Aircraft cold cloud precipitation enhancement quantitative evaluation method based on radar echo enhancement

Abstract

The invention discloses an aircraft cold cloud precipitation enhancement quantitative evaluation method based on radar echo enhancement, and belongs to the technical field of disaster prevention and reduction. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring to-be-processed radar echo data and to-be-processed ground raindrop spectrometer data; performing separation processing on the radar echo data to be processed to obtain rainfall enhancement influence echoes and natural rainfall echoes; according to the to-be-processed ground raindrop spectrograph data, the rainfall enhancement influence echo and the natural rainfall echo, establishing a Z-I relationship between the rainfall enhancement influence echo intensity Z of the near-ground layer and the rainfall intensity I; and according to the Z-I relation, the rainfall enhancement influence echo and the natural rainfall echo, calculating to obtain the total rainfall enhancement amount. According to the invention, the rainfall area with clear boundary generated by artificial rainfall enhancement can be separated, the natural precipitation can be identified, and the airplane operation rainfall increment can be quantitatively estimated by using radar data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of disaster prevention and reduction, and in particular to a quantitative evaluation method for aircraft cold cloud precipitation enhancement based on radar echo enhancement. Background Art

[0002] According to the principles of cloud precipitation and artificial weather modification, the effect of artificial rainfall refers to the process in which the microphysical properties of the catalyzed cloud and the ground precipitation change after being affected by artificial catalysis. The evaluation of rainfall effect is an unavoidable scientific issue in the field of artificial weather modification, and it is also a difficult point in the discipline. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) pointed out two major challenges in the evaluation of rainfall effect: one is how to determine the time and location of cloud seeding in the natural cloud precipitation system; the other challenge is to accurately evaluate the amount of ground precipitation increased by cloud seeding.

[0003] In actual effect evaluation, according to the evaluation means, it can be divided into statistical test, physical test and pattern test; according to the evaluation results, it can be divided into qualitative evaluation and quantitative evaluation. The quantitative evaluation methods of statistical test include randomized test effect evaluation and non-randomized quantitative evaluation. The randomized test effect evaluation is obtained by statistically analyzing the results of long-term randomized tests. The large natural variability of precipitation makes it difficult to obtain enough randomized test samples. The high cost of the test and the long period of data collection make it difficult to achieve significant statistics. The non-randomized quantitative evaluation mainly calculates the operation effect by comparing the difference between the natural precipitation before the operation and the measured precipitation after the operation. The commonly used methods in the human shadow business at all levels in my country include sequence analysis, regional comparison analysis, double ratio analysis, regional historical regression analysis, and cluster-based floating comparison area historical regression. However, the huge differences in the temporal and spatial distribution of natural precipitation bring great difficulties and uncertainties to the quantitative evaluation of statistical tests.

[0004] Although model verification can evaluate the effect of human shadow operations to a certain extent, the reliability of model verification in quantitatively evaluating the effect of operations depends on the accuracy of the model's own description of the cloud precipitation physical process and catalytic model. At present, the understanding of clouds is still in a qualitative state to a large extent. Quantitative, especially accurate quantitative descriptions are still very lacking, and clouds are still a "black box". The cloud precipitation physical process in the numerical model is based on theory, observation and experiment, and there are a lot of theoretical assumptions. Therefore, these assumptions and descriptions cannot be verified and tested, and it is difficult to improve the quantitative evaluation ability of model verification, resulting in the need for the accuracy of the evaluation to be verified by direct physical evidence such as radar and ground precipitation.

[0005] Physical verification is to measure the microphysical change process chain of natural cloud precipitation structure and cloud precipitation after the catalyst is seeded into the cloud. On the one hand, the research results of physical verification are helpful to explain the statistical test results and verify the model test results. On the other hand, it is a scientific basis for constructing a physical conceptual model of cloud precipitation after catalysis. In-depth research on physical verification not only provides intuitive physical evidence of the rain enhancement effect, but also reveals the full picture or partial characteristics of the physical effect chain of increased precipitation after catalysis, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately and quantitatively evaluating the effect of human shadow operations. Therefore, the quantitative evaluation method of physical verification is an effective means to improve the shortcomings of existing effect verification technology.

[0006] The basic indicator of the success of aircraft rainfall enhancement operations is the observation of ground rainfall exceeding the expected natural rainfall. Currently, it is still extremely difficult to directly detect artificially catalyzed rainfall enhancement from changes in natural rainfall. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a quantitative evaluation method for aircraft cold cloud precipitation enhancement based on radar echo enhancement, separate the rainfall areas with clear boundaries produced by artificial precipitation enhancement and identify the natural precipitation, and use radar data to quantitatively estimate the rainfall enhancement amount of aircraft operations.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a quantitative evaluation method of aircraft cold cloud precipitation enhancement based on radar echo enhancement, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Obtain radar echo data to be processed and ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed;

[0010] Separate and process the radar echo data to be processed to obtain the rain enhancement impact echo and the natural precipitation echo;

[0011] According to the ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed, the rain enhancement echo and the natural precipitation echo, the ZI relationship between the rain enhancement echo intensity Z and the rainfall intensity I near the ground layer is established;

[0012] The total amount of rainfall increase is calculated based on the ZI relationship, the rainfall impact echo and the natural precipitation echo.

[0013] Preferably, obtaining the radar echo data to be processed and the ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed specifically includes the following steps:

[0014] Obtain radar echo data from radar and ground raindrop spectrometer data from ground raindrop spectrometer stations;

[0015] Filter out radar echo data for quantitative evaluation of rainfall enhancement from radar echo data;

[0016] The radar echo data for quantitative evaluation of rainfall enhancement and the ground raindrop spectrometer data are quality controlled and preprocessed to obtain the radar echo data to be processed and the ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed.

[0017] Preferably, the radar echo data for quantitative assessment of rainfall enhancement meets the catalytic conditions and has necessary information;

[0018] The catalytic conditions for the quantitative evaluation of rainfall enhancement radar echo data include aircraft operation in supercooled cloud water areas, the cloud temperature in the catalytic layer is lower than -5°C or the cloud top temperature is lower than -10°C, and the cloud thickness is greater than 3000m;

[0019] The necessary information for the quantitative evaluation of rainfall enhancement radar echo data is radar echo data for a period of at least 4 hours from the start of the aircraft operation to the end of the operation.

[0020] Preferably, the radar echo data to be processed are separated and processed to obtain the rain enhancement impact echo and the natural precipitation echo, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0021] Get aircraft catalytic tracks;

[0022] Based on the aircraft catalytic track and the radar echo data to be processed, the rain enhancement impact echo and natural precipitation echo are determined.

[0023] Preferably, according to the ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed, the rain enhancement impact echo and the natural precipitation echo, a ZI relationship between the rain enhancement impact echo intensity Z near the ground layer and the rainfall intensity I is established, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0024] According to the rainfall intensity I of the ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed at the ground raindrop spectrometer station, and the radar reflectivity Z of the rain enhancement echo and the natural precipitation echo passing through the corresponding ground raindrop spectrometer station, the ZI fitting relationship I=aZ is established b ; where a and b are fitting coefficients.

[0025] Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0026] The rainfall intensity I of the ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed is taken as the measured value, the rainfall estimation error of the ZI fitting relationship is evaluated, the correlation coefficient is calculated, and the ZI fitting relationship with the minimum error and the highest correlation coefficient is obtained.

[0027] Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0028] When there is no ground raindrop spectrometer in the area where the rainfall enhancement affects the echo, the corresponding type of ZI relationship is selected from the ZI relationship library according to the type of precipitation cloud system.

[0029] Preferably, the total amount of rainfall increase is calculated according to the ZI relationship, the rainfall increase impact echo and the natural precipitation echo, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0030] Based on the linear interpolation method, the natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk in the rain enhancement echo area is obtained according to the natural precipitation echo in the area near the rain enhancement echo area;

[0031] The rain enhancement echo intensity Z_Seeded is obtained by subtracting the natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk in the rain enhancement echo area from the rain enhancement echo intensity Z_total in the rain enhancement echo area.

[0032] According to the rain-seeding echo intensity Z_Seeded, the spatial distribution of rain-seeding echo is obtained;

[0033] Input the rain-seeding echo intensity Z_Seeded and the natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk into the ZI relationship to obtain the total precipitation intensity and natural precipitation intensity;

[0034] The total amount of increased rainfall is calculated based on the total precipitation intensity and the natural precipitation intensity.

[0035] Preferably, the rain enhancement echo intensity Z_Seeded and the natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk are input into the ZI relationship to obtain the total precipitation intensity and the natural precipitation intensity; and the total amount of rain enhancement is calculated according to the total precipitation intensity and the natural precipitation intensity, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0036] Every 6 minutes, the rain-seeding echo intensity Z_Seeded and the natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk are input into the ZI relationship to obtain the total precipitation intensity and natural precipitation intensity at each time.

[0037] According to the total rainfall intensity and natural rainfall intensity at each time, the rainfall increase at each time is calculated;

[0038] The total amount of increased rainfall is obtained by adding up the increased rainfall at each time period.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] The present invention can minimize the influence of snowfall from natural clouds outside the cloud seeding line, separate the rainfall area with clear boundaries produced by artificial rainfall enhancement, identify the natural precipitation, and use radar data to quantitatively estimate the rainfall increase amount of aircraft operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of a quantitative evaluation method for aircraft cold cloud precipitation enhancement based on radar echo enhancement. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Many specific details are set forth in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation disclosed below.

[0044] The terms used in one or more embodiments of this specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit one or more embodiments of this specification. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in one or more embodiments of this specification and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in one or more embodiments of this specification refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0045] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various information in one or more embodiments of this specification, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of this specification, the first may also be referred to as the second, and similarly, the second may also be referred to as the first. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0046] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0047] The present invention provides a quantitative evaluation method for aircraft cold cloud precipitation enhancement based on radar echo enhancement, comprising the following steps:

[0048] Obtain radar echo data to be processed and ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed;

[0049] Separate and process the radar echo data to be processed to obtain the rain enhancement impact echo and the natural precipitation echo;

[0050] According to the ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed, the rain enhancement echo and the natural precipitation echo, the ZI relationship between the rain enhancement echo intensity Z and the rainfall intensity I near the ground layer is established;

[0051] The total amount of rainfall increase is calculated based on the ZI relationship, the rainfall impact echo and the natural precipitation echo.

[0052] Preferably, obtaining the radar echo data to be processed and the ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed specifically includes the following steps:

[0053] Obtain radar echo data from radar and ground raindrop spectrometer data from ground raindrop spectrometer stations;

[0054] Filter out radar echo data for quantitative evaluation of rainfall enhancement from radar echo data;

[0055] The radar echo data for quantitative evaluation of rainfall enhancement and the ground raindrop spectrometer data are quality controlled and preprocessed to obtain the radar echo data to be processed and the ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed.

[0056] Preferably, the radar echo data for quantitative assessment of rainfall enhancement meets the catalytic conditions and has necessary information;

[0057] The catalytic conditions for the quantitative evaluation of rainfall enhancement radar echo data include aircraft operation in supercooled cloud water areas, the cloud temperature in the catalytic layer is lower than -5°C or the cloud top temperature is lower than -10°C, and the cloud thickness is greater than 3000m;

[0058] The necessary information for the quantitative evaluation of rainfall enhancement radar echo data is radar echo data for a period of at least 4 hours from the start of the aircraft operation to the end of the operation.

[0059] Preferably, the radar echo data to be processed are separated and processed to obtain the rain enhancement impact echo and the natural precipitation echo, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0060] Get aircraft catalytic tracks;

[0061] Based on the aircraft catalytic track and the radar echo data to be processed, the rain enhancement impact echo and natural precipitation echo are determined.

[0062] Preferably, according to the ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed, the rain enhancement impact echo and the natural precipitation echo, a ZI relationship between the rain enhancement impact echo intensity Z near the ground layer and the rainfall intensity I is established, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0063] According to the rainfall intensity I of the ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed at the ground raindrop spectrometer station, and the radar reflectivity Z of the rain enhancement echo and the natural precipitation echo passing through the corresponding ground raindrop spectrometer station, the ZI fitting relationship I=aZ is established b ; where a and b are fitting coefficients.

[0064] Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0065] The rainfall intensity I of the ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed is taken as the measured value, the rainfall estimation error of the ZI fitting relationship is evaluated, the correlation coefficient is calculated, and the ZI fitting relationship with the minimum error and the highest correlation coefficient is obtained.

[0066] Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0067] When there is no ground raindrop spectrometer in the area where the rainfall enhancement affects the echo, the corresponding type of ZI relationship is selected from the ZI relationship library according to the type of precipitation cloud system.

[0068] Preferably, the total amount of rainfall increase is calculated according to the ZI relationship, the rainfall increase impact echo and the natural precipitation echo, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0069] Based on the linear interpolation method, the natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk in the rain enhancement echo area is obtained according to the natural precipitation echo in the area near the rain enhancement echo area;

[0070] The rain enhancement echo intensity Z_Seeded is obtained by subtracting the natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk in the rain enhancement echo area from the rain enhancement echo intensity Z_total in the rain enhancement echo area.

[0071] According to the rain-seeding echo intensity Z_Seeded, the spatial distribution of rain-seeding echo is obtained;

[0072] Input the rain-seeding echo intensity Z_Seeded and the natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk into the ZI relationship to obtain the total precipitation intensity and natural precipitation intensity;

[0073] The total amount of increased rainfall is calculated based on the total precipitation intensity and the natural precipitation intensity.

[0074] Preferably, the rain enhancement echo intensity Z_Seeded and the natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk are input into the ZI relationship to obtain the total precipitation intensity and the natural precipitation intensity; and the total amount of rain enhancement is calculated according to the total precipitation intensity and the natural precipitation intensity, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0075] Every 6 minutes, the rain-seeding echo intensity Z_Seeded and the natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk are input into the ZI relationship to obtain the total precipitation intensity and natural precipitation intensity at each time.

[0076] According to the total rainfall intensity and natural rainfall intensity at each time, the rainfall increase at each time is calculated;

[0077] The total amount of increased rainfall is obtained by adding up the increased rainfall at each time period.

[0078] In order to better illustrate the technical effect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following specific embodiments to illustrate the above technical process:

[0079] Embodiment 1: A quantitative evaluation method for aircraft cold cloud precipitation enhancement based on radar echo enhancement, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0080] S1: Case selection and data preparation for quantitative evaluation of aircraft cold cloud precipitation enhancement based on radar echo enhancement.

[0081] S1.1: Examples of aircraft precipitation enhancement operations that meet the following catalytic conditions

[0082] ① Operations in supercooled cloud and water areas;

[0083] ② The temperature inside the cloud of the catalytic layer is lower than -5℃ or the cloud top temperature is lower than -10℃;

[0084] ③The cloud thickness is greater than 3000m;

[0085] S1.2: Necessary data for quantitative assessment. Radar echo data for at least 4 hours from the start of the aircraft operation to the end of the operation must be available. Quantitative assessment of precipitation enhancement can be conducted for individual aircraft operations that meet the above requirements.

[0086] S1.3: Organize the Doppler weather radar and ground-based raindrop spectrometer data on the physical effects of aircraft cold cloud catalysis, and perform quality control and preprocessing on the data.

[0087] S2: Identify and continuously track the physical effects of rainfall enhancement observed on the radar, and separate the rainfall enhancement impact echoes from the natural precipitation echoes.

[0088] S2.1: Determine the ground position and area of ​​the rainfall enhancement echo (including the start and end time of the raindrop spectrometer station) by continuously tracking the changes of the rainfall enhancement echo.

[0089] The rain enhancement echo is a comprehensive reflection of the echo enhanced by the artificial catalytic effect (rain enhancement echo) and the natural precipitation echo. The radar echo after the aircraft catalysis is analyzed by combining the aircraft catalysis track and radar observation, the continuous change of the radar echo is tracked, the rain enhancement echo area after the aircraft catalysis and the natural precipitation echo area not affected by the catalysis are identified, and the ground impact position and area of ​​the rain enhancement echo are determined.

[0090] S2.2: Calculate the moving direction and speed of the radar echo based on the continuously changing position of the echo affected by rainfall increase.

[0091] The moving direction MD_Echo of the radar echo is the wind direction corresponding to the altitude layer when the aircraft is catalyzing. When calculating the moving speed of the radar echo, first determine n seeding points to characterize the aircraft catalyzing segment according to the length and shape of the aircraft catalyzing track, and measure the distance from the seeding point to the cloud seeding radar echo generated by the point at that moment along the moving direction on the radar echo at each moment after seeding. The calculated speed is the moving speed Speed_Echo of the radar echo. The moving direction MD_Echo and the moving speed Speed_Echo are used to track and identify the positions of the echoes affected by rain enhancement at different moments after the rain enhancement operation is completed.

[0092] S3: Obtain the ZI relationship between the echo intensity Z of the near-surface layer rainfall enhancement effect and the rainfall intensity I observed by the ground raindrop spectrum.

[0093] S3.1: For the individual case where there is a ground raindrop spectrometer in the area affected by the aircraft rain enhancement operation, the raindrop number concentration increases and the raindrop spectrum broadens on the ground raindrop spectrometer. The ZI relationship of the rain enhancement impact echo can be established by combining the raindrop spectrometer observation data and radar echo through which the rain enhancement impact echo passes.

[0094] S3.1.1: Use the ground raindrop spectrum observation rainfall intensity I and the radar reflectivity Z passing through the station to establish the ZI fitting relationship for different stations:

[0095] I=aZ b (1)

[0096] Among them, multiple groups of fitting coefficients a and b are obtained through fitting.

[0097] S3.1.2: Take the rainfall intensity I observed by the ground raindrop spectrum as the measured value, evaluate the rainfall estimation error of multiple sets of ZI fitting equations, calculate the correlation coefficient, and obtain the ZI fitting equation with the smallest error and the highest correlation coefficient.

[0098] S3.2: For the case where there is no ground-based raindrop spectrometer in the area affected by the aircraft precipitation enhancement operation, the ZI relationship is selected from the ZI relationship library of different types of precipitation according to the type of precipitation cloud system.

[0099] S4: Calculate the spatial distribution of rainfall-enhanced echoes and the total amount of rainfall-enhanced data.

[0100] S4.1: Calculate the near-surface layer rainfall enhancement echo for a single station.

[0101] According to the rain-enhanced echo period divided in S2.1, the echo intensity of the rain-enhanced echo at the 0.5° radar elevation angle before and after passing the measuring station is approximately taken as the start and end period of the natural precipitation echo (i.e., during rain-enhanced). Linear interpolation is performed based on the natural precipitation echoes before and after the rain-enhanced echo covers the surrounding area, and the natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk of the rain-enhanced echo is obtained, that is: Linear interpolation is performed based on the natural precipitation echoes before and after the rain-enhanced echo covers the surrounding area, and the natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk of the rain-enhanced echo is obtained. The rain-enhanced echo intensity Z_total minus the natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk can be approximately obtained as the rain-enhanced echo intensity Z_Seeded of a single station.

[0102] S4.2: Calculate the rainfall increase for a single event.

[0103] Apply the ZI relationship in S3 to the echo intensity Z_total and natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk of the rainfall increase impact at a single radar data time to obtain the total precipitation intensity and natural precipitation intensity at each location in the rainfall increase impact area at that time, and then calculate the total precipitation R1 and natural precipitation R2 in the rainfall increase impact area for 6 minutes. The total precipitation R1 minus the natural precipitation R2 is the rainfall increase at that time.

[0104] S4.3: Calculate the spatial distribution of rainfall effect echoes and the total amount of rainfall increase.

[0105] Since the impact of aircraft on the ground after catalysis is continuous and lasts for a long time, in order to obtain the regional distribution of ground precipitation enhancement, the precipitation enhancement echo must be separated from the continuous radar echo. Although the natural precipitation echo is connected to the strip enhancement band, the boundary is very clear. By tracking the movement of the aircraft cloud seeding track over time, the precipitation enhancement echo is identified, that is, the strip echo enhancement band with clear boundaries corresponding to the track, and its area is the precipitation radar echo area. The adjacent unaffected radar echo intensity is approximately averaged as the natural precipitation echo. Apply the ZI relationship in S3 to the rain enhancement echo and natural precipitation echo every 6 minutes during the operation influence period, and repeat the method in S4.1 repeatedly. The rain enhancement echo Z_total_region of the entire period can be separated hourly (every 6 minutes) and the natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk can be obtained to obtain the spatial distribution of the rain enhancement echo every 6 minutes; repeat the method in S4.2 repeatedly, calculate R1-R2 hourly (every 6 minutes), obtain the rainfall amount at each hour, and accumulate to obtain the total rainfall amount of this aircraft rain enhancement operation.

[0106] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, for example, the division of the modules, modules or units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation, for example, multiple units, modules or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed.

[0107] The units may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may be one physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed in multiple different places. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0108] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0109] In particular, according to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, the process described above with reference to the flowchart can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention include a computer program product, which includes a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, and the computer program includes a program code for executing the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from the network through the communication part, and / or installed from a removable medium. When the computer program is executed by the central processing unit (CPU), the above-mentioned functions defined in the method of the present invention are executed. It should be noted that the above-mentioned computer-readable medium of the present invention can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium or any combination of the above two. The computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, a system, device or device of an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared segment, or semiconductor, or any combination of the above.

[0110] The flow chart and block diagram in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architecture, function and operation of the system, method and computer program product according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each square box in the flow chart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment or a part of a code, and the module, the program segment or a part of the code contains one or more executable instructions for realizing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the square box can also occur in a sequence different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two square boxes represented in succession can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each square box in the block diagram and / or flow chart, and the combination of the square boxes in the block diagram and / or flow chart can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0111] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A quantitative evaluation method for aircraft cold cloud precipitation enhancement based on radar echo enhancement, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain radar echo data to be processed and ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed; Separate and process the radar echo data to be processed to obtain the rain enhancement impact echo and the natural precipitation echo; According to the ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed, the rain enhancement echo and the natural precipitation echo, the ZI relationship between the rain enhancement echo intensity Z and the rainfall intensity I near the ground layer is established; The total amount of rainfall increase is calculated based on the ZI relationship, the rainfall impact echo and the natural precipitation echo.

2. The quantitative evaluation method for aircraft cold cloud precipitation enhancement based on radar echo enhancement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Obtaining the radar echo data to be processed and the ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed includes the following steps: Obtain radar echo data from radar and ground raindrop spectrometer data from ground raindrop spectrometer stations; Filter out radar echo data for quantitative evaluation of rainfall enhancement from radar echo data; The radar echo data for quantitative evaluation of rainfall enhancement and the ground raindrop spectrometer data are quality controlled and preprocessed to obtain the radar echo data to be processed and the ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed.

3. The quantitative evaluation method for aircraft cold cloud precipitation enhancement based on radar echo enhancement according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The radar echo data for quantitative assessment of rainfall enhancement meets the catalytic conditions and has the necessary information; The catalytic conditions for the quantitative evaluation of rainfall enhancement radar echo data include aircraft operation in supercooled cloud water areas, the cloud temperature in the catalytic layer is lower than -5°C or the cloud top temperature is lower than -10°C, and the cloud thickness is greater than 3000m; The necessary information for the quantitative evaluation of rainfall enhancement radar echo data is radar echo data for a period of at least 4 hours from the start of the aircraft operation to the end of the operation.

4. The quantitative evaluation method for aircraft cold cloud precipitation enhancement based on radar echo enhancement according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The radar echo data to be processed is separated and processed to obtain the rain enhancement impact echo and the natural precipitation echo, which specifically includes the following steps: Get aircraft catalytic tracks; Based on the aircraft catalytic track and the radar echo data to be processed, determine the ground impact position and area of ​​the rain enhancement impact echo; Get the wind direction at the altitude layer as the moving direction of the radar echo MD_Echo; According to the length and shape of the aircraft catalytic trajectory, n seeding points are determined to characterize the aircraft catalytic flight segment; On the radar echo at each moment after seeding, the distance from the seeding point to the cloud seeding radar echo generated by the point at that moment is measured along the moving direction MD_Echo, and then the moving speed Speed_Echo of the radar echo is obtained based on the distance; Based on the moving direction MD_Echo of the radar echo, the moving speed Speed_Echo of the radar echo and the ground impact position and area of ​​the rain enhancement impact echo, the ground impact position and area of ​​the rain enhancement impact echo at a subsequent moment are determined; According to the position and area of ​​the echo affected by the rainfall increase at the subsequent moment, the position and area of ​​the natural precipitation echo at the subsequent moment are obtained.

5. The quantitative evaluation method for aircraft cold cloud precipitation enhancement based on radar echo enhancement according to claim 4 is characterized in that: According to the ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed, the rain enhancement echo and the natural precipitation echo, the ZI relationship between the rain enhancement echo intensity Z near the ground layer and the rainfall intensity I is established, which specifically includes the following steps: According to the rainfall intensity I of the ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed at the ground raindrop spectrometer station, and the radar reflectivity Z of the rain enhancement echo and the natural precipitation echo passing through the corresponding ground raindrop spectrometer station, the ZI fitting relationship I=aZ is established b ; where a and b are fitting coefficients.

6. The quantitative evaluation method for aircraft cold cloud precipitation enhancement based on radar echo enhancement according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The following steps are also included: The rainfall intensity I of the ground raindrop spectrometer data to be processed is taken as the measured value, the rainfall estimation error of the ZI fitting relationship is evaluated, the correlation coefficient is calculated, and the ZI fitting relationship with the minimum error and the highest correlation coefficient is obtained.

7. The quantitative evaluation method for aircraft cold cloud precipitation enhancement based on radar echo enhancement according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The following steps are also included: When there is no ground raindrop spectrometer in the area where the rainfall enhancement affects the echo, the corresponding type of ZI relationship is selected from the ZI relationship library according to the type of precipitation cloud system.

8. The quantitative evaluation method for aircraft cold cloud precipitation enhancement based on radar echo enhancement according to claim 7 is characterized in that: According to the ZI relationship, the rainfall enhancement impact echo and the natural precipitation echo, the total rainfall enhancement amount is calculated, which specifically includes the following steps: Based on the linear interpolation method, the natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk in the rain enhancement echo area is obtained according to the natural precipitation echo in the area near the rain enhancement echo area; The rain enhancement echo intensity Z_Seeded is obtained by subtracting the natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk in the rain enhancement echo area from the rain enhancement echo intensity Z_total in the rain enhancement echo area. According to the rain-seeding echo intensity Z_Seeded, the spatial distribution of rain-seeding echo is obtained; Input the rain-seeding echo intensity Z_Seeded and the natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk into the ZI relationship to obtain the total precipitation intensity and natural precipitation intensity; The total amount of increased rainfall is calculated based on the total precipitation intensity and the natural precipitation intensity.

9. The quantitative evaluation method for aircraft cold cloud precipitation enhancement based on radar echo enhancement according to claim 8 is characterized in that: Input the rain enhancement echo intensity Z_Seeded and the natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk into the ZI relationship to obtain the total precipitation intensity and the natural precipitation intensity; calculate the total amount of rain enhancement according to the total precipitation intensity and the natural precipitation intensity, which specifically includes the following steps: Every 6 minutes, the rain-seeding echo intensity Z_Seeded and the natural precipitation echo intensity Z_Bk are input into the ZI relationship to obtain the total precipitation intensity and natural precipitation intensity at each time. According to the total rainfall intensity and natural rainfall intensity at each time, the rainfall increase at each time is calculated; The total amount of increased rainfall is obtained by adding up the increased rainfall at each time period.

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