A solar panel angle adjustment system for sun tracking

Abstract

The present invention provides a solar panel angle adjustment system for sun tracking, which relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation and comprises: a meteorological acquisition module, which is used for acquiring meteorological information of an environment where a solar panel is located; an azimuth determination module, which is used for acquiring solar angle information, and judging whether to perform azimuth calculation based on the meteorological information of the environment where the solar panel is located; if it is determined to perform azimuth calculation, an azimuth calculation mode is determined based on the meteorological information of the environment where the solar panel is located, and real-time solar azimuth is calculated in combination with solar angle information collected by an azimuth measurement unit; a temperature acquisition module, which is used for collecting real-time temperature of a solar panel; and an angle adjustment module, which is used for adjusting the posture of a solar panel based on the real-time solar azimuth and the real-time temperature of the solar panel according to a gradient cycle adjustment algorithm, and has the advantage of realizing high-efficiency and low-cost control of solar panels for sun tracking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to a solar panel angle adjustment system for sun tracking. Background Art

[0002] A solar panel is a device that converts solar energy into electrical energy. Its power generation efficiency and stability are affected by the incident angle and intensity of sunlight. Traditional solar panels are fixedly installed and cannot achieve direct sunlight, resulting in low light energy utilization. The power generation is affected by factors such as the angle of sunlight and weather, and is highly volatile and unstable. In order to improve the power generation efficiency and stability of solar panels, make full use of solar energy resources, reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution, and promote the development of renewable energy, various solar tracking systems have been studied to enable solar panels to automatically adjust their angles as the sun moves, always facing the direction of the strongest light.

[0003] The tracking of the apparent motion of the sun involves astronomical algorithms and satellite data. It is usually based on the Earth's revolution, rotation, tilt angle, and the position of the sun on the celestial sphere. The position of the sun is calculated to determine its altitude and azimuth. However, the angle measurement method in the tracking of the apparent motion of the sun requires high hardware costs and complex algorithms, making it difficult to promote and apply on a large scale.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a solar panel angle adjustment system for sun tracking, which is used to achieve high efficiency and low cost control of the solar panel for sun tracking. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a solar panel angle adjustment system for sun tracking, comprising: a meteorological acquisition module, used for acquiring meteorological information of an environment where a solar panel is located; an azimuth determination module, comprising an azimuth measurement unit and an azimuth determination unit, wherein the azimuth measurement unit is used for acquiring solar angle information, and the azimuth determination unit is used for judging whether to perform azimuth calculation based on the meteorological information of the environment where the solar panel is located; if it is determined to perform azimuth calculation, an azimuth calculation mode is determined based on the meteorological information of the environment where the solar panel is located, and a real-time solar azimuth is calculated based on the azimuth calculation mode and the solar angle information collected by the azimuth measurement unit; a temperature acquisition module, used for collecting the real-time temperature of the solar panel; and an angle adjustment module, used for adjusting the posture of the solar panel based on the real-time solar azimuth and the real-time temperature of the solar panel according to a gradient cycle adjustment algorithm.

[0006] Further, the azimuth measurement unit includes a disk surface connected to one side of the solar panel, the disk surface is parallel to the solar panel, a center disk needle is vertically arranged on the disk surface, a plurality of concentric circles are arranged on the disk surface, the center disk needle is located at the center of the concentric circles, and a plurality of light sensing components are evenly arranged on each of the concentric circles, wherein the light sensing components include photoresistors, and the plurality of light sensing components arranged on each of the concentric circles include a calibrated light sensing component and a plurality of sensing light sensing components, the calibrated light sensing components arranged on the plurality of concentric circles are located on the same straight line, and the solar angle information includes voltage signals output by the plurality of light sensing components arranged on each of the concentric circles.

[0007] Further, the azimuth determination module determines an azimuth calculation mode based on the meteorological information of the environment in which the solar panel is located, and calculates the real-time solar azimuth based on the azimuth calculation mode and the solar angle information collected by the azimuth measurement unit, including: determining the azimuth calculation mode based on the meteorological information of the environment in which the solar panel is located, wherein the azimuth calculation mode is a simulation amplification mode and a normal mode; when the azimuth calculation mode is the simulation amplification mode, the real-time solar azimuth is calculated after analog amplification of the voltage signals output by the multiple light sensing components arranged on each of the concentric circles; when the azimuth calculation mode is the normal mode, the real-time solar azimuth is calculated based on the voltage signals output by the multiple light sensing components arranged on each of the concentric circles.

[0008] Further, the azimuth determination unit is used to calculate the real-time solar azimuth based on the voltage signals output by the multiple light sensing components arranged on each of the concentric circles, including: calculating the average voltage based on the voltage signals output by the multiple light sensing components arranged on each of the concentric circles; determining the perceived light sensing components blocked by the projection based on the average voltage and the voltage signal output by each perceived light sensing component, and determining the target perceived light sensing component from the perceived light sensing components blocked by the projection according to the concentric circles where each perceived light sensing component blocked by the projection is located; determining the calibrated light sensing component corresponding to the target perceived light sensing component according to the concentric circles where the target perceived light sensing component is located; calculating the real-time solar azimuth based on the radius of the concentric circle where the target perceived light sensing component is located, the height of the center disk needle, and the straight-line distance between the calibrated light sensing component corresponding to the target perceived light sensing component and the target perceived light sensing component, wherein the real-time solar azimuth includes the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle.

[0009] Furthermore, the azimuth determining unit calculates the solar azimuth according to the following formula:

[0010] ,

[0011] in, is the solar azimuth, is the straight-line distance between the calibration light sensing component corresponding to the target-sensing light sensing component and the target-sensing light sensing component, is the radius of the concentric circle where the target light sensing component is located, is the inverse cosine function.

[0012] Furthermore, the azimuth determination unit calculates the solar altitude angle according to the following formula:

[0013] ,

[0014] in, is the solar altitude angle, is the height of the center disk needle, is the radius of the concentric circle where the target light sensing component is located, is the inverse tangent function.

[0015] Furthermore, the angle adjustment module includes an angle adjustment component and an adjustment control component, and the solar panel is arranged on the angle adjustment component; the angle adjustment component includes a fixed base, a chassis, a support rod, a mounting panel, a rotation drive device and a flip drive device, the support rod is arranged on the chassis, the solar panel is installed on the mounting panel, the rotation drive device is arranged on the fixed base, the chassis is arranged on the rotation drive device, the rotation drive device is used to drive the solar panel to rotate left and right, the flip drive device is arranged on the support rod, the mounting panel is arranged on the flip drive device, and the flip drive device is used to drive the solar panel to rotate forward and backward; the adjustment control component is used to control the rotation drive device and the flip drive device to adjust the posture of the solar angle information based on the real-time solar position and the real-time temperature of the solar panel according to the gradient cycle adjustment algorithm.

[0016] Further, the angle adjustment module adjusts the posture of the solar panel based on the real-time solar position and the real-time temperature of the solar panel according to a gradient cycle adjustment algorithm, including: determining the optimal posture of the solar panel based on the real-time solar position; adjusting the solar panel to the optimal posture; acquiring the real-time temperature of the solar panel at the optimal posture; judging whether to perform an overheating posture adjustment based on the real-time temperature of the solar panel at the optimal posture; if it is determined that an overheating posture adjustment is to be performed, adjusting the posture of the solar panel according to the gradient cycle adjustment method.

[0017] Furthermore, the angle adjustment module adjusts the solar panel to an optimal posture, including: calculating a posture difference between a real-time posture of the solar panel and an optimal posture; and adjusting the solar panel to an optimal posture based on the posture difference according to a serial discretized incremental PID angle posture adjustment algorithm.

[0018] Further, the angle adjustment module adjusts the posture of the solar panel according to the gradient cycle adjustment method, including: S11, obtaining the real-time temperature of the solar panel before adjusting to the optimal posture and the real-time temperature after adjusting to the optimal posture, calculating the temperature difference, obtaining the posture of the solar panel before adjusting to the optimal posture and the optimal posture, and calculating the posture difference; S12, calculating the posture gradient based on the temperature difference and the posture difference; S13, calculating a new posture according to the number of cycles and the posture gradient; S14, adjusting the solar panel to the new posture; S15, obtaining the real-time temperature of the solar panel after adjusting to the new posture; S16, judging whether the real-time temperature of the solar panel after adjusting to the new posture is greater than the temperature threshold, if so, executing S13, if not, completing the posture adjustment.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the solar panel angle adjustment system for sun tracking provided by the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The meteorological acquisition module can monitor the meteorological conditions of the environment in which the solar panel is located in real time, such as light intensity, wind direction, wind speed, temperature, etc. This information is crucial for optimizing the operation of the solar panel because it directly affects the power generation efficiency and life of the solar panel. The azimuth determination module obtains the sun angle information through the azimuth measurement unit and determines whether the azimuth calculation is required in combination with the meteorological information. This intelligent judgment mechanism can ensure that the solar panel is always facing the best position of the sun, thereby maximizing the light receiving area and improving the power generation efficiency. At the same time, different azimuth calculation modes may need to be adopted under different meteorological conditions to adapt to the changing light conditions. The temperature acquisition module can monitor the temperature of the solar panel in real time to prevent it from being damaged or reducing the power generation efficiency due to overheating. When the temperature exceeds the preset threshold, the angle adjustment module can adjust the posture of the solar panel according to the gradient cycle adjustment algorithm to change the angle at which it receives light, thereby reducing the temperature. This automatic adjustment mechanism helps to keep the solar panel operating within the optimal operating temperature range and extend its service life. By integrating the above modules, it can sense and respond to environmental changes in real time and automatically adjust its working state to adapt to different meteorological conditions. This intelligent design not only improves the power generation efficiency of the system, but also enhances its stability and reliability, and reduces the failure rate and maintenance costs caused by environmental changes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] This specification will be further described in the form of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail by the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not restrictive, and in these embodiments, the same number represents the same structure, wherein:

[0022] Figure 1 is a module schematic diagram of a solar panel angle adjustment system for sun tracking according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an orientation measurement unit according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an angle adjustment assembly according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of adjusting the posture of a solar panel according to a gradient cycle adjustment method shown in some embodiments of this specification.

[0026] In the figure, 10, orientation measurement unit; 11, disk surface; 12, center disk needle; 13, concentric circles; 14, calibration light sensing component; 15, sensing light sensing component; 16, fixed base; 17, chassis; 18, support rod; 19, installation panel; 20, rotation drive device; 21, flip drive device; 22, solar panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some examples or embodiments of this specification. For ordinary technicians in this field, this specification can also be applied to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without creative work. Unless it is obvious from the language environment or otherwise explained, the same reference numerals in the figures represent the same structure or operation.

[0028] Figure 1 is a module schematic diagram of a solar panel angle adjustment system for sun tracking according to some embodiments of this specification, such as Figure 1 As shown, a solar panel angle adjustment system for sun tracking may include a meteorological acquisition module, an azimuth determination module, a temperature acquisition module and an angle adjustment module.

[0029] The weather acquisition module can be used to acquire weather information of the environment where the solar panel 22 is located.

[0030] Specifically, the weather acquisition module can obtain weather information of the environment where the solar panel 22 is located from the weather forecast platform, or a variety of weather sensors can be set to obtain weather information (such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, etc.) of the environment where the solar panel 22 is located.

[0031] The orientation determination module may include an orientation measurement unit 10 and an orientation determination unit.

[0032] The azimuth measurement unit 10 is used to obtain sun angle information.

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the azimuth measurement unit 10 according to some embodiments of this specification, such as Figure 2 As shown, preferably, the azimuth measurement unit 10 includes a disk surface 11 connected to one side of the solar panel 22, the disk surface 11 is parallel to the solar panel 22, a center disk needle 12 is vertically arranged on the disk surface 11, a plurality of concentric circles 13 are arranged on the disk surface 11, the center disk needle 12 is located at the center of the concentric circles 13, and a plurality of light sensing components are evenly arranged on each concentric circle 13, wherein the light sensing component includes a photoresistor, and the plurality of light sensing components arranged on each concentric circle 13 include a calibrated light sensing component 14 and a plurality of sensing light sensing components 15, the calibrated light sensing components 14 arranged on the plurality of concentric circles 13 are located on the same straight line, and the solar angle information includes voltage signals output by the plurality of light sensing components arranged on each concentric circle 13.

[0034] Specifically, when the disk surface 11 and the solar cell panel 22 are not facing the sun, the projection of the central disk needle 12 will block part of the light sensing components, resulting in different output voltages of the multiple light sensing components.

[0035] The azimuth determination unit is used to determine whether to perform azimuth calculation based on the meteorological information of the environment in which the solar panel 22 is located. If it is determined to perform azimuth calculation, the azimuth calculation mode is determined based on the meteorological information of the environment in which the solar panel 22 is located, and the real-time solar azimuth is calculated based on the azimuth calculation mode and the solar angle information collected by the azimuth measurement unit 10.

[0036] Specifically, the azimuth determination unit can determine the current weather conditions according to the meteorological information of the environment where the solar panel 22 is located. If it is cloudy, rainy, or snowy, the sun tracking efficiency is not high, and it is determined not to perform azimuth calculation.

[0037] Preferably, the orientation determination unit may first calculate a first solar tracking benefit value based on the meteorological information of the environment in which the solar panel 22 is located, and then calculate a second solar tracking benefit value based on the voltage signals output by multiple light sensing components arranged on each concentric circle 13 at multiple time points, and calculate a comprehensive solar tracking benefit value based on a weighted sum of the first solar tracking benefit value and the second solar tracking benefit value. When the comprehensive solar tracking benefit value is less than a comprehensive solar tracking benefit value threshold, it is determined that no orientation calculation is performed.

[0038] The first sun tracking revenue value may be calculated according to the meteorological information of the environment in which the solar panel 22 is located by a revenue prediction model, wherein the revenue prediction model may be a long short-term memory network (LSTM, Long Short-Term Memory) model.

[0039] For each time point, the voltage standard deviation and voltage mean corresponding to the time point can be calculated based on the voltage signals output by the multiple light sensing components arranged on each concentric circle 13 at the time point. The voltage mean corresponding to each time point is averaged to obtain a comprehensive voltage mean. The voltage standard deviation corresponding to each time point is averaged to obtain a comprehensive voltage standard deviation mean. Based on the comprehensive voltage mean and the comprehensive voltage standard deviation mean, the second daily tracking return value is calculated.

[0040] The second day trailing return value can be calculated based on the following formula:

[0041] ,

[0042] in, is the second day’s trailing return value, is the comprehensive voltage mean, is the preset comprehensive voltage mean value, is the mean of the comprehensive voltage standard deviation, is the preset comprehensive voltage standard deviation mean.

[0043] Preferably, the azimuth determination module determines the azimuth calculation mode based on the meteorological information of the environment in which the solar panel 22 is located, and calculates the real-time solar azimuth based on the azimuth calculation mode and the solar angle information collected by the azimuth measurement unit 10, including:

[0044] Based on the meteorological information of the environment in which the solar panel 22 is located, the azimuth calculation mode is determined, wherein the azimuth calculation mode is a simulation amplification mode and a normal mode. Specifically, if the weather is clear, the azimuth calculation mode is a normal model; if the weather is cloudy, the azimuth calculation mode is a simulation amplification mode;

[0045] When the azimuth calculation mode is the analog amplification mode, the voltage signals output by the multiple light sensing components arranged on each concentric circle 13 are analog amplified to calculate the real-time sun azimuth;

[0046] When the azimuth calculation mode is the normal mode, the real-time sun azimuth is calculated based on the voltage signals output by the plurality of light sensing components arranged on each concentric circle 13 .

[0047] Specifically, the orientation calculation mode may be determined by a mode determination model based on meteorological information of the environment in which the solar panel 22 is located, wherein the mode determination model may be a long short-term memory network (LSTM, Long Short-Term Memory) model.

[0048] Preferably, the azimuth determination unit is used to calculate the real-time sun azimuth based on the voltage signals output by the plurality of light sensing components arranged on each concentric circle 13, including:

[0049] Based on the voltage signals output by the multiple light sensing components arranged on each concentric circle 13, a mean voltage is calculated, that is, the voltage signals output by the multiple light sensing components arranged on each concentric circle 13 are averaged to obtain the mean voltage;

[0050] Based on the mean voltage and the voltage signal output by each perceiving light sensing component 15, the perceiving light sensing component blocked by the projection is determined, and according to the concentric circles 13 where each perceiving light sensing component blocked by the projection is located, the target perceiving light sensing component is determined from the perceiving light sensing components blocked by the projection. For example only, if the output voltage of the light sensing component increases with the decrease of light intensity, the perceiving light sensing component blocked by the projection may be a light sensing component with an output voltage greater than the mean voltage; if the output voltage of the light sensing component decreases with the decrease of light intensity, the perceiving light sensing component blocked by the projection may be a light sensing component with an output voltage less than the mean voltage, and the radius of the concentric circle 13 where each perceiving light sensing component blocked by the projection is located is determined, and the perceiving light sensing component blocked by the projection with the largest radius of the concentric circle 13 is taken as the target perceiving light sensing component;

[0051] According to the concentric circle 13 where the target sensing light sensing component is located, the calibrated light sensing component 14 corresponding to the target sensing light sensing component is determined. Specifically, the calibrated light sensing component 14 of the concentric circle 13 where the target sensing light sensing component is located is used as the calibrated light sensing component 14 corresponding to the target sensing light sensing component;

[0052] Based on the radius of the concentric circle 13 where the target sensing light sensing component is located, the height of the center disk needle 12, and the straight-line distance between the calibrated light sensing component 14 corresponding to the target sensing light sensing component and the target sensing light sensing component, the real-time solar position is calculated, wherein the real-time solar position includes the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle.

[0053] Preferably, the azimuth determining unit calculates the solar azimuth according to the following formula:

[0054] ,

[0055] in, is the solar azimuth, is the straight-line distance between the calibration light sensing component 14 corresponding to the target-sensing light sensing component and the target-sensing light sensing component, is the radius of the concentric circle 13 where the target light sensing component is located, is the inverse cosine function.

[0056] Preferably, the azimuth determination unit calculates the solar altitude angle according to the following formula:

[0057] ,

[0058] in, is the solar altitude angle, is the height of the center disk needle 12, is the radius of the concentric circle 13 where the target light sensing component is located, is the inverse tangent function.

[0059] The temperature collection module can be used to collect the real-time temperature of the solar panel 22 .

[0060] For example, a temperature sensor may be provided on the solar panel 22 to collect the real-time temperature of the solar panel 22 .

[0061] The angle adjustment module may be used to adjust the posture of the solar panel 22 based on the real-time sun position and the real-time temperature of the solar panel 22 according to the gradient cycle adjustment algorithm.

[0062] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the angle adjustment assembly according to some embodiments of this specification, such as Figure 3As shown, as preferably, the adjustment module includes an angle adjustment component and an adjustment control component, and the solar panel 22 is arranged on the angle adjustment component; the angle adjustment component includes a fixed base 16, a chassis 17, a support rod 18, a mounting panel 19, a rotation drive device 20 and a flip drive device 21, the support rod 18 is arranged on the chassis 17, the solar panel 22 is mounted on the mounting panel 19, the rotation drive device 20 is arranged on the fixed base 16, the chassis 17 is arranged on the rotation drive device 20, the rotation drive device 20 is used to drive the solar panel 22 to rotate left and right, the flip drive device 21 is arranged on the support rod 18, the mounting panel 19 is arranged on the flip drive device 21, and the flip drive device 21 is used to drive the solar panel 22 to rotate forward and backward; the adjustment control component is used to control the rotation drive device 20 and the flip drive device 21 to adjust the posture of the solar angle information based on the real-time solar position and the real-time temperature of the solar panel 22 according to the gradient cycle adjustment algorithm.

[0063] Preferably, the angle adjustment module adjusts the posture of the solar panel 22 according to the gradient cycle adjustment algorithm based on the real-time sun position and the real-time temperature of the solar panel 22, including:

[0064] Determine the optimal posture of the solar panel 22 based on the real-time sun position;

[0065] Adjust the solar panel 22 to an optimal posture;

[0066] Obtaining the real-time temperature of the solar panel 22 in the optimal posture;

[0067] Based on the real-time temperature of the solar panel 22 at the optimal posture, determine whether to perform overheat posture adjustment;

[0068] If it is determined that an overheating posture adjustment is to be performed, the posture of the solar cell panel 22 is adjusted according to the gradient cycle adjustment method.

[0069] Specifically, the angle adjustment module may determine the optimal posture of the solar panel 22 based on the real-time sun position and the current posture of the solar panel 22 through a posture determination model, wherein the posture determination model may be a Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) model.

[0070] The angle adjustment module can calculate the attitude difference between the current attitude of the solar panel 22 and the optimal attitude. If the attitude difference is greater than the attitude difference threshold, the solar panel 22 is adjusted to the optimal attitude. After the solar panel 22 is adjusted to the optimal attitude, the solar panel 22 faces the sun. Among them, the attitude difference threshold can be determined based on the temperature of the solar panel 22 at multiple time points. For example, the temperature mean and temperature standard deviation of the solar panel 22 at multiple time points can be calculated, and the attitude difference threshold is determined based on the temperature mean and temperature standard deviation:

[0071] ,

[0072] in, is the attitude difference threshold, is the mean temperature, is the preset temperature mean, is the temperature standard deviation, is the preset temperature standard deviation, is the preset attitude difference threshold.

[0073] It can be understood that the greater the temperature mean and temperature standard deviation of the solar panel 22 at multiple time points, the higher the possibility of overheating of the solar panel 22. At this time, the solar panel 22 is generating electricity facing the sun, and the solar panel 22 is prone to overheating. Therefore, increasing the attitude difference threshold ensures that the solar cell can generate electricity in an attitude that avoids overheating, which not only ensures the power generation power but also avoids overheating of the solar cell.

[0074] Preferably, the angle adjustment module adjusts the solar panel 22 to an optimal posture, including:

[0075] Calculating the attitude difference between the real-time attitude of the solar panel 22 and the optimal attitude;

[0076] According to the serial discretized incremental PID angle attitude adjustment algorithm, the solar panel 22 is adjusted to the optimal attitude based on the attitude difference.

[0077] Specifically, the angle adjustment module may first adjust the altitude angle of the solar panel 22 according to the serial discretized incremental PID angle attitude adjustment algorithm, and then adjust the azimuth angle of the solar panel 22 after completing the adjustment of the altitude angle of the solar panel 22 .

[0078] The discrete formula of the serial discretized incremental PID angle attitude adjustment algorithm is:

[0079] ,

[0080] in, is the increment of the control quantity, is the proportionality coefficient, is the deviation of the current time step, is the deviation of the previous time step, is the integration coefficient, is the differential coefficient, is the deviation of the first two time steps.

[0081] The altitude angle of the solar panel 22 or the azimuth angle of the solar panel 22 may be adjusted based on the following process:

[0082] S21, initialization parameters:

[0083] Set the proportional coefficient of the PID controller , integral coefficient , differential coefficient and sampling period, initializing the error of the first two times and is 0.

[0084] S22, read the target value and actual value:

[0085] In each sampling period, the current altitude angle target value and actual value are read.

[0086] S23, calculation error:

[0087] Calculate the current error e(k), which is the difference between the target value and the actual value.

[0088] S24, calculate the control quantity increment:

[0089] The incremental PID algorithm formula is used to calculate the increment Δu(k) of the control quantity.

[0090] S25, update control amount:

[0091] Update the control variable u(k) according to the increment Δu(k), that is, .

[0092] S26, application control quantity:

[0093] The calculated control amount u(k) is applied to the motor of the rotation drive device 20 or the flip drive device 21 to adjust the altitude angle of the solar cell panel 22 or the azimuth angle of the solar cell panel 22 .

[0094] S27. Update error history:

[0095] Update the error values ​​of the first two times, that is , , prepare for the next calculation.

[0096] Return to step S22 and continue the control process of the next sampling cycle until a stable state is reached or other stop conditions are met.

[0097] Preferably, the angle adjustment module adjusts the posture of the solar panel 22 according to the gradient cycle adjustment method, including:

[0098] S11, obtaining the real-time temperature of the solar panel 22 before it is adjusted to the optimal posture and the real-time temperature after it is adjusted to the optimal posture, calculating the temperature difference, obtaining the posture of the solar panel 22 before it is adjusted to the optimal posture and the optimal posture, and calculating the posture difference;

[0099] S12, calculating the attitude gradient based on the temperature difference and the attitude difference;

[0100] S13, calculating a new posture according to the number of cycles and the posture gradient;

[0101] S14, adjusting the solar panel 22 to a new posture;

[0102] S15, obtaining the real-time temperature of the solar panel 22 after it is adjusted to a new posture;

[0103] S16, determining whether the real-time temperature of the solar panel 22 after adjusting to the new posture is greater than the temperature threshold, if so, executing S13, if not, completing the posture adjustment.

[0104] Figure 4 is a flow chart of adjusting the posture of the solar panel 22 according to the gradient cycle adjustment method shown in some embodiments of this specification, such as Figure 4 As shown, as an example, the temperature difference can be calculated based on the following formula:

[0105] ,

[0106] in, is the temperature difference, The real-time temperature of the solar panel 22 after it is adjusted to the optimal posture. It is the real-time temperature of the solar panel 22 before it is adjusted to the optimal posture.

[0107] The attitude difference can be calculated based on the following formula:

[0108] ,

[0109] in, is the altitude angle difference, is the altitude angle after the solar panel 22 is adjusted to the optimal posture, The altitude angle before the solar panel 22 is adjusted to the optimal posture, is the azimuth difference, is the azimuth angle after the solar panel 22 is adjusted to the optimal posture, The azimuth angle after the solar panel 22 is adjusted to the optimal posture.

[0110] The attitude gradient can be calculated based on the following formula:

[0111] ,

[0112] in, is the altitude gradient, is the azimuth gradient.

[0113] The new pose can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0114] ,

[0115] in, is the new altitude angle of the solar panel 22, is the new azimuth angle of the solar panel 22, and n is the number of cycles.

[0116] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are only used to illustrate the principles of the embodiments of this specification. Other variations may also fall within the scope of this specification. Therefore, as an example and not a limitation, alternative configurations of the embodiments of this specification may be considered consistent with the teachings of this specification. Accordingly, the embodiments of this specification are not limited to the embodiments explicitly introduced and described in this specification.

Claims

1. A solar panel angle adjustment system for sun tracking, characterized in that: include: A weather acquisition module is used to obtain weather information of the environment where the solar panel is located; an azimuth determination module, comprising an azimuth measurement unit and an azimuth determination unit, wherein the azimuth measurement unit is used to obtain solar angle information, and the azimuth determination unit is used to determine whether to perform azimuth calculation based on meteorological information of the environment in which the solar panel is located, and if it is determined to perform azimuth calculation, an azimuth calculation mode is determined based on the meteorological information of the environment in which the solar panel is located, and a real-time solar azimuth is calculated based on the azimuth calculation mode and the solar angle information collected by the azimuth measurement unit; A temperature acquisition module, used to acquire the real-time temperature of the solar panel; The angle adjustment module is used to adjust the posture of the solar panel based on the real-time solar azimuth and the real-time temperature of the solar panel according to the gradient cycle adjustment algorithm; the azimuth measurement unit includes a disk surface connected to one side of the solar panel, the disk surface is parallel to the solar panel, a center disk needle is vertically arranged on the disk surface, a plurality of concentric circles are arranged on the disk surface, the center disk needle is located at the center of the concentric circles, and a plurality of light sensing components are evenly arranged on each of the concentric circles, wherein the light sensing component includes a photoresistor, and the plurality of light sensing components arranged on each of the concentric circles include a calibration light sensing component and a plurality of sensing light sensing components, and the calibration light sensing components arranged on the plurality of concentric circles are located on the same straight line, and the solar angle information includes the voltage signal output by the plurality of light sensing components arranged on each of the concentric circles; the azimuth determination module determines the azimuth calculation mode based on the meteorological information of the environment in which the solar panel is located, and calculates the real-time solar azimuth based on the azimuth calculation mode and the solar angle information collected by the azimuth measurement unit, including: Based on the meteorological information of the environment in which the solar cell panel is located, determining an azimuth calculation mode, wherein the azimuth calculation mode is a simulation amplification mode and a normal mode; When the azimuth calculation mode is the analog amplification mode, the real-time sun azimuth is calculated after analog amplification of the voltage signals output by the plurality of light sensing components arranged on each of the concentric circles; When the azimuth calculation mode is a normal mode, the real-time sun azimuth is calculated based on voltage signals output by a plurality of light sensing components arranged on each of the concentric circles.

2. The solar panel angle adjustment system for sun tracking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The azimuth determination unit is used to calculate the real-time sun azimuth based on the voltage signals output by the plurality of light sensing components arranged on each of the concentric circles, including: Calculating a mean voltage based on voltage signals output by a plurality of light sensing components arranged on each of the concentric circles; Based on the mean voltage and the voltage signal output by each light sensing component, determine the light sensing component blocked by the projection, and determine the target light sensing component from the light sensing components blocked by the projection according to the concentric circles where each light sensing component blocked by the projection is located; Determine, according to the concentric circles where the target sensing light sensing components are located, a calibration light sensing component corresponding to the target sensing light sensing component; The real-time solar position is calculated based on the radius of the concentric circle where the target sensing light sensing component is located, the height of the center disk needle, and the straight-line distance between the calibrated light sensing component corresponding to the target sensing light sensing component and the target sensing light sensing component, wherein the real-time solar position includes the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle.

3. The solar panel angle adjustment system for sun tracking according to claim 2, characterized in that: The azimuth determination unit calculates the solar azimuth according to the following formula: ， in, is the solar azimuth, is the straight-line distance between the calibration light sensing component corresponding to the target-sensing light sensing component and the target-sensing light sensing component, is the radius of the concentric circle where the target light sensing component is located, is the inverse cosine function.

4. The solar panel angle adjustment system for sun tracking according to claim 2, characterized in that: The azimuth determination unit calculates the solar altitude angle according to the following formula: ， in, is the solar altitude angle, is the height of the center disk needle, is the radius of the concentric circle where the target light sensing component is located, is the inverse tangent function.

5. A solar panel angle adjustment system for sun tracking according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The angle adjustment module includes an angle adjustment component and an adjustment control component, and the solar panel is arranged on the angle adjustment component; The angle adjustment assembly includes a fixed base, a chassis, a support rod, a mounting panel, a rotation drive device and a flip drive device, wherein the support rod is arranged on the chassis, the solar panel is mounted on the mounting panel, the rotation drive device is arranged on the fixed base, the chassis is arranged on the rotation drive device, the rotation drive device is used to drive the solar panel to rotate left and right, the flip drive device is arranged on the support rod, the mounting panel is arranged on the flip drive device, and the flip drive device is used to drive the solar panel to rotate forward and backward; The adjustment control component is used to control the rotation drive device and the flip drive device to adjust the posture of the solar angle information based on the real-time solar position and the real-time temperature of the solar cell panel according to the gradient cycle adjustment algorithm.

6. The solar panel angle adjustment system for sun tracking according to claim 5, characterized in that: The angle adjustment module adjusts the posture of the solar panel based on the real-time sun position and the real-time temperature of the solar panel according to a gradient cycle adjustment algorithm, including: Determining the optimal posture of the solar panel based on the real-time sun position; Adjusting the solar panel to an optimal posture; Acquire the real-time temperature of the solar panel at the optimal posture; Based on the real-time temperature of the solar panel at the optimal posture, determining whether to perform overheat posture adjustment; If it is determined that an overheating posture adjustment is to be performed, the posture of the solar cell panel is adjusted according to a gradient cycle adjustment method.

7. The solar panel angle adjustment system for sun tracking according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle adjustment module adjusts the solar panel to an optimal posture, including: Calculating the attitude difference between the real-time attitude of the solar panel and the optimal attitude; According to a serial discretized incremental PID angle attitude adjustment algorithm, the solar panel is adjusted to an optimal attitude based on the attitude difference.

8. The solar panel angle adjustment system for sun tracking according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle adjustment module adjusts the posture of the solar panel according to a gradient cycle adjustment method, including: S11, obtaining the real-time temperature of the solar panel before it is adjusted to the optimal posture and the real-time temperature after it is adjusted to the optimal posture, calculating the temperature difference, obtaining the posture of the solar panel before it is adjusted to the optimal posture and the optimal posture, and calculating the posture difference; S12, calculating an attitude gradient based on the temperature difference and the attitude difference; S13, calculating a new posture according to the number of cycles and the posture gradient; S14, adjusting the solar panel to the new posture; S15, obtaining the real-time temperature of the solar panel after it is adjusted to the new posture; S16, determining whether the real-time temperature of the solar panel after adjusting to the new posture is greater than a temperature threshold, if so, executing S13, if not, completing the posture adjustment.

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