A graphite crucible and method for gas-based reduction metallurgy

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application relates to a graphite crucible and method for gas-based reduction metallurgy, and belongs to the technical field of metallurgical reactors. The embodiment of the present application aims to solve the technical problems of long production cycle and low utilization rate of reducing gas for the existing graphite crucible in gas-based reduction metallurgy. The graphite crucible for gas-based reduction metallurgy of the embodiment of the present application comprises a graphite crucible body, gas flow guide covers are arranged at both ends of the graphite crucible body, and dense sieve-shaped through holes are arranged on the gas flow guide covers. In the embodiment of the present application, the graphite crucible plays the roles of a charging container and a heating body in the smelting process, and through the design of the convex and sieve-shaped through hole gas flow guide cover, the reducing gas entering the graphite crucible is not directly discharged, but produces backflow, is fully dispersed in the graphite crucible, makes the excess unreacted gas participate in the reaction again, makes the reaction gas be fully utilized, reduces waste, and improves the utilization rate of the reducing gas.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The embodiment of the present application relates to the technical field of metallurgical reactors, in particular to a graphite crucible and method for gas-based reduction metallurgy. BACKGROUND

[0002] Graphite has excellent thermal conductivity and high-temperature resistance, small thermal expansion coefficient in high-temperature environment, high stability under rapid heating and cooling conditions, and excellent chemical stability, and will not react with strong acid and strong base solutions. The graphite crucible is prepared by using flaky crystal type graphite, high-temperature calcination, machine pressing, and a series of processing of resin binder, and has very stable chemical properties, high-temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, low ash content, and is widely used in high-purity metal smelting. It can be used as a heating body and does not participate in any chemical reaction during the smelting process, and has less pollution to the metal. Therefore, the graphite crucible is widely used in the smelting of iron metal and the smelting of non-ferrous metal and its alloy.

[0003] In the gas-based reduction metallurgy process, in addition to the control system of temperature rising, temperature maintaining and other process parameters and the flow of the reaction gas, the design of the crucible also has a great influence on the consumption of the reducing gas in the smelting process. The graphite crucible used at present has experienced evolution from single crucible, double crucible to suspension crucible, and only serves as a charging container and a heating body in the metallurgical process. It has the disadvantages of slow heat transfer speed, low utilization rate of reducing reaction gas, long smelting production cycle, and the like, which is not conducive to improving the production efficiency and reducing the cost.

[0004] The existing Chinese utility model patent with the publication number CN202792949U discloses that the graphite crucible body is designed as a cylindrical shape, and the inner wall of the crucible forms a certain angle with the axial direction of the crucible. The structure is simple, easy to process, and can realize convenient placement and removal of the suspension crucible, but the problem of waste of reducing gas is not solved. The existing Chinese utility model patent with the publication number CN2594275Y and the name of "graphite crucible assembly" discloses a graphite crucible assembly, which comprises a crucible and a crucible cover. The inside of the crucible is a ring-shaped groove, and a through hole is arranged at the center of the ring-shaped groove. The crucible is composed of two crucibles arranged concentrically. A partition cover is arranged between the upper and lower crucibles, and a crucible cover is arranged on the upper part of the upper crucible. The patent discloses a typical crucible used at present, which can conveniently extract the smelted material, but the problem of waste of reducing gas is still not solved. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the embodiment of the present application provides a graphite crucible and method for gas-based reduction metallurgy, which can make the reducing reaction gas disperse and diffuse in the graphite crucible while forming a backflow, so that the reducing gas and the material are in full contact, and the production capacity is improved, so as to solve the technical problems of long production cycle and low utilization rate of reducing gas of the existing graphite crucible in the gas-based reduction metallurgy.

[0006] The first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a graphite crucible for gas-based reduction metallurgy, comprising a graphite crucible body, and gas flow guide covers arranged at two ends of the graphite crucible body, wherein the gas flow guide covers are provided with dense sieve-shaped through holes.

[0007] In some embodiments that can include the above-mentioned embodiments, the gas flow guide cover is arranged to protrude towards the inside of the graphite crucible body, the protrusion is matched with the port of the graphite crucible body, and the protrusion part is arranged in communication with the gas flow guide cover, and the protrusion part is also provided with dense sieve-shaped through holes around the protrusion part.

[0008] In some embodiments that can include the above-mentioned embodiments, the protrusion is in a cylindrical table structure.

[0009] In some embodiments that can include the above-mentioned embodiments, the graphite crucible body is in a cylindrical structure with both ends open, and a containing space for loading materials is left between the gas flow guide cover and the graphite crucible body.

[0010] In some embodiments that can include the above-mentioned embodiments, an external thread is further arranged around the protrusion part, the port of the graphite crucible body is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread, and the protrusion and the graphite crucible body are threadedly connected.

[0011] In some embodiments that can include the above-mentioned embodiments, the diameter of the through hole is less than 10 mm.

[0012] The second aspect of the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for gas-based reduction metallurgy, which adopts the graphite crucible for gas-based reduction metallurgy described above, and comprises the following steps:

[0013] First, the lower gas flow guide cover is arranged at the bottom of the graphite crucible body, so that the reaction gas is dispersed into the graphite crucible through the side through holes around the lower gas flow guide cover, the graphite crucible is loaded with materials, the upper gas flow guide cover is fixed at the top of the graphite crucible body, and the excess reaction gas flowing into the graphite crucible cannot directly flow out of the crucible due to the blockage of the upper gas flow guide cover, and the excess reaction gas forms a backflow in the crucible after the blockage, so as to be in contact with the materials again to participate in the reaction, and after the reaction is completed, the gas flow guide cover is disassembled, and the materials are poured out of the graphite crucible body.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. Improve the utilization rate of reducing gas: In the embodiment of the application, the graphite crucible plays the role of charging container and heating body in the smelting process. Through the design of the convex and sieve-shaped through-hole gas flow guide cover, the reducing gas entering the graphite crucible can not be directly discharged, but can produce backflow and be fully dispersed in the graphite crucible, so that the excess unreacted gas can be used again to participate in the reaction, the reaction gas can be fully utilized, the waste is reduced, the utilization rate of reducing gas is improved, and the cost is reduced.

[0016] 2. Effectively improve production efficiency and further reduce cost: The graphite crucible of the embodiment of the application can make the reducing gas and the material fully contact in the metallurgical process, shorten the smelting production cycle, reduce the amount of reducing gas while ensuring the reduction reaction effect, effectively improve the production efficiency and further reduce the cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of gas flow dispersion in the graphite crucible of the embodiment of the application.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the gas flow guide cover of the embodiment of the application.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the gas flow guide cover of the embodiment of the application.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a real photo of the graphite crucible of the embodiment of the application.

[0022] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] 1. Graphite crucible main body; 2. Gas flow guide cover; 3. Convex; 4. Through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] It needs to be explained that gas-based reduction metallurgy: refers to the use of gas reducing agent under high temperature conditions with metal oxides to produce metal by reduction reaction. This method has the advantages of product properties being easy to control, high purity compared to other methods, such as carbon reduction method, zinc reduction method, etc. Gas reducing agent includes hydrogen (H2), carbon monoxide (CO) or other gaseous hydrocarbons, etc., by reducing oxides to produce metal powder, such as iron, copper, molybdenum, etc. Gas-based reduction metallurgy is widely used, and metallurgical application examples include hydrogen reduction of oxides to produce metal powder. In addition, gas reduction method also includes gas-based direct reduction ironmaking, which is a direct reduction continuous casting steel ironmaking method using reducing gas as a reducing agent to reduce iron ore, which has industrial production significance.

[0026] The experimental methods used in the embodiments of the present application are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0027] In the following examples, all raw materials can be obtained by commercial purchase or conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] As shown in Figures 1-4 The embodiments of the present application provide a graphite crucible for gas-based reduction metallurgy, which comprises a graphite crucible body 1, gas flow guide covers 2 are arranged at both ends of the graphite crucible body 1, and dense sieve-shaped through holes 4 are arranged on the gas flow guide covers 2. The diameter of the through holes 4 is preferably less than 10 mm, and more preferably less than 5 mm. The through holes 4 make the graphite crucible not leak after loading, and can ensure that the reaction gas can flow into the graphite crucible from the gas flow guide cover below and flow out from the gas flow guide cover above.

[0030] Further, a protrusion 3 is arranged inside the graphite crucible body 1 on the gas flow guide cover 2. The protrusion 3 is matched with the port of the graphite crucible body 1, and the protrusion 3 part is arranged in communication with the gas flow guide cover 2. Dense sieve-shaped through holes 4 are also arranged around the protrusion 3 part. When the reaction gas enters the graphite crucible through the through holes 4 around the gas flow guide cover 2 (i.e. the side), the through holes will disperse the gas flow, promote the contact between the reaction gas and the materials in the graphite crucible, and be conducive to improving the reaction efficiency. Exemplarily, the protrusion 3 is in a cylindrical table structure, the graphite crucible body 1 is in a cylindrical structure with open ends, and the gas flow guide covers 2 above and below are left with a containing space for loading materials between the gas flow guide covers 2 and the graphite crucible body 1.

[0031] Specifically, an external thread is further arranged around the protrusion 3 part, and an internal thread matched with the external thread is arranged at the port of the graphite crucible body 1. The protrusion 3 and the graphite crucible body 1 are threadedly connected. After being combined together, the gas flow guide covers 2 above and below are tightly assembled with the graphite crucible body 1, which is convenient for assembly and disassembly, ensures that the loading is not leaked, and also facilitates material taking.

[0032] In use, the gas flow enters from the gas flow guide cover below the graphite crucible, after reacting with the material, the unreacted gas is blocked by the gas flow guide cover above and cannot directly flow out of the graphite crucible, forming a backflow in the graphite crucible, and reacting with the material again to ensure full use of the reaction gas and reduce waste of the reaction gas.

[0033] Embodiment 2

[0034] The embodiment of the present application provides a gas-based reduction metallurgy method, which adopts the graphite crucible for gas-based reduction metallurgy in the embodiment 1, and comprises the following steps:

[0035] First, the lower gas flow guide cover is installed at the bottom of the graphite crucible body, so that the reaction gas enters the graphite crucible through the side hole of the lower gas flow guide cover, the graphite crucible is loaded with material, the upper gas flow guide cover is fixed at the top of the graphite crucible body, the excess unreacted gas flowing into the graphite crucible is blocked by the upper gas flow guide cover and cannot directly flow out of the crucible, and the excess reaction gas flow forms a backflow in the crucible after being blocked, and reacts with the material again, after the reaction is completed, the gas flow guide cover is disassembled, and the material is poured out of the graphite crucible body.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A graphite crucible for gas-based reduction metallurgy, characterized in that, The graphite crucible body is provided with gas flow guide covers at both ends, and the gas flow guide covers are provided with dense sieve-shaped through holes; The gas flow guide cover is provided with a protrusion inside the graphite crucible body, the protrusion is matched with the port of the graphite crucible body, the protrusion part is in communication with the gas flow guide cover, and the protrusion part is also provided with dense sieve-shaped through holes around the protrusion part; the upper gas flow guide cover is fixed on the top of the graphite crucible body, and the excess reaction gas flowing into the graphite crucible cannot directly flow out of the crucible due to the blockage of the upper gas flow guide cover, and the excess reaction gas forms a backflow in the crucible after being blocked.

2. A graphite crucible for gas-based reduction metallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protrusion is in a cylindrical table structure.

3. The graphite crucible for gas-based reduction metallurgy as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The graphite crucible body is in a cylindrical structure with both ends open, and the gas flow guide cover and the graphite crucible body are left with a containing space for loading materials.

4. The graphite crucible for gas-based reduction metallurgy as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The protrusion part is also provided with external threads around the protrusion part, and the port of the graphite crucible body is provided with internal threads matched with the external threads, and the protrusion and the graphite crucible body are threadedly connected.

5. The graphite crucible for gas-based reduction metallurgy as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The diameter of the through hole is less than 10 mm.

6. A method of gas-based reduction metallurgy, characterized in that, The graphite crucible for gas-based reduction metallurgy in any one of claims 1-5 comprises the following steps: First, the lower gas flow guide cover is installed at the bottom of the graphite crucible body, the reaction gas is dispersed into the graphite crucible through the side through holes around the lower gas flow guide cover, the graphite crucible is loaded with materials, the upper gas flow guide cover is fixed on the top of the graphite crucible body, the excess reaction gas flowing into the graphite crucible cannot directly flow out of the crucible due to the blockage of the upper gas flow guide cover, and the excess reaction gas forms a backflow in the crucible after being blocked, and then participates in the reaction again, after the reaction is completed, the gas flow guide cover is disassembled, and the materials are poured out of the graphite crucible body.

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