A Soil Property and Heavy Metal Detection Platform and Its Usage Method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a soil property and heavy metal detection platform, which includes a drilling part for inserting into the ground to collect soil samples, a driving part for driving the drilling part to insert into the soil, and a hyperspectral spectrometer. The hyperspectral spectrometer includes a hyperspectral spectrometer main body and a detection head that are separately arranged; the detection head is connected to the bottom end of the drilling part, and the detection head is communicatively connected to the hyperspectral spectrometer main body. A method for using a soil property and heavy metal detection platform is to insert the detection head together with the drilling part below the ground surface to obtain the spectral information of the soil in real time for in-situ detection. This is to solve the problems in the prior art that when conducting a soil heavy metal pollution investigation through field sample collection and laboratory chemical analysis, the investigation process is cumbersome, the cycle is long, and only point information can be obtained, making it difficult to quickly and effectively determine the scope of soil heavy metal pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil property and heavy metal detection, and particularly relates to a soil property and heavy metal detection platform and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of society, the discharge of waste in various industrial activities such as mineral mining, metal processing, and chemical production has caused increasingly serious soil heavy metal pollution, threatening the safety of agricultural products and human health. The prevention and control of soil heavy metal pollution has become one of the important tasks in the field of environmental protection. Soil properties are one of the important reference indicators for selecting heavy metal pollution treatment technologies. Soil heavy metal detection is the premise and basis for heavy metal pollution assessment. The detection of soil properties and heavy metals is particularly important for soil heavy metal pollution prevention and control work.

[0003] In-situ soil property and heavy metal detection methods have a broader prospect in the field of soil heavy metal pollution investigation. The in-situ detection method relies on drilling technology, combines a spectral sensor with the drilling process, and can conduct in-situ detection and exploration while drilling at the detection point, realizing continuous and in-situ detection and recording of heavy metal pollutants in the detection area. Hyperspectral remote sensing technology can quickly obtain the reflection spectrum of soil samples, and not only can obtain the soil mineral type through qualitative analysis, but also can estimate the heavy metal content by establishing an inversion model.

[0004] In the prior art, traditional soil heavy metal pollution investigations are mainly achieved through field sampling and laboratory chemical analysis. Although the detection accuracy is high, the investigation process is cumbersome, the cycle is long, and only point information can be obtained, making it difficult to quickly and effectively determine the scope of soil heavy metal pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil property and heavy metal detection platform and a using method thereof to solve the problems that when the prior art realizes soil heavy metal pollution investigation through field sampling and laboratory chemical analysis, the investigation process is cumbersome, the cycle is long, and only point information can be obtained, making it difficult to quickly and effectively determine the scope of soil heavy metal pollution.

[0006] The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A soil property and heavy metal detection platform includes a drilling part for inserting into the ground to take soil samples, a driving part for driving the drilling part to insert into the soil, and a hyperspectral instrument. The hyperspectral instrument includes a hyperspectral instrument main body and a detection head that are separately arranged;

[0008] The detection head is connected to the bottom end of the drilling part, and the detection head is communicatively connected to the hyperspectral instrument main body.

[0009] Further, the drilling part includes a drill pipe in a vertical state and a casing rotatably and coaxially fitted with the drill pipe. A spiral blade is wound and fixedly connected to the outside of the drill pipe from the top to the bottom, and the outer edge of the spiral blade is in contact with the inner wall of the casing.

[0010] The driving part is used to drive the casing and the drill pipe to move vertically together, and the driving part is also used to drive the drill pipe to rotate inside the casing.

[0011] Further, a shaping box is fixedly connected to the spiral groove at the bottom end of the spiral blade, and the spiral groove is blocked by the shaping box.

[0012] The shaping box has a hollow structure, and both side walls along the rotation direction of the drill pipe are open and communicate with the spiral groove.

[0013] The detection head is fixedly connected to the top edge of the end face of the shaping box facing away from the rotation direction of the drill pipe, and the detection head is used to vertically detect the soil sample in the spiral groove.

[0014] Further, two rolling cylinders arranged in parallel and vertically are provided in the shaping box. The outer circumferential surfaces of the two rolling cylinders are respectively in contact with the inner top surface and the inner bottom surface of the shaping box, and there is a gap between the two rolling cylinders.

[0015] Both ends of the two rolling cylinders are respectively rotatably fitted with the two side walls inside the shaping box, and the axis of the rolling cylinder intersects with the axis of the drill pipe.

[0016] Further, both ends of the two rolling cylinders facing away from the drill pipe penetrate through the side wall of the shaping box facing away from the drill pipe and are respectively coaxially fixedly connected to two meshing synchronous gears.

[0017] A linkage assembly is provided between the two rolling cylinders and the drill pipe. When the drill pipe rotates on the casing, the two rolling cylinders are driven to rotate synchronously and in opposite directions through the linkage assembly.

[0018] Further, a plurality of pushing strips are fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surfaces of the two rolling cylinders, and the plurality of pushing strips are arranged in an annular array around the axis of the corresponding rolling cylinder.

[0019] Further, the linkage assembly includes a crown gear provided inside the casing and coaxially fixedly connected thereto, and a transmission gear meshing with the crown gear. The transmission gear is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of one of the rolling cylinders facing away from the drill pipe, and when the drill pipe drills the soil, the two rolling cylinders rotate and approach on the side facing away from the detection head.

[0020] A usage method of a soil property and heavy metal detection platform includes using the above soil property and heavy metal detection platform, and the usage method is as follows:

[0021] S1. Equipment arrival and debugging:

[0022] Before starting, check whether the transmission connection between the drilling unit and the driving unit is stable, and check whether the signal transmission between the detection head and the hyperspectrometer body is stable; confirm that all safety devices are in working condition and the site meets safety requirements; if there is a hardened layer on the ground, the hardened area needs to be broken in advance;

[0023] S2. Drilling and sampling:

[0024] The driving unit drives the drilling unit to move vertically downward and insert into the soil, continuously taking soil samples, and continuously or intermittently detecting the soil samples through the detection head to obtain spectral information of the soil samples, and transmitting it to the hyperspectrometer body, and the spectral information is processed and analyzed by the hyperspectrometer body, and a hyperspectral image is generated from the processed spectral data to obtain the reflectance spectrum of the soil in the soil samples at different soil depths;

[0025] S3. Data processing and analysis:

[0026] To determine the soil properties, the measured soil reflectance spectrum is subjected to mineral spectrum comparison analysis; the soil reflectance spectrum is opened in the software, the target spectrum is first peaked, and then searched in the standard library to determine the mineral type of the soil sample;

[0027] To estimate the heavy metal content, the soil reflectance spectrum is first preprocessed, the bands with large noise are eliminated, and the spectral curve is smoothed and denoised; after preprocessing, the spectral curve is mathematically transformed to highlight the spectral characteristics; finally, the processed spectrum is brought into the model to estimate the heavy metal content.

[0028] Furthermore, when the driving part drives the drilling part to move vertically downward, the drill rod rotates forward, the edge of the bottom end of the spiral blade cuts the soil, and lifts the soil into the spiral groove of the spiral blade. The casing blocks the spiral groove from the side to limit the movement of the soil so as to collect soil samples.

[0029] Furthermore, the spiral blade rotates forward, causing the soil sample to move upward along the spiral blade; at the same time, the two rolling cylinders rotate synchronously in opposite directions. After the soil sample moves into the shaping box, the two rolling cylinders squeeze and shape the loose soil sample, making the soil sample more compact and regular and moving out from the gap between the two rolling cylinders. When it moves to the bottom of the detection head, the detection head collects the spectral information of the soil sample;

[0030] As the drill rod drives the spiral blade to continue to rotate forward, the spiral blade continuously collects soil samples within the corresponding soil depth, and lifts the soil samples at different soil depths in the casing to move continuously upward, thereby collecting the spectral information of the soil samples at the corresponding soil depth in real time.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0032] The soil property and heavy metal detection platform separates the hyperspectrometer main body and the detection head, and connects the detection head to the bottom end of the drilling part, so that the detection head follows the drilling part and is inserted underground together. By combining hyperspectral remote sensing technology with the drilling process, soil sampling and collection of the reflectance spectrum of soil samples are realized synchronously, eliminating the complex process of transporting samples to the laboratory for testing and improving the efficiency of soil sample detection.

[0033] A method for using a soil property and heavy metal detection platform quickly obtains the reflectance spectrum of a soil sample by using a hyperspectrometer. By processing and analyzing the spectrum, the heavy metal content of soil samples at different depths can be obtained in-situ and quickly, so as to quickly judge the spatial distribution of heavy metal content in the soil, quickly determine the degree and scope of heavy metal pollution of the site, and thus improve the detection efficiency.

[0034] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described to some extent in the subsequent specification, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the study of the following text, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following specification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the drilling part in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is an exploded view of the drilling part in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the shaping box in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the rolling cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 is Figure 3 an enlarged view of part A in;

[0041] Figure 7 It is a spectral curve diagram of a soil sample in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a flow chart for determining the properties of a soil sample in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 9 It is the mineral type and content of a soil sample in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10 This is the estimation result diagram of the soil heavy metal vanadium content in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0045] In the figure: hyperspectral spectrometer main body 11, detection head 12, direct push drill 13;

[0046] Drill pipe 21, casing 22, spiral blade 23, drill bit 24;

[0047] Shaping box 31, rolling cylinder 32, pushing strip 321, synchronous gear 33, crown gear 34, transmission gear 35. Specific embodiments

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0049] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] It should be noted that: similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0051] In the above description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "one side", "the other side", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0052] In addition, terms such as "the same" do not mean that the components must be absolutely the same, but there may be slight differences. The term "perpendicular" only means that the positional relationship between components is relatively more perpendicular than "parallel", and does not mean that the structure must be completely perpendicular, but can be slightly inclined.

[0053] Please refer to Figures 1-6 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a soil property and heavy metal detection platform, including a drilling part for inserting into the ground to take soil samples, a driving part for driving the drilling part to insert into the soil, and a hyperspectral spectrometer. The hyperspectral spectrometer includes a separately arranged hyperspectral spectrometer main body 11 and a detection head 12;

[0054] The detection head 12 is connected to the bottom end of the drilling part, and the detection head 12 is communicatively connected to the hyperspectral spectrometer main body 11.

[0055] The hyperspectral spectrometer main body 11 and the detection head 12 are separately arranged, and the detection head 12 is connected to the bottom end of the drilling part, so that the detection head 12 follows the drilling part and inserts into the ground together. By combining the hyperspectral remote sensing technology with the drilling process, soil sampling and the acquisition of the reflectance spectrum of the soil sample are synchronously realized, saving the complex process of transporting the sample to the laboratory for detection and improving the efficiency of soil sample detection. A computer for processing and analyzing spectral data and generating a hyperspectral image is built into the hyperspectral spectrometer main body 11, and a software program for processing the hyperspectral image and analyzing and estimating the types and contents of heavy metals is installed on the computer.

[0056] The driving part is a direct-push drill 13, and the hyperspectral spectrometer main body 11 is fixedly welded to the direct-push drill 13. A storage battery and a wifi module are arranged on the detection head 12, and the storage battery and the wifi module are electrically connected to the detection head 12 respectively. A wifi module is also electrically connected to the hyperspectral spectrometer main body 11, and the wifi module on the detection head 12 is wirelessly communicatively connected to the wifi module on the hyperspectral spectrometer main body 11, so as to wirelessly transmit the spectral information of the soil sample collected by the underground detection head 12 to the hyperspectral spectrometer main body 11 and finally to the computer, so as to obtain the reflectance spectrum of the soil sample at the corresponding soil depth and perform data processing and analysis at the computer end to achieve the purpose of in-situ detection.

[0057] In this embodiment: the drilling part includes a drill pipe 21 in a vertical state and a casing 22 rotatably and coaxially fitted with the drill pipe 21. A spiral blade 23 is wound and fixedly connected to the outside of the drill pipe 21 from the top end to the bottom end, and the outer edge of the spiral blade 23 is in contact with the inner wall of the casing 22;

[0058] The driving part is used to drive the casing 22 and the drill pipe 21 to move together in the vertical direction, and the driving part is also used to drive the drill pipe 21 to rotate inside the casing 22.

[0059] The top ends of the drill pipe 21 and the casing 22 are both connected to the output end of the direct-push drill 13, and the drill pipe 21 and the casing 22 are pushed vertically downward into the soil together by the direct-push drill 13. At the same time, the direct-push drill 13 drives the drill pipe 21 to rotate forward inside the casing 22. Since the direct-push drill 13 is an existing mature technology, there is no need to elaborate on the structure and working principle of the direct-push drill 13 here. Among them, the specific model of the direct-push drill 13 is Anhui Hengchuang Intelligent HC450.

[0060] The bottom end of the drill pipe 21 protrudes outside the casing 22 and is coaxially and fixedly connected with a drill bit 24, and the diameter value of the drill bit 24 is equal to the diameter value of the outer circular surface of the casing 22. When the drill pipe 21 rotates, the drill bit 24 stirs the soil, destroys the structure of the soil, and loosens the soil so as to facilitate the insertion of the drill pipe 21 and the casing 22 into the soil. By sleeving the casing 22 outside the drill pipe 21, the hollow area between the casing 22 and the drill pipe 21 is a storage chamber for soil samples; by winding and fixedly connecting a spiral blade 23 outside the drill pipe 21, the spiral groove of the spiral blade 23 is used as a conveying channel for soil samples; a discharge hole for discharging soil samples is opened on the side wall of the top end of the casing 22.

[0061] When performing the soil origin detection work, the direct-push drill 13 pushes the casing 22 and the drill pipe 21 to move vertically downward together. At the same time, the drill pipe 21 and the drill bit 24 rotate forward together. The drill bit 24 first contacts the soil and stirs the soil to loosen the soil. When the bottom end of the casing 22 contacts the soil, the drill pipe 21 drives the spiral blade 23 to rotate forward. The bottom edge of the spiral blade 23 cuts and lifts the soil, so that the soil is pushed into the spiral groove to form a soil sample for soil sampling work. As the spiral blade 23 rotates forward continuously, the soil sample is continuously lifted until it reaches the position of the discharge hole and loses the blockage of the side wall of the casing 22, and then moves out from the discharge hole.

[0062] In this embodiment: A shaping box 31 is fixedly connected inside the spiral groove at the bottom end of the spiral blade 23, and the spiral groove is blocked by the shaping box 31;

[0063] The shaping box 31 has a hollow structure, and both side walls along the rotation direction of the drill pipe 21 are open and are both communicated with the spiral groove;

[0064] The detection head 12 is fixedly connected to the top edge of the end face of the shaping box 31 facing away from the rotation direction of the drill pipe 21, and the detection head 12 vertically detects the soil sample in the spiral groove.

[0065] By arranging a shaping box 31 in the spiral groove at the bottom end of the spiral blade 23 and covering and blocking the spiral groove with the shaping box 31, the interior of the shaping box 31 serves as the only conveying channel for the soil sample, and the spatial dimension inside the shaping box 31 is smaller than that of the spiral groove. Thus, after the loose soil sample enters the shaping box 31, it is extruded and shaped, making the soil sample compact and regular, which is convenient for the detection head 12 to detect the soil sample. At the same time, by extruding the soil sample to be relatively compact and regular, the influence of the different degrees of looseness of the soil sample on the detection result is reduced.

[0066] In this embodiment: Two rolling cylinders 32 arranged in parallel and vertically are provided inside the shaping box 31. The outer circumferential surfaces of the two rolling cylinders 32 are respectively in contact with the inner top surface and the inner bottom surface of the shaping box 31, and there is a gap between the two rolling cylinders 32.

[0067] Both ends of the two rolling cylinders 32 are respectively rotatably matched with the two side walls inside the shaping box 31, and the axis of the rolling cylinder 32 intersects with the axis of the drill pipe 21.

[0068] In this embodiment: Both ends of the two rolling cylinders 32 facing away from the drill pipe 21 penetrate through the side wall of the shaping box 31 facing away from the drill pipe 21 and are respectively coaxially and fixedly connected to two meshing synchronous gears 33.

[0069] A linkage assembly is provided between the two rolling cylinders 32 and the drill pipe 21. When the drill pipe 21 rotates on the casing 22, the two rolling cylinders 32 are driven to rotate synchronously and in opposite directions through the linkage assembly.

[0070] By arranging two rolling cylinders 32 arranged in parallel and vertically and using the gap between the two rolling cylinders 32 as the conveying channel for the soil sample; the two rolling cylinders 32 are associated through two synchronous gears 33 to make the two rolling cylinders 32 rotate in opposite directions; when the drill pipe 21 rotates forward, power is transmitted to the two rolling cylinders 32 through the linkage assembly, making the two rolling cylinders 32 rotate synchronously and forward, and the rotation directions are opposite, so as to roll and shape the soil sample entering the gap between the two rolling cylinders 32, making the soil sample compact and regular, which is convenient for the detection work of the detection head 12 on the soil sample.

[0071] In this embodiment: A plurality of pushing strips 321 are fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surfaces of the two rolling cylinders 32, and the plurality of pushing strips 321 are arranged in an annular array around the axis of the corresponding rolling cylinder 32.

[0072] By providing a pushing strip 321 on the outer circumferential surface of the rolling cylinder 32, when the rolling cylinder 32 rotates forward, since the pushing strip 321 protrudes from the outer circumferential surface of the rolling cylinder 32, the pushing strip 321 is inserted into the loose soil sample and rotates to push the loose soil sample close to the gap between the two rolling cylinders 32; a plurality of pushing strips 321 in the upper rolling cylinder 32 and a plurality of pushing strips 321 in the lower rolling cylinder 32 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. When a pushing strip 321 in the upper rolling cylinder 32 rotates to the lowest point, the corresponding pushing strip 321 in the lower rolling cylinder 32 rotates to the highest point, and the two pushing strips 321 are attached to the sides facing away from the corresponding rolling cylinders 32 to cut off the soil sample and push the extruded and shaped soil sample out of the gap, and the detection head 12 performs the detection work. The plurality of pushing strips 321 on the rolling cylinder 32 are arranged in a circular array to cut the shaped soil sample into blocks or strips of the same specification by the pushing strips 321 on the two rolling cylinders 32, further reducing the detection error of the detection head 12.

[0073] In this embodiment: The linkage assembly includes a crown gear 34 provided in the sleeve 22 and coaxially and fixedly connected, and a transmission gear 35 meshing with the crown gear 34. The transmission gear 35 is coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the rolling cylinder 32 facing away from the drill rod 21, and when the drill rod 21 drills the soil, the two rolling cylinders 32 rotate closer on the side facing away from the detection head 12.

[0074] By providing a crown gear 34 in the sleeve 22 and providing a transmission gear 35 meshing with the crown gear 34 at one end of the upper rolling cylinder 32 facing away from the drill rod 21, through the meshing transmission of the crown gear 34 and the transmission gear 35, the rotation of the drill rod 21 on the pipe sleeve is associated with the rotation of the rolling cylinder 32 on the shaping box 31, so that when the drill rod 21 drives the drill bit 24 and the spiral blade 23 to drill the soil sample, the two rolling cylinders 32 rotate forward to roll and shape the soil sample and push the soil sample close to the detection head 12 to facilitate the detection work of the detection head 12.

[0075] A method for using a soil property and heavy metal detection platform, including using the above soil property and heavy metal detection platform, and the usage method is as follows:

[0076] S1. Equipment arrival and debugging:

[0077] Before starting, check whether the transmission connection between the drilling part and the driving part is stable, and check whether the signal transmission between the detection head 12 and the hyperspectral spectrometer main body 11 is stable; confirm that all safety devices are in working condition and the site meets the safety requirements; if there is a hardened layer on the ground part, the hardened area needs to break the hardened layer in advance;

[0078] S2. Drilling and sampling:

[0079] AsFigure 7 As shown, the driving part drives the drilling part to move vertically downward and insert into the soil, continuously collect soil samples, and continuously or intermittently detect the soil samples through the detection head 12 to obtain the spectral information of the soil samples, and transmit it to the hyperspectral spectrometer main body 11. The hyperspectral spectrometer main body 11 processes and analyzes the spectral information, and the processed spectral data generates a hyperspectral image to obtain the reflectivity map of the soil in the soil samples at different soil depths;

[0080] S3. Data processing and analysis:

[0081] As Figure 8 、 9 shown, for the determination of soil properties, the measured soil reflectivity map is subjected to mineral spectral comparison analysis; open the soil reflectivity map in the software, first perform peak searching on the target map, and then retrieve it in the standard library to determine the mineral type of the soil sample;

[0082] As Figure 10 shown, for the estimation of heavy metal content, the soil reflectivity map is first preprocessed, the bands with large noise are removed, and the spectral curve is smoothed to remove noise; after preprocessing, the spectral curve is subjected to mathematical transformation processing to highlight the spectral characteristics; finally, the processed map is brought into the model to estimate the heavy metal content;

[0083] S4. Judgment of the spatial distribution of heavy metals in polluted sites;

[0084] After the recorded pollutant data is processed, the three-dimensional distribution of soil composition and soil heavy metal content in the strata can be obtained. Then optimize the design of sampling points and sampling depths, and bring back more representative soil samples for laboratory analysis.

[0085] In this embodiment: when the driving part drives the drilling part to move vertically downward, the drill pipe 21 rotates forward, the bottom edge of the spiral blade 23 cuts the soil, and the soil is lifted into the spiral groove of the spiral blade 23. The casing 22 laterally blocks the spiral groove to restrict the soil from moving out to collect soil samples.

[0086] In this embodiment: the spiral blade 23 rotates forward to make the soil sample move upward along the spiral blade 23; at the same time, the two rolling cylinders 32 rotate synchronously in opposite directions. After the soil sample moves into the shaping box 31, the two rolling cylinders 32 squeeze and shape the loose soil sample, making the soil sample relatively compact and regular and moving out from the gap between the two rolling cylinders 32. When it moves to directly below the detection head 12, the detection head 12 collects the spectral information of the soil sample;

[0087] As the drill pipe 21 drives the spiral blade 23 to continuously rotate forward, soil samples within the corresponding soil depths are continuously collected inside the spiral blade 23, and the soil samples at different soil depths inside the casing 22 are lifted to continuously move upward, thereby collecting in real time the spectral information of the soil samples at the corresponding soil depths.

[0088] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil property and heavy metal detection platform, characterized by: It comprises a drilling part for inserting into the ground to collect soil samples, a driving part for driving the drilling part to be inserted into the soil, and a hyperspectrometer, wherein the hyperspectrometer comprises a hyperspectrometer body (11) and a detection head (12) which are arranged separately; The detection head (12) is connected to the bottom end of the drilling part, and the detection head (12) is communicatively connected to the hyperspectrometer body (11); The drilling part comprises a drill rod (21) in a vertical state and a casing (22) coaxially rotatably matched with the drill rod (21); a spiral blade (23) is wound around and fixedly connected to the outside of the drill rod (21) from the top end to the bottom end, and the outer edge of the spiral blade (23) is in contact with the inner wall of the casing (22); The driving part is used to drive the casing (22) and the drill rod (21) to move together in a vertical direction, and the driving part is also used to drive the drill rod (21) to rotate inside the casing (22); A shaping box (31) is fixedly connected in the spiral groove at the bottom end of the spiral blade (23), and the spiral groove is blocked by the shaping box (31); The shaping box (31) is of a hollow structure, and has two side walls along the rotation direction of the drill rod (21) that are open and both are connected to the spiral groove; The detection head (12) is fixedly connected to the top edge of the end surface of the shaping box (31) facing away from the rotation direction of the drill rod (21), and the soil sample in the spiral groove is detected vertically downward through the detection head (12); The shaping box (31) is provided with two rolling cylinders (32) which are parallel and arranged in the vertical direction, the outer circumferential surfaces of the two rolling cylinders (32) are respectively in contact with the inner top surface and the inner bottom surface of the shaping box (31), and a gap is provided between the two rolling cylinders (32); Both ends of the two rolling cylinders (32) are respectively rotatably matched with the inner side walls of the shaping box (31), and the axis of the rolling cylinder (32) intersects with the axis of the drill rod (21).

2. A soil property and heavy metal detection platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the two rolling cylinders (32) facing away from the drill rod (21) penetrate the side wall of the shaping box (31) facing away from the drill rod (21) and are coaxially fixedly connected to two meshing synchronous gears (33) respectively; A linkage assembly is provided between the two rolling cylinders (32) and the drill rod (21); when the drill rod (21) rotates on the casing (22), the linkage assembly drives the two rolling cylinders (32) to rotate synchronously in opposite directions.

3. A soil property and heavy metal detection platform according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of push bars are fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surfaces of the two rolling cylinders (32), and the plurality of push bars are arranged in a ring array around the axis of the corresponding rolling cylinder (32).

4. A soil property and heavy metal detection platform according to claim 2, characterized in that: The linkage assembly comprises a crown gear (34) which is arranged in the casing (22) and is coaxially fixedly connected, and a transmission gear (35) which meshes with the crown gear (34); the transmission gear (35) is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of one of the rolling cylinders (32) which is opposite to the drill rod (21); and when the drill rod (21) is drilling soil, the two rolling cylinders (32) rotate and approach each other on the side which is opposite to the detection head (12).

5. A method for using a soil property and heavy metal detection platform, characterized in that: The method comprises using the soil property and heavy metal detection platform described in claim 4, and the method of using the soil property and heavy metal detection platform is as follows: S1. Equipment entry and commissioning: Before starting, check whether the transmission connection between the drilling unit and the driving unit is stable, and check whether the signal transmission between the detection head (12) and the hyperspectrometer body (11) is stable; confirm that all safety devices are in working condition and the site meets safety requirements; if there is a hardened layer on the ground, the hardened area needs to break the hardened layer in advance; S2. Drilling and sampling: The driving unit drives the drilling unit to move vertically downward and insert into the soil, continuously taking soil samples, continuously or intermittently detecting the soil samples through the detection head (12) to obtain spectral information of the soil samples, and transmitting the spectral information to the hyperspectrometer body (11), processing and analyzing the spectral information through the hyperspectrometer body (11), generating a hyperspectral image with the processed spectral data, and obtaining a reflectance spectrum of the soil in the soil samples at different soil depths; S3. Data processing and analysis: To determine the soil properties, the measured soil reflectance spectrum is subjected to mineral spectrum comparison analysis; the soil reflectance spectrum is opened in the software, the target spectrum is first peaked, and then searched in the standard library to determine the mineral type of the soil sample; For the estimation of heavy metal content, the soil reflectance spectrum is preprocessed first, the bands with large noise are eliminated, and the spectrum curve is smoothed and denoised; after preprocessing, the spectrum curve is mathematically transformed to highlight the spectral characteristics; Finally, the processed spectrum was brought into the model to estimate the heavy metal content.

6. The method of use according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the driving part drives the drilling part to move vertically downward, the drill rod (21) rotates forward, the bottom edge of the spiral blade (23) cuts the soil and lifts the soil into the spiral groove of the spiral blade (23), and the casing (22) blocks the spiral groove from the side to limit the movement of the soil, so as to collect soil samples.

7. The method of use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spiral blade (23) rotates forward, causing the soil sample to move upward along the spiral blade (23); at the same time, the two rolling cylinders (32) rotate synchronously in opposite directions. After the soil sample moves into the shaping box (31), the two rolling cylinders (32) squeeze and shape the loose soil sample, making the soil sample more compact and regular and moving out from the gap between the two rolling cylinders (32). When the soil sample moves to the bottom of the detection head (12), the detection head (12) collects spectral information of the soil sample. As the drill rod (21) drives the spiral blade (23) to continuously rotate in the forward direction, the spiral blade (23) continuously collects soil samples within the corresponding soil depth, and lifts the soil samples at different soil depths in the casing (22) to continuously move upward, thereby collecting spectral information of the soil samples at the corresponding soil depth in real time.

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