A pesticide formulation and method for promoting alfalfa yield and branching.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of plant growth regulation technology, specifically to a pesticide formulation and method for promoting alfalfa yield and branching. The pesticide formulation comprises, by weight, 1-4 parts benzylaminopurine, 0.1 parts sodium nitrophenolate, 1-4 parts brassinolide, 1-3 parts triacontanol, and 1-4 parts uniconazole. Applying this pesticide formulation after harvesting alfalfa at ground level during the seedling stage following sowing effectively promotes branching, increases alfalfa yield, and does not cause a decline in alfalfa quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plant growth regulation technology, specifically to a pesticide formulation and method for promoting yield and branching of alfalfa. Background Technology

[0002] Alfalfa is a high-quality, high-yield forage grass, known as the "King of Forage Grasses." It is high in protein and is an important source of feed.

[0003] In recent years, with the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for meat and dairy products has increased, leading to a growing demand for high-quality forage. Research on alfalfa yield-increasing technologies to meet domestic market demand and reduce imports of high-quality forage is of significant practical importance to the development of China's livestock industry. Therefore, how to increase alfalfa yield has always been a hot topic in forage research.

[0004] Currently, alfalfa yield increases are often promoted through the application of plant growth regulators, improved fertilization methods, and enhanced field management. However, the application of plant growth regulators requires reapplication after each harvest, increasing costs; improved fertilization methods and enhanced field management increase the workload of daily alfalfa management, requiring significant manpower and resources to ensure yield increases, making large-scale implementation difficult in areas with large alfalfa planting areas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, this invention provides a pesticide formulation and method for promoting alfalfa yield and branching. The method of this invention can effectively promote alfalfa branching, increase alfalfa yield, and does not cause a decline in quality.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a pesticide formulation for promoting the yield and branching of alfalfa, wherein the pesticide formulation comprises, by weight, 1-4 parts of benzylaminopurine, 0.1 parts of sodium nitrophenolate, 1-4 parts of brassinolide, 1-3 parts of triacontanol, and 1-4 parts of uniconazole.

[0008] Preferably, the pesticide formulation comprises, by weight, 2 parts benzylaminopurine, 0.1 parts sodium nitrophenolate, 2 parts brassinolide, 2 parts triacontanol, and 2 parts uniconazole.

[0009] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for promoting increased yield and branching of alfalfa, comprising: applying the pesticide preparation after the alfalfa has grown to the seedling stage after sowing and then cutting it at ground level.

[0010] Preferably, the pesticide formulation comprises 2.5 × 10⁻⁶ benzylaminopurine.5 ~10 6 10 times diluted solution, sodium nitrophenolate 10 7 Diluted with brassinolide 2.5×10 5 ~10 6 Diluted with triacontanol 3.3 × 10⁻⁶ 5 ~10 6 Diluted with 2.5×10⁻⁶ undiluted acetamiprid 5 ~10 6 Double the amount.

[0011] Preferably, the pesticide formulation comprises 5 × 10⁻⁶ benzylaminopurine. 5 10 times diluted solution, sodium nitrophenolate 10 7 Multidose solution, brassinolide 5×10 5 Diluted with triacontanol 5×10 5 Diluted with 5×10 liters of uniconazole 5 Double the amount.

[0012] Preferably, alfalfa seedlings are harvested at ground level 20 days after sowing.

[0013] Preferably, the application rate of the pesticide formulation is 100 mL / plant.

[0014] Preferably, the pesticide formulation is applied to the above-ground parts of alfalfa seedlings.

[0015] Preferably, the branching point is at the cut of the cut.

[0016] Preferably, the alfalfa is harvested in three harvests: the first harvest is carried out 50 days after sowing, the second harvest is carried out 35 days after the first harvest, and the third harvest is carried out 35 days after the second harvest.

[0017] Preferably, the stubble height after the third harvest is 5 cm.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] The pesticide formulation used in this invention helps promote alfalfa branching and increase alfalfa yield without causing a decrease in alfalfa crude protein content, crude fiber, or relative feed value.

[0020] This invention promotes alfalfa yield and branching through a combination of physical measures and pesticide application. The alfalfa is first cut at ground level during the seedling stage, followed by pesticide application. This ground-level cutting during the seedling stage removes apical dominance, allowing the pesticide to promote branching. These branches gradually develop into robust branches as the seedlings grow, thus increasing yield. Two consecutive years of testing on alfalfa yield, crude protein, crude fiber, and relative feed value using this method showed that it significantly increases alfalfa yield by promoting branching, without significantly affecting crude protein, crude fiber content, or relative feed value, and does not cause a decline in quality.

[0021] This invention treats alfalfa only during the seedling stage at the sowing period to promote branching. The tillering ability is strongest in the seedling stage; as the alfalfa grows and the branches mature, the tillering ability greatly weakens, eliminating the need for repeated application of the pesticide after harvest. This invention significantly reduces field management pressure on alfalfa, reduces labor costs, and has high economic value. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the test site setup according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 Images of the experimental sample area before sowing in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the seeding area in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 Images of the experimental sample area after sowing, according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 These are branching diagrams of seedlings before and after cutting and application of pesticides. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the invention, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0028] Example

[0029] Experimental plot setup: The experiment was conducted on April 20, 2020, in the experimental field of Guoguang Landscape Technology Co., Ltd., with an average greenhouse temperature of 25℃ and humidity of 54%. Alfalfa seed Gannong No. 1 was sown in spring, and four experimental plots were set up (see details for setup). Figure 1(Corresponding to Examples 1-4 respectively), each experimental plot was 10m × 10m, with a spacing of 2m between plots. The soil substrate was loam. See the images of the experimental plots before sowing. Figure 2 .

[0030] Hill sowing: After leveling the plot, hill sowing is carried out with a spacing of 50cm between hills, for a total of 121 hills (see...). Figure 3 As shown in the image, a total of 484 planting holes were prepared across four sample areas. Each hole was 2 cm deep, with 5 seeds placed in each hole and covered with 5 mm of soil. During the seed germination period, water was applied once daily at 9:00 AM to ensure adequate moisture. On May 5th, 15 days after alfalfa sowing, one alfalfa plant was retained in each hole. If there were too many alfalfa plants in a hole, they were thinned out. If any holes failed to germinate, the plants were transplanted to other holes. Finally, 100 planting holes were retained in each sample area, numbered according to row and column. Images of the experimental sample areas after sowing are shown below. Figure 4 .

[0031] Application of pesticide after seedling mowing: After mowing the alfalfa seedlings at ground level in the experimental plots of Examples 1-4, spraying was performed on the above-ground parts of the seedlings at a rate of 100 mL per plant. The specific spraying treatment details for the experimental plots of Examples 1-4 are as follows:

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] Treatment period: On May 10th, after cutting the alfalfa seedlings that have grown for 20 days at ground level, spray the pesticide.

[0034] Treatment agent: Mix 1g of benzylaminopurine, 0.1g of sodium nitrophenolate, 1g of brassinolide, 1g of triacontanol, and 1g of tebuconazole, then add the mixture to a beaker containing 100ml of water. Next, add 1ml of the mixture to a sprayer containing 10L of water and spray. (Benzylaminopurine 10g) 6 10 times diluted solution, sodium nitrophenolate 10 7 Multi-component solution, brassinolide 10 6 Diluted, triacontanol 10 6 Diluted, 10g of uniconazole 6 (Double solution).

[0035] Example 2:

[0036] Treatment period: On May 10th, after cutting the alfalfa seedlings that have grown for 20 days at ground level, spray the pesticide.

[0037] Treatment agent: Mix 2g of benzylaminopurine, 0.1g of sodium nitrophenolate, 2g of brassinolide, 2g of triacontanol, and 2g of paclobutrazol, then add the mixture to a beaker containing 100ml of water. Add 1ml of this mixture to a sprayer containing 10L of water and spray. (Benzylaminopurine 5×10) 5 10 times diluted solution, sodium nitrophenolate 10 7 Multidose solution, brassinolide 5×105 Diluted with triacontanol 5×10 5 Diluted with 5×10 liters of uniconazole 5 (Double solution).

[0038] Example 3:

[0039] Treatment period: On May 10th, after cutting the alfalfa seedlings that have grown for 20 days at ground level, spray the pesticide.

[0040] Treatment agent: Mix 4g of benzylaminopurine, 0.1g of sodium nitrophenolate, 4g of brassinolide, 3g of triacontanol, and 4g of tebuconazole, then add the mixture to a beaker containing 100ml of water. Next, add 1ml of this mixture to a sprayer containing 10L of water and spray. (Benzylaminopurine 2.5×10) 5 10 times diluted solution, sodium nitrophenolate 10 7 Diluted with brassinolide 2.5×10 5 Diluted with triacontanol 3.3 × 10⁻⁶ 5 Diluted with 2.5×10⁻⁶ undiluted acetamiprid 5 (Double solution).

[0041] Example 4:

[0042] Treatment period: On May 10th, after cutting the alfalfa seedlings that have grown for 20 days at ground level, spray the pesticide.

[0043] Treatment agent: 10L of clean water.

[0044] Comparative Example 1

[0045] Following the method of the embodiment, test areas with the same conditions were selected for hole sowing, and the pesticide of Example 2 was used for spraying treatment. The only difference was that the alfalfa seedlings that had grown for 20 days were not cut at ground level, but were directly sprayed with pesticide.

[0046] Record the branching and various physiological indicators of alfalfa plants at 0, 5, and 10 days after the application of the pesticide in the examples and comparative examples, as well as after three harvests at the ground level during the harvest period, as shown in Examples 1-4.

[0047] Example 1: Determination of the number of branches in alfalfa

[0048] The number of branches at 0, 5, and 10 days after the application of pesticides in the examples and comparative examples was recorded, as well as the number of branches per 100 alfalfa plants after three harvests at ground level. Branching occurred at the cut point. The three harvests were specifically scheduled as follows: spring-sown alfalfa was sown on April 20th; the first harvest was 50 days later on June 10th; the second harvest was 35 days later on July 15th; and the third harvest was 35 days later on August 20th. The stubble height for each harvest was 5 cm. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0049] Table 1. Results of alfalfa branch number determination

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] Table 1 shows that spraying alfalfa after cutting seedlings at ground level significantly increased the number of branches during the sowing period. In Example 1, the average number of branches was 4.36 / plant at day 0, 5.32 / plant after 5 days (an increase of 22.02%), and 5.5 / plant after 10 days (an increase of 3.38% compared to day 5). In Example 2, the average number of branches was 4.62 / plant at day 0, 6.73 / plant after 5 days (an increase of 45.67%), and 6.82 / plant after 10 days (an increase of 1.34% compared to day 5). In Example 3, the average number of branches was 4.47 / plant at day 0, 5.53 / plant after 5 days (an increase of 23.71%), and 5.62 / plant after 10 days (an increase of 1.63% compared to day 5). In Example 4, the average number of branches was 4.26 / plant at day 0, 4.29 / plant after 5 days (an increase of 0.71%), and 4.33 / plant after 10 days (an increase of 0.93% compared to day 5). Example 2 showed a significantly higher effect on promoting alfalfa branching than other treatments, with the branching-promoting effect concentrated in the first 5 days. Subsequently, only a very small number of new branches grew, and the branching-promoting effect gradually weakened and disappeared.

[0053] Compared with the results of Comparative Example 1, the effect of medication after mowing in Example 2 was significantly higher than that of medication without mowing. The increase was 21.3% at day 0, 69.5% at day 5, and 65.1% at day 10, indicating that medication after mowing had a significant effect.

[0054] Figure 5 The diagram shows the branching of the seedlings before cutting (left) and after cutting and applying the pesticide (right). The pesticide used was the one described in Example 2. As can be seen from the diagram, the alfalfa seedlings before cutting had fewer branches and grew outwards. The seedlings that regenerated after cutting and applying the pesticide had more branches and grew obliquely upwards.

[0055] Example 2: Alfalfa Yield Determination

[0056] Record the yield of alfalfa after three harvests at the harvest time (at which time one-third of the alfalfa will be flowering). The harvest time for the three harvests is the same as in Example 1. After harvesting, the aboveground yield of alfalfa in each harvest is measured. All samples are taken from each plot, and the aboveground yield is measured and converted to kg / mu. The measurements are taken continuously for 2 years, 3 times a year, and the average value is calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0057] Table 2. Alfalfa Yield per Crop, 2020-2021

[0058]

[0059] As shown in Table 2, compared with the control group sprayed with water in Example 4, the alfalfa yield per crop of Examples 1-3 using the agent of this invention was higher, and the alfalfa yield of Example 2 was significantly higher than that of Examples 1 and 3. In the data on alfalfa yield measured in 2020, in the first crop, the overall yield was not high, but the alfalfa yield of the treated alfalfa was significantly higher than that of the control treatment. Compared with Example 4, Example 1 significantly increased yield by 29.54%, Example 2 significantly increased yield by 65.24%, and Example 3 significantly increased yield by 48.58%. In the second crop, Examples 2 and 3 were significantly higher than the other examples. Compared with Example 4, Example 1 increased yield by 13.88%, Example 2 significantly increased yield by 43.07%, and Example 3 significantly increased yield by 27.11%. In the third crop, compared with Example 4, Example 1 increased yield by 8.85%, a relatively small increase, Example 2 significantly increased yield by 42.13%, and Example 3 significantly increased yield by 16.65%. In the data on alfalfa yield measured in 2021, compared with Example 4, Example 1 increased yield by 21.60%, Example 2 by 39.41%, and Example 3 by 13.57% at the first harvest; compared with Example 4, Example 1 increased yield by 25.87%, Example 2 by 45.86%, and Example 3 by 17.53% at the second harvest; and compared with Example 4, Example 1 increased yield by 25.47%, Example 2 by 59.96%, and Example 3 by 21.41% at the third harvest.

[0060] Compared with Comparative Example 1, the yield of alfalfa treated after mowing was significantly higher than that of alfalfa treated without mowing. In 2020, the first crop yield increased by 83.1%, the second crop by 57.7%, and the third crop by 55.1%. In 2021, the first crop yield increased by 58.3%, the second crop by 61.1%, and the third crop by 77.2%, showing significant increases.

[0061] Example 3: Determination of crude protein content in alfalfa

[0062] The crude protein content was determined using the Kjeldahl method. Ten alfalfa plants were randomly selected from each row for sampling (after three harvests, with the timing of the third harvest being the same as in Example 1). After sampling, the plants were placed in an oven at 105℃ for 30 minutes to kill the green, followed by drying at 80℃ to constant weight. After drying, the plants were pulverized into grass powder. 0.5g of the grass sample was placed in a digestion tube, a catalyst and concentrated sulfuric acid were added, and the sample was then placed in a Kjeldahl apparatus for digestion. After digestion and cooling, the sample was titrated with hydrochloric acid.

[0063]

[0064] In the formula:

[0065] V2: The volume of hydrochloric acid standard titrant consumed by the titration sample, in milliliters (ml);

[0066] V1: The volume of standard hydrochloric acid solution consumed in the titration of the blank, in milliliters (ml);

[0067] c: Concentration of the hydrochloric acid standard titration solution, in moles per liter (mol / L);

[0068] m: Sample mass, in grams (g);

[0069] V: Total volume of the sample digestion solution, in milliliters (ml);

[0070] V': Volume of digestion solution used for distillation, in milliliters (ml);

[0071] 14: Molar mass of nitrogen, in grams per mole (g / mol);

[0072] 6.25: Average coefficient for converting nitrogen to crude protein.

[0073] Two parallel samples were taken for each test and the arithmetic mean of the two samples was used as the test result, as shown in Table 3.

[0074] Table 3. Results of crude protein content test in alfalfa

[0075]

[0076] As can be seen from Table 3, there is no significant difference in crude protein content of alfalfa among the various embodiments and comparative examples, indicating that the method of applying pesticide after cutting the seedlings at ground level during the sowing period in this invention will not cause a reduction in the quality of alfalfa.

[0077] Example 4: Crude fiber and relative feeding value of alfalfa

[0078] Test samples: Three harvests of alfalfa plants obtained by cutting the ground at harvest time were used to make samples. The specific timing of the three harvests was the same as in Example 1.

[0079] Determination of Crude Fiber: Alfalfa crude fiber includes acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). The content of both ADF (NY / T 1459-2022) and NDF (GB / T 20806-2022) is determined using the filter bag method. For ADF, the filter bag, dried at 80℃ for 2 hours, is cooled to room temperature in a desiccator and weighed (accurate to 0.001 g). 0.5 g (accurate to 0.001 g) of sample is weighed into the filter bag, and the bag is sealed using a sealing machine. The sample volume should not exceed half the filter bag's capacity. The filter bag containing the sample is placed in a digestion apparatus, and the acid detergent solution is added. The sample solution is heated to boiling within 5 minutes. The solution is kept boiling and digested for 1 hour. After digestion, the sample is washed, dried, and weighed. The determination of NDF is similar to that of ADF, the only difference being the addition of a neutral detergent solution for digestion.

[0080]

[0081] In the formula:

[0082] m1: Sample mass, in grams (g);

[0083] m2: Mass of filter bag used in blank test, in grams (g);

[0084] m3: The mass of the filter bag used in the blank test after digestion and drying, in grams (g);

[0085] m4: The mass of the filter bag measured in the sample is expressed in grams (g).

[0086] m5: The total mass of the sample and filter bag after digestion and drying, in grams (g).

[0087] Determination of relative feed value: Relative feed value is an important indicator affecting the value assessment of alfalfa and a major factor influencing livestock feed intake. A higher relative feed value indicates that livestock consume more of that type of forage, resulting in greater nutrient intake. Relative feed value is related to the content of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber.

[0088] Dry matter intake (DMI): DMI = 120 / NDF;

[0089] Digestible dry matter (DDM): DDM = 88.9 - 0.779 × ADF;

[0090] Relative feed value (RFV): RFV = DMI × DDM / 1.29.

[0091] The sampling and measurement results for 2020 and 2021 are shown in Tables 4 and 5.

[0092] Table 4. Wash fiber content and relative feeding value of alfalfa in 2020

[0093]

[0094] Table 5. Wash fiber content and relative feeding value of alfalfa in 2021

[0095]

[0096] Table 4 shows that there were no significant differences in the acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content and relative feed value of alfalfa plants after three harvests at the ground level in 2012. Table 5 shows that the differences in ADF and NDF content and relative feed value among the three harvests of alfalfa in 2012 were small. This indicates that the spraying treatment method of cutting seedlings at the sowing period in this invention does not reduce the relative feed value of alfalfa. In Example 2, the ADF and NDF content were lower than in other examples, while the average relative feed value was higher.

[0097] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the above preferred embodiments should not be considered as limitations on the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims. For those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of promoting yield and branching in alfalfa, comprising, Comprise: The pesticide preparation is applied after ground mowing in the seedling stage of alfalfa grown for 20 days after sowing; the components of the pesticide preparation consist of benzylaminopurine 1-4 parts, sodium nitrophenolate 0.1 part, brassinolide 1-4 parts, triacontanol 1-3 parts and uniconazole 1-4 parts by weight; Its dilution factor is benzylaminopurine 2.5 x 10 5 ~10 6 times, sodium nitrophenol 10 7 times, brassinolide 2.5 x 10 5 ~10 6 times, tridaxanol 3.3 x 10 5 ~10 6 times, uniconazole 2.5 x 10 5 ~10 6 times.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The components of the pesticide preparation consist of benzylaminopurine 2 parts, sodium nitrophenolate 0.1 part, brassinolide 2 parts, triacontanol 2 parts and uniconazole 2 parts by weight.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The application amount of the pesticide preparation is 100 mL / plant.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The application site of the pesticide preparation is the aboveground part of alfalfa seedlings.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The branch site is the cutting shears.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The alfalfa is harvested for 3 times of mowing, the first harvest is performed 50 days after sowing, the second harvest is performed 35 days after the first harvest, and the third harvest is performed 35 days after the second harvest.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The stubble height of the 3 times of mowing is 5 cm.

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