Silt removal system and silt removal method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a dredging system, comprising: a first hull, traveling in the area of ​​the water body to be dredged; a lifting device, arranged on the first hull; a water-permeable scraper device, comprising: a shell, the rear end of which has a first opening and is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes; a bag body, which is stretched and fixed to the inner wall of the shell, and has a second opening, and the second opening is arranged toward the first opening; a first cable, the first end of which is connected to the output end of the lifting device, and the second end is connected to the front end of the shell. The dredging system integrates the first hull, the lifting device, and the water-permeable scraper device into one, and simultaneously realizes the functions of hull movement, permeable scraper device casting and traction, and sludge unloading. The structural design is ingenious, reducing equipment cost and energy consumption. At the same time, the permeable scraper device has the advantages of low disturbance and low water content when scraping and collecting sludge, and the lifting device can rotate to adjust the orientation of the permeable scraper device, and the dredging coverage is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sludge treatment, and particularly to a dredging system and a dredging method. Background Art

[0002] Water body dredging is the whole process of cutting, collecting, pumping, and transporting the sludge in rivers, lakes, etc. from the bottom to a specific area for centralized environmental protection treatment. The pollutants in the sludge are mainly distributed in the floating sludge and flowing sludge in the upper 0 - 20 cm of the bottom mud layer. The upper part is in a slurry state (floating sludge), and the lower part is in a fluid - plastic state (flowing sludge), with an odor, generally black or gray - black. The geological sedimentation age is relatively new, and the organic matter deposition rate is fast, which is the product of the impact of human activities (eutrophication or enclosure aquaculture) on the water environment in recent decades. This part of the sludge shows the characteristics of bed load, and is extremely easy to be lifted under the action of comprehensive dynamic factors such as wind waves and wind - driven currents, and gathers downwind under the action of wind boost.

[0003] The existing bottom mud dredging technologies mainly include hydraulic flushing + pump suction, dredging + filling / blowing by ship, stirring and suction, etc. These technologies not only have the harm of stirring the bottom mud and accelerating the release of nutrients in the sludge into the water body during the implementation process, but also the dredged sludge needs to be dehydrated, stacked, and landfilled, which occupies land resources and is prone to secondary pollution.

[0004] In view of the above drawbacks, it has been proposed to dig a certain number and depth of sludge capture ditches for bottom mud dredging. When the floating sludge and flowing sludge driven by natural water power pass through the ditches, they fall to the bottom of the ditches. For example, the Chinese invention patent application with the document number CN111411608A discloses a method for integrated cleaning, collection, and capture of pollutants and algal species on the lake bottom surface. This method is based on the simulation of the flow field of the lake to determine the water flow convergence area in the flow field, that is, the area where the water flow velocity decreases and the sediment carried by the water body is easy to settle. Sludge capture tanks are arranged, and the floating sludge and flowing sludge that settle are collected by using the natural carrying and sedimentation effects of the water flow. The amount of highly polluted sludge collected in the capture tank is regularly monitored, and at the same time, the sludge in the capture tank is removed regularly by means of an aquatic excavator, etc. The average annual sediment thickness of the sludge in the sludge capture tank is about 1.1 m, the dredging efficiency is extremely low, the process is complex, and the equipment cost is high.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background art section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and thus may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention disclose a dredging system and a dredging method to solve the problems of complex structure, process, and high equipment cost of the dredging system.

[0007] The technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0008] Dredging system, comprising: a first hull, traveling in the area to be dredged on the riverbed or lake bed; a permeable mud scraping device, comprising: a housing, having a first opening at the rear end, and provided with a plurality of permeable holes; a bag body, expanded and fixedly attached to the inner wall of the housing, having a second opening, and the second opening is arranged facing the first opening; a lifting device, rotatably arranged on the first hull, having a first cable, the first end connected to the output end of the lifting device, and the second end connected to the front end of the housing; wherein, the lifting device pays out the first cable, throws the housing to the bottom of the riverbed or lake bed to be dredged, the lifting device winds up the first cable, and pulls the housing to move towards the direction of the first hull at the bottom of the riverbed or lake bed to be dredged, and the housing scrapes the surface silt at the bottom of the riverbed or lake bed to be dredged into the bag body.

[0009] A further technical solution thereof is that the housing comprises: a bottom plate, which is a square plate; side plates, having two pieces, the lower ends connected to both sides of the bottom plate; a top plate, both sides connected to the upper ends of the side plates, and the front end connected to the front end of the bottom plate; a frame body, connected to the rear ends of the bottom plate, side plates and top plate; movable wheels, rotatably arranged on both sides of the frame body; wherein, the permeable holes are opened on the bottom plate, the two side plates and the top plate.

[0010] A further technical solution thereof is that the top plate is an arc-shaped plate, the shape of the side plates matches that of the arc-shaped plate, and the rear end of the bottom plate is inclined downward.

[0011] A further technical solution thereof is that the permeable mud scraping device comprises: a rotating shaft, passing through the frame body, and both ends connected to the movable wheels; and tooth portions are annularly arranged on the outer sides of the movable wheels.

[0012] A further technical solution thereof is that the bag body is a first filter bag, the first filter bag filters the water in the silt, the first filter bag is bolted to the housing, and is made of high-strength polypropylene material or nylon material, and the pore diameter is less than 1 mm.

[0013] A further technical solution thereof is that the lifting device comprises: a winch, rotatably connected to the first hull; a boom, hinged to the upper end of the winch; a track, which is circular, opened on the surface of the first hull 1, and concentric with the rotating shaft of the winch; a positioning frame, connected to the front end of the winch, and the lower end slidably connected to the track; a first pulley, rotatably arranged on the boom, for the first cable to pass through.

[0014] A further technical solution thereof is that a third winch is arranged at the front end of the winch, the third winch winds up and pays out a limit rope, the front end of the limit rope 28 is connected to a ring body, and the ring body is for the first cable to pass through.

[0015] A further technical solution is that the dredging system further includes: a second hull, which stays on the side of the first hull, and includes: a lifting basket, which is clamped on the upper end of the second hull and has a second through hole; and a second filter bag, which is sleeved in the lifting basket.

[0016] The invention also discloses a dredging method, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step S1, the first hull travels to the riverbed or lakebed to be desilted, and the lifting equipment throws the permeable sludge scraper device to the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be desilted;

[0018] Step S2, the lifting equipment pulls the water-permeable scraper device, and the water-permeable scraper device moves toward the first hull and scrapes the highly polluted silt on the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed into the bag body with low disturbance;

[0019] Step S3, the lifting equipment lifts the permeable sludge scraper device out of the riverbed or lakebed to discharge the sludge in the bag;

[0020] Step S4, adjusting the direction of the lifting equipment, and repeating steps S1 to S3 until all the silt in the riverbed or lakebed to be desilted area is removed.

[0021] Its further technical solution is that before the step of the lifting equipment of the first hull throwing the permeable sludge scraper device to the bottom of the riverbed or lake bed to be dredged, it also includes the following steps: Step S0, surveying the terrain and silt distribution at the bottom of the riverbed or lake bed, and determining the lowest point of the riverbed or lake bed and the area with the most silt as the area of ​​the riverbed or lake bed to be dredged.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] (I) The dredging system of the present invention comprises a first hull, a lifting device and a water-permeable scraper device. The lifting device unwinds the first cable and throws the shell to the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged. The lifting device reels the first cable and pulls the shell to move toward the first hull at the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged. The shell scrapes the surface silt at the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged and enters the bag body. The dredging system integrates the first hull, the lifting device and the water-permeable scraper device into one, and simultaneously realizes the functions of hull movement, water-permeable scraper device throwing and pulling, and silt unloading. The structural design is ingenious, reducing equipment cost and energy consumption.

[0024] At the same time, the permeable scraper device has the advantages of low disturbance and low water content when scraping and collecting silt. The lifting equipment can rotate and adjust the position of the permeable scraper device, and the dredging coverage is wide.

[0025] (2) The dredging method of the present invention, after positioning the area to be dredged on the riverbed or lake bed, realizes the complete removal of the silt in the area to be dredged on the riverbed or lake bed by circulating the process of throwing the permeable silt scraping device, towing the permeable silt scraping device to collect the highly polluted silt on the surface layer of the bottom of the riverbed or lake bed, and unloading the silt of the permeable silt scraping device. The dredging method of this embodiment omits the installation of silt traps, has a simple process, and high silt cleaning efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is an axonometric view of the dredging system of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the dredging system of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is an axonometric view of the permeable silt scraping device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the permeable silt scraping device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the permeable silt scraping device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of the dredging system of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a flow chart of the dredging method of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure:

[0034] 1. First hull; 11. Track; 12. Positioning pile; 13. Fourth winch; 14. Third cable; 2. Lifting equipment; 21. Winch; 211. First winch; 212. Second winch; 213. Second cable; 22. First cable; 23. Boom; 24. First pulley; 25. Positioning frame; 26. Second pulley; 27. Third winch; 271. Ring body; 28. Limit rope; 3. Permeable silt scraping device; 31. Housing; 311. Bottom plate; 312. Top plate; 313. Side plate; 314. Frame body; 315. Permeable hole; 32. First filter bag; 33. Rotating shaft; 34. Movable wheel; 341. Tooth part; 35. Bolt; 4. Second hull; 41. Basket; 42. Second filter bag. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0035] The following will describe the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

[0036] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the device proposed by the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. According to the following description, the advantages and features of the present invention will be clearer. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise scales, only for the purpose of facilitating and clearly assisting in explaining the objectives of the embodiments of the present invention. In order to make the objectives, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, please refer to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the structures, scales, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those who are familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention. Therefore, they do not have a substantial technical meaning. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present invention can produce and the objectives that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed by the present invention.

[0037] First Embodiment:

[0038] This embodiment discloses a dredging system.

[0039] Figure 1 Is an axonometric view of the dredging system of the present invention. As Figure 1 shown, the dredging system includes a first hull 1, a lifting device 2 and a permeable sludge scraping device 3.

[0040] The first hull 1 travels in the area to be dredged on the riverbed or lake bed.

[0041] Figure 2 Is a front view structural schematic diagram of the dredging system of the present invention. As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, the lifting device 2 is rotatably arranged on the first hull 1. Exemplarily, the lifting device 2 includes a winch 21, a boom 23, a track 11, a positioning frame 25, a pulley and a first cable 22. The winch 21 is rotatably connected to the first hull 1. The winch 21 includes a first winch drum 211, a second winch drum 212 and a second cable 213. The first end of the first cable 22 is connected to the first winch drum 211, and the second end is connected to the rear end of the housing 31. The first end of the second cable 213 is connected to the second winch drum 212, and the second end is connected to the boom 23. The second winch drum 212 winds and unwinds the second cable 213 to drive the boom 23 to rotate upward or downward. The boom 23 is hinged to the upper end of the winch 21 and is a truss structure with good tensile resistance. When the boom 23 rotates downward to the horizontal position, the front end extends a long distance from the first hull 1 to realize the throwing of the permeable sludge scraping device 3. The track 11 is circular and is opened on the surface of the first hull 1 and is concentric with the rotation axis 33 of the winch 21. The positioning frame 25 is a truss structure and is connected to the front end of the winch 21, and the lower end is slidably connected to the track 11. Preferably, the positioning frame 25 and the boom 23 are always in the same direction, which plays a limiting and guiding role for the winch 21, ensuring the cleaning of the surrounding sludge in a circular shape with the winch 21 as the center and ensuring the sludge treatment range. The first pulley 24 is rotatably arranged on the boom 23 for the first cable 22 to pass through.

[0042] Figure 3 Is an axonometric view of the permeable sludge scraping device of the present invention. Figure 4 Is a schematic side view structure of the permeable sludge scraping device of the present invention. Figure 5 Is a schematic front view structure of the permeable sludge scraping device of the present invention. As Figures 3 to 5As shown, the water-permeable scraper device 3 includes a shell 31 and a bag body. The rear end of the shell 31 has a first opening, and the shell 31 is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes 315. The bag body is stretched and fixed to the inner wall of the shell 31, and has a second opening, and the second opening is arranged toward the first opening. Exemplarily, the shell 31 includes a bottom plate 311, a side plate 313, a top plate 312, a frame 314 and a movable wheel 34. The bottom plate 311 is a square plate. The side plate 313 has two pieces, and the lower end is connected to both sides of the bottom plate 311. Both sides of the top plate 312 are connected to the upper ends of the side plates 313, and the front end is connected to the front end of the bottom plate 311. The frame 314 is square and is connected to the rear ends of the bottom plate 311, the side plates 313 and the top plate 312. The movable wheels 34 are rotatably arranged on both sides of the frame 314. Among them, the water-permeable holes 315 are provided on the bottom plate 311, the two side plates 313 and the top plate 312, so as to facilitate the further discharge of water in the sludge. Preferably, the top plate 312 is an arc-shaped plate, and the shape of the side plate 313 matches the arc-shaped plate, so as to increase the volume and water filtering area of ​​the water-permeable scraper device 3. The rear end of the bottom plate 311 is tilted downward, so as to facilitate better scraping of highly polluted bottom mud on the surface of the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed. The water-permeable scraper device 3 includes a rotating shaft 33, which passes through the frame 314, and is connected to movable wheels 34 at both ends. The movable wheels 34 have a certain width to prevent the front frame 314 from being excessively sunk into the sludge during the scraping process and being unable to be towed, and can also avoid obstacles to a certain extent when encountering obstacles during the scraping process. The bag body is a first filter bag 32, which filters water in the sludge. The first filter bag 32 is connected to the housing 31 with bolts 35, and is made of high-strength polypropylene material or nylon material, and the pore size is less than 1mm.

[0043] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, further, 6 to 8 teeth 341 are arranged at annular intervals on the outer side of the movable wheel 34, with a length not less than 5 cm and not more than 1 / 5 of the diameter of the movable wheel 34, which can improve the grip of the movable wheel 34 and avoid slipping.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, further, a third winch 27 is provided at the front end of the winch 21. The third winch 27 winds and unwinds the limit rope 28. The front end of the limit rope 28 is connected to the ring body 271, and the first cable 22 passes through the ring body 271. When the water-permeable sludge scraping device 3 is thrown, the third winch 27 unwinds the limit rope 28 so that the first cable 22 passing through the ring body 271 can be in a vertical state, ensuring that the water-permeable sludge scraping device 3 can be smoothly thrown. A second pulley 26 is rotatably provided at the front end of the positioning frame 25 for the first cable 22 to pass through. When the water-permeable sludge scraping device 3 is towed, the third winch 27 winds the limit rope 28 so that the first cable 22 passes through the second pulley 26, reducing the towing height from the front end of the boom 23 to the bottom of the river or lake to the distance from the front end of the positioning frame 25 to the bottom of the river or lake, making the towing direction of the water-permeable sludge scraping device 3 as close to horizontal as possible, so as to effectively exert the traction force, avoid the rear end of the water-permeable sludge scraping device 3 from tilting up, and ensure the sludge scraping effect.

[0045] Figure 6 This is a top view structural schematic diagram of the dredging system of the present invention. As Figure 6 shown, further, the dredging system further includes a second hull 4. The second hull 4 stays on the side of the first hull 1 and includes a basket 41 and a second filter bag 42. The basket 41 is clamped at the upper end of the second hull 4, and through holes are formed on the surface for water permeability. The second filter bag 42 is sleeved in the basket 41, and the second filter bag 42 collects the highly polluted sludge unloaded by the water-permeable sludge scraping device 3 and further filters the water therein.

[0046] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, further, the first hull 1 includes a positioning pile 12, a fourth winch 13 and a third cable 14. The positioning pile 12 is slidably arranged at the rear end of the first hull 1. The fourth winch 13 is arranged on the first hull 1 and is located on the side of the positioning pile 12. The first end of the third cable 14 is connected to the fourth winch 13, and the second end is connected to the positioning pile 12. The fourth winch 13 unwinds the third cable 14 to insert the positioning pile 12 into the bottom of the riverbed or lake bed to fix the hull during operation.

[0047] In this embodiment, the lifting device 2 unwinds the first cable 22 to throw the housing 31 to the bottom of the riverbed or lake bed to be dredged. The lifting device 2 winds the first cable 22 to tow the housing 31 to move towards the first hull 1 at the bottom of the riverbed or lake bed to be dredged. The housing 31 scrapes the surface sludge at the bottom of the riverbed or lake bed to be dredged into the first filter bag 32, and the first filter bag 32 filters the water in the sludge. The dredging system of this embodiment integrates the first hull 1, the lifting device 2 and the water-permeable sludge scraping device 3 into one, and simultaneously realizes the functions of hull movement, throwing and towing of the water-permeable sludge scraping device 3 and sludge unloading. The structural design is ingenious, reducing the equipment cost and energy consumption.

[0048] Meanwhile, the permeable sludge scraping device 3 has the advantages of low disturbance and low moisture content when scraping and collecting sludge. The lifting device 2 can rotate to adjust the orientation of the permeable sludge scraping device 3, with a wide dredging coverage area.

[0049] Second Embodiment:

[0050] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the dredging method of the present invention. As Figure 7 shown, the present invention also discloses a dredging method, including the following steps:

[0051] Step S0: Survey the terrain at the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed and the sludge distribution, and determine the lowest depression of the riverbed or lakebed and the area with the densest sludge as the area to be dredged on the riverbed or lakebed.

[0052] Specifically, a monitoring and early warning ship equipped with a dual-frequency depth sounder and a sidescan sonar cruises in the target area. The sidescan sonar and the dual-frequency depth sounder send sound waves around, and use an interference suppression algorithm to strengthen the sound waves; use a cross-positioning algorithm combining the dual-frequency depth sounder and the sidescan sonar to locate the lakebed basin in the target area; use the sidescan sonar to identify the sludge sub-map around the lakebed basin, and use a closed-loop detection algorithm to detect the sludge sub-map; use a sludge sounding rod to measure the lakebed depth and sludge thickness in the sludge distribution area; use surfer to quickly map the data of the dual-frequency depth sounder to generate a mapping of the cruise results on the real geographical location.

[0053] The above method is derived from the invention patent of the company with the patent number ZL202110520712.6 and the name "A Method for Rapid Location of Lakebed Basin and Rapid Determination of Sludge Distribution and Thickness".

[0054] Step S1: The first hull 1 sails to the area to be dredged on the riverbed or lakebed, and the lifting device 2 throws the permeable sludge scraping device 3 to the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged.

[0055] Specifically, the boom 23 rotates downward to the horizontal position, and the front end of the boom 23 extends a long distance out of the first hull 1. The third winch 27 pays out the limit rope 28, so that the permeable sludge scraping device 3 naturally hangs down under the action of gravity and is flush with the front end of the boom 23. The winch 21 of the lifting device 2 pays out the first cable 22, so that the permeable sludge scraping device 3 sinks to the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed.

[0056] Step S2: The lifting device 2 pulls the permeable sludge scraping device 3, and the permeable sludge scraping device 3 moves towards the direction of the first hull 1 and scrapes the highly polluted sludge on the surface layer of the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed into the bag body with low disturbance.

[0057] Specifically, the jib 23 rotates upward, and the third winch 27 winds up the limit rope 28, enabling the first cable 22 to pass through the second pulley 26. The winch 21 winds up the first cable 22, and the first cable 22 pulls the housing 31 to move towards the first hull 1 at the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged. The housing 31 scrapes the surface silt at the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged into the first filter bag 32. The first filter bag 32 filters the water in the silt, and then discharges it from the water permeable holes 315.

[0058] Step S3: The lifting device 2 lifts the permeable silt scraping device 3 out of the riverbed or lakebed and discharges the silt in the bag.

[0059] The winch 21 continues to wind up the first cable 22, lifts the housing 31 out of the riverbed or lakebed, and unloads the silt in the first filter bag 32 into the second filter bag 42 of the second hull 4, enabling the permeable silt scraping device 3 to be used again.

[0060] Step S4: Adjust the direction of the lifting device 2 and repeat steps S1 - S3 until all the silt in the area to be dredged of the riverbed or lakebed is cleared.

[0061] Specifically, rotate the winch 21 by a certain angle, and at the same time, the positioning frame 25 slides along the track 11, enabling the permeable silt scraping device 3 to cover the silt clearance within the circular area around the first hull 1.

[0062] In this embodiment, after positioning the area to be dredged of the riverbed or lakebed, by circulating the process of throwing the permeable silt scraping device 3, pulling the permeable silt scraping device 3 to collect the highly polluted surface silt at the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed, and unloading the silt of the permeable silt scraping device 3, all the silt in the area to be dredged of the riverbed or lakebed is cleared. The dredging method of this embodiment omits the installation of silt traps, has a simple process, and high silt cleaning efficiency.

[0063] The technical features of the above - described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brief description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above - described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

[0064] The above - described embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention. Their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A dredging system, characterized in that: include: The first hull (1) travels in the riverbed or lakebed area to be desilted; The water-permeable sludge scraping device (3) comprises: The shell (31) has a first opening at the rear end and is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes (315); The bag body is stretched open and fixedly attached to the inner wall of the shell (31), and has a second opening, wherein the second opening is arranged toward the first opening; A lifting device (2) is rotatably arranged on the first hull (1), and has a first cable (22), a first end of which is connected to an output end of the lifting device (2), and a second end of which is connected to a front end of the housing (31); The lifting device (2) unwinds the first cable (22) and throws the shell (31) to the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be desilted, the lifting device (2) reels in the first cable (22) and pulls the shell (31) to move at the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be desilted toward the first hull (1), and the shell (31) scrapes the surface silt at the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be desilted and enters the bag body; The housing (31) comprises: The bottom plate (311) is a square plate; The side plates (313) are composed of two pieces, and the lower ends thereof are connected to the two sides of the bottom plate (311); A top plate (312), with two sides connected to the upper ends of the side plates (313), and a front end connected to the front end of the bottom plate (311); A frame (314) connected to the rear ends of the bottom plate (311), the side plates (313) and the top plate (312); Movable wheels (34) rotatably arranged on both sides of the frame (314); The water permeable holes (315) are formed on the bottom plate (311), the two side plates (313) and the top plate (312); The water-permeable mud scraper device (3) comprises: a rotating shaft (33) passing through the frame (314) and having two ends connected to the movable wheel (34); a tooth portion (341) is provided in an annular shape on the outer side of the movable wheel (34); The lifting equipment (2) comprises: a winch (21) rotatably connected to the first hull (1); A boom (23) hinged to the upper end of the winch (21); The track (11) is circular and is provided on the surface of the first hull (1) and is concentric with the rotating shaft (33) of the winch (21); A positioning frame (25) connected to the front end of the hoist (21), with a lower end slidably connected to the track (11); a first pulley (24) rotatably disposed on the boom (23) and allowing the first cable (22) to pass through; A third winch (27) is disposed at the front end of the hoist (21), and the third winch (27) reels in and unreels a limit rope (28). The front end of the limit rope (28) is connected to a ring body (271), and the ring body (271) allows the first cable (22) to pass through. The desilting system further comprises: The second hull (4) is located on the side of the first hull (1), and comprises: A basket (41) is clamped on the upper end of the second hull (4) and has a second through hole; The second filter bag (42) is sleeved in the basket (41).

2. The dredging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top plate (312) is an arc-shaped plate, the shape of the side plate (313) matches the arc-shaped plate, and the rear end of the bottom plate (311) is arranged to be tilted downward.

3. The dredging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bag body is a first filter bag (32), the first filter bag (32) filters moisture in the sludge, the first filter bag (32) is connected to the housing (31) by bolts (35), and is made of high-strength polypropylene material or nylon material, with a pore size of less than 1 mm.

4. A dredging method using the dredging system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, the first hull (1) travels to the riverbed or lakebed area to be desilted, and the lifting equipment (2) throws the permeable sludge scraper (3) to the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be desilted; Step S2, the lifting device (2) pulls the water-permeable sludge scraping device (3), and the water-permeable sludge scraping device (3) moves toward the first hull (1) and scrapes the highly polluted sludge on the surface of the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed into the bag body with low disturbance; Step S3, the lifting equipment (2) lifts the water-permeable sludge scraper (3) out of the riverbed or lakebed to discharge the sludge in the bag; Step S4, adjusting the direction of the lifting device (2), and repeating steps S1 to S3 until all the silt in the riverbed or lakebed to be desilted area is removed.

5. The dredging method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Before the step of the lifting equipment (2) of the first hull (1) throwing the permeable sludge scraper (3) to the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged, the step also includes: step S0, surveying the terrain and sludge distribution at the bottom of the riverbed or lakebed, and determining the lowest point of the riverbed or lakebed and the area with the most sludge as the area of ​​the riverbed or lakebed to be dredged.

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