A drum-type seed grading machine

Abstract

This invention discloses a drum-type seed grading machine, including a base on which a drum body, a central shaft, and a first motor for driving the central shaft to rotate are mounted. The central shaft is connected to the end center of the drum body via an eccentric mechanism, and the drum hub at the end of the drum body can rotate relative to the eccentric mechanism. The seed grading machine also includes an eccentric position switching mechanism for supplying power to the drum body; the eccentric position switching mechanism ensures that the rotational speeds of the central shaft and the drum body are unequal. In this invention, when the drum body is rotating, the maximum eccentric position continuously changes, and the centrifugal force generated by the drum body causes the material to be graded to move towards the maximum eccentric position. Therefore, the movement of the material to be graded within the drum body can be significantly improved, increasing the utilization rate of the screen surface and achieving the effect of improving grading efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grading technology for agricultural seeds, and in particular to a drum-type seed grading machine. Background Technology

[0002] Seed grading is a crucial step in ensuring seed quality and improving agricultural production efficiency. Grading seeds allows for the selection of uniformly sized, high-quality seeds, thereby increasing crop yield and quality. The cylindrical sieve, a commonly used agricultural seed grading device, is widely used in agricultural production due to its simple structure and ease of operation. It uses a rotating sieve cylinder to grade seeds by size; smaller seeds pass through the sieve holes, while larger seeds exit from the other end of the cylinder.

[0003] However, cylindrical screens also have some drawbacks in practical use. One prominent issue is the low utilization rate of the screen surface, mainly because the seeds do not move frequently enough on the screen surface, resulting in low screening efficiency. To address these issues, the applicant's prior application CN 115400935A provides a structure for installation inside a cylinder to improve the utilization rate of the cylindrical screen surface and thus increase grading efficiency. This structure needs to be installed inside the cylinder, and its size needs to increase with the size of the cylinder, resulting in poor versatility and high manufacturing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a drum-type seed grading machine that can promote the movement of materials in a cylindrical screen and improve screening efficiency.

[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a drum-type seed grading machine, which includes a base on which a drum body, a central shaft, and a first motor for driving the central shaft to rotate are mounted;

[0006] The central shaft is connected to the end center of the roller body through an eccentric mechanism, and the roller hub at the end of the roller body can rotate relative to the eccentric mechanism.

[0007] The seed grading machine also includes an eccentric position switching mechanism that supplies power to the drum body; the eccentric position switching mechanism causes the rotational speeds of the central shaft and the drum body to be unequal.

[0008] In the above structure, the eccentric mechanism causes the center of the roller body to have an eccentricity relative to the center of the central shaft; in addition, since there is a speed difference between the central shaft and the roller body, when the central shaft and the roller body operate together, the maximum eccentric position on the roller body can be continuously changed, realizing the rotation of the maximum eccentric position on the roller body, and each position on the outer edge of the roller body can become the maximum eccentric position.

[0009] Furthermore, the eccentric position switching mechanism includes a central shaft, and a transmission relationship is established between the central shaft and the central shaft through a first gear set; a transmission relationship is established between the first gear set and the drum hub through a second gear set; the total transmission ratio of the second gear set and the first gear set is not equal to 1; the output gear of the second gear set is coaxially and rotatably mounted with the central shaft, and the output gear is connected to the drum hub through a transfer mechanism. In this solution, the drum body is indirectly driven by the central shaft through the eccentric position switching mechanism. The speed difference between the two is strictly related to the total transmission ratio of the second gear set and the first gear set, resulting in good synchronization. The eccentric switching mechanism is not affected by fluctuations in the output speed of the first motor, and the speed requirement for the first motor is low.

[0010] Furthermore, the adapter mechanism includes at least one pin fixed to the end face of the output gear, and the roller hub has a strip groove for the pin to be inserted into, the strip groove extending radially along the roller hub. With this structure, power transmission between the relatively eccentric roller hub and the central shaft can be realized.

[0011] Furthermore, the eccentric position switching mechanism includes a second motor mounted on the base, a first gear fixed on the output shaft of the second motor, and a second gear rotatably mounted on the central shaft that meshes with the first gear; the second gear transmits power to the drum hub.

[0012] Furthermore, a drive pin is fixed on the end face of the second gear, and the roller hub has a strip groove for the drive pin to be inserted, the strip groove extending radially along the roller hub.

[0013] Furthermore, the eccentric mechanism includes two eccentric sleeves, namely a first eccentric sleeve and a second eccentric sleeve, the first eccentric sleeve and the second eccentric sleeve having a first eccentric distance and a second eccentric distance respectively; the first eccentric sleeve is fixed relative to the central shaft; the second eccentric sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the first eccentric sleeve, and the relative angle between the two can be changed; the roller hub is rotatably mounted relative to the second eccentric sleeve.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer wall of the first eccentric sleeve has a first groove arranged in a circumferential array, and the inner wall of the second eccentric sleeve has a second groove arranged in a circumferential array. The eccentric mechanism also includes multiple fixing pins, which are embedded in pin holes formed by the first and second grooves to achieve relative fixation between the first and second eccentric sleeves. When it is necessary to adjust the eccentricity, the fixing pins can be pulled out and the first and second eccentric sleeves can be rotated relative to each other. After rotation to the correct position, the fixing pins can be reinserted, thus achieving adjustment of the eccentricity. To facilitate the insertion and removal of the fixing pins, all fixing pins can be fixed on the same block, and all fixing pins can be inserted and removed simultaneously by moving the block.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The drum-type seed grading machine of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) When the drum body is running, the maximum eccentric position changes continuously, and the centrifugal force generated by the drum body causes the material to be classified to move towards the maximum eccentric position. Therefore, the movement of the material to be classified in the drum body can be greatly improved, the screen surface utilization rate can be improved, and the classification efficiency can be improved.

[0017] (2) By changing the relative angle of the two eccentric sleeves, the first eccentricity and the second eccentricity can complement or cancel each other, thereby adjusting the eccentricity of the entire eccentric mechanism and making the eccentricity adjustable as needed. This changes the distribution of the graded material in the drum body when the drum body is running, selects the best eccentricity, and adjusts the grading efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is an external view of the drum-type seed grading machine in Example 1;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the drum-type seed grading machine in Example 1;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of section B;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the seed grading machine in Example 1;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the seed grading machine in Example 1;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the seed grading machine in Example 2;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the seed grading machine in Example 2;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the seed grading machine in Example 2.

[0026] In the figure: 1-Drum body; 11-Drum hub; 12-Strip groove; 2-Central shaft; 3-First motor; 4-Eccentric mechanism; 41-First eccentric sleeve; 42-Second eccentric sleeve; 43-Fixing pin; 44-Block; 5-Eccentric position switching mechanism; 51-Central shaft; 52-First gear set; 53-Second gear set; 53a-Output gear; 54-Pin shaft; 55-Second motor; 56-First gear; 57-Second gear; 58-Drive pin; 10-Base. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The illustrated roller-type seed grading machine includes a base 10, on which a roller body 1, a central shaft 2, and a first motor 3 for driving the central shaft 2 to rotate are mounted. The central shaft 2 is connected to the end center of the roller body 1 via an eccentric mechanism 4, and the roller hub 11 at the end of the roller body 1 can rotate relative to the eccentric mechanism 4. The seed grading machine also includes an eccentric position switching mechanism 5 for supplying power to the roller body 1. The eccentric position switching mechanism 5 ensures that the rotational speeds of the central shaft 2 and the roller body 1 are not equal.

[0030] In the above structure, the eccentric mechanism 4 creates an eccentricity between the center of the drum body 1 and the center of the central shaft 2. Furthermore, due to the speed difference between the central shaft 2 and the drum body 1, when they operate together, the maximum eccentric position on the drum body 1 continuously changes, allowing for rotation of the maximum eccentric position. Every position on the outer edge of the drum body 1 can become the maximum eccentric position. During drum body 1 operation, the constantly changing maximum eccentric position and the centrifugal force generated by the drum body 1 cause the material to be classified to move towards the maximum eccentric position. Therefore, the movement of the material being classified within the drum body 1 can be significantly improved, increasing the screen surface utilization rate and achieving the effect of improving classification efficiency.

[0031] In this embodiment, as Figures 3-5The eccentric position switching mechanism 5 shown includes a central shaft 51. A transmission relationship is established between the central shaft 2 and the central shaft 51 via a first gear set 52. A transmission relationship is established between the first gear set 52 and the drum hub 11 via a second gear set 53. The total transmission ratio between the second gear set 53 and the first gear set 52 is not equal to 1. The output gear 53a of the second gear set 53 is coaxially and rotatably mounted with the central shaft 2, and the output gear 53a is connected to the drum hub 11 via a transfer mechanism. In this embodiment, the drum body 1 is indirectly driven by the central shaft 2 through the eccentric position switching mechanism 5. The speed difference between the two is strictly related to the total transmission ratio between the second gear set 53 and the first gear set 52, resulting in good synchronization. The eccentric switching mechanism is not affected by fluctuations in the output speed of the first motor 3, and the speed requirement for the first motor 3 is low.

[0032] Preferably, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the adapter mechanism includes at least one pin 54 fixed on the end face of the output gear 53a. The roller hub 11 has a strip groove 12 for the pin 54 to be inserted into. The strip groove 12 extends radially along the roller hub 11. With this structure, power transmission between the relatively eccentric roller hub 11 and the central shaft 2 can be realized.

[0033] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the eccentric mechanism 4 includes two eccentric sleeves, namely a first eccentric sleeve 41 and a second eccentric sleeve 42, which have a first eccentric distance and a second eccentric distance, respectively; the first eccentric sleeve 41 is fixed relative to the central shaft 2; the second eccentric sleeve 42 is sleeved on the outside of the first eccentric sleeve 41, and the relative angle between the two can be changed; the roller hub 11 is rotatably mounted relative to the second eccentric sleeve 42.

[0034] By changing the relative angle of the two eccentric sleeves, the first eccentricity and the second eccentricity can complement or cancel each other, thereby adjusting the eccentricity of the entire eccentric mechanism 4. This allows the eccentricity to be adjusted as needed, thus changing the distribution of the graded material within the drum body 1 during its operation. By selecting the optimal eccentricity, the grading efficiency can be adjusted.

[0035] Preferably, the outer wall of the first eccentric sleeve 41 has a first groove arranged in a circumferential array, and the inner wall of the second eccentric sleeve 42 has a second groove arranged in a circumferential array. The eccentric mechanism 4 further includes a plurality of fixing pins 43, which are embedded in pin holes formed by the first and second grooves to achieve relative fixation between the first eccentric sleeve 41 and the second eccentric sleeve 42. When it is necessary to adjust the eccentricity, the fixing pins 43 can be pulled out and the first eccentric sleeve 41 and the second eccentric sleeve 42 can be rotated relative to each other. After rotation, the fixing pins 43 can be reinserted, thus achieving adjustment of the eccentricity. To facilitate insertion and removal of the fixing pins 43, all fixing pins 43 can be fixed on the same block 44, and all fixing pins 43 can be inserted and removed simultaneously by moving the block 44.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] In this embodiment, the overall structure of the seed grading machine is the same as in Embodiment 1, the main difference being the structure of the eccentric position switching mechanism 5. In this embodiment, as shown... Figure 6 As shown, the eccentric position switching mechanism 5 includes a second motor 55 mounted on the base 10. A first gear 56 is fixed on the output shaft of the second motor 55, and a second gear 57 that meshes with the first gear 56 is rotatably mounted on the central shaft 2; the second gear 57 transmits power to the drum hub 11. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a drive pin 58 is fixed on the end face of the second gear 57, and the roller hub 11 has a strip groove 12 for the drive pin 58 to be inserted into, the strip groove 12 extending radially along the roller hub 11.

[0038] In this embodiment, the first motor 3 and the second motor 55 operate separately, so that the rotation speed of the central shaft 2 is different from that of the drum body 1. By controlling the rotation speeds of the first motor 3 and the second motor 55 respectively, the speed difference can be precisely adjusted to achieve different speed differences. In this way, the rotation speed at the maximum eccentric position can be achieved, the utilization rate of the screen surface can be adjusted, and the grading efficiency can be improved.

[0039] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drum-type seed grading machine, comprising a base (10), on which a drum body (1), a central shaft (2), and a first motor (3) for driving the central shaft (2) to rotate are mounted; characterized in that: The central shaft (2) is connected to the end center of the roller body (1) through the eccentric mechanism (4), and the roller hub (11) at the end of the roller body (1) can rotate relative to the eccentric mechanism (4). The seed grading machine also includes an eccentric position switching mechanism (5) for supplying power to the roller body (1); the eccentric position switching mechanism (5) makes the rotation speeds of the central shaft (2) and the roller body (1) unequal. Due to the speed difference between the central shaft (2) and the roller body (1), when the central shaft (2) and the roller body (1) operate together, the maximum eccentric position on the roller body (1) changes continuously, thereby realizing the switching of the maximum eccentric position on the roller body (1); The eccentric position switching mechanism (5) includes a central shaft (51), and the central shaft (2) and the central shaft (51) are connected by a first gear set (52); the first gear set (52) and the roller hub (11) are connected by a second gear set (53); the total transmission ratio between the second gear set (53) and the first gear set (52) is not equal to 1; the output gear (53a) of the second gear set (53) is coaxially and rotatably mounted with the central shaft (2), and the output gear (53a) is connected to the roller hub (11) through a transfer mechanism.

2. The drum-type seed grading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adapter mechanism includes at least one pin (54) fixed to the end face of the output gear (53a), and the roller hub (11) has a strip groove (12) for the pin (54) to be inserted into, the strip groove (12) extending radially along the roller hub (11).

3. The drum-type seed grading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The eccentric position switching mechanism (5) includes a second motor (55) mounted on the base (10), a first gear (56) fixed on the output shaft of the second motor (55), and a second gear (57) rotatably mounted on the central shaft (2) meshing with the first gear (56); the second gear (57) transmits power to the drum hub (11).

4. The drum-type seed grading machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, A drive pin (58) is fixed on the end face of the second gear (57), and the roller hub (11) has a strip groove (12) for the drive pin (58) to be inserted, and the strip groove (12) extends radially along the roller hub (11).

5. The drum-type seed grading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The eccentric mechanism (4) includes two eccentric sleeves, namely a first eccentric sleeve (41) and a second eccentric sleeve (42); the first eccentric sleeve (41) is fixed relative to the central shaft (2); the second eccentric sleeve (42) is sleeved on the outside of the first eccentric sleeve (41), and the relative angle between the two can be changed; the roller hub (11) is rotatably mounted relative to the second eccentric sleeve (42).

6. The drum-type seed grading machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the first eccentric sleeve (41) has a first groove arranged in a circumferential array, and the inner wall of the second eccentric sleeve (42) has a second groove arranged in a circumferential array; the eccentric mechanism (4) also includes a plurality of fixing pins (43), which are embedded in the pin hole formed by the first groove and the second groove.

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