A method for constructing a three-dimensional eyeball model and a macula buckle surgery navigation system

Abstract

This application relates to the field of surgical guidance technology, and discloses a method for constructing a three-dimensional model of the eyeball and a navigation system for macular ligament surgery. The method includes the following steps: S1- Data extraction of various parts of the eyeball, including: S11- Establishment and variability analysis of corneal parameters; S12- Establishment and variability analysis of parameters for the anterior half of the eyeball; S13- Establishment and variability analysis of parameters for the posterior half of the eyeball; S2- Constructing a three-dimensional model of the eyeball using corneal parameters, anterior half eyeball parameters, and posterior half eyeball parameters. This system is compatible with this method. This application effectively reduces the difficulty of three-dimensional reconstruction of the eyeball, greatly improves the accuracy of macular localization, and shortens the surgical time, thus reducing the difficulty of macular ligament surgery and enabling individualized and precise implementation of macular ligament surgery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of surgical guidance technology, specifically a method for constructing a three-dimensional model of the eyeball and a surgical navigation system for the macular ligament. Background Technology

[0002] In 2020, there were 2.5 billion people with myopia worldwide, including 600 million with high myopia. Of these, approximately 60 million had tractional macular degeneration (AMD) requiring surgical intervention. In China, among the 170 million people with high myopia, about 12 million had tractional macular degeneration. High myopic tractional macular degeneration occurs because the axial length of the eye in highly myopic patients continues to increase, causing the eyeball to expand irregularly backward, resulting in posterior traction on the retina and leading to macular degeneration. This can cause persistent vision loss and even blindness, making it a challenging clinical treatment and a hot topic and difficulty in global ophthalmological research.

[0003] Studies have shown that macular ligation surgery has good efficacy and safety in treating high myopia-related tractional macular degeneration, bringing new hope to patients with this condition. However, due to technical challenges, the awareness and adoption rate of macular ligation surgery still differ significantly from those abroad. Patients with high myopia-related tractional macular degeneration often have irregular posterior expansion of the eyeball, and their eyeball length also varies considerably, making a uniform surgical approach impossible. Individualized surgical design is therefore essential. Preoperatively, the expected macular padding height and the appropriate ligation implant size need to be designed based on factors such as the patient's eyeball morphology and axial length. Furthermore, due to blind spots in the surgical procedure, the relative positions of the ligation implant and the important macular structure cannot be fully exposed during the operation, thus increasing the surgical difficulty by requiring precise intraoperative positioning of the ligation implant. To reduce the difficulty of macular ligation surgery, improve surgical safety, and implement individualized treatment strategies, a precise surgical navigation system plays a crucial role in simplifying the surgical procedure.

[0004] Traditional navigation for macular ligament surgery involves using MRI to create a 3D model of the entire eyeball through three-dimensional reconstruction, helping clinicians understand the patient's eye shape preoperatively. However, due to the limitations of MRI imaging resolution, it can only acquire information about the shape of the eyeball and cannot accurately locate the fovea of ​​the macula on a 3D image. Furthermore, MRI examinations are expensive and require specialized technicians to perform sampling and 3D modeling, making MRI navigation relatively inefficient. Therefore, there is an urgent clinical need for a precise and simplified surgical navigation system to help clinicians perform macular ligament surgery more safely and effectively. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a method for constructing a three-dimensional model of the eyeball and a macular ligament surgical navigation system to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background above.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application discloses the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, this application discloses a method for constructing a three-dimensional model of an eyeball, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1 - Data extraction of various parts of the eyeball, including:

[0009] S11 - Establishment and variability analysis of corneal parameters;

[0010] S12 - Establishment and variability analysis of parameters for the anterior half of the eyeball;

[0011] S13 - Establishment and variability analysis of parameters for the posterior half of the eyeball;

[0012] S2 - Constructs a three-dimensional model of the eyeball using corneal parameters, parameters of the anterior half of the eyeball, and parameters of the posterior half of the eyeball.

[0013] Preferably, the establishment and variability analysis of the corneal parameters specifically includes:

[0014] Based on anterior segment OCT technology, the corneal diameter AB is obtained using the limbus as the measurement point;

[0015] Corneal variability analysis was performed based on the obtained corneal diameter.

[0016] Preferably, the establishment and variability analysis of the parameters of the anterior part of the eyeball specifically includes:

[0017] Based on MRI technology, parameters of the anterior half of the eyeball are measured with the equatorial plane of the eyeball as the boundary. The parameters of the anterior half of the eyeball include the transverse diameter CD of the eyeball passing through the equatorial plane of the eyeball and the vertical distance OO' of the vertex of the anterior surface of the cornea from the equatorial plane of the eyeball.

[0018] A variability analysis of the anterior half of the eyeball was performed based on the obtained transverse diameter of the eyeball across the equatorial plane and the vertical distance from the vertex of the anterior corneal surface to the equatorial plane.

[0019] Preferably, the establishment and variability analysis of the parameters of the posterior part of the eyeball specifically includes:

[0020] Based on wide-angle rear segment OCT technology, with the equatorial plane of the eyeball as the reference, the parameters of the posterior half of the eyeball are measured. The parameters of the posterior half of the eyeball include the vertical distance O'M from the center vertex of the posterior sclera to the equatorial plane of the eyeball.

[0021] A variability analysis of the posterior half of the eyeball was performed based on the vertical distance from the central vertex of the posterior sclera to the equatorial plane of the eyeball.

[0022] Preferably, the construction of a three-dimensional eyeball model using corneal parameters, parameters of the anterior half of the eyeball, and parameters of the posterior half of the eyeball specifically includes:

[0023] S21 - Obtain corneal curvature R and anterior scleral curvature R' based on IOLMaster;

[0024] S22 - Construct a corneal model OAB based on corneal curvature R and corneal diameter AB. The corneal model OAB includes point O, point A, point B and several connecting lines. Point O is the vertex of the anterior surface of the cornea, and points A and B are points on the limbus corresponding to the corneal diameter. Points A and B are located on both sides of point O.

[0025] S23 - Based on the curvature R' of the anterior half of the sclera, the transverse diameter CD of the eyeball passing through the equatorial plane, the vertical distance OO' of the vertex of the anterior corneal surface from the equatorial plane, and the corneal model OAB, construct the anterior half model OACO'DB of the eyeball. The anterior half model OACO'DB of the eyeball includes points O, A, B, C, O', and D, and several connecting lines. Among them, point O' is the intersection of the vertical line passing through point O on the equatorial plane and the equatorial plane. Points C and D are two points on the equatorial plane corresponding to the transverse diameter of the eyeball passing through the equatorial plane. Points C and D are located on both sides of point O.

[0026] S24 - Obtain the axial length OM of the eyeball based on IOLMaster, and determine the position of the central vertex M of the posterior scleral macula based on the axial length OM and the extension line of the line connecting point O and point O', wherein the central vertex M of the posterior scleral macula is located on the extension line of the line connecting point O and point O'.

[0027] S25: Based on the position of the central vertex M of the posterior scleral macula and the model OACO'DB of the anterior half of the eyeball, a three-dimensional model of the eyeball is constructed. The region enclosed by points O, A, C, D and B in the three-dimensional model of the eyeball is defined as a constant region with low variability, and the region enclosed by point C, the central vertex M of the posterior scleral macula and point D in the three-dimensional model of the eyeball is defined as a variable region with high variability.

[0028] Secondly, this application discloses a macular ligament surgical navigation system, including a model building module and a ligament suture point calculation module;

[0029] The model building module is configured to: accurately calculate the axial length using IOLMaster, determine the position of the fovea, assess the macular schisis based on OCT, and estimate the amount of surgery required.

[0030] The buckling suture point calculation module is configured to calculate the positions of buckling suture points P1 and P2 based on the three-dimensional eyeball model obtained by the aforementioned three-dimensional eyeball model construction method.

[0031] Preferably, the buckling suture points P1 and P2 are located beside the superior rectus muscle and the lateral rectus muscle in the superior temporal quadrant, respectively, and are located within a constant area; wherein, the buckling suture points P1 and P2 are determined based on the planned shortening axial length MM' and the distance between the buckling pressure center and the end fixation ring, wherein the axial length MM' is the distance between the position of the fovea and the shortened target fovea M', and the target fovea M' is located on the extension of the vertical line between the apex of the anterior corneal surface and the equatorial plane of the eyeball.

[0032] Beneficial Effects: Compared to traditional techniques that rely on orbital MRI for modeling, the ocular three-dimensional modeling method and macular ligament surgical navigation system of this application utilize multimodal imaging equipment, including MRI, during modeling. In final clinical applications, a precise and simplified three-dimensional ocular model can be constructed using macular OCT scanning and axial length measurement. This model construction method is simpler and offers significant time and cost-effectiveness. Secondly, OCT has higher resolution than MRI, enabling more accurate quantification of structural abnormalities in the macular region, making it more suitable for individualized navigation design in macular ligament surgery. Furthermore, in clinical navigation applications, only OCT and biometry data are needed to construct a simplified model to determine the position of the fovea, which in turn determines the positions of the corresponding ligament suture points P1 and P2. This eliminates the need for traditional MRI or CT imaging equipment, achieving results that can only be performed by ophthalmologists. It is simple and practical, greatly reducing additional testing costs and consultation time for patients. Simultaneously, the OCT-based navigation algorithm has an inherent advantage in resolution, resulting in more accurate quantification and facilitating the widespread adoption of macular ligament surgery. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the method for constructing a three-dimensional eyeball model provided in this application embodiment;

[0035] Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of the eyeball provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating corneal parameter measurement as provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 4A schematic diagram illustrating the measurement of parameters of the anterior half of the eyeball, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the measurement of parameters of the posterior half of the eyeball, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 6 A simplified cross-sectional example diagram of a three-dimensional eyeball model provided in this application embodiment;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional reconstruction model of an eyeball and its cross-section, provided as an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] In this document, the term "comprising" is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0043] This embodiment provides, in a first aspect, as follows: Figure 1 The method for constructing a three-dimensional model of an eyeball, as shown, includes the following steps:

[0044] S1 - Data extraction of various parts of the eyeball, including:

[0045] S11 - Corneal parameter establishment and variability analysis, specifically:

[0046] Based on anterior segment OCT technology, the corneal diameter AB is obtained using the limbus as the measurement point;

[0047] Corneal variability analysis was performed based on the obtained corneal diameter.

[0048] S12 - Establishment and variability analysis of parameters for the anterior half of the eyeball, specifically:

[0049] Based on MRI technology, parameters of the anterior half of the eyeball are measured with the equatorial plane of the eyeball as the boundary. The parameters of the anterior half of the eyeball include the transverse diameter CD of the eyeball passing through the equatorial plane of the eyeball and the vertical distance OO' of the vertex of the anterior surface of the cornea from the equatorial plane of the eyeball.

[0050] A variability analysis of the anterior half of the eyeball was performed based on the obtained transverse diameter of the eyeball across the equatorial plane and the vertical distance from the vertex of the anterior corneal surface to the equatorial plane.

[0051] S13 - Establishment and variability analysis of parameters for the posterior half of the eyeball, specifically:

[0052] Based on wide-angle rear segment OCT technology, with the equatorial plane of the eyeball as the reference, the parameters of the posterior half of the eyeball are measured. The parameters of the posterior half of the eyeball include the vertical distance O'M from the center vertex of the posterior sclera to the equatorial plane of the eyeball.

[0053] A variability analysis of the posterior half of the eyeball was performed based on the vertical distance from the central vertex of the posterior sclera to the equatorial plane of the eyeball.

[0054] S2 - Constructs a 3D model of the eyeball using corneal parameters, parameters of the anterior half of the eyeball, and parameters of the posterior half of the eyeball, specifically including:

[0055] S21 - Obtain corneal curvature R and anterior scleral curvature R' based on IOLMaster;

[0056] S22 - Construct a corneal model OAB based on corneal curvature R and corneal diameter AB. The corneal model OAB includes point O, point A, point B and several connecting lines. Point O is the vertex of the anterior surface of the cornea, and points A and B are points on the limbus corresponding to the corneal diameter. Points A and B are located on both sides of point O.

[0057] S23 - Based on the curvature R' of the anterior half of the sclera, the transverse diameter CD of the eyeball passing through the equatorial plane, the vertical distance OO' of the vertex of the anterior corneal surface from the equatorial plane, and the corneal model OAB, construct the anterior half model OACO'DB of the eyeball. The anterior half model OACO'DB of the eyeball includes points O, A, B, C, O', and D, and several connecting lines. Among them, point O' is the intersection of the vertical line passing through point O on the equatorial plane and the equatorial plane. Points C and D are two points on the equatorial plane corresponding to the transverse diameter of the eyeball passing through the equatorial plane. Points C and D are located on both sides of point O.

[0058] S24 - Obtain the axial length OM of the eyeball based on IOLMaster, and determine the position of the central vertex M of the posterior scleral macula based on the axial length OM and the extension line of the line connecting point O and point O', wherein the central vertex M of the posterior scleral macula is located on the extension line of the line connecting point O and point O'.

[0059] S25: Based on the position of the central vertex M of the posterior scleral macular and the anterior half of the eyeball model OACO'DB, a three-dimensional model of the eyeball is constructed. The region enclosed by points O, A, C, D, and B in the three-dimensional model is defined as a constant region with low variability, while the region enclosed by point C, the central vertex M of the posterior scleral macular, and point D is defined as a variable region with high variability. The constructed three-dimensional model of the eyeball is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0060] In a second aspect, this embodiment discloses a macular ligament surgical navigation system, including a model building module and a ligament suture point calculation module;

[0061] The model building module is configured to: accurately calculate the axial length using IOLMaster, determine the position of the fovea, assess the macular schisis based on OCT, and estimate the amount of surgery required.

[0062] The buckling suture point calculation module is configured to calculate the positions of buckling suture points P1 and P2 based on the three-dimensional model of the eyeball. Specifically, buckling suture points P1 and P2 are located beside the superior rectus and lateral rectus muscles in the superior temporal quadrant, respectively, and within a constant region. The buckling suture points P1 and P2 are determined based on the planned shortening axial length MM' and the distance between the buckling apex center and the distal fixation ring. The axial length MM' is the distance between the position of the fovea and the shortened target fovea M', and the target fovea M' is located on the extension of the vertical line between the apex of the anterior corneal surface and the equatorial plane of the eyeball.

[0063] Below, this text will provide a more detailed explanation of the above technical content based on actual experimental examples:

[0064] First, ocular biological parameters were measured in 40 patients with high myopia, primarily using MRI, anterior and posterior segment OCT, and the IOL-master biometer.

[0065] When establishing corneal parameters and analyzing variability, such as Figure 3 As shown, the measured corneal diameter (with the limbus as the measurement point) is 12.16 ± 0.23 mm, and the corresponding variability analysis result is small.

[0066] In the establishment and variability analysis of parameters in the anterior half of the eyeball, such as Figure 4 As shown, the measured transverse diameter of the eyeball across the equatorial plane is 25.54 ± 0.35 mm, and the corresponding variability analysis result is small. The measured vertical distance from the vertex of the anterior corneal surface to the equatorial plane is 13.68 ± 0.27 mm, and the corresponding variability analysis result is small.

[0067] In the establishment and variability analysis of parameters in the posterior part of the eyeball, such as Figure 5 The measured vertical distance from the posterior scleral fovea to the equatorial plane of the eyeball is 17.52±1.79 mm, and the corresponding variability analysis results show that the posterior sclera has large variability; the morphology of the posterior sclera has large variability, but the position of the fovea centralis is located on the axial length of the eye and remains basically unchanged; the amount of macular schisis has large variability, and the amount of surgery varies greatly.

[0068] Through multimodal biological parameter analysis of 40 patients with high myopia, a simplified model of the eyeball in high myopia was constructed, providing valuable geometric reference for surgical navigation. Figure 6 The diagram shows that the eyeball structure in high myopia is divided into two regions: 1) the anterior half of the eyeball, OACDB, is a constant region with small variations in three-dimensional parameters; 2) the posterior half of the eyeball, CMD, is a variable region with greater individual differences. High myopia patients exhibit significant axial length variation, but point M still lies on the extension of OO'. The position of OM can be determined by accurately measuring the axial length OM. Since the macular cingulate needs to be fixed in the constant region, only the location of M needs to be determined for precise preoperative surgical positioning design. Therefore, this simplified eyeball model can meet the needs of cingulate surgery navigation.

[0069] Furthermore, based on the construction of the simplified eyeball model, the positions of the cingulate points P1 and P2 were calculated. (Reference) Figure 7 As shown, the buckle suture points P1 and P2 are located beside the superior rectus and lateral rectus muscles in the superior temporal quadrant, respectively, within the constant area. The positions of points P (P1 and P2) are determined by the planned axial length reduction (MM') and the distance between the buckle pressure center and the distal fixation ring. Figure 7 In the diagram, O represents the apex of the anterior corneal surface, M represents the fovea centralis (i.e., the aforementioned posterior scleral fovea centralis apex), L represents the limbus, and ON represents the optic nerve; OM represents the axial length, M'M represents the estimated apical pressure (i.e., the planned axial shortening), the shaded area represents the macular cingulate, B represents the position of the macular cingulate apical pressure plate, P represents the anterior suture point of the cingulate, and LP represents the distance from the cingulate suture point to the limbus.

[0070] Therefore, in clinical practice, the specifications of the macular buckle can be determined based on the axis length OM, and the positions of the buckle suture points P1 and P2 can be further determined to optimize the macular buckle surgery process.

[0071] Based on the above, the ocular three-dimensional model construction method and macular ligament surgical navigation system of this embodiment do not require MRI, effectively reducing the difficulty of ocular three-dimensional reconstruction, greatly improving the accuracy of macular localization, and shortening the operation time. This reduces the difficulty of macular ligament surgery and enables individualized and precise implementation of the surgery. This embodiment describes the specific implementation method and related measurement parameters for constructing a simplified three-dimensional ocular model using multimodal imaging technology, and ultimately how to construct a simplified ocular model solely using OCT and biometry. Unlike traditional techniques that rely on orbital MRI for modeling, this solution only utilizes multimodal imaging equipment, including MRI, during model exploration. In the final clinical application, this solution completes the accurate construction of a simplified ocular model solely using macular OCT scanning and axial length measurement. In practice, this model construction is simpler and offers significant time and cost-effectiveness. Furthermore, OCT has higher resolution than MRI, enabling more precise quantification of structural abnormalities in the macular region, making it more suitable for individualized navigation design in macular ligament surgery.

[0072] This embodiment innovatively proposes a surgical navigation algorithm for the macular cingulate ligament based on a simplified eye model, which helps clinicians better perform surgical localization and quantitative design for macular cingulate ligament surgery. Through algorithm optimization, the navigation system of this scheme only requires data from OCT and biometry. Since it eliminates the need for traditional imaging equipment such as MRI or CT, the navigation design of this scheme can be entirely completed by ophthalmologists. The algorithm is simple and practical, greatly reducing additional testing costs and consultation time for patients. At the same time, the OCT-based navigation algorithm has an inherent advantage in resolution, resulting in more accurate quantification. In practical applications, the navigation system of this scheme is more effective and feasible than traditional methods, and is more conducive to the promotion of macular cingulate ligament surgery.

[0073] In clinical practice, this protocol fully validated the feasibility and accuracy of the macular cingulate navigation system based on a simplified eye model, demonstrating greater accuracy, speed, and safety compared to traditional techniques. Under the guidance of this navigation system, all 28 patients undergoing macular cingulate surgery achieved excellent expected results, characterized by precise localization consistent with the preoperative plan, significantly reduced surgical time, and a substantial decrease in surgical difficulty. Furthermore, no significant complications occurred in any of the patients.

[0074] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, code, or any suitable combination thereof. For hardware implementation, the processor may be implemented in one or more of the following: Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), processor, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, other electronic units designed to implement the functions described herein, or combinations thereof. For software implementation, some or all of the processes of the embodiments may be implemented by a computer program instructing the associated hardware. During implementation, the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable storage medium. Computer-readable storage media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein communication media include any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Storage media may be any available medium accessible to a computer. Computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code having the form of instructions or data structures and accessible to a computer.

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a three-dimensional model of an eyeball, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1 - Data extraction of various parts of the eyeball, including: S11 - Establishment and variability analysis of corneal parameters; S12 - Establishment and variability analysis of parameters for the anterior half of the eyeball; S13 - Establishment and variability analysis of parameters for the posterior half of the eyeball; S2 - Constructs a three-dimensional model of the eyeball using corneal parameters, parameters of the anterior half of the eyeball, and parameters of the posterior half of the eyeball; The establishment and variability analysis of the corneal parameters specifically include: Based on anterior segment OCT technology, the corneal diameter AB is obtained using the limbus as the measurement point; Corneal variability analysis was performed based on the obtained corneal diameter; The establishment and variability analysis of the parameters for the anterior part of the eyeball specifically include: Based on MRI technology, parameters of the anterior half of the eyeball are measured with the equatorial plane of the eyeball as the boundary. The parameters of the anterior half of the eyeball include the transverse diameter CD of the eyeball passing through the equatorial plane of the eyeball and the vertical distance OO' of the vertex of the anterior surface of the cornea from the equatorial plane of the eyeball. A variability analysis of the anterior half of the eyeball was performed based on the obtained transverse diameter of the eyeball across the equatorial plane and the vertical distance from the vertex of the anterior corneal surface to the equatorial plane. The establishment and variability analysis of parameters in the posterior part of the eyeball specifically include: Based on wide-angle rear segment OCT technology, with the equatorial plane of the eyeball as the reference, the parameters of the posterior half of the eyeball are measured. The parameters of the posterior half of the eyeball include the vertical distance O'M from the center vertex of the posterior sclera to the equatorial plane of the eyeball. A variability analysis of the posterior half of the eyeball was performed based on the vertical distance from the central vertex of the posterior sclera to the equatorial plane of the eyeball. The construction of a three-dimensional eyeball model using corneal parameters, parameters of the anterior half of the eyeball, and parameters of the posterior half of the eyeball specifically includes: S21 - Obtain corneal curvature R and anterior scleral curvature R' based on IOLMaster; S22 - Construct a corneal model OAB based on corneal curvature R and corneal diameter AB. The corneal model OAB includes point O, point A, point B and several connecting lines. Point O is the vertex of the anterior surface of the cornea, and points A and B are points on the limbus corresponding to the corneal diameter. Points A and B are located on both sides of point O. S23 - Based on the curvature R' of the anterior half of the sclera, the transverse diameter CD of the eyeball passing through the equatorial plane, the vertical distance OO' of the vertex of the anterior corneal surface from the equatorial plane, and the corneal model OAB, construct the anterior half model OACO'DB of the eyeball. The anterior half model OACO'DB of the eyeball includes points O, A, B, C, O', and D, and several connecting lines. Among them, point O' is the intersection of the vertical line passing through point O on the equatorial plane and the equatorial plane. Points C and D are two points on the equatorial plane corresponding to the transverse diameter of the eyeball passing through the equatorial plane. Points C and D are located on both sides of point O. S24 - Obtain the axial length OM of the eyeball based on IOLMaster, and determine the position of the central vertex M of the posterior scleral macula based on the axial length OM and the extension line of the line connecting point O and point O', wherein the central vertex M of the posterior scleral macula is located on the extension line of the line connecting point O and point O'. S25: Based on the position of the central vertex M of the posterior scleral macula and the anterior half model OACO'DB of the eyeball, a three-dimensional model of the eyeball is constructed. The region enclosed by points O, A, C, D and B in the three-dimensional model of the eyeball is defined as a constant region with low variability, and the region enclosed by point C, the central vertex M of the posterior scleral macula and point D in the three-dimensional model of the eyeball is defined as a variable region with high variability.

2. A macular buckle surgical navigation system, characterized in that, Includes a model building module and a buckling suture point calculation module; The model building module is configured to: accurately calculate the axial length using IOLMaster, determine the position of the fovea, assess the macular schisis based on OCT, and estimate the amount of surgery required. The buckling suture point calculation module is configured to calculate the positions of buckling suture points P1 and P2 based on the three-dimensional eyeball model obtained by the eyeball three-dimensional model construction method described in claim 1.

3. The macular buckle surgical navigation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The buckling suture points P1 and P2 are located beside the superior rectus and lateral rectus muscles in the superior temporal quadrant, respectively, and are located within the constant area. The buckling suture points P1 and P2 are determined based on the planned shortening axial length MM' and the distance between the buckling pressure center and the end fixation ring. The axial length MM' is the distance between the position of the fovea and the shortened target fovea M', and the target fovea M' is located on the extension of the vertical line between the apex of the anterior corneal surface and the equatorial plane of the eyeball.

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