A microwave common-port reverse layout switch

Abstract

The present application relates to a microwave common-port reverse-layout switch, which includes a radio frequency system, a radio frequency input interface and a radio frequency output interface connected to the radio frequency system. The radio frequency input interface and the radio frequency output interface are located on both sides of the radio frequency system. The radio frequency system includes a radio frequency cavity and radio frequency reeds. The radio frequency input interface and the radio frequency output interface both include an outer conductor and a coaxial inner conductor. Compensating chamfers are machined at the diagonal positions of each radio frequency reed, and one end of the two radio frequency reeds for lapping with the coaxial inner conductor at the input end has a contact plane. The present application has the effect of improving microwave performance while reducing the volume of the radio frequency coaxial switch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of microwave common ports, and particularly to a reverse layout switch for microwave common ports. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the RF input interfaces and RF output interfaces of most RF coaxial switches are fixed on the same side, such as in the way of arranging 3 microwave ports side by side. Moreover, affected by the interconnection of connectors, there is a minimum limit for the spacing between microwave ports. Therefore, there are limitations in the minimum layout when using the way of arranging 3 microwave ports side by side, and the volume cannot be further reduced.

[0003] The publication number CN115332742A discloses a Y-shaped single-pole double-throw RF coaxial switch, which includes an electromagnetic system, an RF system, an RF input interface and two RF output interfaces connected to the RF system. The RF input interface and the two RF output interfaces are respectively arranged on both sides of the RF system, making the connection cables between the interfaces simple, the space compact, and the operation space large.

[0004] The RF system includes an RF cavity, two push rods arranged in the RF cavity, and RF reeds fixedly connected to each push rod. There are two guiding grooves with upward openings in the RF cavity, and each guiding groove is provided with a spring and a push rod. The RF input interface and the two RF output interfaces both include an outer conductor and a cylindrical inner conductor arranged in the outer conductor. However, in the comparative document, a 45-degree structure in the middle is adopted between the two RF reeds, and the cylindrical inner conductor at the input end can only contact one of the RF reeds, resulting in asymmetry in the left and right structures of the switch, and thus asymmetry in electrical performance and poor microwave performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the microwave performance while reducing the volume of the RF coaxial switch, this application provides a reverse layout switch for microwave common ports.

[0006] The reverse layout switch for microwave common ports provided by this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A reverse layout switch for microwave common ports includes an RF system, an RF input interface and an RF output interface connected to the RF system. The RF input interface and the RF output interface are located on both sides of the RF system. The RF system includes an RF cavity and RF reeds. The RF input interface and the RF output interface both include an outer conductor and a coaxial inner conductor. Compensating chamfers are machined at the diagonal positions of each RF reed, and one end of the two RF reeds for lapping with the coaxial inner conductor at the input end has a contact plane.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solutions, by providing compensation chamfers on the RF reeds, the rate of change of the electric field strength can be slowed down, thereby reducing the partial discharge or arcing discharge phenomena caused by electric field concentration, improving the electrical performance of the switch at high frequencies, reducing signal distortion, and enhancing the overall reliability; the two RF reeds are symmetrically provided with compensation chamfers, and there is a contact plane at the position where the two RF reeds are in contact, ensuring effective contact between the coaxial inner conductor at the input end and the RF reeds, with symmetric electrical properties, which can effectively improve the microwave performance.

[0009] Preferably, on the side of each of the two RF reeds facing away from each other, a compensation fillet is machined.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solutions, the RF reeds are designed to be as smooth as possible, reducing the partial discharge or arcing discharge phenomena caused by electric field concentration, and enhancing the microwave performance.

[0011] Preferably, the axis of the coaxial inner conductor does not coincide with the center line of the RF cavity.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solutions, an eccentric coaxial configuration is adopted between the coaxial inner conductor and the RF cavity. When the coaxial inner conductor is not completely aligned with the cavity center line, the local electric field concentration between the inner conductor and the cavity wall can be reduced, which helps to reduce the probability of edge discharge. At the same time, by offsetting the position of the inner conductor, the effective impedance can be adjusted to a certain extent, thereby improving the impedance matching of the entire system; an appropriate offset amount can reduce unnecessary parasitic parameters and improve the performance at high frequencies; incomplete alignment can reduce the reflection caused by discontinuity, and less reflection means less energy loss and can improve the signal transmission efficiency.

[0013] Preferably, at the end of the coaxial inner conductor located at the output end, a side step is machined, the side step is provided on the side facing the RF reed, and the end face of the coaxial inner conductor is machined with a fillet or a chamfer;

[0014] The bottom surface of the side step is a plane parallel to the axis of the coaxial inner conductor, and the bottom surface of the side step coincides with or is spaced from the axis of the coaxial inner conductor.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solutions, by introducing the side step, the electric field distribution can be smoothed, the field strength concentration at the edge can be reduced, thereby reducing the possibility of partial discharge; the side step can improve the power distribution by changing the geometry of the inner conductor, thereby increasing the maximum power level that the switch can withstand, which helps to reduce the thermal effect and mechanical stress in high-power applications; the side step can also provide a better heat dissipation path, helping to reduce the temperature in high-power applications.

[0016] Preferably, the side surface of the side step is machined into a plane or an inclined plane or a circular arc surface.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the effective impedance of the coaxial structure can be changed by adjusting the height of the step and the width of the plane. The step on the plane side helps to reduce signal reflection and improve signal transmission quality; the step on the inclined plane side can smoothly transition the impedance change from the inner conductor to the outer conductor, which helps to further reduce signal reflection; the arc-shaped side helps to reduce the edge effect, reduce the risk of partial discharge, can also reduce reflection, improve signal transmission efficiency, and helps to improve heat dissipation performance.

[0018] Preferably, the length of the bottom surface of the side step is less than the width of the RF reed.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, it is convenient to realize the lapping of the RF reed and the coaxial inner conductor.

[0020] Preferably, the four corners of the RF cavity are rounded.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, processing the four corners of the cavity into rounded corners can smooth the electric field distribution, reduce the field strength concentration at the edges, thereby reducing the possibility of partial discharge; the rounded corner design helps to reduce reflection caused by acute angles and improve signal transmission efficiency.

[0022] Preferably, both ends of the RF cavity extend beyond the outside of the outer conductor.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when both ends of the RF cavity extend beyond the outer conductor, it can serve as an impedance matching element, which helps to reduce signal reflection between the cavity and the external circuit; by designing the cavity ends to extend beyond the outer conductor, the influence of these parasitic parameters can be reduced, thereby improving signal integrity; the extended part can also help to reduce stress caused by thermal expansion or mechanical vibration, thereby improving the structural stability and compensating for microwave performance.

[0024] Preferably, a guiding hole is provided on the side wall of the RF cavity, and an actuating support rod is arranged in the guiding hole. The end of the actuating support rod away from the spring is connected to the RF reed, and a compensation step is circumferentially provided on the side wall of the actuating support rod, and the compensation step is provided at the end of the actuating support rod close to the RF reed.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, in the coaxial switch, the actuating support rod may interact with the signal path. By providing a step on the actuating support rod, it can serve as an impedance matching element, which helps to reduce signal reflection between the support rod and the coaxial structure and improve overall reliability.

[0026] Preferably, the actuating support rod is driven by an electromagnetic system to slide along the guiding hole to drive the RF reed to lap with the coaxial inner conductor or to be in close contact with the inner wall of the RF cavity.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the RF reed is lapped with the coaxial inner conductor to achieve signal transmission, and the RF reed is closely attached to the inner wall of the RF cavity to eliminate the gap, thereby improving the signal transmission effect.

[0028] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0029] By providing a compensation chamfer on the RF reed, the rate of change of the electric field strength can be slowed down, the electrical performance of the switch at high frequencies can be improved, signal distortion can be reduced, and the overall reliability can be enhanced;

[0030] By machining the four corners of the RF cavity into rounded corners, machining a step on the actuating support rod, and machining a side step on the coaxial inner conductor, the electric field distribution can be smoothed, the field strength concentration at the edges can be reduced, thereby reducing the possibility of partial discharge and enhancing the signal transmission efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the microwave port layout.

[0032] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal layout of the microwave port.

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal layout of the microwave port.

[0034] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the RF reed.

[0035] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coaxial inner conductor with a planar side step.

[0036] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coaxial inner conductor with an inclined side step.

[0037] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coaxial inner conductor with an arc-shaped side step.

[0038] Description of the reference numerals: 1, RF system; 11, RF cavity; 12, RF reed; 121, compensation chamfer; 122, compensation fillet; 123, contact plane; 2, RF input interface; 21, outer conductor; 22, coaxial inner conductor; 221, side step; 3, RF output interface; 4, guiding hole; 5, actuating support rod; 51, compensation step. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0039] The following will further describe the present application in detail with reference to the Figures 1-7 drawings.

[0040] An embodiment of the present application discloses a microwave common-port reverse layout switch. Refer to Figures 1-4 , the microwave common-port reverse layout switch includes a radio frequency system 1, a radio frequency input interface 2 and a radio frequency output interface 3 connected to the radio frequency system 1. The radio frequency input interface 2 and the radio frequency output interface 3 are located on both sides of the radio frequency system 1. The radio frequency system 1 includes a radio frequency cavity 11 and radio frequency reeds 12. Both the radio frequency input interface 2 and the radio frequency output interface 3 include an outer conductor 21 and a coaxial inner conductor 22. Compensation chamfers 121 are machined at the diagonal positions of each radio frequency reed 12. Two radio frequency reeds 12 are symmetrically arranged, and one end of each of the two radio frequency reeds 12 for lapping with the coaxial inner conductor 22 at the input end has a contact plane 123. And a compensation fillet 122 is machined on the side of each radio frequency reed 12 facing away from each other. By providing the compensation chamfers 121 and the compensation fillets 122 on the radio frequency reeds 12 and arranging the two radio frequency reeds 12 symmetrically, effective contact between the coaxial inner conductor 22 at the input end and the radio frequency reeds 12 is ensured, and the electrical performance is symmetric.

[0041] Refer to Figure 3 , preferably, the four corners of the radio frequency cavity 11 are rounded, so as to further smooth the electric field distribution, reduce the field strength concentration at the edges, and improve the signal transmission efficiency.

[0042] An eccentric coaxial configuration is adopted between the coaxial inner conductor 22 and the radio frequency cavity 11, that is, the axis of the coaxial inner conductor 22 does not coincide with the center line of the radio frequency cavity 11, which can reduce the local electric field concentration between the inner conductor and the cavity wall. This helps to reduce the probability of edge discharge. At the same time, by offsetting the position of the inner conductor, the effective impedance can be adjusted to a certain extent, thereby improving the impedance matching of the entire system; an appropriate offset can reduce unnecessary parasitic parameters and improve the performance at high frequencies.

[0043] Refer to Figures 5-7 , the end face of the coaxial inner conductor 22 is machined with a fillet or a chamfer. A side step 221 is machined at the end of the coaxial inner conductor 22 at the output end, and the side step 221 is opened on the side facing the radio frequency reed 12. The bottom surface of the side step 221 is a plane parallel to the axis of the coaxial inner conductor 22, and the bottom surface of the side step 221 coincides with or is spaced from the axis of the coaxial inner conductor 22. By introducing the side step 221, the electric field distribution can be smoothed, the field strength concentration at the edges can be reduced, and thus the possibility of partial discharge can be lowered. The side step 221 can improve the power distribution by changing the geometric shape of the inner conductor, thereby increasing the maximum power level that the switch can withstand. This helps to reduce the thermal effect and mechanical stress in high-power applications and improve the microwave performance.

[0044] The side surface of the step is processed into a flat surface, an inclined surface or an arc surface. The effective impedance of the coaxial structure can be changed by adjusting the height of the step and the width of the flat surface. The step 221 on the flat surface side helps to reduce signal reflection and improve signal transmission quality; the step 221 on the inclined surface side can smoothly transition the impedance change from the inner conductor to the outer conductor 21, which helps to further reduce signal reflection; the arc-shaped side surface helps to reduce the edge effect, reduce the risk of partial discharge, and can also reduce reflection, improve signal transmission efficiency, and help to improve heat dissipation performance.

[0045] Referring to Figure 3 , further, the length of the bottom surface of the side step 221 is less than the width of the RF reed 12, which is convenient for realizing the lap joint of the RF reed 12 and the coaxial inner conductor 22.

[0046] Referring to Figure 3 , further, both ends of the RF cavity 11 extend beyond the outside of the outer conductor 21. When both ends of the RF cavity 11 extend beyond the outer conductor 21, it can be used as an impedance matching element, which helps to reduce signal reflection between the cavity and the external circuit; by designing that both ends of the cavity extend beyond the outer conductor 21, the influence of these parasitic parameters can be reduced, thereby improving signal integrity; the extended part can also help to reduce the stress caused by thermal expansion or mechanical vibration, thereby improving the structural stability and compensating for microwave performance.

[0047] Referring to Figure 3 , a guiding hole 4 is provided on the side wall of the RF cavity 11, an actuating support rod 5 is arranged in the guiding hole 4, one end of the actuating support rod 5 far away from the spring is connected to the RF reed 12, and a compensation step 51 is circumferentially arranged on the side wall of the actuating support rod 5. The compensation step 51 is arranged at one end of the actuating support rod 5 close to the RF reed 12. The actuating support rod 5 is used to slide along the guiding hole 4 driven by the electromagnetic system to drive the RF reed 12 to lap joint with the coaxial inner conductor 22 or be in close contact with the inner wall of the RF cavity 11. The RF reed 12 laps with the coaxial inner conductor 22 to realize signal transmission, and the gap is eliminated by the close contact between the RF reed 12 and the inner wall of the RF cavity 11, so as to improve the signal transmission effect.

[0048] The above are all the preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A microwave common port reverse layout switch, comprising a radio frequency system, a radio frequency input interface and a radio frequency output interface connected to the radio frequency system, wherein the radio frequency input interface (2) and the radio frequency output interface (3) are located on both sides of the radio frequency system (1), and characterized in that: The radio frequency system (1) comprises a radio frequency cavity (11) and a radio frequency reed (12); the radio frequency input interface (2) and the radio frequency output interface (3) both comprise an outer conductor (21) and a coaxial inner conductor (22); a compensating chamfer (121) is processed at a diagonal position of each radio frequency reed (12); and one end of the two radio frequency reeds (12) for overlapping with the coaxial inner conductor (22) at the input end comprises a contact plane (123); The two RF reeds (12) are both processed with compensating roundings (122) on the opposite sides thereof; The axis of the coaxial inner conductor (22) does not coincide with the center line of the radio frequency cavity (11); The end of the coaxial inner conductor (22) located at the output end is processed with a side step (221), the side step (221) is opened on the side facing the radio frequency reed (12), and the end surface of the coaxial inner conductor (22) is processed with a rounded or chamfered corner; The bottom surface of the side step (221) is a plane parallel to the axis of the coaxial inner conductor (22), and the bottom surface of the side step (221) coincides with or is spaced from the axis of the coaxial inner conductor (22); The four corners of the radio frequency cavity (11) are rounded; Two ends of the radio frequency cavity (11) extend beyond the outer side of the outer conductor (21); A guide hole (4) is provided on the side wall of the radio frequency cavity (11), an action support rod (5) is arranged in the guide hole (4), one end of the action support rod (5) away from the spring is connected to the radio frequency reed (12), a compensation step (51) is provided on the side wall of the action support rod (5) around the circumference thereof, and the compensation step (51) is provided at one end of the action support rod (5) close to the radio frequency reed (12); The action support rod (5) is driven by the electromagnetic system to slide along the guide hole (4) to drive the radio frequency reed (12) to overlap with the coaxial inner conductor (22) or to closely contact with the inner wall of the radio frequency cavity (11).

2. The microwave common port reverse layout switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side surface of the side step (221) is processed into a plane, an inclined surface or an arc surface.

3. The microwave common port reverse layout switch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the bottom surface of the side step (221) is smaller than the width of the radio frequency reed (12).

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