Flotation methods to improve fluorite recovery

Abstract

This invention provides a flotation method for improving fluorite recovery, comprising fluorite roughing, fluorite scavenging, fluorite cleaning, and fluorite fine scavenging. The feed for each of the fluorite scavenging, cleaning, and fine scavenging stages is concentrated and dewatered to increase the feed concentration to 30%–45%. Through this method, the invention effectively intervenes in the feed concentration during the fluorite scavenging, cleaning, and fine scavenging stages, ensuring each stage is within a specific concentration range. This guarantees that the flotation reagents can effectively collide with the corresponding mineral particles within this concentration range, improving the interaction between the reagents and the minerals, thereby effectively increasing fluorite recovery while reducing reagent usage. Furthermore, the flotation method for improving fluorite recovery provided by this invention is simple to operate, has good versatility, and can recover more fluorite with lower reagent costs compared to existing technologies, making it highly valuable for practical applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fluorite flotation technology, and in particular to a flotation method for improving fluorite recovery rate. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, China's fluorite resources are characterized by numerous single deposits with limited reserves, and a small number of associated deposits with large reserves. In associated deposits, fluorite is often accompanied by minerals with similar properties, such as calcite, barite, and celestite, making ore beneficiation and separation difficult and costly.

[0003] To efficiently recover fluorite resources, researchers have conducted extensive studies on fluorite beneficiation processes and reagents, resulting in flotation processes and reagent regimes suitable for fluorite recovery. A current conventional fluorite flotation process flow diagram is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, its main process adopts a short-process flotation process of one roughing and one scavenging, and multiple cleaning processes are carried out in the cleaning section. High-grade fluorite concentrate products are obtained by means of centralized return of middlings or centralized re-selection and tailings discharge.

[0004] In existing fluorite flotation processes, the flotation concentration at each stage is generally unaffected by external factors and exhibits a natural decreasing trend. Typically, during fluorite flotation, the pulp concentration is 28–40% in the roughing stage, 20–30% in the cleaning stage, 15–20% in the scavenging stage, and 10–23% in the fine scavenging stage.

[0005] Because fluorite content in the raw ore is higher than that of common metallic minerals, the amount of flotation during roughing is large, leading to a rapid decrease in scavenging concentration. During the scavenging stage of fluorite flotation, not only is the flotation efficiency low, but the recovery rate of fluorite is also much lower than that of other metallic minerals, thus affecting the overall fluorite flotation recovery rate. Furthermore, to obtain high-quality fluorite concentrate, 6-10 cleaning stages are required during fluorite flotation, and the tailings from the first three cleaning stages must be discharged. This causes the fluorite flotation concentration to gradually decrease during the cleaning process. Especially in the first three cleaning stages, fluorite drop-off is significant, and the tailings from the cleaning and scavenging stages have a tailings grade between 20% and 60%, or even higher, severely impacting the fluorite recovery rate.

[0006] However, regarding the aforementioned issue of the impact on fluorite recovery, existing technologies have not clearly identified the main reasons for the affected recovery rate, nor have they systematically studied the influence of flotation concentration at each stage on fluorite recovery. Currently, the concentration in each stage of the fluorite flotation process still follows a natural decreasing trend. Even if the grinding concentration is temporarily increased through concentration and dewatering to improve grinding efficiency during the concentrate grinding stage, the removed water still needs to be combined back in the subsequent flotation process, and the actual flotation concentration remains unchanged. To improve fluorite recovery, current research mainly focuses on improving the process flow and reagent types to maximize recovery. However, most existing improvement methods are costly and their effectiveness in improving fluorite recovery is not significant.

[0007] In view of this, it is necessary to design an improved flotation method to increase the recovery rate of fluorite in order to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention aims to provide a flotation method for improving fluorite recovery. By intervening in the feed concentration at each stage of the fluorite flotation process, the feed concentration at each stage is adjusted to a specific range to ensure that the flotation reagents can interact efficiently with the mineral particles, thereby effectively improving the fluorite recovery rate while reducing the amount of reagents used.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a flotation method for improving fluorite recovery rate, comprising fluorite roughing, fluorite scavenging, fluorite cleaning, and fluorite fine scavenging;

[0010] The feed for fluorite scavenging, fluorite beneficiation, and fluorite fine scavenging is concentrated and dehydrated to increase the feed concentration to 30%–45%.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the flotation method for improving fluorite recovery rate provided by the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0012] S1. Fluorite roughing: The ore powder is mixed with water to obtain a primary slurry; the primary slurry is subjected to roughing operation to obtain fluorite rough concentrate and fluorite roughing tailings;

[0013] S2. Fluorite scavenging: The fluorite roughing tailings are concentrated and dehydrated to obtain a scavenging feed with a concentration of 30% to 45%; the scavenging feed is then subjected to scavenging operations to obtain fluorite scavenging concentrate and fluorite tailings;

[0014] S3. Fluorite Concentration: The fluorite rough concentrate is concentrated and dehydrated to obtain a concentrate feed; the concentrate feed is subjected to a fine-rough separation operation to obtain a fine-rough separation concentrate and a fine-separated tailings fluorite; the fine-rough separation concentrate is then subjected to a fine separation operation to obtain a fluorite concentrate.

[0015] S4. Fluorite Scavenging: The fluorite tailings are concentrated and dehydrated to obtain scavenging feed; the scavenging feed is then subjected to scavenging to obtain fluorite scavenging concentrate and fluorite tailings.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S3, the concentration of the refined feed is 30% to 40%.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S3, the reagents used in the coarse and fine separation operations include: 350-1000 g / t of acidified water glass; the reagents used in each fine separation operation include: 0-800 g / t of acidified water glass.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S4, the concentration of the fine scavenging feed is 30% to 35%.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S4, the reagents used in the fine scavenging operation include: 200-300 g / t of acidified water glass and 10-30 g / t of fatty acids.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S2, the reagents used in the scavenging operation include: 200-500 g / t of acidified water glass and 20-100 g / t of fatty acids.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the concentration of the primary slurry is 30% to 45%.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the reagents used in the roughing operation include: 500-1200 g / t of soda ash, 1000-2000 g / t of acidified water glass, and 300-600 g / t of fatty acids.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present invention, the fluorite scavenging concentrate obtained in step S2 is returned to step S1 for the roughing operation.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] The flotation method for improving fluorite recovery provided by this invention involves concentrating and dewatering the feed for fluorite scavenging, fluorite cleaning, and fluorite fine scavenging operations, increasing the feed concentration to a specific range. This allows the flotation reagents to effectively collide with the corresponding mineral particles within this concentration range, enhancing the interaction between the reagents and the minerals. Under these conditions, this invention not only reduces the amount of reagents used in each stage but also increases the recovery rate at each stage, thus effectively improving fluorite recovery while reducing reagent usage. Furthermore, the flotation method for improving fluorite recovery provided by this invention is simple to operate, has good versatility, and can recover more fluorite with lower reagent costs compared to existing technologies, making it highly valuable for practical applications. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a conventional fluorite flotation process.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process flow for the flotation method to improve fluorite recovery rate provided by the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 The diagram shows the process flow diagrams for the fluorite scavenging stage in Examples 6-9 and Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the process flow for the fluorite selection stage in Examples 10-12 and Comparative Examples 4-6.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the process flow for the fluorite fine scavenging stage in Examples 13-14 and Comparative Examples 7-9. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and / or processing steps closely related to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not closely related to the present invention are omitted.

[0033] Additionally, it should be noted that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0034] To address the low fluorite recovery rate in existing technologies, this invention systematically studies the concentration of fluorite at each stage of the flotation process, discovering that the concentration at each stage significantly impacts the fluorite recovery rate. By adjusting the concentration of each key stage in the fluorite flotation process to specific ranges, not only can the fluorite recovery rate be improved, ensuring maximum recovery of fluorite resources, but the amount of reagents used can also be reduced, effectively lowering reagent costs.

[0035] Based on the above research, the present invention provides a flotation method for improving fluorite recovery rate, including fluorite roughing, fluorite scavenging, fluorite cleaning and fluorite fine scavenging;

[0036] The feed for fluorite scavenging, fluorite beneficiation, and fluorite fine scavenging is concentrated and dehydrated to increase the feed concentration to 30%–45%.

[0037] It should be noted that the concentration and dewatering treatment refers to removing a portion of the water from the slurry using thickening equipment to increase the feed concentration. The thickening equipment can be a hydrocyclone, inclined plate thickener, or thickener, or other equipment can be selected based on actual conditions, as long as it can increase the feed concentration. The feed concentration mentioned in this invention refers to the mass concentration of mineral powder particles in the slurry, which will not be elaborated further below.

[0038] Through the above methods, the present invention can effectively overcome the natural decrease in concentration at each stage of conventional fluorite flotation process, and accurately control the feed concentration of fluorite scavenging, fluorite cleaning and fluorite fine scavenging stages to a specific range, so that the flotation reagents can interact efficiently with the mineral particles, thereby effectively improving the recovery rate of fluorite while reducing the amount of reagents used.

[0039] More specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the flotation method for improving fluorite recovery specifically includes the following steps:

[0040] S1. Fluorite coarse selection

[0041] The fluorite ore to be selected is ground to obtain ore powder; the ore powder is mixed with water to obtain a primary slurry. The preferred mass fraction of ore powder in the primary slurry is 30% to 45%, and the solid particles with a particle size of less than 0.074 mm account for more than 70% of the total mass of ore powder in the primary slurry.

[0042] Then, the primary slurry is subjected to a roughing operation, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0043] Add soda ash to the slurry and stir for 3 minutes. Then add acidified water glass to the slurry and stir for 2 minutes. Next, add fatty acids to the slurry and stir for 3 minutes. The stirring process allows the reagents to fully react with the mineral surface. Then, perform roughing for 5 minutes to obtain fluorite rough concentrate and fluorite roughing tailings.

[0044] The acidified water glass in this invention is made by mixing 5% dilute sulfuric acid and 20% water glass in a mass ratio of 1:1 to 3:1, which will not be described in detail below.

[0045] Typically, when the mass fraction of mineral powder in the primary slurry is below 30%, the dosage of each reagent used in the roughing operation is: 1000–3000 g / t of soda ash, 1500–3000 g / t of acidified water glass, and 800–1000 g / t of fatty acids. This invention, by increasing the mass fraction of mineral powder in the primary slurry to 30%–45%, preferably uses the following dosages for the roughing operation: 500–1200 g / t of soda ash, 1000–2000 g / t of acidified water glass, and 300–600 g / t of fatty acids. Compared to using a low-concentration primary slurry, this significantly reduces the amount of reagents used and improves the recovery rate of fluorite in the roughing stage.

[0046] S2. Fluorite Scan

[0047] The fluorite roughing tailings obtained in step S1 are concentrated and dehydrated to obtain a scavenging feed with a concentration of 30% to 45%.

[0048] Then, the scavenging feed is subjected to a scavenging operation, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0049] Add acidified water glass to the concentrated and dehydrated scavenging feed and stir for 2 minutes. Then add fatty acids to the slurry and stir for 2 minutes. The stirring process allows the reagents to fully interact with the mineral surface. Then, perform scavenging for 3 minutes to obtain fluorite scavenging concentrate and fluorite tailings. The fluorite scavenging concentrate is returned to the roughing operation described in step S1.

[0050] Typically, when the concentration of the scavenging feed is 15%–20%, the dosage of each reagent used in the scavenging operation is: 500–1500 g / t of acidified water glass and 100–300 g / t of fatty acids. This invention, by increasing the concentration of the scavenging feed to 30%–45%, preferably uses 200–500 g / t of acidified water glass and 20–100 g / t of fatty acids during the scavenging operation. This significantly reduces the amount of reagents used compared to when no concentration and dehydration are performed, and also improves the recovery rate of fluorite in the scavenging stage.

[0051] S3. Fluorite Selection

[0052] The fluorite rough concentrate obtained in step S1 is used as the fine feed. If the concentration of the fluorite rough concentrate is less than 30%, the fluorite rough concentrate needs to be concentrated and dehydrated. Preferably, the concentration of the fine feed is increased to 30% to 40%.

[0053] In this invention, a multi-stage refining process is preferred for fluorite refining, and more preferably, a single coarse-fine refining operation followed by six refining operations is used. Specifically:

[0054] The selected feed is subjected to one fine-rough separation operation to obtain fluorite fine-rough separation concentrate and fluorite fine-separated tailings; then the fluorite fine-rough separation concentrate is subjected to six fine separation operations to obtain fluorite concentrate.

[0055] The reagents used in both the coarse and fine separation processes are acidified water glass. After adding the acidified water glass, stir for 2 minutes, and then perform coarse or fine separation for 4 minutes.

[0056] Typically, when the concentration of the feed ore for beneficiation is below 30%, the amount of acidified water glass used in the roughing and finishing processes is 500–2000 g / t, and the amount used in each beneficiation process is 0–1000 g / t, with the amount of acidified water glass decreasing progressively. This invention, by increasing the feed ore concentration to 30%–40%, preferably uses 350–1000 g / t in the roughing and finishing processes, and 0–800 g / t in the beneficiation process, with the amount of acidified water glass decreasing progressively. Compared to the process without concentration and dehydration, this significantly reduces the amount of reagent used and improves the recovery rate of fluorite in the beneficiation stage.

[0057] S4. Fluorite Precision Scan

[0058] The fluorite tailings obtained in step S3 are concentrated and dehydrated to obtain a fine scavenging feed with a concentration of 30% to 35%.

[0059] Then, the fine scavenging feed is subjected to a fine scavenging operation, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0060] Add acidified water glass to the concentrated and dehydrated slurry and stir for 2 minutes. Then add fatty acids to the slurry and stir for 2 minutes. The stirring process allows the reagents to fully interact with the mineral surface. Then perform 4 minutes of slurry separation to obtain fluorite concentrate and fluorite tailings. The fluorite concentrate is returned to the roughing or cleaning process.

[0061] Typically, when the concentration of the feed ore for fine scavenging is 10%–23%, the preferred dosage of each reagent during fine scavenging is 300–500 g / t of acidified water glass and 50–150 g / t of fatty acids. This invention, by increasing the concentration of the feed ore for fine scavenging to 30%–35%, preferably reduces the dosage of each reagent during fine scavenging to 200–300 g / t of acidified water glass and 10–30 g / t of fatty acids. This significantly reduces reagent usage compared to the method without concentration and dehydration, and also improves the recovery rate of fluorite during the fine scavenging stage.

[0062] Through the above methods, the present invention can effectively intervene in the feed concentration of fluorite scavenging, fluorite beneficiation, and fluorite fine scavenging operations by means of concentration and dehydration, and increase the feed concentration of each operation stage to a specific range to ensure that the flotation reagent can effectively collide with the surface of fluorite minerals within this concentration range, improve the interaction between the flotation reagent and fluorite, thereby increasing the recovery rate of fluorite, while reducing the amount of flotation reagent used.

[0063] The flotation method for improving fluorite recovery provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and comparative examples.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] This embodiment provides a flotation method for improving fluorite recovery rate, including the following steps:

[0066] S1. Fluorite coarse selection

[0067] The fluorite ore to be selected is ground to obtain mineral powder; the mineral powder is mixed with water to obtain a primary slurry with a mineral powder concentration of 35%, in which solid particles with a particle size of less than 0.074 mm account for more than 70% of the total mass of mineral powder.

[0068] Then, the primary slurry is subjected to a roughing operation, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0069] Add 1200 g / t of soda ash to the primary slurry and stir for 3 minutes. Then add 1500 g / t of acidified water glass and stir for 2 minutes. Next, add 500 g / t of fatty acid and stir for 3 minutes. The stirring process ensures the reagents fully interact with the mineral surface. Then, perform roughing for 5 minutes to obtain fluorite rough concentrate and fluorite roughing tailings. The acidified water glass is prepared by mixing 5% dilute sulfuric acid and 20% water glass at a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0070] S2. Fluorite Scan

[0071] The fluorite roughing tailings obtained in step S1 are connected to a thickener through a pipeline for concentration and dewatering. The overflow water from the thickener can be returned to the roughing operation as water to mix with the mineral powder, while the underflow is used as scavenging feed to enter the scavenging operation, and the concentration of the scavenging feed is controlled at 35%.

[0072] Then, the scavenging feed is subjected to a scavenging operation, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0073] Add 400 g / t of acidified water glass to the scavenging feed and stir for 2 minutes. Then add 25 g / t of fatty acid to the slurry and stir for 2 minutes. The stirring process allows the reagents to fully react with the mineral surface. Then, perform scavenging for 3 minutes to obtain fluorite scavenging concentrate and fluorite tailings. The fluorite scavenging concentrate is returned to the roughing operation described in step S1.

[0074] S3. Fluorite Selection

[0075] The fluorite rough concentrate obtained in step S1 is concentrated and dewatered: the fluorite rough concentrate, along with the foam wash water, is fed into a first-stage hydrocyclone. After concentration in the first-stage hydrocyclone, the underflow enters the subsequent processing, while the overflow is fed into a second-stage hydrocyclone. After concentration in the second-stage hydrocyclone, the overflow is directly discharged into the tailings. The underflow from the second-stage hydrocyclone is combined with that from the first-stage hydrocyclone as the cleaning feed, which is then used for the fluorite cleaning process. By adjusting the pressure of the first-stage and second-stage hydrocyclones and the size of the underflow outlet, the concentration of the cleaning feed is controlled at 35%.

[0076] Then, a fine-roughing operation is performed on the selected feed. The amount of acidified water glass used in the fine-roughing operation is 800 g / t. After adding the acidified water glass, the mixture is stirred for 2 minutes, and then fine-roughing is performed for 4 minutes to obtain fluorite fine-roughing concentrate and fluorite fine-refined tailings. The fluorite fine-roughing concentrate is then fined six times to obtain fluorite concentrate. The amount of acidified water glass used in fine-refining operations one, two, three, four, five and six is ​​800 g / t, 600 g / t, 400 g / t, 200 g / t, 100 g / t and 0 g / t, respectively. After each addition of acidified water glass, the mixture is stirred for 2 minutes, and then fine-refining is performed for 4 minutes. The middlings produced in each fine-refining operation are returned to the previous operation, and finally fluorite concentrate is obtained.

[0077] S4. Fluorite Precision Scan

[0078] The fluorite tailings obtained in step S3 are concentrated and dehydrated: the fluorite tailings are connected to an inclined plate thickener through a pipeline. The overflow water from the inclined plate thickener is returned to the flotation operation as makeup water, while the underflow is used as feed for the fine scavenging operation. The concentration of the fine scavenging feed is controlled at 35%.

[0079] Then, the fine scavenging feed is subjected to a fine scavenging operation, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0080] Add 250 g / t of acidified water glass to the slurry and stir for 2 minutes. Then add 20 g / t of fatty acid to the slurry and stir for 2 minutes. The stirring process allows the reagents to fully react with the mineral surface. Then perform 4 minutes of slurry separation to obtain fluorite concentrate and fluorite tailings. The fluorite concentrate is returned to the roughing and finishing process.

[0081] The final flotation results obtained after flotation using the above method are shown in Table 1.

[0082] Table 1. Flotation results (%) of Example 1

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] As can be seen from Table 1, the flotation method provided by this invention can achieve a high fluorite (CaF2) recovery rate.

[0086] To further analyze the impact of feed concentration at each stage of the operation on fluorite recovery and reagent dosage, separate experiments were conducted for fluorite roughing, fluorite scavenging, fluorite cleaning, and fluorite fine scavenging operations.

[0087] Examples 2-5

[0088] Examples 2-5 provide a method for roughing fluorite, targeting quartz vein-type fluorite ore. The method used is the same as the roughing method for fluorite in Example 1, except that different reagent dosages are used according to different primary pulp concentrations. The flotation conditions and flotation results of Examples 2-5 are shown in Table 2.

[0089] Table 2. Flotation conditions and flotation results (%) for Examples 2-5

[0090]

[0091] As shown in Table 2, with the increase of flotation concentration, the overall reagent dosage in the fluorite flotation process shows a decreasing trend. The dosage of soda ash decreased by 1 / 3, the dosage of acidified water glass decreased by 10%, and the dosage of fatty acids decreased by 1 / 3. Meanwhile, the flotation recovery rate of fluorite increased with the increase of concentration. When the concentration was increased to 45%, the fluorite recovery rate was 26.26 percentage points higher than that at a concentration of 30%, and the implementation effect was very significant.

[0092] Examples 6-9 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0093] Examples 6-9 and Comparative Examples 1-3 each provide a method for scavenging fluorite, using fluorite roughing tailings as feed. The process flow diagrams are shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the flotation method is the same as that in Example 1, except that the feed concentration and reagent dosage are adjusted. The flotation conditions and flotation results of Examples 6-9 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown in Table 3.

[0094] Table 3. Flotation conditions and flotation results (%) for Examples 6-9 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0095]

[0096] As shown in Table 3, with the increase of flotation concentration, compared with the flotation concentration of Comparative Example 1, the amount of acidified water glass and fatty acids generally decreased, while the recovery rate of fluorite increased. After the concentration reached 45%, the recovery rate of fluorite increased by 26.26 percentage points compared with Comparative Example 1, the amount of fatty acids decreased by 50%, and the amount of acidified water glass decreased by 50%. After the concentration reached 50%, the grade of fluorite concentrate in Comparative Example 3 was less than 30%, and the amount of acidified water glass further increased. It can be seen that the flotation concentration should not exceed 50%.

[0097] Examples 10-12 and Comparative Examples 4-6

[0098] Examples 10-12 and Comparative Examples 4-6 each provide a method for fluorite beneficiation, using fluorite rough concentrate as feed. The process flow diagrams are shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the flotation method is consistent with that in Example 1, except that the feed concentration and reagent dosage are adjusted. The flotation conditions and results of Examples 10-12 and Comparative Examples 4-6 are shown in Table 4.

[0099] Table 4. Flotation conditions and flotation results (%) for Examples 10-12 and Comparative Examples 4-6

[0100]

[0101] As shown in Table 4, with the increase of flotation concentration, compared with the flotation concentration of Comparative Examples 4 and 5, the amount of acidified water glass and fatty acids generally showed a decreasing trend, while the recovery rate of fluorite showed an increasing trend. After the concentration reached 40%, the recovery rate of fluorite increased by 17.52 percentage points compared with Comparative Example 4, and the amount of acidified water glass decreased by 41.67%. Compared with Comparative Example 5, the recovery rate increased by 7.81 percentage points, and the amount of acidified water glass decreased by 36.36%. After the concentration reached 45%, the fluorite concentrate grade and recovery rate in Comparative Example 5 showed no advantage, and the amount of acidified water glass increased.

[0102] Examples 13-14 and Comparative Examples 7-9

[0103] Examples 13-14 and Comparative Examples 7-9 each provide a method for fine scavenging of fluorite, using fluorite roughing tailings as feed. The process flow diagrams are shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the flotation conditions and results of Examples 13-14 and Comparative Examples 7-9 are consistent with the fluorite scavenging method in Example 1, except that the feed concentration and reagent dosage were adjusted. Table 5 shows the flotation conditions and results of Examples 13-14 and Comparative Examples 7-9.

[0104] Table 5. Flotation conditions and flotation results (%) for Examples 13-14 and Comparative Examples 7-9

[0105]

[0106] As shown in Table 5, with the increase of flotation concentration, compared with the flotation concentrations of Comparative Examples 7 and 8, the amount of acidified water glass and fatty acids generally showed a decreasing trend, while the recovery rate of fluorite showed an increasing trend. After the concentration reached 35%, the recovery rate of fluorite increased by 41.49 percentage points compared with Comparative Example 7, the amount of acidified water glass decreased by 40%, and the amount of fatty acids decreased by 70%. Compared with Comparative Example 8, the recovery rate increased by 34.85 percentage points, the amount of acidified water glass decreased by 40%, and the amount of fatty acids decreased by 62.5%. After the concentration exceeded 40%, the fluorite concentrate grade and recovery rate in Comparative Example 9 showed no advantage, and the amount of acidified water glass increased.

[0107] In summary, this invention provides a flotation method for improving fluorite recovery, comprising fluorite roughing, fluorite scavenging, fluorite cleaning, and fluorite fine scavenging. The feed for each of the fluorite scavenging, cleaning, and fine scavenging stages is concentrated and dewatered to increase the feed concentration to 30%–45%. Through this method, the invention effectively intervenes in the feed concentration during the fluorite scavenging, cleaning, and fine scavenging stages, ensuring each stage is within a specific concentration range. This guarantees that the flotation reagents can effectively collide with the corresponding mineral particles within this concentration range, improving the interaction between the reagents and the minerals, thereby effectively increasing fluorite recovery while reducing reagent usage. Furthermore, the flotation method for improving fluorite recovery provided by this invention is simple to operate, has good versatility, and can recover more fluorite with lower reagent costs compared to existing technologies, making it highly valuable for practical applications.

[0108] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flotation method for improving fluorite recovery rate, characterized in that: Including fluorite roughing, fluorite sweeping, fluorite cleaning, and fluorite fine sweeping; In this process, the feed for fluorite scavenging, fluorite beneficiation, and fluorite fine scavenging is concentrated and dehydrated to increase the feed concentration to 30%~45%. The flotation method for improving fluorite recovery specifically includes the following steps: S1. Fluorite roughing: The ore powder is mixed with water to obtain a primary slurry; the primary slurry is subjected to roughing operation to obtain fluorite rough concentrate and fluorite roughing tailings; S2. Fluorite scavenging: The fluorite roughing tailings are concentrated and dehydrated to obtain a scavenging feed with a concentration of 30%~45%; the scavenging feed is then subjected to scavenging operations to obtain fluorite scavenging concentrate and fluorite tailings; S3. Fluorite Concentration: The fluorite rough concentrate is concentrated and dehydrated to obtain a concentrate feed; the concentrate feed is subjected to a fine-rough separation operation to obtain a fine-rough separation concentrate and a fine-separated tailings fluorite; the fine-rough separation concentrate is then subjected to a fine separation operation to obtain a fluorite concentrate. S4. Fluorite Scavenging: The fluorite tailings are concentrated and dehydrated to obtain scavenging feed; the scavenging feed is then subjected to scavenging to obtain fluorite scavenging concentrate and fluorite tailings.

2. The flotation method for improving fluorite recovery rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the concentration of the refined feed is 30%~40%.

3. The flotation method for improving fluorite recovery rate according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the reagents used in the coarse and fine separation operations include 350~1000g / t of acidified water glass; the reagents used in each fine separation operation include 0~800g / t of acidified water glass.

4. The flotation method for improving fluorite recovery rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the concentration of the fine scavenging feed is 30%~35%.

5. The flotation method for improving fluorite recovery rate according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S4, the reagents used in the fine sweeping operation include: 200~300g / t of acidified water glass and 10~30g / t of fatty acids.

6. The flotation method for improving fluorite recovery rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the reagents used in the scavenging operation include: 200~500g / t of acidified water glass and 20~100g / t of fatty acids.

7. The flotation method for improving fluorite recovery rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the concentration of the primary slurry is 30% to 45%.

8. The flotation method for improving fluorite recovery rate according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S1, the reagents used in the roughing operation include: 500~1200g / t of soda ash, 1000~2000g / t of acidified water glass, and 300~600g / t of fatty acids.

9. The flotation method for improving fluorite recovery rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluorite scavenging concentrate obtained in step S2 is returned to the roughing operation in step S1.

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