Application of Monascus purpureus and selenium-enriched Monascus purpureus prepared therefrom

Abstract

The present invention discloses the application of Monascus purpureus and selenium-enriched Monascus purpureus prepared therefrom, belonging to the technical field of microbiology. The provided Monascus purpureus 1322 is taxonomically named Monascus purpureus 1322, and was deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection on August 9, 2024. The deposit address is Wuhan University, No. 299, Bayi Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, and the deposit number is: CCTCC NO: M20241767. The method for preparing selenium-enriched Monascus purpureus: inoculate the spore suspension of Monascus purpureus 1322 into a medium containing sodium selenite and culture to obtain selenium-enriched Monascus purpureus. The application of selenium-enriched Monascus purpureus in the preparation of products with lipid-lowering efficacy is provided. The present invention ferments with Monascus purpureus 1322 with strong selenium tolerance, and the obtained selenium-enriched Monascus purpureus has a significant effect of reducing hyperlipidemia.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of microbiology, and particularly relates to the application of Monascus purpureus and selenium-enriched Monascus purpureus prepared therefrom. Background Art

[0002] Hyperlipidemia is a common metabolic disease, manifested as the lipid contents such as triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the blood exceeding the normal range. Dyslipidemia is often closely related to the onset of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. In addition, people with higher blood lipid levels also have problems such as sleep disorders and depression. Currently, the lipid-lowering drugs on the market mainly include statins, fibrates, niacin, etc. As an oral drug for lowering blood lipid, the excellent effect of statins has been most widely recognized. As the core organ of human metabolism, the liver can precisely regulate lipid metabolism by participating in complex processes such as the synthesis and decomposition of cholesterol and triglyceride, so as to maintain the balance of the lipid level in the body.

[0003] Monascus purpureus, as a filamentous fungus, can produce various physiologically active metabolites such as lovastatin and monascus pigments, and has a wide range of applications in the food and pharmaceutical fields. Lovastatin is highly similar in structure to hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the cholesterol synthesis process, and can react competitively with it, inhibiting the synthesis of cholesterol, thereby achieving the effect of lowering blood lipid.

[0004] Selenium (Se), as an essential trace element for mammals, cannot be synthesized by the body itself and must be supplemented by external intake. Selenium deficiency can cause Kashin-Beck disease and Keshan disease. In addition, selenium plays a potential role in anti-aging, antiviral infection, prevention of cardiovascular diseases and cancer prevention. Selenium exists in nature in the form of inorganic selenium and organic selenium. Inorganic selenium is severely limited due to its difficulty in being absorbed by the human body, low bioavailability and high toxicity. Organic selenium from organisms has low toxicity and high bioavailability, and is an important source for humans to obtain selenium from food.

[0005] How to combine the effects of Monascus purpureus and selenium element to obtain a strain with combined effects has not been solved by the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an application of Monascus purpureus and selenium-enriched Monascus purpureus prepared therefrom. Using Monascus purpureus 1322 with high lovastatin production, low citrinin production and strong selenium tolerance as the strain and sodium selenite as the selenium source, selenium-enriched Monascus purpureus is obtained through fermentation, and the obtained selenium-enriched Monascus purpureus has a significant effect of reducing hyperlipidemia.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a Monascus purpureus 1322, taxonomically named Monascus purpureus 1322. The Monascus purpureus 1322 was deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection on August 9, 2024. The deposit address is Wuhan University, No. 299, Bayi Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province. The deposit number is: CCTCC NO: M 20241767.

[0008] The present invention also provides a method for preparing selenium-enriched Monascus using the Monascus purpureus 1322, comprising the following steps: inoculating a spore suspension of the Monascus purpureus 1322 into a medium containing sodium selenite, and culturing on a shaker for 8 - 10 days to obtain selenium-enriched Monascus.

[0009] Preferably, the inoculation amount of the spore suspension of the Monascus purpureus 1322 is 8% by volume concentration, and the concentration of sodium selenite in the medium is 2 - 6 μg / mL.

[0010] Preferably, the effective bacteria count in the spore suspension of the Monascus purpureus 1322 is 10 6 ~10 7 CFU / mL.

[0011] Preferably, the rotation speed of the shaker culture is 180 rpm, and the temperature of the shaker culture is 28°C.

[0012] The present invention also provides the selenium-enriched Monascus obtained by the above method.

[0013] The present invention also provides the application of the selenium-enriched Monascus in the preparation of a product with hypolipidemic efficacy.

[0014] The present invention also provides a drug with hypolipidemic efficacy, and the drug uses the selenium-enriched Monascus as the effective active ingredient.

[0015] Preferably, the drug further comprises pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0017] The present invention uses Monascus purpureus 1322 with high lovastatin production, low citrinin production, and strong selenium tolerance as the strain, and sodium selenite as the selenium source to obtain selenium-enriched Monascus through fermentation. The obtained selenium-enriched Monascus has a significant effect of reducing hyperlipidemia, specifically manifested in reducing the body weight and fat ratio of mice, regulating the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein in serum, inhibiting the production and release of inflammatory factors LPS and TNF-α in serum, and alleviating liver damage and oxidative stress. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 is a phylogenetic tree;

[0020] Figure 2 is a screening result diagram of Monascus purpureus strains with high lovastatin production and low citrinin production. Among them, A is the lovastatin content produced by Monascus purpureus, and B is the citrinin content produced by Monascus purpureus;

[0021] Figure 3 is a statistical chart of the body weight change and fat proportion of each group of mice. Among them, A is the morphological change diagram of mice, B is the body weight change diagram of mice, C is the statistical chart of the body weight increase of mice, and D is the statistical chart of the fat proportion of mice;

[0022] Figure 4 is a statistical chart of the blood lipid level changes of each group of mice. Among them, A is the TC level statistical chart, B is the TG level statistical chart, C is the LDL-C level statistical chart, and D is the HDL-C level statistical chart;

[0023] Figure 5 is a statistical chart of the inflammatory factor levels of each group of mice. Among them, A is the LPS level statistical chart, and B is the TNF-α level statistical chart;

[0024] Figure 6 is a morphological diagram of the liver of each group of mice. Among them, A is the morphological diagram of the liver surface of each group of mice, and B is the morphological diagram of the liver after HE staining of each group of mice;

[0025] Figure 7 is an evaluation diagram of liver injury of each group of mice. Among them, A is the ALT level statistical chart, and B is the AST level statistical chart;

[0026] Figure 8 is a statistical chart of the oxidative stress level of each group of mice. Among them, A is the CAT level statistical chart, B is the T-SOD level statistical chart, and C is the MDA level statistical chart. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] Now, the various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics, and implementation schemes of the present invention.

[0028] It should be understood that the terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. Additionally, for the numerical ranges in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Each intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. Although the present invention only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0030] Without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention, various improvements and changes can be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention specification, which are obvious to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments obtained from the present invention specification are obvious to those skilled in the art. The present invention specification and examples are merely exemplary.

[0031] Regarding the use of "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", etc. in this article, they are all open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0032] The Monascus purpureus 1322 described in the present invention is taxonomically named Monascus purpureus 1322. The Monascus purpureus 1322 was deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection on August 9, 2024. The deposit address is Wuhan University, No. 299, Bayi Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province. The deposit number is: CCTCC NO: M 20241767.

[0033] Sources of the materials used in the present invention: The Monascus purpureus strains 8.542, 1314, 1322, 1324, 1422, 2322, 3421, 4421, 4424, 4425, 6421, 7321, 7413, 40268, and 41601 are all deposited in the Laboratory of Health Food Manufacturing and Safety Control Engineering, Northwest A&F University; Potato Dextrose Agar Medium (PDA) is purchased from Beijing Land Bridge Technology Co., Ltd.

[0034] The culture medium formula used in the present invention: Seed culture medium: 30 g of glucose, 20 g of peptone, 50 mL of glycerol, 1 g of KH 2 PO 4 、2 g of NaNO 3 、1 g of MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O, 2 g of ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O, add water to make the volume up to 1000 mL;

[0035] Fermentation culture medium: 25 g of glucose, 20 g of peptone, 50 mL of glycerol, 1 g of KH 2 PO 4 、2 g of NaNO 3 、1 g of MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O, 2 g of ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O, 25 g of rice flour, add water to make the volume up to 1000 mL.

[0036] Data processing and statistical analysis of the present invention: All experiments were repeated at least 3 times, and the values were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). GraphPad Prism 9.0 software was used for drawing. SPSS 26 software and Duncan's test were used for significant analysis. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences, p < 0.01.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Strain screening and isolation: Weigh 5 g of red yeast rice, grind it into powder thoroughly with a mortar, and place it in 100 mL of sterile physiological saline, then shake it fully in a shaker for 30 min. After mixing, perform gradient dilution on the shaken suspension liquid (the dilution factor is 10 - 10 5 ), respectively pipette 100 μL of sample dilution liquids with different concentrations and spread them evenly on PDA culture medium, incubate at 28 °C for one week in a constant temperature incubator, and use the point inoculation method to transfer single colonies to PDA culture medium, and obtain single colonies that conform to the appearance and morphology of Monascus purpureus through repeated isolation and purification.

[0039] Strain identification: Use the kit method to extract the DNA of Monascus purpureus. Using the extracted total DNA of Monascus purpureus as a template, perform polymerase chain reaction amplification with the fungal ITS universal primers ITS1 and ITS4. The PCR amplification system uses a 20 μL system: ddH 26 μL of O6, 1 μL of each of the forward and reverse primers, 10 μL of PCR Supermix, and 2 μL of DNA template. The amplification program was as follows: pre-denaturation at 94°C for 5 min; denaturation at 94°C for 1 min, annealing at 55°C for 1 min, extension at 72°C for 1 min, for 36 cycles; extension at 72°C for 10 min. After PCR amplification was completed, 6.0 μL of the amplification product was taken for agarose gel electrophoresis. 1.5 g of agarose was added to 90 mL of TAE buffer solution (1.5%), heated in a microwave for 1 min and then shaken well, 8 μL of Gelred dye was added and mixed evenly. The solidified gel was placed in 1×TAE electrophoresis buffer, and the electrophoresis program was set for electrophoresis: time 20 min, voltage 120 V, current 300 mA, power 250 W. Subsequently, the sample was sent to Shanghai Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd. for sequencing, and the sequencing results were subjected to BLAST multiple sequence alignment analysis in the NCBI database. A phylogenetic tree was further constructed by the neighbor-joining method in MEGA software (as Figure 1 shown), and the strain was identified as Monascus purpureus based on the morphological observation results and named Monascus purpureus 1322.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] I. Screening of Monascus purpureus strains with high lovastatin production and low citrinin production

[0042] Strain activation: The Monascus purpureus strain was inoculated on a slant medium (PDA) and cultured at 28°C for 6 d. To ensure the activity and purity of the strain, the above activation steps were repeated twice before subsequent operations could be carried out.

[0043] Preparation of spore suspension: Sterile normal saline was injected into the activated strain, and the spores were fully eluted. The concentration of the spore suspension was adjusted to be within the range of 10 6 ~10 7 spores / mL under a microscope.

[0044] Preparation of seed liquid: The spore suspension was inoculated into 100 mL of seed medium (the liquid volume in a 250 mL conical flask was 100 mL) at an inoculation amount of 8% by volume fraction and cultured in a shaker at 28°C and 180 rpm for 48 h.

[0045] Preparation of fermentation broth: The seed liquid was inoculated into 100 mL of fermentation medium (the liquid volume was 100 mL in a 250 mL flask) at an inoculation amount of 8% and cultured in a shaker at 28°C and 180 rpm for 10 d.

[0046] Determination of lovastatin: After ultrasonic treatment of a mixture of 1 mL of fermentation broth and 3 mL of absolute ethanol, the supernatant obtained by centrifugation was filtered through a 0.22 μm syringe filter and then subjected to on-machine analysis. HPLC conditions: Chromatographic column ChromegabondWR C18 (250×4.6 mm, 5 μm); mobile phase: acetonitrile: 0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution = 65:35 (v / v); flow rate: 1.0 mL / min; column temperature: 30 °C; injection volume: 10 μL; detector: UV detector, wavelength 238 nm.

[0047] Determination of citrinin: After water bath treatment of a mixture of 1 mL of fermentation broth and 1 mL of methanol, the supernatant obtained by centrifugation was filtered through a 0.22 μm syringe filter and then subjected to on-machine analysis. HPLC conditions: Chromatographic column ChromegabondWR C18 (250×4.6 mm, 5 μm); mobile phase: acetonitrile: 0.01% phosphoric acid aqueous solution = 65:35 (v / v); flow rate: 1.0 mL / min; column temperature: 30 °C; injection volume: 10 μL; detector: fluorescence detector, λex = 331 nm, λem = 500 nm.

[0048] The lovastatin standard and citrinin standard were both purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd.; chromatographic phosphoric acid was purchased from Kermel Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.; chromatographic acetonitrile and methanol were both purchased from TEDIA Reagent Co., Ltd. USA.

[0049] The statistical results of lovastatin and citrinin production by each Monascus purpureus strain are shown as Figure 2 follows. As shown in Figure 2 A below, the lovastatin content produced by Monascus purpureus strains 8.542, 1322, 1422, 2322, 4421, 4424, 4425 and 40268 was higher than 20 μg / mL; as shown in Figure 2 B below, the citrinin content produced by Monascus purpureus strains 8.542, 1322, 1324, 1422, 2322, 3421, 4424 and 6421 was lower than 20 μg / mL. Therefore, Monascus purpureus strains 8.542, 1322, 1422, 2322 and 4424 were selected for subsequent evaluation of selenium tolerance.

[0050] II. Screening of Selenium-Tolerant Monascus purpureus Strains

[0051] The selected Monascus purpureus strains 8.542, 1322, 1422, 2322 and 4424 were evaluated for selenium tolerance. The spore suspension of Monascus purpureus in step "I" was inoculated into PDA medium containing 10 μg / mL sodium selenite. After culturing at 28 °C for 15 days, the selenium tolerance of Monascus purpureus strains was evaluated according to the colony diameter of the strains. The larger the colony diameter, the stronger the selenium tolerance of Monascus purpureus. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0052] Table 1 Evaluation of Selenium Tolerance of Monascus purpureus Strains

[0053]

[0054] Note: “–” indicates that no colony growth was detected; “+” indicates that the colony diameter is greater than 5 mm; “++” indicates that the colony diameter is greater than 30 mm; “+++” indicates that the colony diameter is greater than 50 mm.

[0055] As shown in Table 1, the selenium tolerance of 5 Monascus purpureus strains is presented. The results show that Monascus purpureus strain 1322 and Monascus purpureus strain 1422 could be observed in the selenium-containing medium on the 3rd day, Monascus purpureus strain 2322 and Monascus purpureus strain 4424 could be observed on the 7th day, and Monascus purpureus strain 8.542 began to grow on the 10th day. The colony diameter of Monascus purpureus strain 1322 began to be greater than that of Monascus purpureus strain 1422, Monascus purpureus strain 2322 and Monascus purpureus strain 4424 on the 10th day, and this situation continued until the 15th day, indicating that Monascus purpureus strain 1322 has stronger selenium tolerance. It was selected as the subsequent selenium-enriched strain for lipid-lowering evaluation.

[0056] III. Study on the Lipid-Lowering Effect of Selenium-Enriched Monascus

[0057] The selected Monascus purpureus strain 1322 with high lovastatin production, low citrinin production and strong selenium tolerance was used as the test strain for lipid-lowering effect evaluation.

[0058] Preparation of selenium-enriched Monascus fermentation broth: The seed medium was inoculated into the liquid fermentation medium at an inoculation amount of 8% by volume (the liquid volume in a 250 mL conical flask was 100 mL), and sodium selenite solution was added to make its final concentration reach 2 and 6 μg / mL respectively. It was cultured in a shaker at 28 °C at 180 rpm for 10 d to obtain the selenium-enriched Monascus fermentation broth.

[0059] Reagents and materials: Four-week-old male C57BL / 6J mice were purchased from the Xi'an Branch of Chongqing Tengxin Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; the basal diet and high-fat diet were both purchased from Jiangsu Xietong Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; Simvastatin tablets were used as the positive drug and were purchased from Shandong Xinqi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

[0060] Model establishment: After 1 week of adaptive cultivation, all mice were randomly divided into 6 groups with 12 mice in each group, namely: normal diet group (ND), high-fat diet group (HFD), simvastatin group (HFD-Y), Monascus purpureus Went group (HFD-M), low-dose selenium-enriched Monascus purpureus Went group (HFD-LSM), and high-dose selenium-enriched Monascus purpureus Went group (HFD-HSM). In the experiment, except for the animals in the ND group fed with basal diet (3790 kcal / kg), the remaining groups were fed with high-fat diet (5128 kcal / kg). Starting from the 9th week, the ND group and the HFD group began to receive saline gavage, the HFD-Y group received simvastatin gavage at a concentration of 0.345 mg / mL, the HFD-M group received Monascus purpureus Went suspension gavage, and the HFD-LSM and HFD-HSM groups received selenium-enriched Monascus purpureus Went suspension gavage cultured with 2 and 6 μg / mL sodium selenite respectively. The gavage volume for each group was 0.2 mL per day. During the entire study period, all mice had free access to food and water, and their body weights were measured weekly.

[0061] Mouse sacrifice: After several weeks of dietary intervention, the mice were sacrificed. The mice were fasted 12 h before sacrifice, anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of 4% chloral hydrate, and fresh blood was obtained by orbital blood sampling. The serum was separated by centrifugation at 4 °C and finally transferred to a clean centrifuge tube for subsequent analysis. After the sacrifice operation was completed, the liver was quickly taken out for photographing and recording, and the total body fat was weighed. Part of the liver was fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for HE staining analysis, and the remaining liver and fat were quickly frozen in liquid nitrogen and placed in a -80 °C ultra-low temperature freezer for subsequent research.

[0062] Calculation of fat percentage: Fat percentage (%) = total body fat weight / mouse body weight * 100%

[0063] Determination of blood lipid levels: TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C kits (Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute, Nanjing, China) were used to measure the TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C indices in mouse serum, and the specific operations were carried out according to the instructions of each kit.

[0064] Analysis of serum inflammatory factors: LPS and TNF-α kits (Shanghai Kexing Trading Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) were used to measure the LPS and TNF-α indices in mouse serum, and the relevant operations were shown in the kit instructions.

[0065] Pathological observation of animal liver: The fresh liver was photographed to record the original state. After cutting a small amount of liver tissue, it was fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, embedded in paraffin, sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and then the pathological morphology was observed using an inverted microscope.

[0066] Liver injury evaluation: The levels of ALT and AST in mouse serum were measured using ALT and AST assay kits (Yakeyin Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China). The relevant operations were performed according to the kit instructions.

[0067] Analysis of oxidative stress in animal livers: The levels of CAT, MDA, and T-SOD in mouse livers were measured using CAT, MDA, and T-SOD assay kits. The relevant operations were performed according to the kit instructions. The CAT and MDA assay kits were purchased from Yakeyin Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the T-SOD assay kit was purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute.

[0068] The research results are as follows:

[0069] 1. The results of mouse body weight changes and fat percentage are as Figure 3 shown. Specifically, as Figure 3 shown in A, Figure 3 shown in B, Figure 3 shown in C, and Figure 3 shown in D. During the modeling stage, the body weight of mice in the normal diet group was significantly lower than that in the high-fat diet group, indicating successful modeling. After dietary intervention, the weight gain frequency of mice in the HFD-Y, HFD-M, HFD-LSM, and HFD-HSM groups decreased, and their body weights were between those of the HFD group and the ND group. The fat percentage in the HFD group was significantly higher than that in the ND group, and drug and dietary interventions significantly reduced the fat percentage. Monascus purpureus Went var. Selenium and Monascus purpureus 1322 played a good role in lipid-lowering.

[0070] 2. The results of blood lipid levels in mice of each group are as Figure 4 shown. Specifically, the results are as Figure 4 shown in A, Figure 4 shown in B, Figure 4 shown in C, and Figure 4 shown in D. Dietary intervention reduced the levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C and increased the level of HDL-C, making the four blood lipid levels in the HFD-Y, HFD-M, HFD-LSM, and HFD-HSM groups all between those of the ND group and the HFD group. This indicates that both Monascus purpureus 1322 and Monascus purpureus Went var. Selenium had a certain positive effect on regulating blood lipid levels.

[0071] 3. The statistical results of the contents of inflammatory factors in the sera of mice in each group are as Figure 5 shown. The specific results are as Figure 5 shown in A and Figure 5As shown in Figure B, in the ND group, the LPS and TNF-α contents in the serum were 321.90 and 899.59 ng / L respectively. In the HFD group, the contents of these two inflammatory factors increased to 444.03 and 1246.73 ng / L respectively, indicating that a high-fat diet is prone to cause an inflammatory response. Dietary intervention reduced the levels of the two inflammatory factors and gradually approached those in the ND group, suggesting that both Monascus purpureus 1322 and Monascus purpureus with selenium can better inhibit the production and release of inflammatory factors.

[0072] 4. The liver morphology of each group of mice is as Figure 6 shown, specifically as Figure 6 shown in Figure A. In the ND group, the liver surface of mice usually presented smooth, uniform reddish-brown color. The liver was of moderate size, soft texture, and elastic. The liver contour was clear, without obvious swelling or protrusion. In the liver of mice in the HFD group, it was observed that the color of the liver became slightly dim and the whole became swollen, indicating that some pathological changes might have occurred. Dietary intervention alleviated the degree of liver swelling. Further, HE staining was performed on the liver, as Figure 6 shown in Figure B. It was observed that the liver cells of mice in the ND group were normal in morphology, arranged regularly, the cell nuclei were clearly visible, and there were abundant organelles in the cytoplasm. In the liver cells of mice in the HFD group, there was a phenomenon of fat accumulation, specifically manifested as enlarged fat cells, increased number, obvious increase in lipid droplets in the cells, and infiltration of inflammatory cells, manifested as an increase in macrophages in the hepatic sinusoids. After dietary intervention, some pathological phenomena in the liver cells showed reduction or signs of repair, mainly manifested as reduced fat accumulation and weakened cavitation.

[0073] 5. ALT and AST are enzymes present in liver cells and will be released into the blood when liver cells are damaged or destroyed. Therefore, by measuring the contents of ALT and AST in the serum, the liver damage situation can be evaluated to a certain extent. The measurement results of the contents of ALT and AST in the serum are as Figure 7 shown in Figure A and Figure 7 shown in Figure B. The results showed that compared with the ND group, the contents of ALT and AST in the serum of mice in the HFD group were significantly increased. The increase in the contents of ALT and AST indicated that a high-fat diet caused damage to the livers of mice, resulting in changes such as inflammation, necrosis, or fibrosis in liver cells, which was consistent with the HE staining results. Both Monascus purpureus 1322 and Monascus purpureus with selenium can reduce the contents of ALT and AST, and the effect of Monascus purpureus with selenium is better, indicating that Monascus purpureus with selenium has a better protective effect on the livers of hyperlipidemic mice.

[0074] Under the hyperlipidemic state, lipid metabolism disorder will increase the level of oxidative stress, leading to an increased risk of oxidative damage to the liver. Therefore, the activities of common antioxidant enzymes CAT and T-SOD and the lipid peroxidation product MDA were measured respectively, and the results are as Figure 8 shown in Figure A,Figure 8 In B and Figure 8 As shown in C, in the ND group, the contents of CAT and T-SOD were 67.41 nmol / min / mL and 92.36 U / mL respectively. In the HFD group, the contents decreased to 59.65 nmol / min / mL and 77.39 U / mL respectively. After dietary intervention, the contents of CAT and T-SOD in the liver showed an upward trend, and the effects of the HFD-HSM and HFD-LSM groups were better than those of the HFD-M group. Especially, the change of the T-SOD index was more significant, indicating that both Monascus purpureus 1322 and Se-enriched Monascus could alleviate the changes in the contents of CAT and T-SOD caused by high-fat diet, and the effect of Se-enriched Monascus was more obvious. The MDA content in the HFD group was 1.52 times that in the ND group. Dietary intervention could significantly reduce the MDA content in the liver, and the effect of Se-enriched Monascus was not only better than that of the non-Se-enriched Monascus purpureus 1322 bacterial suspension, but also showed a dose-dependent manner. It can be seen that the introduction of selenium element can make the obtained Se-enriched Monascus play a better antioxidant effect.

[0075] In summary, the present invention illustrates that the present invention has indeed prepared Se-enriched Monascus with lipid-lowering function through the above embodiments.

[0076] The above-described embodiments are only used to describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A purple Monascus 1322, characterized in that: The taxonomic name is Monascus purpurogenum ( Monascus purpureus ) 1322, the purple Monascus 1322 was deposited in the China Center for Type Culture Collection on August 9, 2024, and the preservation address is Wuhan University, No. 299, Bayi Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, and the preservation number is: CCTCC NO: M20241767.

2. A method for preparing selenium-enriched Monascus using the purple Monascus 1322 described in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The spore suspension of the purple Monascus 1322 is inoculated into a culture medium containing sodium selenite, and cultured on a shaking table for 8 to 10 days to obtain selenium-enriched Monascus.

3. The method for preparing selenium-enriched Monascus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inoculation amount of the spore suspension of Monascus purpurogenus 1322 is 8% by volume, and the concentration of sodium selenite in the culture medium is 2-6 μg / mL.

4. The method for preparing selenium-enriched Monascus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotation speed of the shaking incubator is 180 rpm, and the temperature of the shaking incubator is 28°C.

5. The selenium-enriched Monascus prepared by the method according to any one of claims 2 to 4.

6. Use of the selenium-enriched Monascus as claimed in claim 5 in preparing a product having the effect of lowering blood lipids.

7. A drug having the effect of lowering blood lipids, characterized in that: The medicine uses the selenium-enriched Monascus as claimed in claim 5 as an effective active ingredient.

8. The drug according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drug also includes pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

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