An Archimedean ocean energy collection device and hydrological monitoring station

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of renewable energy power generation, and in particular to an Archimedean ocean energy collection device and a hydrological monitoring station. The device comprises a float and a set of thin-plate contact-separation TENGs. The float is installed below the water body and can rise and fall with the waves, thereby driving the thin-plate contact-separation TENGs loaded inside the float to generate electricity. The float comprises a silo, a float, and an elastic annular waterproof belt connecting the two. The silo is inserted upward into the float, and the waterproof belt connects the float and the float to form a closed cylindrical chamber. The thin-plate contact-separation TENG is installed in the cylindrical chamber and comprises a fixing mechanism, a connecting rod, and a plurality of circular friction disks and electrode disks. The friction disks and electrode disks are arranged alternately and parallel along the axial direction of the cylindrical chamber. The friction disks and electrode disks are fixed to the float and the silo, respectively. The present invention solves the problem that existing friction nanogenerators are not suitable for deep-water applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy power generation, and in particular to an Archimedean ocean energy collection device and a hydrological monitoring station. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of an increasingly severe energy crisis, traditional energy sources such as oil, coal, and natural gas, which are high-quality, low-entropy, can no longer meet humanity's energy needs. The exploration of renewable energy has become one of the key challenges in sustainable energy development. Currently, people are in urgent need of alternative energy sources, such as green energy from nature, such as wind power and ocean energy.

[0003] There is a wealth of energy (including potential and kinetic energy) below sea level. Existing electromagnetic generators respond well to high frequencies, making them suitable for generating electricity from wave energy in high-velocity areas. However, they respond poorly to low frequencies in low-velocity areas. Based on this, researchers have developed new triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). TENGs utilize the triboelectric effect between materials to generate electricity. These generators can generate electricity from low-frequency wave energy and are therefore widely applicable to small devices that require self-power.

[0004] Given that generators typically require rotating structures like impellers and cups to drive the friction material to generate electricity, their waterproofing and sealing properties are relatively limited. Water ingress into the generator could lead to failure. Consequently, existing triboelectric nanogenerators typically need to be deployed above water or in shallow water. This limits their application in specialized scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem that existing friction nanogenerators are not suitable for application scenarios such as deep water, the present invention provides an Archimedean ocean energy collection device and a hydrological monitoring station.

[0006] The technical solution provided by the present invention includes the following contents:

[0007] An Archimedean ocean energy harvesting device consists of a floating body and a set of thin-plate contact-split TENGs contained within it. The floating body is installed below the water and moves with the waves, thereby driving the thin-plate contact-split TENGs loaded inside the floating body to generate electricity.

[0008] Specifically, the floating structure consists of a silo, a buoy, and an elastic, annular waterproof strip connecting the two. The silo is an upward-opening cylindrical structure containing a first cavity. The buoy is an upward-opening cylindrical structure containing a second cavity. The second cavity is larger than the silo, and the silo is inserted upward into the second cavity of the buoy. The waterproof strip is sealed to the buoy at its upper edge and to the silo at its lower edge, forming a closed cylindrical chamber within the floating structure. The cylindrical chamber is pre-pressurized to maintain the initial configuration of the floating structure.

[0009] The thin-plate contact-separation TENG is installed in a cylindrical chamber, which includes a fixing mechanism, a connecting rod, and multiple circular friction discs and electrode discs. A friction layer is provided on the surface of the friction disc, and an electrode layer is provided on the surface of the electrode disc. The friction layer and the electrode layer are made of two materials with different electronegativity. The friction disc and the electrode disc are respectively arranged alternately and parallelly along the axial direction of the cylindrical chamber. In the present invention, a through hole is provided in the center of the friction disc and the electrode disc, and the through hole on one disc body is larger than the other. The top end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top inside the float, and the other end is inserted into the through holes of the friction disc and the electrode disc, and is fixedly connected to the disc body with the smaller through hole. The disc bodies with larger through holes in the friction disc and the electrode disc are respectively connected in the silo through a fixing mechanism. In the solution of the present invention, the outer diameter of the connecting rod is smaller than the through hole diameter in the disc body with the larger through hole, thereby allowing the corresponding disc body to move up and down along the axial direction of the connecting rod.

[0010] The silo of the Archimedean ocean energy harvesting device provided by this invention is fixedly connected to a base below the water body. Within the entire device, the buoyancy of the buoy, connecting rod, and friction or electrode disc attached to it is greater than the gravity in the water. As the buoy rises and falls with the waves in the water, it drives the friction and electrode discs in the thin-plate contact-separation TENG into contact and separation, causing charge transfer between the electrode and friction layers, generating electrical energy output at the electrode discs.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the annular waterproof belt is made of silicone, rubber, resin or other wear-resistant flexible film materials.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the silo and the buoy are both barrel-shaped, and the first cavity and the second cavity therein are cylindrical.

[0013] and / or

[0014] An annular base with a size larger than the inner diameter of the second cavity in the buoy is provided at the bottom of the silo.

[0015] and / or

[0016] A straw hat-shaped floating platform is provided on the top of the buoy; the outer diameter of the floating platform is larger than the outer diameter of the buoy.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the buoy is made of lightweight material.

[0018] and / or

[0019] An air cavity is provided in the side wall and / or the top buoy platform of the buoy to provide lift underwater.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, each friction disk in the thin-plate contact-separation TENG is fixedly connected to the float through a connecting rod, and each electrode disk is fixedly connected to the silo through a fixing mechanism.

[0021] or

[0022] Each electrode disk in the thin-plate contact-separation TENG is fixedly connected to the float through a connecting rod, and each friction disk is fixedly connected to the silo through a fixing mechanism.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present invention, the friction discs or electrode discs are arranged at equal intervals on the connecting rod; the electrode discs or friction discs are arranged at equal intervals on the fixing mechanism; and the distance between any two adjacent friction discs is equal to the distance between any two adjacent electrode discs.

[0024] As a further improvement to the present invention, a one-way air valve is also provided in the silo or float, communicating with the internal cylindrical chamber. This valve is used to pressurize the cylindrical chamber to pre-adjust the initial positions of the friction disks and adjacent electrode disks in the thin-plate contact-separate TENG, ensuring that the friction disks and electrode disks are initially close but not in contact.

[0025] As a further improvement of the present invention, friction layers are provided on both the front and back sides of the friction disc, and the friction layers are made of dielectric materials, including FEP, PVDF, and PETT.

[0026] and / or

[0027] The electrode disk has electrode layers on both sides, which are made of conductive materials such as gold, silver, copper, iron, aluminum, and any other single metal or alloy material.

[0028] and / or

[0029] In a thin-plate contact-split TENG, the electrode layers on the upper surfaces of each electrode layer are electrically connected to form a first electrode, and the electrode layers on the lower surfaces of each electrode layer are electrically connected to form a second electrode. The first and second electrodes serve as the power output ports of the thin-plate contact-split TENG.

[0030] As a further improvement of the present invention, the electrode layer includes a copper thin film electrode and a nylon layer thereon.

[0031] and / or

[0032] The copper film electrode is also pre-charged with surface charge through high-voltage discharge.

[0033] The present invention also includes a hydrological monitoring station, which is used to monitor hydrological data in a water body. The hydrological monitoring station includes: an energy storage device, a variety of hydrological monitoring sensors, a communication module, a data processing module, a storage module, and the Archimedean ocean energy collection device as described above. On the one hand, the Archimedean ocean energy collection device serves as an energy harvesting device, which is used to directly power the hydrological monitoring sensors, the communication module, and the data processing module, or to charge the energy storage device for indirect power supply. On the other hand, it serves as a state detection mechanism for wave energy in a water body, which is used to record a corresponding state signal when the output of the thin-plate contact-separation TENG exceeds a preset amplitude or frequency threshold; the state signal is used for hydrological analysis.

[0034] The technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] This invention provides a novel Archimedean-style ocean energy harvesting device comprising a floating body and a thin-plate contact-and-split TENG. The buoys and silos within the floating body circulate and move closer with the waves, driving the thin-plate contact-and-split TENG within the floating body to generate electricity. Compared to conventional wave energy conversion devices, this solution can be fully submerged in water, offering excellent concealment.

[0036] In addition, the ocean energy collection device provided by the present invention can not only be used to collect wave energy for power generation, but can also serve as a sensor system for underwater environment monitoring and data collection, and can be used to design and manufacture special self-powered hydrological monitoring equipment, thereby extending the service life of such equipment and reducing its maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Archimedean ocean energy collection device provided in Example 1 of the present invention after assembly.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the half-section structure of the Archimedean ocean energy collection device provided in Example 1 of the present invention along a vertical plane.

[0039] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the Archimedean ocean energy collection device after the annular waterproof belt is pulled out in Example 1 of the present invention

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the silo and buoy parts of the Archimedean ocean energy collection device in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5This is an exploded view of the structure of the Archimedean ocean energy collection device according to Example 1 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 6 This is the structural assembly diagram of the thin-plate contact-separation TENG in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of an Archimedean ocean energy collection device using a sleeve as a fixing mechanism in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of an Archimedean ocean energy collection device using a vertical rod as a fixing mechanism in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of an Archimedean ocean energy collection device using a bracket as a fixing mechanism in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of the Archimedean ocean energy collection device with a one-way valve provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0047] The following are marked in the figure:

[0048] 1. Floating body; 2. Thin-plate contact-separation TENG; 11. Silo; 12. Float; 13. Annular waterproof belt; 21. Friction disc; 22. Electrode disc; 23. Connecting rod; 24. Fixing mechanism; 111. Annular base; 120. One-way air valve; 121. Floating platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "or / and" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] This embodiment provides an Archimedean ocean energy collection device, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it includes a float 1 and a set of thin-plate contact-separation TENGs 2 installed inside the float 1. A prominent advantage of this embodiment of the Archimedean ocean energy harvesting device is that it is a submersible triboelectric nanogenerator. In use, the float 1 is installed below the water body and can move with the waves, thereby driving the thin-plate contact-separation TENGs 2 loaded inside the float 1 to generate electricity. Because the generator can be completely hidden underwater, it can be applied to certain special application scenarios.

[0053] Specifically, if Figure 3 As shown, the floating body 1 provided in this embodiment includes a silo 11, a buoy 12, and an annular waterproof belt 13 connecting the two. Figure 4 As shown, the silo 11 is a cylindrical structure with an opening facing upward, which includes a first cavity therein. The float 12 is a cylindrical structure with an opening facing upward, which includes a second cavity therein. The size of the second cavity is larger than the silo 11. In this embodiment, the silo 11 is inserted upward into the second cavity in the float 12. The connection between the two is equivalent to putting a large barrel (float 12) upside down on a small barrel (silo 11). It should be noted that the scheme of the present invention does not limit the shape of the silo 11 and the float 12. In the specific scheme of this embodiment, the silo 11 and the float 12 are both barrel-shaped, and the first cavity and the second cavity therein are cylindrical. In other embodiments, the silo 11 and the float 12 can also adopt a square barrel or other barrel-shaped structure. As long as the shapes of the two are similar, the silo 11 is allowed to be inserted into the interior of the float 12 and can be freely raised and lowered. In addition, when the shape of the floating body 1 changes, the shapes of the electrode disk 22 and the friction disk 21 in the thin-plate contact-separation TENG 2 installed therein should also be adaptively adjusted.

[0054] In addition, in a more optimized solution of this embodiment, an annular base 111 having a size larger than the inner diameter of the second cavity in the float 12 is provided at the bottom of the silo 11. The function of the annular base 111 is to serve as a counterweight for the silo 11, lowering the center of gravity of the silo 11 so that the silo 11 can maintain an upward opening as much as possible underwater. The annular base 111 and the main body of the silo 11 can adopt an integrated structure or a detachable split structure. In actual products, the annular base 111 should adopt a solid structure and be made of a relatively high-density material, such as metal or stone.

[0055] In the floating body 1 of the Archimedean ocean energy collection device provided in this embodiment, the silo 11 needs to remain sunken when in use, while the buoy 12 should remain floating when in use. Therefore, in a more optimized solution of this embodiment, a straw hat-shaped floating platform 121 is provided on the top of the buoy 12; the outer diameter of the floating platform 121 is larger than the outer diameter of the buoy 12. Figure 4As can be seen, the floating platform 121 in this embodiment comprises a brim-shaped annular plate and hemispherical protrusions located on the annular plate. The floating platform 121 in this embodiment serves two purposes: first, it increases the volume of the buoy 12, thereby increasing the underwater buoyancy of the buoy 12 and its load. To enhance this effect, the buoy 12 and the floating platform 121 in this embodiment should be made of lightweight materials, such as balsa wood or various types of foamed resin materials. Furthermore, if necessary, hollow air cavities may be provided in the sidewalls of the buoy 12 and / or the top of the floating platform 121 to further enhance the underwater lift of the buoy 12. Second, the annular plate in the floating platform 121 increases the vertical contact area of ​​the buoy 12 with the water, allowing the buoy 12 to more effectively absorb kinetic and potential energy in the water and rise and fall with the flow of the water.

[0056] The annular waterproof belt 13 in the float 1 provided in this embodiment is made of a flexible waterproof film with elasticity, and can be made of silicone, rubber, resin or other wear-resistant flexible film materials. Figure 3 It can be seen that the upper edge of the waterproof belt in the float 1 is sealed to the buoy 12, and the lower edge is sealed to the silo 11. The annular waterproof belt 13 can connect the upper buoy 12 and the lower silo 11 into a whole, thereby forming a closed columnar chamber in the float 1. In this combined state, when the float 12 descends relative to the silo 11, the annular waterproof belt 13 is compressed, folded and stored in the interlayer space between the float 12 and the silo 11, and the volume of the columnar cavity in the float 1 becomes smaller. When the float 12 rises relative to the silo 11, the annular waterproof belt 13 is fully or partially unfolded, and the space of the columnar cavity becomes larger. In particular, in the Archimedean ocean energy collection device provided in this embodiment, the columnar chamber is pre-pressurized to maintain the initial shape of the float 1.

[0057] The thin-plate contact-separation TENG 2 of this embodiment is installed in the cylindrical cavity inside the float 1. Figure 5As shown, the thin-plate contact-separation TENG 2 includes a fixing mechanism 24, a connecting rod 23, and multiple circular friction discs 21 and electrode discs 22. A friction layer is provided on the surface of the friction disc 21, and an electrode layer is provided on the surface of the electrode disc 22. The friction layer and the electrode layer are made of two materials with different electronegativity. In this embodiment, the fixing mechanism 24 fixes each friction disc 21 to the silo 11 in the floating body 1, while the connecting rod 23 fixes the electrode disc 22 to the buoy 12 in the floating body 1. Furthermore, the friction discs 21 and electrode discs 22 in this embodiment are arranged alternately and parallel along the axial direction of the cylindrical chamber. The structure composed of all friction discs 21 and electrode discs 22 is denoted as a disc array. When viewed along the axial direction of the connecting rod 23, each friction disc 21 and each electrode disc 22 is located at an odd position and an even position of the disc array, respectively.

[0058] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the friction disc 21 and electrode disc 22 are respectively connected to different relatively movable components in different floating bodies 1. This is to ensure that the friction disc 21 and electrode disc 22 can frequently come into contact and separate with the rise and fall of the buoy 12 and silo 11. For this reason, the connection relationship between the friction disc 21 and electrode disc 22 and the silo 11 and buoy 12 in this embodiment is not unique. In other embodiments, it is also possible to secure each electrode disc 22 to the silo 11 in the floating body 1 using a securing mechanism 24, and secure the friction disc 21 to the buoy 12 in the floating body 1 using a connecting rod 23.

[0059] The following describes the Archimedean ocean energy collection device in this embodiment, using a structure in which the friction disc 21 is connected to the buoy 12 via a connecting rod 23 and the electrode disc 22 is connected to the silo 11 via a fixing mechanism 24.

[0060] Combine Figure 5 and Figure 6 As can be seen, in the thin-plate contact-separation TENG 2, the friction disks 21 and electrode disks 22 are coaxially and alternately arranged within the cylindrical cavity of the float 1. In a more optimized solution, the friction disks 21 are evenly spaced on the connecting rod 23; the electrode disks 22 are evenly spaced on the fixing mechanism 24; and the spacing between any two adjacent friction disks 21 is equal to the spacing between any two adjacent electrode disks 22. This ensures that when the buoy 12 drives the friction disks 21 up or down, each friction disk 21 can synchronously contact the lower or upper surface of the adjacent electrode disk 22, avoiding phase differences in the power output of each electrode disk 22. Through-holes are centrally located in the friction disks 21 and electrode disks 22 in the disk array, and the through-holes in each electrode disk 22 are larger than those in the friction disk 21. The top end of the connecting rod 23 is fixedly connected to the top of the buoy 12, and the bottom end extends downward through the through-holes in all friction disks 21 and electrode disks 22.

[0061] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the outer diameter of the connecting rod 23 matches the size of the through-holes in the friction discs 21, and the two are assembled through interference fit, welding, or fixedly connected using other fasteners. The outer diameter of the connecting rod 23 is smaller than the size of the through-holes in the electrode discs 22, allowing the electrode discs 22 to move up and down along the connecting rod 23. When fasteners are used to connect the friction discs 21 and the connecting rod 23, one feasible solution is for the designer to provide external threads in the connecting rod 23 at the mounting locations corresponding to each friction disc 21, and then sequentially secure each friction disc 21 to the connecting rod 23 using nuts or the like. During the installation of the friction discs 21, the electrode discs 22 are alternately positioned between adjacent friction discs 21.

[0062] In the solution of this embodiment, multiple solutions are provided for fixing the electrode disk 22 in the silo 11 through the fixing mechanism 24, specifically including:

[0063] Option 1:

[0064] like Figure 7 As shown, the size of each electrode disc 22 is appropriately enlarged, making its diameter larger than that of the friction disc 21. A sleeve with an inner diameter greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the electrode disc 22 and smaller than the inner diameter of the silo 11 is then used as a fixing mechanism 24. Each electrode disc 22 and friction disc 21 is placed within the sleeve. The sleeve is then secured along the outer circumference of the electrode disc 22, ensuring a fixed spacing between the electrode discs 22. In this solution, the electrode disc 22 and sleeve can be secured together using an interference fit or welding, or by providing corresponding fasteners on the inside of the sleeve to secure the two. For example, a technician can drill holes in the edge of the electrode disc 22 and then install outwardly extending connecting ears at corresponding locations on the inner wall of the sleeve. The electrode disc 22 and the sleeve are then secured together using screws or other similar fasteners. Finally, the sleeve is secured to the center of the silo 11.

[0065] Option 2:

[0066] like Figure 8 As shown, the electrode discs 22 are circular discs larger than the friction discs 21. The electrode discs 22 and friction discs 21 are alternately and coaxially arranged. Then, two vertical rods 24 are connected to the bottom of the silo 11 and extend upward, serving as a fixing mechanism. These rods are passed through each electrode disc 22 along the portion of the electrode disc 22 extending beyond the friction disc 21, and are fixedly connected to the electrode discs 22.

[0067] Option 3:

[0068] like Figure 9As shown, the electrode disk 22 is a circular disk of the same size as the friction disk 21 . At least one bracket is provided in the edge of each electrode disk 22 . Each bracket constitutes a fixing mechanism 24 and fixes each electrode disk 22 to the inner wall of the silo 11 .

[0069] In the solution of this embodiment, the friction disc 21 includes a substrate and friction layers attached to the front and back surfaces of the substrate, while the electrode disc 22 includes a substrate and electrode layers attached to the front and back surfaces of the substrate. The substrates of the friction disc 21 and the electrode disc 22 can be made of lightweight and high-strength insulating materials, such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PE (polyethylene), PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PC (polycarbonate) and other resin materials. The friction layer is made of a dielectric material with a strong electronegativity. Commonly used dielectric materials are fluorine-containing resin materials, including: FEP (fluorinated isopropylene), PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), PETT (polytetrafluoroethylene), etc.

[0070] Electrode layers are provided on both the front and back sides of the electrode disk 22, and the electrode layers are made of conductive materials. In this embodiment, the conductive materials used for the electrode layers include: gold, silver, copper, iron, aluminum, and any other single metal or alloy material. In the thin-plate contact separation type TENG 2, the electrode layers on the upper surfaces of each electrode layer are electrically connected to each other to form a first electrode, and the electrode layers on the lower surfaces of each electrode layer are electrically connected to each other to form a second electrode. The first electrode and the second electrode serve as the power output ports of the thin-plate contact separation type TENG 2.

[0071] The silo 11 of the Archimedean ocean energy harvesting device provided in this embodiment is fixedly connected to a base below the water body. In the entire device, the buoyancy of the assembly of the buoy 12, the connecting rod 23, and the friction disc 21 or electrode disc 22 connected thereto is greater than the gravity in the water. Specifically, the operating principle of the Archimedean ocean energy harvesting device in this embodiment is as follows:

[0072] The silo 11 in the floating body 1 can be fixed to the seabed or other underwater facilities by cables, etc., which will limit the vertical movement of the silo 11. The buoy 12 is fixedly connected to the silo 11 by an annular waterproof belt 13. The special connection structure between the two allows the buoy 12 to move up and down axially relative to the silo 11 within an appropriate range. Because the overall buoyancy of the buoy 12 is greater than the gravity, under natural conditions, the buoy 12 will tend to float up and away from the silo 11. However, when the buoy 12 is impacted by the downward force of the water in the waves, the buoy 12 will move downward and closer to the silo 11. It can be seen that below the water surface, as long as the water is in a non-stationary state, the buoy 12 will rise and fall relative to the silo 11.

[0073] On this basis, considering that the friction disc 21 in the thin-plate contact-and-separate TENG 2 of this embodiment is fixed to the float 12, while the electrode disc 22 is fixed to the silo 11, the relative movement between the float 12 and the silo 11 will cause the friction disc 21 and electrode disc 22 in the contact-and-separate TENG to frequently contact and separate. In the thin-plate contact-and-separate TENG 2 of this embodiment, the charge distribution of the first and second electrodes is uniform in the initial state. Assuming that each friction disc moves downward, contacts the first electrode of each electrode disc 22, and then separates, a charge transfer occurs between the first electrode and the friction layer on the upper surface of the friction disc 21, resulting in a charge difference between the first and second electrodes and generating electrical energy output. Assuming that each friction disc moves upward, contacts the second electrode of each electrode disc 22, and then separates, a charge transfer also occurs between the second electrode and the friction layer on the lower surface of the friction disc 21, resulting in a charge difference between the first and second electrodes and generating electrical energy output. As can be seen, as long as the buoy 12 rises and falls relative to the silo 11 under hydraulic drive, the thin-plate contact-split TENG 2 can generate stable power output. In particular, in a more optimized solution of this embodiment, the copper thin film electrode is also pre-charged with surface charge through high-voltage discharge to enhance the output of the thin-plate contact-split TENG 2 in the initial stage.

[0074] Further analysis of the working principle of the Archimedean ocean energy collection device in this embodiment shows that the frequency and amplitude of the alternating current generated by the device are related to the frequency and amplitude of the impact suffered by the float 1 underwater. Therefore, the device can actually also detect hydrological data and monitor the fluctuation frequency and amplitude of the water body.

[0075] As can be seen from the above, the columnar cavity between the silo 11 and the buoy 12 in this embodiment is pre-pressurized to position the entire float 1. On this basis, a more optimized solution of this embodiment is to further provide a one-way air valve 120 in communication with the internal columnar cavity in the silo 11 or the buoy 12. Figure 10 As shown, a one-way air valve 120 is installed on top of the float 12. Through this valve, technicians can pressurize the cylindrical chamber to pre-adjust the initial positions of the friction disks 21 and adjacent electrode disks 22 in the thin-plate contact separation TENG 2, ensuring that the friction disks 21 and electrode disks 22 are initially close but not in contact. This approach can improve the energy conversion efficiency of the thin-plate contact separation TENG 2, allowing it to generate electrical energy output as soon as the water experiences even the slightest fluctuation.

[0076] The friction layer and electrode layer in this embodiment generate electrical energy through frequent separation. Over time, these layers will wear out. To reduce wear and extend the device's lifespan, this embodiment incorporates an additional nylon layer over the copper thin-film electrodes in the electrode layer. This direct contact between the nylon layer and the FEP material in the friction layer is achieved. Both nylon and FEP are flexible, highly resilient materials that tolerate a certain degree of deformation, thus extending the lifespan of the friction and electrode layers.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] On the basis of the scheme in Example 1, this embodiment further provides a hydrological monitoring station, which is used to monitor hydrological data in a water body. The hydrological monitoring station includes: an energy storage device, a variety of hydrological monitoring sensors, a communication module, a data processing module, and an Archimedean ocean energy collection device as in Example 1. On the one hand, the Archimedean ocean energy collection device serves as an energy harvesting device, which is used to directly power the hydrological monitoring sensors, the communication module, and the data processing module, or to charge the energy storage device to achieve indirect power supply. On the other hand, it serves as a state detection mechanism for wave energy in the water body, which is used to record a corresponding state signal when the output of the thin-plate contact-separation TENG 2 exceeds a preset amplitude or frequency threshold; the state signal detected by the data processing model is stored in the storage module in the form of a work log, and is regularly sent to other devices for relevant personnel to analyze the hydrological conditions in the area where the hydrological monitoring station is installed.

[0079] In the hydrological monitoring station of this embodiment, the float 1 in the Archimedean ocean energy collection device is a good waterproof container, so the energy storage device, communication module, data processing module and storage module can be installed in the float 1.

[0080] In traditional hydrological monitoring stations, batteries need to be installed to power the equipment. The battery life is limited, so maintenance personnel need to replace the batteries regularly, which results in high equipment maintenance costs. In order to reduce maintenance costs, technicians have also installed devices such as solar power generation floats 1 near the relevant equipment, but the stability of solar power generation equipment when used on the sea surface is insufficient. The Archimedean ocean energy collection device in this embodiment is very suitable for use in this scenario. The ocean energy collection device can not only use the wind and waves or fluid energy such as tides and ocean currents in the ocean to generate a stable power supply, but can also be used as a sensor to monitor data on water body fluctuations. Powerful performance and strong practicality

[0081] The above-described embodiment merely represents one embodiment of the present invention. While the description is relatively specific and detailed, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An Archimedean ocean energy collection device, characterized in that: It includes a floating body and a group of thin-plate contact-separation TENGs contained therein, where TENG stands for triboelectric nanogenerator; The floating body includes a silo, a buoy, and an elastic annular waterproof belt connecting the two. The silo is a cylindrical structure with an upward opening, and includes a first cavity therein. The buoy is a cylindrical structure with a downward opening, and includes a second cavity therein. The second cavity is larger than the silo, and the silo is inserted upward into the second cavity of the buoy. The upper edge of the annular waterproof belt is sealed to the buoy, and the lower edge is sealed to the silo, thereby forming a closed cylindrical chamber in the floating body. The cylindrical chamber is pre-pressurized to maintain the initial shape of the floating body. The thin-plate contact-separation TENG is installed in the cylindrical chamber, which includes a fixing mechanism, a connecting rod, and multiple friction discs and electrode discs; a friction layer is provided on the surface of the friction disc, and an electrode layer is provided on the surface of the electrode disc, and the friction layer and the electrode layer are made of two materials with different electronegativity; the friction disc and the electrode disc are respectively arranged alternately and parallelly along the axial direction of the cylindrical chamber; the friction disc and the electrode disc are each provided with a through hole in the center, and the through hole on one disc body is larger than the other; the top end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top inside the float, and the other end is inserted into the through hole of the friction disc and the electrode disc, and is fixedly connected to the disc body with the smaller through hole; the disc bodies with larger through holes in the friction disc and the electrode disc are respectively connected to the silo through the fixing mechanism; the outer diameter of the connecting rod is smaller than the through hole diameter of the disc body with larger through hole; thereby allowing the corresponding disc body to move up and down along the axial direction of the connecting rod; The silo is fixedly connected to a base below the water body, and the buoyancy of the combination of the float, connecting rod, and friction disk or electrode disk connected thereto in the water body is greater than the gravity; when the float moves with the waves in the water body, it drives the friction disk and electrode disk in the thin-plate contact-separation TENG to contact and separate, causing charge transfer between the electrode layer and the friction layer, and generating electrical energy output on the electrode disk.

2. The Archimedean ocean energy collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular waterproof belt is made of silicone, rubber or resin.

3. The Archimedean ocean energy collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silo and the buoy are both barrel-shaped, and the first cavity and the second cavity therein are cylindrical; and / or The bottom of the silo is provided with an annular base having a size larger than the inner diameter of the second cavity in the buoy; and / or A straw hat-shaped floating platform is provided on the top of the buoy; the outer diameter of the floating platform is larger than the outer diameter of the buoy.

4. The Archimedean ocean energy collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The buoy is made of lightweight materials; and / or An air cavity for providing lift underwater is provided in the side wall and / or the floating platform on the top of the buoy.

5. The Archimedean ocean energy collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each friction disk in the thin-plate contact-separation TENG is fixedly connected to the float via the connecting rod, and each electrode disk is fixedly connected to the silo via the fixing mechanism; or Each electrode disk in the thin-plate contact-separation TENG is fixedly connected to the float through the connecting rod, and each friction disk is fixedly connected to the silo through the fixing mechanism.

6. The Archimedean ocean energy collection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The friction discs or electrode discs are arranged at equal intervals on the connecting rod; the electrode discs or friction discs are arranged at equal intervals on the fixing mechanism; and the distance between any two adjacent friction discs is equal to the distance between any two adjacent electrode discs.

7. The Archimedean ocean energy collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silo or float is also provided with a one-way air valve connected to the internal cylindrical chamber; the one-way air valve is used to pressurize the cylindrical chamber to pre-adjust the initial positions of each friction disk and adjacent electrode disk in the thin-plate contact-separation TENG, and make each friction disk and each electrode disk close but not in contact in the initial state.

8. The Archimedean ocean energy collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction disc is provided with friction layers on both the front and back sides, and the friction layers are made of dielectric materials; the dielectric materials include: fluorinated isopropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polytetrafluoroethylene; and / or The electrode disk is provided with electrode layers on both the front and back sides, and the electrode layers are made of conductive materials; the conductive materials include: gold, silver, copper, iron, aluminum or alloy materials; and / or In the thin-plate contact-separation type TENG, the electrode layers on the upper surfaces of each electrode layer are electrically connected to each other to form a first electrode, and the electrode layers on the lower surfaces of each electrode layer are electrically connected to each other to form a second electrode; the first electrode and the second electrode serve as the power output ports of the thin-plate contact-separation type TENG.

9. The Archimedean ocean energy collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode layer comprises a copper thin film electrode and a nylon layer thereon; the copper thin film electrode is also pre-charged with surface charges in the form of high-voltage discharge.

10. A hydrological monitoring station for monitoring hydrological data in a water body, characterized by: It includes: An energy storage device, a variety of hydrological monitoring sensors, a communication module, a data processing module, a storage module, and an Archimedean ocean energy collection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; the Archimedean ocean energy collection device, on the one hand, serves as an energy harvesting device for directly powering the hydrological monitoring sensors, the communication module, and the data processing module, or for charging the energy storage device to achieve indirect power supply; on the other hand, serves as a state detection mechanism for water wave energy, for recording a corresponding state signal when the output of the thin-plate contact-separation TENG exceeds a preset amplitude or frequency threshold; the state signal is used for hydrological analysis.

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