A new air dust removal method for negative pressure-dominated positive pressure balance in excavation working face

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fresh air dust removal method for a negative pressure-dominated, positive pressure-balanced excavation working face, comprising: a fresh air box and a dust collection box; the dust collection box is arranged close to the working face, and the fresh air box is arranged away from the working face; a fresh air inlet and a fresh air outlet are provided on the fresh air box, the fresh air outlet is arranged toward the working face or toward the side wall of the tunnel, and the fresh air inlet is connected with the tunnel wind duct; the dust removal method is: introducing fresh air into the fresh air box through the tunnel wind duct, so that the fresh air of the fresh air box is blown out from the fresh air outlet and transported to the working face, thereby increasing the wind pressure of the working face, and at the same time, the negative pressure of the dust collection box drives the dust on the working face into the dust collection box and discharges it from the working face along the dust collection duct; the present invention solves the problem that the positive pressure concentrated air outlet jet of the existing ventilation system causes turbulence, resulting in mixed flow of dust and wind in the working area, and the dust reduction effect cannot meet the standard air quality requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of coal mine production, and in particular relates to a new air dust removal method for a tunneling working face with negative pressure leading and positive pressure balancing. Background Art

[0002] Dust on the excavation face is a difficult problem in the industry, because the dust pollution from single-headed excavation spreads everywhere with the wind flow. Although existing technologies have done a lot of research on the dust problem on the excavation face and there are many dust removal methods. For example, although measures such as dust reduction, dust elimination, and dust isolation can reduce dust pollution, they cannot meet the standards. This is because dust reduction technology faces challenges no matter which method is used. Wind drives the dust to spread rapidly, making it almost impossible to reduce the dust to zero in theory; dust elimination methods are also limited, and dust can only be completely eliminated in a static environment; and dust isolation, especially full-section dust isolation, is not only difficult and costly to construct, but also cutting and other operations after full coverage may cause sparks, increasing the risk of gas explosions, so this method is obviously not advisable.

[0003] Among the current dust removal methods, negative pressure dust suction is a relatively effective option that can effectively reduce dust, but it requires large dust removal equipment and a relatively long and large dust removal duct across multiple independently moving devices. In addition, the dust removal duct suction port needs to be constantly moved with the excavation, etc. The existing negative pressure dust suction equipment will have a great impact on the construction when implemented on site. In addition, negative pressure dust suction is an independent system that cannot control the forced air supply flow. It is difficult to avoid the head-on dust turbulence caused by the forced air flow jet, which will affect the construction area within a certain range. Furthermore, the power and volume of negative pressure dust suction equipment are very large. Therefore, it is difficult for the existing ventilation and dust removal methods to achieve the governance effect stipulated by the state, especially the dust reduction in mechanized excavation of rock tunnels is a production problem. The existing ventilation system's positive pressure concentrated air jet causes turbulence, resulting in the mixed flow of dust and airflow in the working area. The dust reduction effect cannot meet the standard air quality requirements, which has a great impact on construction and is difficult to promote.

[0004] Although negative pressure dust removal may be able to completely remove dust, it requires a strong suction force that far exceeds the air supply volume of the tunnel, which is not feasible in practice. Therefore, no matter which method is used, it will face problems such as production impact and high cost, making it difficult to promote and apply widely. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fresh air dust removal method with negative pressure dominating and positive pressure balancing for the excavation working face, so as to solve the problem that the positive pressure concentrated air jet of the existing ventilation system causes the dust in the working area to mix with the wind flow and then flow to the back alley to form dust in the alley, and the traditional dust reduction effect cannot meet the standard air quality requirements.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a new air dust removal method for negative pressure-dominated positive pressure balance for excavation working face, comprising: a new air box and a dust suction box; the dust suction box is arranged close to the front of the working face, and the new air box is arranged away from the front of the working face; a new air inlet and a new air outlet are provided on the new air box, the new air outlet is arranged toward the working face or toward the side wall of the tunnel, and the new air inlet is connected with the tunnel wind tube;

[0007] The dust removal method is: fresh air is introduced into the fresh air box through the alley wind duct, so that the fresh air of the fresh air box is blown out from the fresh air outlet and transported to the working surface, thereby increasing the wind pressure on the working surface. At the same time, the negative pressure of the dust box drives the dust on the working surface into the dust box and discharges it from the working surface along the dust collection pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, a new air box is fixed on a side of the tunnel boring machine away from the front of the working face, and a dust suction box is fixed on a side of the tunnel boring machine close to the front of the working face.

[0009] Furthermore, the fresh air box is a strip-shaped shell structure, and its direction is arranged across the cross-section of the tunnel. The fresh air outlet of the fresh air box is grid-shaped and is used to blow the fresh air evenly toward the working surface.

[0010] Furthermore, the fresh air box is an air flow reversing device, and is connected to the branch air box through a connecting air duct; the air flow reversing device is used to be connected to the wind duct of the tunnel, and a part of the fresh air is directly sent out of the air flow reversing device to be blown toward the working face, and another part of the fresh air is sent to the branch air box through the connecting air duct and blown toward the working face through the branch air box, thereby pressurizing the dust on the working face from both sides of the tunnel, forcing the dust to enter the dust collection box.

[0011] Furthermore, the wind flow reversing device is a shell structure, with an air inlet on the side away from the working surface, an air outlet on the side close to the working surface, and an adjustment port on the side close to the air distribution box. An adjustment mechanism is arranged in the wind flow reversing device, and the adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the amount of fresh air entering the air distribution box through the adjustment port, thereby adjusting the wind pressure on both sides of the alley.

[0012] Furthermore, the regulating mechanism comprises:

[0013] A turning door plate is arranged near the regulating port, one side of which is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft sleeved on the airflow reversing housing;

[0014] A connecting plate, one end of which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft;

[0015] The hydraulic cylinder is located at the bottom of the wind flow reverser, with its fixed end fixed at the bottom of the wind flow reverser and its movable end hinged to the other end of the connecting plate, and is used to pull the other end of the connecting plate to move left and right, thereby rotating the rotating shaft and rotating the steering door panel.

[0016] Furthermore, the regulating mechanism also includes:

[0017] The left side of the positioning slide is against the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder; the right side is fixedly connected to the left end of the screw rod, and the right end of the screw rod is fixed to the bottom of the airflow reversing device. The positioning slide is used to press against the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder, thereby limiting the hydraulic cylinder so that the steering door panel is maintained at a certain opening.

[0018] Furthermore, two symmetrically arranged ear rods are fixedly connected to the lower side of the positioning slide;

[0019] The regulatory agencies also include:

[0020] The bottom rail is fixed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the airflow reversing device. It is a strip-shaped rectangular frame. Both of its longer sides are provided with strip-shaped grooves. The two strip-shaped grooves are used for the two ear rods of the positioning slide to extend into, so that the positioning slide can move back and forth along the direction of the strip-shaped groove driven by the screw rod.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] The present invention installs a dust collection box on the tunnel boring machine and near the front of the working face, thereby forming a negative pressure at the front, and then supplies fresh air through a fresh air box arranged on the tunnel boring machine and away from the front of the working face to balance the front negative pressure, so that the working area between the fresh air box and the dust collection box can be in a fresh air environment, so that personnel can work in the fresh air environment, so that the dust on the tunnel boring working face meets the requirements;

[0023] The direction of the fresh air box of the present invention is arranged across the cross section of the lane, so that the fresh air outlet of the fresh air box diffuses the fresh air of the lane wind tube to the entire cross section, and then under the negative pressure of the dust collection box, the dust-laden airflow on the working surface enters the dust collection box and is discharged from the working surface along the dust collection pipe;

[0024] The new air box and the dust collection box of the present invention can be fixed on the top of the tunnel boring machine, which can ensure that the effectiveness of ventilation and dust removal in the area where the tunnel boring machine is located will not be affected by the movement of the tunneling working face; the balance of wind flow matching ensures that the dust on the tunneling head will not escape to a distance farther from the dust collection box;

[0025] The present invention suppresses the dust on the excavation working face from flowing to the rear of the tunnel by matching the dust suction airflow with the fresh air flow, thereby achieving a constant fresh air flow between the fresh air box and the dust suction box, and ensuring that the workers work in a fresh air environment between the fresh air box and the dust suction box. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the new air box and the dust collection box of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the wind flow reversing device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the wind flow reversing device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the regulating mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the regulating mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the regulating mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7-12 Schematic diagram of the structure of various shapes of the new bellows of the present invention.

[0033] in:

[0034] 100, wind flow reversing device; 102, air inlet; 103, air outlet; 104, connecting air duct; 106, turning door plate; 107, rotating shaft; 108, connecting plate; 109, screw rod; 110, positioning slide plate; 111, hydraulic cylinder; 112, ear rod; 113, bottom rail; 114, strip groove; 115, air distribution box;

[0035] 200. Tunnel boring machine; 500. Fresh air box; 600. Dust collection box; 700. Tunnel air duct. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more. The "direction" in the present invention is based on the position of the present invention in a certain direction. Figure 1 Description of the trend in the state.

[0038] The present invention discloses a new air dust removal method for a tunneling working face with negative pressure leading and positive pressure balancing, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes: a fresh air box 500 and a dust box 600; the dust box 600 is arranged close to the working surface, and the fresh air box 500 is arranged away from the working surface; a fresh air inlet and a fresh air outlet are opened on the fresh air box 500, the fresh air outlet is arranged toward the working surface or toward the side wall of the tunnel, and the fresh air inlet is connected to the tunnel wind duct 700.

[0039] The dust removal method is: fresh air is introduced into the fresh air box 500 through the alley wind duct 700, so that the fresh air of the fresh air box 500 is blown out from the fresh air outlet and transported to the working surface, thereby increasing the wind pressure on the working surface. At the same time, the negative pressure of the dust box 600 drives the dust on the working surface into the dust box 600 and discharges it from the working surface along the dust collection duct.

[0040] The fresh air box 500 is fixed on the side of the tunnel boring machine 200 away from the working face, and the dust box 600 is fixed on the side of the tunnel boring machine 200 close to the working face. Preferably, the dust box 600 is fixed at a position 1000-3000mm away from the cutting head of the tunnel boring machine 200.

[0041] like Figure 7 As shown, the fresh air box 500 is a strip-shaped shell structure, and its direction is arranged across the cross section of the tunnel. The fresh air outlet of the fresh air box 500 is grid-shaped and is used to blow the fresh air evenly to the working surface. Figure 8 As shown, the fresh air outlet of the fresh air box 500 can also be in the shape of circular holes arranged in an array. Fig. 9 As shown, the fresh air outlet of the fresh air box 500 can also be configured as a plurality of strip holes with adjustable openings.

[0042] like Fig.10 As shown, the fresh air box 500 can also be configured as two nested and matched boxes, and fresh air outlets are provided on both boxes. In this way, the length of the smaller box extending into the larger box can be adjusted to adapt to different alley widths and increase the scope of use.

[0043] like Fig.12 As shown, the fresh air box 500 can also be set to an arc-shaped shell structure, and the fresh air outlet is also arranged in an arc shape. This arrangement can better transport fresh air to the working surface, thereby adjusting the wind pressure on both sides of the tunnel.

[0044] The total air intake of the dust box 600 is greater than the sum of the gas exhaust air volume, the carbon dioxide exhaust air volume, and the air volume for personnel, and at the same time satisfies the cross-sectional flow velocity ≥ 0.25m / s. The air intake of the dust box 600 matches the air volume of the fresh air box 500, and the matching method is that the dust intake air volume of the dust box 600 is 5%-8% greater than the air output of the fresh air box 500.

[0045] like Fig.11As shown, the fresh air box 500 is a wind flow reversing device 100, and is connected to the branch wind box 115 through the connecting air duct 104; the wind flow reversing device 100 is used to be connected to the tunnel wind tube 700, and a part of the fresh air is directly sent out of the wind flow reversing device 100 to blow toward the working face, and another part of the fresh air is sent to the branch wind box 115 through the connecting air duct 104 and blown toward the working face through the branch wind box 115, thereby pressurizing the dust on the working face from both sides of the tunnel, forcing the dust to enter the dust collection box 600. The air outlet of the branch wind box 115 is opened on the side close to the working face, and the upward protruding part of the tunnel boring machine 200 can be crossed by setting the connecting air duct 104, thereby being better suitable for the tunnel boring machine 200.

[0046] The lower side of the wind flow reverser 100 is fixed on the top of the tunnel boring machine 200 and away from the working surface. Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the air flow reversing device 100 is a shell structure, an air inlet 102 is provided on the side of the air flow reversing device 100 away from the working surface, an air outlet 103 is provided on the side of the air flow reversing device 100 close to the working surface, and an adjusting port is provided on the side of the air flow reversing device 100 close to the air distribution box 115. An adjusting mechanism is arranged inside the air flow reversing device 100, and the adjusting mechanism is used to adjust the air volume of the fresh air entering the air distribution box 115 through the adjusting port, thereby adjusting the wind pressure on both sides of the alley.

[0047] like Figure 4-6 As shown, the adjustment mechanism includes: a steering door plate 106 , a connecting plate 108 , and a hydraulic cylinder 111 .

[0048] The steering door plate 106 is arranged close to the adjustment port, and one side of the steering door plate 106 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 107 mounted on the shell of the airflow reversing device 100; one end of the connecting plate 108 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft 107; the hydraulic cylinder 111 is located at the bottom of the airflow reversing device 100, and the fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder 111 is fixed to the bottom of the airflow reversing device 100, and the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder 111 is hinged to the other end of the connecting plate 108. The hydraulic cylinder 111 is used to pull the other end of the connecting plate 108 to move left and right, thereby rotating the rotating shaft 107, and then rotating the steering door plate 106.

[0049] The adjustment mechanism also includes: a positioning slide 110, the left side of the positioning slide 110 is against the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder 111; the right side of the positioning slide 110 is fixedly connected to the left end of the screw rod 109, and the right end of the screw rod 109 is fixed to the bottom of the airflow reversing device 100. The positioning slide 110 is used to press against the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder 111, thereby limiting the hydraulic cylinder 111, so that the steering door panel 106 is maintained at a certain opening.

[0050] Two symmetrically arranged ear rods 112 are fixedly connected to the lower side of the positioning slide 110; the adjustment mechanism also includes: a bottom rail 113, the bottom of the bottom rail 113 is fixed to the bottom of the inner cavity of the airflow reversing device 100, the bottom rail 113 is a strip-shaped rectangular frame, and the longer two sides of the bottom rail 113 are provided with strip grooves 114, and the two strip grooves 114 are used for the two ear rods 112 of the positioning slide 110 to extend into, so that the positioning slide 110 can reciprocate along the direction of the strip grooves 114 under the drive of the screw rod 109.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new air dust removal method for negative pressure-dominated positive pressure balance in excavation working face, characterized in that: A fresh air box (500) and a dust collection box (600) are arranged on the roadheader (200); the dust collection box (600) is arranged close to the front of the working face, and the fresh air box (500) is arranged away from the front of the working face; a fresh air inlet and a fresh air outlet are provided on the fresh air box (500); the fresh air outlet is arranged toward the working face or toward the side wall of the tunnel, and the fresh air inlet is connected to the tunnel wind tube (700); The dust removal method comprises: introducing fresh air into the fresh air box (500) through the laneway air duct (700), so that the fresh air of the fresh air box (500) is blown out from the fresh air outlet and transported to the working surface, thereby increasing the wind pressure on the working surface, and at the same time, the negative pressure of the dust collection box (600) sucks the dust on the working surface into the dust collection box (600) and discharges it from the working surface along the dust collection pipe; The fresh air box (500) is a wind flow reversing device (100) and is connected to a branch wind box (115) via a connecting wind pipe (104); the wind flow reversing device (100) is used to be connected to a tunnel wind tube (700), and to directly send a portion of fresh air out of the wind flow reversing device (100) and blow it toward the working surface, and to send another portion of fresh air to the branch wind box (115) via a connecting wind pipe (104) and blow it toward the working surface via the branch wind box (115), thereby pressurizing dust on the working surface from both sides of the tunnel, and forcing the dust to enter a dust collection box (600); The wind flow reversing device (100) is a shell structure, with an air inlet (102) provided on a side away from the working surface, an air outlet (103) provided on a side close to the working surface, and an adjustment port provided on a side close to the air distribution box (115). An adjustment mechanism is provided inside the wind flow reversing device (100), and the adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the air volume of fresh air entering the air distribution box (115) through the adjustment port, thereby adjusting the wind pressure on both sides of the tunnel.

2. A new air dust removal method for negative pressure-dominated positive pressure balance for excavation working face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The new air box (500) is fixed on a side of the tunnel boring machine (200) away from the front of the working face, and the dust suction box (600) is fixed on a side of the tunnel boring machine (200) close to the front of the working face.

3. A new air dust removal method for negative pressure-dominated positive pressure balance for excavation working face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating mechanism comprises: A turning door plate (106) is arranged close to the regulating port, one side of which is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (107) sleeved on the housing of the airflow reversing device (100); A connecting plate (108), one end of which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft (107); The hydraulic cylinder (111) is located at the bottom of the wind flow reverser (100), with its fixed end fixed to the bottom of the wind flow reverser (100) and its movable end hinged to the other end of the connecting plate (108) for pulling the other end of the connecting plate (108) to move left and right, thereby rotating the rotating shaft (107) and rotating the steering door plate (106).

4. A new air dust removal method for negative pressure-dominated positive pressure balance for excavation working face according to claim 3, characterized in that: The regulating mechanism also includes: The left side of the positioning slide plate (110) abuts against the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder (111); the right side of the positioning slide plate (110) is fixedly connected to the left end of the screw rod (109); the right end of the screw rod (109) is fixed to the bottom of the airflow reversing device (100); the positioning slide plate (110) is used to abut against the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder (111), thereby limiting the hydraulic cylinder (111) so that the steering door plate (106) is maintained at a certain opening.

5. A new air dust removal method for negative pressure-dominated positive pressure balance for excavation working face according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower side of the positioning slide plate (110) is fixedly connected to two symmetrically arranged ear rods (112); The regulating mechanism also includes: The bottom of the bottom rail (113) is fixed to the bottom of the inner cavity of the airflow reversing device (100) and is a strip-shaped rectangular frame. The two longer sides of the bottom rail are provided with strip-shaped grooves (114). The two strip-shaped grooves (114) are used for the two ear rods (112) of the positioning slide plate (110) to extend therein, thereby allowing the positioning slide plate (110) to reciprocate along the direction of the strip-shaped grooves (114) under the drive of the screw rod (109).

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