An in-situ observation method and observation device for tidal flat sediment bedding

Abstract

This invention discloses an in-situ observation method and device for tidal flat sedimentary bedding, belonging to the field of tidal flat geomorphological sedimentary observation technology. The observation method includes: laying settlement plates on the tidal flat surface at the in-situ observation location of tidal flat sedimentary bedding; and laying new settlement plates on the sediment of the previous settlement plate at intervals based on the ebb and flow of the tide. After reaching a preset number of settlement plates, collecting the sediment on each settlement plate during low tide and retrieving the settlement plates; and quantitatively analyzing the bedding data and bedding characteristic indicators of the sediment on each settlement plate. The observation device includes a support frame with a timing control unit. The timing control unit includes a holder and a controller. The holder holds multiple layers of settlement plates, and the holder releases the settlement plates one by one according to the interval and the number of releases. This method can obtain the morphological characteristics of tidal flat sedimentary bedding under tidal conditions, providing strong support for the study of the formation process and carbon sequestration mechanism of tidal flat sedimentary bedding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tidal flat landform sedimentary observation technology, and in particular to an in-situ observation method and device for tidal flat sedimentary bedding. Background Technology

[0002] Tidal flats, located at the confluence of land and sea, are broad, flat shallows formed under hydrodynamic conditions primarily driven by tidal currents and composed of fine-grained sediments. They provide a variety of important ecosystem services, such as buffering sea-level rise and providing natural habitats for many rare and endangered wild flora and fauna. Due to their high primary productivity and carbon sequestration efficiency, they also play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle. Tidal flat ecosystems, covering less than 0.2% of the global ocean area, contribute approximately 50% of the global marine sedimentary carbon storage. However, due to the spatial heterogeneity of tidal flat distribution and the complexity of land-sea processes, a deeper understanding of tidal flat sedimentary processes and carbon sequestration mechanisms is still needed.

[0003] Tidal flat sedimentary bedding, as a carrier of carbon burial, manifests as a vertically interbedded sand-mud structure. Research on its formation mechanism and characteristics not only helps analyze geomorphological evolution and historical geographical succession but also provides crucial theoretical support for estimating tidal flat carbon sinks and determining carbon balance. However, current instruments and methods for observing tidal flat sedimentary bedding primarily rely on drilling and sampling of buried sediments. Furthermore, research focuses mainly on analyzing the deposition rate, sediment history, and geomorphological dynamics of the surface sediments below the tidal flat surface, while neglecting the observation devices and methods for tidal sedimentary bedding characteristics closely related to tidal timing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and provide an in-situ observation method and device for tidal flat sedimentary bedding. This method can acquire newly formed in-situ tidal flat sedimentary bedding, obtain the morphological characteristics of tidal flat sedimentary bedding under tidal conditions, and provide a theoretical basis for estimating carbon burial and determining carbon balance in tidal flat sedimentary layers based on sedimentary bedding characteristics and formation mechanisms. This provides a strong guarantee for the study of the formation process and carbon fixation mechanism of tidal flat sedimentary bedding closely related to tidal timing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention discloses an in-situ observation method for tidal flat sediment bedding, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Settlement plates were laid on the tidal flat at the in-situ observation location of tidal flat sediment bedding. New settlement plates were laid on the sediment of the previous settlement plate at intervals based on the ebb and flow of the tide. After the preset number of settlement plates was reached, the sediment on each settlement plate was collected during the ebb tide and the settlement plates were retrieved. The bedding data and bedding characteristic indicators of the sediment on each settlement plate were quantitatively analyzed.

[0007] Preferably, the fluctuation cycle is a daily fluctuation cycle or a monthly fluctuation cycle.

[0008] Preferably, the interval time is calculated as follows:

[0009] Tide level calculation formula:

[0010] h(t)=Hcos(ωt+φ)

[0011] Where h(t) represents the change of tide level over time, H represents the amplitude of the tide, ω is the angular frequency of the tide, and φ is the phase angle of the tide.

[0012] Formula for calculating the elevation of the in-situ observation location of tidal flat sedimentary bedding:

[0013] L=i×d

[0014] Where i represents the specific slope of the in-situ observation location of the tidal flat sedimentary bedding, and d is the distance from the in-situ observation location of the tidal flat sedimentary bedding to the average water depth 0 water level line.

[0015] Based on the two calculation formulas above, the sampling interval for tidal flat sedimentary bedding during a tidal cycle can be obtained:

[0016]

[0017] Where T int The unit is hours;

[0018] The formula for calculating the required number of settlement plates is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] T represents the total time required for in-situ observation, expressed in days.

[0021] Preferably, the locations for in-situ observation of tidal flat sedimentary bedding should be situated in the intertidal zone between the mean low tide line and the mean high tide line.

[0022] Preferably, the in-situ observation location for tidal flat sedimentary bedding should be a silty tidal flat where sedimentation is relatively obvious and the tidal flat sediments are mainly composed of silty clay. The in-situ observation location for tidal flat sedimentary bedding should be a natural bare beach area far away from salt marsh vegetation, benthic animals and human activity disturbance.

[0023] Preferably, when multiple in-situ observation locations for tidal flat sedimentary bedding are selected, these locations should be selected along a direction perpendicular to the shoreline, and the distance between them should be determined based on the slope of the beach.

[0024] Preferably, the bedding data includes the thickness and number of sedimentary bedding layers, and the bedding characteristic indicators include the measurement of sediment particle size and the relationship between the bedding data and the tidal water level corresponding to the bedding characteristic indicators, to obtain quantitative results.

[0025] Preferably, the particle size of the sediment samples on the upper and lower surfaces of the central sedimentary bedding is measured using a laser particle size analyzer, and the measurement is repeated three times for each sedimentary bedding sample.

[0026] A device for in-situ observation of tidal flat sedimentary bedding is also disclosed, which is applied to the above-mentioned in-situ observation method of tidal flat sedimentary bedding. It includes a support frame for vertically inserting into the in-situ observation position of tidal flat sedimentary bedding. The support frame is equipped with a timing control unit. The timing control unit includes a retainer and a controller. The retainer holds multiple layers of settlement plates that are slidably connected to the support frame. The retainer is located at the top of the support frame. The controller is used to input the interval time and the number of releases. Under the control of the controller, the retainer releases the settlement plates one by one according to the input interval time and the number of releases.

[0027] Preferably, the retainer includes a sliding frame, a double-track slide, a segmented fabric strip, and a winch for winding the segmented fabric strip. The sliding frame has horizontal grooves arranged sequentially from top to bottom. A first magnet and a second magnet, capable of attracting each other, are provided within each horizontal groove. The first magnet is fixed to the bottom of the horizontal groove, and the second magnet is slidably connected to the horizontal groove. The horizontal groove has interconnected openings. The winch and the double-track slide are mounted on the sliding frame. The double-track slide vertically passes through all the interconnected openings of the horizontal grooves. The two sides of the segmented fabric strip are slidably connected to the two tracks of the double-track slide. The sliding path of the segmented fabric strip is located between the first magnet and the second magnet. The segmented fabric strip is used to intercept the second magnet at a preset position. The second magnet at the preset position can support the settling plate. A counterweight is provided at the bottom of the segmented fabric strip. The winch is electrically connected to the controller.

[0028] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0029] This invention can accurately obtain the in-situ sedimentary bedding of newly formed tidal flats, obtain the morphological characteristics of tidal flat sedimentary bedding under tidal conditions, and provide a theoretical basis for estimating carbon burial and determining carbon balance in tidal flat sedimentary layers based on sedimentary bedding characteristics and formation mechanisms. It provides strong support for the study of the formation process and carbon fixation mechanism of tidal flat sedimentary bedding closely related to tidal time. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the in-situ observation device for tidal flat sedimentary bedding in the embodiment;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the timing control unit in the embodiment;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection relationship between the dividing fabric strips and the double-track slide in the embodiment;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of the in-situ observation device for tidal flat sedimentary bedding in the embodiment (releasing the first settling plate);

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of the in-situ observation device for tidal flat sedimentary bedding in the embodiment (seaside sediment deposition process);

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of the in-situ observation device for tidal flat sedimentary bedding in the embodiment (landside sediment deposition process);

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of the in-situ observation device for tidal flat sedimentary bedding in the embodiment (releasing the second settling plate);

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the results of the observed quantity and thickness of tidal flat sedimentary layers and their relationship with tides in the example.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Support frame; 2. Settling plate; 3. Timing control unit; 31. Controller; 32. Storage battery; 33. Sliding frame; 34. Winch; 35. Dividing strip; 36. Horizontal chute; 37. First magnet; 38. Second magnet; 39. Double-track slide. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] This embodiment provides an in-situ observation method for tidal flat sediment bedding, such as... Figures 1 to 8 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0043] Settlement plates 2 are laid on the tidal flat surface at the in-situ observation location of tidal flat sedimentary bedding. New settlement plates 2 are laid on top of the sediment from the previous settling plate 2 at intervals corresponding to the tidal rise and fall cycle. Once a predetermined number of settlement plates 2 are reached, the sediment on each settlement plate 2 is collected during low tide, and the settlement plates 2 are retrieved. The bedding data and bedding characteristics of the sediment on each settlement plate 2 are quantitatively analyzed. This method enables more accurate and rapid acquisition of newly formed in-situ tidal flat sedimentary bedding, providing strong support for research on the formation process and carbon sequestration mechanism of tidal flat sedimentary bedding closely related to tidal timing. The settlement plates 2 can be released manually or automatically using a corresponding device.

[0044] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the rise and fall cycle can be a daily rise and fall cycle (also known as a neap tide) or a monthly rise and fall cycle (also known as a spring tide).

[0045] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the interval time is calculated as follows:

[0046] Tide level calculation formula:

[0047] h(t)=Hcos(ωt+φ)

[0048] Where h(t) represents the change of tide level over time, H represents the amplitude of the tide, ω is the angular frequency of the tide, and φ is the phase angle of the tide.

[0049] Formula for calculating the elevation of the in-situ observation location of tidal flat sedimentary bedding:

[0050] L=i×d

[0051] Where i represents the specific slope of the in-situ observation location of the tidal flat sedimentary bedding, and d is the distance from the in-situ observation location of the tidal flat sedimentary bedding to the average water depth 0 water level line.

[0052] Based on the two calculation formulas above, the sampling interval for tidal flat sedimentary bedding during a tidal cycle can be obtained:

[0053]

[0054] Where T int The unit of measurement is hours;

[0055] The formula for calculating the required number of settlement plates is as follows:

[0056]

[0057] T represents the total time required for in-situ observation, expressed in days.

[0058] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the locations for in-situ observation of tidal flat sedimentary bedding should be situated in the intertidal zone between the mean low tide line and the mean high tide line.

[0059] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the in-situ observation location for tidal flat sedimentary bedding should be selected from silty tidal flats where sedimentation is relatively obvious and the tidal flat sediments are mainly composed of silty clay. The in-situ observation location for tidal flat sedimentary bedding should be selected from natural bare tidal flat areas that are far away from salt marsh vegetation, benthic animals and human activities.

[0060] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, when multiple in-situ observation locations for tidal flat sedimentary bedding are selected, these locations should be chosen along a direction perpendicular to the shoreline, and the selection distance should be determined based on the slope of the beach.

[0061] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the bedding data includes the thickness and number of sedimentary bedding layers, and the bedding characteristic indicators include the measurement of sediment particle size. The relationship between the bedding data and the tidal water level corresponding to the bedding characteristic indicators is used to obtain quantitative results.

[0062] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the particle size of sediment samples on the upper and lower surfaces of the central sedimentary bedding was measured using a laser particle size analyzer, with each sedimentary bedding sample being measured three times.

[0063] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the settlement plate 2 is made of lightweight, submersible material. The thickness of the settlement plate 2 is set as needed, usually around 1 mm.

[0064] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, taking the Nanhui tidal flat in the Yangtze River Delta, where the S2 tidal phase is dominant, as an example: the Nanhui tidal flat in the Yangtze River Delta is a semi-diurnal tidal flat dominated by silt with a relatively fast siltation rate.

[0065] First, the in-situ observation locations for tidal flat sediment bedding were selected: these locations are situated in the intertidal zone between the mean low tide line and the mean high tide line, and are natural, untouched tidal flats far from salt marsh vegetation, benthic animals, and human disturbance. Three observation points were selected at a slope of 1‰ along the Nanhui tidal flat profile, spaced 400m apart from the zero water level line in a direction perpendicular to the shoreline. The tidal amplitude at each of the three observation points was 3m.

[0066] Then, calculate the interval time and the number of releases:

[0067] According to the tidal level equation of S2 tidal constituent:

[0068]

[0069] Where h s2 (t) represents the change in the tide level of S2 confluence with time, H s2 The amplitude of the S2 tidal constituent is 3m, φ is the phase angle of the tidal constituent, and ω is the angular frequency of the tidal constituent.

[0070] Elevation of the location of the observation device:

[0071] L = i × d = 0.4 (m)

[0072] The sampling interval for tidal flat sedimentary bedding can be obtained:

[0073]

[0074] Based on the total time required for in-situ observation T = 30 (days), and the sampling interval T for sedimentary bedding... int Calculate the required number of settlement plates. Finally, 56 settling plates 2 were taken. Throughout the observation period, the settling plates 2 fell continuously at intervals, thus preserving the sedimentary bedding for each tidal cycle during the 30-day observation period;

[0075] Then, after the observation was completed, the sedimentation plate 2 was retrieved during the low tide period. The thickness and number of sedimentary bedding layers in each pair of sedimentation plates 2 were measured. Sediment samples from the upper and lower surfaces of the sedimentary bedding layers were taken and the particle size of the sediment was measured using a Malvern 3000 laser particle size analyzer. Each sedimentary bedding sample was repeated three times.

[0076] Finally, statistical analysis was conducted on the relationship between sedimentary bedding thickness, quantity, and sediment particle size, and their corresponding tidal levels. Curves were fitted to obtain quantitative results.

[0077] Based on the above technical implementation methods, the statistical results are as follows:

[0078] (1) Tidal currents are the main controlling factor in the formation of tidal flat sedimentary bedding. The thickness of the sedimentary bedding varies with the cycle of spring tides and neap tides. During spring tides, the thickness of tidal flat sedimentary bedding is 5-6 mm, while during neap tides it is 1-3 mm. Since thinner sedimentary layers are more easily eroded, the number of thinner tidal pairs formed in a single spring or neap tide cycle is usually less than the theoretical maximum.

[0079] (2) The periodic changes of spring and neap tides also correspond to the tidal rhythm layer structure in tidal flat sedimentary bedding, which consists of alternating layers dominated by coarse-grained sediment and layers dominated by fine-grained sediment. Sedimentary layers dominated by coarse-grained sediment tend to form during spring tides with relatively high tidal velocity, while sedimentary layers dominated by fine-grained sediment tend to form during neap tides with lower tidal velocity.

[0080] The comprehensive data show that, through the in-situ observation method of tidal flat sedimentary bedding, the morphological characteristics of tidal flat sedimentary bedding under different tidal environments were obtained, the formation mechanism and quantitative relationship of tidal flat sedimentary bedding were determined, and a theoretical basis was provided for estimating carbon burial and determining carbon budget in tidal flat sedimentary layers based on sedimentary bedding characteristics and formation mechanisms.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] This embodiment provides an in-situ observation device for tidal flat sediment bedding, such as... Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this method can be applied to the in-situ observation of tidal flat sediment bedding in Example 1. The observation device includes a support frame 1, which is vertically inserted at the in-situ observation location of the tidal flat sediment bedding. A timing control unit 3 is mounted on the support frame 1. The timing control unit 3 includes a holder and a controller 31. The holder holds multiple sets of sedimentation plates 2, which are arranged from top to bottom. Each settling plate 2 is slidably connected to the support frame. The holder is located at the top of the support frame 1. The controller 31 is used to input the interval time and the number of releases. Under the control of the controller, the holder releases the sedimentation plates 2 one by one according to the pre-input interval time and the number of releases. The sedimentation plates 2 slide down the support frame 1 under their own weight.

[0083] Work process:

[0084] First, select an in-situ observation location for tidal flat sediment bedding. Then, place the in-situ observation device at the location, specifically by vertically inserting the support frame 1 into the tidal flat surface at the observation location, with the support legs of the support frame 1 inserted to a certain depth (1-1.5m for stability). Next, input the interval time and the number of settling plates 2 to be released via controller 31, and press the start button on controller 31. Controller 31 controls the retainer to release the first settling plate 2, which falls naturally and adheres to the tidal flat surface. As the tide rises and falls, sediment will be deposited on the first settling plate 2. Then, after the first settling plate 2 has been released for a preset interval (one tidal cycle), the retainer will automatically release the second settling plate 2. The second settling plate 2 naturally slides down and adheres tightly to the sediment of the first settling plate 2, preserving the sedimentary bedding between the two settling plates 2 and preparing for the next tidal cycle. Finally, after all the settling plates 2 have been released, the sediment between the two settling plates 2 is collected during low tide, and the settling plates 2 and the entire in-situ observation device for tidal flat sedimentary bedding are retrieved. Throughout the observation period, the settling plates 2 continuously fall to a position level with the latest tidal flat surface at set intervals, thus preserving the sedimentary bedding between the settling plates 2. Quantitative analysis of the bedding data and bedding characteristics of the sediment between the two settling plates 2 allows for accurate and rapid acquisition of newly formed in-situ tidal flat sedimentary bedding, providing strong support for the study of the formation process and carbon sequestration mechanism of tidal flat sedimentary bedding closely related to tidal timing. Furthermore, the in-situ observation device for tidal flat sedimentary bedding can automatically release the settling plates 2, eliminating the need for manual placement.

[0085] Generally speaking, the sediment deposition process during high and low tides is roughly as follows: During high tide, the water carrying seaside sediments submerges the first settling plate 2, and the silt in the water is deposited on the first settling plate 2. During low tide, the water carrying landside sediments submerges the first settling plate 2, and the silt in the water is deposited on the first settling plate 2. Over time, the sedimentary layer between the two settling plates 2 will roughly be divided into a coarse-grained silt sedimentary layer and a fine-grained silt sedimentary layer, which are distributed one above the other.

[0086] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 8As shown, the retainer includes a sliding frame 33, a winch 34, a strip of fabric 35, and a double-track slide 39. The sliding frame 33 is mounted on the top of the support frame 1, and the winch 34 and the double-track slide 39 are mounted on the sliding frame 33. The winch 34 is used to wind up the strip of fabric 35. The sliding frame 33 has horizontal grooves 36 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. A first magnet 37 and a second magnet 38 that can attract each other are located within the horizontal grooves 36. The first magnet 37 is fixed to the bottom of the horizontal groove 36, and the second magnet 38 is slidably connected to the horizontal groove 36. The N pole of the first magnet 37 and the S pole of the second magnet 38 face each other, or the S pole of the first magnet 37 and the N pole of the second magnet 38 face each other. The horizontal grooves 36 have interconnecting openings, and the double-track slide 39 is vertically arranged and passes through all the connecting openings of the horizontal grooves 36. The two sides of the strip of fabric 35 are slidably connected to the two tracks of the double-track slide 39. The sliding path of the dividing strip 35 is located between the first magnet 37 and the second magnet 38. The dividing strip 35 is used to intercept the second magnet 38 at a preset position, where the second magnet 38 can support the settling plate 2. A counterweight is provided at the bottom of the dividing strip 35. The winch 34 is electrically connected to the controller 31, and the controller 31 controls the winch 34.

[0087] Working principle:

[0088] Initially, the dividing strip 35 is in an extended state and positioned between all the first magnets 37 and the second magnets 38. Under the action of the counterweight and the double-rail slide 39, the dividing strip 35 is kept taut to intercept the second magnets 38 at their preset positions. After inputting the interval time and release quantity, the start button on the controller 31 is pressed, and the winch 34 retracts the dividing strip 35, causing it to move upwards a preset distance until the bottom of the dividing strip 35 reaches the second magnet 38 supporting the first settling plate 2 and the second settling plate 38. Between the second magnets 38 of plate 2, since the second magnets 38 supporting the first settling plate 2 are no longer blocked by the dividing strips 35, under the attraction of the first magnet 37, the second magnets 38 slide along the horizontal slide 36 and are attracted to the first magnet 37. The second magnets 38 are retracted into the horizontal slide 36, so that the first settling plate 2 loses its support and then slides down the support frame 1 naturally. As the interval time arrives, the winch 34 will rewind the dividing strips 35 again, thereby releasing the next settling plate 2, until the preset number of settling plates 2 are released.

[0089] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the timing control unit 3 also includes a battery 32, the storage capacity of which must be greater than the total amount of power required to release the settling plates 2. For example, if there are a total of 56 settling plates 2, then the total capacity of the battery 32 must be at least 10400mAh. The battery 32 can be a four-cell lithium-ion battery (3.6V, 2600mAh).

[0090] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the settlement plate 2 is made of lightweight, submersible material. The thickness of the settlement plate 2 is set as needed, usually around 1 mm.

[0091] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for in-situ observation of tidal flat sedimentary bedding, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Settlement plates were laid on the tidal flat surface at the in-situ observation location of tidal flat sediment bedding. New settlement plates were laid on the sediment of the previous settlement plate at intervals based on the ebb and flow of the tide. After the preset number of settlement plates was reached, the sediment on each settlement plate was collected during the low tide and the settlement plates were retrieved. The bedding data and bedding characteristic indicators of the sediment on each settlement plate were quantitatively analyzed.

2. The in-situ observation method for tidal flat sedimentary bedding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tidal cycle can be the daily tidal cycle or the monthly neap tide cycle.

3. The in-situ observation method for tidal flat sedimentary bedding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interval time is calculated as follows: Tide level calculation formula: h(t)=Hcos(ωt+φ) Where h(t) represents the change of tide level over time, H represents the amplitude of the tide, ω is the angular frequency of the tide, and φ is the phase angle of the tide. Formula for calculating the elevation of the in-situ observation location of tidal flat sedimentary bedding: L=i×d Where i represents the specific slope of the in-situ observation location of the tidal flat sedimentary bedding, and d is the distance from the in-situ observation location of the tidal flat sedimentary bedding to the average water depth 0 water level line. Based on the two calculation formulas above, the sampling interval for tidal flat sedimentary bedding during a tidal cycle can be obtained: Where T int The unit is hours; The formula for calculating the required number of settlement plates is as follows: T represents the total time required for in-situ observation, expressed in days.

4. The in-situ observation method for tidal flat sedimentary bedding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locations for in-situ observation of tidal flat sedimentary bedding should be situated in the intertidal zone between the mean low tide line and the mean high tide line.

5. The in-situ observation method for tidal flat sedimentary bedding according to claim 4, characterized in that, The in-situ observation location for tidal flat sedimentary bedding should be selected in an alluvial tidal flat where sedimentation is relatively obvious and the tidal flat sediments are mainly composed of silty clay. The in-situ observation location for tidal flat sedimentary bedding should be selected in a natural open beach area away from salt marsh vegetation, benthic animals and human activities.

6. The in-situ observation method for tidal flat sedimentary bedding according to claim 5, characterized in that, When multiple in-situ observation locations for tidal flat sedimentary bedding are selected, these locations should be chosen along a direction perpendicular to the shoreline, and the distance between them should be determined based on the slope of the beach.

7. The in-situ observation method for tidal flat sedimentary bedding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bedding data includes the thickness and number of sedimentary bedding layers. The bedding characteristic indicators include the measurement of sediment particle size. The relationship between the bedding data and the tidal water level corresponding to the bedding characteristic indicators is analyzed to obtain quantitative results.

8. The in-situ observation method for tidal flat sedimentary bedding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of sediment samples from the upper and lower surfaces of the central sedimentary bedding was measured using a laser particle size analyzer, with each sedimentary bedding sample being measured three times.

9. An in-situ observation device for tidal flat sedimentary bedding, characterized in that, The method for in-situ observation of tidal flat sedimentary bedding as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 includes a support frame for vertically inserting into the in-situ observation position of the tidal flat sedimentary bedding. The support frame is equipped with a timing control unit, which includes a retainer and a controller. The retainer holds multiple layers of settlement plates that are slidably connected to the support frame. The retainer is located at the top of the support frame. The controller is used to input the interval time and the number of releases. Under the control of the controller, the retainer releases the settlement plates one by one according to the input interval time and the number of releases.

10. The in-situ observation device for tidal flat sedimentary bedding according to claim 9, characterized in that, The retainer includes a sliding frame, a double-track slide, a segmented fabric strip, and a winch for winding the segmented fabric strip. The sliding frame has horizontal grooves arranged sequentially from top to bottom. A first magnet and a second magnet, capable of attracting each other, are located within each horizontal groove. The first magnet is fixed to the bottom of the horizontal groove, and the second magnet is slidably connected to the horizontal groove. The horizontal groove has interconnected openings. The winch and the double-track slide are mounted on the sliding frame. The double-track slide vertically passes through all the interconnected openings of the horizontal grooves. The two sides of the segmented fabric strip are slidably connected to the two tracks of the double-track slide. The sliding path of the segmented fabric strip is located between the first magnet and the second magnet. The segmented fabric strip is used to intercept the second magnet at a preset position. The second magnet at the preset position can support the settling plate. A counterweight is provided at the bottom of the segmented fabric strip. The winch is electrically connected to the controller.

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