A superhydrophilic polymer network composite material, its preparation method and application

Abstract

This invention provides a superhydrophilic polymer network composite material, its preparation method, and its applications. The superhydrophilic polymer network composite material includes a polymer network substrate having a network structure formed by polymers; a metal transition layer coated on the polymer network substrate; a metal porous layer coated on the metal transition layer, having a micro / nano porous structure; and a hydrophilic polymer layer comprising a hydrophilic polymer filled within the metal porous layer. The multilayer reinforced superhydrophilic polymer network composite material provided by this invention has high porosity, good hydrophilicity, and high water storage and capillary capacity, making it suitable for preparing heat exchanger cores and for applications in oil-water separation and other fields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of composite material technology, specifically relating to a superhydrophilic polymer network composite material, its preparation method and application, and a heat spreader. Background Technology

[0002] Polymer meshes possess advantages such as adjustable porosity, large specific surface area, and ease of processing, making them highly promising adsorption, filtration, and heat dissipation materials for applications in wastewater treatment, oil-water separation, and vapor chamber wicking. However, their poor hydrophilicity and insufficient capillary force limit their effectiveness in certain areas. For instance, in oil-water separation and vapor chamber wicking applications, good hydrophilicity and strong capillary force are key performance indicators, directly impacting liquid transport speed and efficiency. The strong hydrophobicity and poor wetting properties of polymer mesh surfaces make selective water adsorption in oil-water mixtures or rapid liquid conduction in vapor chambers difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve all or part of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0004] One objective of this invention is to provide a superhydrophilic polymer web composite material, comprising:

[0005] Polymer mesh substrate having a mesh structure formed of polymer;

[0006] A metal transition layer is applied to the polymer mesh substrate.

[0007] A porous metal layer is deposited on the metal transition layer and has a micro / nano porous structure;

[0008] The hydrophilic polymer layer includes a hydrophilic polymer filled within the porous metal layer, the hydrophilic polymer comprising one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, or polyvinylpyrrolidone.

[0009] The superhydrophilic polymer network composite material provided by this invention has the advantages of high porosity and good hydrophilicity, as well as good water storage capacity and capillary capacity. The functional layers complement each other and are coupled in multiple ways to form a multi-layered superhydrophilic polymer network composite material from bottom to top, which can be used in fields such as heat exchanger cores and oil-water separation.

[0010] In some embodiments, the micro / nanoporous structure is a capillary structure, with 20-50% of the pores being macropores with a diameter of 30 μm-300 μm, and 50-80% being micropores with a diameter of 100 nm-1000 nm. The diameter of the macropores increases in the direction away from the polymer mesh substrate. Compared to porous structures with a single pore size, the capillary structure formed by the combination of macropores and micropores can improve the penetration rate of liquid into the structure and the transport rate within the structure, thereby enhancing the hydrophilicity of the composite material of the present invention.

[0011] Compared to hydrophilic composite materials with metal as the substrate, the polymer mesh substrate used in this invention has good flexibility and processability, making it more suitable for irregularly shaped heat spreaders, oil-water separation membranes, etc.

[0012] In some embodiments, the hydrophilic polymer is attached to the pore walls of the micro / nanoporous structure, forming a hydrophilic polymer layer with a thickness of 5-10% of the pore diameter. Compared to the case where the hydrophilic polymer completely fills the pores, this invention further controls the filling thickness of the hydrophilic polymer layer in the pores of the micro / nanoporous structure, thereby giving the micro / nanoporous structure a certain water storage space, so that the composite material provided by this invention has both good water transport performance and water storage capacity.

[0013] In some embodiments, the porosity of the metal porous layer is 20-90%.

[0014] In some embodiments, the thickness ratio of the polymer mesh substrate, the metal transition layer, and the porous metal layer is 1–100:0.05–2:1–100. Through systematic research, this invention has found that when the thickness ratio of the polymer mesh substrate, the metal transition layer, and the porous metal layer is within this range, the resulting composite material not only has good water storage and capillary capacity, but also exhibits good bonding between layers, resulting in suitable overall strength and resistance to deformation. Specifically, if the metal transition layer is too thin, it will lead to unevenness, hindering subsequent coating deposition; if the metal transition layer is too thick, it will result in excessive coating stress, leading to significant deformation of the polymer mesh. Conversely, if the porous metal layer is too thin, the resulting porous structure will be discontinuous; if the porous metal layer is too thick, the resulting porous coating will have low strength.

[0015] In some embodiments, the thickness of the polymer mesh substrate is 50–200 μm.

[0016] In some embodiments, the thickness of the metal transition layer is 0.5–50 μm.

[0017] In some embodiments, the thickness of the porous metal layer is 10–200 μm.

[0018] In some embodiments, the mesh count of the polymer mesh substrate is 120 to 500 mesh. The mesh count of the polymer mesh substrate has a certain impact on water storage capacity and water permeability. If the mesh count is lower, it will result in a smaller water storage capacity and insufficient capillary action, affecting the heat dissipation of the heat exchange plate. If the mesh count is higher, it will result in a lower water permeability, affecting the oil-water separation performance.

[0019] In some embodiments, the polymer mesh substrate is made of one or more of polypropylene, polyethylene, or nylon.

[0020] In some embodiments, the material of the metal transition layer includes copper.

[0021] In some embodiments, the porous metal layer is made of copper.

[0022] In some preferred embodiments, the metal transition layer and the metal porous layer are both made of copper. Copper has good thermal conductivity and high deposition efficiency, and can form the copper layer with the micro-nano porous structure through electrodeposition.

[0023] In some embodiments, the thickness of the hydrophilic polymer layer is 1–10 μm.

[0024] In some embodiments, the contact angle between the superhydrophilic polymer web composite material and water is 0°.

[0025] A second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a superhydrophilic polymer network composite material, comprising:

[0026] At least one chemical plating method is used to form a metal transition layer on the surface of the polymer mesh substrate to obtain the first intermediate material;

[0027] At least one electrodeposition method is used to deposit a second metal on the surface of the first intermediate material to form a metal porous layer with a micro-nano porous structure, thereby obtaining the second intermediate material;

[0028] A hydrophilic polymer is filled into the porous metal layer to obtain a superhydrophilic polymer network composite material.

[0029] This invention utilizes chemical-electrochemical technology to encapsulate a metal transition layer and a porous metal layer onto a polymer mesh framework, enhancing its water storage capacity. A hydrophilic polymer layer is then constructed to further improve the hydrophilicity, water storage capacity, and capillary action of the composite material. Specifically, a uniformly deposited metal transition layer is first formed on the polymer mesh surface using chemical plating. This transition layer allows for good bonding between the subsequently electrodeposited porous metal layer and the transition layer, solving the problem that direct electroplating on the polymer mesh substrate cannot form a porous metal layer. Furthermore, the porous metal layer is formed using electrodeposition, allowing for adjustment of the plating thickness and pore size by controlling the electrodeposition parameters. This results in a micro / nano porous structure with a combination of macropores and micropores, where the macropore size increases in the direction away from the polymer mesh substrate.

[0030] In some embodiments, the electroless plating solution used includes a soluble salt of a first metal, a complexing agent, and a reducing agent, and the first metal forms the metal transition layer accordingly.

[0031] In some embodiments, the electroless plating process conditions include: a plating temperature of 50–80°C and a plating time of 5–120 min.

[0032] In some embodiments, the electroless plating solution comprises 5-25 wt% of a soluble salt of a first metal, 2-60 wt% of a complexing agent, and 0.1-15 wt% of a reducing agent.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first metal includes copper, that is, the material of the formed metal transition layer includes copper, and the electroless plating solution includes one or more of copper sulfate, copper chloride or copper nitrate, but is not limited thereto.

[0034] In some embodiments, the complexing agent includes one or more of the following: sodium potassium tartrate, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, sodium sulfosalicylate, or triethanolamine, but is not limited thereto.

[0035] In some embodiments, the reducing agent includes one or more of glyoxylic acid, formaldehyde, or dimethylaminoborane, but is not limited thereto.

[0036] In some embodiments, the electroplating solution used for electrodeposition includes a soluble salt and an acid of a second metal.

[0037] In some embodiments, the electrodeposition uses the first intermediate material as the cathode. The anode is made of phosphor bronze.

[0038] In some embodiments, the electrodeposition process conditions include: a current density of 5–200 A / dm³. 2 The temperature is 30-40℃, and the time is 5-300s.

[0039] In some embodiments, the electroplating solution comprises 2-20 wt% of a soluble salt of a second metal and 5-20 wt% of an acid.

[0040] In some embodiments, the second metal includes copper, that is, the material of the formed porous metal layer includes copper, and the electroplating solution includes one or more of copper sulfate and copper chloride, but is not limited thereto.

[0041] In some embodiments, the acid includes one or more of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid, but is not limited thereto.

[0042] In some embodiments, filling the metal porous layer with hydrophilic polymer specifically includes: immersing the second intermediate material in a solution containing hydrophilic polymer for 30-300 seconds and drying it to obtain the superhydrophilic polymer network composite material.

[0043] In some embodiments, the hydrophilic polymer includes one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, or polyvinylpyrrolidone, but is not limited thereto.

[0044] In some embodiments, the solution containing the hydrophilic polymer comprises 1 to 50 wt% of the hydrophilic polymer.

[0045] In some embodiments, the drying temperature is 30–60°C and the drying time is 5–60 min.

[0046] In some embodiments, the preparation method further includes pretreatment of the polymer mesh substrate, the pretreatment including alkaline washing of the polymer mesh substrate. For example, the polymer mesh substrate is placed in a 30wt% sodium hydroxide solution at 80°C for 5 minutes for alkaline washing to remove oil.

[0047] In a typical embodiment, the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0048] A copper salt, complexing agent, and reducing agent are mixed to obtain a chemical plating solution. The prepared chemical copper plating solution is placed in a constant temperature device to control the plating temperature and time. The polymer mesh is immersed in the chemical plating solution for plating to form a copper transition layer on the polymer mesh, thus obtaining the first intermediate material. After plating, the first intermediate material is rinsed and dried.

[0049] Using the first intermediate material as the cathode, the cathode and anode are placed in a copper electroplating solution to perform an electrodeposition reaction, so as to form a porous copper plating layer with a micro-nano porous structure on the copper plating layer, thereby obtaining the second intermediate material.

[0050] By filling the second intermediate material with a hydrophilic polymer, a multilayer reinforced superhydrophilic polymer network composite material is obtained.

[0051] In a more specific and typical embodiment, the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0052] (1) The pretreated polymer mesh is immersed in a chemical plating solution and chemically deposited at 50-80°C for 5-120 min to obtain the first intermediate material; the chemical plating solution includes 5-25 wt% of a first metal soluble salt, 2-60 wt% of a complexing agent and 0.1-15 wt% of a reducing agent;

[0053] (2) Immerse the first intermediate material and the phosphorus copper sheet in the electroplating solution to form an electrochemical working system with the first intermediate material as the cathode and phosphorus copper as the anode; connect the power supply and apply a current density of 5-200 A / dm² between the anode and cathode. 2 The current is applied, and the electrodeposition reaction is carried out at 30-40℃ for 5-300s to generate a porous metal layer with micro-nano structure, thus obtaining the second intermediate material; the electroplating solution includes 2-20wt% copper salt and 5-20wt% acid.

[0054] (3) Immerse the second intermediate material in a solution containing a hydrophilic polymer for 30-300 seconds, then remove it and dry it at 30-60°C for 5-60 minutes to obtain a multilayer reinforced superhydrophilic polymer network composite material; the hydrophilic polymer includes any one or a combination of two or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, and polyvinylpyrrolidone.

[0055] A third objective of this invention is to provide the application of the superhydrophilic polymer network composite material described in any of the above-mentioned technical solutions, or the superhydrophilic polymer network composite material prepared according to any of the methods described in any one of them, in the preparation of a vapor chamber liquid wick or in oil-water separation. The oil-water separation efficiency using the composite material is above 99%, and it has a high throughput.

[0056] A fourth objective of this invention is to provide a vapor chamber, particularly an irregularly shaped vapor chamber, comprising a shell and a liquid-absorbing core disposed inside the shell. The liquid-absorbing core comprises the superhydrophilic polymer web composite material described in any of the above-mentioned technical solutions or the superhydrophilic polymer web composite material prepared according to any of the methods described in any of the above-mentioned technical solutions. The temperature difference between any two points on the surface of the vapor chamber is small, below 3°C.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The multi-layered reinforced superhydrophilic polymer network composite material provided by the present invention has the advantages of high porosity and good hydrophilicity, and also has good water storage capacity and capillary capacity; wherein the functional layers complement each other and are coupled in multiple functions to form a multi-layered reinforced superhydrophilic polymer network material; the composite material is suitable for fields such as heat exchanger plate liquid absorption core and oil-water separation, and the temperature difference between any two points on the surface of the heat exchanger plate prepared with it is small, and the oil-water separation using it has high throughput and high separation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0058] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0059] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a superhydrophilic polymer network composite material in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 This is a SEM image of the superhydrophilic polymer network composite material in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 This is an image showing the water contact angle on the surface of the superhydrophilic polymer mesh composite material in Example 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the technical solutions of the present invention. The specific functional details disclosed herein should not be construed as limiting, but are merely intended to form the basis of the claims and to teach those skilled in the art to employ the representative basis of the invention in different ways in any suitable detailed embodiment.

[0063] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials and reagents used in the specific embodiments of this invention are commercially available.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] This embodiment provides a superhydrophilic polymer network composite material and its preparation method, specifically including:

[0066] (1) Pre-treatment of 150 mesh polypropylene mesh. The pre-treatment specifically includes: immersing the polymer mesh in a 30wt% sodium hydroxide solution at 80℃ for 5 minutes, and then ultrasonically cleaning it with deionized water for 5 minutes.

[0067] (2) The pretreated polymer mesh is immersed in the chemical copper plating solution system and chemically deposited at 50°C for 120 min to obtain a polymer mesh with a copper transition layer; the chemical copper plating solution includes 5 wt% copper sulfate, 2 wt% potassium sodium tartrate and 0.1 wt% glyoxylic acid.

[0068] (3) Using the prepared polymer mesh with a copper transition layer as the cathode and the phosphor bronze sheet as the anode, the cathode and anode are immersed in a copper electroplating solution comprising 2 wt% copper sulfate and 5 wt% sulfuric acid; the power supply is turned on, and a current density of 5 A / dm is applied between the anode and cathode. 2 The current was used to electrodeposit the polymer mesh-copper transition layer-porous copper coating composite material at 30℃ for 300s.

[0069] (4) The prepared composite material with polymer network-copper transition layer-porous copper coating was immersed in a solution containing hydrophilic polymer, which contained 1 wt% polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water as solvent; after immersion for 30 s, it was taken out and dried at 30 °C for 5 min to finally obtain a multi-layer reinforced superhydrophilic polymer network composite material.

[0070] In the composite material obtained in this embodiment, the thicknesses of the polypropylene mesh, the copper transition layer, and the porous copper plating are 50 μm, 10 μm, and 100 μm, respectively. The porosity of the porous copper plating is about 50%, of which the proportion of macropores with a pore size between 30 and 300 μm is about 20%, and the proportion of micropores with a pore size between 100 nm and 1000 nm is about 50%. Polyvinyl alcohol is attached to the pore walls of the micro-nano porous structure of the metal porous layer, not completely filling the pores, with a filling thickness of about 5% of the pore diameter. This makes the composite material have good hydrophilicity, as well as good storage capacity and capillary capacity.

[0071] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the superhydrophilic polymer network composite material prepared in this embodiment, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, it includes a polymer mesh substrate layer, a copper transition layer formed on the polymer mesh substrate layer by chemical plating, and a porous copper layer formed on the copper transition layer by electrodeposition, wherein the porous copper layer is filled with a hydrophilic polymer. Figure 2 This is a SEM image of the surface of the multilayer reinforced superhydrophilic polymer network composite material of Example 1.

[0072] Figure 3 This is an image showing the water contact angle on the surface of the multilayer reinforced superhydrophilic polymer network composite material. The water contact angle on the surface of the composite material prepared in this embodiment is 0°C.

[0073] Using copper sheets as the top and bottom covers of the heat spreader, and the multi-layered reinforced superhydrophilic polymer network composite material prepared above as the liquid absorbent core, the temperature difference between any two points on the surface is less than 3°C under a 5W test power.

[0074] The oil-water emulsion separation performance of the multilayer reinforced superhydrophilic polymer network composite material was tested, with a flux of 1500 L / m³. -2 h -1 The separation efficiency is 99.3%.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] This embodiment provides a superhydrophilic polymer network composite material and its preparation method, specifically including:

[0077] (1) Pre-treatment of 500 mesh polyethylene mesh. The pre-treatment specifically includes: immersing the polymer mesh in a 30wt% sodium hydroxide solution at 80℃ for 5 minutes, and then ultrasonically cleaning it with deionized water for 5 minutes.

[0078] (2) The pretreated polymer mesh is immersed in the chemical copper plating solution system and chemically deposited at 80°C for 5 min to obtain a polymer mesh with a copper transition layer; the chemical copper plating solution includes 25 wt% copper chloride, 60 wt% disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate and 15 wt% formaldehyde.

[0079] (3) Using the prepared polymer mesh with a copper transition layer as the cathode and the phosphor bronze sheet as the anode, the cathode and anode are immersed in a copper electroplating solution comprising 20 wt% copper chloride and 20 wt% hydrochloric acid; the power supply is turned on, and a current density of 200 A / dm is applied between the anode and cathode. 2 The current is used to electrodeposit the reaction at 40℃ for 50s to generate a porous copper coating with micro-nano structure, thus obtaining a polymer network-copper transition layer-porous copper coating composite material.

[0080] (4) The prepared polymer mesh with porous copper coating is immersed in a hydrophilic polymer solution containing 50 wt% polyethylene glycol and deionized water as solvent; after immersion for 300 s, it is taken out and dried at 60 °C for 60 min to finally obtain a multilayer reinforced superhydrophilic polymer mesh composite material.

[0081] In the composite material obtained in this embodiment, the thicknesses of the polyethylene mesh, the copper transition layer, and the porous copper plating layer are 100 μm, 5 μm, and 200 μm, respectively.

[0082] Tests showed that the water contact angle of the surface of the composite material prepared in this embodiment is 0°.

[0083] Copper sheets were used as the top and bottom covers of the heat spreader, and a multi-layer reinforced superhydrophilic polymer mesh composite was used as the liquid absorption core. After encapsulation, the temperature difference between any two points on the lower surface was less than 3°C during a 5W test power.

[0084] The oil-water emulsion separation performance of the multilayer reinforced superhydrophilic polymer network composite material was tested, with a flux of 1760 L / m³. - 2 h -1 The separation efficiency is 99.9%.

[0085] Example 3

[0086] This embodiment provides a superhydrophilic polymer network composite material and its preparation method, specifically including:

[0087] (1) Pre-treatment of 300 mesh nylon netting. The pre-treatment specifically includes: immersing the polymer netting in a 30wt% sodium hydroxide solution at 80℃ for 5 minutes, and then ultrasonically cleaning it with deionized water for 5 minutes.

[0088] (2) The pretreated polymer mesh is immersed in the electroless copper plating solution system and chemically deposited at 65°C for 60 min to obtain a polymer mesh with a copper transition layer; the electroless copper plating solution includes 10 wt% copper nitrate, 30 wt% triethanolamine and 5 wt% dimethylaminoborane.

[0089] (3) Using the prepared polymer mesh with a copper transition layer as the cathode and the phosphor bronze sheet as the anode, the cathode and anode are immersed in a copper electroplating solution comprising 10 wt% copper sulfate and 10 wt% hydrochloric acid; the power supply is turned on, and a current density of 100 A / dm is applied between the anode and cathode. 2 The current is used to electrodeposit the reaction at 35℃ for 150s to generate a porous copper coating with micro-nano structure, thus obtaining a polymer network-copper transition layer-porous copper coating composite material.

[0090] (4) The prepared polymer network-copper transition layer-porous copper plating composite material was immersed in a hydrophilic polymer solution containing 30 wt% polyvinylpyrrolidone and deionized water as the solvent. After immersion for 150 s, it was taken out and dried at 45 °C for 30 min to finally obtain a multi-layer reinforced superhydrophilic polymer network composite material.

[0091] In the composite material obtained in this embodiment, the thicknesses of the nylon mesh, the copper transition layer, and the porous copper plating are 50 μm, 5 μm, and 200 μm, respectively.

[0092] Tests showed that the water contact angle of the surface of the composite material prepared in this embodiment is 0°.

[0093] With copper sheets serving as the top and bottom covers of the heat spreader, and a multi-layered reinforced superhydrophilic polymer mesh as the liquid absorbent core, the temperature difference between any two points on the lower surface after 5W test power is less than 3℃.

[0094] The oil-water emulsion separation performance of the multilayer reinforced superhydrophilic polymer web material was tested, with a flux of 1640 L / m³. -2 h -1 The separation efficiency is 99.8%.

[0095] Example 4

[0096] This embodiment provides a superhydrophilic polymer network composite material and its preparation method, specifically including:

[0097] (1) Pretreatment of 200-mesh polypropylene mesh includes: immersing the polymer mesh in a 30wt% sodium hydroxide solution at 80℃ for 5 minutes, and then ultrasonically cleaning it with deionized water for 5 minutes.

[0098] (2) The pretreated polymer mesh is immersed in the electroless copper plating solution system and chemically deposited at 70°C for 40 min to obtain a polymer mesh with a copper transition layer; the electroless copper plating solution includes 5 wt% copper sulfate, 5 wt% copper chloride, 10 wt% triethanolamine, 5 wt% disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 3 wt% formaldehyde and 5 wt% dimethylaminoborane.

[0099] (3) Using the prepared polymer mesh with a copper transition layer as the cathode and the phosphor bronze sheet as the anode, the cathode and anode are immersed in a copper electroplating solution comprising 5 wt% copper sulfate, 5 wt% copper chloride, 5 wt% sulfuric acid, and 5 wt% hydrochloric acid; the power supply is turned on, and a current density of 100 A / dm is applied between the anode and cathode. 2 The current is used to electrodeposit the reaction at 35℃ for 150s to generate a porous copper coating with micro-nano structure, thus obtaining a polymer network-copper transition layer-porous copper coating composite material.

[0100] (4) The prepared polymer network-copper transition layer-porous copper plating composite material was immersed in a hydrophilic polymer solution containing 20 wt% polyvinylpyrrolidone and deionized water as the solvent. After immersion for 150 s, it was taken out and dried at 45 °C for 30 min to finally obtain a multilayer reinforced superhydrophilic polymer network composite material.

[0101] In the composite material obtained in this embodiment, the thicknesses of the polypropylene mesh, the copper transition layer, and the porous copper plating are 200 μm, 5 μm, and 100 μm, respectively.

[0102] Tests showed that the water contact angle of the surface of the composite material prepared in this embodiment is 0°.

[0103] With copper sheets serving as the top and bottom covers of the heat spreader, and multi-layer reinforced superhydrophilic polymer mesh composite material as the liquid absorbent core, the temperature difference between any two points on the lower surface after 5W test power is less than 3℃.

[0104] The oil-water emulsion separation performance of the multilayer reinforced superhydrophilic polymer network composite material was tested, with a flux of 1980 L / m³. -2 h -1 The separation efficiency is 99.7%.

[0105] Comparative Example 1

[0106] Comparative Example 1 is essentially the same as Example 1, except that: no chemical copper plating is performed on the polymer mesh, i.e., no copper transition layer is constructed. It was found that without first forming a copper transition layer by chemical plating, the subsequent porous copper plating layer cannot be electroplated on the polymer mesh, thus failing to obtain a complete multilayer reinforced superhydrophilic polymer mesh composite material.

[0107] Comparative Example 2

[0108] Comparative Example 2 is essentially the same as Example 1, except that: no electrodeposition of the polymer mesh containing the copper transition layer is performed, i.e., no porous copper plating is constructed; instead, the polymer mesh containing the copper transition layer is directly immersed in a solution containing a hydrophilic polymer. It was found that the hydrophilic polymer layer in the composite material prepared in this way is extremely prone to loss and failure.

[0109] Comparative Example 3

[0110] Comparative Example 3 was essentially the same as Example 1, except that no hydrophilic polymer layer was constructed. Testing showed that the initial water contact angle of the composite material prepared in Comparative Example 3 was 0°, but after 4 days of storage, the contact angle increased to 150°.

[0111] In addition, the inventors of this case also conducted experiments with other raw materials and conditions listed in this specification, referring to Examples 1-4, and finally obtained a multi-layered reinforced superhydrophilic polymer network material.

[0112] In summary, this invention uses a polymer mesh as a carrier, electroplating a porous metal layer with a porous structure onto the polymer mesh carrier layer using chemical-electrochemical deposition technology, and finally preparing a hydrophilic polymer layer with superhydrophilic effect by dip coating. The polymer mesh filled with hydrophilic polymer has high porosity and good hydrophilicity, and has high water storage capacity and capillary capacity. The advantages of each functional layer are complementary and multifunctionally coupled to form a bottom-up multilayer reinforced superhydrophilic polymer mesh material, which can be used in fields such as heat exchanger cores and oil-water separation.

[0113] All aspects, embodiments, features, and examples of this invention are to be regarded as illustrative in all respects and are not intended to limit the invention, the scope of which is defined only by the claims. Other embodiments, modifications, and uses will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

[0114] In addition, the inventors of this case also conducted experiments with other raw materials, process operations, and process conditions described in this specification, referring to the aforementioned embodiments, and obtained relatively ideal results in all cases.

[0115] Although the invention has been described with reference to illustrative embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various other changes, omissions, and / or additions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that elements of the embodiments can be substituted with substantially equivalents. Furthermore, many modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention to adapt particular situations or materials to the teachings of the invention. Therefore, this invention is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed for carrying out the invention, but rather is intended to encompass all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims. Moreover, unless specifically stated otherwise, any use of the terms first, second, etc., does not indicate any order or importance, but is used to distinguish one element from another.

Claims

1. A superhydrophilic polymer mesh composite, characterized in that, The application relates to a super-hydrophilic polymer net composite material. The super-hydrophilic polymer net composite material comprises the following components: a polymer net substrate, which has a net structure formed by a polymer and has a mesh number of 120-500; a metal transition layer, which is arranged on the polymer net substrate; a metal porous layer, which is arranged on the metal transition layer and has a micro-nano porous structure, a porosity of 20-90%, the micro-nano porous structure being a capillary structure, 20-50% of the volume of the holes being macro-holes with a hole diameter of 30-300 mu m, 50-80% of the volume of the holes being micro-holes with a hole diameter of 100-1000 nm, wherein the hole diameter of the macro-holes increases in the direction away from the polymer net substrate; a hydrophilic polymer layer, which comprises a hydrophilic polymer filled in the metal porous layer, the hydrophilic polymer comprising one or a combination of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol or polyvinylpyrrolidone, the hydrophilic polymer being attached to the hole wall of the micro-nano porous structure and forming a hydrophilic polymer layer with a thickness of 5-10% of the hole diameter on the hole wall.

2. The superhydrophilic polymer web composite of claim 1, wherein: The thickness ratio of the polymer net substrate, the metal transition layer and the metal porous layer is 1-100:0.05-2:1-100.

3. The superhydrophilic polymer web composite of claim 1, wherein: The material of the polymer net substrate comprises one or a combination of polypropylene, polyethylene or nylon; the material of the metal transition layer comprises copper; and the material of the metal porous layer comprises copper.

4. A method of producing the superhydrophilic polymer mesh composite according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The contact angle of the super-hydrophilic polymer net composite material with water is 0 degree. The application also discloses a preparation method of the super-hydrophilic polymer net composite material. The method comprises the following steps: forming a metal transition layer on the surface of a polymer net substrate by at least a chemical plating method to obtain a first intermediate material; 5. The method of claim 4, wherein: depositing a second metal on the surface of the first intermediate material by at least an electrodeposition method to form a metal porous layer with a micro-nano porous structure, thereby obtaining a second intermediate material; 6. The method of claim 4, wherein: filling a hydrophilic polymer into the metal porous layer to obtain a super-hydrophilic polymer net composite material.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein: The chemical plating solution used in the chemical plating comprises a soluble salt of a first metal, a complexing agent and a reducing agent.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein: The process conditions of the chemical plating include a plating temperature of 50-80 DEG C and a plating time of 5-120 min. The chemical plating solution comprises 5-25 wt% of the soluble salt of the first metal, 2-60 wt% of the complexing agent and 0.1-15 wt% of the reducing agent. The first metal comprises copper, and the chemical plating solution comprises one or a combination of copper sulfate, copper chloride or copper nitrate; 9. The method of claim 4, wherein: and / or the complexing agent comprises one or a combination of potassium sodium tartrate, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, sodium sulfosalicylate or triethanolamine; 10. The method of claim 4, wherein: and / or the reducing agent comprises one or a combination of glyoxylic acid, formaldehyde or dimethylaminomethylborane.

11. The method of claim 4, wherein: The process conditions of the electrodeposition include: current density of 5-200 A / dm 2 , temperature of 30-40℃, and time of 5-300 s.

12. The method of claim 9, wherein: The electroplating solution used in the electrodeposition comprises a soluble salt of a second metal and an acid. The electrodeposition takes the first intermediate material as a cathode, and the material of the anode is phosphor copper. The electroplating solution comprises 2-20 wt% of the soluble salt of the second metal and 5-20 wt% of the acid. and / or the second metal comprises copper, and the electroplating solution comprises one or a combination of copper sulfate, copper chloride; and / or the acid comprises one or a combination of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid.

13. The method of claim 4, wherein: The filling of the hydrophilic polymer into the metal porous layer specifically comprises: soaking the second intermediate material in a solution containing a hydrophilic polymer for 30-300 s, and drying to obtain the super-hydrophilic polymer mesh composite.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein: The solution containing the hydrophilic polymer comprises 1-50 wt% of the hydrophilic polymer.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein: The drying temperature is 30-60°C, and the drying time is 5-60 min.

16. Use of the super-hydrophilic polymer mesh composite of any one of claims 1-3 in the preparation of a wick for a vapor chamber or in oil-water separation.

17. A vapor chamber comprising a housing and a wick disposed inside the housing, characterized by: The wick comprises the super-hydrophilic polymer mesh composite of any one of claims 1-3.

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