A chamber-divided pneumatic span-diameter grain precision metering device with a toothed spoon structure

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of seeding devices, and specifically discloses a divided-chamber pneumatic span-diameter grain precision seeding device with a tooth spoon structure, comprising an air chamber shell, a shell end cover, a seeding disk and a seeding shaft, wherein the air chamber shell is divided into a positive pressure chamber and a negative pressure chamber, and an inner arc plate radially divides the negative pressure chamber into an outer chamber and an inner chamber; the seeding disk comprises a circular disk, and a plurality of disturbing guide strips radiating from the center to the surroundings are arranged on one side of the circular disk facing the shell end cover, the disturbing guide strips are arc-shaped and the radial ends form tooth spoons aligned with the outer chamber, and an outer suction hole is opened on the circular disk located at the center of each tooth spoon; the seeding device disclosed by the present invention effectively solves the problem that the existing single seeding disk cannot simultaneously perform precision sowing of seeds with large differences in shape and size, and through the design of the seeding disk through the spoon hole tooth disk structure, it is helpful to improve the seed filling qualified rate of special-shaped small-diameter seeds, and realize the precision seeding of small-grain seeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seed metering devices, and in particular discloses a chamber-divided pneumatic span-diameter grain precision seed metering device with a toothed spoon structure. Background Art

[0002] Traditional air-suction seeders can only perform precision sowing on seeds with similar particle sizes and relatively regular shapes, and cannot be used for precision sowing of non-spherical and irregular seeds such as sorghum. In addition, it is also impossible to simultaneously perform precision sowing of seeds with large differences in shape and size on a single disc, resulting in poor applicability.

[0003] For example, the invention patent with application number 2020102948930 discloses an air-suction seed metering device, including a front shell, a rear shell and a seed suction disc. The front shell includes a seed feeding area, a seed storage area and a seed discharge area. The front end of the rear shell forms a positive pressure area and a negative pressure area. Through the interaction between the positive pressure area and the negative pressure area, the seeds are adsorbed in the negative pressure area on the rear shell. When the seeds rotate to the positive pressure area, they fall, thereby realizing rapid seed suction and seed discharge. Although the air-suction seed metering device disclosed in the patent can realize air suction and air blowing during the seed discharge process and complete the seed discharge action, it cannot guarantee that non-spherical seeds or seeds of different sizes can be accurately discharged. The reason is that the seed suction holes on the seed suction disc are all fixed designs, and can only stably adsorb seeds of set size and regular shape. It is impossible to achieve accurate sowing when using it for seeds with large differences in particle size, resulting in poor versatility. In addition, when it is used for irregular and non-spherical seeds such as sorghum, on the one hand, due to the irregular shape of sorghum seeds, the seed suction hole cannot be completely blocked, resulting in air flow on both sides of the seed suction hole, resulting in a small air pressure difference on both sides, and the seeds are easy to fall after being captured; on the other hand, since the stable accumulation state of the population of non-spherical seeds such as sorghum is difficult to break, the use of ordinary flat seed suction discs cannot fully disturb them to achieve effective capture of seeds. Based on this, the present application proposes a dual-purpose or even universal three-chamber precision seed metering device with a spoon hole toothed disc structure that can effectively solve this technical problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a chambered pneumatic span grain precision seeding device with a toothed spoon structure to solve the deficiency that the existing seeding device cannot simultaneously and precisely sow seeds with large differences in shape and size on the basis of a single disk, so that the entire air exhauster has better versatility and even universality.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A chamber-divided pneumatic span-grain precision seeding device with a toothed spoon structure, comprising an air chamber shell, a shell end cover, a seeding disc and a seeding shaft, wherein the interior of the air chamber shell is divided into a positive pressure chamber and a negative pressure chamber by an air chamber partition, and an inner arc plate in the air chamber partition radially divides the negative pressure chamber into an outer chamber and an inner chamber, the air chamber shell is provided with a first air port connected to the positive pressure chamber, a second air port connected to the outer chamber and a third air port connected to the inner chamber, the seeding disc is arranged between the air chamber partition and the shell end cover and connected to the seeding shaft, and the shell end cover is provided with a seed box connected to the negative pressure chamber and a seeding tube connected to the positive pressure chamber;

[0007] The seeding disk comprises a circular disk, on one side of which a plurality of disturbance strips radiating from the center to the surrounding areas are arranged. The disturbance strips are arc-shaped and the radial ends form tooth spoons aligned with the outer cavity. An outer suction hole is provided on the circular disk located at the center of each tooth spoon.

[0008] As a further configuration of the above scheme, the trajectory of one side of the disturbance bar toward the rotation direction of the seed disc is in the shape of a fastest curve, and the trajectory of the other side of the disturbance bar is in the shape of an arc curve.

[0009] As a further configuration of the above scheme, the equation of the side track in the form of the fastest curve in the scrambling strip is: ;in, a is the radius of the moving circle corresponding to the fastest curve, and satisfies 20≤ a ≤30, t It is the angle between the tangent line of any point on the fastest curve and the line connecting the point and the center of the moving circle, and it satisfies 0< t <1.5.

[0010] As a further configuration of the above scheme, the same side of the tooth spoon and the side of the fastest curve in the disturbance strip is composed of three arcs, and the outer suction hole is arranged at the center of the middle arc of the tooth spoon.

[0011] As a further configuration of the above scheme, a row of suction inner holes are provided on the circular disk in a ring array, each of the suction inner holes is arranged on the side of the corresponding disturbance strip in the shape of the fastest curve, and the suction inner hole is arranged to interact with the inner cavity.

[0012] As a further configuration of the above scheme, a semi-conical guide groove aligned with the axial direction of the suction inner hole is provided on the side of the disturbance strip in the shape of the fastest curve.

[0013] As a further configuration of the above scheme, the average pore size of the outer suction hole is set between 1.9-2.3 mm, and the average pore size of the inner suction hole is set between 1.0-1.3 mm.

[0014] As a further configuration of the above solution, the outer suction hole and the corresponding inner suction hole differ in distance from the center of the circular disk by 6-8 mm.

[0015] As a further configuration of the above solution, the height of the disturbing strip and the tooth spoon relative to the surface of the circular disk is set between 0.8-1.5 mm.

[0016] As a further configuration of the above scheme, the air chamber partition includes an outer ring plate that fits with the inner wall of the air chamber shell, a central tube is concentrically arranged in the outer ring plate, two radial partitions are arranged between the outer ring plate and the central tube to divide the interior of the air chamber shell into a positive pressure chamber and a negative pressure chamber, and the inner arc plate is concentrically arranged with the outer ring plate and the two ends are respectively connected to the two radial partitions.

[0017] The split-chamber pneumatic span-diameter grain precision seeding device disclosed in the present invention specifically discloses two design schemes. The first one is to open only one row of external suction holes on the seeding disc, which is actually a dual-purpose precision seeding device, so that it can be used for seeds with a certain size difference and a large difference in shape, such as sorghum, mung beans, and red beans. The second one is to open a row of external suction holes and a row of internal suction holes on the seeding disc, so that it can be used as a universal precision seeding device, not only for seeds with small and medium particle sizes, such as sorghum, mung beans, and red beans, but also for seeds with small particle sizes, such as rapeseed, sesame, and cabbage seeds, and has a wider range of application.

[0018] When the seed metering device disclosed in the present invention is used for seeds with small or medium particle sizes and irregular shapes such as sorghum and mung beans, the first air port is connected to the positive pressure end of the pneumatic system, and the second air port is connected to the negative pressure end of the pneumatic system, so that the outer suction holes on the seed metering disk can absorb and capture the seeds.

[0019] During the rotation of the seeding disc, the seed disturbance structure composed of the disturbance bar and the tooth spoon can fully break the accumulation state of the seed population. At the same time, because the disturbance bar acts on one side of the seed population in the fastest curve trajectory design, the sorghum seeds can roll along its side into the tooth spoon and be adsorbed and fixed by the outer hole of the suction material. The design of the tooth spoon can provide a certain support for the adsorbed seeds, avoiding falling due to the small pressure difference on both sides of the seeding disc. Finally, when the seeding disc carries the seeds and rotates to the positive pressure chamber position, the seeds are blown by positive pressure to make them fall, and the seeding action is completed by the seeding tube.

[0020] When the seed metering device is used for small seeds such as rapeseed and sesame, the first air port and the second air port are connected to the positive pressure end of the pneumatic system through the air flow distributor, and the third air port is connected to the negative pressure end of the pneumatic system, so that the suction inner hole on the seeding disc is used to absorb and capture the seeds.

[0021] Since the second air port is connected to the positive pressure end of the pneumatic system, the positive pressure airflow will enter the seed population through the outer suction hole on the seeding disc. The positive pressure airflow can make the seeds accumulated at the bottom close to the "boiling" state, thereby breaking the dormant state of the seeds. Then, during the rotation of the seeding disc, the seeds will roll along the fastest curve side of the disturbance strip to the position of the suction inner hole and be adsorbed and fixed. At this time, the seeds can fit tightly on the suction inner hole to ensure the air pressure difference on both sides, and are not easy to fall. Finally, when the seeding disc carries the seeds and rotates to the positive pressure chamber position, the seeds are blown by positive pressure to make them fall, and the seeding action is completed by the seeding tube.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] Compared with ordinary pneumatic seed-metering devices, the seed-metering device disclosed in the present invention can be effectively applied to small and medium-sized seeds such as sorghum, mung beans, and red beans, as well as small-sized seeds such as rapeseed, cabbage, and sesame, through the structural design of the divided-chamber pneumatic shell and the seed-metering disc, and through the precise design and limitation of the aperture range of the inner and outer rows of suction holes. Not only does it make the entire seed-metering device have better versatility in precision sowing, it even has better versatility, effectively improving the application range of its precision sowing, and solving the problem that the existing pneumatic disc seed-metering devices are difficult to achieve cross-diameter grain precision sowing with a single seed-metering disc.

[0024] The seeding disc of the present invention helps to improve the seed filling qualified rate of irregular small-size seeds through the design of the spoon hole tooth disc structure. At the same time, compared with the ordinary seeding disc, the longer tooth spoon structure can better break the stacking state of the population and reduce the force on the adsorbed seeds in the population, so that it can improve the seed filling qualified rate while reducing the minimum negative pressure when the seeds are adsorbed. According to the test of seed filling performance, it can be concluded that compared with the traditional grooved tooth type seeding device, the structural design of the spoon hole tooth disc can reduce the minimum negative pressure of sorghum seed filling by about 25%, thereby reducing the performance requirements for the negative pressure fan in the machine.

[0025] 3. When the present invention is filling seeds with small particle size and thin seed wall, the inner suction hole on the seed plate can be used to absorb the seeds, thereby shortening the radial distance of the entire seed disturbance structure, reducing the disturbance effect on the seeds to avoid damage to the seeds, but at the same time, positive pressure airflow can be introduced into the outer cavity to flexibly disturb the seed population, ensuring that the inner suction hole on the seed plate can accurately absorb the seeds, so that it can reduce the damage of the seeds caused by disturbance and achieve precise seeding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional explosion structure in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the air chamber shell and the air chamber partition in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main plane structure of the air chamber shell and the air chamber partition in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the seeding disc in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the seeding disc in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the design of the side edge of the disturbance strip in the present invention in the fastest curve;

[0034] Figure 8 It is the distribution probability diagram of the length of four types of seeds within a certain value;

[0035] Fig. 9 It is the distribution probability diagram of the width of four types of seeds within a certain value;

[0036] Fig.10 The distribution probability diagram of the thickness of four types of seeds within a certain value;

[0037] Fig.11 This is a graph showing the average length, width, and height of the four types of seeds;

[0038] Fig.12 is the numerical diagram of equivalent diameters of four types of seeds;

[0039] Fig.13 Numerical graph of the sphericity of four types of seeds. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. Figures 1 to 13 , and describes the application in detail with reference to embodiments. Example 1

[0042] Example 1 discloses a dual-purpose three-chamber precision seed metering device with a spoon hole toothed disc structure, see the attached Figure 1 The main components of the seeding device include an air chamber housing 1, a housing end cover 2, a seeding disc 3 and a seeding shaft (not shown in the figure). The two end openings of the air chamber housing 1 are sealed and connected to the two housing end covers 2 through sealing rubber rings 4. A seed box 5 and a seeding tube 6 are arranged on the outer side of the housing end cover 2, and a seed unloading part is arranged at the lower end of the housing end cover 2. The seed unloading part is sealed by a seed unloading plug. When it is necessary to switch different seeds, the seed unloading plug can be opened to unload seeds, and then new seeds can be put into the seed box 5.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 and attached Figure 3 , an air chamber partition 7 is arranged in the air chamber housing 1, and the air chamber housing 1 is divided into three chambers by the air chamber partition 7. In the specific design, the air chamber partition 7 includes an outer ring plate 701 that fits the inner wall of the air chamber housing 1, and a central tube 702 for installing the seeding shaft is concentrically arranged inside the outer ring plate 701, and a bearing for assembling the seeding shaft can be arranged in the central tube 702. Two radial partitions 703 are arranged between the central tube 702 and the outer ring plate 701, and the annular channel between the central tube 702 and the outer ring plate 701 is divided into a positive pressure chamber 704 and a negative pressure chamber 705 by the two radial partitions 703, and then the lower end of the seed box 5 is connected to the negative pressure chamber 705, and the upper end of the seeding tube 6 is connected to the positive pressure chamber 704.

[0044] In addition, an inner arc plate 706 is concentrically arranged in the negative pressure chamber 705, and both ends are connected to the two radial partitions 703, and the negative pressure chamber 705 is radially divided into an outer chamber 7051 and an inner chamber 7052 by the inner arc plate 706. Then, a first air port 707 communicating with the positive pressure chamber 704, a second air port 708 communicating with the outer chamber 7051, and a third air port 709 communicating with the inner chamber 7052 are arranged on the outer side of the air chamber housing 1.

[0045] The two seeding discs 3 are respectively arranged in the openings at both ends of the air chamber housing 1, and the inner side of each seeding disc 3 is in contact with the outer end surface of the air chamber partition 7. At the same time, the seeding shaft passes through the mounting holes at the center of the two seeding discs 3, so that it can drive the two seeding discs 3 to rotate in contact with the air chamber partition 7.

[0046] The seeding disc 3 in this embodiment 1 adopts a spoon hole disturbing tooth structure design on the side facing the shell end cover 2. Figure 4 The seeding plate 3 includes a circular plate 301, on which a row of outer material suction holes 3011 are provided in a circular array, and the row of outer material suction holes 3011 are aligned with the outer cavity 7051 in the negative pressure chamber 705. The outer material suction holes 3011 in this embodiment 1 can be designed to be straight holes or trumpet holes, and can be used for small and medium-sized seeds with slightly larger particle sizes such as sorghum and mung beans. In order to ensure that the outer material suction holes 3011 can fully absorb the seeds of small and medium particle sizes, and to avoid the situation where the seeds are difficult to absorb on the shaped holes when the aperture is too small, and the situation where the aperture is too large may cause multiple seeds to be absorbed at the same time and cause heavy absorption, this embodiment 1 uses the distribution probability diagram and average size diagram of the seed sizes of sorghum and mung beans, the equivalent diameter numerical diagram, and the sphericity numerical diagram (refer to the attached Figures 8 to 13 ), and combined with the corresponding calculations. Among them, the average size of sorghum: length ( L )×Width( H )×H( T ) is 3.86mm×3.80mm×2.31mm, and the geometric mean width b of the seeds is calculated according to the formula , substituting into b =3.25mm; Average size of mung beans: length ( L )×Width( H )×H( T ) is 5.07mm×3.84mm×3.89mm, and the geometric mean width of the seeds b By calculating according to the formula b =4.23mm. Then according to the calculation formula of the diameter of the medium hole of the pneumatic seed metering device (Where: d is the diameter of the mold hole, in mm; b is the geometric mean width of the seeds, in mm) to determine the sorghum 2.08 mm ≤ d ≤2.14mm, so the diameter of the outer hole of the suction material can be set to 1.9mm, 2.0mm, 2.1mm, 2.2mm, 2.3mm, so the average pore size of the outer hole of the suction material 3011 can be set between 1.9~2.3mm.

[0047] A plurality of arc-shaped disturbing strips 302 radiating from the center to the surroundings are arranged on the seeding disc 3, and each disturbing strip 302 corresponds to an outer suction hole 3011. The track of one side of the disturbing strip 302 facing the rotation direction of the seeding disc 3 is designed according to the shape of the fastest curve, and the other side can adopt a conventional arc curve. Figure 7 As shown, the specific fastest curve trajectory equation is ;in, a is the radius of the moving circle corresponding to the fastest curve, and satisfies 20≤ a ≤30, t is the angle between the tangent line of any point on the fastest curve and the line connecting the point and the center of the moving circle, and satisfies 0< t <1.5, in this diagram a The specific setting is 25.

[0048] At the end of each disturbing strip 302 extending radially outward, a tooth spoon 303 is provided close to the outer circumference of the seeding disc 3, and the height of the tooth spoon 303 and the disturbing strip 302 relative to the surface of the circular disc 301 is set between 0.8-1.5mm. The track of the tooth spoon 303 on the same side of the fastest curve is composed of three arcs, and the outer suction hole 3011 is opened at the center of the middle arc of the tooth spoon 303.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the dual-purpose three-chamber precision seed metering device in this embodiment 1 adopts a double-row seeding structure design on both sides. Of course, it can also be designed as a single-row seeding structure on one side according to actual needs. In the specific design, it is only necessary to set a seeding disk 3 connected to the seeding shaft in the opening at one end of the shell end cover 2.

[0050] When the dual-purpose three-chamber precision seed metering device disclosed in this embodiment 1 is used for small and medium-sized seeds such as sorghum, mung beans, and red beans, the first air port 707 is connected to the positive pressure end of the pneumatic system in the machine, and the second air port 708 is connected to the negative pressure end, so that a positive pressure for blowing seeds is formed in the positive pressure chamber 704, and a negative pressure for sucking seeds is formed in the outer chamber 7051 of the negative pressure chamber 705. During the rotation of the seeding disc 3, the disturbance bar 302 at the bottom of the seeding disc 3 can fully disturb the seeds to break the accumulated dormant state of the seeds, and then make the seeds move along the side end of the fastest curve of the disturbance bar 302 until they move to the position of the tooth spoon 303 and are adsorbed and captured by the outer hole 3011 for suction, and then when the seeding disc 3 continues to rotate upward, the middle arc of the tooth spoon 303 can provide a certain support force for the seeds to prevent the seeds from falling due to insufficient air pressure adsorption force. When the seeding disc 3 carries the seeds and rotates to the negative pressure chamber 705, the seeds are blown down by the positive pressure and fall into the upper end of the seeding tube 6, and then the seeding tube 6 completes the seeding action. Example 2

[0051] Example 2 discloses a universal three-chamber precision seed metering device with a spoon hole toothed disc structure, which is an improved design further optimized based on the technical solution in Example 1. The similarities between Example 2 and Example 1 will not be described again.

[0052] The key design of this embodiment 2 is the structural design of the seeding disc 3, which includes a circular disc 301, on which a row of outer suction holes 3011 and a row of inner suction holes 3012 are formed in a circular array. The outer suction holes 3011 are aligned with the outer cavity 7051 in the negative pressure chamber 705, and the inner suction holes 3012 are aligned with the inner cavity 7052 in the negative pressure chamber 705. In the specific design, the outer suction holes 3011 can be designed as straight holes or trumpet holes, which can be used for seeds with slightly larger particle sizes such as sorghum, mung beans, and red beans, and the inner suction holes 3012 can also be designed as straight holes or trumpet holes, which can be used for seeds with small particle sizes such as rapeseed, cabbage seeds, and sesame.

[0053] In order to ensure that the outer suction hole 3011 can fully absorb seeds of small and medium diameters, and the inner suction hole can fully absorb seeds of small grains, and to avoid the situation that the seeds are difficult to absorb on the shaped hole when the hole diameter is too small, and the hole diameter is too large, which may cause multiple seeds to be absorbed at the same time and cause heavy absorption, this embodiment 2 is based on the normal distribution diagram and distribution probability diagram of the seed size of sorghum, mung bean, rapeseed, and sesame (refer to the attached figure). Figures 8 to 13 ), and combined with the corresponding calculations. Among them, the average length of sorghum ( L )×Width( H )×Height( T ) is 3.86mm×3.80mm×2.31mm, and the geometric mean width b of the seeds is calculated according to the formula , substituting into b =3.25mm; Average size of mung beans: length ( L )×Width( H )×Height( T ) is 5.07mm×3.84mm×3.89mm, and the geometric mean width of the seeds b By calculating according to the formula b =4.23mm; Average size of sesame: length ( L )×Width( H )×Height( T ) is 2.98 mm × 1.74 mm × 0.88 mm, and the geometric mean width of the seeds b The same can be obtained by substituting the calculation formula into b =1.66mm; Average size of rapeseed: length ( L )×Width( H )×Height(T ) is 3mm×1.74mm×0.88mm, the geometric mean width of the seeds can be obtained by substituting the formula b =1.98mm.

[0054] Then according to the calculation formula of the medium hole diameter of the pneumatic seed metering device (Where: d is the diameter of the mold hole, in mm; b is the geometric mean width of the seeds, in mm) to determine the corresponding hole diameter of sorghum between 2.08 mm ≤ d ≤2.14mm, so the diameter of the outer hole of the suction material can be set to 1.9mm, 2.0mm, 2.1mm, 2.2mm, 2.3mm, so the average pore size of the outer hole of the suction material 3011 can be set between 1.9~2.3mm; the diameter of the hole of rapeseed is 1.27 mm≤ d ≤1.3mm, the mold hole diameter is 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, therefore, the outer hole diameter range is between 1.0mm-1.3mm.

[0055] A plurality of disturbing strips 302 radiating from the center to the surroundings are arranged on the seeding disc 3, and each disturbing strip 302 corresponds to an outer suction hole 3011 and an inner suction hole 3012. The track of one side of the disturbing strip 302 facing the rotation direction of the seeding disc 3 is designed according to the shape of the fastest curve, and the other side can adopt a conventional arc curve. Figure 7 As shown, the specific fastest curve trajectory equation is ; Among them, 0< t <1.5, 20≤ a ≤30, in this diagram a The specific setting is 25.

[0056] At the end of each disturbing strip 302 extending radially outward, a tooth spoon 303 close to the outer circumference of the seeding disc 3 is provided, and the height of the tooth spoon 303 and the disturbing strip 302 relative to the surface of the circular disc 301 is set between 0.8-1.5mm. The track of the tooth spoon 303 on the same side of the fastest curve is composed of three arcs, and the outer suction hole 3011 is opened at the center of the middle arc of the tooth spoon 303, and the inner suction hole 3012 is opened on the side of the fastest curve of the disturbing strip 302, and the inner suction hole 3012 and the outer suction hole 3011 differ in the distance from the center of the circular disc by about 6-8mm, and the distance in this embodiment 2 is specifically designed to be 7.72mm. In addition, a semi-conical guide groove 3013 axially aligned with the suction inner hole 3012 is provided on the side of the fastest curve of the disturbance strip 302 , so as to realize effective positioning and support of small-diameter seeds captured by the suction inner hole 3012 .

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the precision seeding device in this embodiment 2 adopts a double-row seeding structure design on both sides. Of course, it can also be designed as a single-row seeding structure on one side according to actual needs. In the specific design, it only needs to set a seeding disk 3 connected to the seeding shaft in the opening at one end of the shell end cover 2.

[0058] When the universal three-chamber precision seed metering device with a spoon hole toothed disc structure disclosed in this embodiment 2 is used for small and medium-sized seeds such as sorghum, mung beans, and red beans, the first air port 707 is connected to the positive pressure end of the pneumatic system in the machine, and the second air port 708 is connected to the negative pressure end, so that a positive pressure for blowing seeds is formed in the positive pressure chamber 704, and a negative pressure for sucking seeds is formed in the outer chamber 7051 of the negative pressure chamber 705. During the rotation of the seeding disc 3, the disturbing strip 302 at the bottom thereof can fully disturb the seeds, break the accumulated dormant state of the seeds, and then make the seeds move along the side end of the fastest curve of the disturbing strip 302 until they move to the position of the toothed spoon 303 and are adsorbed and captured by the outer hole 3011 for material absorption. Then, during the continuous upward rotation of the seeding disc 3, the middle arc of the toothed spoon 303 can provide a certain support force for the seeds to prevent the seeds from falling due to insufficient air pressure adsorption force. When the seeding disc 3 carries the seeds and rotates to the negative pressure chamber 705, the seeds are blown down by the positive pressure and fall into the upper end of the seeding tube 6, and then the seeding tube 6 completes the seeding action.

[0059] When the seeding device in the second embodiment is used for small-size seeds such as rapeseed, cabbage seeds, and sesame seeds, the first air port 707 and the second air port 708 are connected to the positive pressure end of the pneumatic system in the machine through the airflow distributor, and the third air port 709 is connected to the negative pressure end, so that a positive pressure for blowing seeds is formed in the positive pressure chamber 704, a positive pressure airflow for flexible seed disturbance is formed in the outer cavity 7051, and a negative pressure for seed suction is formed in the inner cavity 7052. During the rotation of the seeding disc 3, on the one hand, the seeds are fully disturbed by the disturbance strip 302 at the bottom, and at the same time, the positive pressure airflow blown out from the outer cavity 7051 can make the seeds at the bottom close to the "boiling" state, breaking the accumulation and sleeping state of the seeds, and under the guidance of the disturbance strip 302, the seeds are moved along the side of the fastest curve to the suction inner hole 3012 to be adsorbed and captured, and at the same time, the semi-conical guide groove 3013 can also provide a certain support force for the seeds to prevent the seeds from falling during the subsequent rotation process. When the seeding disc 3 carries the seeds and rotates to the positive pressure chamber 704, the seeds are blown down by the positive pressure and fall into the upper end of the seeding tube 6, and then the seeding tube 6 completes the seeding action.

[0060] In order to verify the advantages of the seeding disc 3 in the second embodiment over the existing grooved discs and flat discs in the precision seeding of various seeds, the following verification experiment was conducted.

[0061] Experiment 1, the tangential force of adsorbed seeds and the tangential velocity of the disturbance layer on the toothed spoon disk (i.e., the seeding disk in Example 2), the grooved toothed disk, and the flat disk at different rotation speeds and adsorption postures, the experimental data are shown in Table 1 below:

[0062] Table 1

[0063]

[0064] Experiment 2, the seed filling qualified rate when the tooth spoon plate, groove tooth plate and plane plate act on sorghum seeds at different speeds and working negative pressures, the experimental data are shown in Table 2 below:

[0065] Table 2

[0066]

[0067] Experiment 3, the qualified rate of seed filling when the tooth spoon plate, groove tooth plate and flat plate act on mung beans at different speeds and working negative pressures, the experimental data are shown in Table 3 below:

[0068] Table 3

[0069]

[0070] Experiment 4, the seed filling qualified rate when the tooth spoon plate, groove tooth plate and plane plate act on rapeseed at different speeds and working negative pressures, the experimental data are shown in Table 4 below:

[0071] Table 4

[0072]

[0073] Based on the data in Tables 1, 2, 3 and 4 above, it can be concluded that the tangential force on the adsorbed seeds and the tangential speed of the disturbance layer of the seed disc designed in this embodiment 2 are smaller than those of the existing grooved disc and flat disc, so that the seeds are less affected by the population after being adsorbed, which effectively reduces the situation where the adsorbed seeds will be squeezed off by other seeds in the population, thereby improving the seed filling qualification rate.

[0074] In addition, the seed disc designed in this embodiment 2, whether it uses the outer suction hole to absorb and discharge small and medium-sized seeds such as sorghum and mung beans, or uses the inner suction hole to absorb and discharge small-grain seeds such as rapeseed, can effectively improve the seed filling qualification rate and effectively reduce the leakage filling rate compared to the existing grooved tooth disc and flat disc, thereby realizing precision seeding operations for different seeds, greatly improving its scope of application.

[0075] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chambered pneumatic span grain precision seed meter with a tooth spoon structure, comprising an air chamber housing, a housing end cover, a seeding disc and a seeding shaft, characterized in that: The interior of the air chamber shell is divided into a positive pressure chamber and a negative pressure chamber by an air chamber partition, and the inner arc plate in the air chamber partition radially divides the negative pressure chamber into an outer chamber and an inner chamber, the air chamber shell is provided with a first air port connected to the positive pressure chamber, a second air port connected to the outer chamber, and a third air port connected to the inner chamber, the seeding disc is arranged between the air chamber partition and the shell end cover and connected to the seeding shaft, and the shell end cover is provided with a seed box connected to the negative pressure chamber and a seeding tube connected to the positive pressure chamber; The seeding disc comprises a circular disc, and a plurality of disturbing strips radiating from the center to the surroundings are arranged on one side of the circular disc facing the end cover of the shell, and the disturbing strips are arc-shaped and the radial ends form tooth spoons aligned with the outer cavity, and an outer suction hole is opened on the circular disc located at the center of each tooth spoon; The track of one side of the disturbance bar toward the rotation direction of the seeding disc is in the shape of the fastest curve, and the track of the other side of the disturbance bar is in the shape of an arc curve; a row of suction holes are arranged in a circular array on the circular disc, and each suction hole is arranged on the side of the corresponding disturbance bar in the shape of the fastest curve, and the suction hole is aligned with the inner cavity; When the seeds are adsorbed by the suction inner hole, the first air port and the second air port are connected to the positive pressure end of the pneumatic system at the same time, and the third air port is connected to the negative pressure end of the pneumatic system; The average pore size of the outer suction hole is set between 1.9-2.3 mm, and the average pore size of the inner suction hole is set between 1.0-1.3 mm.

2. The chamber-divided pneumatic span-diameter grain precision metering device with a toothed spoon structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The same side of the tooth spoon and the side edge of the disturbance strip in the shape of the fastest curve is composed of three arcs, and the outer suction hole is arranged at the center of the middle arc of the tooth spoon.

3. The chamber-divided pneumatic span-diameter grain precision metering device with a toothed spoon structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A semi-conical guide groove aligned with the axial direction of the inner hole of the material suction is provided on the side of the disturbance strip in the shape of the fastest curve.

4. The chamber-divided pneumatic span-diameter grain precision metering device with a toothed spoon structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The difference between the outer suction hole and the corresponding inner suction hole in the distance from the center of the circular disk is 6-8 mm.

5. The chamber-divided pneumatic span-diameter grain precision metering device with a toothed spoon structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the disturbing strip and the tooth spoon relative to the surface of the circular disk is set between 0.8-1.5mm.

6. The chamber-divided pneumatic span-diameter grain precision metering device with a toothed spoon structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air chamber partition includes an outer ring plate that fits with the inner wall of the air chamber shell, a central through tube is concentrically arranged in the outer ring plate, two radial partitions are arranged between the outer ring plate and the central through tube to divide the interior of the air chamber shell into a positive pressure chamber and a negative pressure chamber, and the inner arc plate is concentrically arranged with the outer ring plate and its two ends are respectively connected to the two radial partitions.

Images