Compressed air energy storage system and method of phase modulation of a compressed air energy storage system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electric energy storage systems, in particular to a compressed air energy storage system and a phase modulation method of the compressed air energy storage system, wherein the system comprises: a heat exchanger array; a plurality of turbine generator sets in parallel; and adjusting valves arranged on air inlet pipelines of the plurality of turbine generator sets and the heat exchanger array, the adjusting valves adjusting the total air inlet amount of the plurality of turbine generator sets; an air inlet valve and a pressure relief valve are arranged in front of each turbine generator set, wherein the air inlet valve adjusts the air inlet amount of each turbine generator set, and the pressure relief valve adjusts the capacity of the turbine generator set; and a controller is used for determining a phase modulation target of a power system according to voltage fluctuation and power demand of the power system, and controlling the adjusting valves, the air inlet valves and the pressure relief valves of each turbine generator set according to the phase modulation target. Therefore, the problems of limited energy storage capacity of a single machine structure of a compressed air energy storage system in a power system, slow mode switching process and influence on power generation efficiency and the like in the prior art are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage system technology, and in particular to a compressed air energy storage system and a phase adjustment method for the compressed air energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, new energy power generation technologies, represented by wind power and photovoltaic power generation, have developed rapidly. New energy will play a crucial role in building a low-carbon power system. However, the inherent uncertainties of wind and photovoltaic power have brought unprecedented challenges to power system operation, with the dynamic voltage support capability of conventional power sources in new energy bases being particularly prominent. Energy storage, as a primary means of peak shaving in new power systems, is increasingly important in power system energy balance. Compressed air energy storage technology is an emerging energy storage technology that stores pressure potential energy by compressing air. It features large capacity and long lifespan, and has broad application prospects. Furthermore, its expansion power generation section uses a synchronous motor, which can act as a synchronous condenser to provide dynamic voltage support for new energy bases.

[0003] In related technologies, the compression system is a steam-thermal-mechanical coupling system. The system's limited capacity leads to situations where the generated electricity cannot meet the demand for electricity. Furthermore, the switching between peak shaving and phase regulation modes is relatively slow, affecting power generation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a compressed air energy storage system and a phase adjustment method for the compressed air energy storage system, in order to solve the problems in related technologies such as the limited energy storage capacity of a single unit structure of a compressed air energy storage system in a power system and the slow mode switching process affecting power generation efficiency.

[0005] A first aspect of this application provides a compressed air energy storage system, comprising: a heat exchanger array; multiple turbine generator sets, wherein the multiple turbine generator sets are connected in parallel; a regulating valve is provided on the air intake pipes of the multiple turbine generator sets and the heat exchanger array, the regulating valve regulating the total air intake of the multiple turbine generator sets; a vent valve and a pressure relief valve are provided before each turbine generator set, wherein the vent valve regulates the air intake of each turbine generator set, and the pressure relief valve regulates the capacity of the turbine generator set; and a controller for determining the phase adjustment target of the power system based on voltage fluctuations and power demand of the power system, and controlling the regulating valve, the vent valve and the pressure relief valve of each turbine generator set according to the phase adjustment target.

[0006] Optionally, the heat exchanger array includes multiple heat exchangers.

[0007] Optionally, the plurality of turbine generator sets include at least one turbine and a generator, and the vent valve and the pressure relief valve are located before the first turbine.

[0008] A second aspect of this application provides a phase adjustment method for a compressed air energy storage system. The method is implemented using the compressed air energy storage system described in the above embodiments. The method includes the following steps: acquiring voltage fluctuations and power demand of the power system; determining the phase adjustment target of the power system based on the voltage fluctuations and power demand; and controlling the regulating valve, the vent valve of each turbine generator set, and the pressure relief valve based on the phase adjustment target.

[0009] Optionally, determining the phase regulation target of the power system based on the voltage fluctuation and electricity demand of the power system includes: identifying the electricity demand and voltage fluctuation of the power system at the current moment; and using the electricity demand and voltage fluctuation as indexes, calling a preset algorithm to predict the phase regulation target of the power system.

[0010] Optionally, before controlling the regulating valve, the vent valve of each turbine generator set, and the pressure relief valve according to the phase adjustment target, the method includes: determining a control command according to the phase adjustment target, wherein the control command includes a first to a third control command, wherein the first control command is multi-generator peak shaving to multi-generator phase adjustment; the second control command is multi-generator peak shaving to single-generator phase adjustment or single-generator peak shaving to single-generator phase adjustment; and the third control command is single-generator peak shaving to multi-generator phase adjustment.

[0011] Optionally, controlling the regulating valve, the vent valve, and the pressure relief valve of each turbine generator set according to the phase adjustment target includes: when the control command is identified as the first control command, controlling the regulating valve to reach a first preset opening degree; calculating the error value of the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set, and when the error value is greater than a preset threshold, controlling the pressure relief valve corresponding to each turbine generator set to reach the maximum opening degree; controlling the opening degree of the pressure relief valve to decrease according to the change of the error value in a gradient until the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set reaches a reference value, and then controlling the pressure relief valve to close.

[0012] Optionally, controlling the regulating valve, the vent valve, and the pressure relief valve of each turbine generator set according to the phase adjustment target further includes: when the control command is identified as the second control command, controlling the regulating valve to reach a second preset opening degree; calculating the error value of the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set, and when the error value is greater than a preset threshold, controlling the pressure relief valve of the corresponding turbine generator set to reach the maximum opening degree; controlling the opening degree of the pressure relief valve to decrease according to the real-time calculated error value and a gradient threshold until the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set reaches a reference value, and then controlling the pressure relief valve to close.

[0013] Optionally, controlling the regulating valve, the vent valve of each turbine generator set, and the pressure relief valve according to the phase adjustment target further includes: when the control command is identified as the third control command, controlling the regulating valve to reach a first preset opening degree and the vent valve to reach a maximum opening degree; calculating the error value of the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set, and when the error value is greater than a preset threshold, controlling the pressure relief valve of the corresponding turbine generator set to reach a maximum opening degree; controlling the opening degree of the pressure relief valve to decrease according to the real-time calculated error value and a gradient threshold until the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set reaches a reference value, and then controlling the pressure relief valve to close.

[0014] Optionally, calculating the error value of the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set includes: identifying the measured value of the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set; obtaining a reference value of the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set, wherein the reference value is determined according to the phase adjustment target; inputting the measured value and the reference value into a preset controller, and the preset controller outputting the error value.

[0015] Therefore, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) In this embodiment, a regulating valve can be installed on the intake pipe of the heat exchanger array and multiple turbine generator sets, and a vent valve and a pressure relief valve can be installed in front of each turbine generator set. Thus, on the basis of the combined structure, the capacity can be further expanded and its flexibility enhanced by the parallel dual-line turbine system structure, and the switching of modes can be adapted by the mutual cooperation of the regulating valve, pressure relief valve and vent valve.

[0017] (2) The embodiments of this application can determine the phase adjustment target of the power system according to the voltage fluctuation and power demand of the power system; control the regulating valve, the ventilation valve and the pressure relief valve of each turbine generator set according to the phase adjustment target, and use the synchronous correction method to realize the rapid switching of the compressed air energy storage system mode.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a compressed air energy storage system provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the turbine system in the compressed air energy storage system provided according to the embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a phase modulation method for a compressed air energy storage system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of mode switching control provided according to an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure description: Compressed air energy storage system 10, heat exchanger array 100, turbine generator set 200, regulating valve 300, vent valve 400, pressure relief valve 500. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0026] The compressed air energy storage system and its phase adjustment method according to embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Addressing the problems mentioned in the background art regarding the limited energy storage capacity of single-unit compressed air energy storage systems in power systems and the slow mode switching process affecting power generation efficiency, this application provides a compressed air energy storage system. In this method, regulating valves are installed on the intake pipes of a heat exchanger array and multiple turbine generator sets. Each turbine generator set is equipped with a vent valve and a pressure relief valve. This further expands the capacity and enhances the flexibility of the system based on a combined structure, through a parallel dual-line turbine system structure. The regulating valve, pressure relief valve, and vent valve work together to adapt to mode switching. Therefore, the problems of limited energy storage capacity of single-unit compressed air energy storage systems in power systems and the slow mode switching process affecting power generation efficiency in related technologies are solved.

[0027] Specifically, Figure 1 This is a flow block diagram of a compressed air energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the compressed air energy storage system 10 includes: a heat exchanger array 100, a turbine generator set 200, a regulating valve 300, a vent valve 400, a pressure relief valve 500, and a controller.

[0029] The system includes multiple turbine generator sets 200 connected in parallel. A regulating valve 300 is installed on the intake pipes of the multiple turbine generator sets 200 and the heat exchanger array 100, regulating the total intake air volume of the multiple turbine generator sets 200. Each turbine generator set 200 is equipped with a vent valve 400 and a pressure relief valve 500, whereby the vent valve 400 regulates the intake air volume of each turbine generator set 200, and the pressure relief valve 500 regulates the capacity of the turbine generator set 200. A controller is used to determine the phase regulation target of the power system based on voltage fluctuations and power demand, and controls the regulating valve 300, the vent valve 400 of each turbine generator set 200, and the pressure relief valve 500 according to the phase regulation target.

[0030] The heat exchanger array 100 includes multiple heat exchangers.

[0031] The multiple turbine generator sets 200 include at least one turbine and a generator, with a vent valve 400 and a pressure relief valve 500 located before the first turbine.

[0032] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, regulating valves 300 can be installed on the intake pipes of the heat exchanger array 100 and multiple turbine generator sets 200, and each turbine generator set 200 can be equipped with a vent valve 400 and a pressure relief valve 500. Thus, based on the combined structure, the capacity can be further expanded and its flexibility enhanced by the parallel dual-line turbine system structure. The switching of modes can be adapted by the mutual cooperation of the regulating valve 300, the pressure relief valve 400 and the vent valve 500.

[0033] According to the compressed air energy storage system proposed in the embodiments of this application, a regulating valve is installed on the intake pipe of the heat exchanger array and multiple turbine generator sets. Each turbine generator set is equipped with a vent valve and a pressure relief valve. Thus, based on the combined structure, the capacity is further expanded and its flexibility is enhanced by the parallel dual-line turbine system structure. The switching of modes is adapted by the mutual cooperation of the regulating valve, pressure relief valve and vent valve.

[0034] The following will combine Figure 2 The compressed air energy storage system of this application is further described below:

[0035] The compressed gas used in turbine power generation needs to be heated from a gas storage tank via a heat exchanger before entering the turbine to participate in power generation. However, the gas flow regulating valve is located between the gas storage tank and the heat exchanger. This results in a long time required for the regulating command to reach the generator output, making it difficult to quickly respond to grid phase adjustment commands. Therefore, a dual-valve-coordinated single-unit structure and a parallel multi-line system structure are established, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0036] A pressure relief valve is installed at the turbine inlet. After the adjustment command is issued, the gas flow regulating valve and the pressure relief valve adjust simultaneously to accelerate the response speed. A single expander can only increase the system capacity and flexibility to a certain extent, and cannot meet the needs of new power systems for large-scale energy storage capacity and flexibility. Therefore, a parallel multi-line approach is adopted to expand the system capacity. At the same time, an airflow channel and a vent valve are added between the two parallel units to further enhance its flexibility.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of a phase modulation method for a compressed air energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the phase modulation method of the compressed air energy storage system is implemented using the compressed air energy storage system described above, wherein the method includes the following steps:

[0039] In step S101, the voltage fluctuations and electricity demand of the power system are obtained.

[0040] It is understood that the embodiments of this application can obtain the voltage fluctuations and electricity demand of the power system in order to determine the phase regulation target of the power system based on the voltage fluctuations and electricity demand of the power system.

[0041] In step S102, the phase regulation target of the power system is determined based on the voltage fluctuations and electricity demand of the power system.

[0042] It is understood that the embodiments of this application can determine the phase regulation target of the power system based on the voltage fluctuation and power demand of the power system, so as to control the regulating valve, the vent valve and the pressure relief valve of each turbine generator set according to the phase regulation target.

[0043] It should be noted that the voltage fluctuations and electricity demand of the power system determine the phase regulation target, which can be single-machine phase regulation or multi-machine phase regulation.

[0044] In this embodiment of the application, determining the phase regulation target of the power system based on the voltage fluctuation and electricity demand of the power system includes: identifying the electricity demand and voltage fluctuation of the power system at the current moment; and using the electricity demand and voltage fluctuation as an index, calling a preset algorithm to predict the phase regulation target of the power system.

[0045] The preset algorithm can be selected according to actual needs, without specific limitations.

[0046] It is understood that, according to the embodiments of this application, a preset algorithm is invoked to predict the phase regulation target of the power system based on the power demand and voltage fluctuations, so as to control the regulating valve, the vent valve and the pressure relief valve of each turbine generator set according to the phase regulation target.

[0047] In step S103, the regulating valve, the vent valve and the pressure relief valve of each turbine generator set are controlled according to the phase adjustment target.

[0048] It is understood that, according to the phase adjustment target, the regulating valve, the ventilation valve and the pressure relief valve of each turbine generator set can be controlled by synchronous correction to achieve rapid mode switching of the compressed air energy storage system.

[0049] In this embodiment of the application, before controlling the regulating valve, the vent valve and the pressure relief valve of each turbine generator set according to the phase adjustment target, the method includes: determining a control command according to the phase adjustment target, wherein the control command includes a first to a third control command, wherein the first control command is to switch from multi-machine peak shaving to multi-machine phase adjustment; the second control command is to switch from multi-machine peak shaving to single-machine phase adjustment or single-machine peak shaving to single-machine phase adjustment; and the third control command is to switch from single-machine peak shaving to multi-machine phase adjustment.

[0050] It is understood that the embodiments of this application can determine control commands based on the phase adjustment target. Different control commands correspond to different control methods, so as to realize the rapid switching of the compressed air energy storage system mode.

[0051] In this embodiment of the application, the control of the regulating valve, the vent valve and the pressure relief valve of each turbine generator set according to the phase adjustment target includes: when the control command is identified as a first control command, controlling the regulating valve to reach a first preset opening degree; calculating the error value of the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set, and when the error value is greater than a preset threshold, controlling the pressure relief valve corresponding to each turbine generator set to reach the maximum opening degree; according to the change of the error value, controlling the opening degree of the pressure relief valve to decrease according to the gradient until the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set reaches a reference value, and then controlling the pressure relief valve to close.

[0052] The first preset opening degree can be set according to the actual control requirements determined by the error value of the mass flow rate at the inlet of the turbine generator set. The preset threshold can be set according to the actual requirements. For example, the first preset opening degree can reach 50% or 60% of the total opening degree, and the preset threshold can be 10% or 20%, without specific limitations.

[0053] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, when the control command is identified as the first control command, the control regulating valve is controlled to reach the first preset opening degree, and the pressure relief valve corresponding to each turbine generator set is controlled to reach the maximum opening degree according to the error value of the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set; the opening degree of the pressure relief valve is controlled to decrease according to the change of the error value until the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set reaches the reference value, so as to realize the rapid switching of the multi-machine peak shaving to multi-machine phase shaving mode.

[0054] In this embodiment, the control of the regulating valve, the vent valve and the pressure relief valve of each turbine generator set according to the phase adjustment target further includes: when the control command is identified as a second control command, controlling the regulating valve to reach a second preset opening degree; calculating the error value of the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set, and when the error value is greater than a preset threshold, controlling the pressure relief valve of the corresponding turbine generator set to reach the maximum opening degree; controlling the opening degree of the pressure relief valve to decrease according to the real-time calculated error value and the gradient threshold until the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set reaches the reference value, and then controlling the pressure relief valve to close.

[0055] The first preset opening degree can be set according to the actual control requirements determined by the error value of the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set. For example, the first preset opening degree can reach 70% or 80% of the total opening degree, without specific limitation.

[0056] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the application, when the control command is identified as the second control command, the control regulating valve is controlled to reach the second preset opening degree; the pressure relief valve of the corresponding turbine generator set is controlled to reach the maximum opening degree according to the error value of the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set; the opening degree of the pressure relief valve is controlled to decrease according to the gradient threshold based on the real-time calculated error value until the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set reaches the reference value, so as to realize the rapid switching of multi-machine peak shaving to single-machine phase regulation or single-machine peak shaving to single-machine phase regulation mode.

[0057] In this embodiment, the control of the regulating valve, the vent valve of each turbine generator set, and the pressure relief valve according to the phase adjustment target further includes: when the control command is identified as a third control command, controlling the regulating valve to reach a first preset opening degree and each vent valve to reach a maximum opening degree; calculating the error value of the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set, and when the error value is greater than a preset threshold, controlling the pressure relief valve of the corresponding turbine generator set to reach a maximum opening degree; controlling the opening degree of the pressure relief valve to decrease according to the real-time calculated error value and the gradient threshold until the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set reaches a reference value, and then controlling the pressure relief valve to close.

[0058] It is understood that when the control command is identified as the third control command in the embodiments of this application, the control regulating valve is controlled to reach the first preset opening degree and each vent valve is controlled to reach the maximum opening degree; the pressure relief valve of the corresponding turbine generator set is controlled to reach the maximum opening degree according to the error value of the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set; the opening degree of the pressure relief valve is controlled to decrease according to the gradient threshold based on the real-time calculated error value until the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set reaches the reference value, so as to realize the rapid switching of the single-unit peak regulation to multi-unit phase regulation mode.

[0059] In this embodiment of the application, calculating the error value of the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set includes: identifying the measured value of the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set; obtaining a reference value of the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set, wherein the reference value is determined according to the phase adjustment target; inputting the measured value and the reference value into a preset controller, and the preset controller outputting the error value.

[0060] The preset controller can be selected according to actual needs, without specific limitations.

[0061] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the application, the error value can be calculated by inputting the measured value and reference value of the inlet mass flow rate of the turbine generator set to the preset controller, so as to control the various valves of the turbine generator set to the preset opening degree according to the error value, so as to realize the rapid switching of modes.

[0062] According to the phase adjustment method of the compressed air energy storage system proposed in the embodiments of this application, the phase adjustment target of the power system is determined based on the voltage fluctuation and power demand of the power system; the regulating valve, the air valve and the pressure relief valve of each turbine generator set are controlled according to the phase adjustment target, and a synchronous correction method is adopted to realize the rapid mode switching of the compressed air energy storage system.

[0063] The following will combine Figure 4 The phase adjustment method of the compressed air energy storage system of this application is described in detail. This application uses two turbine generator sets as an example for illustration, as follows:

[0064] The rapid mode switching control of the compressed air energy storage system is achieved by controlling the intake air volume regulating valve, the inter-machine ventilation valve, and the pressure relief valve. The controller consists of two parts: a judgment module and a control module.

[0065] The first part is the judgment module, which judges the current operating condition of the turbine and the power grid command. This application mainly discusses the process of switching the turbine system from peak shaving to phase regulation mode. Therefore, the turbine may have two operating conditions: single-machine peak shaving and multi-machine simultaneous peak shaving. To simplify the power grid command, it is briefly divided into two types: single-machine phase regulation and multi-machine simultaneous phase regulation. Therefore, there are four types: multi-machine peak shaving to multi-machine phase regulation, multi-machine peak shaving to single-machine phase regulation, single-machine peak shaving to multi-machine phase regulation, and single-machine peak shaving to single-machine phase regulation.

[0066] Since the instructions for switching from multi-unit peak shaving to single-unit phase regulation and from single-unit peak shaving to single-unit phase regulation are the same for a single unit, the same control mode is selected. It is stipulated that the instruction 1 is executed when switching from multi-unit peak shaving to multi-unit phase regulation, the instruction 2 is executed when switching from multi-unit peak shaving to single-unit phase regulation and from single-unit peak shaving to single-unit phase regulation, and the instruction 3 is executed when switching from single-unit peak shaving to multi-unit phase regulation.

[0067] The second part is the flow control module, which contains three control loops: instruction 1, instruction 2, and instruction 3.

[0068] The controller input is the setpoint m of the turbine inlet mass flow rate. ref The deviation from the measured value m is output. When command 1 is executed, the intake air volume regulating valve adjusts to the corresponding opening degree θ1 at the fastest speed. The deviation is output by the PID controller, where Δm 11 The pressure relief valve used to control the first turbine, Δm 12 The pressure relief valve used to control the second turbine initially had the largest deviation, Δm. 11 and Δm 12 Control the pressure relief valves to their maximum opening, then Δm 11 and Δm 12 All pressure relief valves are reduced and their openings are gradually reduced until they are closed.

[0069] When command 2 is executed, the intake air volume regulating valve adjusts to the corresponding opening degree θ2 as quickly as possible, and the deviation is output by the PID controller, where Δm 21 The pressure relief valve used to control the first turbine initially had the largest deviation, Δm. 21 Control the pressure relief valve to reach its maximum opening, then Δm 21 Reduce and control the opening of the corresponding pressure relief valve to gradually decrease until it is closed.

[0070] When command 3 is executed, the intake air volume regulating valve adjusts to the corresponding opening degree θ1 at the fastest speed, and the inter-machine ventilation valve is opened to its maximum. The deviation is output by the PID controller, where Δm 31 The pressure relief valve used to control the first turbine, Δm 32 The pressure relief valve used to control the second turbine initially had the largest deviation, Δm. 31 and Δm 32 Control the pressure relief valves to their maximum opening, then Δm 31 and Δm 32 All pressure relief valves are reduced and their openings are gradually reduced until they are closed.

[0071] In summary, to ensure rapid and stable operation during mode switching, this application requires the establishment of a suitable rapid mode switching method; taking the turbine inlet mass flow rate as the control target, a synchronous correction method is adopted to achieve rapid mode switching of the large turbine system.

[0072] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0073] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "N" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0074] Any process or method described in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or N executable instructions for implementing custom logic functions or processes, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as should be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this application pertain.

[0075] It should be understood that the various parts of this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the N steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or more of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0076] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the methods in the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0077] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A compressed air energy storage system, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: a heat exchanger array, wherein the heat exchanger array comprises a plurality of heat exchangers; a plurality of turbo-generator sets, wherein the plurality of turbo-generator sets are connected in parallel; an adjusting valve is arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the heat exchanger array and the plurality of turbo-generator sets, and the adjusting valve adjusts the total air intake of the plurality of turbo-generator sets; an air vent valve and a pressure relief valve are arranged in front of each turbo-generator set, wherein the air vent valve adjusts the air intake of each turbo-generator set, and the pressure relief valve adjusts the capacity of the turbo-generator set; a controller is used to acquire voltage fluctuation and power demand of a power system, determine a phase modulation target of the power system according to the voltage fluctuation and the power demand, and control the adjusting valve, the air vent valve and the pressure relief valve of each turbo-generator set according to the phase modulation target; wherein the control of the adjusting valve, the air vent valve and the pressure relief valve of each turbo-generator set according to the phase modulation target comprises determining a control instruction according to the phase modulation target, wherein the first control instruction is multi-machine peak regulation to multi-machine phase modulation, the second control instruction is multi-machine peak regulation to single-machine phase modulation or single-machine peak regulation to single-machine phase modulation, and the third control instruction is single-machine peak regulation to multi-machine phase modulation; when the control instruction is identified as the first control instruction, the adjusting valve is controlled to reach a first preset opening degree, and the pressure relief valve of each turbo-generator set is controlled to reach a maximum opening degree according to an error value of turbo-generator set inlet mass flow; when the control instruction is identified as the second control instruction, the adjusting valve is controlled to reach a second preset opening degree, and the pressure relief valve of the corresponding turbo-generator set is controlled to reach a maximum opening degree according to an error value of turbo-generator set inlet mass flow; when the control instruction is identified as the third control instruction, the adjusting valve is controlled to reach a first preset opening degree and each air vent valve is controlled to reach a maximum opening degree, and the pressure relief valve of the corresponding turbo-generator set is controlled to reach a maximum opening degree according to an error value of turbo-generator set inlet mass flow.

2. The compressed air energy storage system of claim 1, wherein, The plurality of turbo-generator sets comprises at least one turbine and a generator, and the air vent valve and the pressure relief valve are arranged in front of the first turbine.

3. A method of phase modulation of a compressed air energy storage system, characterized in that, The method is implemented by using the compressed air energy storage system according to any one of claims 1-2, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring voltage fluctuation and power demand of a power system; determining a phase modulation target of the power system according to the voltage fluctuation and the power demand; controlling the adjusting valve, the air vent valve and the pressure relief valve of each turbo-generator set according to the phase modulation target, wherein before the control of the adjusting valve, the air vent valve and the pressure relief valve of each turbo-generator set according to the phase modulation target, a control instruction is determined according to the phase modulation target, and the control instruction comprises first to third control instructions, the first control instruction is multi-machine peak regulation to multi-machine phase modulation, the second control instruction is multi-machine peak regulation to single-machine phase modulation or single-machine peak regulation to single-machine phase modulation, and the third control instruction is single-machine peak regulation to multi-machine phase modulation; wherein the control of the adjusting valve, the air vent valve and the pressure relief valve of each turbo-generator set according to the phase modulation target comprises: When the control instruction is identified as the first control instruction, the regulating valve is controlled to reach a first preset opening degree; an error value of the turbine generator set inlet mass flow is calculated, and when the error value is greater than a preset threshold, the corresponding pressure relief valve of each turbine generator set is controlled to reach a maximum opening degree; the opening degree of the pressure relief valve is controlled to decrease according to a gradient until the turbine generator set inlet mass flow reaches a reference value according to the change of the error value, and then the pressure relief valve is controlled to be closed. When the control instruction is identified as the second control instruction, the regulating valve is controlled to reach a second preset opening degree; an error value of the turbine generator set inlet mass flow is calculated, and when the error value is greater than a preset threshold, the corresponding pressure relief valve of each turbine generator set is controlled to reach a maximum opening degree; the opening degree of the pressure relief valve is controlled to decrease according to a gradient threshold until the turbine generator set inlet mass flow reaches a reference value according to the real-time calculated error value, and then the pressure relief valve is controlled to be closed. When the control instruction is identified as the third control instruction, the regulating valve is controlled to reach a first preset opening degree and the each vent valve is controlled to reach a maximum opening degree; an error value of the turbine generator set inlet mass flow is calculated, and when the error value is greater than a preset threshold, the corresponding pressure relief valve of each turbine generator set is controlled to reach a maximum opening degree; the opening degree of the pressure relief valve is controlled to decrease according to a gradient threshold until the turbine generator set inlet mass flow reaches a reference value according to the real-time calculated error value, and then the pressure relief valve is controlled to be closed. The error value of the turbine generator set inlet mass flow is calculated, including: identifying a measured value of the turbine generator set inlet mass flow; obtaining a reference value of the turbine generator set inlet mass flow, wherein the reference value is determined according to the phase modulation target; inputting the measured value and the reference value into a preset controller, and the preset controller outputs an error value.

4. The method of phase modulation of a compressed air energy storage system according to claim 3, wherein, The phase modulation target of the power system is determined according to the voltage fluctuation and the power demand of the power system, including: Identifying the power demand and the voltage fluctuation of the power system at the current time; Using the power demand and the voltage fluctuation as indexes, a preset algorithm is called to predict the phase modulation target of the power system.

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