A polar ship anti-freezing system capable of actively adjusting waste energy

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of polar ship anti-freezing system of active allocation waste energy, compressor unit pipe circulation main system connects refrigerant water pipe circulation subsystem and heat medium water pipe circulation subsystem to drive anti-freezing system operation, compressor unit pipe circulation main system includes compressor, expansion valve, evaporative module, condensing module, compressor is connected expansion valve, evaporative module, condensing module in turn to form compressor unit pipe circulation main loop;Anti-freezing system is equipped with automatic control device, through the common operation of compressor and hot and cold medium water pump, the heat inside anti-freezing system is removed from heating cabin side and domestic sewage side to anti-freezing equipment side, and the heating demand of anti-freezing equipment is realized using ship waste heat.The waste energy of polar ship is actively allocated and reasonably used by the anti-freezing system, first, the anti-freezing effect of equipment is guaranteed, second, the temperature of ship heating cabin is guaranteed, and finally, the energy consumption of anti-freezing expenditure is reduced as far as possible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a ship antifreeze system for preventing equipment freezing on ships navigating in polar regions, and belongs to the field of polar ship cold-weather protection technology. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the departure of the Xue Long 2 polar icebreaker research vessel to the North and South Poles, my country's polar scientific research has reached a new peak. With the design and construction of a new batch of polar vessels, numerous design challenges have emerged that urgently need to be addressed by Chinese polar vessel designers. Among these, antifreeze protection is a crucial issue. The extremely low temperatures in polar regions affect the physical properties of the vessel's external equipment, which in turn is related to the safety of polar equipment operations and the smooth progress of polar scientific research.

[0003] Traditional polar antifreeze systems use electric heating equipment, which has a low energy efficiency ratio; one unit of electricity can only generate less than one unit of heat. When sailing in polar waters where resupply is inconvenient, the antifreeze equipment consumes a large amount of the ship's energy. On the other hand, although sailing in cold regions, the heat generated in the ship's internal cabins often still requires electricity for air conditioning or mechanical ventilation to cool down. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a polar ship antifreeze system that can actively allocate waste energy. Through this antifreeze system, the waste energy of polar ships can be actively allocated and rationally utilized. First, the antifreeze effect of the equipment is guaranteed. Second, the temperature of the ship's heated compartments is guaranteed. Finally, the energy consumption for antifreeze expenditure is reduced as much as possible.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: a polar vessel antifreeze system capable of actively allocating waste energy, comprising a compressor unit pipeline circulation main system, a chilled water pipeline circulation subsystem, and a hot water pipeline circulation subsystem. The compressor unit pipeline circulation main system connects to the chilled water pipeline circulation subsystem and the hot water pipeline circulation subsystem to jointly drive the operation of the antifreeze system. The compressor unit pipeline circulation main system includes a compressor, an expansion valve, an evaporation module, and a condensation module. The compressor is sequentially connected to the expansion valve, the evaporation module, and the condensation module to form the compressor unit pipeline circulation main loop. The antifreeze system is equipped with an automatic control device. Through the joint operation of the compressor in the compressor unit pipeline circulation main system and the chilled and hot water pumps in the chilled water pipeline circulation subsystem and the hot water pipeline circulation subsystem, the heat inside the antifreeze system is transferred from the heating compartment side and the sewage side to the antifreeze equipment side, utilizing the ship's waste heat to meet the heating needs of the antifreeze equipment.

[0006] Furthermore, when the antifreeze system is running, the primary antifreeze heat is preferentially obtained from the heating chamber, while simultaneously reducing the temperature of the heating chamber and maintaining it at the design temperature.

[0007] Furthermore, when the heat from the heating compartments is insufficient, secondary antifreeze heat can be obtained from the ship's waste heat, such as domestic sewage.

[0008] Furthermore, an electric heater is added to the antifreeze equipment as a supplement to the three-level antifreeze heat or emergency antifreeze system.

[0009] Furthermore, the refrigerant water pipeline circulation subsystem includes a refrigerant water pump, a heat exchanger for the heating chamber and a heat exchanger for domestic sewage, an antifreeze refrigerant water pipeline, and an evaporation module for the compressor unit pipeline. The refrigerant water pump is connected to the heat exchanger for the heating chamber and the heat exchanger for domestic sewage through the antifreeze refrigerant water pipeline and the evaporation module to form a refrigerant water pipeline circulation sub-loop.

[0010] Furthermore, the heat medium water pipeline circulation subsystem includes a heat medium water pump, an antifreeze equipment heater, a heat medium water pipeline, and a condensation module of the compressor pipeline. The heat medium water pump is connected to the antifreeze equipment heater through the heat medium water pipeline and the condensation module of the compressor pipeline to form a heat medium water pipeline circulation sub-loop.

[0011] Furthermore, multiple antifreeze devices are connected in parallel to the hot water pipeline circulation subsystem, and multiple heat-generating compartments and ship waste heat are connected in parallel to the cold water pipeline circulation subsystem.

[0012] Furthermore, the circulating medium in the compressor piping circulation main system is refrigerant.

[0013] Furthermore, the circulating medium of the chilled water pipeline circulation subsystem is antifreeze chilled water, and the circulating medium of the hot water pipeline circulation subsystem is antifreeze hot water.

[0014] Furthermore, all circulation pipes within the antifreeze system are wrapped with thermal insulation and cold-proofing materials.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0016] 1. The present invention can use waste heat from ships as a heat source for the antifreeze system of polar ships, and use waste heat to prevent equipment from freezing.

[0017] 2. While preventing equipment from freezing, this invention can effectively regulate and precisely control the temperature of the heat-generating areas on the ship, and simultaneously control the air conditioning of the heat-generating areas and maintain room temperature while extracting heat.

[0018] 3. This invention uses a compressor-based refrigeration-heat pump cycle as an energy lever. One unit of electricity can extract multiple units of heat for antifreeze purposes, and at the same time, it can extract multiple units of cold energy for temperature control in the heating chamber, resulting in a high overall energy efficiency ratio.

[0019] 4. The key technical point of this invention is the use of mechanical circulation to drive the polar ship antifreeze system, which effectively utilizes waste heat and external cold energy to regulate the temperature of antifreeze equipment and heat-generating areas in both directions. Furthermore, through the circulation of a refrigeration heat pump, the transfer and exchange of cold and heat energy are amplified, resulting in significant energy savings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the polar vessel antifreeze system of the present invention, which can actively allocate waste energy;

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Compressor unit main circulation system; 2. Refrigerant water circulation subsystem; 3. Hot water circulation subsystem; 4. Compressor; 5. Expansion valve; 6. Evaporation module; 7. Condensation module; 8. Refrigerant water pump; 9. Hot water pump; 10. Heating chamber; 11. Domestic sewage tank; 12. Antifreeze equipment; 13. Heating chamber temperature sensor; 14. Heating chamber temperature controller; 15. Electric heater; 16. Heating chamber heat exchanger; 17. Domestic sewage heat exchanger; 18. Antifreeze equipment heater; 19. Refrigerant water distributor; 20. Antifreeze equipment temperature sensor; 21. Antifreeze equipment heating temperature controller; 22. Hot water distributor; 23. Domestic sewage tank branch valve. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a polar vessel antifreeze system capable of actively allocating waste energy, comprising a compressor unit pipeline circulation main system 1, a chilled water pipeline circulation subsystem 2, and a hot water pipeline circulation subsystem 3. The compressor unit pipeline circulation main system 1 connects to the chilled water pipeline circulation subsystem 2 and the hot water pipeline circulation subsystem 3 to jointly drive the operation of the antifreeze system. The antifreeze system is equipped with an automatic control device. Through the joint operation of the compressor in the compressor unit pipeline circulation main system 1 and the chilled and hot water pumps in the chilled water pipeline circulation subsystem 2 and the hot water pipeline circulation subsystem 3, the heat inside the antifreeze system is transferred from the heat-generating compartment side and the sewage side to the antifreeze equipment side, utilizing the ship's waste heat to meet the heating needs of the antifreeze equipment.

[0024] When the antifreeze system is operating, primary antifreeze heat is preferentially drawn from the heat-generating compartments, simultaneously lowering their temperature and maintaining it at the design temperature. When the heat from the heat-generating compartments is insufficient, secondary antifreeze heat is drawn from waste heat from the ship, such as sewage. If necessary, electric heating at the antifreeze equipment can supplement tertiary antifreeze heat or the emergency antifreeze system.

[0025] The compressor unit piping circulation main system 1 includes compressor 4, expansion valve 5, evaporator module 6, condenser module 7, and corresponding refrigerant piping. Compressor 4 is sequentially connected to expansion valve 5, evaporator module 6, and condenser module 7 to form the compressor unit piping circulation main loop.

[0026] The refrigerant water circulation subsystem 2 includes a refrigerant water pump 8, a heat exchanger for the heating chamber 16 and a domestic sewage heat exchanger 17, antifreeze refrigerant water pipelines, and an evaporation module 6 for the compressor unit pipelines. The refrigerant water pump 8 connects to the heat exchanger for the heating chamber 16 and the domestic sewage heat exchanger 17 via the antifreeze refrigerant water pipelines and the evaporation module 6 to form a refrigerant water circulation sub-loop.

[0027] The heat transfer medium water pipeline circulation subsystem 3 includes a heat transfer medium water pump 9, an antifreeze equipment heater 18, heat transfer medium water pipelines, and a condensation module 7 for the compressor pipelines. The heat transfer medium water pump 9 is connected to the antifreeze equipment heater 18 via the heat transfer medium water pipelines and the condensation module 7 for the compressor pipelines to form a heat transfer medium water pipeline circulation sub-loop.

[0028] Multiple antifreeze devices can be connected in parallel to the hot water pipeline circulation subsystem, and multiple heat-generating compartments and ship waste heat can be connected in parallel to the cold water pipeline circulation subsystem.

[0029] The circulating medium in the compressor piping circulation main system 1 is refrigerant.

[0030] The circulating medium of the chilled water pipeline circulation subsystem 2 is antifreeze chilled water, and the circulating medium of the hot water pipeline circulation subsystem 3 is antifreeze hot water.

[0031] All circulation pipes within the antifreeze system are wrapped with thermal insulation and cold-proof material.

[0032] The working principle of this invention is as follows: an electrically driven compressor unit and a cold / heating medium water pump serve as the mechanical power for the antifreeze system. The evaporation and condensation of the refrigerant are used to transport redundant waste heat from the ship to the antifreeze equipment to prevent the equipment from freezing. At the same time, the external cold energy at the antifreeze equipment is transported to the internal heat-generating compartments of the ship to cool them down and maintain the required room temperature. The antifreeze heat source is divided into three stages. First, the refrigerant transports heat from the heat-generating compartments as the first stage of heat. When the required antifreeze heat is too large and the heat-generating compartments cannot meet it, heat is extracted from domestic wastewater as the second stage of heat. If necessary, the electric heating at the antifreeze equipment serves as the third stage of heat supplement or as an emergency antifreeze backup.

[0033] The specific working process of this invention:

[0034] The compressor 4 is started, driving the refrigerant through the compressor unit pipeline circulation 1. After being compressed and condensed by the compressor 4, the refrigerant is depressurized through the expansion valve 5 and enters the evaporation module 6 to evaporate and absorb heat, exchanging heat with the refrigerant water in the refrigerant water pipeline circulation 2. After becoming gaseous, it enters the condensation module 7 to condense and release heat, exchanging heat with the hot refrigerant water in the hot refrigerant water pipeline circulation 3, and then recirculates back to the compressor 4 to be compressed, completing one main system cycle. Driven by the refrigerant water pump 8, the high-temperature refrigerant water from the heating chamber 10 enters the evaporation module 6 to absorb heat and cool down to become low-temperature refrigerant water. After being proportionally divided by the refrigerant water diverter 19, it returns to each heating chamber 10 to exchange heat with the heating chamber heat exchanger 16 to cool the chamber. After absorbing heat from the heating chamber 10, it becomes high-temperature refrigerant water and recirculates back into the evaporation module 6, completing one subsystem cycle. Driven by the heat medium water pump 9, the low-temperature heat medium water from the antifreeze device 12 enters the condensing module 7 to cool the gaseous refrigerant. After being heated, it becomes high-temperature cold medium water and returns to the antifreeze device 12 proportionally through the heat medium water distributor 22. It then heats the antifreeze device 12 through the antifreeze device heater 18, and after being cooled, it becomes low-temperature cold medium water and recirculates into the condensing module 7, completing one subsystem cycle. The heating chamber temperature sensor 13 and the heating chamber temperature controller 14 monitor and maintain the required temperature of the heating chamber 2; the antifreeze device temperature sensor 20 and the antifreeze device heating temperature controller 21 monitor and maintain the minimum maintenance temperature required by the antifreeze device 3.

[0035] In the above process, the redundant waste heat from the ship's heat-generating compartment 10 is transferred to the antifreeze equipment 12 using the evaporation and condensation physical properties of the refrigerant, so as to heat and defrost the antifreeze equipment 12. At the same time, the cold energy from the equipment 12 is transferred to the ship's internal heat-generating compartment 10 to cool it down and maintain the required room temperature. When the required antifreeze heating is too large and the heat-generating compartment 10 cannot meet it, heat is extracted from the domestic wastewater 11 through the domestic wastewater heat exchanger 17 via the branch valve 23 of the domestic sewage tank as the second stage of heat. When necessary, the electric heater 15 at the antifreeze equipment is used as the third stage of heat supplement or as an emergency antifreeze backup.

[0036] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the content described in the claims of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polar vessel antifreeze system capable of actively allocating waste energy, characterized in that: The system includes a compressor unit piping circulation main system, a chilled water piping circulation subsystem, and a hot water piping circulation subsystem. The compressor unit piping circulation main system connects to the chilled water piping circulation subsystem and the hot water piping circulation subsystem to jointly drive the antifreeze system. The compressor unit piping circulation main system includes a compressor, an expansion valve, an evaporator module, and a condenser module. The compressor is sequentially connected to the expansion valve, evaporator module, and condenser module to form the compressor unit piping circulation main loop. The antifreeze system is equipped with an automatic control device. Through the joint operation of the compressor in the compressor unit piping circulation main system and the chilled and hot water pumps in the chilled water piping circulation subsystem and the hot water piping circulation subsystem, the system drives the heat inside the antifreeze system to migrate from the heating compartment side and the sewage side to the antifreeze equipment side, utilizing the ship's waste heat to meet the heating needs of the antifreeze equipment. The refrigerant water circulation subsystem includes a chilled water pump, a heat exchanger for the heating chamber and a domestic sewage heat exchanger, antifreeze chilled water pipelines, and an evaporation module for the compressor unit pipelines. The chilled water pump connects to the heat exchanger for the heating chamber and the domestic sewage heat exchanger via the antifreeze chilled water pipelines and the evaporation module to form a chilled water pipeline circulation sub-loop. The hot water pipeline circulation subsystem includes a hot water pump, an antifreeze equipment heater, hot water pipelines, and a condensation module for the compressor pipelines. The hot water pump connects to the antifreeze equipment heater via the hot water pipelines and the condensation module for the compressor pipelines to form a hot water pipeline circulation sub-loop. When the antifreeze system is running, the primary antifreeze heat is first obtained from the heating chamber, while simultaneously lowering the temperature of the heating chamber and maintaining it at the design temperature. When the heat from the heating chamber is insufficient, secondary antifreeze heat is obtained from the domestic sewage.

2. The polar vessel antifreeze system capable of actively allocating waste energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: Electric heating is added to the antifreeze equipment as a supplement to the three-level antifreeze heat or emergency antifreeze system.

3. The polar vessel antifreeze system capable of actively allocating waste energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple antifreeze devices are connected in parallel to the hot water pipeline circulation subsystem, and multiple heat-generating compartments and ship waste heat are connected in parallel to the cold water pipeline circulation subsystem.

4. The polar vessel antifreeze system capable of actively allocating waste energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating medium in the compressor piping circulation system is refrigerant.

5. The polar vessel antifreeze system capable of actively allocating waste energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating medium of the chilled water pipeline circulation subsystem is antifreeze chilled water; the circulating medium of the hot water pipeline circulation subsystem is antifreeze hot water.

6. The polar vessel antifreeze system capable of actively allocating waste energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: All circulation pipes within the antifreeze system are wrapped with thermal insulation and cold-proof material.

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