Heavy-duty dynamic penetration equipment and penetration test method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a heavy-duty dynamic probing device and a probing test method thereof. The heavy-duty dynamic probing device comprises a probing head, a drop hammer, a recording device, a protective tube, and a decoupling device. The probing head comprises a probe and a probe rod, the front end of the probe rod being connected to the probe, the rear end being connected to a guide rod and a decoupling ball, and the rod length of the probe rod not exceeding two meters. An airbag is installed on the outer side of the upper section of the protective tube, a micro-winch and a reduction motor are installed inside the inner section, a drop hammer is installed in the middle section, and a recording device is installed in the lower section. The probing head is installed in the lower section, and the guide rod extends into the middle section. The drop hammer is located above the probe rod of the probing head. The decoupling device comprises an outer ring and an inner ring. The outer ring is fixedly connected to the top of the drop hammer, and the upper part of the inner ring is connected to the wire rope of the micro-winch. The inner ring is pulled upward along the guide rod with the decoupling device. When the inner ring moves upward to the top of the guide rod, the decoupling ball squeezes and eventually opens the decoupling device, causing the inner ring to separate from the outer ring, and the drop hammer to fall freely and strike the probing head.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of engineering investigation, in particular to a heavy-duty dynamic penetration equipment and a penetration test method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The dynamic cone penetration test (DPT) is one of the common in-situ test methods in geotechnical engineering investigations. It uses a drop hammer of a certain mass to drive a standard-sized conical probe into the soil layer at a certain height and free fall distance. The mechanical properties of the soil layer are analyzed based on the difficulty of probe penetration (which can be expressed by the number of hammer blows per a certain distance, the penetration rate, or the dynamic penetration resistance per unit area of ​​the probe. The number of hammer blows is usually used as the test result in engineering) and the number of hammer blows.

[0003] Depending on the test soil layer, the dynamic penetration equipment used for cone dynamic penetration tests is divided into three types: light, heavy, and extra-heavy. Heavy-duty dynamic penetration equipment is the most widely used. Existing heavy-duty dynamic penetration equipment mainly consists of a probe, a drop hammer, and a probe rod. The function of the probe rod is to deliver the probe to the bottom of the borehole. The drop hammer strikes the probe rod at the hole mouth, and the number of hammer strikes required for the probe to reach the specified penetration depth is recorded as the test result. Currently, the heavy-duty dynamic penetration test involves installing the probe on the head of the drill pipe, placing it into the borehole, and using a 63.5kg drop hammer to strike the exposed end of the drill pipe at a drop distance of 76cm. The required geological parameters are obtained by recording the number of hammer strikes required to penetrate the soil layer to a fixed depth. During the test, the length of the drill pipe (probe rod) is essentially equal to the hole depth. A longer probe rod has a significant impact on the test results, so rod length correction needs to be considered. Current testing standards, such as the "Code for Geotechnical Engineering Investigation" (GB50021-2001) (2009 edition), stipulate that when determining the density of crushed stone soil using heavy-duty and ultra-heavy-duty dynamic penetration equipment, the number of blows should be corrected based on the probe length. Appendix B provides a table of correction factors. The correction factor table specifies a maximum probe length of 20m for heavy-duty cone dynamic penetration equipment. However, in engineering applications, test depths exceeding 20m are often encountered. How should the correction factor be determined in such cases? Are the test results still relevant? These issues have long remained unresolved, limiting the scope of application of this test. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that, in view of the deficiency that existing heavy-duty dynamic probing equipment is not suitable for test depths greater than 20 meters, the present invention closely combines with the "Geotechnical Engineering Investigation Code" and develops a set of heavy-duty dynamic probing equipment on the premise of fully meeting the important parameters such as probe specifications, drop hammer mass, drop hammer distance, etc. stipulated in the code. The equipment does not have the problem of rod length correction, and the test results can be directly applied, thereby greatly expanding the applicable depth of heavy-duty dynamic probing tests.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A heavy-duty dynamic penetration test equipment, comprising a penetration probe, a drop hammer, and a recording device, wherein:

[0007] The probe includes a probe and a probe rod, the front end of the probe rod is connected to the probe, the rear end is connected to the bottom of the guide rod, the top of the guide rod is installed with a dehooking ball, and the rod length of the probe rod does not exceed two meters;

[0008] A third through hole for passing the guide rod is reserved in the middle of the drop hammer, and the diameter of the third through hole is smaller than the diameter of the dehooking ball;

[0009] The device further comprises a protective tube and a decoupling device, wherein the protective tube is divided into an upper section, a middle section, and a lower section. An airbag is installed on the outer side of the upper section, and a micro-winch and a reduction motor are installed inside the upper section. A steel wire rope is wound around the micro-winch. The drop hammer is installed in the middle section, and the recording device is installed in the lower section. The rear end of the probe rod of the touch probe is placed in the lower section, and the guide rod extends into the middle section. The drop hammer is slidably installed on the guide rod through the third through hole and is located above the probe rod of the touch probe.

[0010] The decoupling device includes an outer ring and an inner ring, the upper part of the outer ring is provided with an inner ring passage opening, the middle part of the inner ring is provided with a fourth through hole for passing through the guide rod, and an unhooking device is provided on the outer wall of the inner ring, the outer ring is fixedly connected to the top of the drop hammer, the inner ring is installed in the outer ring with a clearance fit, and at the same time, the inner ring is installed on the guide rod with a clearance fit through the fourth through hole, the upper part of the inner ring is connected to the steel wire rope of the miniature winch, and the inner ring moves up along the guide rod with the decoupling device under the traction of the steel wire rope of the miniature winch, and when the inner ring moves up to the top of the guide rod, the decoupling ball squeezes and eventually opens the unhooking device, so that the inner ring is separated from the outer ring, and the drop hammer achieves free fall and hits the probe rod of the touch probe.

[0011] When in use, the heavy-duty power probing device is lowered into the borehole using a drill winch and wire rope. An airbag secures the device to the inside of the borehole casing. A reduction motor is activated outside the borehole, driving a micro-winch. This micro-winch raises the drop hammer via a decoupling mechanism. When the decoupling mechanism reaches the top of the guide rod, the upper portion of the decoupling mechanism is propped open by the decoupling ball at the top of the guide rod, separating the inner and outer rings of the decoupling mechanism. The drop hammer then freely falls and strikes the contact head. Simultaneously, the inner ring of the decoupling mechanism, under the action of gravity, falls back into the outer ring along the guide rod, completing one hammering action. This cycle can complete multiple hammering operations as needed. At the same time, based on the time required for the reduction motor to start each time and the hammer to unhook, the lifting height of the micro winch wire rope can be roughly estimated, and then the penetration depth of the probe can be estimated. When the expected penetration depth reaches about 20 cm, the test is stopped, and the equipment is lifted out of the borehole as a whole. By comparing the scale changes recorded by the recording equipment with the hammer records, the number of hammer blows for every 10 cm of penetration can be obtained, and the test is completed. During the entire test process, since the length of the probe rod does not exceed two meters, there is no need to correct the probe rod length during the sounding test using the present invention, and the test results can be directly applied. In addition, the present invention uses the drilling rig winch and wire rope to place the heavy-duty power sounding equipment of the present invention into the borehole as a whole for sounding test, thereby greatly expanding the applicable depth of the heavy-duty power sounding test.

[0012] Furthermore, a rubber film is provided at the connection between the lower section and the probe head to prevent water in the borehole from entering the protective tube, thereby protecting the device of the present invention.

[0013] Furthermore, a first stopper is provided at the rear end of the probe rod, a second stopper is provided in the middle of the probe rod, a second through-hole is provided in the lower section of the protective tube, and the probe rod passes through the second through-hole. The first and second stopper devices are respectively located on either side of the second through-hole, and the first and second stopper devices interfere with the second through-hole. The present invention utilizes the interference between the first and second stopper devices and the second through-hole of the protective tube to constrain the range of movement of the probe rod to a fixed length, thereby preventing the waterproof rubber film between the probe rod and the protective tube from being damaged.

[0014] Furthermore, a third limiting device is provided on the inner wall of the lower section, and the third limiting device interferes with the first limiting device, thereby limiting the penetration depth of the probe rod and not causing damage to the recording equipment installed in the lower section of the protective tube.

[0015] Furthermore, the dehooker is a Z-shaped hook body, and the middle part of the dehooker is hinged to the outer wall of the inner ring, the upper part is used to interfere with the dehooking ball, and the lower part is used to interfere with the inner ring through-hole provided on the upper part of the outer ring.

[0016] Furthermore, the airbag is connected to a pressure device for providing compressed gas. After the airbag is filled with compressed gas, its volume expands and the entire device of the present invention can be fixed in the drilling sleeve.

[0017] Furthermore, the reduction motor is connected to a power switch and a power sensor via a cable.

[0018] Furthermore, a first through hole is provided at the top of the upper section, the cable passes through the first through hole, and the first through hole is sealed with a waterproof material.

[0019] Furthermore, the drop hammer is made of tungsten, which greatly reduces the size of the drop hammer and facilitates its use in boreholes with smaller diameters. Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a method for conducting a penetration test using the heavy-duty power penetration equipment, which comprises the following steps:

[0020] Use the drill rig winch to lower the heavy-duty power penetration equipment to the bottom of the borehole, so that the penetration probe is against the bottom of the borehole, and the protective tube falls to the lower limit of the probe rod under its own weight;

[0021] Inflate the airbag to expand it, and fix the heavy-duty dynamic probing equipment inside the borehole casing through the airbag;

[0022] Start the reduction motor, and the drop hammer is driven to rise slowly along the guide rod through the micro winch and the unhooking device. When the unhooking device reaches the top of the guide rod, the unhooking device on the inner ring is squeezed and stretched open by the unhooking ball, and the inner and outer rings of the unhooking device are separated. The drop hammer and the outer ring fall freely together. At the same time, the inner ring of the unhooking device falls back into the outer ring along the guide rod under the action of gravity, thus completing one hammering action, and the cycle continues;

[0023] Based on the time required for the reduction motor to be started each time and the inner and outer rings to be unhooked, the lifting height of the micro winch wire rope is roughly estimated, and then the penetration depth of the probe is estimated. When the estimated penetration depth reaches 20cm, the test is stopped, and the heavy-duty dynamic probing equipment is lifted out of the borehole as a whole. By comparing the probe rod scale changes recorded by the recording equipment with the hammer records, the number of hammer blows for every 10cm of penetration is obtained, and the test is completed.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The heavy-duty dynamic probing equipment of the present invention is based on the test principle, integrates the drop hammer and the probing head into one, and uses the drill rig winch wire rope to place the entire device into the bottom of the drilling sleeve. In this way, no matter how deep the borehole is, the dynamic probing test can be carried out, and the probe rod length does not exceed two meters, so there is no need to correct the rod length for the test results.

[0026] The specifications of the probe head, the weight of the drop hammer, and the drop distance of the heavy-duty dynamic probing equipment fully meet regulatory requirements. During the test, an airbag secures the protective tube within the borehole casing. A gap is left between the drop hammer and the protective tube, and lubricant can be applied to minimize friction between the drop hammer and the protective tube, preventing any impact on the test results.

[0027] The location where the probe rod passes through the protective tube and the location where the upper part of the protective tube is connected to the cable is treated with a rubber film or the like for water blocking, so that water in the borehole will not enter the interior of the protective tube and will not generate buoyancy on the falling hammer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the use status of the heavy-duty dynamic probing equipment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is an assembly diagram of the heavy-duty dynamic probing equipment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the touch probe.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective tube and the location of the recording equipment.

[0033] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the drop hammer.

[0034] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the outer ring structure of the unhooking device, where a is a front view and b is a top view.

[0035] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the inner ring structure of the decoupling device, where a is a front view and b is a top view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereby.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to mechanical connections; they may refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The heavy-duty dynamic probing equipment of the present invention comprises five main parts: a probing head 1, a protective tube 2, a drop hammer 3, an automatic unhooking device 4, a recording device 5 (see Figure 4 This heavy-duty dynamic penetration equipment is suitable for drilling casing with an inner diameter of not less than 90mm.

[0040] Probe 1: Figure 3 As shown, the front end is a conventional probe 11, which is connected to a 70cm long conventional probe rod 12. The end of the conventional probe rod 12 is processed with a second limit device 13 with a diameter of 70mm. Then, a short probe rod 14 with a length of 30cm is connected by threads. The end of the short probe rod 14 is processed with the same first limit device 15. A 174cm long guide rod 16 is threadedly connected to the middle of the first limit device 15. The guide rod 16 has a diameter of 1cm, and a steel dehooking ball 17 with a diameter of 14mm is installed on the top of the guide rod 16. In this embodiment, the first limit device 15 and the second limit device 13 adopt a disc-shaped structure. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to this form, as long as the first limit device 15 and the second limit device 13 interfere with the second through hole on the lower section 23 of the protective tube 2. The conventional probe rod 12 and the short probe rod 14 are respectively marked with scales.

[0041] Protective tube 2: Figure 2 、 Figure 4As shown, it is a hollow cylinder consisting of three sections: an upper section 21, a middle section 22, and a lower section 23. The middle section 22 has an inner diameter of 7.6 cm, a wall thickness of 3 mm, an outer diameter of 8.2 cm, and a length of 195 cm. The diameter and wall thickness of the lower section 23 are the same as those of the middle section 22, and it is 10 cm long. A removable second cover 231 is provided at the bottom, and a second through hole with a diameter of 5 cm is provided on the second cover 231 for the short probe rod 14 to pass through. A third limiting device (not shown in the figure) for controlling the penetration depth of the probe rod is provided at the upper end of the inner cavity of the lower section 23, and is connected to the middle section 22 by threads. The upper section 21 and the middle section 22 are connected by threads, and a removable first cover 211 is provided at the top, leaving a first through hole with a diameter of 1 cm for the cable connected to the reduction motor 214 to pass through. The upper section 21 has an outer diameter of 6 cm, a height of 15 cm, and a wall thickness of 5 mm. A rubber airbag 212 is installed on the outside, and a micro winch 213 and a reduction motor 214 are installed inside. A steel wire rope 215 with a length of 1.2 m and a diameter of 2 mm is wound around the micro winch 213, and the micro winch 213 is driven to rotate by the reduction motor 214.

[0042] Hammer 3: Figure 5 As shown, the drop hammer 3 is cylindrical, with an outer diameter of 7 cm and a volume of 3212 cm 3 , the material is pure tungsten, density 19.3g / cm 3 The weight of the hammer 3 is 62 kg. A third through-hole 31 is located in the center of the hammer 3. The diameter of the third through-hole 31 is 1.2 cm and the length is 86 cm. The outer ring 41 of the automatic unhooking device 4 is mounted on the upper portion of the hammer 3. The outer ring 41 weighs 1.5 kg. The total weight is 63.5 kg.

[0043] Decoupling device 4: Figure 6 、 Figure 7As shown, the decoupling device 4 consists of an outer ring 41 and an inner ring 42. The outer ring 41 has a diameter of 7 cm and a height of 10 cm. It is fixed to the top of the drop hammer 3 and has an inner ring opening 411 with a diameter of 44 mm at the top. It has an internal diameter of 54 mm, an overall wall thickness of 8 mm, and is made of stainless steel. It weighs 1.5 kg. The inner ring 42 is a through-cylindrical device with a fourth through-hole 421 in its center for passing through the guide rod 16. Four decoupling devices 422 are mounted on the outer wall of the inner ring 42. The decoupling devices 422 are Z-shaped hooks, with their center hinged to the outer wall of the inner ring 42. Their upper ends are designed to engage with the decoupling ball 17 to disengage the inner and outer rings. Their lower ends engage with the inner ring opening 411 located on the top of the outer ring 41 to connect the inner and outer rings. The outer ring 41 is fixedly connected to the top of the drop hammer 3, and the inner ring 42 is installed in the outer ring 41 with a clearance fit. At the same time, the inner ring 42 is installed on the guide rod 16 with a clearance fit through the fourth through hole 421. The upper part of the inner ring 42 is connected to the steel wire rope 215 of the micro winch 213. The inner ring 42 can move up along the guide rod 16 with the automatic unhooking device 4 under the traction of the steel wire rope 215 of the micro winch 213. When the inner ring 42 moves up to the unhooking ball 17, the unhooking ball 17 squeezes and finally opens the top of the unhooking device 422, so that the unhooking device 422 is disengaged from the outer ring 41, that is, the inner and outer rings are disengaged.

[0044] Recording device 5: The recording device 5 is installed on the wall of the lower section 23 of the protective tube 2. It is a rechargeable miniature video recording device that records the scale marked on the probe rod.

[0045] Test process:

[0046] 1. Assemble the equipment on the ground: the conventional probe rod 12 passes through the second through hole on the second cover 231 of the lower section 23 of the protective tube 2 from top to bottom and is connected to the conventional probe 11. The short probe rod 14 passes through the middle section 22 of the protective tube 2 and is connected to the conventional probe rod 12. The lower section 23 is then threadedly connected to the middle section 22. The inner ring 42 of the automatic unhooking device 4 is placed into the outer ring 41, and the outer ring 41 is fixed to the top of the drop hammer 3. The wire rope 215 of the miniature winch 213 is connected to the unhooking device 422 on the inner ring 42. The drop hammer 3 is placed in the middle section 22. The guide rod 16 and the unhooking ball 17 are passed through the second through hole on the drop hammer 3. The three-way hole 31 is connected to the short probe rod 14; the cable passes through the first through hole on the upper section 21 of the protective tube 2 and is connected to the reduction motor 214, the first through hole is sealed with waterproof material, and the other end of the cable is connected to the power switch 6 and the power sensor 7; the upper section 21 of the protective tube 2 is connected to the middle section 22, and the drilling winch 8 and the drilling winch wire rope 10 are used to connect the drilling winch wire rope 10 to the upper section 21 of the protective tube 2. The rubber air bag 212 on the outside of the upper section of the protective tube 2 is connected to the pressure hose, and the pressure hose is fixed to the drilling winch wire rope together with the cable, and the other end of the pressure hose is connected to the pressurizing device 9. A rubber film is put on the connection between the lower section of the protective tube and the probe rod to prevent water in the borehole from entering the equipment. The whole set of equipment of the present invention is slowly placed from the borehole mouth to the bottom of the hole, and during this period, the cable, pressure hose and drilling winch wire rope should be effectively fixed.

[0047] 2. When the conventional probe 11 rests against the bottom of the borehole, the protective tube 2 will drop to the second limit device 13 of the probe rod under the action of its own weight. At this time, the pressurizing device 9 is opened to expand the rubber airbag 212. The pressurization is stopped when the pressure reaches about 2MPa. At this time, the entire set of equipment is fixed inside the borehole casing by the rubber airbag 212.

[0048] 3. Turn on the power switch 6, and the automatic unhooking device 4 drives the drop hammer 3 to rise slowly. At this time, the power of the reduction motor 214 is maximum. When the unhooking device 4 reaches the top of the guide rod 16, the upper part of the unhooking device 422 on the inner ring 42 is squeezed and stretched by the unhooking ball 17 on the top of the guide rod 16, so that the unhooking device 422 is separated from the outer ring 41, that is, the inner and outer rings of the unhooking device 4 are separated, and the drop hammer 3 falls freely with the outer ring 41. At this time, the power of the reduction motor 214 drops sharply, and the power switch 6 is automatically turned off. Under the action of gravity, the inner ring 42 of the unhooking device 4 falls back into the outer ring 41 along the guide rod 16, thus completing a hammering action.

[0049] 4. Since the speed of the reduction motor 214 is relatively slow, the lifting height of the wire rope 215 and, therefore, the penetration depth of the probe 11 can be roughly estimated based on the time required for each start-up of the reduction motor 214 to the unhooking of the drop hammer 3. When the estimated penetration depth reaches approximately 20 cm (which can be detected by the third limit device), the test is stopped and the entire device is lifted out of the borehole. By comparing the scale changes recorded by the recording device 5 with the hammer strike record, the number of hammer strikes per 10 cm of penetration can be obtained, thus completing the test.

[0050] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention using the technical content disclosed above, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiment in accordance with the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heavy-duty dynamic penetration test equipment, comprising a penetration probe, a drop hammer, and a recording device, characterized in that: The probe includes a probe and a probe rod, the front end of the probe rod is connected to the probe, the rear end is connected to the bottom of the guide rod, the top of the guide rod is installed with a dehooking ball, and the rod length of the probe rod does not exceed two meters; A third through hole for passing the guide rod is reserved in the middle of the drop hammer, and the diameter of the third through hole is smaller than the diameter of the dehooking ball; The device further comprises a protective tube and a decoupling device, wherein the protective tube is divided into an upper section, a middle section, and a lower section. An airbag is installed on the outer side of the upper section, and a micro-winch and a reduction motor are installed inside the upper section. A steel wire rope is wound around the micro-winch. The drop hammer is installed in the middle section, and the recording device is installed in the lower section. The rear end of the probe rod of the touch probe is placed in the lower section, and the guide rod extends into the middle section. The drop hammer is slidably installed on the guide rod through the third through hole and is located above the probe rod of the touch probe. The decoupling device comprises an outer ring and an inner ring, the upper part of the outer ring is provided with an inner ring passage opening, the middle part of the inner ring is provided with a fourth through hole for passing through the guide rod, and an unhooking device is provided on the outer wall of the inner ring, the outer ring is fixedly connected to the top of the drop hammer, the inner ring is installed in the outer ring with a clearance fit, and the inner ring is installed on the guide rod with a clearance fit through the fourth through hole, the upper part of the inner ring is connected to the steel wire rope of the miniature winch, and the inner ring moves up along the guide rod with the decoupling device under the traction of the steel wire rope of the miniature winch, and when the inner ring moves up to the top of the guide rod, the unhooking ball squeezes and eventually opens the unhooking device, so that the inner ring is detached from the outer ring, and the drop hammer realizes free fall and hits the probe rod of the touch probe; The dehooker is a Z-shaped hook body, and the middle part of the dehooker is hinged to the outer wall of the inner ring, the upper part is used to interfere with the dehooking ball, and the lower part is used to interfere with the inner ring through-hole provided on the upper part of the outer ring.

2. The heavy-duty dynamic penetration equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber film is sleeved on the connection between the lower section and the touch probe.

3. The heavy-duty dynamic penetration equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first limiting device is provided at the rear end of the probe rod, a second limiting device is provided in the middle part of the probe rod, a second through hole is provided in the lower section of the protective tube, and the probe rod passes through the second through hole. The first limiting device and the second limiting device are respectively located on both sides of the second through hole, and the first limiting device and the second limiting device respectively interfere with the second through hole.

4. The heavy-duty dynamic penetration equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A third limiting device is provided on the inner wall of the lower section, and the third limiting device interferes with the first limiting device.

5. The heavy-duty dynamic penetration equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air bag is connected to a pressure device for providing compressed gas.

6. The heavy-duty dynamic penetration equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reduction motor is connected to a power switch and a power sensor via a cable.

7. The heavy-duty dynamic penetration equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first through hole is provided at the top of the upper section, the cable passes through the first through hole, and the first through hole is sealed with a waterproof material.

8. The heavy-duty dynamic penetration equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drop weight is made of tungsten.

9. A method for conducting a penetration test using the heavy-duty dynamic penetration equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that include: Use the drill rig winch to lower the heavy-duty power penetration equipment to the bottom of the borehole, so that the penetration probe is against the bottom of the borehole, and the protective tube falls to the lower limit of the probe rod under its own weight; Inflate the airbag to expand it, and fix the heavy-duty dynamic penetration equipment inside the borehole casing through the airbag; Start the reduction motor, and the drop hammer is driven to rise slowly along the guide rod through the micro winch and the unhooking device. When the unhooking device reaches the top of the guide rod, the unhooking device on the inner ring is squeezed and stretched open by the unhooking ball, and the inner and outer rings of the unhooking device are separated. The drop hammer and the outer ring fall freely together. At the same time, the inner ring of the unhooking device falls back into the outer ring along the guide rod under the action of gravity, thus completing one hammering action, and the cycle continues; Based on the time required for the reduction motor to start each time and the inner and outer rings to unhook, the lifting height of the micro winch wire rope is estimated, and then the penetration depth of the probe is estimated. When the estimated penetration depth reaches 20cm, the test is stopped, and the heavy-duty dynamic probing equipment is lifted out of the borehole as a whole. By comparing the probe rod scale changes recorded by the recording equipment with the hammer records, the number of hammer blows for every 10cm of penetration is obtained, and the test is completed.

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