A multi-type pulse generating circuit and pulse generator for lightning strike test

Abstract

The present application discloses a multi-type pulse generating circuit and a pulse generator for lightning strike test, which relates to the technical field of lightning strike simulation test. The circuit includes a power supply module, a first pulse signal generating module, a second pulse signal generating module and a third pulse signal generating module; the power supply module is respectively connected to the first pulse signal generating module, the second pulse signal generating module and the third pulse signal generating module; the first pulse signal generating module is used to form a first single pulse signal based on the electric energy provided by the power supply module; the second pulse signal generating module is used to form a second single pulse signal and multiple return pulse signals based on the electric energy provided by the power supply module; the third pulse signal generating module is used to form multiple groups of third pulse group signals based on the electric energy provided by the power supply module. The present application solves the problem that the pulse signals generated by the existing lightning strike test device are relatively single.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of lightning simulation test, and in particular to a multi-type pulse generating circuit and a pulse generator for lightning test. Background Art

[0002] In aerospace, power transmission, communication networks and many other industrial fields, equipment or systems are often threatened by lightning strikes; lightning strikes not only cause direct physical damage, but may also cause transient overvoltage and overcurrent shocks to the electronic components and control systems inside the equipment through electromagnetic induction and current injection, thereby affecting the normal operation of the equipment and even causing failures. Therefore, it is particularly important to evaluate the performance of equipment under lightning strikes and to design lightning protection.

[0003] Traditional lightning tests often rely on real lightning strikes in nature or large artificial lightning simulation equipment. These methods have problems such as high cost, poor repeatability, and difficulty in accurately controlling test conditions. In order to more economically and efficiently evaluate the tolerance and performance of equipment in a lightning environment, R&D personnel have developed various types of lightning test devices.

[0004] However, most existing lightning test devices can only generate a single type of pulse signal, which makes it difficult to fully simulate the complex and changeable pulse waveforms in real lightning strikes. This limitation limits the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the test results and is not conducive to fully reflecting the actual performance of the equipment in complex lightning strike environments. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem that the pulse signal generated by the existing lightning test device is relatively single, which is not conducive to fully reflecting the actual performance of the equipment in a complex lightning environment, the present application provides a multi-type pulse generating circuit and a pulse generator for lightning test.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a multi-type pulse generating circuit for lightning strike test, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A multi-type pulse generating circuit for a lightning strike test, comprising a power supply module, a first pulse signal generating module, a second pulse signal generating module and a third pulse signal generating module; the power supply module is connected to the first pulse signal generating module, the second pulse signal generating module and the third pulse signal generating module respectively;

[0008] The first pulse signal generating module is used to form a first single pulse signal based on the electric energy provided by the power supply module;

[0009] The second pulse signal generating module is used to form a second single pulse signal and multiple return pulse signals based on the electric energy provided by the power supply module;

[0010] The third pulse signal generating module is used to form multiple groups of third pulse group signals based on the electric energy provided by the power supply module.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the power supply module provides power support for the three pulse signal generating modules; the first pulse signal generating module forms a first single pulse signal for simulating a single lightning strike; the second pulse signal generating module forms a second single pulse signal and multiple return pulse signals for simulating a single pulse signal and multiple return pulse signals; the third pulse signal generating module forms multiple groups of third pulse group signals, thereby simulating more complex lightning strikes, further improving the complexity and authenticity of the simulation. By adopting three pulse signal generating modules, different types of pulse signals can be formed to simulate different lightning strikes, providing more comprehensive and accurate lightning strike pulses, providing conditions for analyzing the distribution of internal transient induction signals and lightning coupling pathways of equipment such as aircraft and rockets when they are struck by lightning, helping R&D personnel to more comprehensively understand the performance of the equipment in a lightning strike environment, and also providing valuable data support for the lightning protection design of the equipment, which well solves the problem that the pulse signals generated by the existing lightning strike test device are relatively single, which is not conducive to fully reflecting the real performance of the equipment in a complex lightning strike environment.

[0012] In a specific implementation scheme, the first pulse signal generating module includes a switch QS1, a capacitor CH1, a switch KT1, a resistor R1, a diode D1, a resistor Rt1 and an inductor L3;

[0013] Among them, one end of the capacitor CH1 is connected to the positive electrode of the power module through the switch QS1, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of the power module; the power module, the switch QS1 and the capacitor CH1 constitute a first charging circuit;

[0014] After the switch KT1, the resistor R1, the inductor L3 and the resistor Rt1 are connected in series, one end is connected to the middle node of the capacitor CH1 and the switch QS1, and the other end is connected to the middle node of the capacitor CH1 and the negative electrode of the power module; the capacitor CH1, the switch KT1, the resistor R1, the inductor L3 and the resistor Rt1 constitute a first discharge loop;

[0015] The anode of the diode D1 is connected to the middle node of the resistor Rt1 and the capacitor CH1, and the cathode is connected to the middle node of the resistor R1 and the inductor L3; the diode D1, the inductor L3 and the resistor Rt1 form a first freewheeling loop.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution and designing the first pulse signal generating module, the circuit forms a charging and discharging circuit of capacitor CH1 and a freewheeling circuit of inductor L3; first, the energy provided by the power module is used to charge capacitor CH1; after the charging of capacitor CH1 is completed, capacitor CH1 is discharged to form a first single pulse signal on inductor L3; after the discharge of capacitor CH1 is completed, inductor L3 releases the stored electric energy through the corresponding freewheeling circuit, thereby completing the simulation of a single pulse signal. In this way, it is possible to well simulate the phenomenon that when a lightning strike actually occurs, the lightning strike effect will generate a single pulse signal with a higher intensity on the device.

[0017] In a specific implementation manner, the process of the first pulse signal generating module forming the first single pulse signal includes:

[0018] [T a0 -T a1 ] stage: the switch QS1 is closed, and the power module charges the capacitor CH1 through the first charging circuit;

[0019] [T a1 -T a2 ] stage: the switch QS1 is turned off, and the switch KT1 is turned on; the capacitor CH1 is discharged through the first discharge loop, and a first single pulse signal is formed on the inductor L3;

[0020] [T a2 -T a3 ] stage: the switch KT1 is disconnected, the inductor L3 is discharged through the first freewheeling loop, and the electrical energy is consumed by the resistor Rt1.

[0021] In a specific implementation scheme, the second pulse signal generating module includes a switch QS3, a resistor R4, a capacitor CH4, a resistor R6, a switch QS2, a resistor R3, a capacitor CH3, a switch KJ1, a resistor R5, a switch KT3, a switch KT4, a resistor R7, an inductor L6 and a resistor Rt2;

[0022] Among them, after the switch QS3, the resistor R4, the capacitor CH4 and the resistor R6 are connected in series, one end is connected to the positive electrode of the power module, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of the power module; the power module, the switch QS3, the resistor R4, the capacitor CH4 and the resistor R6 constitute a second charging circuit;

[0023] The switch QS2, the resistor R3, the capacitor CH3, the switch KJ1 and the resistor R5 are connected in series, one end of which is connected to the middle node of the switch QS3 and the resistor R4, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of the power module; the power module, the switch QS3, the switch QS2, the resistor R3, the capacitor CH3, the switch KJ1 and the resistor R5 constitute a third charging circuit;

[0024] After the switch KT4, the resistor R7, the inductor L6 and the resistor Rt2 are connected in series, one end is connected to the middle node between the resistor R3 and the capacitor CH3, and the other end is connected to the middle node between the capacitor CH4 and the resistor R6; one end of the switch KT3 is connected to the middle node between the capacitor CH3 and the switch KJ1, and the other end is connected to the middle node between the resistor R4 and the capacitor CH4; the capacitor CH4, the switch KT3, the capacitor CH3, the switch KT4, the resistor R7, the inductor L6 and the resistor Rt2 constitute a second discharge loop;

[0025] The anode of the diode D4 is connected to the middle node of the resistor Rt2 and the capacitor CH4, and the cathode is connected to the middle node of the resistor R7 and the inductor L6; the diode D4, the inductor L6 and the resistor Rt2 form a second freewheeling loop.

[0026] In a specific implementation manner, the process of the second pulse signal generating module forming the second single pulse signal includes:

[0027] [T b0 -T b1 ] stage: the switch QS2, the switch QS3 and the switch KJ1 are closed; the power module charges the capacitor CH4 through the second charging circuit, and the power module charges the capacitor CH3 through the third charging circuit;

[0028] [T b1 -T b2 ] stage: the switch QS2 and the switch QS3 are disconnected, and the switch KT3 and the switch KT4 are closed; the capacitor CH3 and the capacitor CH4 are discharged through the second discharge loop, and a second single pulse signal is formed on the inductor L6;

[0029] [T b2 -T b3 ] stage: the switch KT3 and the switch KT4 are disconnected, the inductor L6 is discharged through the second freewheeling loop, and the electrical energy is consumed by the resistor Rt2.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, first, the energy provided by the power module is used to charge capacitors CH3 and CH4 through two independent circuits respectively; after the two capacitors are charged, the two capacitors are discharged in series, forming a second single pulse signal on the inductor L6; after the two capacitors are discharged, the inductor L6 releases the stored electric energy through the corresponding freewheeling circuit. Through the process of parallel charging and series discharge of capacitors CH3 and CH4, a single pulse signal is formed.

[0031] In a specific implementation scheme, the first pulse signal generating module further includes a switch KJ3, a resistor R2 and a capacitor CH2; the second pulse signal generating module further includes a switch KT2, a diode D2, a switch QS4, a switch KJ2 and a diode D3;

[0032] Among them, after the switch KJ3, the resistor R2 and the capacitor CH2 are connected in series, one end is connected to the positive electrode of the power module through the switch QS1, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of the power module; the power module, the switch QS1, the switch KJ3, the resistor R2 and the capacitor CH2 constitute a fourth charging circuit;

[0033] After the switch KT2, the diode D2 and the switch QS4 are connected in series, one end is connected to the middle node of the switch KJ3 and the resistor R2, and the other end is connected to the middle node of the switch QS2 and the resistor R3; after the switch KJ2 and the diode D3 are connected in series, one end is connected to the middle node of the capacitor CH3 and the switch KJ1, and the other end is connected to the middle node of the resistor R4 and the capacitor CH4; the power module, the switch QS1, the switch KJ3, the switch KT2, the diode D2, the switch QS4, the resistor R3, the capacitor CH3, the switch KJ2, the diode D3, the capacitor CH4 and the resistor R6 constitute a fifth charging circuit.

[0034] In a specific implementation manner, the process of the second pulse signal generating module generating multiple return pulse signals includes:

[0035] [T b3 -T b4 ] stage: the switch QS1 and the switch KJ3 are closed; the power module charges the capacitor CH1 through the first charging circuit and charges the capacitor CH2 through the fourth charging circuit;

[0036] [T b4 -T b5] stage: the switch KT2, the switch QS4 and the switch KJ2 are closed; the power module charges the capacitor CH3 and the capacitor CH4 through the fifth charging circuit;

[0037] [T b5 -T b6 ] stage: the switch KT2 is opened, the switch KT3 and the switch KT4 are closed; the capacitor CH3 and the capacitor CH4 are discharged through the second discharge circuit;

[0038] [T b6 -T b7 ] stage: the switch KT3 and the switch KT4 are disconnected, the inductor L6 is discharged through the second freewheeling loop, and the electrical energy is consumed by the resistor Rt2;

[0039] [T b7 -T b8 ] stage: Repeat [T b4 -T b5 ] stage to [T b6 -T b7 ] stage, forming multiple return pulse signals on the inductor L6.

[0040] By adopting the above technical solution, the two capacitors CH1 and CH2 in the first pulse signal generating module are used to keep charging, and then the energy provided by the power supply module is used to charge the capacitors CH3 and CH4 through the same charging circuit; after the two capacitors are charged, the two capacitors are discharged in series. The process of charging and discharging capacitors CH3 and CH4 in series is repeated cyclically to form multiple return pulse signals. In this way, it can be well simulated that when a lightning strike actually occurs, the lightning strike effect will generate a high-intensity pulse signal and multiple return pulse signals on the equipment in turn.

[0041] In a specific implementation scheme, the third pulse signal generating module includes a switch QS5, a resistor R8, a capacitor CH5, a resistor R9, a switch KT5, a resistor R10, an inductor L9, a resistor Rt3 and a diode D5;

[0042] Among them, after the switch QS5, the resistor R8, the capacitor CH5 and the resistor R9 are connected in series, one end is connected to the middle node of the diode D2 and the switch QS4, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of the power module; the power module, the switch QS1, the switch KJ3, the switch KT2, the diode D2, the switch QS5, the resistor R8, the capacitor CH5 and the resistor R9 constitute a sixth charging circuit;

[0043] The switch KT5, the resistor R10, the inductor L9 and the resistor Rt3 are connected in series, one end of which is connected to the middle node between the resistor R8 and the capacitor CH5, and the other end is connected to the middle node between the capacitor CH5 and the resistor R9; the capacitor CH5, the switch KT5, the resistor R10, the inductor L9 and the resistor Rt3 form a third discharge loop;

[0044] The anode of the diode D5 is connected to the middle node between the resistor Rt3 and the resistor R9, and the cathode is connected to the middle node between the resistor R10 and the inductor L9; the diode D5, the inductor L9 and the resistor Rt3 form a third freewheeling loop.

[0045] In a specific implementation manner, the process of the third pulse signal generating module forming the third pulse group signal includes:

[0046] [T c1 -T c2 ] stage: the switch QS1, the switch KJ3 and the switch QS5 are closed; the power module charges the capacitor CH1 through the first charging circuit and charges the capacitor CH2 through the fourth charging circuit respectively;

[0047] [T c2 -T c3 ] stage: the switch KT2 is closed; the power module charges the capacitor CH5 through the sixth charging circuit;

[0048] [T c3 -T c4 ] stage: the switch KT2 is opened, and the switch KT5 is closed; the capacitor CH5 is discharged through the third discharge loop;

[0049] [T c4 -T c5 ] stage: the switch KT5 is turned off, the inductor L9 is discharged through the third freewheeling loop, and the resistor Rt3 consumes the electric energy;

[0050] [T c5 -T c6 ] stage: Repeat [T c2 -T c3 ] stage to [T c4 -T c5 ] stage, forming a set of third pulse group signals on the inductor L9;

[0051] [T c6 -T c7 ] stage: after forming a set of third pulse group signals, repeat [T c2 -Tc3 ] stage to [T c5 -T c6 ] stage steps, forming multiple groups of third pulse group signals on the inductor L9.

[0052] By adopting the above technical solution, the two capacitors CH1 and CH2 in the first pulse signal generating module are also used to keep charging, and then the energy provided by the power supply module is used to charge the capacitor CH5 through the sixth charging circuit; after the charging of the capacitor CH5 is completed, the capacitor CH5 is discharged through the third discharge circuit, and the inductor L9 releases the energy through the third freewheeling circuit. The charging and discharging process of the capacitor CH5 is repeated cyclically to realize the formation of the third pulse group signal. In this way, it can be well simulated that when a lightning strike actually occurs, the lightning strike effect will generate multiple groups of pulse group signals on the device in sequence.

[0053] In a second aspect, the present application provides a pulse generator, comprising the multi-type pulse generating circuit for lightning strike testing as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation scheme of the first aspect.

[0054] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0055] 1. The technical solution of the present application provides power support for three pulse signal generating modules through a power supply module; forms a first single pulse signal through a first pulse signal generating module to simulate a single lightning strike; forms a second single pulse signal and multiple return pulse signals through a second pulse signal generating module to simulate a single pulse signal and multiple return pulse signals of lightning strike; forms multiple groups of third pulse group signals through a third pulse signal generating module, thereby simulating more complex lightning strikes, further improving the complexity and authenticity of the simulation;

[0056] 2. This application uses three pulse signal generating modules to form different types of pulse signals, thereby simulating different lightning strikes and providing more comprehensive and accurate lightning pulses. This provides conditions for analyzing the distribution of internal transient induction signals and lightning coupling pathways of aircraft, rockets and other equipment when they are struck by external lightning. This helps researchers and developers to have a more comprehensive understanding of the performance of the equipment under a lightning strike environment, and can also provide valuable data support for the lightning protection design of the equipment. This solves the problem that the pulse signals generated by existing lightning test devices are relatively single, which is not conducive to fully reflecting the true performance of the equipment under a complex lightning strike environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-type pulse generating circuit used for a lightning strike test in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a charge and discharge circuit when a first single pulse signal is formed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a charge and discharge circuit when a second single pulse signal is formed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a charging and discharging circuit when multiple return pulse signals are formed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a charge and discharge circuit when a third pulse group signal is formed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 6 It is a connection diagram of an AC power supply, a surge protector, an air switch QF1 and a power module in an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of waveforms of three types of pulse signals in the embodiments of the present application;

[0064] Figure 8 It is a waveform diagram of different types of pulse signals obtained by using an oscilloscope;

[0065] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of simulation results obtained using simulation software.

[0066] Description of reference numerals:

[0067] 1. Power supply module; 2. First pulse signal generating module; 3. Second pulse signal generating module; 4. Third pulse signal generating module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] In order to enable technicians in this field to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments.

[0069] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, words such as "for example" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "for example" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "for example" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0070] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" means two or more. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. The terms "include", "comprise", "have" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0071] The present application embodiment provides a multi-type pulse generating circuit for lightning strike test, referring to Figure 1 The circuit includes a power supply module 1, a first pulse signal generating module 2, a second pulse signal generating module 3 and a third pulse signal generating module 4; the power supply module 1 is connected to the first pulse signal generating module 2, the second pulse signal generating module 3 and the third pulse signal generating module 4 respectively;

[0072] The first pulse signal generating module 2 is used to form a first single pulse signal based on the electric energy provided by the power supply module 1;

[0073] The second pulse signal generating module 3 is used to generate a second single pulse signal and multiple return pulse signals based on the electric energy provided by the power supply module 1;

[0074] The third pulse signal generating module 4 is used to form a plurality of third pulse group signals based on the electric energy provided by the power supply module 1 .

[0075] The technical solution of the present application provides electric energy support for three pulse signal generating modules through the power supply module 1; forms a first single pulse signal through the first pulse signal generating module 2 to simulate a single lightning strike; forms a second single pulse signal and multiple return pulse signals through the second pulse signal generating module 3 to simulate the lightning strike of a single pulse signal and multiple return pulse signals; forms multiple groups of third pulse group signals through the third pulse signal generating module 4, thereby simulating more complex lightning strikes, further improving the complexity and authenticity of the simulation. The present application adopts three pulse signal generating modules, which can form different types of pulse signals, thereby simulating different lightning strikes, providing more comprehensive and accurate lightning strike pulses, and providing conditions for analyzing the distribution of internal transient induction signals and lightning coupling pathways of equipment such as aircraft and rockets when they are struck by lightning externally, helping R&D personnel to more comprehensively understand the performance of the equipment under a lightning strike environment, and can also provide valuable data support for the lightning protection design of the equipment, which well solves the problem that the pulse signals generated by the existing lightning strike test device are relatively single, which is not conducive to fully reflecting the real performance of the equipment under a complex lightning strike environment.

[0076] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first pulse signal generating module 2 includes a switch QS1, a capacitor CH1, a switch KT1, a resistor R1, a diode D1, a resistor Rt1 and an inductor L3; wherein the inductor L3 is a simulated load; that is, in the multi-type pulse generating circuit of the present lightning test, the inductor L3 is used as a simulated load; if the present simulated circuit is applied in practice, only two terminals need to be extended from both ends of the inductor L3 to connect the load, that is, the equipment to be subjected to the lightning test.

[0077] Among them, one end of the capacitor CH1 is connected to the positive electrode of the power module 1 through the switch QS1, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of the power module 1; the power module 1, the switch QS1 and the capacitor CH1 constitute a first charging circuit; further, the negative electrode of the power module 1 is grounded;

[0078] After the switch KT1, the resistor R1, the inductor L3 and the resistor Rt1 are connected in series, one end is connected to the middle node of the capacitor CH1 and the switch QS1, and the other end is connected to the middle node of the capacitor CH1 and the negative electrode of the power module 1; the capacitor CH1, the switch KT1, the resistor R1, the inductor L3 and the resistor Rt1 constitute a first discharge loop;

[0079] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 , the end of the switch KT1 not connected to the resistor R1 is connected to the middle node of the capacitor CH1 and the switch QS1; the end of the resistor Rt1 not connected to the inductor L3 is connected to the middle node of the capacitor CH1 and the negative electrode of the power module 1.

[0080] The anode of the diode D1 is connected to the middle node of the resistor Rt1 and the capacitor CH1, and the cathode is connected to the middle node of the resistor R1 and the inductor L3; the diode D1, the inductor L3 and the resistor Rt1 form a first freewheeling loop.

[0081] In a possible implementation manner, the process of the first pulse signal generating module 2 forming the first single pulse signal includes:

[0082] [T a0 -T a1 ] stage: the switch QS1 is closed, and the power module 1 charges the capacitor CH1 through the first charging circuit;

[0083] [T a1 -T a2] stage: the switch QS1 is turned off, and the switch KT1 is turned on; the capacitor CH1 is discharged through the first discharge loop, and a first single pulse signal is formed on the inductor L3;

[0084] [T a2 -T a3 ] stage: the switch KT1 is disconnected, the inductor L3 is discharged through the first freewheeling loop, and the electrical energy is consumed by the resistor Rt1.

[0085] It is understood by those skilled in the art that the resistor R1 affects the wave head shape of the first single pulse signal by affecting the speed of change of the current and consuming part of the energy. Those skilled in the art can adjust the rising speed and peak value of the first single pulse signal by adjusting the resistance value of the resistor R1 according to actual needs.

[0086] Similarly, the resistor Rt1 can affect the speed of change of the current in the freewheeling stage, thereby affecting the wave tail shape of the first single pulse signal. Those skilled in the art can adjust the falling speed of the first single pulse signal by adjusting the resistance value of the resistor Rt1 according to actual needs.

[0087] In a possible implementation manner, the first pulse signal generating module 2 further includes an inductor L1 , which is connected in series between the switch KT1 and the resistor R1 , and the inductor L1 is a parasitic inductor.

[0088] In a possible implementation, the first pulse signal generating module 2 further includes an inductor L2; the inductor L2 is connected in parallel to both ends of the inductor L3 to stabilize the voltage across the two ends of the inductor L3.

[0089] In a possible implementation manner, the multi-type pulse generating circuit for lightning strike test further includes a resistor RH1; the resistor RH1 is connected between the switch QS1 and the positive electrode of the power module 1 to play a role in circuit protection.

[0090] Through the design of the first pulse signal generating module 2, the circuit constitutes the charging and discharging circuit of the capacitor CH1 and the freewheeling circuit of the inductor L3; first, the energy provided by the power module 1 is used to charge the capacitor CH1; after the charging of the capacitor CH1 is completed, the capacitor CH1 is discharged to form a first single pulse signal on the inductor L3. At this stage, the current on the inductor L3 rises from 0 to the peak value, forming the wave head part of the first single pulse signal; after the capacitor CH1 is discharged, the inductor L3 releases the stored electric energy through the corresponding freewheeling circuit. At this stage, the current on the inductor L3 gradually decreases from the peak value to form the wave tail part of the first single pulse signal, thereby completing the simulation of a single pulse signal. In this way, it is possible to well simulate the phenomenon that when a lightning strike actually occurs, the lightning strike effect will produce a single pulse signal with a higher intensity on the device. Those skilled in the art can determine the capacity of the capacitor CH1 according to the requirements for the intensity of the first single pulse signal.

[0091] In the first pulse signal generating module 2, by adding the diode D1, it is not necessary to select a capacitor with a large capacity when selecting the capacitor CH1, thereby saving the number of power modules and reducing the volume occupied.

[0092] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The second pulse signal generating module 3 includes a switch QS3, a resistor R4, a capacitor CH4, a resistor R6, a switch QS2, a resistor R3, a capacitor CH3, a switch KJ1, a resistor R5, a switch KT3, a switch KT4, a resistor R7, an inductor L6 and a resistor Rt2; specifically, the inductor L6 is a simulated load; similarly, in the multi-type pulse generating circuit of the present lightning strike test, the inductor L6 is used as a simulated load; if the present simulated circuit is applied in practice, it is only necessary to extend two terminals at both ends of the inductor L6 to connect the load.

[0093] Among them, after the switch QS3, the resistor R4, the capacitor CH4 and the resistor R6 are connected in series, one end is connected to the positive electrode of the power module 1, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of the power module 1; the power module 1, the switch QS3, the resistor R4, the capacitor CH4 and the resistor R6 constitute a second charging circuit;

[0094] Specifically, according to Figure 1 , the end of the switch QS3 not connected to the resistor R4 is connected to the positive electrode of the power module 1; the end of the resistor R6 not connected to the capacitor CH4 is connected to the negative electrode of the power module 1.

[0095] The switch QS2, the resistor R3, the capacitor CH3, the switch KJ1 and the resistor R5 are connected in series, one end of which is connected to the middle node of the switch QS3 and the resistor R4, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of the power module 1; the power module 1, the switch QS3, the switch QS2, the resistor R3, the capacitor CH3, the switch KJ1 and the resistor R5 constitute a third charging circuit;

[0096] Specifically, according to Figure 1 The switch QS2, the resistor R3, the capacitor CH3, the switch KJ1 and the resistor R5 are connected in series in sequence, and the end of the switch QS2 not connected to the resistor R3 is connected to the middle node of the switch QS3 and the resistor R4; the end of the resistor R5 not connected to the switch KJ1 is connected to the negative electrode of the power module 1.

[0097] After the switch KT4, the resistor R7, the inductor L6 and the resistor Rt2 are connected in series, one end is connected to the middle node between the resistor R3 and the capacitor CH3, and the other end is connected to the middle node between the capacitor CH4 and the resistor R6; one end of the switch KT3 is connected to the middle node between the capacitor CH3 and the switch KJ1, and the other end is connected to the middle node between the resistor R4 and the capacitor CH4; the capacitor CH4, the switch KT3, the capacitor CH3, the switch KT4, the resistor R7, the inductor L6 and the resistor Rt2 constitute a second discharge loop;

[0098] Specifically, according to Figure 1 The switch KT4, the resistor R7, the inductor L6 and the resistor Rt2 are connected in series in sequence, and the end of the switch KT4 not connected to the resistor R7 is connected to the middle node of the resistor R3 and the capacitor CH3; the end of the resistor Rt2 not connected to the inductor L6 is connected to the middle node of the capacitor CH4 and the resistor R6.

[0099] The anode of the diode D4 is connected to the middle node of the resistor Rt2 and the capacitor CH4, and the cathode is connected to the middle node of the resistor R7 and the inductor L6; the diode D4, the inductor L6 and the resistor Rt2 form a second freewheeling loop.

[0100] In a possible implementation manner, the process of the second pulse signal generating module 3 forming the second single pulse signal includes:

[0101] [T b0 -T b1] stage: the switch QS2, the switch QS3 and the switch KJ1 are closed; the power module 1 charges the capacitor CH4 through the second charging circuit, and the power module 1 charges the capacitor CH3 through the third charging circuit;

[0102] [T b1 -T b2 ] stage: the switch QS2 and the switch QS3 are disconnected, and the switch KT3 and the switch KT4 are closed; the capacitor CH3 and the capacitor CH4 are discharged through the second discharge loop, and a second single pulse signal is formed on the inductor L6;

[0103] [T b2 -T b3 ] stage: the switch KT3 and the switch KT4 are disconnected, the inductor L6 is discharged through the second freewheeling loop, and the electrical energy is consumed by the resistor Rt2.

[0104] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in [T b0 -T b1 After the control switch KJ1 is closed, in [T b1 -T b2 ] stage and [T b2 -T b3 ] stage, the on and off of switch KJ1 does not affect the generation of the pulse signal, so it can be controlled to be disconnected, or it can be not controlled and kept closed.

[0105] In a possible implementation, the resistor R7 affects the wave head shape of the second single pulse signal by affecting the speed of change of the current and consuming part of the energy. Those skilled in the art can adjust the rising speed and peak value of the second single pulse signal by adjusting the resistance value of the resistor R7 according to actual needs.

[0106] Similarly, the resistor Rt2 affects the wave tail shape of the second single pulse signal by affecting the change speed of the current during the freewheeling phase. Those skilled in the art can adjust the falling speed of the second single pulse signal by adjusting the resistance value of the resistor Rt2 according to actual needs.

[0107] In a possible implementation manner, the second pulse signal generating module 3 further includes an inductor L4 , which is connected in series between the switch KT4 and the resistor R7 , and the inductor L4 is a parasitic inductor.

[0108] In a possible implementation manner, the second pulse signal generating module 3 further includes an inductor L5; the inductor L5 is connected in parallel to both ends of the inductor L6 to stabilize the voltage at both ends of the inductor L6.

[0109] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , the first pulse signal generating module 2 further includes a switch KJ3, a resistor R2 and a capacitor CH2; the second pulse signal generating module 3 further includes a switch KT2, a diode D2, a switch QS4, a switch KJ2 and a diode D3;

[0110] Among them, after the switch KJ3, the resistor R2 and the capacitor CH2 are connected in series, one end is connected to the positive electrode of the power module 1 through the switch QS1, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of the power module 1; the power module 1, the switch QS1, the switch KJ3, the resistor R2 and the capacitor CH2 constitute a fourth charging circuit;

[0111] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 The switch KJ3, the resistor R2 and the capacitor CH2 are connected in series in sequence, and the end of the switch KJ3 not connected to the resistor R2 is connected to the positive electrode of the power module 1 through the switch QS1; the end of the capacitor CH2 not connected to the resistor R2 is connected to the negative electrode of the power module 1.

[0112] After the switch KT2, the diode D2 and the switch QS4 are connected in series, one end is connected to the middle node of the switch KJ3 and the resistor R2, and the other end is connected to the middle node of the switch QS2 and the resistor R3; after the switch KJ2 and the diode D3 are connected in series, one end is connected to the middle node of the capacitor CH3 and the switch KJ1, and the other end is connected to the middle node of the resistor R4 and the capacitor CH4; the power module 1, the switch QS1, the switch KJ3, the switch KT2, the diode D2, the switch QS4, the resistor R3, the capacitor CH3, the switch KJ2, the diode D3, the capacitor CH4 and the resistor R6 constitute a fifth charging circuit.

[0113] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 , the switch KT2, the diode D2 and the switch QS4 are connected in series in sequence, and the end of the switch KT2 not connected to the diode D2 is connected to the middle node of the switch KJ3 and the resistor R2; the end of the switch QS4 not connected to the diode D2 is connected to the middle node of the switch QS2 and the resistor R3; and the switch QS4 is connected to the cathode of the diode D2.

[0114] In a possible implementation manner, the process of the second pulse signal generating module 3 generating multiple return pulse signals includes:

[0115] [T b3 -T b4] stage: the switch QS1 and the switch KJ3 are closed; the power module 1 charges the capacitor CH1 through the first charging circuit and charges the capacitor CH2 through the fourth charging circuit;

[0116] [T b4 -T b5 ] stage: the switch KT2, the switch QS4 and the switch KJ2 are closed; the power module 1 charges the capacitor CH3 and the capacitor CH4 through the fifth charging circuit;

[0117] [T b5 -T b6 ] stage: the switch KT2 is opened, the switch KT3 and the switch KT4 are closed; the capacitors CH3 and CH4 are discharged through the second discharge loop; it can be understood that for the switch KJ2, in [T b4 -T b5 ] stage to control its closure, in [T b5 -T b6 ] stage, its on and off will not affect the discharge of the capacitor, so it can be controlled to be disconnected, or it cannot be operated, just keep it closed;

[0118] [T b6 -T b7 ] stage: the switch KT3 and the switch KT4 are disconnected, the inductor L6 is discharged through the second freewheeling loop, and the electrical energy is consumed by the resistor Rt2;

[0119] [T b7 -T b8 ] stage: Repeat [T b4 -T b5 ] stage to [T b6 -T b7 ] stage, forming multiple return pulse signals on the inductor L6.

[0120] It can be understood that by controlling the closing time and the opening time of the corresponding switch, the time interval between the second single pulse signal and the multiple return pulse signals can be controlled, and the time interval between two adjacent single pulse signals in the multiple return pulse signals can also be controlled. Those skilled in the art can set them by themselves and will not be elaborated here.

[0121] Through the design of the second pulse signal generating module 3, first, the energy provided by the power module 1 is used to charge the capacitors CH3 and CH4 through two independent circuits respectively; after the two capacitors are fully charged, the two capacitors are discharged in series to form a second single pulse signal on the inductor L6. At this stage, the current on the inductor L6 rises from 0 to the peak value, forming the wave head part of the second single pulse signal; after the two capacitors are fully discharged, the inductor L6 releases the stored electric energy through the corresponding freewheeling circuit. At this stage, the current on the inductor L6 gradually decreases from the peak value, forming the wave tail part of the second single pulse signal. Through the process of parallel charging and series discharge of capacitors CH3 and CH4, the formation of a single pulse signal is completed.

[0122] Afterwards, the two capacitors CH1 and CH2 in the first pulse signal generating module 2 are used to keep charging, and the energy provided by the power supply module 1 is used to charge the capacitors CH3 and CH4 through the same charging circuit; after the two capacitors are fully charged, the two capacitors are discharged in series. The process of charging and discharging capacitors CH3 and CH4 in series is repeated cyclically to realize the formation of multiple return pulse signals. By using capacitors CH1 and CH2, the charging speed of subsequent capacitors CH3 and CH4 is accelerated. Since multiple return pulse signals are also composed of multiple single pulse signals, the speed of forming each single pulse signal in the multiple return pulse signals is accelerated, and the time interval between two adjacent single pulse signals in the multiple return pulse signals is shortened.

[0123] In this way, the phenomenon that when a lightning strike actually occurs, the lightning strike effect will successively generate a high-intensity pulse signal and multiple return pulse signals on the device can be well simulated. Technical personnel in this field can determine the capacity of capacitors CH3 and CH4 based on the requirements for the second single pulse signal strength and the multiple return pulse signal strengths.

[0124] It can be understood that, when the second pulse signal generating module 3 forms the second single pulse signal, the capacitor CH3 and the capacitor CH4 form a parallel charging and series discharging structure. When the capacitor CH3 and the capacitor CH4 are fully charged and switched to the discharging state, the voltage across the capacitor cannot change suddenly. Therefore, when switching to the discharging state, the voltage at the end of the inductor CH3 connected to the resistor R3 is relatively high, which is the sum of the energy stored in the capacitor CH3 and the capacitor CH4. Therefore, the intensity of the second single pulse signal is also relatively large. When forming multiple return pulse signals, the capacitor CH3 and the capacitor CH4 form a series charging and series discharging structure. When the capacitor CH3 and the capacitor CH4 are fully charged and switched to the discharging state, the voltage at the end of the inductor CH3 connected to the resistor R3 is relatively low. Therefore, the intensity of the multiple return pulse signals is less than that of the second single pulse signal.

[0125] For example, if the voltages of capacitors CH3 and CH4 after charging are both 10 kV, the strength of the second single pulse signal is about 10 kV, and the strength of each single pulse signal in the multiple return pulse signals is about 5 kV.

[0126] Those skilled in the art can understand that the speed of forming the second single pulse signal is higher than the speed of forming the first single pulse signal; that is, the wave crest time of the second single pulse signal is shorter than the wave crest time of the first single pulse signal.

[0127] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 The third pulse signal generating module 4 includes a switch QS5, a resistor R8, a capacitor CH5, a resistor R9, a switch KT5, a resistor R10, an inductor L9, a resistor Rt3 and a diode D5; specifically, the inductor L9 is a simulated load. Similarly, in the multi-type pulse generating circuit of this lightning test, the inductor L9 is used as a simulated load; if this simulated circuit is applied in practice, it is only necessary to extend two terminals at both ends of the inductor L9 to connect the load.

[0128] Among them, after the switch QS5, the resistor R8, the capacitor CH5 and the resistor R9 are connected in series, one end is connected to the middle node of the diode D2 and the switch QS4, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of the power module 1; the power module 1, the switch QS1, the switch KJ3, the switch KT2, the diode D2, the switch QS5, the resistor R8, the capacitor CH5 and the resistor R9 constitute a sixth charging circuit;

[0129] Specifically, the switch QS5, the resistor R8, the capacitor CH5 and the resistor R9 are connected in series in sequence, and the end of the switch QS5 not connected to the resistor R8 is connected to the middle node of the diode D2 and the switch QS4; the end of the resistor R9 not connected to the capacitor CH5 is connected to the negative electrode of the power module 1.

[0130] The switch KT5, the resistor R10, the inductor L9 and the resistor Rt3 are connected in series, one end of which is connected to the middle node between the resistor R8 and the capacitor CH5, and the other end is connected to the middle node between the capacitor CH5 and the resistor R9; the capacitor CH5, the switch KT5, the resistor R10, the inductor L9 and the resistor Rt3 form a third discharge loop;

[0131] Specifically, the switch KT5, the resistor R10, the inductor L9 and the resistor Rt3 are connected in series in sequence, and the end of the switch KT5 not connected to the resistor R10 is connected to the middle node between the resistor R8 and the capacitor CH5; the end of the resistor Rt3 not connected to the inductor L9 is connected to the middle node between the capacitor CH5 and the resistor R9.

[0132] The anode of the diode D5 is connected to the middle node between the resistor Rt3 and the resistor R9, and the cathode is connected to the middle node between the resistor R10 and the inductor L9; the diode D5, the inductor L9 and the resistor Rt3 form a third freewheeling loop.

[0133] In a possible implementation manner, the process of the third pulse signal generating module 4 forming the third pulse group signal includes:

[0134] [T c1 -T c2 ] stage: the switch QS1, the switch KJ3 and the switch QS5 are closed; the power module 1 charges the capacitor CH1 through the first charging circuit and charges the capacitor CH2 through the fourth charging circuit;

[0135] [T c2 -T c3 ] stage: the switch KT2 is closed; the power module 1 charges the capacitor CH5 through the sixth charging circuit;

[0136] [T c3 -T c4 ] stage: the switch KT2 is opened, and the switch KT5 is closed; the capacitor CH5 is discharged through the third discharge loop;

[0137] [T c4 -T c5 ] stage: the switch KT5 is turned off, the inductor L9 is discharged through the third freewheeling loop, and the resistor Rt3 consumes the electric energy;

[0138] [T c5 -T c6 ] stage: Repeat [T c2 -T c3 ] stage to [T c4 -T c5 ] stage, forming a set of third pulse group signals on the inductor L9;

[0139] [T c6 -T c7 ] stage: after forming a set of third pulse group signals, repeat [T c2 -Tc3 ] stage to [T c5 -T c6 ] stage steps, forming multiple groups of third pulse group signals on the inductor L9.

[0140] It is understandable that by controlling the closing time and the opening time of the corresponding switch, the time interval between two adjacent single pulse signals in the same group of third pulse group signals can be controlled, and the time interval between two adjacent groups of third pulse group signals can also be controlled. Those skilled in the art can set it by themselves, and no further details will be given here.

[0141] Therefore, by designing the third pulse signal generating module 4, the two capacitors CH1 and CH2 in the first pulse signal generating module 2 are also used to keep charging, and then the energy provided by the power supply module 1 is used to charge the capacitor CH5 through the sixth charging circuit; after the charging of the capacitor CH5 is completed, the capacitor CH5 is discharged through the third discharge circuit, and the inductor L9 releases the energy through the third freewheeling circuit. The charging and discharging process of the capacitor CH5 is repeated cyclically to realize the formation of the third pulse group signal. Therefore, by using the capacitor CH1 and the capacitor CH2, the charging speed of the subsequent capacitor CH5 is accelerated. Since the third pulse group signal is also composed of multiple single pulse signals, the speed of forming each single pulse signal in the third pulse group signal is accelerated, and the time interval between two adjacent single pulse signals in the third pulse group signal is shortened. In this way, it is possible to well simulate the phenomenon that when a lightning strike actually occurs, the lightning strike effect will generate multiple groups of pulse group signals on the device in sequence.

[0142] Those skilled in the art can determine the capacity of the capacitor CH5 according to the requirement for the strength of the third pulse group signal; and can also adjust the time interval between two adjacent groups of third pulse group signals by adjusting the closing time of the switch KT2.

[0143] In a possible implementation, the resistor R10 affects the wave head shape of each single pulse signal in the third pulse group signal by affecting the speed of change of the current and consuming part of the energy. Those skilled in the art can adjust the rising speed and peak value of each single pulse signal in the third pulse group signal by adjusting the resistance value of the resistor R10 according to actual needs.

[0144] Similarly, the resistor Rt3 affects the wave tail shape of each single pulse signal in the third pulse group signal by affecting the change speed of the current during the freewheeling stage. Those skilled in the art can adjust the falling speed of each single pulse signal in the third pulse group signal by adjusting the resistance value of the resistor Rt3 according to actual needs.

[0145] In a possible implementation manner, the third pulse signal generating module 4 further includes an inductor L7; the inductor L7 is connected in series between the switch KT5 and the resistor R10, and the inductor L7 is a parasitic inductor.

[0146] In a possible implementation, the third pulse signal generating module 4 further includes an inductor L8; the inductor L8 is connected in parallel to both ends of the inductor L9 to stabilize the voltage at both ends of the inductor L9.

[0147] Preferably, the switch KT2 and the switch KT5 are MOS switches, which can respond quickly to the signal from the control end and perform closing and opening operations; the switch KT1, the switch KT3 and the switch KT4 are SCR switches, which are automatically turned off when the current flowing through the SCR switch is lower than a certain value. The diodes D2 and D3 are high-voltage diodes.

[0148] Those skilled in the art can understand that the resistors used in the present application, such as resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, resistor R6, resistor R8, resistor R9, etc., can play an isolation role.

[0149] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 6 The multi-type pulse generating circuit for lightning strike test also includes an AC power supply, an air switch QF1 and a surge protector; the power module 1 is connected to the AC power supply through the air switch QF1, and the power module 1 is used to convert the AC power provided by the AC power supply into DC power to provide power for the first pulse signal generating module 2, the second pulse signal generating module 3 and the third pulse signal generating module 4. The surge protector is connected to the line between the AC power supply and the power module 1 to play a role in surge protection.

[0150] For ease of understanding, refer to Figure 7 , a schematic diagram of three types of pulse signals is shown, wherein each set of third pulse group signals may include one or more single pulse signals, and those skilled in the art may design them according to actual needs.

[0151] Reference Figure 8 , are waveforms of different types of pulse signals obtained by using an oscilloscope based on the pulse generating circuit of this embodiment. Figure 8 The three figures in FIG. 1 respectively represent the waveform diagram of the first single pulse signal, the waveform diagram of the second single pulse signal and the multiple return pulse signals, and the waveform diagram of a group of third pulse group signals.

[0152] Reference Fig. 9, is a simulation result obtained by using simulation software based on the pulse generating circuit of this embodiment; wherein, in the simulation diagram, the horizontal axis is time, the unit is μs; the vertical axis is current, the unit is kA. Fig. 9 The three figures in the figure respectively represent the simulation diagram of the first single pulse signal, the simulation diagram of a single pulse signal in the multiple return pulse signals, and the simulation diagram of a single pulse signal in the third pulse group signal. According to the simulation diagram, it can be seen that the first single pulse signal wave head has a slow rising speed and the highest peak value, the wave head of a single pulse signal in the multiple return pulse signals has a moderate rising speed and a moderate peak value, and the wave head of a single pulse signal in the third pulse group signal has the fastest rising speed and the lowest peak value. Those skilled in the art can adjust the rising speed and peak value of each pulse signal wave head by adjusting the capacity of the corresponding capacitor and the on-off time of the corresponding switch, which will not be repeated here.

[0153] An embodiment of the present application provides a pulse generator, including the multi-type pulse generating circuits for lightning strike tests described in the above embodiments.

[0154] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-type pulse generating circuit for lightning strike test, characterized in that: It includes a power supply module, a first pulse signal generating module, a second pulse signal generating module and a third pulse signal generating module; the power supply module is connected to the first pulse signal generating module, the second pulse signal generating module and the third pulse signal generating module respectively; A first pulse signal generating module, used for forming a first single pulse signal based on the electric energy provided by the power supply module; A second pulse signal generating module, used for forming a second single pulse signal and multiple return pulse signals based on the electric energy provided by the power supply module; A third pulse signal generating module, used for forming a plurality of third pulse group signals based on the electric energy provided by the power supply module; The first pulse signal generating module includes a switch QS1, a capacitor CH1, a switch KT1, a resistor R1, a diode D1, a resistor Rt1 and an inductor L3; Among them, one end of the capacitor CH1 is connected to the positive electrode of the power module through the switch QS1, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of the power module; the power module, the switch QS1 and the capacitor CH1 constitute a first charging circuit; After the switch KT1, the resistor R1, the inductor L3 and the resistor Rt1 are connected in series, one end is connected to the middle node of the capacitor CH1 and the switch QS1, and the other end is connected to the middle node of the capacitor CH1 and the negative electrode of the power module; the capacitor CH1, the switch KT1, the resistor R1, the inductor L3 and the resistor Rt1 form a first discharge loop; The positive electrode of the diode D1 is connected to the middle node of the resistor Rt1 and the capacitor CH1, and the negative electrode is connected to the middle node of the resistor R1 and the inductor L3; the diode D1, the inductor L3 and the resistor Rt1 form a first freewheeling loop; The resistance value of the resistor R1 affects the rising speed of the first single pulse signal, the resistance value of the resistor Rt1 affects the falling speed of the first single pulse signal, and the capacity of the capacitor CH1 affects the strength of the first single pulse signal; The first pulse signal generating module also includes a switch KJ3, a resistor R2 and a capacitor CH2; the second pulse signal generating module also includes a switch KT2, a diode D2, a switch QS4, a switch KJ2 and a diode D3; Among them, after the switch KJ3, the resistor R2 and the capacitor CH2 are connected in series, one end is connected to the positive electrode of the power module through the switch QS1, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of the power module; the power module, the switch QS1, the switch KJ3, the resistor R2 and the capacitor CH2 constitute a fourth charging circuit; After the switch KT2, the diode D2 and the switch QS4 are connected in series, one end is connected to the middle node of the switch KJ3 and the resistor R2, and the other end is connected to the middle node of the switch QS2 and the resistor R3; after the switch KJ2 and the diode D3 are connected in series, one end is connected to the middle node of the capacitor CH3 and the switch KJ1, and the other end is connected to the middle node of the resistor R4 and the capacitor CH4; the power module, the switch QS1, the switch KJ3, the switch KT2, the diode D2, the switch QS4, the resistor R3, the capacitor CH3, the switch KJ2, the diode D3, the capacitor CH4 and the resistor R6 constitute the fifth charging circuit.

2. The multi-type pulse generating circuit for lightning strike test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of the first pulse signal generating module forming the first single pulse signal includes: [T a0 -T a1 ] stage: the switch QS1 is closed, and the power module charges the capacitor CH1 through the first charging circuit; [T a1 -T a2 ] stage: the switch QS1 is turned off, and the switch KT1 is turned on; the capacitor CH1 is discharged through the first discharge loop, and a first single pulse signal is formed on the inductor L3; [T a2 -T a3 ] stage: the switch KT1 is disconnected, the inductor L3 is discharged through the first freewheeling loop, and the electrical energy is consumed by the resistor Rt1.

3. The multi-type pulse generating circuit for lightning strike test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second pulse signal generating module includes a switch QS3, a resistor R4, a capacitor CH4, a resistor R6, a switch QS2, a resistor R3, a capacitor CH3, a switch KJ1, a resistor R5, a switch KT3, a switch KT4, a resistor R7, an inductor L6 and a resistor Rt2; Among them, after the switch QS3, the resistor R4, the capacitor CH4 and the resistor R6 are connected in series, one end is connected to the positive electrode of the power module, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of the power module; the power module, the switch QS3, the resistor R4, the capacitor CH4 and the resistor R6 constitute a second charging circuit; The switch QS2, the resistor R3, the capacitor CH3, the switch KJ1 and the resistor R5 are connected in series, one end of which is connected to the middle node of the switch QS3 and the resistor R4, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of the power module; the power module, the switch QS3, the switch QS2, the resistor R3, the capacitor CH3, the switch KJ1 and the resistor R5 constitute a third charging circuit; After the switch KT4, the resistor R7, the inductor L6 and the resistor Rt2 are connected in series, one end is connected to the middle node between the resistor R3 and the capacitor CH3, and the other end is connected to the middle node between the capacitor CH4 and the resistor R6; one end of the switch KT3 is connected to the middle node between the capacitor CH3 and the switch KJ1, and the other end is connected to the middle node between the resistor R4 and the capacitor CH4; the capacitor CH4, the switch KT3, the capacitor CH3, the switch KT4, the resistor R7, the inductor L6 and the resistor Rt2 constitute a second discharge loop; The anode of the diode D4 is connected to the middle node of the resistor Rt2 and the capacitor CH4, and the cathode is connected to the middle node of the resistor R7 and the inductor L6; the diode D4, the inductor L6 and the resistor Rt2 form a second freewheeling loop.

4. The multi-type pulse generating circuit for lightning strike test according to claim 3, characterized in that: The process of the second pulse signal generating module forming the second single pulse signal includes: [T b0 -T b1 ] stage: the switch QS2, the switch QS3 and the switch KJ1 are closed; the power module charges the capacitor CH4 through the second charging circuit, and the power module charges the capacitor CH3 through the third charging circuit; [T b1 -T b2 ] stage: the switch QS2 and the switch QS3 are disconnected, and the switch KT3 and the switch KT4 are closed; the capacitor CH3 and the capacitor CH4 are discharged through the second discharge loop, and a second single pulse signal is formed on the inductor L6; [T b2 -T b3 ] stage: the switch KT3 and the switch KT4 are disconnected, the inductor L6 is discharged through the second freewheeling loop, and the electrical energy is consumed by the resistor Rt2.

5. The multi-type pulse generating circuit for lightning strike test according to claim 4, characterized in that: The process of the second pulse signal generating module generating multiple return pulse signals includes: [T b3 -T b4 ] stage: the switch QS1 and the switch KJ3 are closed; the power module charges the capacitor CH1 through the first charging circuit and charges the capacitor CH2 through the fourth charging circuit; [T b4 -T b5 ] stage: the switch KT2, the switch QS4 and the switch KJ2 are closed; the power module charges the capacitor CH3 and the capacitor CH4 through the fifth charging circuit; [T b5 -T b6 ] stage: the switch KT2 is opened, the switch KT3 and the switch KT4 are closed; the capacitor CH3 and the capacitor CH4 are discharged through the second discharge circuit; [T b6 -T b7 ] stage: the switch KT3 and the switch KT4 are disconnected, the inductor L6 is discharged through the second freewheeling loop, and the electrical energy is consumed by the resistor Rt2; [T b7 -T b8 ] stage: Repeat [T b4 -T b5 ] stage to [T b6 -T b7 ] stage, forming multiple return pulse signals on the inductor L6.

6. The multi-type pulse generating circuit for lightning strike test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third pulse signal generating module includes a switch QS5, a resistor R8, a capacitor CH5, a resistor R9, a switch KT5, a resistor R10, an inductor L9, a resistor Rt3 and a diode D5; Among them, after the switch QS5, the resistor R8, the capacitor CH5 and the resistor R9 are connected in series, one end is connected to the middle node of the diode D2 and the switch QS4, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of the power module; the power module, the switch QS1, the switch KJ3, the switch KT2, the diode D2, the switch QS5, the resistor R8, the capacitor CH5 and the resistor R9 constitute a sixth charging circuit; The switch KT5, the resistor R10, the inductor L9 and the resistor Rt3 are connected in series, one end of which is connected to the middle node between the resistor R8 and the capacitor CH5, and the other end is connected to the middle node between the capacitor CH5 and the resistor R9; the capacitor CH5, the switch KT5, the resistor R10, the inductor L9 and the resistor Rt3 form a third discharge loop; The anode of the diode D5 is connected to the middle node between the resistor Rt3 and the resistor R9, and the cathode is connected to the middle node between the resistor R10 and the inductor L9; the diode D5, the inductor L9 and the resistor Rt3 form a third freewheeling loop.

7. The multi-type pulse generating circuit for lightning strike test according to claim 6, characterized in that: The process of the third pulse signal generating module forming the third pulse group signal includes: [T c1 -T c2 ] stage: the switch QS1, the switch KJ3 and the switch QS5 are closed; the power module charges the capacitor CH1 through the first charging circuit and charges the capacitor CH2 through the fourth charging circuit respectively; [T c2 -T c3 ] stage: the switch KT2 is closed; the power module charges the capacitor CH5 through the sixth charging circuit; [T c3 -T c4 ] stage: the switch KT2 is opened, and the switch KT5 is closed; the capacitor CH5 is discharged through the third discharge loop; [T c4 -T c5 ] stage: the switch KT5 is turned off, the inductor L9 is discharged through the third freewheeling loop, and the resistor Rt3 consumes the electric energy; [T c5 -T c6 ] stage: Repeat [T c2 -T c3 ] stage to [T c4 -T c5 ] stage, forming a set of third pulse group signals on the inductor L9; [T c6 -T c7 ] stage: after forming a set of third pulse group signals, repeat [T c2 -T c3 ] stage to [T c5 -T c6 ] stage, forming multiple groups of third pulse group signals on the inductor L9.

8. A pulse generator, characterized in that: The invention comprises a multi-type pulse generating circuit for lightning strike test as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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