energy storage device

Abstract

The application provides an energy storage device, and relates to the field of power supply, and comprises a box body, the inside of the box body has an energy storage space and an electrical space which are isolated from each other, and the electrical space is located below the energy storage space in the vertical direction; an energy storage device is located in the energy storage space; an electrical device is located in the electrical space; wherein the box body further comprises a first heat dissipation air duct, the first heat dissipation air duct is located on the side of the electrical space in the first direction, the first heat dissipation air duct has a first air outlet facing the upper part of the box body, and the first direction is perpendicular to the vertical direction; the electrical space comprises an electrical containing area and an air guide area, the air guide area is located on the side of the electrical containing area in the second direction, the electrical device is located in the electrical containing area, the electrical device has a wind passing channel, the wind passing channel extends along the second direction and communicates the outside of the box body with the air guide area, the air guide area is connected with the first heat dissipation air duct through the wind passing channel, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the vertical direction, the air outlet is located at the top, and the cooling effect is better.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of power supply, and particularly relates to a kind of energy storage device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The energy storage device is a device capable of storing electrical energy in the form of chemical energy, and the energy storage device can store input electrical energy or output electrical energy as needed, and the energy storage device generates heat during operation, which needs to be cooled by a cooling system to cool the energy storage element and the power distribution element, and the heat is discharged from the energy storage device through the heat dissipation port.In the scenario of adjacent arrangement of multiple energy storage devices, the heat discharged from each energy storage device may interact, resulting in reduced heat dissipation capacity of the energy storage device.

[0003] In addition, in the prior art, a corresponding energy storage converter is usually configured outside the energy storage device, resulting in a large volume of energy storage power station. Therefore, some improved schemes propose to use a relatively small modular energy storage converter to integrate with the power distribution element in the energy storage device, so that the energy storage device itself has the function of converting current, but since the heat generated by the modular energy storage converter is larger than that of the conventional power distribution element, how to effectively cool the energy storage device integrated with the converter becomes a problem to be considered. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides an energy storage device for solving the technical problem of how to reduce the mutual influence of heat discharged from adjacent energy storage devices and improve the heat dissipation capacity of the energy storage device.

[0005] The energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises: a box body, the box body has an energy storage space and an electrical space which are isolated from each other, the electrical space is located below the energy storage space in a vertical direction, the box body further comprises a first heat dissipation air duct and a second heat dissipation air duct, the first heat dissipation air duct and the second heat dissipation air duct are located on the same side of the energy storage space in a first direction, the first heat dissipation air duct and the second heat dissipation air duct have a communication port therebetween, the first heat dissipation air duct has a first air outlet which is directed to the upper side of the box body, and the second heat dissipation air duct has a second air outlet which is directed to the upper side of the box body; an energy storage device which is located in the energy storage space; an electrical device which is located in the electrical space and is electrically connected with the energy storage device; a liquid cooling unit which comprises a liquid cooling pipeline, an air-liquid heat exchanger and a cooling fan, the liquid cooling pipeline is located in the energy storage space and is in contact with the energy storage device, the air-liquid heat exchanger is located in the second heat dissipation air duct and can exchange heat with the liquid cooling pipeline, and the cooling fan is used to drive air in the second heat dissipation air duct to be discharged from the second air outlet; wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the vertical direction; the electrical space comprises an electrical accommodation area and an air guide area, the air guide area is located on the side of the electrical accommodation area in a second direction, the electrical device is located in the electrical accommodation area, the electrical device has an air passing channel which extends along the second direction and communicates the outside of the box body with the air guide area, the air guide area communicates the air passing channel with the first heat dissipation air duct, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the vertical direction.

[0006] In some embodiments, the number of electrical devices is multiple, and each electrical device is arranged at intervals along the first direction; the air guide area comprises multiple sub-air guide channels which are isolated from each other, and each sub-air guide channel communicates with the air passing channel of each electrical device.

[0007] In some embodiments, the air guide area has a horizontal partition plate, the horizontal partition plate divides the air guide area into an upper area and a lower area; wherein a part of the sub-air guide channels are located in the upper area to form upper sub-air guide channels, and another part of the sub-air guide channels are located in the lower area to form lower sub-air guide channels.

[0008] In some embodiments, in the first direction, in the corresponding sub-air guide channels of the air passing channels of each electrical device, the upper sub-air guide channels and the lower sub-air guide channels are arranged alternately in sequence.

[0009] In some embodiments, the over-flow passage is located at the bottom of the electrical device, the air guiding area further comprises a vertical communication passage, the communication passage communicates the over-flow passage with the upper sub-air guiding passage; in the first direction, the sub-air guiding passage corresponding to the over-flow passage of the electrical device farthest from the first heat dissipation air duct is the upper sub-air guiding passage.

[0010] In some embodiments, the extension direction of the sub-air guiding passage is in positive correlation with the area of the sub-air guiding passage in a first cross section, the first cross section being a plane perpendicular to the extension direction of the sub-air guiding passage.

[0011] In some embodiments, the electrical device comprises a housing, a high protection part and a low protection part, the housing has an inner circulation space and an outer over-flow space isolated from each other, the high protection part is located in the inner circulation space, the low protection part is located in the outer over-flow space, the inner circulation space is a sealed cavity, the outer over-flow space forms an over-flow passage therein and the low protection part is located in the over-flow passage;

[0012] The electrical accommodating area has a partition plate, the partition plate divides the electrical accommodating area into an air conditioner over-flow area and an external over-flow area, the inner circulation space is located in the air conditioner over-flow area, the outer over-flow space is located in the external over-flow area, and the external over-flow area communicates with the over-flow passage; the box further comprises a power supply space, the power supply space communicates with the air conditioner over-flow area through a ventilation opening; the energy storage device further comprises a power supply device and an air conditioner device, the power supply device and the air conditioner device are both located in the power supply space, the air conditioner device is used for delivering cold air to the power supply device, and the air conditioner device is further used for delivering cold air to the air conditioner over-flow area through the ventilation opening.

[0013] In some embodiments, the communication opening has a controllable control valve.

[0014] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further comprises a fire-fighting device, the fire-fighting device comprises a fire-fighting gas tank and a fire-fighting pipeline, the fire-fighting gas tank is located in the first heat dissipation air duct, and the fire-fighting pipeline is connected with the fire-fighting gas tank and extends into the energy storage space.

[0015] The energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises a box body, an energy storage device and an electrical device, in order to improve the electrical integration of the energy storage device, the box body is divided into an energy storage space and an electrical space, the electrical space is located below the energy storage space so that the electrical device is located below the energy storage device, the connection between the electrical device and the energy storage device is more convenient, meanwhile, the box body is further divided to form a first heat dissipation air duct which is directed to the top of the box body, the first heat dissipation air duct is located on one side of the electrical space in the length direction of the box body, and the electrical space is further divided to form an electrical accommodation area and a wind guide area, the electrical device further has a wind passing channel which is connected to the outside of the box body and the wind guide area, and the wind guide area is connected to the wind passing area and the first heat dissipation air duct, so that the heat of the electrical device can be guided to the first heat dissipation air duct from below the energy storage space through the wind passing channel and the wind guide area, and then discharged from the top of the box body, the mutual influence of the heat of adjacent energy storage devices is reduced, and the cooling effect of the energy storage device is improved. The liquid cooling pipeline is located in the energy storage space and in contact with the energy storage device, so as to exchange heat with the energy storage device through the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling pipeline, the air-liquid heat exchanger is located in the second heat dissipation air duct, and the second heat dissipation air duct has a second air outlet, the air-liquid heat exchanger can exchange heat with the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling pipeline, so as to guide the heat generated by the energy storage device out of the energy storage space, and the cooling fan can drive the air in the second heat dissipation air duct to be discharged from the second air outlet, so as to discharge the heat of the battery pack out of the box body. The first heat dissipation air duct and the second heat dissipation air duct have a communication port, the air in the first heat dissipation air duct flows into the second heat dissipation air duct through the communication port, in the case that the energy storage device is in an extremely cold environment, the heat of the electrical device in the airflow of the first heat dissipation air duct is used to increase the temperature of the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling pipeline through the air-liquid heat exchanger, so as to realize the heat preservation of the energy storage device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided.

[0017] Figure 2 A relative position relationship schematic diagram of an electrical device and a sub-wind guide channel in the energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided.

[0018] Figure 3 A relative position relationship schematic diagram of each lower sub-wind guide channel in the energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided.

[0019] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of an electrical device in the energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided.

[0020] Figure 5 A communication relationship schematic diagram of a power supply space and an electrical accommodation area in the energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided.

[0021] Figure 6A schematic view of a communication relationship between a first heat dissipation air duct and a second heat dissipation air duct in an energy storage device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Explanation of reference signs

[0023] 1. Energy storage device; 10. Box body; 101. Energy storage space; 102. Electrical space; 1021. Electrical accommodation area; 10211. Air conditioner air passing area; 10212. External air passing area; 1022. Air guide area; 1023. Sub air guide channel; 1024. Horizontal partition; 1025. Communication channel; 103. First heat dissipation air duct; 1031. First air outlet; 104. Second heat dissipation air duct; 1041. Second air outlet; 105. Power supply space; 1051. Ventilation opening; 106. Control valve; 20. Energy storage equipment; 201. Battery cluster; 202. Battery pack; 30. Electrical equipment; 301. Air passing channel; 302. Low protection part; 3021. Reactor; 3022. External circulation fan; 3023. Radiator; 303. High protection part; 3031. Lateral double emitter transistor; 3032. Control circuit board; 304. Shell; 3041. Internal circulation space; 3042. External air passing space; 40. Liquid cooling unit; 402. Air-liquid heat exchanger; 403. Cooling fan; 50. Fire fighting equipment; 501. Fire fighting gas tank; 70. Air conditioning equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer and more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0025] In the specific embodiments, various specific technical features described can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, for example, different embodiments and technical solutions can be formed by combining different specific technical features. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combination manners of various specific technical features in the present application are not described again.

[0026] In the following description, the terms "first", "second", "..." only distinguish different objects and do not mean that the objects have the same or relationship. It should be understood that the orientation description "upper", "lower", "outer", "inner" is the orientation in the normal use state, and the "left", "right" direction indicates the left and right directions shown in the specific corresponding schematic diagram, which can be the left and right directions in the normal use state or not.

[0027] It is to be understood that the terms "including", "comprising", or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by "comprises a... " does not, without more constraints, exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element. The term "connected" is used in a broad sense to include direct and indirect connections.

[0028] In the following detailed description, the energy storage device is a large energy storage device applied to an energy storage power station, which is usually in the form of a container, and the key components inside are configured as energy storage battery packs, i.e., the energy storage assemblies described below.

[0029] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 The energy storage device 1 includes a box body 10, an energy storage device 20, an electrical device 30, a liquid cooling unit 40, a fire-fighting device 50, a power supply device, and an air conditioning device 70. The space inside the box body 10 is divided into an energy storage space 101, an electrical space 102, a first heat dissipation air duct 103, a second heat dissipation air duct 104, and a power supply space 105 by a partition structure. The components contained in each space and the effects achieved will be described below. For ease of description, the box body 10 will be taken as a cuboid structure, the length direction of the box body 10 will be referred to as the first direction, the width direction of the box body 10 will be referred to as the second direction, and the height direction of the box body 10 will be referred to as the third direction.

[0030] The energy storage device 20 includes a plurality of battery clusters 201, each of which is arranged at intervals along the first direction. The battery cluster 201 includes a plurality of battery packs 202 capable of storing and outputting electric energy. Each battery pack 202 is stacked along the third direction to form a battery cluster 201. The connection relationship between the battery packs 202 in each battery cluster 201 can be parallel, series, or a combination of series and parallel. Embodiments do not limit the connection relationship of the battery packs 202.

[0031] The electrical device 30 is an energy storage converter. It is connected to each battery pack 202 in the energy storage device 20 through control lines and power lines. The electrical device 30 is used to control the on-off of each battery pack 202. The electrical device 30 is also used to convert the direct current output by the battery pack 202 into alternating current for external output when the battery pack 202 outputs electric energy. The electrical device 30 is also used to convert the alternating current input from the outside into direct current for storing electric energy when external electric energy charges the battery pack 202.

[0032] The liquid cooling unit 40 comprises a liquid cooling pipeline, an air-liquid heat exchanger 402 and a cooling fan 403. The liquid cooling pipeline is located in the energy storage space 101 and in contact with the energy storage device 20, so as to exchange heat between the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling pipeline and each battery pack 202. The air-liquid heat exchanger 402 and the cooling fan 403 are both located in the second heat dissipation air duct 104, i.e., the second heat dissipation air duct 104 is formed by the cooling space for accommodating the cooling fan 403, so that the structure of the energy storage device 1 is more compact. The second heat dissipation air duct 104 has a second air outlet 1041. The air-liquid heat exchanger 402 can exchange heat with the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling pipeline, so as to lead the heat generated by the battery pack 202 out of the energy storage space 101. The cooling fan 403 can drive the air in the second heat dissipation air duct 104 to be discharged from the second air outlet 1041, so as to discharge the heat of the battery pack 202 out of the box 10.

[0033] The fire-fighting device 50 comprises a fire-fighting gas tank 501 and a fire-fighting pipeline. The fire-fighting gas tank 501 is used for storing fire-fighting gas. The fire-fighting pipeline 502 is in communication with the fire-fighting gas tank 501 and extends into the energy storage space 101, so as to spray the fire-fighting gas in the fire-fighting gas tank 501 into the energy storage space 101 when the battery pack 202 in the energy storage space 101 is in thermal runaway, so as to reduce the risk of fire of the energy storage device 1. The fire-fighting gas tank 501 is located in the first heat dissipation air duct 103, i.e., the first heat dissipation air duct 103 is formed by the fire-fighting space in the box 10 for accommodating the fire-fighting gas tank 501, so that the structure of the energy storage device 1 is more compact. Specifically, the volume of the fire-fighting gas tank 501 is relatively larger than the volume shown in the figure, but as long as the fire-fighting gas tank 501 does not almost completely occupy the first heat dissipation air duct 103, the first heat dissipation air duct 103 can effectively pass air.

[0034] The power supply device and the air conditioning device 70 are located in the power supply space 105, the power supply device is used for supplying power to the emergency device of the energy storage device 1, the power supply device is an uninterruptible power supply, so that the function of the emergency device can be realized when the energy storage device 1 is in a power-off state. For example, the power supply device is used for supplying power to the fire-fighting device 50. When the battery pack 202 is in a thermal runaway state, the battery pack 202 needs to be powered off, at this time, the energy storage device 1 is in a power-off state. If the fire-fighting device 50 can only obtain power through the battery pack 202, the fire-fighting device 50 cannot work in this state. By supplying power to the fire-fighting device 50 through the power supply device, the fire-fighting device 50 can still work normally and output fire-fighting gas into the storage space 101 when the energy storage device 1 is in a power-off state. At the same time, the air conditioning device 70 is used for outputting cooled cold air to the power supply device to cool the power supply device. The air output by the air conditioning device 70 flows in the power supply space 105 in an internal circulation manner. Specifically, the air conditioning device 70 outputs cold air to the power supply space 105 through a cold air outlet. The hot air after heat exchange with the power supply device flows into the air conditioning device 70 through an air return inlet of the air conditioning device 70. The air conditioning device 70 cools the returned air and then outputs the cooled air to the power supply space 105, thereby reducing the influence of dust and other foreign matters in the air outside the box body 10 on the power supply device.

[0035] The relative position relationship of each space in the box 10 is described below. The electrical space 102 is located below the energy storage space 101, so that the electrical equipment 30 is located below the energy storage equipment 20. The number of electrical equipment 30 is multiple, and the number of electrical equipment 30 is the same as the number of battery clusters 201 in the energy storage equipment 20. Each electrical equipment 30 is arranged in the first direction to be located directly below each battery cluster 201. Each electrical equipment 30 is connected to the battery pack 202 in the battery cluster 201 located directly above the electrical equipment 30 through the control line and the power line, so as to reduce the possibility that the corresponding cable is blocked by the battery pack 202 in other battery clusters 201, so as to facilitate the wiring between the electrical equipment 30 and the energy storage equipment 20. At the same time, the electrical space 102 is isolated from the energy storage space 101, and only a hole is left for the cable to pass through. The reason why the electrical space 102 and the energy storage space 101 need to be isolated is described below. The electrical equipment of the related energy storage device in the prior art is configured as a high-voltage box, which is only used to control the on-off of each battery pack 202 in the energy storage equipment 20. The heat generated during the operation is small, so that external air needs to be introduced to cool the high-voltage box. In order to improve the electrical integration of the energy storage device, the electrical equipment 30 is configured as an energy storage converter in the embodiment, which needs to realize the function of inverter or rectifier, that is, the direct current output by the energy storage equipment 20 needs to be converted into alternating current or vice versa. A large amount of heat will be generated during the operation of the energy storage converter, and external air flow needs to be introduced to cool the electrical equipment 30. In order to reduce the influence of dust and other foreign matters in the external air flow on the energy storage equipment 20 in the energy storage space 101, a partition structure is needed to isolate the energy storage space 101 from the electrical space 102. Moreover, the partition structure is a heat insulation structure, so that the heat in the energy storage space 101 and the electrical space 102 does not affect each other.

[0036] On this basis, if the heat of the electrical equipment 30 in the electrical space 102 is horizontally discharged from the side of the box 10, the discharged heat will affect the adjacent energy storage device 1, thereby reducing the cooling capacity of the energy storage device 1. Therefore, the heat of the electrical equipment 30 is discharged from the top of the box in the embodiment. The implementation of the top exhaust of the electrical equipment 30 is described below. Figure 2As shown, the electrical space 102 is divided into an electrical accommodating area 1021 and an air guiding area 1022 by the partition structure, the air guiding area 1022 is located at the side of the electrical accommodating area 1021 in the second direction, the electrical equipment 30 is located in the electrical accommodating area 1021, the electrical equipment 30 has an air passing channel 301 inside, the air passing channel 301 extends along the second direction and communicates the outside of the cabinet 10 with the air guiding area 1022, so that the air outside can flow through the air guiding area 1022 and flow into the air guiding area 1022, and the air can guide the heat of the electrical equipment 30 into the air guiding area 1022 when the air flows through the air passing channel 301, at the same time, the first heat dissipation air duct 103 is located at one side of the air guiding area 1022 in the first direction, and the air guiding area 1022 communicates the air passing channel 301 and the first heat dissipation air duct 103, and the first heat dissipation air duct 103 has a first air outlet 1031, the first air outlet 1031 faces the top of the cabinet 10, it can be understood that the air outside introduced through the air passing channel 301 cools the electrical equipment 30, and the heat of the electrical equipment 30 is guided out from the bottom of the energy storage space 101 and discharged from the top of the energy storage device 1 through the air guiding area 1022 and the first heat dissipation air duct 103.

[0037] On the basis of the above-mentioned communication of the air passing channel 301 and the first heat dissipation air duct 103 through the air guiding area 1022, a plurality of electrical equipment 30 are arranged at intervals along the first direction, the air passing channel 301 far away from the first heat dissipation air duct 103 has a larger air exhaust resistance, which causes the heat of the electrical equipment 30 far away from the first heat dissipation air duct 103 to be retained in the air guiding area 1022 and difficult to be discharged from the first heat dissipation air duct 103, in order to solve the technical problem, the air guiding area 1022 is divided into a plurality of mutually isolated sub-air guiding channels 1023 by the longitudinal partition plate, each sub-air guiding channel 1023 communicates with the air passing channel 301 of each electrical equipment 30 respectively, so that the air exhaust resistance of the sub-air guiding channel 1023 corresponding to the electrical equipment 30 far away from the first heat dissipation air duct 103 can be reduced, so that the heat of each electrical equipment 30 can be discharged smoothly.

[0038] Further, in combination with Figure 2 and Figure 3, multiple sub-air guide channels 1023 need to be arranged in the second direction, due to the fact that the electrical equipment 30 itself needs to occupy the size of the box 10 in the second direction, so that the size of the air guide area 1022 in the second direction is small, if only in the second direction, the air guide area 1022 is separated to form multiple sub-air guide channels 1023, which will result in smaller cross-sectional area of each sub-air guide channel 1023, thereby resulting in larger air exhaust resistance of each sub-air guide channel 1023. In order to solve this technical problem, a horizontal partition plate 1024 is further arranged in the air guide area 1022 to separate the air guide area 1022 into an upper area and a lower area, wherein a part of the sub-air guide channels 1023 are located in the upper area to form upper sub-air guide channels, and another part of the sub-air guide channels 1023 are located in the lower area to form lower sub-air guide channels, thereby simultaneously utilizing the size of the air guide area 1022 in the second direction and the size in the third direction to stagger the arrangement of each sub-air guide channel 1023, thereby making each sub-air guide channel 1023 have a larger cross-sectional area, and reducing the air exhaust resistance of each sub-air guide channel 1023. It should be noted that each sub-air guide channel 1023 can be in any staggered arrangement, and the number of electrical equipment 30 is taken as an example below. For example, the number of electrical equipment 30 is 6, and the staggered arrangement of each sub-air guide channel 1023 is exemplarily described. For example, from the direction away from the first heat dissipation air duct 103 to the direction close to the first heat dissipation air duct 103, the sub-air guide channels 1023 corresponding to the three electrical equipment 30 farthest from the first heat dissipation air duct 103 are upper sub-air guide channels, and the sub-air guide channels 1023 corresponding to the three electrical equipment 30 closest to the first heat dissipation air duct 103 are lower sub-air guide channels; For example, from the direction away from the first heat dissipation air duct 103 to the direction close to the first heat dissipation air duct 103, the sub-air guide channels 1023 corresponding to each electrical equipment 30 are in turn upper sub-air guide channels, upper sub-air guide channels, lower sub-air guide channels, lower sub-air guide channels, upper sub-air guide channels, and lower sub-air guide channels.

[0039] Further, in combination with Figure 2 and Figure 3 , in the first direction, the upper sub-air guide channels and the lower sub-air guide channels in the sub-air guide channels 1023 corresponding to the air passing channels 301 of each electrical equipment 30 are arranged in turn and alternately, that is, the sub-air guide channels 1023 corresponding to adjacent electrical equipment 30 are staggered and arranged above and below the horizontal partition plate 1024 in turn, thereby reducing the mutual shielding effect between adjacent sub-air guide channels 1023, and further reducing the air exhaust resistance of each sub-air guide channel 1023.

[0040] Further, in combination with Figure 2 and Figure 3The air passing channel 301 is located at the bottom of the electrical equipment 30, and the air guide area 1022 further comprises a communication channel 1025 extending in the third direction, and the communication channel 1025 communicates the air passing channel 301 with the upper sub-air guide channel. It can be understood that, since the air passing channel 301 is located at the bottom of the electrical equipment 30, the air outlet of the air passing channel 301 is located below the horizontal partition plate 1024, and the air passing channel 301 needs to be communicated with the upper sub-air guide channel through the upwardly extending communication channel 1025. Meanwhile, in the first direction, the sub-air guide channel 1023 corresponding to the electrical equipment 30 farthest from the first heat dissipation air duct 103 is the upper sub-air guide channel in each electrical equipment 30, that is, in the direction from far away from the first heat dissipation air duct 103 to close to the first heat dissipation air duct 103, the upper sub-air guide channel and the lower sub-air guide channel in the sub-air guide channel 1023 corresponding to each electrical equipment 30 are arranged alternately in sequence. Taking the number of electrical equipment 30 as six as an example, the arrangement form of the upper sub-air guide channel and the lower sub-air guide channel will be described exemplarily. In the first direction, two adjacent electrical equipment 30 form a group of electrical equipment group, thereby forming three groups of electrical equipment group. One of the two sub-air guide channels corresponding to a group of electrical equipment group is the upper sub-air guide channel, and the other is the lower sub-air guide channel. Moreover, the sub-air guide channel corresponding to the electrical equipment 30 farthest from the first heat dissipation air duct 103 in a group of electrical equipment group is the upper sub-air guide channel. By configuring the sub-air guide channel 1023 corresponding to the electrical equipment 30 farthest from the first heat dissipation air duct 103 as the upper sub-air guide channel, the shielding effect of the communication channel 1025 on the sub-air guide channel can be reduced, and the air exhaust resistance of the sub-air guide channel is further reduced. Specifically, if the sub-air guide channel 1023 corresponding to the electrical equipment 30 farthest from the first heat dissipation air duct 103 is configured as the lower sub-air guide channel, the sub-air guide channel 1023 corresponding to the electrical equipment 30 next farthest from the first heat dissipation air duct 103 is the upper sub-air guide channel, and the sub-air guide channel needs to be communicated with the air passing channel 301 through the communication channel 1025. In this arrangement mode, the communication channel 1025 is located in the lower sub-air guide channel and shields the lower sub-air guide channel, resulting in an increase in the air exhaust resistance in the lower sub-air guide channel. By configuring the sub-air guide channel 1023 corresponding to the electrical equipment 30 farthest from the first heat dissipation air duct 103 as the upper sub-air guide channel, the communication channel 1025 of the upper sub-air guide channel will not be located in the lower sub-air guide channel, thereby reducing the shielding effect of the communication channel 1025 on the lower sub-air guide channel and further reducing the air exhaust resistance of each sub-air guide channel. Moreover, for the group of electrical equipment closest to the first heat dissipation air duct 103, the upper sub-air guide channel has sufficient air guide distance and will not be directly shielded.

[0041] On the basis that the air guide area 1022 is divided to form a plurality of independent sub-air guide channels 1023, a plurality of electrical equipment 30 are arranged along the first direction, and the spacing between each electrical equipment 30 and the first heat dissipation air duct 103 is different, so that each sub-air guide channel 1023 has a different length, resulting in different air exhaust resistances in each sub-air guide channel 1023. Specifically, the longer the length of the sub-air guide channel 1023, the greater the air exhaust resistance in the sub-air guide channel 1023. If the heat of each electrical equipment 30 is discharged through the sub-air guide channels 1023 with different air exhaust resistances, it may cause each electrical equipment 30 to be cooled to different degrees, thereby reducing the thermal consistency of each electrical equipment 30. In order to solve this technical problem, the area of each sub-air guide channel 1023 in the first cross section is configured to have a positive correlation with the length of the sub-air guide channel 1023, so that the sub-air guide channel 1023 with a longer length has a larger cross-sectional area, so that the air exhaust resistance in each sub-air guide channel 1023 tends to be consistent, and thereby the cooling degree of each sub-air guide channel 1023 to each electrical equipment tends to be consistent, improving the thermal consistency of each electrical equipment 30. Specifically, the first cross section is a flow cross section perpendicular to the extension direction of each sub-air guide channel 1023. In the present embodiment, the sub-air guide channel 1023 has a portion extending along the second direction and a portion extending along the first direction, and the sub-air guide channel is configured to have the above-mentioned characteristics in both portions.

[0042] The following will be described in combination with Figure 4The specific structure of the electrical equipment 30 is described as follows. The electrical equipment 30 includes a low protection part 302, a high protection part 303, and a housing 304. The low protection part 302 is a component that is less sensitive to dust. The high protection part 303 is a component that is more sensitive to dust. Contact of dust with the high protection part 303 can affect the normal operation of the high protection part 303 or affect the service life of the high protection part 303. The housing 304 has an accommodation space that is divided by a partition structure into an inner circulation space 3041 and an outer air passage space 3042 that are isolated from each other. Specifically, the partition structure and the wall surface of the housing 304 enclose a cabin with a waterproof sealing level of at least IP65. That is, the cabin can completely prevent dust from entering. Any angle low-pressure water spray has no effect on the components in the cabin. The high protection part 303 is located in the inner circulation space 3041, thereby protecting the high protection part 303 through the inner circulation space 3041 to reduce the effect of dust and other foreign matters in external air on the high protection part 303. The outer air passage space 3042 forms an air passage 301 inside, thereby enabling external air to flow through the air passage to cool the low protection part 302 in the outer air passage space 3042. Moreover, the high protection part 303 can exchange heat with the low protection part 302, thereby enabling dust and other foreign matters in external air to not contact the high protection part 303 while indirectly cooling the high protection part 303 through the low protection part 302. The cooling principle of the high protection part 303 is described below in combination with the specific structure of the low protection part 302 and the high protection part 303.

[0043] The high protection part 303 includes an insulated gate bipolar transistor 3031 (hereinafter referred to as IGBT) and a control circuit board 3032. The IGBT is used to convert direct current into alternating current. The IGBT needs to be frequently turned on and off during operation, thereby generating a large amount of heat. The control circuit board 3032 is in contact with the IGBT to control the working state of the IGBT. The control circuit board 3032 is in contact with the partition structure of the housing 304 that separates the inner circulation space 3041 and the outer air passage space 2042 to conduct heat of the IGBT to the partition structure. The low protection part 302 includes an electric reactor 3021, an outer circulation fan 3022, and a heat sink 3023. The heat sink 3023 is also in contact with the partition structure, thereby enabling heat of the IGBT to be conducted to the heat sink 3023. The outer circulation fan 3022 is used to drive external air to flow through the air passage 301 and the heat sink 3023, thereby enabling heat of the IGBT to be taken away from the electrical equipment 30 to cool the IGBT. The electric reactor 3021 is used to suppress current mutation. The electric reactor 3021 is also located in the air passage 301 and can be cooled by the air flowing through the air passage 301.

[0044] The high-protection part 303 further comprises an inner circulation fan located in the inner circulation space 3041, which is used to circulate the airflow in the inner circulation space 3041, so that the heat in the high-protection part 303 is not concentrated near the heat-generating elements such as IGBT, reducing the possibility of damage of IGBT due to overheating, and enabling the temperature of each element in the inner circulation space 3041 to be consistent, thereby improving the thermal consistency of each high-protection part 303.

[0045] Further, in combination with Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the first direction, the power supply space 105 is located on one side of the electrical accommodation area 1021 and can communicate with the electrical accommodation area 1021 through the ventilation opening 1051, so as to reuse the air conditioning equipment 70 for cooling the power supply equipment, so that the cold air output by the air conditioning equipment 70 can also cool the outer surface of the shell of the high-protection part 303 of the electrical equipment 30, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance of the high-protection part 303 of the electrical equipment 30. On this basis, if the power supply space 105 is communicated with the entire electrical accommodation area 1021, since the electrical accommodation area 1021 needs to be communicated with the outside of the cabinet to introduce airflow, the cold air of the air conditioner will be sucked away by the outer circulation fan 3022 in the air passing channel 301 and discharged outside the cabinet 10 through the first heat dissipation air duct 103, which will reduce the cooling effect of the electrical equipment 30, and also make the dust and other foreign matters in the external air possibly contact the power supply equipment, thereby causing damage to the power supply equipment. In order to solve the above technical problems, it is necessary to further separate the electrical accommodation area 1021 into an air conditioner air passing area 10211 and an external air passing area 10212 by a partition, the inner circulation space 3041 of the electrical equipment 30 is located in the air conditioner air passing area 10211, and the high-protection part 303 in the inner circulation space 3041 is located in the air conditioner air passing area 10211, the outer air passing space 3042 of the electrical equipment 30 is located in the external air passing area 10212, and the low-protection part 302 in the outer air passing space 3042 is located in the outer air passing space 3042, and the air passing channel 301 can be communicated with the outer air passing space 3042. At the same time, the power supply space 105 is communicated with the air conditioner air passing area 10211 through the ventilation opening 1051. It can be understood that the cold air output by the air conditioning equipment 70 circulates between the power supply space 105 and the air conditioner air passing area 10211, and cannot flow into the external air passing area 10212 and be quickly discharged from the cabinet 10. The external air introduced by the external air passing area 10212 cannot flow into the air conditioner air passing area 10211, thereby reducing the possibility of the dust and other foreign matters in the external air affecting the power supply equipment.

[0046] In some embodiments, as Figure 1As shown, the second heat dissipation air duct 104 has a second air outlet 1041 towards the top of the cabinet 10, and the air-liquid heat exchanger 402 and the cooling fan 403 of the liquid cooling unit 40 are both located in the second heat dissipation air duct 104, which can be understood as that the air-liquid heat exchanger 402 and the cooling fan 403 of the liquid cooling unit 40 are accommodated in the second heat dissipation air duct 104 to form a cooling space, and the cooling space is used to discharge the heat of the energy storage device 20 from the top of the energy storage device 1, further reducing the mutual influence of heat between adjacent energy storage devices 1, and further improving the cooling effect of the energy storage device 1.

[0047] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 6 As shown, in the first direction, the first heat dissipation air duct 103 and the second heat dissipation air duct 104 are located on the same side of the energy storage space 101, and the first heat dissipation air duct 103 and the second heat dissipation air duct 104 have a communication port therebetween, and the communication port has a control valve 106 with controllable opening degree, which can be a electrically controlled louver structure. It can be understood that the first heat dissipation air duct 103 and the second heat dissipation air duct 104 form two adjacent longitudinal heat dissipation air ducts, and the two longitudinal heat dissipation air ducts are separated by a partition plate having a communication port to make the two longitudinal heat dissipation air ducts communicate, and the opening degree of the communication port is controlled by the control valve 106, so that the air flow in the two bus heat dissipation air ducts can flow relatively. Since the cooling fan 403 is directly arranged in the second heat dissipation air duct 104, a negative pressure will be directly formed in the second heat dissipation air duct 104, so that the air pressure in the first heat dissipation air duct 103 is usually greater than that in the second heat dissipation air duct 104. In the state that the control valve 106 is opened, the air in the first heat dissipation air duct 103 flows into the second heat dissipation air duct 104 through the communication port. In the case that the energy storage device 1 is in an extremely cold environment, the battery pack 202 in the energy storage device 20 may have a temperature that is too low, which can cause the battery pack 202 to have a serious reduction in the efficiency of electrical energy storage and electrical energy output, and even cause lithium crystallization problem, so it is necessary to heat the battery pack 202. In this case, the control valve 106 can be opened to make the air flow in the first heat dissipation air duct 103 flow into the second heat dissipation air duct 104, and the heat of the electrical equipment 30 in the air flow in the first heat dissipation air duct 103 is used to increase the temperature of the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling pipeline through the air-liquid heat exchanger 402, thereby achieving the heat preservation of the battery pack 202.

[0048] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 As shown, the fire extinguishing gas tank 501 in the fire extinguishing device 50 is located in the first heat dissipation air duct 103, so that the first heat dissipation air duct 103 is used to accommodate part of the structure of the fire extinguishing device 50, making the structure of the energy storage device 1 more compact and reducing the size of the energy storage device 1.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized by, The energy storage device comprises: a box body, the box body has an energy storage space and an electrical space inside, the electrical space is located below the energy storage space in the vertical direction, the box body further comprises a first heat dissipation air duct and a second heat dissipation air duct, the first heat dissipation air duct and the second heat dissipation air duct are located on the same side of the energy storage space in the first direction, the first heat dissipation air duct and the second heat dissipation air duct have a communication port therebetween, the first heat dissipation air duct has a first air outlet towards the top of the box body, and the second heat dissipation air duct has a second air outlet towards the top of the box body; an energy storage equipment located in the energy storage space; an electrical equipment located in the electrical space and electrically connected with the energy storage equipment; a liquid cooling unit, the liquid cooling unit comprises a liquid cooling pipeline, an air-liquid heat exchanger and a cooling fan, the liquid cooling pipeline is located in the energy storage space and in contact with the energy storage equipment, the air-liquid heat exchanger is located in the second heat dissipation air duct and can exchange heat with the liquid cooling pipeline, and the cooling fan is used to drive air in the second heat dissipation air duct to be discharged from the second air outlet; wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the vertical direction; the electrical space comprises an electrical containing area and an air guide area, the air guide area is located on the side of the electrical containing area in the second direction, the electrical equipment is located in the electrical containing area, the electrical equipment has an air passing channel, the air passing channel extends along the second direction and communicates the outside of the box body with the air guide area, the air guide area communicates the air passing channel with the first heat dissipation air duct, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the vertical direction.

2. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The number of the electrical equipment is multiple, and each electrical equipment is arranged in the first direction. The air guide area comprises multiple mutually isolated sub-air guide channels, and each sub-air guide channel is in communication with the air passing channel of each electrical equipment.

3. The energy storage device of claim 2, wherein, The air guide area has a horizontal partition plate, which divides the air guide area into an upper area and a lower area. wherein a part of the sub-air guide channels are located in the upper area to form upper sub-air guide channels, and another part of the sub-air guide channels are located in the lower area to form lower sub-air guide channels.

4. The energy storage device of claim 3, wherein, In the first direction, among the corresponding sub-air guide channels of the air passing channels of each electrical equipment, the upper sub-air guide channels and the lower sub-air guide channels are arranged alternately.

5. The energy storage device of claim 4, wherein, The air passing channel is located at the bottom of the electrical equipment, and the air guide area further comprises a vertically extending communication channel, which communicates the air passing channel with the upper sub-air guide channel. In the first direction, the sub-air guide channel corresponding to the air passing channel of the electrical equipment farthest from the first heat dissipation air duct is the upper sub-air guide channel.

6. The energy storage device of any one of claims 2-5, wherein, The extension direction of the sub-air guide channel is positively correlated with the area of the sub-air guide channel in the first cross section, and the first cross section is a plane perpendicular to the extension direction of the sub-air guide channel.

7. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The electrical equipment comprises a shell, a high protection part and a low protection part, the shell has an inner circulation space and an outer air passage space which are isolated from each other, the high protection part is located in the inner circulation space, the low protection part is located in the outer air passage space, the inner circulation space is a sealed cavity, the outer air passage space has an air passage and the low protection part is located in the air passage; The electrical equipment comprises a shell, a high protection part and a low protection part, the shell has an inner circulation space and an outer air passage space which are isolated from each other, the high protection part is located in the inner circulation space, the low protection part is located in the outer air passage space, the inner circulation space is a sealed cavity, the outer air passage space has an air passage and the low protection part is located in the air passage; The box further comprises a power supply space, the power supply space is communicated with the air conditioner air passage area through a ventilation opening; The energy storage device further comprises a power supply equipment and an air conditioner equipment, the power supply equipment and the air conditioner equipment are located in the power supply space, the air conditioner equipment is used for delivering cold air to the power supply equipment, and the air conditioner equipment is also used for delivering cold air to the air conditioner air passage area through the ventilation opening.

8. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The communication opening has a control valve with controllable opening degree.

9. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The energy storage device further comprises a fire-fighting equipment, the fire-fighting equipment comprises a fire-fighting gas tank and a fire-fighting pipeline, the fire-fighting gas tank is located in the first heat dissipation air duct, and the fire-fighting pipeline is connected with the fire-fighting gas tank and extends into the energy storage space.

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