Comprehensive treatment system and method for saline-alkali soil

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, in particular to a saline-alkali soil comprehensive treatment system and method.The saline-alkali soil comprehensive treatment system comprises a road inserted between improved land and a reservoir arranged in the middle of the improved land, and further comprises a desalination system, a fertilizer and water all-in-one machine is arranged between the reservoir and the ditch, fertilizer and water in the reservoir are mixed and discharged into the ditch through the fertilizer and water all-in-one machine, a solar panel is arranged at the top of the ditch, illuminating lamps and wind driven generators are arranged on the two sides of the road, and the solar panel and the wind driven generators are connected with an energy storage device. Compared with the prior art, according to the technical scheme, the crop yield is increased, meanwhile, energy is saved, and therefore the treatment cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali land improvement, and in particular to a saline-alkali land comprehensive management system and method. Background Art

[0002] Saline-alkali land refers to a type of land with excessively high salt and alkaline content in the soil. They usually have high salinity and high alkalinity, which have a negative impact on plant growth and crop yields. Saline-alkali land is usually formed in areas with arid climates and where the rate of water evaporation is greater than the rate of water replenishment, such as coastal areas, inland basins, and desert areas. There are two main reasons for the formation of saline-alkali land: salt accumulation and alkaline accumulation. In arid areas, the rate of water evaporation is greater than the rate of water replenishment, resulting in the inability to fully wash the salt in the soil, which accumulates in the soil. At the same time, alkaline substances in groundwater may also enter the soil through leakage and soaking, causing soil alkalinization. After determining the location of saline-alkali land, it is necessary to timely treat the saline-alkali land, otherwise it will have a negative impact on plant growth and crop yields, because high salinity and high alkalinity limit the ability of plant roots to absorb water and nutrients. High salinity will reduce the water penetration capacity in the soil and hinder the plant roots from absorbing water.

[0003] In the existing saline-alkali land management plan, fresh water flushing and the use of salt soil conditioners are generally used to improve the salt content of saline-alkali land. Since the improvement process of saline-alkali land is relatively long, there is nutrient loss in the saline-alkali land during the management process, which leads to low crop yields. In addition, the long management process consumes a lot of energy and the management cost is high.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a comprehensive management system and method for saline-alkali land, which can save energy and reduce management costs while increasing crop yields. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of low crop yield and high management cost in existing saline-alkali land management schemes, and now provides a saline-alkali land comprehensive management system and method.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: The present invention provides a comprehensive management system for saline-alkali land, comprising a road interspersed between improved lands and a reservoir arranged in the middle of the improved lands, ditches connected to the reservoirs are opened on both sides of the road, and a desalination system is also provided, the desalination system is connected to the reservoirs, a fertilizer-water integrated machine is arranged between the reservoirs and the ditches, and the fertilizer-water integrated machine mixes fertilizer with water from the reservoirs and discharges the mixture into the ditches; Solar panels are installed on the top of the ditch, and lighting and wind turbines are installed on both sides of the road. The solar panels and wind turbines are connected to energy storage devices, which provide power for lighting, fertilizer and water machines, and desalination systems.

[0007] Furthermore, lighting lamps and wind turbines are alternately arranged on the same side of the road, the energy storage device is an inverter battery pack, and a wind turbine is arranged at the edge of the improved land.

[0008] Furthermore, a grid-shaped support frame is provided on the top of the improved land, and a lighting lamp is provided on the support frame.

[0009] Furthermore, a nozzle is fixed on the support frame, the nozzle is connected to a pressure pump, and the pressure pump is connected to the energy storage device.

[0010] Furthermore, the energy storage device is an inverter battery pack.

[0011] Furthermore, water wells are opened around the improved land, and the desalination device is connected to the water wells.

[0012] The present invention also provides a saline-alkali land comprehensive treatment method, comprising any one of the saline-alkali land comprehensive treatment systems described above, specifically comprising the following steps: desalinating water pumped from underground on improved land using a desalination system and discharging the desalinated water into a reservoir; Use a fertilizer-water machine to mix fertilizer with water from the reservoir and discharge it into the ditch; Solar panels and wind turbines charge energy storage devices and turn on lights to extend the daylight hours for crops.

[0013] Furthermore, when the soil conditioner needs to be applied, the pressure pump is started to pump the soil conditioner to the nozzle, and the soil conditioner is sprayed into the soil through the nozzle.

[0014] The present invention provides a comprehensive management system and method for saline-alkali land. On the one hand, a reservoir can store desalinated improved land groundwater. When irrigation is needed, fertilizer and water are mixed and discharged into a ditch through a fertilizer-water integrated machine. The ditch discharges the mixed fertilizer and water into the improved land to complete irrigation. The fertilizer in the improved land will be absorbed by the crops, and the water will partially infiltrate and flow back into the improved land groundwater with the salt substances in the soil. Repeating the above steps can effectively reduce the salt-alkali content in the improved land. Since the fertilizer is discharged into the improved land together with the water, malnutrition of the crops can be prevented. On the other hand, solar panels and wind turbines are used to charge the energy storage device, so that green energy is used to extend the light time for crops, and electric energy is also provided for the fertilizer-water integrated machine and the desalination system. Compared with traditional technologies, this technical solution increases crop yields while saving energy, thereby reducing management costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2It is the cross-sectional layout diagram of the road and ditch of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the working principle of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a plan view of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure numerals: 1. Improved land; 2. Reservoir; 3. Ditch; 4. Desalination system; 5. Fertilizer and water machine; 6. Solar panel; 7. Lighting; 8. Wind turbine; 9. Energy storage device; 10. Support frame; 11. Nozzle; 12. Booster pump; 13. Road. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the technical means, technical features, invention objectives and technical effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below with reference to specific illustrations.

[0018] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a comprehensive management system for saline-alkali land, including a road 13 interspersed between improved lands 1 and a reservoir 2 arranged in the middle of the improved land 1, a ditch 3 connected to the reservoir 2 is opened on both sides of the road 13, and the cross-sectional shape of the ditch 3 is an inverted trapezoid, and also includes a desalination system 4, the desalination system 4 is connected to the reservoir 2, and a fertilizer-water integrated machine 5 is arranged between the reservoir 2 and the ditch 3, and the fertilizer-water integrated machine 5 mixes fertilizer with water from the reservoir 2 and discharges it into the ditch 3, and a solar panel 6 is arranged on the top of the ditch 3, which acts as a cover on the one hand, and provides solar power to the sun. The light plays a shielding role to prevent the evaporation of water in the ditch 3. On the other hand, it also makes full use of the space in the improved land 1 and improves the space utilization rate. The solar panel 6 is laid on the top of the ditch 3 and will not affect the crops from receiving radiation. Lighting lamps 7 and wind turbines 8 are arranged on both sides of the road 13. The solar panel 6 and the wind turbine 8 are connected to an energy storage device 9. The energy storage device 9 supplies power to the lighting lamp 7, the fertilizer and water integrated machine 5 and the desalination system 4. The wind turbine 8 and the solar generator cooperate with each other to generate electricity and charge the energy storage device 9 together, thereby meeting the electricity demand of various major power systems.

[0019] Preferably, the lighting lamps 7 and wind turbines 8 on the same side of the road 13 are alternately arranged, the energy storage device 9 is an inverter battery pack, the wind turbines 8 are fixed by screws on the edge of the improved land 1, and the wind turbines 8 are fixed by screws on the bottom surface around the improved land 1, which will not occupy the land area within the improved land 1 and will not affect the irrigation of the land and lighting.

[0020] Preferably, a grid-shaped support frame 10 is provided on the top of the improved land 1. The support frame 10 is fixed above the improved land 1 by pillars. A lighting lamp 7 is provided on the support frame 10. Lighting lamps 7 are provided on both sides of the ditch 3 and the support frame 10, which can ensure that the crops have sufficient light and receive light evenly, thereby ensuring the crop yield.

[0021] Preferably, the energy storage device 9 is an inverter battery pack.

[0022] Preferably, water wells are provided around the improved land 1, and the desalination device is connected to the water wells.

[0023] The present embodiment also provides a method for comprehensive management of saline-alkali land, including the above-mentioned comprehensive management system for saline-alkali land, which specifically includes the following steps: using a desalination system 4 to desalinate water extracted from the underground of the improved land 1, and discharging the desalinated water into a reservoir 2; using a fertilizer-water integrated machine 5 to mix fertilizer and water in the reservoir 2 and discharge them into a ditch 3; solar panels 6 and wind generators 8 charge the energy storage device 9, and turning on the lighting lamps 7 to extend the lighting time for crops.

[0024] When working, Figure 3 As shown, the desalination system 4 is started, and the desalination system 4 extracts and purifies the groundwater of the improved land 1 to obtain purified water. The reservoir 2 can store the purified water. When irrigation is needed, the fertilizer and water integrated machine 5 is started to mix the fertilizer and water and discharge them into the ditch 3. The ditch 3 discharges the mixed fertilizer and water into the improved land 1 to complete the irrigation. The fertilizer in the improved land 1 will be absorbed by the crops, and the water will partially infiltrate and flow back into the groundwater of the improved land 1 with the salt substances in the soil. With the repeated operation of the desalination system 4, the water will gradually take away the saline-alkali substances in the soil and be filtered out by the desalination system 4, thereby effectively reducing the saline-alkali content in the improved land 1. Since the fertilizer will be discharged into the improved land 1 together with the water, malnutrition of the crops can be prevented. At the same time, the solar panel 6 and the wind turbine 8 continuously charge the energy storage device 9, so as to extend the light time for the crops with green energy, and also provide electric energy for the fertilizer and water integrated machine 5 and the desalination system 4. Compared with the traditional technology, the technical solution increases the crop yield while saving energy, thereby reducing the management cost.

[0025] This technical solution adopts sprinkler irrigation technology (or drip irrigation technology), an intelligent integrated management and operation system for water, fertilizer and pesticides, and a reasonable field layout of lighting equipment suitable for crop growth, which increases the daily lighting time of crops, increases crop photosynthesis, improves crop yield and quality, and reduces growth time.

[0026] Wind power and photovoltaic power are set up near field roads and reservoirs, so they do not occupy arable land. Wind power, solar energy, production roads, etc. are reasonably arranged according to the situation of the land, and try not to occupy regenerated arable land, so as not to affect the planting and harvest of crops. The desalination system is equipped with pipelines for external discharge, and the farmland drainage system is designed for external discharge and reasonably arranged, so as not to affect the planting and harvest of crops. Desalination system water production, wind and photovoltaic water production, specifically include the use of temperature difference between the surface and underground temperature to produce water, as well as membrane water production and reverse osmosis water production. A variety of water production methods are combined to ensure the demand for agricultural water. The concentrated brine treated by the desalination system can be directly discharged for treatment, or it can be spread out in the salt field to make salt, or it can be made into chemical raw materials by salt chemical industry.

[0027] Electricity is generated through wind power and solar energy, combined with supporting facilities such as intelligent irrigation systems, water production systems, drainage systems and lighting facilities, to ensure the electricity demand for crop growth in saline-alkali land and desalination of saline-alkali land.

[0028] This technical solution is used for salinization soil treatment and is suitable for medium and severe saline-alkali land, such as coastal barren land, so as to change the physical and chemical properties of the saline-alkali soil, effectively improve soil compaction, low porosity, poor water permeability and air permeability, etc., which is conducive to the growth of crops. Due to the high humidity and high wind speed at the seaside, the wind force is basically above level 3, so the proportion of membrane water in irrigation water is relatively large. Moreover, this technical solution can improve saline-alkali land into dry-water rotation land and increase the area of ​​arable land.

[0029] Impact on the ecological environment: The development and utilization of saline-alkali land can be implemented in a comprehensive manner in large areas. The promotion of this system project can reduce the underground salt water level, thicken the crop growth layer, effectively avoid seawater backflow, and improve the ecosystem. Through the promotion of the comprehensive management system project, the people's transformation from extensive farming to intensive farming will be completely changed. Through land reclamation and construction, high-standard basic farmland with concentrated and continuous areas, complete facilities, high and stable yields, good ecology, strong disaster resistance, and compatible with modern agricultural production and management methods will be formed. Taking the current stock of saline-alkali land in Shandong as an example, the process of management can increase the cultivated land area by 8.9 million mu and increase grain production by 6.675 billion kilograms. Therefore, this management process has broad application prospects.

[0030] Embodiment 2: The similarities between this embodiment and the first embodiment are not repeated here. The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, preferably, a nozzle 11 is screwed on the support frame 10, and the nozzle 11 is connected to a pressure pump 12 through a hose. The pressure pump 12 is connected to the energy storage device 9 through an electric wire. When the saline-alkali land is desalinated through the desalination system 4, the salt content of the saline-alkali land can also be reduced by spraying soil conditioner. The nozzle 11 can spray the liquid soil conditioner into the improved land 1 to accelerate the treatment process of the saline-alkali land.

[0031] Preferably, when the soil conditioner needs to be applied, the pressure pump 12 is started to pump the soil conditioner to the nozzle 11, and the soil conditioner is sprayed into the soil through the nozzle 11.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. That is, any equivalent changes and modifications made according to the content of the patent application scope of the present invention should belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A saline-alkali land comprehensive management system, comprising a road (13) interlaced between improved land (1) and a reservoir (2) arranged in the middle of the improved land (1), and ditches (3) connected to the reservoir (2) are opened on both sides of the road (13), characterized in that: It also includes a desalination system (4), the desalination system (4) is connected to the water reservoir (2), a fertilizer and water integrated machine (5) is arranged between the water reservoir (2) and the ditch (3), and the fertilizer and water integrated machine (5) mixes fertilizer and water in the water reservoir (2) and discharges them into the ditch (3); A solar panel (6) is arranged on the top of the ditch (3), and lighting lamps (7) and wind turbines (8) are arranged on both sides of the road (13). The solar panel (6) and the wind turbine (8) are connected to an energy storage device (9), and the energy storage device (9) supplies power to the lighting lamps (7), the fertilizer and water integrated machine (5), and the desalination system (4).

2. The saline-alkali land comprehensive treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lighting lamps (7) and the wind turbines (8) are arranged alternately on the same side of the road (13); the energy storage device (9) is an inverter battery pack; and the wind turbines (8) are arranged at the edge of the improved land (1).

3. The saline-alkali land comprehensive treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A grid-shaped support frame (10) is arranged on the top of the improved land (1), and an illumination lamp (7) is arranged on the support frame (10).

4. The saline-alkali land comprehensive treatment system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A nozzle (11) is fixed on the support frame (10), the nozzle (11) is connected to a pressure pump (12), and the pressure pump (12) is connected to the energy storage device (9).

5. The saline-alkali land comprehensive treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage device (9) is an inverter battery pack.

6. The saline-alkali land comprehensive treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Water wells are drilled around the improved land (1), and the desalination device is connected to the water wells.

7. A method for comprehensive treatment of saline-alkali land, comprising any one of the saline-alkali land comprehensive treatment systems according to claims 1-6, characterized in that: The specific steps include: desalinating water extracted from underground in the improved land (1) using a desalination system (4) and discharging the desalinated water into a reservoir (2); A fertilizer and water machine (5) is used to mix the fertilizer and water in the reservoir (2) and discharge the mixture into the ditch (3); The solar panel (6) and the wind turbine (8) charge the energy storage device (9), and the lighting lamp (7) is turned on to extend the lighting time for the crops.

8. The comprehensive treatment method for saline-alkali land according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the soil conditioner needs to be applied, the pressure pump (12) is started to pump the soil conditioner to the nozzle (11), and the soil conditioner is sprayed into the soil through the nozzle (11).

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