the servo motor inside the driving block 542 is fastened to the gear.

[0046] The driving device 54 is used to drive the sheet 1 to be cut to move during punching, so as to complete multiple punching of the sheet 1 to be cut. The top of the driving block 542 is tightly connected to the main frame 511, and the lower end is meshed with the driving track 541 through gears. The driving block 542 is driven by a servo motor to move along the driving track 541. The driving block 542 is tightly connected to the main frame 511, and the sheet 1 to be cut is connected to the main frame 511. Therefore, when the driving block 542 moves, it will move with the sheet 1 to be cut, so that the sheet 1 to be cut can be punched continuously.

[0047] Working principle of the present invention: After the present invention is started, the visual probe first detects the thickness of the sheet 1 to be cut. If it is of normal thickness or thin thickness, the downward pressure hydraulic cylinder 32 is pressed down, and the punching tool 31 gradually approaches the sheet 1 to be cut, and continues to press down to punch the sheet 1 to be cut, and the punching is completed in one time; if it is a thicker sheet 1 to be cut, because the sheet is thick, directly punching it in one time may cause a large deformation of the punching edge, so the punching tool 31 is pressed down first to perform the initial punching of the sheet 1 to be cut. The initial punching does not need to be completely punched out, and only a crack needs to be punched out of the sheet 1 to be cut. The downward pressure hydraulic cylinder 32 is slightly lifted, and the push The hydraulic cylinder 43 drives the grinding device 41 to be pressed down, and then the second driving motor 412 is started, driving the grinding head 411 to rotate at high speed to chamfer the crack of the sheet 1 to be cut, and the debris cleaning device 44 simultaneously removes the dust and debris produced by grinding. After the grinding is completed, the width of the crack at the waste end becomes larger. At this time, punching is performed again, and the downward hydraulic cylinder 32 is pressed down again. The punching tool 31 punches the sheet 1 to be cut for the second time. At this time, the punching deformation will be greatly reduced, and the punching of the sheet 1 to be cut is completed. During this process, the driving block 542 will drive the sheet 1 to be cut along the driving track 541 to complete multiple punching.

[0048] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A device for punching special-shaped holes in a metal sheet, the device punching a sheet to be punched (1), characterized in that: The punching device comprises a main body mechanism (2), a punching mechanism (3), a chamfering mechanism (4) and a clamping and moving mechanism (5); the main body mechanism (2) is connected to the punching mechanism (3), the main body mechanism (2) is connected to the chamfering mechanism (4), the main body mechanism (2) is connected to the clamping and moving mechanism (5), the punching mechanism (3) is connected to the chamfering mechanism (4), and the punching mechanism (3) is connected to the clamping and moving mechanism (5); The main body mechanism (2) comprises a punching frame (21) and a punching plate (22); the punching frame (21) and the punching plate (22) are fastened together; the punching frame (21) and the punching mechanism (3) are connected; a closed-loop slide groove is provided on the upper surface of the punching plate (22); the punching frame (21) and the chamfering mechanism (4) are connected; the punching frame (21) and the clamping and moving mechanism (5) are connected; and the punching plate (22) and the clamping and moving mechanism (5) are connected; The punching mechanism (3) comprises a punching tool (31), a downward pressure hydraulic cylinder (32), a rotating shaft (33), a support frame (34) and a buckle. The punching tool (31) is a tool with a closed ring cross section. The middle of the punching tool (31) is fastened with the rotating shaft (33) on both sides. Two support frames (34) are provided. The two support frames (34) are rotatably connected to the two rotating shafts (33) respectively. One support frame (34) and a rotating shaft (33) are fixed by a buckle. One end of the two support frames (34) away from the rotating shaft (33) is fastened to the output end of the downward pressure hydraulic cylinder (32). The fixed end of the downward pressure hydraulic cylinder (32) is fastened to the punching frame (21). The support frame (34) is fastened to the chamfering mechanism (4). The chamfering mechanism (4) comprises a grinding device (41), a fixed bracket (42), a propulsion hydraulic cylinder (43), a first drive motor and a drive ring; the grinding device (41) is connected to the fixed bracket (42); a mounting groove is provided on the fixed bracket (42); a fixed end of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder (43) is tightly connected to a groove wall of the fixed bracket (42); an output end of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder (43) is connected to the grinding device (41); a protrusion is provided on the surface of the support bracket (34); the support bracket (34) is slidably connected to the drive ring; The fixed bracket (42) is tightly connected to the drive ring, the support frame (34) is tightly connected to the first drive motor via a fixed plate, the output end of the first drive motor is transmission-connected to the drive ring, the grinding device (41) comprises a grinding head (411), a second drive motor (412), the second drive motor (412) is tightly connected to the output end of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder (43), the output end of the second drive motor (412) is tightly connected to the grinding head (411), and the grinding head (411) is oriented toward the punching tool (31).

2. The device for punching special-shaped holes in metal sheets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chamfering mechanism (4) further comprises a debris cleaning device (44), the debris cleaning device (44) being connected to the punching frame (21), the debris cleaning device (44) comprising a fan (441) and a guide plate (442), the fan (441) being tightly connected to the punching frame (21), the air outlet of the fan (441) being tightly connected to the guide plate (442), and the air outlet of the fan (441) facing the punching plate (22).

3. The device for punching special-shaped holes in metal sheets according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping and moving mechanism (5) comprises a fixed frame (51), a return spring (52), a fixed pressure plate (53) and a visual probe, wherein the fixed frame (51) is connected to the return spring (52), the fixed frame (51) is connected to the fixed pressure plate (53), the fixed frame (51) comprises a main frame (511) and a telescopic sub-frame (512), the main frame (511) is in an "X" shape, the telescopic sub-frame (512) is in an "L" shape, and one end of the telescopic sub-frame (512) is connected to the return spring (52). ) are fastened together, the main frame (511) and the return spring (52) are fastened together, four telescopic sub-frames (512) are provided, four return springs (52) are provided, the four telescopic sub-frames (512) are fastened together with the four sides of the main frame (511) respectively through the four return springs (52), the upper surface of the main frame (511) is fastened together with the fixed pressure plate (53), the punching stand (21) and the visual probe are fastened together, and the detection end of the visual probe faces the fixed frame (51).

4. The device for punching special-shaped holes in metal sheets according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping and moving mechanism (5) further comprises a driving device (54), the driving device (54) being connected to the fixed frame (51), the driving device (54) being connected to the lower surface of the main frame (511), the driving device (54) being connected to the punching and pressing plate (22), the driving device (54) comprising a driving rail (541) and a driving block (542), the driving rail (541) being fastened to the punching and pressing plate (22) via a closed-loop sliding groove, and the driving rail (541) being provided with a convex The drive block (542) is in the shape of a gear, the upper surface of the drive block (542) is tightly connected to the main frame (511), the interior of the drive block (542) is a hollow structure, the lower surface of the drive block (542) is provided with a drive groove, a gear is provided inside the drive block (542), the gear inside the drive block (542) is meshed with the drive track (541) through the drive groove, a servo motor is tightly connected inside the drive block (542), and the output end of the servo motor inside the drive block (542) is tightly connected to the gear.

Images