Cultivation and domestication method for snakehead fry

Abstract

The invention discloses a snakehead fry cultivation and domestication method, and relates to the technical field of snakehead domestication. According to the method, the fed baits are fresh zooplankter, fresh zooplankter and chilled fresh zooplankter mixed baits, chilled fresh zooplankter, artificial compound feed and phagostimulant mixed baits and complete artificial compound feed ingestion in sequence, and the whole snakehead fry breeding and domestication process is completed. According to the method, artificial compound feed domestication is conducted on the snakehead fry, the 24-day-old snakehead fry can be successfully converted to be fed with the artificial compound feed, the fry domestication survival rate can reach 78%-83%, the steps of zooplankton and minced fillet and the steps of minced fillet and artificial compound feed in the general domestication process are omitted, and the domestication time is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of Channa argus domestication, and in particular to a method for cultivating and domesticating Channa argus seedlings. Background Art

[0002] Channa argus, also known as black stick, black fish, mullet, money fish, northern snakehead fish, etc., belongs to the class of bony fish (Osteichthyse), the subclass of ray-finned fish (Actinopterygii), the order of Perciformes, the family of Channidae, the genus of Channa, with a cylindrical body, a flat tail, a narrow head, a flat front body like a snake head, and scales on the back and sides. Channa argus is widely distributed in China, and is distributed in most waters except the Northwest Plateau. Channa argus not only grows fast and has strong resistance to adversity, but also has high protein and low fat, and delicious meat. It also has the health-preserving effects of removing blood stasis, promoting new blood, nourishing yin and activating blood circulation, and removing cold and conditioning. It has a high economic value, so it is an important freshwater economic fish in my country.

[0003] Black snakehead is a carnivorous fish, mainly feeding on small fish, shrimps, crustaceans, etc., and its diet is difficult to acclimate. Domestic black snakehead artificial breeding feed is still mainly wild fish, iced fish, and aquatic products and livestock and poultry products. It not only affects the aquaculture water environment, causing water pollution and disease outbreaks, but also the source of bait is difficult to monitor, posing a food safety risk. At present, the acclimatization process of black snakehead seedlings with artificial compound feed generally transitions from feeding fresh fish and insects to feeding fish paste or fish paste, and then from fish paste or fish paste to feeding compound feed. The acclimatization process is relatively long. Therefore, optimizing and improving the acclimatization process of black snakehead seedlings with artificial compound feed is a problem that technicians in this field need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for cultivating and domesticating Channa argus seedlings. By the method of the present invention, Channa argus seedlings are domesticated with artificial compound feeds, so that 24-day-old Channa argus seedlings can be successfully converted into feeding on artificial compound feeds, and the seedling domestication survival rate can be as high as 78%-83%. The steps of "zooplankton+fish paste" and "fish paste+artificial compound feed" in the general domestication process are abandoned, and the domestication time is reduced.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A method for cultivating and domesticating Channa argus fry comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1 The yolk sac provides nutrition for the larvae of the black snakehead within 3 days after the larvae break the membrane. No feeding is required. The water temperature is maintained at 26-28℃. The larvae of the black snakehead start to eat 3 days after the larvae break the membrane. At this time, they are transferred to an outdoor earth pond that has been fertilized and allowed to freely eat fresh plankton. The density of seedlings in the pond is 150,000-200,000 per mu.

[0008] S2 When the fry of black snakehead fish broke the membrane on the 12th day, they were transferred to the indoor acclimatization pond by pulling the net. At this time, they were stopped from feeding for 1 day to adapt to the environment, and then they were still fed with fresh zooplankton 4-5 times a day. This process lasted for 3 days.

[0009] S3 When the fry of snakehead fish broke through the membrane on the 15th day, they were fed with a mixed feed of fresh zooplankton and chilled zooplankton, and the proportion of fresh zooplankton was gradually reduced and the proportion of chilled zooplankton was gradually increased in each meal until the fry completely consumed chilled zooplankton; feeding was 4-5 times a day, and this process lasted for 3 days;

[0010] S4 On the 18th day after the black snakehead fry broke through the membrane, they began to be fed with a mixed feed consisting of fresh chilled zooplankton, artificial compound feed and attractants. Every day, the proportion of fresh chilled zooplankton and attractants was gradually reduced, while the proportion of artificial compound feed was gradually increased until the fry completely consumed the artificial compound feed. Feed 4-5 times a day, and this process lasted for 6 days.

[0011] Preferably, in step S1, mixed probiotics (commercially available, Tianjin Zaomeikang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) fermented for more than 48 hours are sprayed into an outdoor earth pond every day.

[0012] Preferably, in step S3, on the first day of feeding, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 40-30g / kg fish fry, and the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 10-20g / kg fish fry; on the second day of feeding, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 30-15g / kg fish fry, and the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 20-35g / kg fish fry; on the third day of feeding, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 15-0g / kg fish fry, and the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 35-50g / kg fish fry.

[0013] Preferably, in step S4, the attractant comprises attractant yeast, squid paste, shrimp paste and garlic extract in a mass ratio of 1-2:1-2:1-2:1-1.5.

[0014] Preferably, the preparation method of the attractant yeast is as follows:

[0015] (1) adding yeast hydrolyzate, wheat germ peptide and furfural isopropyl sulfide in a mass ratio of 1:2-3:2-3 into a stirrer, and adding distilled water just enough to immerse the mixed materials;

[0016] (2) After mixing evenly, dry, cool and crush to obtain food-inducing yeast.

[0017] Preferably, the preparation method of squid paste is as follows:

[0018] (1) washing the squid scraps (with an internal organ content of more than 60%) and then putting them into a meat grinder to grind them into squid paste;

[0019] (2) Put the squid paste into a blender, add glutamic acid accounting for 0.8-1% of the weight of the squid paste, stir evenly and keep the mixture at a constant temperature of 60-65° C. for 7-8 hours for natural enzymolysis to obtain squid paste.

[0020] Preferably, the preparation method of shrimp paste is as follows:

[0021] (1) Wash the shrimp scraps, put them into a meat grinder, add water and grind them into small pieces, with the water-to-material mass ratio being 1:1-1.5;

[0022] (2) boiling the obtained shrimp homogenate at high temperature for 20-30 minutes, adding lactic acid bacteria accounting for 2.5-3% of the weight of the shrimp homogenate and fermenting for 24 hours after cooling;

[0023] (3) adding 1-1.2% of the protease by weight to the fermented shrimp homogenate, performing enzymolysis at 60-65° C. for 7-8 hours, and then heating to boiling to concentrate the mixture into a shrimp paste having a water content of 25-30%.

[0024] Preferably, the preparation method of garlic extract is as follows:

[0025] (1) Wash the fresh garlic and mince it in a meat grinder;

[0026] (2) Add the obtained garlic paste into distilled water with a volume of 10-12 times the mass of the garlic, heat and boil, and concentrate to 1 / 3-1 / 4 of the volume of the original solution, thereby obtaining a garlic extract.

[0027] Among them, the fat, yeast hydrolyzate, Maillard reaction products and other aromatic substances in the attractant can stimulate the larvae's sense of smell and taste, and induce the larvae to eat artificial compound feeds. The free amino acids, hydrolyzed proteins, free fatty acids and vitamins in the attractant yeast, squid paste and shrimp paste can provide the larvae with the necessary nutrients for growth, and the allicin in the garlic extract also has a certain antibacterial effect. Therefore, adding attractants can help abandon the "zooplankton + fish paste" and "fish paste + artificial compound feed" domestication steps in the general domestication process, and accelerate the larvae's adaptation to artificial compound feeds.

[0028] Preferably, in step S4, the mixed bait is prepared by draining excess water from the completely thawed frozen zooplankton and mixing it evenly with the artificial compound feed and the attractant to obtain the mixed bait.

[0029] Preferably, in step S4, on the first day of feeding, the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 40g / kg fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 7.5g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 2.5g / kg fry; on the second day of feeding, the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 40-30g / kg fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 8-18g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 2g / kg fry; on the third day of feeding, the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 30-20g / kg fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 18.5-28.5g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 1.5g / kg fry; feeding On the fourth day of feeding, the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 20-10g / kg fish fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 29-39g / kg fish fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 1g / kg fish fry; on the fifth day of feeding, the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 10-0g / kg fish fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 39.5-49.5g / kg fish fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 0.5g / kg fish fry; on the sixth day of feeding, no chilled zooplankton is fed anymore, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 49.5g / kg fish fry, and the first feeding amount of attractant is 0.5g / kg fish fry, which gradually decreases with the number of feedings until it is stopped.

[0030] Preferably, in steps S2, S3 and S4, light induction is used for 10-15 minutes before each feeding to make the fry cluster, and the iron container is knocked during feeding to make the fry form a conditioned reflex.

[0031] Preferably, in steps S2, S3 and S4, when feeding four times a day, the feeding time is 8:30-9:00, 12:00-12:30, 15:30-16:00, and 19:00-19:30 every day; when feeding five times a day, the feeding time is 8:00-8:30, 11:00-11:30, 14:00-14:30, 17:00-17:30, and 20:00-20:30 every day.

[0032] Preferably, in steps S2, S3 and S4, the residual bait and feces at the bottom of the pond are sucked out by siphoning before feeding, and 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the water is changed every day.

[0033] Preferably, in step S4, the crude protein content of the artificial compound feed is not less than 48%, and the particle size is 0.6-1 mm.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] By using the method of the present invention to acclimate Channa argus seedlings with artificial compound feed, 24-day-old Channa argus seedlings can be successfully converted to eat artificial compound feed, and the seedling acclimatization survival rate can be as high as 78%-83%. The steps of "zooplankton+fish paste" and "fish paste+artificial compound feed" in the general acclimatization process are discarded, thereby reducing the acclimatization time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to enable persons skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention.

[0037] The invention provides a method for cultivating and domesticating snakehead fish seedlings. The feeding baits are as follows: fresh zooplankton→fresh zooplankton+frozen zooplankton mixed bait→frozen zooplankton+artificial compound feed+attractant mixed bait→completely ingesting the artificial compound feed, thus completing the entire process of cultivating and domesticating snakehead fish seedlings.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] The method for cultivating and taming the Channa argus seedlings of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0040] S1 outdoor earth pond area is 667m 2 , the water depth is 1.2m, the silt thickness is less than 20cm, and the pond is disinfected and cleaned 15 days before the black snakehead water splash is put into the pond. 15kg / mu of bleaching powder is dissolved in water and then sprayed all over the pond; 7 days before the water splash is put into the pond, new water is injected, 10kg of bacterial peptide No. 1 and 1kg of probiotic peptide are dissolved in 100kg of water and fermented for 48h (both bacterial peptide No. 1 and probiotic peptide are commercially available, Tianjin Zaomeikang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), and then sprayed all over the pond. After 2 days, the number of fish and insects in the pond gradually increases;

[0041] The yolk sac provides nutrition for the fry within 3 days after breaking the membrane. No feeding is required and the water temperature is maintained at 26℃. The fry start to feed 3 days after breaking the membrane. At this time, they are transferred to an outdoor earth pond where the pond has been fertilized and allowed to feed freely on fresh rotifers, small cladocerans, and copepods. The density of seedlings in the pond is 150,000 per mu. Mixed probiotics that have been fermented for more than 48 hours are sprayed into the pond every day to ensure that there is sufficient zooplankton bait in the pond.

[0042] S2 When the body length of the fry reached 2.7±0.3cm on the 12th day after the rupture of the membrane, they were transferred to the indoor cement acclimation pool by pulling the net to facilitate observation and statistics. 3 Bleaching powder is used to disinfect the cement acclimatization pool, the pool area is 16m 2 The water depth is 80cm, and nanotubes are used to inflate the diagonal of the cement acclimation pool. After the fry enter the pool, they are stopped from eating for 1 day to adapt to the environment, and then they are still fed with fresh fish and insects (small cladocerans and copepods); they are fed 5 times a day, and this process lasts for 3 days.

[0043] S3 When the fry are 15 days after breaking the membrane, they are fed with a mixture of fresh zooplankton (cladocerans, copepods) and chilled zooplankton (cladocerans, copepods). The proportion of fresh zooplankton is gradually reduced and the proportion of chilled zooplankton is gradually increased in each meal until the fry are completely fed with chilled zooplankton; feeding is carried out 5 times a day, and this process lasts for 3 days.

[0044] The specific feeding method is: on the first day of feeding, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 40-30g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 10-20g / kg fry; on the second day of feeding, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 30-15g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 20-35g / kg fry; on the third day of feeding, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 15-0g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 35-50g / kg fry; among them, the decreasing / increasing amount of fresh zooplankton and chilled zooplankton on the first day is 2g / kg fry each time, and the decreasing / increasing amount of fresh zooplankton and chilled zooplankton on the second and third days is 3g / kg fry each time.

[0045] S4 When the fry of black snakehead fish break their membranes on the 18th day, they are fed with a mixture of chilled zooplankton (cladocerans, copepods) + artificial compound feed (special starter feed for black snakehead fish, Wudi Ruixing Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a crude protein content of not less than 48% and a particle size of 0.6mm) + attractants. The preparation method of the mixed bait is as follows: after the chilled zooplankton is completely thawed, excess water is drained off, and the mixture is added to a blender together with the artificial compound feed and attractant, and stirred evenly. An appropriate amount of water may be added as needed to mix the components evenly and bond them together. After the chilled zooplankton, artificial compound feed and attractant are stirred evenly, they are kneaded into a ball and the water is drained. One is placed every 1m on the feeding side, so that the mixed bait is slowly released with the water flow; the proportion of chilled zooplankton and attractant is gradually reduced every day, while the proportion of artificial compound feed is gradually increased, until the fry completely consume the artificial compound feed; feeding is carried out 5 times a day, and this process continues for 6 days. Preparation method of mixed bait:

[0046] The attractant of this embodiment includes attractant yeast, squid paste, shrimp paste and garlic extract in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1. The preparation method of the attractant yeast in the attractant is as follows:

[0047] (1) Add yeast hydrolyzate, wheat germ peptide and furfural isopropyl sulfide in a mass ratio of 1:2:3 into a blender, and add distilled water just enough to immerse the mixed materials;

[0048] (2) After mixing evenly, dry, cool and crush to obtain food-inducing yeast.

[0049] The preparation method of squid paste is as follows:

[0050] (1) washing the squid scraps (with an internal organ content of more than 60%) and then putting them into a meat grinder to grind them into squid paste;

[0051] (2) Put the squid paste into a blender, add glutamic acid accounting for 1% of the weight of the squid paste, stir evenly and keep it at a constant temperature of 60° C. for 8 hours for natural enzymolysis to obtain squid paste.

[0052] The preparation method of shrimp paste is as follows:

[0053] (1) Wash the shrimp scraps, put them into a meat grinder, add water and grind them into pieces, with the water-to-material mass ratio being 1:1;

[0054] (2) boiling the obtained shrimp homogenate at high temperature for 20 minutes, adding lactic acid bacteria accounting for 3% of the weight of the shrimp homogenate and fermenting for 24 hours after cooling;

[0055] (3) adding 1% of the protease by weight of the shrimp homogenate to the fermented shrimp homogenate, performing enzymatic hydrolysis at 60° C. for 8 h, and then heating to boiling to concentrate the shrimp paste with a water content of 30%.

[0056] The preparation method of garlic extract is as follows:

[0057] (1) Wash the fresh garlic and mince it in a meat grinder;

[0058] (2) Add the obtained minced garlic into distilled water with a volume 10 times that of the garlic, heat and boil, and concentrate to 1 / 3 of the volume of the original solution to obtain a garlic extract.

[0059] The specific feeding method of the mixed bait of fresh frozen zooplankton (cladocerans, copepods) + artificial compound feed + attractant is:

[0060] Wherein, in step S4, on the first day of feeding, the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 40g / kg fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 7.5g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 2.5g / kg fry; on the second day of feeding, the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 40-30g / kg fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 8-18g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 2g / kg fry; on the third day of feeding, the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 30-20g / kg fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 18.5-28.5g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 1.5g / kg fry; on the third day of feeding, the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 30-20g / kg fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 18.5-28.5g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 1.5g / kg fry. On the fourth day, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 20-10g / kg fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 29-39g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 1g / kg fry; on the fifth day of feeding, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 10-0g / kg fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 39.5-49.5g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 0.5g / kg fry; on the sixth day of feeding, no fresh zooplankton is fed, the first feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 49.5g / kg fry, and the first feeding amount of attractant is 0.5g / kg fry, which gradually decreases with the number of feedings until it is stopped. The decreasing / increasing amount of fresh zooplankton and artificial compound feed is 2g / kg fry each time, and the decreasing amount of attractant feeding is 0.1g / kg fry on the sixth day of feeding.

[0061] Among them, in steps S2, S3 and S4, light induction is used for 15 minutes before each feeding to make the fry cluster, and iron containers are knocked during feeding to make the fry form conditioned reflexes; the feeding time is 8:00, 11:00, 14:00, 17:00, and 20:00 every day; before feeding, the remaining bait and feces at the bottom of the pond are sucked out by siphoning, and 1 / 3 of the water is changed every day.

[0062] By acclimating the Channa argus seedlings to artificial compound feed using the method of this embodiment, the Channa argus seedlings at the age of 24 days can be successfully converted to eat the artificial compound feed, and the survival rate of the acclimated seedlings reaches 83%.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] The method for cultivating and taming the Channa argus seedlings of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0065] S1 outdoor earth pond area is 667m 2 , the water depth is 1.2m, the silt thickness is less than 20cm, and the pond is disinfected and cleaned 15 days before the black snakehead water splash is put into the pond. 15kg / mu of bleaching powder is dissolved in water and then sprayed all over the pond; 7 days before the water splash is put into the pond, new water is injected, 10kg of bacterial peptide No. 1 and 1kg of probiotic peptide are dissolved in 100kg of water and fermented for 48h (both bacterial peptide No. 1 and probiotic peptide are commercially available, Tianjin Zaomeikang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), and then sprayed all over the pond. After 2 days, the number of fish and insects in the pond gradually increases;

[0066] The yolk sac provides nutrition for the fry within 3 days after breaking the membrane. No feeding is required and the water temperature is maintained at 26℃. The fry start to feed 3 days after breaking the membrane. At this time, they are transferred to an outdoor earth pond where the pond has been fertilized and allowed to feed freely on fresh rotifers, small cladocerans, and copepods. The density of seedlings in the pond is 150,000 per mu. Mixed probiotics that have been fermented for more than 48 hours are sprayed into the pond every day to ensure that there is sufficient zooplankton bait in the pond.

[0067] S2 When the body length of the fry reached 2.7±0.3cm on the 12th day after the rupture of the membrane, they were transferred to the indoor cement acclimation pool by pulling the net to facilitate observation and statistics. 3 Bleaching powder is used to disinfect the cement acclimatization pool, the pool area is 16m 2 The water depth is 80cm, and nanotubes are used to inflate the diagonal of the cement acclimation pool. After the fry enter the pool, they are stopped from eating for 1 day to adapt to the environment, and then they are still fed with fresh fish and insects (small cladocerans and copepods). They are fed 4 times a day, and this process lasts for 3 days.

[0068] S3 When the fry are 15 days after breaking the membrane, they are fed with a mixture of fresh zooplankton (cladocerans, copepods) and chilled zooplankton (cladocerans, copepods). The proportion of fresh zooplankton is gradually reduced and the proportion of chilled zooplankton is gradually increased in each meal until the fry are completely fed with chilled zooplankton; feeding is 4 times a day, and this process continues for 3 days.

[0069] The specific feeding method is as follows: on the first day of feeding, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 40-30g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 10-20g / kg fry; on the second day of feeding, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 30-15g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 20-35g / kg fry; on the third day of feeding, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 15-0g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 35-50g / kg fry. On the first day, the decreasing / increasing amount of fresh zooplankton and chilled zooplankton is 2.5g / kg fry each time, and on the second and third days, the decreasing / increasing amount of fresh zooplankton and chilled zooplankton is 3.75g / kg fry each time.

[0070] S4 When the fry of black snakehead fish break their membranes on the 18th day, they are fed with a mixture of chilled zooplankton (cladocerans, copepods) + artificial compound feed (special starter feed for black snakehead fish, Wudi Ruixing Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a crude protein content of not less than 48% and a particle size of 0.6mm) + attractants. The preparation method of the mixed bait is as follows: after the chilled zooplankton is completely thawed, excess water is drained off, and the mixture is added to a blender together with the artificial compound feed and attractant, and stirred evenly. An appropriate amount of water may be added as needed to mix the components evenly and bond them together. After the chilled zooplankton, artificial compound feed and attractant are stirred evenly, they are kneaded into a ball and the water is drained. One is placed every 1m on the feeding side, so that the mixed bait is slowly released with the water flow; the proportion of chilled zooplankton and attractant is gradually reduced every day, while the proportion of artificial compound feed is gradually increased, until the fry completely consume the artificial compound feed; feeding is carried out 4 times a day, and this process continues for 6 days. Preparation method of mixed bait:

[0071] The attractant of this embodiment includes attractant yeast, squid paste, shrimp paste and garlic extract in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1. The preparation method of the attractant yeast in the attractant is as follows:

[0072] (1) Add yeast hydrolyzate, wheat germ peptide and furfural isopropyl sulfide in a mass ratio of 1:2:3 into a blender, and add distilled water just enough to immerse the mixed materials;

[0073] (2) After mixing evenly, dry, cool and crush to obtain food-inducing yeast.

[0074] The preparation method of squid paste is as follows:

[0075] (1) washing the squid scraps (with an internal organ content of more than 60%) and then putting them into a meat grinder to grind them into squid paste;

[0076] (2) Put the squid paste into a blender, add glutamic acid accounting for 1% of the weight of the squid paste, stir evenly and keep it at a constant temperature of 60° C. for 8 hours for natural enzymolysis to obtain squid paste.

[0077] The preparation method of shrimp paste is as follows:

[0078] (1) Wash the shrimp scraps, put them into a meat grinder, add water and grind them into pieces, with the water-to-material mass ratio being 1:1;

[0079] (2) boiling the obtained shrimp homogenate at high temperature for 20 minutes, adding lactic acid bacteria accounting for 3% of the weight of the shrimp homogenate and fermenting for 24 hours after cooling;

[0080] (3) adding 1% of the protease by weight of the shrimp homogenate to the fermented shrimp homogenate, performing enzymatic hydrolysis at 60° C. for 8 h, and then heating to boiling to concentrate the shrimp paste with a water content of 30%.

[0081] The preparation method of garlic extract is as follows:

[0082] (1) Wash the fresh garlic and mince it in a meat grinder;

[0083] (2) Add the obtained minced garlic into distilled water with a volume 10 times that of the garlic, heat and boil, and concentrate to 1 / 3 of the volume of the original solution to obtain a garlic extract.

[0084] The specific feeding method of the mixed bait of fresh frozen zooplankton (cladocerans, copepods) + artificial compound feed + attractant is:

[0085] Wherein, in step (4), on the first day of feeding, the amount of chilled zooplankton fed is 40g / kg fry, the amount of artificial compound feed fed is 7.5g / kg fry, and the amount of attractant fed is 2.5g / kg fry; on the second day of feeding, the amount of chilled zooplankton fed is 40-30g / kg fry, the amount of artificial compound feed fed is 8-18g / kg fry, and the amount of attractant fed is 2g / kg fry; on the third day of feeding, the amount of chilled zooplankton fed is 30-20g / kg fry, the amount of artificial compound feed fed is 18.5-28.5g / kg fry, and the amount of attractant fed is 1.5g / kg fry; feeding On the fourth day, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 20-10g / kg fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 29-39g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 1g / kg fry; on the fifth day of feeding, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 10-0g / kg fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 39.5-49.5g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 0.5g / kg fry; on the sixth day of feeding, no fresh zooplankton is fed, the first feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 49.5g / kg fry, and the first feeding amount of attractant is 0.5g / kg fry, which gradually decreases with the number of feedings until it is stopped. The decreasing / increasing amount of fresh zooplankton and artificial compound feed is 2.5g / kg fry each time, and the decreasing amount of attractant feeding on the sixth day of feeding is 0.125g / kg fry.

[0086] Among them, in steps S2, S3 and S4, light induction is used for 15 minutes before each feeding to make the fry cluster, and iron containers are knocked during feeding to make the fry form conditioned reflexes; the feeding time is 8:30, 12:00, 15:30 and 19:00 every day; before feeding, the remaining bait and feces at the bottom of the pond are sucked out by siphoning, and 1 / 3 of the water is changed every day.

[0087] By using the method of this embodiment to acclimate the Channa argus seedlings with artificial compound feed, the 24-day-old Channa argus seedlings can be successfully transformed to eat artificial compound feed, and the acclimatization survival rate reaches 80%.

[0088] Example 3

[0089] The method for cultivating and taming the Channa argus seedlings of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0090] S1 outdoor earth pond area is 667m 2 , the water depth is 1.5m, the silt thickness is less than 20cm, and the pond is disinfected and cleaned 15 days before the black snakehead water splash is put into the pond. 15kg / mu of bleaching powder is dissolved in water and then sprayed all over the pond; 7 days before the water splash is put into the pond, new water is injected, 10kg of bacterial peptide No. 1 and 1kg of probiotic peptide are dissolved in 100kg of water and fermented for 48h (both bacterial peptide No. 1 and probiotic peptide are commercially available, Tianjin Zaomeikang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), and then sprayed all over the pond. After 2 days, the number of fish and insects in the pond gradually increases;

[0091] The yolk sac provides nutrition for the fry within 3 days after breaking the membrane. No feeding is required and the water temperature is maintained at 28℃. The fry start to feed 3 days after breaking the membrane. At this time, they are transferred to an outdoor earth pond where the pond has been fertilized and allowed to feed freely on fresh rotifers, small cladocerans, and copepods. The density of seedlings in the pond is 200,000 per mu. Mixed probiotics that have been fermented for more than 48 hours are sprayed into the pond every day to ensure that there is sufficient zooplankton food in the pond.

[0092] S2 When the body length of the fry reached 2.7±0.3cm on the 12th day after the rupture of the membrane, they were transferred to the indoor cement acclimation pool by pulling the net to facilitate observation and statistics. 3 Bleaching powder is used to disinfect the cement acclimatization pool, the pool area is 18m 2 The water depth is 60cm, and nanotubes are used to inflate the diagonal of the cement acclimation pool. After the fry enter the pool, they are stopped from eating for 1 day to adapt to the environment, and then they are still fed with fresh fish and insects (small cladocerans and copepods). They are fed 4 times a day, and this process lasts for 3 days.

[0093] S3 When the fry are 15 days after breaking the membrane, they are fed with a mixture of fresh zooplankton (cladocerans, copepods) and chilled zooplankton (cladocerans, copepods). The proportion of fresh zooplankton is gradually reduced and the proportion of chilled zooplankton is gradually increased in each meal until the fry are completely fed with chilled zooplankton; feeding is 4 times a day, and this process continues for 3 days.

[0094] The specific feeding method is as follows: on the first day of feeding, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 40-30g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 10-20g / kg fry; on the second day of feeding, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 30-15g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 20-35g / kg fry; on the third day of feeding, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 15-0g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 35-50g / kg fry. On the first day, the decreasing / increasing amount of fresh zooplankton and chilled zooplankton is 2.5g / kg fry each time, and on the second and third days, the decreasing / increasing amount of fresh zooplankton and chilled zooplankton is 3.75g / kg fry each time.

[0095] S4 On the 18th day after the black snakehead fry broke their membranes, they were fed with a mixture of fresh chilled zooplankton (cladocerans, copepods) + artificial compound feed (special starter feed for black snakehead, Wudi Ruixing Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a crude protein content of not less than 48%, and a particle size of 1 mm) + attractants. The preparation method of the mixed feed is as follows: after the fresh chilled zooplankton is completely thawed, excess water is drained off, and it is added into a blender together with the artificial compound feed and attractants, and stirred evenly. Appropriate amount of water can be added as needed to mix the components evenly and stick them together. Mix the fresh zooplankton, artificial compound feed and attractant evenly, knead them into balls and drain the water. The ball-shaped mixed bait can cause the fry to scramble for food, speed up the feeding speed and frequency, and place one ball every 1m on the feeding side to slowly release the mixed bait with the water flow; gradually reduce the proportion of fresh zooplankton and attractant every day while gradually increase the proportion of artificial compound feed until the fry completely eat the artificial compound feed; feed 4 times a day, and this process continues for 6 days. Mixed bait preparation method:

[0096] The attractant of this embodiment includes attractant yeast, squid paste, shrimp paste and garlic extract in a mass ratio of 1:2:2:1.5. The preparation method of the attractant yeast in the attractant is as follows:

[0097] (1) Add yeast hydrolyzate, wheat germ peptide and furfural isopropyl sulfide in a mass ratio of 1:2:2 into a blender, and add distilled water just enough to immerse the mixed materials;

[0098] (2) After mixing evenly, dry, cool and crush to obtain food-inducing yeast.

[0099] The preparation method of squid paste is as follows:

[0100] (1) washing the squid scraps (with an internal organ content of more than 60%) and then putting them into a meat grinder to grind them into squid paste;

[0101] (2) The squid paste is placed in a blender, 0.8% of glutamic acid by weight of the squid paste is added, the mixture is stirred evenly, and the mixture is kept at a constant temperature of 65° C. for 7 hours for natural enzymolysis, thereby obtaining squid paste.

[0102] The preparation method of shrimp paste is as follows:

[0103] (1) Wash the shrimp scraps, put them into a meat grinder, add water and grind them into pieces, with the water-to-material mass ratio being 1:1.5;

[0104] (2) boiling the obtained shrimp homogenate at high temperature for 30 minutes, adding lactic acid bacteria accounting for 2.5% of the weight of the shrimp homogenate and fermenting for 24 hours after cooling;

[0105] (3) Add 1.2% protease by weight of the shrimp homogenate to the fermented shrimp homogenate, perform enzymolysis at 65°C for 7 hours, and then heat to boiling.

[0106] Concentrated into shrimp paste with a water content of 25%.

[0107] The preparation method of garlic extract is as follows:

[0108] (1) Wash the fresh garlic and mince it in a meat grinder;

[0109] (2) Add the obtained minced garlic into distilled water with a volume 12 times that of the garlic, heat and boil, and concentrate to 1 / 4 of the volume of the original solution to obtain a garlic extract.

[0110] The specific feeding method of the mixed bait of fresh frozen zooplankton (cladocerans, copepods) + artificial compound feed + attractant is:

[0111] Wherein, in step (4), on the first day of feeding, the amount of chilled zooplankton fed is 40g / kg fry, the amount of artificial compound feed fed is 7.5g / kg fry, and the amount of attractant fed is 2.5g / kg fry; on the second day of feeding, the amount of chilled zooplankton fed is 40-30g / kg fry, the amount of artificial compound feed fed is 8-18g / kg fry, and the amount of attractant fed is 2g / kg fry; on the third day of feeding, the amount of chilled zooplankton fed is 30-20g / kg fry, the amount of artificial compound feed fed is 18.5-28.5g / kg fry, and the amount of attractant fed is 1.5g / kg fry; feeding On the fourth day, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 20-10g / kg fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 29-39g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 1g / kg fry; on the fifth day of feeding, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 10-0g / kg fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 39.5-49.5g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 0.5g / kg fry; on the sixth day of feeding, no fresh zooplankton is fed, the first feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 49.5g / kg fry, and the first feeding amount of attractant is 0.5g / kg fry, which gradually decreases with the number of feedings until it is stopped. The decreasing / increasing amount of fresh zooplankton and artificial compound feed is 2.5g / kg fry each time, and the decreasing amount of attractant feeding on the sixth day of feeding is 0.125g / kg fry.

[0112] Among them, in steps S2, S3 and S4, light induction is used for 10 minutes before each feeding to make the fry cluster, and iron containers are knocked during feeding to make the fry form conditioned reflexes; the feeding time is 9:00, 12:30, 16:00 and 19:30 every day; before feeding, the remaining bait and feces at the bottom of the pond are sucked out by siphoning, and 1 / 2 of the water is changed every day.

[0113] By acclimating the Channa argus seedlings to artificial compound feed using the method of this embodiment, the Channa argus seedlings at the age of 24 days can be successfully converted to eat the artificial compound feed, and the survival rate of the acclimated seedlings reaches 78%.

[0114] Comparative Example 1

[0115] The difference from Example 1 is that in step S4, no attractant is added to the mixed bait.

[0116] By acclimating the Channa argus seedlings with artificial compound feed using the method of comparative example 1, the Channa argus seedlings at the age of 24 days can be successfully transformed into eating the artificial compound feed, and the survival rate of the acclimated seedlings reaches 43%.

[0117] Comparative Example 2

[0118] The difference from Example 1 is that in step S4, an attractant consisting of attractant yeast and squid paste in a mass ratio of 1:1 is used to replace the attractant in Example 1 in equal amounts.

[0119] By acclimating the Channa argus seedlings to artificial compound feed using the method of Comparative Example 2, the 24-day-old Channa argus seedlings can be successfully converted to eat the artificial compound feed, and the survival rate of the acclimated seedlings reaches 62%.

[0120] Comparative Example 3

[0121] The difference from Example 1 is that in step S4, the artificial compound feed adopts Tianma brand raw fish compound feed (Fujian Tianma Technology Group Co., Ltd.) with a particle size of 2.2 mm and a protein content of ≥43%.

[0122] By acclimating the Channa argus seedlings with artificial compound feed using the method of comparative example 3, the Channa argus seedlings at the age of 24 days can be successfully transformed into eating the artificial compound feed, and the survival rate of the acclimated seedlings reaches 70%.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating and domesticating Channa argus seedlings, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 The yolk sac provides nutrition for the larvae of the black snakehead within 3 days after the larvae break the membrane. No feeding is required. The water temperature is maintained at 26-28℃. The larvae of the black snakehead start to eat 3 days after the larvae break the membrane. At this time, they are transferred to an outdoor earth pond that has been fertilized and allowed to freely eat fresh plankton. The density of seedlings in the pond is 150,000-200,000 per mu. S2 When the fry of black snakehead fish broke the membrane on the 12th day, they were transferred to the indoor acclimatization pond by pulling the net. At this time, they were stopped from feeding for 1 day to adapt to the environment, and then they were still fed with fresh zooplankton 4-5 times a day. This process lasted for 3 days. S3 When the fry of snakehead fish broke through the membrane on the 15th day, they were fed with a mixed feed of fresh zooplankton and chilled zooplankton, and the proportion of fresh zooplankton was gradually reduced and the proportion of chilled zooplankton was gradually increased in each meal until the fry completely consumed chilled zooplankton; feeding was 4-5 times a day, and this process lasted for 3 days; S4 On the 18th day after the black snakehead fry broke through the membrane, they began to be fed with a mixed feed consisting of fresh chilled zooplankton, artificial compound feed and attractants. Every day, the proportion of fresh chilled zooplankton and attractants was gradually reduced, while the proportion of artificial compound feed was gradually increased until the fry completely consumed the artificial compound feed. Feed 4-5 times a day, and this process lasted for 6 days.

2. The method for cultivating and acclimating Channa argus seedlings according to claim 1, wherein: In step S1, the mixed probiotics fermented for more than 48 hours are sprayed into the outdoor earth pond every day.

3. The method for cultivating and acclimating Channa argus seedlings according to claim 1, wherein: In step S3, on the first day of feeding, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 40-30g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 10-20g / kg fry; on the second day of feeding, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 30-15g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 20-35g / kg fry; on the third day of feeding, the feeding amount of fresh zooplankton is 15-0g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 35-50g / kg fry.

4. The method for cultivating and acclimating Channa argus seedlings according to claim 1, wherein: In step S4, the attractant includes attractant yeast, squid paste, shrimp paste and garlic extract in a mass ratio of 1-2:1-2:1-2:1-1.

5.

5. The method for cultivating and acclimating Channa argus seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the mixed bait is prepared by draining excess water from the completely thawed frozen zooplankton and mixing it evenly with the artificial compound feed and the attractant to obtain the mixed bait.

6. The method for cultivating and acclimating Channa argus seedlings according to claim 1, wherein: In step S4, on the first day of feeding, the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 40g / kg fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 7.5g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 2.5g / kg fry; on the second day of feeding, the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 40-30g / kg fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 8-18g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 2g / kg fry; on the third day of feeding, the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 30-20g / kg fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 18.5-28.5g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 1.5g / kg fry; on the third day of feeding, the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 30-20g / kg fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 18.5-28.5g / kg fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 1.5g / kg fry. On the fourth day, the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 20-10g / kg fish fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 29-39g / kg fish fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 1g / kg fish fry; on the fifth day of feeding, the feeding amount of chilled zooplankton is 10-0g / kg fish fry, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 39.5-49.5g / kg fish fry, and the feeding amount of attractant is 0.5g / kg fish fry; on the sixth day of feeding, no chilled zooplankton is fed anymore, the feeding amount of artificial compound feed is 49.5g / kg fish fry, and the first feeding amount of attractant is 0.5g / kg fish fry, which gradually decreases with the number of feedings until it is stopped.

7. The method for cultivating and acclimating Channa argus seedlings according to claim 1, wherein: In steps S2, S3 and S4, light induction is used for 10-15 minutes before each feeding to make the fry cluster, and the iron container is knocked during feeding to make the fry form a conditioned reflex.

8. The method for cultivating and acclimating Channa argus seedlings according to claim 1, wherein: In steps S2, S3 and S4, when feeding four times a day, the feeding time is 8:30-9:00, 12:00-12:30, 15:30-16:00, and 19:00-19:30 every day; when feeding five times a day, the feeding time is 8:00-8:30, 11:00-11:30, 14:00-14:30, 17:00-17:30, and 20:00-20:30 every day.

9. The method for cultivating and acclimating Channa argus seedlings according to claim 1, wherein: In steps S2, S3 and S4, the residual bait and feces at the bottom of the pond are sucked out by siphoning before feeding, and 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the water is changed every day.

10. The method for cultivating and acclimating Channa argus seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the crude protein content of the artificial compound feed is not less than 48%, and the particle size is 0.6-1 mm.