Pressure control method and system, main control equipment, anesthesia machine

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a pressure control method and system, a main control device, and anesthesia machine, which relate to the field of medical device technology. The method includes: determining a relationship array between the leakage flow rate of the leak hole and the front-end pressure of the one-way valve; periodically determining the pressure control value of the front-end pressure of the one-way valve corresponding to the target pressure according to the difference between the stable pressure at the inspiratory end and the target pressure; determining the first flow rate of the driving valve according to the target value of the inspiratory end pressure and the sampling value of the inspiratory end pressure, and the driving valve outputs the airflow to the respiratory circuit according to the first flow rate; in response to the pressure at the inspiratory end tending to be stable and the front-end pressure of the one-way valve drops to the pressure control value, determining the second flow rate of the driving valve corresponding to the pressure control value according to the relationship array, and the driving valve outputs the airflow to the respiratory circuit according to the second flow rate. The technical solution in the present disclosure can avoid the phenomenon of unstable pressure control and flow rate signal jitter at the inspiratory end in respiratory support equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a pressure control method and system, a main control device, and an anesthesia machine. Background Art

[0002] Respiratory support equipment, such as anesthesia machines and ventilators, often control the inspiratory pressure through a pressure-controlled mode. That is, during the inhalation phase, the output gas from the actuating valve flows through a flow sensor and a one-way valve. Due to the presence of the bleed hole and the one-way valve, the pressure at the front end of the one-way valve is higher than the pressure at the rear end. This pressure effectively closes the expiratory valve, ensuring that the gas flowing through the one-way valve can compress the bellows and complete the inhalation process. During the exhalation phase, the gas flow rate of the actuating valve decreases. Under the combined influence of the bleed hole and the one-way valve, the pressure at the front end of the one-way valve drops below the pressure at the rear end. This pressure is insufficient to maintain the closure of the expiratory valve, causing the bellows to rebound and the gas to be discharged through the expiratory valve, completing the exhalation process.

[0003] However, in the aforementioned related technologies, due to the presence of two mechanical components, the one-way valve and the exhalation valve, and potential fluctuations in the inhalation pressure sampling signal, the control unit continuously and dynamically adjusts the target flow rate of the drive valve, causing the one-way valve to continuously open and close. This can easily lead to instability in the inhalation pressure control and jitter in the inhalation flow rate signal.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide a pressure control method, a pressure control system, a main control device and an anesthesia machine, thereby avoiding, at least to a certain extent, the phenomenon of unstable pressure control and flow rate signal jitter at the inspiratory end of the respiratory support device.

[0006] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part by practice of the present disclosure.

[0007] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a pressure control method is provided, which is applied to a respiratory support device, wherein the respiratory support device includes a respiratory circuit, a drive valve, a one-way valve, a leak hole and an inhalation end, and the pressure control method includes: determining a relationship array between the leakage flow rate of the leak hole and the front-end pressure of the one-way valve; periodically determining a pressure control value of the front-end pressure of the one-way valve corresponding to the target pressure according to the difference between the stable pressure of the inhalation end and the target pressure; determining a first flow rate of the drive valve according to the inhalation end pressure target value and the inhalation end pressure sampling value, and the drive valve outputs airflow to the respiratory circuit according to the first flow rate; in response to the pressure at the inhalation end tending to stabilize and the front-end pressure of the one-way valve dropping to the pressure control value, determining a second flow rate of the drive valve corresponding to the pressure control value according to the relationship array, and the drive valve outputs airflow to the respiratory circuit according to the second flow rate.

[0008] In some example embodiments of the present disclosure, based on the aforementioned scheme, determining the relationship array between the leakage flow rate of the leakage hole and the front-end pressure of the one-way valve includes: obtaining, by adjusting the driving valve, the front-end pressure of the one-way valve corresponding to different leakage flow rates of the leakage hole when the pressure at the suction end tends to be stable; and determining the relationship array according to the corresponding relationship between the leakage flow rate of the leakage hole and the front-end pressure of the one-way valve.

[0009] In some example embodiments of the present disclosure, based on the aforementioned scheme, according to the difference between the stable pressure at the intake end and the target pressure, the pressure control value of the front end pressure of the one-way valve corresponding to the target pressure is periodically determined, including: periodically adjusting the pressure control value according to the difference between the stable pressure at the intake end and the target pressure; when the difference is within a preset range, making the current pressure control value correspond to the target pressure.

[0010] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, based on the aforementioned solution, determining the first flow rate of the driving valve according to the target inhalation end pressure value and the sampled inhalation end pressure value includes:

[0011] The PID control algorithm is used to take the suction end pressure target value as the control variable and the suction end pressure sampling value as the feedback variable, and the first flow rate of the driving valve is obtained by reducing the difference between the control variable and the feedback variable.

[0012] In some example embodiments of the present disclosure, based on the aforementioned solution, in response to the pressure at the suction end tending to be stable and the front end pressure of the one-way valve dropping to the pressure control value, determining the second flow rate of the driving valve corresponding to the pressure control value according to the relationship array includes:

[0013] In response to the pressure at the suction end being stabilized and the front end pressure of the one-way valve dropping to the pressure control value, determining the leakage flow rate corresponding to the pressure control value according to the relationship array;

[0014] A second flow rate of the driving valve corresponding to the pressure control value is determined according to the leakage flow rate.

[0015] In some example embodiments of the present disclosure, based on the aforementioned scheme, determining the leakage flow rate corresponding to the pressure control value according to the relation array includes: determining the leakage flow rate corresponding to the pressure control value according to the relation array based on a Lagrange interpolation method.

[0016] In some example embodiments of the present disclosure, based on the aforementioned solution, the pressure control method further includes: adjusting the inspiratory end pressure target value according to the user's breathing frequency and the inhalation to exhalation time ratio.

[0017] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a pressure control system is provided, which is applied to a respiratory support device, wherein the respiratory support device includes a respiratory circuit, a drive valve, a one-way valve, a leak hole and an inhalation end, and the pressure control system includes: a relationship array determination module, which is used to determine the relationship array between the leakage flow rate of the leak hole and the front-end pressure of the one-way valve; a control value determination module, which is used to periodically determine the pressure control value of the front-end pressure of the one-way valve corresponding to the target pressure based on the difference between the stable pressure of the inhalation end and the target pressure; an inhalation end pressure control module, which is used to determine a first flow rate of the drive valve based on the inhalation end pressure target value and the inhalation end pressure sampling value, and the drive valve outputs airflow to the respiratory circuit according to the first flow rate; a front-end pressure control module, which is used to determine a second flow rate of the drive valve corresponding to the pressure control value according to the relationship array in response to the pressure at the inhalation end tending to be stable and the front-end pressure of the one-way valve dropping to the pressure control value, and the drive valve outputs airflow to the respiratory circuit according to the second flow rate.

[0018] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a main control device is provided, including: a processor; and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer-readable instructions, and when the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the pressure control method described above is implemented.

[0019] According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, an anesthesia machine is provided, on which a computer program is stored. The anesthesia machine includes a breathing circuit, a drive valve, a one-way valve, a leak hole, an inhalation end, and the above-mentioned main control device.

[0020] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may have the following beneficial effects:

[0021] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a pressure control method first determines a first flow rate of a driven valve based on an inhalation pressure target value and an inhalation pressure sample value. When the inhalation pressure stabilizes and the pressure at the front end of the one-way valve drops to a pressure control value, a second flow rate of the driven valve corresponding to the pressure control value is determined based on a predetermined relationship array. By switching and controlling the inhalation pressure and the pressure at the front end of the one-way valve, the inhalation pressure can be effectively controlled to stabilize near the target value, thereby preventing pressure fluctuations from causing discomfort to the user. Furthermore, during the inhalation pressure stabilization phase, using a one-way valve front end pressure control strategy can reduce the adjustment amplitude of the driven valve flow rate, thereby reducing the jitter of the inhalation flow rate signal and improving the signal stability and reliability. Furthermore, when the inhalation pressure stabilizes, the inhalation pressure control is omitted and only the pressure at the front end of the one-way valve is controlled, preventing the one-way valve from continuously opening or closing, thereby reducing the instability of the inhalation pressure control and the jitter of the inhalation flow rate signal.

[0022] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0024] Figure 1 The figure schematically shows a schematic diagram of the suction process of a pressure control system.

[0025] Figure 2 The figure schematically shows the exhalation process of a pressure control system.

[0026] Figure 3 A flow chart of a pressure control method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0027] Figure 4 The schematic diagram shows the structure of a pressure control system of an anesthesia machine according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 5 A block diagram of a pressure control system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0029] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a computer system of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0030] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a computer-readable storage medium according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0031] In the drawings, the same or corresponding reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, with examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, identical numerals in different figures represent identical or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all embodiments consistent with this specification. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of this specification, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0033] The terms used in this specification are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this specification. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," "the," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0034] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in this specification to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are merely used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information without departing from the scope of this specification. Depending on the context, the term "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determining."

[0035] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art.

[0036] In addition, the described features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, many specific details are provided to provide a full understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions of the present disclosure can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, devices, steps, etc. can be adopted. In other cases, well-known methods, devices, implementations or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid blurring various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0037] Furthermore, the drawings are schematic illustrations only and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The block diagrams shown in the drawings are merely functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically separate entities. In other words, these functional entities may be implemented in software, in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0038] Respiratory support equipment, such as anesthesia machines and ventilators, typically operates in two modes: pressure control and volume control. Pressure control mode, for example, controls the inspiratory pressure, as in PCV ventilation. During the inspiratory phase of PCV ventilation, gas generated by the valve actuation passes through the expiratory valve, which then drives the bellows. The gas in the bellows mixes with fresh air and enters the patient's lungs through the inspiratory port. At this point, the inspiratory pressure must be controlled to reach a given target value.

[0039] The exhalation valve used in anesthesia machines can be divided into electric exhalation valves, pneumatic exhalation valves and double-linkage exhalation valves. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the inhalation process of a pressure control system in an anesthesia machine using a dual-link exhalation valve can be shown. The schematic diagram includes a flow sensor 1, a check valve 2, an exhalation valve 3, and a bleed hole 4. During the inhalation phase, the flow sensor measures the output gas flow rate of the actuating valve. The output gas of the actuating valve flows through the flow sensor and the check valve. Due to the presence of the bleed hole and the check valve, the pressure at the front end of the check valve is higher than the pressure at the rear end. The pressure at the front end of the check valve effectively closes the exhalation valve, ensuring that the gas flowing through the check valve can compress the bellows, completing the inhalation process. Figure 2 The diagram below shows the exhalation process of the pressure control system in an anesthesia machine using a double-linked exhalation valve. During the exhalation phase, the gas flow rate of the driving valve decreases. Under the combined influence of the bleed hole and the one-way valve, the pressure at the front end of the one-way valve drops below the pressure at the rear end. The pressure at the front end of the one-way valve is insufficient to maintain the closed state of the exhalation valve, causing the bellows to rebound and the gas to be discharged through the exhalation valve, completing the exhalation process.

[0040] In anesthesia machines and other related respiratory support equipment, when using the pressure control working mode, since the pressure control is to make the inspiratory end pressure reach a given inspiratory end pressure target value during the inspiratory and expiratory phases, it is necessary to establish an inspiratory end pressure controller. The inspiratory end pressure controller uses the inspiratory end pressure target value as the control input and the sampled pressure value of the inspiratory end pressure sensor as the feedback input to calculate the target flow rate of the driving valve and thus control the inspiratory end pressure. Based on the above pressure control method, the inspiratory end pressure controller will dynamically close the loop to control the inspiratory end pressure during the rising, stabilizing and falling stages of the inspiratory end pressure. When the inspiratory end pressure is in the stable stage, the pressure sampling value of the inspiratory end pressure sensor will fluctuate around the inspiratory end pressure target value. At this time, the inspiratory end pressure controller dynamically increases or decreases the target flow rate of the driving valve through calculation. When the sampling pressure value of the inhalation pressure sensor is lower than the target value of the inhalation end pressure, the controller dynamically increases the target flow rate of the driving valve through calculation. When the target flow rate is greater than a certain value, the one-way valve is opened and the bellows is compressed to increase the pressure at the inhalation end. When the sampling pressure value of the inhalation end pressure sensor is higher than the target value of the inhalation end pressure, the inhalation end pressure controller dynamically reduces the target flow rate of the driving valve through calculation. When the target flow rate is lower than a certain value, the pressure at the front end of the one-way valve cannot seal the exhalation valve, and the bellows rebounds and exhausts to reduce the pressure at the inhalation end.

[0041] However, in the aforementioned related technologies, due to the presence of two mechanical components, the one-way valve and the exhalation valve, and potential fluctuations in the inhalation pressure sampling signal, the inhalation pressure controller continuously and dynamically adjusts the target flow rate of the drive valve, causing the one-way valve to continuously open and close. This can easily lead to instability in the inhalation pressure control and jitter in the inhalation flow rate signal.

[0042] In order to solve all or part of the technical problems in the above-mentioned related technologies, in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a pressure control method is first provided. Figure 3 The following schematically illustrates a flow chart of a pressure control method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 3 As shown, the pressure control method is applied to a respiratory support device, which includes a respiratory circuit, a drive valve, a one-way valve, a bleed hole, and an inhalation end. The pressure control method may include the following steps:

[0043] Step S310, determining a relationship array between the leakage flow rate of the leak hole and the front-end pressure of the one-way valve;

[0044] Step S320, periodically determining a pressure control value of the front end pressure of the one-way valve corresponding to the target pressure according to the difference between the stable pressure at the suction end and the target pressure;

[0045] Step S330, determining a first flow rate for driving the valve according to the target inspiratory end pressure value and the sampled inspiratory end pressure value, and driving the valve to output airflow to the breathing circuit according to the first flow rate;

[0046] In step S340, in response to the pressure at the inhalation end stabilizing and the front end pressure of the one-way valve dropping to the pressure control value, a second flow rate of the driving valve corresponding to the pressure control value is determined according to the relationship array, and the driving valve outputs airflow to the breathing circuit according to the second flow rate.

[0047] Figure 4 The schematic diagram shows the structure of a pressure control system of an anesthesia machine to which the above-mentioned pressure control method can be applied. The pressure control system may include a flow sensor 1, a one-way valve 2, an exhalation valve 3, a leak hole 4, a bellows 5, a one-way valve front end pressure sensor 6, an inhalation end pressure sensor 7, an inhalation end 8 and a drive valve 9.

[0048] During actual operation, the relationship between the leakage flow rate of the leak hole and the pressure at the front end of the one-way valve can be calibrated first. In PVC ventilation mode, the leak hole is designed with a fixed size, so the leakage flow rate of the leak hole is positively correlated with the pressure at the front end of the one-way valve. In other words, as the pressure at the front end of the one-way valve increases, the leakage flow rate of the leak hole increases accordingly. When the pressure at the suction end reaches a stable state, the driving gas provided by the drive valve will completely leak through the leak hole. Under this condition, the pressure at the front end of the one-way valve will increase as the driving flow rate of the drive valve increases. Therefore, through calibration, an array of relationships between the leakage flow rate of the leak hole and the pressure at the front end of the one-way valve can be obtained.

[0049] Then, the pressure control value of the front-end pressure of the one-way valve corresponding to the target pressure at the inhalation end is periodically determined. The double-linked exhalation valve relies on the front-end pressure of the one-way valve to seal the exhalation valve. When the pressure at the inhalation end is stable, a certain front-end pressure of the one-way valve can correspond to a certain pressure at the inhalation end. Therefore, the pressure control value of the front-end pressure of the one-way valve can be periodically adjusted according to the difference between the stable pressure at the inhalation end and the target pressure at the inhalation end. When the stable pressure at the inhalation end is greater than the target pressure at the inhalation end, the pressure control value of the front-end pressure of the one-way valve is reduced. When the stable pressure at the inhalation end is less than the target pressure at the inhalation end, the pressure control value of the front-end pressure of the one-way valve is increased. The pressure control value obtained by periodic adjustment is then used to control the front-end pressure of the one-way valve.

[0050] Then, pressure switching control can be performed through the inhalation end pressure controller and the one-way valve front-end pressure controller. Specifically, the inhalation end pressure controller determines the first flow rate of the driving valve based on the inhalation end pressure target value and the inhalation end pressure sampling value, and then the driving valve outputs airflow to the breathing circuit according to the first flow rate. When the pressure at the inhalation end tends to be stable and the front-end pressure of the one-way valve drops to the pressure control value of the front-end pressure of the one-way valve corresponding to the target pressure, the inhalation end pressure controller is switched to the one-way valve front-end pressure controller, and the one-way valve front-end pressure controller determines the second flow rate of the driving valve corresponding to the pressure control value based on the relationship array obtained above, and then the driving valve outputs airflow to the breathing circuit according to the second flow rate. Through the above process, when using a double-linked exhalation valve, the inhalation end pressure controller can be switched to the one-way valve front-end pressure controller at a certain moment, and the pressure control value of the front-end pressure of the one-way valve corresponding to the target pressure of the inhalation end can be periodically calculated. When the suction end pressure is stable, the suction end pressure controller does not participate in the control, which avoids the controller continuously and dynamically increasing or decreasing the target flow rate of the drive valve, causing the one-way valve to be continuously opened or closed, thereby reducing the instability of the suction end pressure control and the jitter of the suction end flow rate signal.

[0051] The pressure control method in the above exemplary embodiment will be further described below.

[0052] In step S310 , a relationship array between the leakage flow rate of the leak hole and the front-end pressure of the one-way valve is determined.

[0053] A leak hole can refer to a fixed-size hole in a respiratory support device that allows gas to leak during inhalation or exhalation, with the leak rate increasing as the pressure at the front end of the one-way valve increases. A one-way valve can refer to a component in a respiratory support device that allows gas to pass during inhalation and prevents gas from flowing back during exhalation. The front end of the one-way valve can refer to the inlet end of the one-way valve, which is adjacent to the leak hole and whose pressure is affected by the leak rate of the leak hole.

[0054] In some embodiments, determining a relationship array between the leakage flow rate of the leakage hole and the front-end pressure of the one-way valve specifically includes the following steps: by adjusting the driving valve, obtaining the front-end pressure of the one-way valve corresponding to the leakage flow rate of different leakage holes when the pressure at the suction end tends to be stable; determining the relationship array based on the corresponding relationship between the leakage flow rate of the leakage hole and the front-end pressure of the one-way valve.

[0055] Among them, the driving valve can represent a component in the respiratory support device that controls the flow rate of the supply gas. Specifically, adjust the driving valve so that the pressure at the inhalation end reaches the first stable value, and then measure the leakage flow rate of the leak hole at this time, and use the front-end pressure sensor of the one-way valve to record the corresponding front-end pressure of the one-way valve. Repeat the above steps, adjust the driving valve, and obtain the leakage flow rate of the leak hole and the front-end pressure data of the one-way valve under multiple different stable states of the inhalation end pressure. Pair the collected leakage flow rate of the leak hole with the front-end pressure data of the one-way valve to obtain the relationship array between the leakage flow rate of the leak hole and the front-end pressure of the one-way valve.

[0056] In step S320 , a pressure control value of the front end pressure of the one-way valve corresponding to the target pressure is periodically determined according to the difference between the stable pressure at the suction end and the target pressure.

[0057] The inspiratory port, located at the interface between the respiratory support device and the user, represents the channel through which gas flows into the user. By periodically determining the pressure control value at the front end of the one-way valve corresponding to the target pressure, the inspiratory port pressure can be kept highly consistent with the preset target pressure, improving the accuracy of the ventilation process. This periodic adjustment reduces system pressure fluctuations, enhancing the stability and reliability of the entire respiratory support device.

[0058] In some embodiments, based on the difference between the stable pressure at the intake end and the target pressure, the pressure control value of the front end pressure of the one-way valve corresponding to the target pressure is periodically determined, specifically including the following steps: periodically adjusting the pressure control value based on the difference between the stable pressure at the intake end and the target pressure; when the difference is within a preset range, matching the current pressure control value with the target pressure.

[0059] Among them, the stable pressure can indicate the pressure value at which the intake end pressure remains relatively constant over a period of time. The target pressure can indicate the target pressure value set according to the actual needs of the user. Specifically, the stable pressure of the intake end can be detected in real time by the intake end pressure sensor, and the pressure control value can be adjusted according to the difference between the stable pressure of the intake end and the target pressure, that is, when the difference is a positive number, the pressure control value of the front end pressure of the one-way valve is reduced, and when the difference is a negative number, the pressure control value of the front end pressure of the one-way valve is increased, until the difference is within the preset range, and then the current pressure control value of the front end pressure of the one-way valve is matched with the target pressure of the intake end.

[0060] In step S330, a first flow rate for driving the valve is determined according to the target inspiratory end pressure value and the inspiratory end pressure sampling value, and the valve is driven to output airflow to the breathing circuit according to the first flow rate.

[0061] Specifically, the suction end pressure controller can be used to determine the first flow rate of the driving valve according to the suction end pressure target value and the suction end pressure sampling value, so that the suction end pressure meets the target condition.

[0062] In some embodiments, the first flow rate of the driving valve is determined based on the suction end pressure target value and the suction end pressure sampling value, which specifically includes the following steps: using the PID control algorithm, the suction end pressure target value is used as the control variable, and the suction end pressure sampling value is used as the feedback variable, and the first flow rate of the driving valve is obtained by reducing the difference between the control variable and the feedback variable.

[0063] The PID control algorithm can be described as an algorithm that adjusts the control object through a combination of proportional, integral, and differential control terms to achieve precise control of the system output or process variable. Specifically, a target suction pressure value can be set as the desired suction pressure and used as the control variable. The suction pressure sensor acquires real-time suction pressure samples and uses them as the feedback variable. The control error, the difference between the control variable and the feedback variable, is then calculated. The PID control algorithm calculates the outputs of the proportional, integral, and differential control terms. The output of the proportional control term is proportional to the control error, enabling rapid response to changes in the control error. The output of the integral control term is proportional to the integral of the control error from its initial value to its current value, eliminating steady-state errors. The output of the differential control term is proportional to the integral of the rate of change of the control error, enabling prediction of the changing trend of the control error. The outputs of the proportional, integral, and differential control terms are combined to obtain the total output of the PID control. Finally, based on the total output of the PID control, the first flow rate for driving the valve is determined to bring the suction pressure close to the target pressure value.

[0064] In step S340, in response to the pressure at the inhalation end tending to stabilize and the front end pressure of the one-way valve dropping to the pressure control value, the second flow rate of the driving valve corresponding to the pressure control value is determined according to the relationship array, and the driving valve outputs airflow to the breathing circuit according to the second flow rate.

[0065] Specifically, when the pressure at the inhalation end tends to be stable and the front-end pressure of the one-way valve drops to the pressure control value, the inhalation end pressure controller can be switched to the front-end pressure controller of the one-way valve. The front-end pressure controller of the one-way valve determines the second flow rate of the driving valve corresponding to the pressure control value based on the pre-acquired relationship array, and the driving valve outputs airflow to the breathing circuit according to the second flow rate. When the inhalation end pressure is stable, the inhalation end pressure controller does not participate in the control, thereby avoiding the controller continuously and dynamically increasing or decreasing the target flow rate of the driving valve, causing the one-way valve to continuously open or close, thereby avoiding phenomena such as unstable inhalation end pressure control and jitter of the inhalation end flow rate signal.

[0066] In some embodiments, in response to the pressure at the intake end tending to be stable and the front end pressure of the one-way valve drops to the pressure control value, the second flow rate of the driving valve corresponding to the pressure control value is determined according to the relationship array, which specifically includes the following steps: in response to the pressure at the intake end tending to be stable and the front end pressure of the one-way valve drops to the pressure control value, the leakage flow rate corresponding to the pressure control value is determined according to the relationship array; and the second flow rate of the driving valve corresponding to the pressure control value is determined according to the leakage flow rate.

[0067] Specifically, the pressure at the intake end is monitored in real time to confirm that it has reached a stable state. Simultaneously, a pressure sensor at the front end of the one-way valve is used to monitor the pressure at the front end of the one-way valve to ensure that it has dropped to a preset pressure control value. When the pressure at the intake end stabilizes and the pressure at the front end of the one-way valve drops to the pressure control value, a pre-established relationship array between the leakage flow rate of the bleed hole and the pressure at the front end of the one-way valve is queried to determine the leakage flow rate of the bleed hole corresponding to the current pressure control value. The second flow rate corresponding to the actuation valve is then determined based on this leakage flow rate.

[0068] In some embodiments, determining the leakage flow rate corresponding to the pressure control value according to the relation array includes: determining the leakage flow rate corresponding to the pressure control value according to the relation array based on a Lagrange interpolation method.

[0069] Specifically, the target pressure control value is used as the interpolation point, one or more base points are selected in the relation array, and the Lagrangian polynomial is constructed using these base points so that it passes through all the selected base points. The Lagrangian polynomial can be expressed as follows (1):

[0070]

[0071] Among them, λ i (x) represents the Lagrange interpolation basis function, y i represents the leakage velocity at the base point, and x represents the target pressure control value. The interpolation polynomial's value at the target pressure control value is the leakage velocity. Substituting the target pressure control value into the Lagrange polynomial, the corresponding leakage velocity is calculated. The flow rate of the actuating valve is then adjusted based on the calculated leakage velocity to ensure that the suction pressure remains stable at the target pressure control value.

[0072] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned pressure control method may further include the following step: adjusting the target value of the inhalation end pressure according to the user's breathing frequency and the ratio of inhalation to exhalation time.

[0073] Specifically, the user's respiratory rate and inhalation-expiration time ratio can be collected through the built-in sensors in the respiratory support device, and then the collected respiratory rate and inhalation-expiration time ratio data can be analyzed to determine the user's respiratory needs and physiological state, and then the pressure target value can be adjusted. For example, if the user's respiratory rate increases or the inhalation-expiration time ratio decreases, it indicates that the user may have difficulty breathing or increased demand. At this time, the inhalation end pressure target value can be appropriately increased to provide sufficient tidal volume. If the user's respiratory rate decreases or the inhalation-expiration time ratio increases, it indicates that the user's respiratory need may decrease. At this time, the inhalation end pressure target value can be appropriately reduced to avoid overventilation.

[0074] In the pressure control method of the disclosed embodiment, a first flow rate of the driving valve is first determined based on the target inlet pressure value and the sampled inlet pressure value. When the inlet pressure tends to be stable and the front pressure of the one-way valve drops to the pressure control value, a second flow rate of the driving valve corresponding to the pressure control value is determined based on a predetermined relationship array. On the one hand, by switching and controlling the inlet pressure and the front pressure of the one-way valve, the inlet pressure can be effectively controlled to be stable near the target value, thereby avoiding pressure fluctuations that cause discomfort to the user. On the other hand, during the stable inlet pressure stage, the one-way valve front pressure control strategy can reduce the adjustment range of the driving valve flow rate, thereby reducing the jitter of the inlet flow rate signal and improving the stability and reliability of the signal. On the other hand, when the inlet pressure tends to be stable, the inlet pressure control is omitted and only the front pressure of the one-way valve is controlled, avoiding the continuous opening and closing of the one-way valve, thereby reducing the instability of the inlet pressure control and the jitter of the inlet flow rate signal.

[0075] It should be noted that although the steps of the method disclosed herein are depicted in a particular order in the accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that the steps must be performed in that particular order, or that all steps must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one, and / or one step may be decomposed into multiple steps.

[0076] Next, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, a pressure control system is also provided, which can be applied to a respiratory support device, the respiratory support device including a respiratory circuit, a drive valve, a one-way valve, a bleed hole and an inhalation end. Figure 5As shown in , the pressure control system 500 can be composed of a relationship array determination module 501, a control value determination module 502, an inhalation end pressure control module 503 and a front-end pressure control module 504, wherein: the relationship array determination module can be used to determine the relationship array between the leakage flow rate of the leak hole and the front-end pressure of the one-way valve; the control value determination module can be used to periodically determine the pressure control value of the front-end pressure of the one-way valve corresponding to the target pressure according to the difference between the stable pressure at the inhalation end and the target pressure; the inhalation end pressure control module can be used to determine the first flow rate of the driving valve according to the inhalation end pressure target value and the inhalation end pressure sampling value, and the driving valve outputs airflow to the breathing circuit according to the first flow rate; the front-end pressure control module can be used to determine the second flow rate of the driving valve corresponding to the pressure control value according to the relationship array in response to the pressure at the inhalation end tending to be stable and the front-end pressure of the one-way valve dropping to the pressure control value, and the driving valve outputs airflow to the breathing circuit according to the second flow rate.

[0077] During the pressure control process, the inhalation end pressure control module can be used to control the pressure at the inhalation end. When the pressure at the inhalation end tends to be stable and the front-end pressure of the one-way valve drops to the pressure control value, the inhalation end pressure control module can be switched to the front-end pressure control module. At this time, the inhalation end pressure control module does not participate in the control. The front-end pressure control module determines the driving valve flow rate corresponding to the pressure control value based on the relationship array, and the driving valve outputs the airflow to the respiratory circuit according to the flow rate. By switching the inhalation end pressure control module and the front-end pressure control module, the instability of the pressure control at the inhalation end and the jitter of the flow rate signal in the respiratory support device can be avoided.

[0078] It should be noted that the specific details of each part of the above-mentioned pressure control system have been described in detail in the implementation of the pressure control method part. The undisclosed details can be found in the implementation of the method part, and will not be repeated here.

[0079] Furthermore, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, a main control device capable of implementing the above-mentioned pressure control method is also provided.

[0080] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various aspects of the present disclosure may be implemented as systems, methods, or program products. Therefore, various aspects of the present disclosure may be implemented in the following forms: a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment (including firmware, microcode, etc.), or an embodiment combining hardware and software aspects, which may be collectively referred to herein as a "circuit," "module," or "system."

[0081] Refer to the following Figure 6 hereinafter, a master device 600 according to this embodiment of the present disclosure is described. Figure 6 The main control device 600 shown is only an example and should not bring any limitation to the functions and scope of use of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0082] like Figure 6 As shown, the main control device 600 is implemented as a general-purpose computing device. Components of the main control device 600 may include, but are not limited to, the at least one processing unit 610 described above, the at least one storage unit 620 described above, a bus 630 connecting different system components (including the storage unit 620 and the processing unit 610), and a display unit 640.

[0083] The storage unit stores program codes, which can be executed by the processing unit 610, so that the processing unit 610 performs the steps according to various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure described in the above “Exemplary Method” section of this specification. For example, the processing unit 610 can perform the following steps: Figure 3 Follow the steps shown in .

[0084] The storage unit 620 may include a readable medium in the form of a volatile storage unit, such as a random access memory unit (RAM) 621 and / or a cache memory unit 622 , and may further include a read-only memory unit (ROM) 623 .

[0085] The storage unit 620 may also include a program / utility 624 having a set (at least one) of program modules 625, such program modules 625 including but not limited to: an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, each of which or some combination may include an implementation of a network environment.

[0086] Bus 630 may represent one or more of several types of bus structures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, an accelerated graphics port, a processing unit, or a local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures.

[0087] The master device 600 can also communicate with one or more external devices 670 (e.g., a keyboard, a pointing device, a Bluetooth device, etc.), one or more devices that enable a user to interact with the master device 600, and / or any device that enables the master device 600 to communicate with one or more other computing devices (e.g., a router, a modem, etc.). Such communication can occur via an input / output (I / O) interface 650. Furthermore, the master device 600 can communicate with one or more networks (e.g., a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), and / or a public network such as the Internet) via a network adapter 660. As shown, the network adapter 660 communicates with other modules of the master device 600 via a bus 630. It should be understood that, although not shown in the figure, other hardware and / or software modules can be used in conjunction with the master device 600, including but not limited to microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems.

[0088] Through the description of the above embodiments, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the example embodiments described herein can be implemented by software or by combining software with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solutions according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be a CD-ROM, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, etc.) or on a network, and includes a number of instructions to enable a computing device (which can be a personal computer, a server, a terminal device, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0089] In addition, an anesthesia machine is also provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. The anesthesia machine may include a breathing circuit, a driving valve, a one-way valve, a bleed hole, an inhalation end, and Figure 6 The master device shown, etc.

[0090] In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, on which is stored a program product capable of implementing the aforementioned methods of this specification. In some possible embodiments, various aspects of the present disclosure may also be implemented in the form of a program product, which includes program code. When the program product is executed on a terminal device, the program code is used to cause the terminal device to execute the steps according to various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure described in the "Exemplary Methods" section of this specification.

[0091] refer to Figure 7As shown, a program product 700 for implementing the above-mentioned pressure control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is described. The program product 700 may be a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) and include program code, and may be run on a terminal device, such as a personal computer. However, the program product of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In this document, a readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0092] The program product may employ any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device, or component, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of readable storage media include: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0093] A computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carries readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take a variety of forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. A readable signal medium may also be any readable medium other than a readable storage medium that can transmit, propagate, or transfer a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0094] The program code contained on the readable medium can be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical cable, electromagnetic waves, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0095] Program code for performing the operations of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, C++, and the like, as well as conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as "C" or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the user computing device, partially on the user device, as a stand-alone software package, partially on the user computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In cases involving a remote computing device, the remote computing device may be connected to the user computing device via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computing device (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0096] Furthermore, the figures above are merely illustrative of the processes included in the methods according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to be limiting. It is readily understood that the processes illustrated in the figures above do not indicate or limit the temporal order of these processes. Furthermore, it is readily understood that these processes may be executed synchronously or asynchronously, for example, in multiple modules.

[0097] Through the description of the above embodiments, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the example embodiments described herein can be implemented by software or by combining software with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solution according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be a CD-ROM, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, etc.) or on a network, and includes several instructions to enable a computing device (which can be a personal computer, a server, a touch terminal, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0098] Other embodiments of the present disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow from the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, with the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure being indicated by the claims.

[0099] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A pressure control method, characterized in that: Applied to a respiratory support device, the respiratory support device includes a respiratory circuit, a drive valve, a one-way valve, a bleed hole, and an inhalation end, and the pressure control method includes: Determine a relationship array between the leakage flow rate of the leak hole and the front end pressure of the one-way valve; Periodically determining a pressure control value of the front end pressure of the one-way valve corresponding to the target pressure according to a difference between the stable pressure at the suction end and the target pressure; determining a first flow rate of the driving valve according to an inspiratory end pressure target value and an inspiratory end pressure sampling value, and the driving valve outputting an airflow to the breathing circuit according to the first flow rate; In response to the pressure at the inhalation end tending to stabilize and the front end pressure of the one-way valve dropping to the pressure control value, the leakage flow rate corresponding to the pressure control value is determined according to the relationship array; the second flow rate of the driving valve corresponding to the pressure control value is determined according to the leakage flow rate, and the driving valve outputs airflow to the breathing circuit according to the second flow rate.

2. The pressure control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining of the relationship array between the leakage flow rate of the leak hole and the front end pressure of the one-way valve includes: By adjusting the driving valve, the front end pressure of the one-way valve corresponding to the leakage flow rate of different leakage holes is obtained when the pressure of the suction end tends to be stable; The relationship array is determined according to the corresponding relationship between the leakage flow rate of the leakage hole and the front end pressure of the one-way valve.

3. The pressure control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of periodically determining a pressure control value of the front end pressure of the one-way valve corresponding to the target pressure based on a difference between the stable pressure at the suction end and the target pressure includes: Periodically adjusting the pressure control value according to the difference between the stable pressure at the suction end and the target pressure; When the difference is within a preset range, the current pressure control value is matched with the target pressure.

4. The pressure control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the first flow rate of the driving valve according to the target suction end pressure value and the suction end pressure sampling value includes: The PID control algorithm is used to take the suction end pressure target value as the control variable and the suction end pressure sampling value as the feedback variable, and the first flow rate of the driving valve is obtained by reducing the difference between the control variable and the feedback variable.

5. The pressure control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining the leakage flow rate corresponding to the pressure control value according to the relationship array includes: Based on the Lagrange interpolation method, the leakage flow rate corresponding to the pressure control value is determined according to the relationship array.

6. The pressure control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The target value of the inspiratory end pressure is adjusted according to the user's breathing frequency and the ratio of inhalation to exhalation time.

7. A pressure control system, characterized in that: The pressure control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used for implementing the pressure control method, which is applied to a respiratory support device, wherein the respiratory support device includes a respiratory circuit, a drive valve, a one-way valve, a bleed hole, and an inhalation end, and the pressure control system includes: a relationship array determination module, configured to determine a relationship array between the leakage flow rate of the leak hole and the front end pressure of the one-way valve; a control value determination module, configured to periodically determine a pressure control value of the front end pressure of the one-way valve corresponding to the target pressure based on a difference between the stable pressure at the suction end and the target pressure; an inspiratory end pressure control module, configured to determine a first flow rate of the driving valve according to an inspiratory end pressure target value and an inspiratory end pressure sampling value, wherein the driving valve outputs an airflow to the breathing circuit according to the first flow rate; The front-end pressure control module is used to determine the second flow rate of the driving valve corresponding to the pressure control value according to the relationship array in response to the pressure at the inhalation end tending to be stable and the front-end pressure of the one-way valve dropping to the pressure control value, and the driving valve outputs the airflow to the breathing circuit according to the second flow rate.

8. A master control device, characterized in that: include: processor; as well as a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; Wherein, the processor is configured to perform the pressure control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 by executing the executable instructions.

9. An anesthesia machine, characterized in that: The anesthesia machine includes a breathing circuit, a driving valve, a one-way valve, a leak hole, an inhalation end and the main control device according to claim 8.

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