Instruction processing system, method for a quantum computer and quantum computer

Abstract

The application discloses an instruction processing system and method for a quantum computer and the quantum computer, and is used for outputting waveform data of a pulse signal for manipulating a spin quantum bit. The instruction processing system comprises a state starting module configured to send a data output request according to waveform parameter instructions sent by an upper computer; wherein the waveform parameter instructions comprise waveform coefficients of a pulse signal waveform; and a data generation module configured to generate waveform data of a complete cycle of the pulse signal waveform and output the waveform data in response to the data output request and according to the waveform coefficients. The application generates the waveform data of the pulse signal by using the waveform coefficients in the lower computer, and can solve the problems that the waveform data of the pulse signal is large, the waveform data is sent to the lower computer to occupy the memory, and the slow transmission affects the computing efficiency of the quantum computing, and can greatly improve the computing efficiency of the quantum computing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of quantum computing, and in particular to an instruction processing system, method and quantum computer for quantum computers. Background Technology

[0002] Quantum chips are the core components for running quantum computing. Multiple qubits are integrated on a quantum chip, such as spin qubits on a semiconductor quantum chip. These spin qubits are manipulated using DC and pulse signals, and measured using radio frequency signals.

[0003] When using pulse signals to manipulate spin qubits using two-qubit gates, the precision requirements for these pulse signals are extremely high. The pulse period is typically on the nanosecond scale, for example, a waveform with a pulse period of less than 100 ns. Furthermore, the pulse signals corresponding to two-qubit gate manipulation vary widely, with each pulse signal having a different amplitude and period, which must be determined based on the quantum computing task to be performed. It's conceivable that a quantum computing task requires applying several different high-precision pulse signals to the spin qubits; and to ensure the accuracy of the results, the manipulation is typically repeated thousands or even tens of thousands of times, with varying time intervals between repetitions. In practice, all the manipulation pulse signals need to be combined into a single combined pulse signal and applied to the spin qubits for manipulation.

[0004] In existing technologies, a host computer typically receives quantum computing tasks, determines the waveform of the pulse signals to be applied to each spin qubit based on the task, and then sends the waveform data to a slave computer for storage. The slave computer then outputs the corresponding pulse signals based on the waveform data. The slave computer typically employs a quantum measurement and control system. As mentioned above, the pulse signals used to manipulate qubits are diverse, and the waveform parameters of each pulse signal are different, requiring the transmission of each waveform parameter. Furthermore, some waveforms are combined pulse signals, resulting in a very large data volume, which is time-consuming to transmit and consumes significant memory when stored in the quantum measurement and control system.

[0005] Furthermore, this waveform data is pre-stored and cannot be adjusted in real time. When the pulse signal needs to be adjusted, the host computer needs to update the waveform data of the pulse signal and resend it to the slave computer. Moreover, the computational efficiency of quantum computing is directly reduced due to the time required for data transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide an instruction processing system, method, and quantum computer for quantum computing, in order to solve the problem in the prior art that the large amount of waveform data of pulse signals leads to memory occupation and slow transmission when sent to the lower-level machine, thus affecting the computational efficiency of quantum computing, and can significantly improve the computational efficiency of quantum computing.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides, in one aspect, an instruction processing system for a quantum computer, for outputting waveform data of pulse signals used to manipulate spin qubits, comprising:

[0008] The status start module is used to send a data output request based on the waveform parameter instructions sent by the host computer; wherein, the waveform parameter instructions include the waveform coefficients of the pulse signal waveform;

[0009] The data generation module is used to respond to the data output request and generate waveform data of the complete cycle of the pulse signal waveform according to the waveform coefficients, and then output it.

[0010] In the instruction processing system for a quantum computer described above, preferably, the data generation module outputs a first number of waveform data per clock cycle.

[0011] In the instruction processing system for a quantum computer as described above, preferably, the first quantity is equal to the quotient of the sampling rate of the signal generation module and the operating clock frequency of the data generation module, wherein the clock period and the operating clock frequency are derivatives; the signal generation module is used to output a corresponding pulse signal based on the waveform data.

[0012] In the instruction processing system for a quantum computer as described above, preferably, the waveform coefficients include the initial amplitude of the rising edge of the pulse signal waveform, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data.

[0013] In the instruction processing system for quantum computers described above, preferably, each waveform data is determined based on the initial amplitude, the amplitude increment, and the current total amount of waveform data.

[0014] In the instruction processing system for a quantum computer as described above, preferably, the total amount of current waveform data is determined based on the first quantity and the count value; wherein, the count value is used to count the working clock cycles of the data generation module.

[0015] The instruction processing system for a quantum computer described above preferably further includes a timing module for incrementing the count value by one each time the data generation module adds a clock cycle.

[0016] The instruction processing system for a quantum computer described above preferably further includes a data judgment module, used to determine whether additional sampling point data is needed based on the total amount of waveform data and the first quantity.

[0017] In the instruction processing system for a quantum computer described above, preferably, when the quotient of the total amount of waveform data and the first quantity is an integer, the waveform data is directly output.

[0018] In the instruction processing system for quantum computers described above, preferably, when the quotient of the total waveform data and the first quantity contains a remainder, the remainder is padded to the first quantity, and the padded waveform data is output.

[0019] In the instruction processing system for quantum computers described above, preferably, the state initiation module, the data generation module, and the data judgment module are all functional modules integrated within the FPGA.

[0020] Another aspect of this application provides an instruction processing method for a quantum computer, used to output waveform data of pulse signals for manipulating spin qubits, including:

[0021] A data output request is sent based on the waveform parameter command sent by the host computer; wherein, the waveform parameter command includes the waveform coefficients of the pulse signal waveform;

[0022] Responding to the data output request, the corresponding waveform data is output according to the waveform coefficients.

[0023] This application also provides a quantum control system for a quantum computer, including any of the above-mentioned instruction processing system, host computer system, and signal generation system;

[0024] The host computer system is used to receive quantum computing tasks and send corresponding waveform parameter instructions;

[0025] The instruction processing system is used to output waveform data of the pulse signal according to the waveform parameter instruction;

[0026] The signal generation system is used to output a corresponding pulse signal based on the waveform data; or

[0027] The waveform data of the pulse signal is output using the above instruction processing method.

[0028] In another aspect, this application provides a quantum computer including the aforementioned quantum control system and quantum processor, wherein the quantum processor performs quantum computation based on pulse signals output by the quantum control system.

[0029] Compared with existing technologies, the instruction processing system for quantum computers provided in this application is used to manipulate spin qubits on a semiconductor quantum processor. The host computer sends the coefficients of a pulse signal waveform to the instruction processing system in the form of waveform parameter instructions. The state initiation module within the instruction processing system initiates the conversion of the waveform parameter instructions, and then the data generation module executes the specific waveform coefficient conversion, generating and outputting waveform data of the complete cycle of the pulse signal waveform based on the waveform coefficients. By generating waveform data of various pulse signal waveforms in the instruction processing system of the lower-level computer, the host computer avoids sending the complete waveform data of each pulse waveform, greatly reducing the amount of data sent by the host computer module and improving the efficiency of quantum computing.

[0030] The instruction processing method, quantum control system, and quantum computer provided in this application belong to the same concept as the instruction processing system for quantum computers, and therefore have the same beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a combined pulse waveform provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the composition of an instruction processing system for a quantum computer provided in this application embodiment. Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the composition of an instruction processing system for a quantum computer provided in this application embodiment. Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the composition of an instruction processing system for a quantum computer provided in this application embodiment. Figure 3 ;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of waveform data generated by a data generation module, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating an instruction processing method for a quantum computer, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of a quantum control system provided in an embodiment of this application. Attached image description:

[0039] 1 - Host computer system; 2 - Instruction processing system; 3 - Signal generation system;

[0040] 10 - Status Startup Module, 20 - Data Generation Module, 30 - Timing Module, 40 - Data Judgment Module. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The specific embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the schematic diagrams. The advantages and features of this application will become clearer from the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of this application.

[0042] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0044] In semiconductor quantum computers, multiple spin qubits are integrated on the quantum processor. Typically, a DC signal is applied to the quantum processor to form a spin qubit, and a pulse signal is used to manipulate two adjacent spin qubits so that a two-bit gate operation can be performed between the two spin qubits. The fidelity of the two-bit gate operation is closely related to the pulse response time of the applied pulse signal, which requires that the periods of the rising and falling edges of the applied pulse signal be very short, usually on the order of nanoseconds.

[0045] Pulse signals are typically output from a signal source, signal generator, or quantum measurement and control system. The waveform parameters of the pulse signal depend on the quantum computing task to be performed and are usually issued by a host computer. When a spin qubit performs a complex quantum computing task, several pulse signals with different signal parameters need to be continuously applied to the same spin qubit. When repeated manipulation is required, the same pulse signal needs to be continuously applied to the same spin qubit. Regardless of whether the signal parameters of the pulse signals are the same, for several pulse signals, the waveforms of the several pulse signals are usually spliced ​​into a combined pulse waveform in the host computer, and then the combined pulse waveform is sent to the quantum measurement and control system.

[0046] As attached Figure 1The diagram shows a combined pulse waveform. The horizontal axis represents pulse time, and the vertical axis represents pulse amplitude. The pulse time and pulse amplitude correspond one-to-one, forming numerous waveform data. (See attached diagram.) Figure 1 The combined pulse waveform in the system comprises several pulse signals with varying amplitudes and durations, and the time intervals between these pulse signals also differ. As one can imagine, the complexity of the combined pulse waveform is extremely high. These pulse signals share similarities: their rise and fall edges have very short pulse response times and very steep slopes. For this combined pulse waveform, the host computer needs to send all waveform data to the quantum measurement and control system. The complexity and quantity of the sent waveform data are considerable. Furthermore, when optimizing a single pulse in the combined pulse waveform, that pulse waveform needs to be updated, and the updated combined pulse waveform needs to be resent, severely impacting the efficiency of quantum computing.

[0047] It should be noted that the appendix Figure 1 The example combined pulse waveform is for illustrative purposes only. The specific parameters and waveform data of the applied single pulse signal and the combined pulse waveform need to be determined according to the quantum computing task to be performed, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0048] Continue as attached Figure 1 As shown in the pulse signal waveform, it can be observed that the waveform data of a pulse signal generally includes the amplitude of the low level, the waveform data of the rising and falling edges, and the amplitude of the high level. Among them, the amplitudes of the low level and the high level are fixed values, while the waveform data of the rising and falling edges are generally linear. The correspondence between the time and amplitude of the pulse signal can be characterized by coefficients, that is, the waveform data of the rising and falling edges are represented by coefficients, and the coefficients of the rising and falling edges are opposite. A single coefficient can represent a pulse signal waveform.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, this application embodiment provides an instruction processing system for a quantum computer, used to output waveform data of a pulse signal for manipulating spin qubits, including: a state activation module, used to send a data output request according to a waveform parameter instruction sent by a host computer; wherein the waveform parameter instruction includes waveform coefficients of the pulse signal waveform; and a data generation module, used to respond to the data output request and generate waveform data of the complete cycle of the pulse signal waveform according to the waveform coefficients and output it.

[0050] The instruction processing system of this application is integrated into the lower-level computer and communicates with the upper-level computer. The instruction processing system includes a state startup module and a data generation module. The working states of the state startup module include an idle state and a working state; it is usually in the idle state. When it receives a waveform parameter instruction from the upper-level computer, it enters the working state and sends a data output request. The data generation module responds to the output request and outputs the specific waveform data of the pulse signal according to the waveform coefficients in the waveform parameter instruction. After the data generation module outputs the waveform data, the state startup module updates its state to the idle state until it receives the next waveform parameter instruction from the upper-level computer.

[0051] The waveforms of pulse signals generally include square waves, triangular waves, rectangular waves, trapezoidal waves, etc. Waveform parameter commands include the parameters of each pulse signal to be output. These parameters only include the waveform coefficients of each waveform and do not include all waveform parameters of the pulse signal, such as the one-to-one correspondence of time and amplitude. The waveform data of a pulse signal generally includes the amplitude of the low level, the waveform parameters of the rising and falling edges, and the amplitude of the high level. The low and high level amplitudes are fixed values. The waveform parameters of the rising and falling edges are generally linear and can be expressed as a function, such as a linear function. For a function expression, determining the coefficients allows obtaining the corresponding amplitude output value based on different time inputs. Similarly, the waveform coefficients are determined in the same way as the coefficients of a function expression. Once the waveform coefficients are determined, the amplitude increment of the pulse signal's rising and falling edges can be determined. For pulse signals with different amplitude increments, the corresponding waveform coefficients can be sent. Furthermore, since the low-level amplitude and high-level amplitude of the pulse signal waveform are fixed values, the data generation module can determine the waveform data of the complete cycle of the entire pulse signal waveform when a starting amplitude and an ending amplitude are given.

[0052] In summary, the host computer sends the waveform coefficients of the pulse signal to the instruction processing system in the form of waveform parameter commands. The status initiation module within the instruction processing system initiates the conversion of the waveform parameter commands, and then the data generation module executes the specific waveform coefficient conversion, generating and outputting the waveform data of the complete cycle of the pulse signal based on the waveform coefficients. By generating waveform data of various pulse signal waveforms in the instruction processing system of the lower-level computer, the host computer avoids sending the complete waveform data of each pulse waveform, greatly reducing the amount of data sent by the host computer module and improving the efficiency of quantum computing.

[0053] It should be added that the above-mentioned appendix Figure 1The waveform is taken as an example of a trapezoidal pulse signal, which includes a rising edge, a falling edge, and a high-level state. The amplitude increments of the rising and falling edges are in opposite directions. For a trapezoidal waveform, the waveform parameter command only needs to include the waveform coefficient for the rising edge. Furthermore, the low-level and high-level amplitudes of the waveform are fixed, and each waveform coefficient corresponds to a trapezoidal pulse signal. It is conceivable that the data volume of the waveform coefficients is very small, making it very convenient for the host computer to send without consuming much memory. Moreover, when it is necessary to adjust the pulse signal, only the sent waveform coefficients need to be adjusted, which is beneficial for improving the efficiency of quantum computing.

[0054] In a quantum computer, both the host computer module and the slave computer module operate according to a preset working clock. The instruction processing system also has a working clock frequency. That is, the data generation module outputs waveform data according to the preset working clock frequency. The derivative of the working clock frequency is the working clock cycle of the data generation module. In each working clock cycle, the data generation module outputs a first number of waveform data.

[0055] In this embodiment, the first quantity is equal to the quotient of the sampling rate of the signal generation module and the operating clock frequency of the data generation module, wherein the clock period and the operating clock frequency are derivatives. The signal generation module is used to output a corresponding pulse signal based on the waveform data. Specifically, the waveform data output by the data generation module is sent to the signal generation module, which converts it into a specific pulse signal and outputs it. The signal generation module can employ a DAC. The signal generation module has a preset sampling rate, and the first quantity of waveform data output by the data generation module within a single clock cycle needs to match the number of sampling points of the signal generation module.

[0056] For example, the sampling rate of the signal generation module is 1GHz, while the operating clock frequency of the data transmission module is 100MHz. Therefore, the data transmission module needs to output 10 waveform data points per clock cycle as sampling points for the signal generation module to match the number of sampling points of the data transmission module and the signal generation module, ensuring the accuracy of the pulse signal output by the signal generation module.

[0057] The data transmission module generates complete waveform data of the pulse signal based on the waveform coefficients sent by the host computer. These waveform coefficients include the initial amplitude of the rising edge of the pulse signal waveform, the amplitude increment, and the total amount of waveform data. Specifically, for each pulse signal to be applied to the spin qubit, the host computer determines the signal parameters according to the task when receiving the quantum computing task. That is, the host computer determines the initial amplitude, final amplitude, and amplitude increment of each pulse signal. The amplitude of each waveform data increases during the rising edge phase, and different pulse signal waveforms can be determined based on the amplitude increment between the waveform data of two adjacent signal waveforms.

[0058] The host computer determines the total amount of waveform data contained in the rising edge waveform based on the initial amplitude, the final amplitude, and the amplitude increment. This total amount of waveform data is then sent to the data transmission module, where the data generation module generates the corresponding number of waveform data. For example, if the initial amplitude is 0mV, the amplitude increment is 10mV, and the final amplitude is 2000mV, then the total amount of waveform data for the rising edge is 200. The data generation module outputs 10 waveform data points per clock cycle based on the operating clock frequency, for a total of 200 waveform data points, thus ensuring a final amplitude of 2000mV.

[0059] The host computer determines the starting amplitude and amplitude increment of the rising edge, and sends the total amount of waveform data for the rising edge to the data generation module based on the ending amplitude of the pulse signal. When generating waveform data, the data generation module outputs the corresponding number of waveform data according to the starting amplitude and amplitude increment. When the corresponding total number of waveform data is output, the amplitude of the last waveform data is the ending amplitude of the rising edge. This avoids the time-consuming and laborious calculation of the ending amplitude in the instruction processing system of the lower computer, thus improving the efficiency of quantum computing.

[0060] When the host computer determines the amplitude increment of the rising edge of a pulse signal waveform, it does so based on the pulse period of the rising edge of the applied pulse signal. A shorter pulse period results in a larger amplitude increment. The data generation module has a working clock cycle, and the amount of waveform data output in each working clock cycle is fixed.

[0061] When generating waveform data in the data generation module, the specific amplitude of each waveform data is determined based on the initial amplitude, the amplitude increment, and the current total waveform data. Specifically, the waveform data at the rising edge increases linearly, and for each waveform data, the amplitude increment is added sequentially. For example, the second waveform data is the sum of the initial amplitude and the amplitude increment, and the third waveform data is the sum of the second waveform data and the amplitude increment. The data generation module has a defined operating clock cycle and a first number of waveform data outputs within each cycle; therefore, the current total waveform data can be directly obtained.

[0062] It should be noted that the amplitude of linearly superimposed waveform data can be represented by a linear function: y = kx + b, where x is the total amount of current waveform data, k is the slope, and b is the initial amplitude. The slope indicates that adjacent waveform data have the same amplitude increment, and therefore the same slope. In actual implementation, the host computer does not directly send the slope parameter, but instead sends the initial amplitude, amplitude increment, and total amount of waveform data. The data generation module then generates a rising-edge waveform that conforms to a linear law.

[0063] In this embodiment, a method for determining the current total amount of waveform data is provided, specifically based on the first quantity and a count value; wherein, the count value is used to count the working clock cycles of the data generation module. For example, the data generation module outputs 10 waveform data per clock cycle, and the total number of waveform data currently generated and output by the data generation module can be determined based on the number of working clock cycles using the count value. By counting working clock cycles, the current total amount of waveform data can be determined simply and efficiently, confirming whether the required total amount of waveform data to be output as specified by the host computer has been reached.

[0064] As attached Figure 3 As shown, during the actual execution of timing operations, the instruction processing system also includes a timing module, which increments the count value by one for each additional clock cycle of the data generation module. For example, if the data generation module needs to output a total of 200 waveform data, and the data generation module outputs 10 waveform data per clock cycle, then 20 clock cycles are required. The timing module counts the working clock cycles of the data generation module until it reaches 20, at which point the required 200 waveform data are output.

[0065] As attached Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the instruction processing system further includes a data judgment module, used to determine whether additional sampling point data is needed based on the total amount of waveform data and the first quantity. Through the judgment of the data judgment module, it is ensured that the quantity of waveform data output in the last clock cycle matches the number of sampling points in each sampling cycle of the signal generation module, improving the integrity and accuracy of the waveform data. Furthermore, after the data generation module outputs waveform data, the state of the state activation module is updated to an idle state until the next waveform parameter instruction is sent by the host computer.

[0066] As one embodiment of this application, when the quotient of the total waveform data and the first quantity is an integer, the waveform data is directly output. When the quotient of the total waveform data and the first quantity contains a remainder, the remainder is padded to the first quantity, and the padded waveform data is output.

[0067] For example, the sampling rate of the signal generation module is 1GHz, the operating clock frequency of the data generation module is 100MHz, and the number of waveform data points output per clock cycle is 10. The total number of waveform data points on the rising edge of the pulse signal is determined and sent by the host computer. For example, if the initial amplitude is 0mV, the amplitude increment is 10mV, and the total number of waveform data points on the rising edge is 200, since the number of waveform data points output per clock cycle is 10, the data generation module can output exactly 200 waveform data points in the first 20 clock cycles. At this time, no additional waveform data is needed, and the output can be performed directly.

[0068] For example, with an initial amplitude of 0mV and an amplitude increment of 10mV, the total number of rising edge waveform data points is 204. This means the data generation module needs to output 200 waveform data points in the first 20 clock cycles and the last 4 waveform data points in the 21st clock cycle. Clearly, the waveform data output in the 21st clock cycle does not meet the required 10 points, which does not match the number of sampling points in the signal generation module; therefore, 6 more waveform data points need to be added. The amplitude of these 6 additional waveform data points can be fixed or arbitrary, depending on the specific scenario and requirements.

[0069] In addition, the amplitude of the waveform data that needs to be supplemented is generally a constant amplitude, which is sent from the host computer to the data generation module. When the data judgment module determines that additional sampling point data is needed, the data generation module supplements it according to the constant value.

[0070] With attachment Figure 5 As an example, the diagram illustrates the waveform data generated by the data generation module. The left column, numbered 1-10, indicates that the data generation module outputs 10 waveform data points within a single clock cycle, representing the first quantity. The four columns on the right show the waveform data output by the data generation module. The first column, numbered 10, represents the initial amplitude, with an amplitude increment of 10. The total number of waveform data points sent from the host computer is 35, corresponding to a final amplitude of 350. Based on the judgment principle of the data judgment module, if the quotient of the total waveform data output by the data generation module and the first quantity includes a remainder, then 5 additional sampling points are needed. The constant amplitude for these additional sampling points is set to 10.

[0071] In this embodiment, the state activation module, the data generation module, and the data judgment module are all functional modules integrated within the FPGA. By integrating the state activation module, data generation module, and data judgment module within the FPGA and communicating with a host computer, the FPGA generates corresponding waveform data based on waveform coefficients issued by the host computer and sends it to the signal generation module. Furthermore, the waveform coefficients can be adjusted in real time according to control needs to output waveform data of various required pulse signals. In addition, the signal generation module 30 of this application can employ a DAC unit, communicating with the data generation module within the FPGA, and outputting corresponding pulse waveforms based on the received waveform data.

[0072] As attached Figure 6 As shown, based on the same concept, this application also provides an instruction processing method for a quantum computer, used to output waveform data of pulse signals for manipulating spin qubits, specifically including the following steps:

[0073] Step S10: Send a data output request according to the waveform parameter command sent by the host computer; wherein, the waveform parameter command includes the waveform coefficients of the pulse signal waveform.

[0074] Step S20: Respond to the data output request and output the corresponding waveform data according to the waveform coefficients.

[0075] As attached Figure 7 As shown, based on the same application concept, this application embodiment also provides a quantum control system for a quantum computer, including any of the above-mentioned instruction processing system 2, host computer system 1, and signal generation system 3; wherein, the host computer system 1 is used to receive quantum computing tasks and issue corresponding waveform parameter instructions; the instruction processing system 2 is used to output waveform data of pulse signals according to the waveform parameter instructions; and the signal generation system 3 is used to output corresponding pulse signals according to the waveform data.

[0076] Furthermore, the quantum control system for a quantum computer in this application embodiment also uses the above-described instruction processing method to output waveform data of pulse signals.

[0077] The host computer system 1 receives quantum computing tasks and determines the waveform parameter instructions of the corresponding pulse signals according to the quantum computing tasks to be executed. The instruction processing system 2 in the lower computer generates waveform data of various pulse signal waveforms, and the signal generation system 3 outputs the corresponding pulse signals. This avoids the host computer system 1 from sending the complete waveform data of each pulse waveform, greatly reducing the amount of data sent by the host computer system 1 and improving the efficiency of quantum computing.

[0078] Based on the same concept, embodiments of this application also provide a quantum computer, including the above-described quantum control system and quantum processor, wherein the quantum processor performs quantum computation based on pulse signals output by the quantum control system.

[0079] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," or "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0080] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not constitute any limitation on this application. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions and content disclosed in this application without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of this application shall still fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An instruction processing system for a quantum computer for outputting waveform data of a pulse signal for manipulating a spin qubit, characterized by, Comprising: A state starting module for sending a data output request according to a waveform parameter instruction sent by a host computer; wherein the waveform parameter instruction comprises a waveform coefficient of a pulse signal waveform, and the waveform coefficient comprises a starting amplitude of a rising edge of the pulse signal waveform, an amplitude increment, and a total amount of waveform data; A data generation module for generating waveform data of a complete cycle of the pulse signal waveform according to the waveform coefficient and in response to the data output request and outputting the waveform data.

2. The instruction processing system for a quantum computer of claim 1, wherein, The data generation module outputs a first number of waveform data per clock cycle.

3. The instruction processing system for a quantum computer of claim 2, wherein, The first number is equal to a quotient of a sampling rate of a signal generation module and a working clock frequency of the data generation module, wherein the clock cycle and the working clock frequency are in a derivative relationship; and the signal generation module is configured to output a corresponding pulse signal according to the waveform data.

4. The instruction processing system for a quantum computer of claim 1, wherein, Each waveform data is determined according to the starting amplitude, the amplitude increment, and a current total amount of waveform data.

5. The instruction processing system for a quantum computer of claim 2, wherein, The current total amount of waveform data is determined according to the first number and a count value; wherein the count value is used to count the working clock cycle of the data generation module.

6. The instruction processing system for a quantum computer of claim 5, wherein, Further comprising a timing module for increasing the count value by one when the data generation module increases by one clock cycle.

7. The instruction processing system for a quantum computer of claim 2, wherein, Further comprising a data judgment module for judging whether sampling point data needs to be supplemented according to the total amount of waveform data and the first number.

8. The instruction processing system for a quantum computer of claim 7, wherein, When the quotient of the total amount of waveform data and the first number is an integer, the waveform data is directly outputted.

9. The instruction processing system for a quantum computer of claim 7, wherein, When the quotient of the total amount of waveform data and the first number contains a remainder, the remainder is supplemented to the first number, and the supplemented waveform data is outputted.

10. The instruction processing system for a quantum computer of claim 7, wherein, The state starting module, the data generation module, and the data judgment module are all functional modules integrated in an FPGA.

11. An instruction processing method for a quantum computer for outputting waveform data of a pulse signal for manipulating a spin qubit, characterized by, Comprising: Sending a data output request according to a waveform parameter instruction sent by a host computer; wherein the waveform parameter instruction comprises a waveform coefficient of a pulse signal waveform, and the waveform coefficient comprises a starting amplitude of a rising edge of the pulse signal waveform, an amplitude increment, and a total amount of waveform data; Outputting corresponding waveform data according to the waveform coefficient in response to the data output request.

12. A quantum control system for a quantum computer, characterized by Comprising the instruction processing system, the host computer system, and the signal generation system according to any one of claims 1-10; The host computer system is configured to receive a quantum computing task and issue a corresponding waveform parameter instruction; The instruction processing system is configured to output waveform data of a pulse signal according to the waveform parameter instruction; The signal generation system is configured to output a corresponding pulse signal according to the waveform data; Or Outputting waveform data of a pulse signal by using the instruction processing method according to claim 11.

13. A quantum computer, comprising: Comprising the quantum control system and the quantum processor according to claim 12, wherein the quantum processor performs quantum computing based on the pulse signal outputted by the quantum control system.

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