A safety early warning protection system for offshore wind power equipment and a method of using the system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of offshore wind power technology, and specifically to an offshore wind power equipment safety warning and protection system and a method of use. The system includes a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a windmill brake device, a motor self-power-off device, and a rotor hub protection cover device. The data acquisition module is responsible for collecting the operating data and surrounding environment data of the offshore wind power equipment; the data processing module analyzes the collected data and judges the potential risks based on the weight fusion algorithm of the neural network, and outputs a graded warning signal; according to the warning signal, the corresponding safety protection device is activated, such as a windmill brake device, a motor self-power-off device, and a rotor hub protection cover device. The offshore wind power equipment safety warning and protection system of the present invention has the advantages of high real-time and accuracy, strong safety and stability, can effectively cope with the complex and changeable offshore environment, protect the key components of offshore wind power equipment, and improve the reliability and economic benefits of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power, and in particular to an offshore wind power equipment safety early warning protection system and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the global demand for renewable energy continues to grow, offshore wind power, as a clean and sustainable form of energy, has gradually attracted widespread attention. However, the operating environment of offshore wind power equipment is complex and changeable. It is affected by many factors such as wind speed, temperature, and waves, which can easily cause equipment failure or damage, and even endanger the surrounding environment and personnel safety. Therefore, it is very important to carry out safety warning and protection for offshore wind power equipment.

[0003] At present, there are some safety warning and protection systems for offshore wind power equipment, but these systems often have limitations and mostly use a single warning level for warning. This method often makes it difficult to achieve timely and accurate warnings for different risk levels. In addition, the existing system has low processing efficiency when dealing with complex and changeable environmental data, and may not be able to issue warning signals in time, which in turn affects the safety of the equipment. In addition, the existing protective devices often cannot achieve all-round protection of wind power equipment, such as being unable to effectively protect the key components of wind power equipment; among them, the rotor hub, as the core component of wind power equipment, bears the huge load generated by wind and blades. In harsh offshore environments, the rotor hub may be affected by changes in wind speed, wind direction and other environmental factors, resulting in fatigue damage, fracture and other problems. However, the existing offshore wind power equipment safety warning and protection system still has technical difficulties in protecting the rotor hub. How to monitor and protect the rotor hub in real time under extreme weather conditions has become an urgent problem to be solved. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a more efficient and reliable offshore wind power equipment safety warning and protection system. Summary of the invention

[0004] (I) The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to improve the real-time performance and accuracy of the safety warning and protection system of offshore wind power equipment in the face of a complex and changeable offshore environment, so as to more effectively protect the key components of the offshore wind power equipment.

[0005] (II) Technical solution

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides an offshore wind power equipment safety early warning and protection system, including: a data acquisition module, a data processing module, an early warning release module, a protection execution module, the wind turbine brake device, a motor self-power-off device and a rotor hub protection cover device, wherein the data acquisition module is used to collect the operating data and surrounding environment data of the offshore wind power equipment in real time;

[0007] The data processing module is used to analyze the operating data and surrounding environment data of the offshore wind power equipment collected by the data acquisition module, and to grade the risks that the offshore wind power equipment may face based on a preset risk threshold. The risk levels are divided into three levels, and increase step by step, namely, level one warning, level two warning, and level three warning.

[0008] The warning issuing module is provided with a multi-level warning, and is used to issue a warning signal of a corresponding level according to the risk level determined by the data processing module;

[0009] The protection execution module, according to the different levels of warning signals issued by the warning issuing module, starts the corresponding safety protection device and sends a specific execution instruction, the safety protection device includes but is not limited to a windmill brake device, a motor self-power-off device and a rotor hub protection cover device;

[0010] The windmill brake device is connected to the protection execution module, and is used to start when receiving a first-level warning signal, control the blades to slow down to a preset speed range, and start when receiving a third-level warning signal, control the blades to slow down and stop at a preset position, and send the blade stop information to the rotor hub protection cover device;

[0011] The motor self-power-off device is connected to the protection execution module and is used to start when receiving a level 2 warning signal to cut off the power transmission line between the generator set and the power grid;

[0012] The rotor hub protection cover device is connected to the protection execution module, and is used to start after receiving the third-level warning signal and the windmill brake device stops the blades, to cover and lock the rotor hub.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the data acquisition module includes a wind speed sensor, a temperature sensor, a rotation speed sensor, a vibration sensor, a radar system and a data interface with the meteorological department, which is used to collect and monitor the operating status of wind power equipment and surrounding environment data in real time, thereby improving the accuracy of early warning classification.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a data preprocessing module, which is used to preprocess the operating data and surrounding environment data from the data acquisition module. The processing process at least includes denoising, data loss processing, outlier detection and elimination, data normalization, and the processed data is sent to the data processing module, thereby improving data quality and providing more accurate input data for subsequent data processing.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the data processing module uses a weight fusion algorithm based on a neural network to assess the risk level, which can more accurately assess the risk level and achieve efficient graded warning.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the rotor hub protection cover device includes a position controller, a cover moving mechanism and a cover body, the position controller is used to receive instructions from the protection execution module and control the cover moving mechanism to drive the cover body to move a preset trajectory, the cover body includes a plurality of petal structures with notches on both side edges, the number of petals is the same as the number of blades of the offshore wind power equipment, each petal structure is connected to the outer wall of the nacelle of the offshore wind power equipment through the cover moving mechanism, when the blades slow down and stop at a preset position, each petal structure can be moved from the nacelle side to the corresponding adjacent blade gap through the cover moving mechanism, when the notch on the edge of each petal structure is aligned with the root of the blade, the adjacent petal structures are interlocked, locking the root of the blade while forming the cover body, providing protection for the rotor hub during the third level warning, and further limiting the rotation of the blade, when there is no risk warning or the risk warning is low, the protection cover does not rotate with the rotor hub, so that the rotor hub achieves the purpose of lightweight, can reduce the inertia of the wind power generation equipment, so that it responds faster when the wind speed changes, thereby improving the wind energy capture and conversion efficiency.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the cover is streamlined to reduce the friction resistance between the cover and the air and improve the stability of the system.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the notch is provided with a seal that can tightly abut against the root of the blade, thereby improving protection, preventing external environmental factors such as seawater from affecting the inside of the cover, and improving the locking effect of the blade.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the wind turbine brake device is arranged in the nacelle of the offshore wind power equipment, including an electromagnetic brake, a brake controller, a blade position sensor and a communication module that are interconnected. The electromagnetic brake acts on the main shaft of the wind turbine set. The brake controller is used to receive specific instructions from the protection execution module and control the effect of the electromagnetic brake. The blade position sensor is installed on the main shaft of the wind turbine set for real-time monitoring of the rotation angle of the blade; the communication module is respectively connected to the blade position sensor and the rotor hub protection cover device, and is responsible for sending information to the rotor hub protection cover device when the blade stops at a preset position, so as to realize timely braking of the wind power equipment when the risk level is high and reduce the risk of equipment damage.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the motor self-power-off device includes a circuit breaker, a current sensor and a circuit controller. The circuit breaker is installed on the transmission line between the generator set and the power grid to cut off the transmission line; the current sensor is installed on the transmission line to monitor the current of the transmission line in real time. The circuit controller is located in a control box in the cabin, and includes a communication interface connected to the protection execution module. When the corresponding risk level is reached, the transmission line is cut off in time to reduce the impact on the power grid and improve the system safety.

[0021] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for using an offshore wind power equipment safety early warning and protection system, comprising the following steps:

[0022] a) using a data acquisition module to collect real-time operating data of offshore wind power equipment and surrounding environmental data, wherein the surrounding environmental data includes wind speed, temperature, etc.;

[0023] b) performing data preprocessing on the operation data and surrounding environment data collected in step a), including denoising, data loss processing, outlier detection and elimination, and data normalization;

[0024] c) using a weight fusion algorithm based on a neural network to analyze the data preprocessed in step b), and to assess the risk that the offshore wind power equipment may face according to a preset risk threshold, wherein the risk level is divided into three levels, and the risk level increases step by step, namely, level one warning, level two warning, and level three warning;

[0025] d) Based on the risk level determined in step c), issue a warning signal of the corresponding level;

[0026] e) Activate the corresponding safety protection devices and send specific execution instructions according to the issued warning signal, the safety protection devices include windmill brake devices, motor self-power-off devices and rotor hub protection cover devices;

[0027] f) When a first-level warning signal is received, the windmill brake device is activated to control the blades to slow down to a preset speed range;

[0028] g) Upon receiving the second-level warning signal, the motor self-power-off device is activated to cut off the power transmission line between the generator set and the power grid;

[0029] h) Upon receiving the third-level warning signal, the windmill brake device is activated to control the blades to slow down and stop at a preset position, and the blade stop information is sent to the rotor hub protection cover device;

[0030] i) After receiving the third-level warning signal and the wind turbine brake device stops the blades, start the rotor hub protection cover device to cover and lock the rotor hub;

[0031] j) After the cover body moves to the preset position, the position controller controls the cover body moving mechanism to drive the cover body to move along the preset trajectory, so that the notch on the edge of the petal-like structure is aligned with the root of the blade, and the adjacent petal-like structures are interlocked to lock the root of the blade and form the cover body at the same time.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by collecting the operating data of offshore wind power equipment and the surrounding environment data in real time, combined with the analysis and judgment of the data processing module, a hierarchical early warning of potential risks of wind power equipment is realized. This hierarchical early warning method not only improves the real-time and accuracy of the early warning system, but also reduces the risk of false alarms and missed alarms.

[0033] The present invention activates corresponding safety protection devices according to the warning level, and specifically protects key components of offshore wind power equipment, such as the rotor hub. Under different risk levels, corresponding protection measures are taken to improve the safety and stability of the equipment.

[0034] Through the coordinated operation of the wind turbine brake device, the motor self-power-off device and the rotor hub protection cover device of the wind turbine equipment, the present invention ensures the safe and stable operation of the offshore wind turbine equipment under extreme weather conditions, reduces equipment damage and downtime, and improves the reliability and economic benefits of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an offshore wind power equipment safety early warning and protection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an offshore wind power equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an offshore wind power equipment when the offshore wind power equipment safety early warning and protection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is in a third-level early warning state;

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a cover petal structure and a cover moving mechanism provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Icons: 11, position controller; 12, cover moving mechanism; 13, cover; 131, notch; 22, blade; 33, rotor hub; 44, nacelle; 55, wind turbine tower. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a safety early warning and protection system for offshore wind power equipment, wherein the offshore wind power equipment includes a wind power tower 55, a nacelle 44, a rotor hub 33 and blades 22 which are sequentially connected, wherein the nacelle 44 is arranged on the top of the wind power tower 55 in a long strip shape, and one end is connected to the blades 22 through the rotor hub 33, and the safety early warning and protection system for offshore wind power equipment includes: a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a warning release module, a protection execution module, the windmill brake device, a motor self-power-off device and a rotor hub 33 protection cover device, wherein the data acquisition module is used to collect the operating data and surrounding environment data of the offshore wind power equipment in real time;

[0043] The data processing module is used to analyze the operating data and surrounding environment data of the offshore wind power equipment collected by the data acquisition module, and to grade the risks that the offshore wind power equipment may face based on a preset risk threshold. The risk levels are divided into three levels, and increase step by step, namely, level one warning, level two warning, and level three warning.

[0044] The warning issuing module is provided with a multi-level warning, which is used to issue a warning signal of a corresponding level according to the risk level determined by the data processing module;

[0045] The protection execution module, according to the different levels of warning signals issued by the warning issuing module, starts the corresponding safety protection device and sends a specific execution instruction, the safety protection device includes but is not limited to the windmill brake device, the motor self-power-off device and the rotor hub 33 protection cover device;

[0046] The windmill brake device is connected to the protection execution module, and is used to start when receiving a first-level warning signal, control the blade 22 to decelerate to a preset speed range, and start when receiving a third-level warning signal, control the blade 22 to decelerate and stop at a preset position, and send the blade 22 stop information to the rotor hub 33 protection cover device;

[0047] The motor self-power-off device is connected to the protection execution module and is used to start when receiving a level 2 warning signal to cut off the power transmission line between the generator set and the power grid;

[0048] The rotor hub 33 protection cover device is connected to the protection execution module, and is used to start after receiving the third-level warning signal and the windmill brake device stops the blades 22, to cover and lock the rotor hub 33.

[0049] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the data acquisition module includes a wind speed sensor, a temperature sensor, a rotation speed sensor, a vibration sensor, a radar system and a data interface with the meteorological department, wherein the wind speed sensor is installed at the top of the wind tower 55, used to measure the wind speed in real time, and provide wind speed data to help the system determine the risks that offshore wind power equipment may face. Temperature sensor: distributed at key parts of the wind tower 55, the nacelle 44 and the generator set, used to monitor temperature changes so as to issue an early warning when key components are overheated. Rotation speed sensor: installed at the rotor hub 33 of the wind tower 55, used to measure the rotation speed of the wind turbine generator set in real time to ensure that it is within the normal operating range and prevent overload or low load operation. Vibration sensor: installed at key parts of the wind tower 55, the nacelle 44 and the generator set, used to monitor the vibration in real time so as to issue an early warning when the equipment vibrates abnormally. Radar system: installed at the top of the wind tower 55, used to monitor the targets in the surrounding space in real time, including ships, aircraft, etc., to ensure the safe operation of offshore wind power equipment. Data interface with the meteorological department: connected to the data center of the meteorological department through the network, to obtain meteorological information in real time, so as to issue an early warning in severe weather conditions. The data acquisition module collects data from these components to monitor the operating status of wind power equipment and surrounding environmental data in real time, thereby improving the accuracy of early warning classification.

[0050] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a data preprocessing module, which is used to preprocess the operating data and surrounding environment data from the data acquisition module. The processing process at least includes denoising, data loss processing, outlier detection and elimination, data normalization, and the processed data is sent to the data processing module, thereby improving data quality and providing more accurate input data for subsequent data processing.

[0051] The working principle of the data preprocessing module includes the following main steps:

[0052] De-noising: The data pre-processing module removes noise from the data through various signal processing techniques, such as filtering and smoothing, to ensure the clarity and accuracy of the data.

[0053] Data loss processing: During the data collection process, some data may be lost. The data preprocessing module uses interpolation methods, regression analysis and other technologies to supplement and recover the lost data.

[0054] Outlier detection and elimination: The data preprocessing module performs outlier detection on the collected data and identifies potential abnormal data points. For the detected outliers, methods such as elimination and correction can be used to ensure the reliability and stability of the data.

[0055] Data normalization: Since the various types of data collected may have different dimensions and numerical ranges, the data preprocessing module converts the data into data with the same dimension or similar numerical range through normalization, so as to facilitate analysis and processing by the subsequent data processing module.

[0056] After the above preprocessing steps, the data preprocessing module sends the processed data to the data processing module. After receiving the preprocessed data, the data processing module can more accurately analyze the operating status and surrounding environment data of the wind power equipment, and grade the risks that the offshore wind power equipment may face according to the preset risk threshold. This helps to improve the accuracy of the warning classification of the offshore wind power equipment safety warning and protection system, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the wind power equipment.

[0057] Furthermore, the data processing module uses a weight fusion algorithm based on a neural network to assess the risk level. In an embodiment of the present invention, the principle of the weight fusion algorithm based on a neural network is as follows:

[0058] Neural network structure: The algorithm uses a neural network with an input layer, multiple hidden layers, and an output layer. The number of nodes in the input layer matches the number of preprocessed data features, and the number of nodes in the output layer matches the number of risk levels (such as three-level warning).

[0059] Multi-model integration: During the training phase, multiple neural networks with different parameters (such as learning rate, activation function, batch size, etc.) and initialization weights are used to capture different features in the data, thereby improving the accuracy of risk level assessment.

[0060] Performance evaluation: The performance of each neural network is evaluated using the validation set. The error between the predicted risk level and the actual risk level (such as mean square error, cross entropy loss, etc.) is calculated, and a performance score is assigned to each neural network.

[0061] Weight coefficient calculation: According to the performance score of each neural network, the corresponding weight coefficient is calculated. The weight coefficient can be calculated by a variety of methods, such as assigning weights according to the inverse of the performance score, or using the softmax function to normalize the performance score.

[0062] Weight fusion: Multiply the weight of each neural network by its corresponding weight coefficient, and then add the weighted weights of all neural networks to obtain the fused weight.

[0063] Weighted neural network: The fused weights are applied to the original neural network structure to construct a new neural network. The new neural network can comprehensively utilize the knowledge of multiple neural networks to improve the accuracy of risk level assessment.

[0064] Based on the above principles, the embodiment of the present invention provides a weight fusion algorithm based on a neural network. This algorithm can effectively improve the accuracy of risk level assessment of the offshore wind power equipment safety early warning and protection system, and provides a feasible solution for those skilled in the art.

[0065] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the rotor hub 33 protection cover device includes a position controller 11, a cover moving mechanism 12 and a cover 13. The position controller 11 is used to receive instructions from the protection execution module and control the cover moving mechanism 12 to drive the cover 13 to move a preset trajectory. The cover 13 includes a plurality of petal structures with notches 131 on both side edges. The shape of the notch 131 is engaged with the edge of the root cross section of the blade 22. The present embodiment is semicircular. The number of petals of the cover 13 is the same as the number of blades 22 of the offshore wind power equipment. In this example, the number of blades 22 is 3. Each petal structure is connected to the outer wall of the cabin 44 of the offshore wind power equipment through the cover moving mechanism 12. It can be set on the outer wall of the cabin 44, or the cover 13 can be flipped and buckled to the tail end of the cabin 44. When the safety warning level is relatively high, the cover 13 can be turned over and buckled to the tail end of the cabin 44. When the risk is low (level one and level two safety warning), it plays a protective role for the nacelle 44. When the blades 22 slow down and stop at a preset position, each petal structure can be moved from the side of the nacelle 44 to the corresponding gap between adjacent blades 22 through the cover moving mechanism 12. When the notch 131 on the edge of each petal structure is aligned with the root of the blade 22, the adjacent petal structures are interlocked, locking the root of the blade 22 while forming the cover 13, providing protection for the rotor hub 33 during the level three warning, and further limiting the rotation of the blade 22. When there is no risk warning or the risk warning is low, the protective cover does not rotate with the rotor hub 33, so that the rotor hub 33 achieves the purpose of lightweight, can reduce the inertia of the wind power generation equipment, and make it respond faster when the wind speed changes, thereby improving the wind energy capture and conversion efficiency.

[0066] Furthermore, the cover moving mechanism 12 can be in various forms to complete the movement of the petal-shaped cover 13. The following are two forms: a slide rail type cover moving mechanism 12:

[0067] The first type: the cover moving mechanism 12 adopts a slide rail design. The slide rail cover moving mechanism 12 includes a fixed slide rail installed on the outer wall of the cabin 44, a cover 13 connecting bracket and a driving device. The fixed slide rail is arranged along the length direction of the outer wall of the cabin 44, and the cover 13 connecting bracket is connected to each petal structure of the cover 13 so that it can move smoothly along the slide rail. The driving device receives the instruction of the protection execution module through the position controller 11, controls the cover 13 connecting bracket to move along the slide rail, thereby driving the cover 13 to move to the desired position on the outer wall of the cabin 44.

[0068] The second type: the cover moving mechanism 12 adopts a mechanical arm design. The mechanical arm cover moving mechanism 12 includes a mechanical arm installed on the outer wall of the cabin 44, a cover 13 connecting bracket and a driving device. The mechanical arm can be extended and rotated, and the cover 13 connecting bracket is connected to each petal structure of the cover 13. The driving device receives the instructions of the protection execution module through the position controller 11, controls the mechanical arm to extend and rotate, and thus drives the cover 13 to move to the desired position on the outer wall of the cabin 44. The cover moving mechanism 12 of this embodiment adopts this design.

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown, the surface of the cover body 13 is streamlined, which reduces the friction resistance between the cover body 13 and the air and improves the stability of the system.

[0070] Furthermore, the notch 131 is provided with a seal that can tightly abut against the root of the blade 22 to improve protection, prevent external environmental factors such as seawater from affecting the inside of the cover body 13, and at the same time improve the locking effect of the blade 22.

[0071] Furthermore, the wind turbine brake device is arranged in the cabin 44 of the offshore wind power equipment, including an electromagnetic brake, a brake controller, a blade 22 position sensor and a communication module that are interconnected. The electromagnetic brake acts on the main shaft of the wind turbine set. The brake controller is used to receive specific instructions from the protection execution module and control the effect of the electromagnetic brake. The blade 22 position sensor is installed on the main shaft of the wind turbine set to monitor the rotation angle of the blade 22 in real time; the communication module is respectively connected to the blade 22 position sensor and the rotor hub 33 protection cover device, and is responsible for sending information to the rotor hub 33 protection cover device when the blade 22 stops at a preset position, so as to realize timely braking of the wind power equipment when the risk level is high and reduce the risk of equipment damage.

[0072] Furthermore, the motor self-power-off device includes a circuit breaker, a current sensor and a circuit controller. The circuit breaker is installed on the transmission line between the generator set and the power grid to cut off the transmission line; the current sensor is installed on the transmission line to monitor the current of the transmission line in real time. The circuit controller is located in a control box in the cabin 44, and includes a communication interface connected to the protection execution module. When the corresponding risk level is reached, the transmission line is cut off in time to reduce the impact on the power grid and improve the system safety.

[0073] The method for using the above offshore wind power equipment safety early warning and protection system comprises the following steps:

[0074] a) using a data acquisition module to collect real-time operating data of offshore wind power equipment and surrounding environmental data, wherein the surrounding environmental data includes wind speed, temperature, etc.;

[0075] b) performing data preprocessing on the operation data and surrounding environment data collected in step a), including denoising, data loss processing, outlier detection and elimination, and data normalization;

[0076] c) using a weight fusion algorithm based on a neural network to analyze the data preprocessed in step b), and to assess the risk that the offshore wind power equipment may face according to a preset risk threshold, wherein the risk level is divided into three levels, and the risk level increases step by step, namely, level one warning, level two warning, and level three warning;

[0077] d) Based on the risk level determined in step c), issue a warning signal of the corresponding level;

[0078] e) according to the issued warning signal, start the corresponding safety protection device and send specific execution instructions, the safety protection device includes the windmill brake device, the motor self-power-off device and the rotor hub 33 protection cover device;

[0079] f) upon receiving a first-level warning signal, the windmill brake device is activated to control the blades 22 to decelerate to a preset speed range;

[0080] g) Upon receiving the second-level warning signal, the motor self-power-off device is activated to cut off the power transmission line between the generator set and the power grid;

[0081] h) upon receiving the third-level warning signal, the windmill brake device is activated to control the blade 22 to decelerate and stop at a preset position, and the blade 22 stop information is sent to the rotor hub 33 protection cover device;

[0082] i) after receiving the third-level warning signal and the windmill brake device stops the blades 22, the rotor hub 33 protection cover device is activated to cover and lock the rotor hub 33;

[0083] j) After the cover body 13 moves to the preset position, the position controller 11 controls the cover body moving mechanism 12 to drive the cover body 13 to move along the preset trajectory, so that the notch 131 on the edge of the petal-like structure is aligned with the root of the blade 22, and the adjacent petal-like structures are interlocked, locking the root of the blade 22 while forming the cover body 13.

[0084] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0085] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the inside of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0086] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An offshore wind power equipment safety early warning and protection system, characterized in that: include: Data acquisition module, used to collect real-time operating data of offshore wind power equipment and surrounding environment data; The data processing module is used to analyze the operating data and surrounding environment data of the offshore wind power equipment collected by the data acquisition module, and to grade the risks that the offshore wind power equipment may face according to the preset risk threshold. The risk levels are divided into three levels, and the risk levels increase step by step, namely, level one warning, level two warning and level three warning; An early warning issuing module, which is provided with multi-level early warnings and is used to issue early warning signals of corresponding levels according to the risk levels determined by the data processing module; A protection execution module, which activates corresponding safety protection devices and sends specific execution instructions according to different levels of warning signals issued by the warning issuing module. The safety protection devices include but are not limited to windmill brake devices, motor self-power-off devices and rotor hub protection cover devices; The windmill brake device is connected to the protection execution module, and includes an electromagnetic brake, a brake controller, a blade position sensor and a communication module that are interconnected, and is used to start when receiving a first-level warning signal, control the blade to decelerate to a preset speed range, and start when receiving a third-level warning signal, control the blade to decelerate and stop at a preset position, and send the blade stop information to the rotor hub protection cover device; The motor self-power-off device is connected to the protection execution module, and includes a circuit breaker, a current sensor and a circuit controller connected to the motor, and is used to start when receiving a secondary warning signal to cut off the power transmission line between the generator set and the power grid; The rotor hub protection cover device is connected to the protection execution module. The rotor hub protection cover device is used to start after receiving a third-level warning signal and the windmill brake device stops the blades. It includes a position controller, a cover moving mechanism and a cover. The position controller is used to receive instructions from the protection execution module and control the cover moving mechanism to drive the cover to move a preset trajectory to protect and lock the rotor hub.

2. The offshore wind power equipment safety early warning and protection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data acquisition module includes a wind speed sensor, a temperature sensor, a rotation speed sensor, a vibration sensor, a radar system and a data interface with the meteorological department.

3. The offshore wind power equipment safety early warning and protection system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: It also includes a data preprocessing module, which is used to preprocess the operating data and surrounding environment data from the data acquisition module. The processing process at least includes denoising, data loss processing, outlier detection and elimination, data normalization processing, and the processed data is sent to the data processing module.

4. The offshore wind power equipment safety early warning and protection system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The data processing module uses a weight fusion algorithm based on a neural network to assess the risk level.

5. The offshore wind power equipment safety early warning and protection system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The cover body includes a plurality of petal-like structures with notches on both side edges, the number of petals being the same as the number of blades of the offshore wind power equipment, each petal-like structure being connected to the outer wall of the cabin of the offshore wind power equipment via the cover body moving mechanism, and when the blades slow down and stop at a preset position, each petal-like structure can be moved from the cabin side to the corresponding adjacent blade gap via the cover body moving mechanism, and when the notch on the edge of each petal-like structure is aligned with the root of the blade, the adjacent petal-like structures are interlocked to lock the root of the blade while forming the cover body.

6. The offshore wind power equipment safety early warning and protection system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The surface of the cover body is streamlined.

7. The offshore wind power equipment safety early warning and protection system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The notch is provided with a sealing member capable of tightly abutting against the blade root.

8. The offshore wind power equipment safety early warning and protection system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The wind turbine brake device is arranged in the cabin of the offshore wind power equipment, the electromagnetic brake acts on the main shaft of the wind turbine set, the brake controller is used to receive specific instructions from the protection execution module and control the effect of the electromagnetic brake, and the blade position sensor is installed on the main shaft of the wind turbine set to monitor the rotation angle of the blade in real time; the communication module is respectively connected to the blade position sensor and the rotor hub protection cover device, and is responsible for sending information to the rotor hub protection cover device when the blade stops at a preset position.

9. The offshore wind power equipment safety early warning and protection system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The circuit breaker is installed on the transmission line between the generator set and the power grid, and is used to cut off the transmission line; the current sensor is installed on the transmission line, and is used to monitor the current of the transmission line in real time; the circuit controller is located in the control box in the cabin, and includes a communication interface connected to the protection execution module.

10. A method for using the offshore wind power equipment safety early warning and protection system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: a) using a data acquisition module to collect real-time operating data of offshore wind power equipment and surrounding environmental data, wherein the surrounding environmental data includes wind speed and temperature; b) performing data preprocessing on the operation data and surrounding environment data collected in step a), including denoising, data loss processing, outlier detection and elimination, and data normalization; c) using a weight fusion algorithm based on a neural network to analyze the data preprocessed in step b), and to assess the risk that the offshore wind power equipment may face according to a preset risk threshold, wherein the risk level is divided into three levels, and the risk level increases step by step, namely, level one warning, level two warning, and level three warning; d) Based on the risk level determined in step c), issue a warning signal of the corresponding level; e) Activate the corresponding safety protection devices and send specific execution instructions according to the issued warning signal, the safety protection devices include windmill brake devices, motor self-power-off devices and rotor hub protection cover devices; f) When a first-level warning signal is received, the windmill brake device is activated to control the blades to slow down to a preset speed range; g) Upon receiving the second-level warning signal, the motor self-power-off device is activated to cut off the power transmission line between the generator set and the power grid; h) Upon receiving the third-level warning signal, the windmill brake device is activated to control the blades to slow down and stop at a preset position, and the blade stop information is sent to the rotor hub protection cover device; i) After receiving the third-level warning signal and the wind turbine brake device stops the blades, start the rotor hub protection cover device to cover and lock the rotor hub; j) After the cover body moves to the preset position, the position controller controls the cover body moving mechanism to drive the cover body to move along the preset trajectory, so that the notch on the edge of the petal-like structure is aligned with the root of the blade, and the adjacent petal-like structures are interlocked to lock the root of the blade and form the cover body at the same time.

Images