Apparatus and method for re-recording existing audio clip

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for rerecording an existing audio sample having a first number of channels (111, 112), comprising: a loudspeaker arrangement for reproducing the first number of channels in a reproduction space (110) with a first number of loudspeaker systems (201, 202, 203), where the first number is equal to or greater than 1, and wherein one loudspeaker system (203) or loudspeaker system (201, 202, 203) of the first number of loudspeaker systems is designed to generate, for each channel (111, 112, 113) of the first number of channels, a translating sound field and a rotating sound field in the reproduction space (110); a microphone arrangement having a second number of microphone systems (221-231), the second number of microphone systems (221-231) being arranged at different microphone positions in the reproduction space (110), each microphone system of the second number of microphone systems (221-231) being designed to detect a pressure signal (OD) and a directional differential signal (D); and an interface (150) for outputting or recording the pressure signal and the directional differential signal or a differential signal derived from the directional differential signal as a re-recorded audio sample (240).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the reproduction and recording of audio signals and in particular to the re-recording of existing audio clips, which is also known as reamping. Background Art

[0002] Typically, an acoustic scene is recorded using a set of microphones. Each microphone outputs a microphone signal. For example, an orchestral audio scene may use 25 microphones. The sound engineer then mixes the 25 microphone output signals, for example, into a standard format, such as a stereo format, a 5.1 format, a 7.1 format, a 7.2 format, or any other corresponding format. In the case of a stereo format, for example, a sound engineer or an automatic mixing process produces two stereo channels. In the case of a 5.1 format, mixing produces five channels and a subwoofer channel. Similarly, in the case of a 7.2 format, for example, mixing produces seven channels and two subwoofer channels. If the audio scene is to be presented in a reproduction environment, the mixed result is applied to an electric speaker. In a stereo reproduction scene, there are two speakers, a first speaker receives a first stereo channel, and a second speaker receives a second stereo channel. For example, in a 7.2 reproduction format, there are seven speakers and two subwoofers at predetermined positions, which can be placed arbitrarily relative to each other. Seven channels are applied to corresponding speakers, and a subwoofer channel is applied to corresponding subwoofers. Summary of the invention

[0003] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved concept for generating audio clips.

[0004] The object is solved by an apparatus for re-recording an existing audio piece according to claim 1 , a method for re-recording an existing audio piece according to claim 33 or a re-recorded audio piece according to claim 34 .

[0005] The invention is based on the finding that a re-amplification method is used to produce a high-quality audio representation. In a re-amplification method or when re-recording an existing audio segment with one or more channels (i.e. a first number of channels), the audio segment is reproduced, i.e. with loudspeakers arranged at certain loudspeaker positions.

[0006] If the existing audio clip has only a single mono channel, the loudspeaker used for the re-recording is arranged in the middle relative to the listener position in the reproduction space (or reproduction room). If the existing audio clip has two channels, namely a left channel and a right channel, two different loudspeaker systems are arranged at the left and right positions. Similarly, if the audio clip has three channels, namely a left channel, a center channel and a right channel, three loudspeaker systems are arranged at the left, center and right positions in the reproduction space. However, as in the case of conventional re-amplification, the loudspeaker system is not a simple panning loudspeaker, but a loudspeaker system capable of generating a panning sound field and a rotating sound field in the reproduction space. To this end, the loudspeaker system according to the present invention is controlled (driven) by two different audio signals, namely one audio signal for the sound transducer system to generate the panning sound field and another audio signal for the sound transducer system to generate the rotating sound field. According to the present invention, both audio signals are generated by one and the same channel of the existing audio clip.

[0007] In order to obtain a re-recorded audio clip, according to the present invention, individual microphone systems are arranged at the reproduction positions required for the high-order format, wherein the individual microphone systems are configured to capture an omnidirectional pressure signal and at least a directional differential signal for the position at which the respective microphone system is arranged. The omnidirectional pressure signal represents the sound pressure, representing a typical mono signal or a typical mono signal of a multi-channel recording. In addition, the directional differential signal represents a component of the sound speed at the microphone position. According to the present invention, the sound speed can be captured by differential signals in different directions, wherein preferably all three components of the sound speed are recorded separately with high quality, namely the directional differential signal in the x-direction, the directional differential signal in the y-direction and the directional differential signal in the z-direction. The result is output or recorded via an interface, thereby obtaining a re-recorded audio clip, which now has a number of channels equal to the number of microphone systems used, wherein each channel now no longer comprises an individual mono signal, as was the case in the existing audio clip, but, in addition to the omnidirectional audio signal, also has one or several directional difference signals to approximately describe the speed of sound at said position (in the case of only one directional difference signal or summed difference signal) or in particular in the case of three directional difference signals.

[0008] The method according to the invention and the corresponding device for re-recording are characterized in that audio clips in any format can be generated, wherein, according to the embodiment, additional microphone systems can be arranged correspondingly at corresponding additional positions in the reproduction space.

[0009] Preferably, a reproduction space comprising specific acoustics is used, in particular, if this information is still available, said reproduction space being the same reproduction space in which the existing audio piece was recorded, or having similar acoustic properties or at least comparable acoustic properties as the reproduction space in which the existing audio piece was recorded. This makes it possible to give new "life" to old recordings which are only available in mono or stereo, since by means of the inventive loudspeaker system not only the panned sound field but also the rotated sound field is generated in the reproduction space, which approximates the rotated sound field which was generated when the artist first recorded the existing audio piece in the reproduction space, but which has not yet been recorded.

[0010] According to the present invention, such past "omissions" can be corrected even if the artist or group of artists is no longer available.

[0011] Thus, an existing recording which has already been recorded without a rotational sound field component can be translated into a new, particularly high-quality format, wherein the special format can be realized by arranging corresponding microphone systems at corresponding positions required by the special format.

[0012] In case of re-recording of monophonic clips, a two microphone system for stereo representation may be implemented, or for example a five microphone system for surround representation, or significantly higher order formats, for example with 22 channels (or any subset thereof of less than 22 channels), according to ITU-R BS.2159-9 in the top, middle and bottom layers, or any other selected arrangement of different 25 loudspeakers according to ISO / IEC23003:1.

[0013] Another format is the Dolby Atmos format, with seven loudspeakers in the middle layer and four or six loudspeakers in the top layer. All this can be achieved simply by not arranging the reproduction loudspeakers at the corresponding reproduction positions in these formats, but by arranging the microphone system to record signals respectively at these positions, wherein the signals, when the re-recorded audio fragment is to be reproduced at any point in time, represent the corresponding signals at the corresponding reproduction positions and can be reproduced there by the appropriate loudspeakers. However, this reproduction will not be performed with a simple panning loudspeaker system, but with a loudspeaker system capable of generating a panning sound field as well as a rotating sound field, i.e., it is capable of generating not only common mode signals but also differential mode signals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0015] Figure 1a A preferred embodiment of an apparatus for re-recording an existing audio clip is shown;

[0016] Figure 1b A schematic diagram showing an existing audio clip;

[0017] Figure 1c A schematic diagram showing a re-recorded audio clip;

[0018] Figure 2 An illustration showing the control of individual speakers of different speaker systems according to an embodiment;

[0019] Figure 3 Illustration showing speaker locations and microphone system locations for the Dolby Atmos format, with seven channels in the middle layer and six channels in the top layer;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing different loudspeaker positions and arrangements according to ISO / IEC 23003:1;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic diagram showing the reproduction position of a 22.2 multi-channel arrangement according to ITU-R BS.2159-9;

[0022] Figure 6a A schematic diagram showing vertical positions in Dolby Atmos;

[0023] Figure 6b A top view showing the reproduction position of the Dolby Atmos 7.4 format;

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing a preferred speaker system is shown;

[0025] Figure 8 Another embodiment of a preferred speaker system is shown;

[0026] Fig. 9 A preferred embodiment of a sound transducer system for producing rotational sound is shown;

[0027] Fig.10 Another embodiment of a speaker system is shown;

[0028] Fig.11 A microphone system having two partial microphones is shown;

[0029] Fig.12 A microphone system having three partial microphones is shown;

[0030] Fig.13a A combiner for producing a directional differential signal is shown;

[0031] Fig.13b A separate combiner for differential signal generation is shown;

[0032] Fig.13c shows a combiner according to an embodiment for a microphone system;

[0033] Fig.14 shows a microphone system or microphone according to an embodiment;

[0034] Fig.15 Shown for Figure 2 A preferred embodiment of generating a control signal on the left or right side of ; and

[0035] Fig.16 A preferred embodiment for generating a control signal having two variably amplified differential mode signals for a first or left and a second or right differential mode signal feed is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Figure 1a An apparatus for re-recording (or newly recording) an existing audio clip having a first number of channels is shown, wherein Figure 1a A first channel 111 and a second channel 112 are exemplarily shown. The device comprises a loudspeaker arrangement for reproducing a first number of channels in a reproduction space 110 with a first number of loudspeaker systems. Figure 1a In the illustrated embodiment, the speaker arrangement comprises a first speaker system 201 located at a first speaker position. Figure 1a In the embodiment shown, the left speaker system is located at the left position. The second speaker system is shown at 202 and is arranged at the second speaker position. Since the existing audio clip includes two channels 111, 112, wherein the first channel is considered for the left speaker system 201 and the second channel 112 is considered for the right speaker system 202, only two speaker systems are used.

[0037] Each speaker system is configured to generate a panning sound field and a rotational sound field for each channel 111, 112 of the first number of channels. To this end, each speaker system preferably comprises two different sound transducer systems, namely one sound transducer system for generating a rotational sound field and a separate sound transducer system for generating a panning sound field. To this end, a signal processing component 100 is preferably provided so as to generate two audio signals from each channel. The signal processing component 100 generates a first audio signal 111a for the panning sound transducer system and a second audio signal 111b for the rotational sound transducer system from the first channel 111. Therefore, the signal processing component 100 also generates a first audio signal 112a and a second audio signal 112b from the second channel 112, wherein these audio signals are then provided to the respective different sound transducer systems of the second speaker system.

[0038] Although the preferred embodiment of the speaker system will be Figures 7 to 10 The present invention describes in more detail the use of a completely separated sound transducer system to generate a rotational sound field on the one hand and a translational sound field on the other hand. The sound transducer system has at least two speakers, and at least two speakers controlled by common-mode signals and differential-mode signals can be used instead so that the two speakers together generate a translational sound field and a rotational sound field, as exemplarily illustrated in the international application WO2022218824A2, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0039] However, the use of a separation system makes it possible that a rotating sound field can be emitted almost omnidirectionally, so that even if the audio clip consists of only a single mono channel or a stereo signal with only two stereo channels or a 3-channel format, an excitation of a particularly good, omnidirectional, non-directional, rotating field can occur in the reproduction space.

[0040] Therefore, if the existing audio clip has only a single mono channel or when only a single channel is to be used for re-amplification, the first number of channels may be one. Alternatively, the existing audio clip may also have two or more channels, so that the first number of channels may also be greater than 1.

[0041] Furthermore, the apparatus for re-recording further comprises a microphone arrangement having a second number of microphone systems 221, 222, 223, 224, 225 arranged at different positions in the reproduction space. In particular, each microphone system of the second number of microphone systems is configured to capture an omnidirectional pressure signal and a directional differential signal. Figure 1a In the example, OD is used for directional differential signals, while D is used for directional differential signals. The number following this refers to the number of the microphone system that captured the signal.

[0042] Furthermore, the loudspeaker arrangement comprises an interface 150 for outputting or recording the omnidirectional pressure signal and the at least one directional differential signal for each microphone system of the second number of microphone systems to obtain a re-recorded audio segment 240 in a recorded form or in an output form. Figure 1a In the illustrated embodiment, after re-amplification, the audio clip comprises nine or ten different audio signals generated from an existing audio clip having two channels. Figure 1a In the embodiment shown, the second microphone system 221 is shown in an intermediate position. Depending on the implementation, it has been shown that the reproduction position can be well described by the omnidirectional pressure signal alone, since, for example, a loudspeaker or a singer, which is essentially characterized by direct sound production and sound output, is usually located at this position. Therefore, the directional differential signal may be of secondary importance at this position and it may be omitted, e.g. Figure 1a As shown, the directional differential signal D2 at the input of the interface 150 or the output of the second microphone 221 is indicated in brackets.

[0043] Alternatively, the omnidirectional signal can also be generated by, for example, adding the first channel and the second channel, and can therefore be introduced separately, as shown at 151. If the microphone system 221 at the middle position does not need either the omnidirectional signal OD2 or the directional differential signal D2, the arrangement of the microphone system at this position can also be completely omitted to reduce the workload for re-amplification or for re-recording. Then, the middle channel from the existing audio clip, if available, is added to the re-recorded audio clip, or, if unavailable, is generated from the available left and right channels by downmixing, and the result of the downmixing is added to the re-recorded audio clip.

[0044] If you will refer to Figure 3 As shown, if a three-channel signal including a center channel is to be re-recorded, the use of the second microphone system 221 at the center position is preferably omitted. Then, the channel or track B generated in the re-recorded audio clip from the original center channel 113 is Figure 2 As shown, and introduced into the re-recorded audio segment via the introduction component 151 and the interface 150, no recording with the microphone system actually occurs. However, it is clear that according to this embodiment, the microphone system 221 can be set in an intermediate position, such as Figure 1a As shown, the omnidirectional signal as well as the directional differential signal can be introduced from the microphone system via interface 150 into the re-recorded audio segment.

[0045] In principle, the reproduction space 110 can be any reproduction space, which does not necessarily have to be a closed space, but only has a defined spatial extension, in which loudspeaker systems and microphone systems can be arranged at specific locations. Thus, if the audio clip is a live concert, for example, i.e. it was not recorded in a specific recording studio, the space can also be a "free space".

[0046] However, if the audio clip was recorded in a recording studio, it is preferably re-recorded again using exactly the same recording studio as the reproduction space, because the rotated sound field that has been generated but not recorded in the artist's first recording of the audio clip will now be additionally recorded by the re-recording method of the present invention and will be available for high-quality audio reproduction.

[0047] like Figure 1b An example of an existing audio clip is shown, which will typically include certain metadata and, in addition to the metadata, will have a left channel or left track A, a right track or right channel C, and a center or mono channel B. The left channel is denoted 111 or 1001. The right channel is denoted 112 or 1002, and the center channel is denoted 1013.

[0048] For comparison, Figure 1c The re-recorded audio clip is shown to again include metadata, which may now have a greater scope than the original metadata because the data associated with the metadata is now richer. Figure 1c The example scene shows five reproduction positions, namely left wide, right wide, left, right, and left rear. The original three channels have become 20 audio tracks, where a "channel", such as the LW channel, consists of three individual channel signals, namely the omnidirectional pressure signal OD1, the directional differential signal D1a in the x direction, the directional differential signal D1b in the y direction, and the directional differential signal D1c in the z direction. The generation or recording of these differential signals is then referred to Figures 11 to 14 A detailed explanation of the microphone system is explained in detail.

[0049] According to this embodiment, the maximum, i.e. the most accurate representation of the speed of sound can be recorded unambiguously by all three components x, y, z. However, some "intermediate" representations can be used to reduce the transmission workload or the size of the re-recorded audio segment. For example, only a single differential signal, e.g. the largest of the three differential signals, can be recorded and transmitted. Alternatively, the three differential signals can be added to generate and transmit the total differential signal, e.g. by adding D 1a , D 1b and D 1c . Alternatively, the two differential signals may be added, i.e. x, y or x, z or y, z. Furthermore, any combination is possible, such as transmitting only the largest differential signal with respect to its power, e.g. in a frame or within a certain time range, and optionally additionally transmitting the second largest signal or the sum of the two remaining directional components, etc. In any case, the re-recorded audio clip will preferably have more "channels" than the original audio clip, and each channel will include, in addition to the preferably omnidirectional pressure signal, at least one directional differential signal, which is either the actual measured differential signal or a signal resulting from a combination, such as addition, of measured differential signals. In any case, this differential signal will more or less accurately describe the speed of sound and will enable the control of a corresponding differential mode transducer, i.e. a corresponding transducer for generating a rotating sound field, if the re-recorded audio clip is to be reproduced. As described, the pressure signal is preferably omnidirectional, however, this depends on the microphone; it may also carry a residual of directionality. However, it is a pressure signal and unlike the directional differential signal representing the speed of sound, it does not represent the direction of the vector field, but only the omnidirectional pressure at the microphone position. It can be obtained in different ways, for example by adding the signal of the microphone diaphragm, through its own pressure sensor, or preferably by adding the two components of a portion of the microphone diaphragm, such as a partial microphone for the z direction.

[0050] Preferably, the inventive concept is useful for a "scaling up" to occur, i.e. for the second number of microphone systems to be greater than the first number of channels. However, in principle, it is also possible to use, for example, only one channel of an existing audio clip and to control the inventive loudspeaker system with this channel, wherein the inventive microphone is arranged at an intermediate position adjacent to the loudspeaker system or between the listener position 114 and the loudspeaker system to obtain a re-recorded mono signal, which now includes a directional differential signal in addition to the omnidirectional pressure signal. Therefore, the second number can also be equal to the first number.

[0051] Other formats are the generation of a re-recorded audio clip with stereo characteristics from an original audio clip with mono characteristics or from an original stereo audio clip without any rotation information. Furthermore, it is also possible to use three microphone systems from the three original channels to record an enriched, i.e. re-recorded audio clip, which now again has three "channels", where each channel now includes a directional difference signal or multiple directional difference signals in addition to the (omnidirectional) pressure signal.

[0052] Figure 3 Specific embodiments of arrangements of a loudspeaker system and a microphone system are shown for an example of re-recording of an inventive loudspeaker system with molecular acoustics (MA) and a microphone system with molecular acoustics (MA) for the Dolby Atmos format.

[0053] In particular, it is shown that the format comprises six reproduction positions and therefore positions for the inventive microphone system, namely positions 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227 in the middle layer. Furthermore, six further reproduction positions and therefore microphone system positions 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231 are shown in the top layer. The resulting re-recorded signal then has a rich "channel" for the microphone positions 222 to 231, and furthermore it has an intermediate signal which, however, is extracted directly from the existing audio clip and added to the signal, as in Figure 1a As shown in 151. Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, if an omnidirectional signal and three directional difference signals are recorded for each microphone position, 12 "enriched" channels and one intermediate channel are created from the original three-channel signal with the loudspeaker positions 201, 202, 203, wherein each enriched channel includes one omnidirectional signal and three directional difference signals. Figure 3 According to the implementation scheme, the re-recorded audio clip includes a total of 48+1, i.e. 49 channels, as the third number of channels, so to speak, if the first number of channels is 3 and the second number of microphone systems is 12.

[0054] exist Figure 3 The following terms can be seen in the video: left, right, front, center, rear, top, wide, side, MA triple microphone unit, speaker.

[0055] like Figure 4 Channel abbreviations and loudspeaker positions are shown in the top view, as shown from ISO / IEC 23003:1.

[0056] Here, you can see the following nouns: mid- and low-frequency enhancement, surround, direct, side, vertical, and height.

[0057] Another reproduction format, 22.2 multichannel, such as Figure 5 As shown in ITU / R BS.2159-9, there are three layers, namely the bottom layer 501, the middle layer 502 and the top layer 503. The bottom layer has three channels, the middle layer has ten channels, and the top layer has nine channels, including two subwoofer, or LFE channels. The various abbreviations for the speaker positions are as follows: Figure 5 The diagram shows a bottom view and a top view of the television screen 504 .

[0058] Figure 6a and Figure 6b The vertical position or top view of the reproduction position in Dolby Atmos is shown. In particular, Figure 6b The format shown is different from Figure 3 The format shown is that the two middle microphone positions or loudspeaker positions 228, 229, TML (top center left) and TMR (top center right) are still in Figure 3 are used in, although they do not exist in Figure 6b middle.

[0059] According to the invention, the microphone system can be positioned at Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6a , Figure 6b In addition, any number of microphone system subsets can be placed, from Figure 6b and Figure 3 It can be seen from the comparison that two positions TML and TMR are not Figure 6b Alternatively, a user-specific format that does not correspond to the standardized format can be used, however, it is preferred to represent the corresponding format or part of the corresponding standardized format with the microphone system and then add the corresponding term to the re-recorded audio segment in the metadata.

[0060] Figure 2A preferred embodiment of the control of three speaker systems 201, 202, 203 is shown. Each individual speaker system arranged at a specific speaker position, such as the left position, the center position and the right position, comprises a first sound transducer system 201a, 203a, 202a for reproducing a conventional (panned) sound signal by means of a sound transducer system known as a CM transducer or common mode transducer. The sound transducer system may comprise a single speaker or a plurality of speakers, i.e. several speaker diaphragms, usually housed and supported by a subwoofer, as will be described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 Furthermore, each speaker system comprises a further sound transducer system 201b, 203b, 202b which is controlled by an independent audio signal and is configured to generate a rotating sound field. Figure 2 In the invention, it is called DM (differential mode) and is symbolically represented by two loudspeakers, which face away from each other and radiate in opposite directions. However, preferably, a nearly omnidirectional sound transducer system is used, i.e. radiating essentially equally in all directions, and preferably configured as Fig. 9 Dodecahedron shown.

[0061] Each audio signal is amplified by a respective amplifier 201c, 201d, 203c, 203d, 202c, 202d. Typically, the speaker system is an active speaker system, so the amplifier is placed in the speaker system, such as Figure 2 Alternatively, the amplifier can also be arranged separately from the loudspeaker, for example in the signal processing component 100, however, Figure 2 shown so that it does not include a power amplifier.

[0062] Preferably, only attenuation components 113c and 113d are used to generate two audio signals 113a, 113b. The channel signal for the existing audio segment in the middle, i.e., track B, or the channel signal of the monophonic 113 is provided to the branch point 113e, and from there to the sound transducer system via the first attenuation component 113c to generate the rotational sound 203b, while generating the second audio signal 113, so that the original signal 113 is attenuated by the second attenuation component 113d. Preferably, the attenuation components 113c, 113d are adjusted differently to the extent that the attenuation component 113d attenuates less than the attenuation component 113c. By adjusting these adjustable attenuation components, it is possible to adjust the percentage of the rotational sound of the middle channel. Even if there is only one monophonic signal, the emission of the audio signal 113b, even if the signal is in phase with respect to the audio signal 113a, will result in the fact that a rotational sound field is excited in the reproduction space, which is due to the second sound transducer system 203b. This effect, also called "generator effect", results in a rotating sound field being excited in the reproduction space, even though the originally existing audio fragment did not even have a stereo signal and the synthesis of a differential signal is therefore not possible, which requires the presence of a stereo signal. The rotating sound field generated by the transducer 203b results in a rotating sound field being propagated or excited in the reproduction space, a complete representation of which with respect to the speed of sound is recorded at the microphone position, if necessary in the x, y and z directions. Thus, due to the preferably closed reproduction space, a significantly better representation can be obtained already in the inventive novel re-amplification of a mono signal.

[0063] For the left and right channels, control signals 111a and 112a for the sound transducer system for reproducing the panning of the sound field are generated by directly supplying the left stereo channel or the right stereo channel respectively, or after attenuation through preferably adaptable attenuation components 1105 or 1205 to the corresponding power amplifiers 201d, 202d.

[0064] However, in order to generate the differential signal, i.e. the control signal 111b, 112b, the left stereo channel 111 or 1001 and the right stereo channel 112 or 1002 on the input side are used. Therefore, two polarity inversions are performed in blocks 1015, 1016, and then the results of the polarity inversions are added in respective blocks 1013, 1014 to obtain a differential signal 1011 or 1012, which is then supplied directly or amplified by a voltage controlled amplifier (VCA) 1031, 1032 to the second sound transducer system to generate a rotating sound field, depending on the embodiment. On its way to the loudspeaker, attenuation in the attenuation member 1101 or 1201 may be performed. Furthermore, depending on the implementation, the common-mode signal attenuated by the attenuation component 1103 or 1203 may be added to the differential signal at the output of the amplifier 1031 or 1032 or the output of the adder 1013, 1014, wherein the signal may be attenuated by an optional attenuation component 1104, 1204 at the output of the adder 1102 or 1202 performing the addition, so as to ultimately obtain a corresponding second audio signal for the DM transducer system indicated as 111b or 112b.

[0065] It should be noted that all components 1101, 1102, 1103, 1104, 1105 or 1201, 1202, 1203, 1204, 1205, respectively, are optional components that can be robustly adjusted to specific attenuation values ​​that vary from component to component, depending on the implementation. Alternatively, some or all components need not be present, or can be adjusted to attenuate to 0. It is also possible that only a subset of these components are present.

[0066] In addition, the use of amplifier 1301 or 1302 controlled by control signal 1035 via branch point 1033 is optional, which is also illustrated that for the optional switch, after optional processing, signal 1011 or signal 1036, or signal 1012 or signal 1037, is supplied to the second sound transducer system, or DM transducer system 201b, 202b, respectively.

[0067] It is merely preferred that the second audio signal, i.e. the control signal for the sound transducer system for generating the rotating sound field, is derived from the difference of the two stereo channels available for the originally existing audio fragment, respectively. Furthermore, the use of polarity inverters 1015, 1016 and the subsequent addition at 1013, 1014 is only optional. There may also be a subtraction or an approximate subtraction, so that the signal at the output of the operation (i.e. the signal denoted by "AC" or "CA") is based on the difference between the left and right stereo channels, the stereo channels without such a difference being the exact result of an exact subtraction.

[0068] The optional use of a voltage controlled amplifier 1031 or 1032, or the control of such an amplifier based generally on the correlation of the left and right channels, will be described with reference to Fig.15 and Fig.16 This method is also described in WO2022253768A1, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0069] Fig.15 A device for generating a control signal of a sound generator is shown, comprising a differential signal generator 1010, a controllable amplifier 1030 and a controller 1020. The differential signal generator 1010 is configured to generate a differential signal 1011 from a first channel signal and a second channel signal. The first channel signal 1001 and the second channel signal 1002 are derived from a multi-channel audio signal, for example, a left channel signal and a right channel signal.

[0070] The controllable amplifier 1030 is configured to amplify or attenuate the differential mode signal 1011, i.e., to perform adjustable amplification or attenuation according to an adjustment value 1035 received by the controllable amplifier 1030 from the controller 1020. In particular, the apparatus in FIG. 15 is configured to use the amplified differential mode signal 1036 as a basis for a control signal for one or more sound generators.

[0071] The controller 1020 is configured to determine adjustment values ​​1035 such that a first adjustment value is determined at a first similarity between the first channel signal and the second channel signal and such that a second adjustment value is determined at a second similarity between the first channel signal and the second channel signal, wherein, in particular, the first similarity represents a lower similarity than the second similarity and wherein the first adjustment value represents a lower amplification than the second adjustment value or a greater attenuation than the second adjustment value. This relationship is schematically illustrated in the mapping function 1000, illustrating adjustment values ​​for amplification (adjustment values ​​greater than 1) and / or adjustment values ​​for attenuation (adjustment values ​​less than 1), i.e. depending on the similarity scale. In particular, for larger similarity values, i.e. for stronger similarity between the first channel signal and the second channel signal, the amplification becomes increasingly larger. This is advantageous because level losses of the differential mode signal, which is preferably generated as a differential signal or a near differential signal, are leveled out or partially compensated by this. On the other hand, the less similar the two channel signals are, the smaller the amplification factor is, because the level of the differential signal is getting larger. In particular, a special case occurs if the first channel signal is very different from the second channel signal, i.e. completely correlated, but in antiphase. Then, the calculation of the differential signal leads to an exaggerated situation of the differential signal level, and the similarity value is mapped to the adjustment value according to the mapping function, such as Fig.15 As schematically shown at 1000 in FIG. 1 , according to the present invention, the differential mode signal is treated to be amplified less or even attenuated, ie, has an amplification factor less than 1 on a linear scale or has a negative amplification factor on a logarithmic scale such as a decibel (dB) scale.

[0072] The amplification may be an amplification resulting in an increase in level, i.e. an amplification with an amplification factor greater than 1, or a positive amplification factor on the dB scale. However, the amplification may also be an amplification with an amplification factor less than 1, i.e. an attenuation. The amplification factor is then between 0.1, or in the negative range of the dB scale.

[0073] Depending on the embodiment, the signal is analyzed directly to determine when the adjustment value occurs. Fig.15 Alternatively, the multi-channel audio signal comprising the first channel signals 1001, 111 and the second channel signals 1002, 112 comprises metadata 1050. The controller 1020 is configured to extract adjustment values ​​1035, 1051 from the metadata 1050. The controllable amplifier is configured to apply adjustable amplification or attenuation to the differential mode signal 1011 according to the extracted adjustment values. For the metadata at 1051, this is illustrated by the arrow pointing to the block 1020. Then, direct signal analysis does not necessarily occur Fig.15 In a hybrid implementation, the starting value of the adjustment value is read out from the metadata 1051 and can then be refined by a device configured for the actual signal analysis. On the other hand, a device that is not capable of signal analysis and can only read out the metadata 1051 will use the same starting value for the entire segment, which already represents an improvement, or at some point in time within the segment, a new adjustment value is available in the metadata and this new adjustment value will be used to adjust the controllable amplifier.

[0074] Preferably, the controller 1020 is configured to determine a correlation value between the first channel signal 1001 and the second channel signal 1002, wherein the correlation value is a measure of similarity. Particularly preferably, the controller 1020 is configured to calculate a normalized cross-correlation function from the first channel signal and the second channel signal, wherein the value of the normalized cross-correlation function is a measure of similarity. Specifically, the controller 1020 is configured to calculate the correlation value by using a correlation function, the correlation function having a range of negative and positive values, wherein the controller is configured to determine an adjustment value for a negative value of the cross-correlation function, the adjustment value indicating attenuation or amplification, and for a positive value of the correlation function, the adjustment value indicating amplification or attenuation, i.e., the opposite. The value range of a typical normalized cross-correlation function is between -1 and +1, wherein the value of -1 indicates that the two signals are completely correlated but in opposite phases, and therefore are not similar to the maximum value.

[0075] On the other hand, if the two channel signals are perfectly correlated and in phase, i.e. completely similar, a value of +1 is obtained. In the case of the normalized cross-correlation function, the differential signal becomes larger and larger with decreasing values ​​from -1 to 0, which is why the amplification factor in this range becomes smaller and smaller. With values ​​between 0 and -1 of the normalized cross-correlation function, the similarity becomes lower and lower, which is why the differential signal is attenuated more and more, or amplified less and less, to offset the exaggeration of the differential signal. Therefore, the similarity between the channel signals is synchronized with the cross-correlation function only when the two channel signals are in phase, i.e., if the sign of the cross-correlation function is +1. However, if the sign of the cross-correlation function is negative, the similarity is asynchronous with respect to the value of the cross-correlation function.

[0076] A preferred mapping function can be the mapping function 1000 of FIG. 1 , for example, with an amplification aV in dB on its y-axis. The similarity values ​​along the x-axis have a range of values ​​between -1 and +1, wherein the maximum similarity is obtained at a value of the cross-correlation function of +1. However, the maximum difference corresponding to the value of the cross-correlation function relative to the amount 1 and the negative sign will result in the amplification becoming attenuation, i.e. an amplification less than 1, or an amplification in the negative decibel range. In such an embodiment, the relationship between the similarity value on the one hand and the adjustment value on the other hand is linear, i.e. up to a value of about 0.8 in one embodiment. Above values ​​exceeding 0.8, for example, the progression of the amplification to the adjustment value is drawn with a dashed line and will no longer run linearly in some embodiments. This is because the differential signal becomes smaller and smaller, and in extreme cases, it may even become 0 if a 100% in-phase signal is present at the input of the controller. Very strong amplification leads to the fact that very small signals consisting mainly of noise will be amplified. In this case, the amplification is maintained at the highest level or the amplification is reduced to 0 in order to "turn off", so to speak, the differential signal of such a situation. Another possibility is to reduce the amplification factor early, as shown by the curved dashed line, and then reach the vertical dashed line to enter some compression at a value of perhaps 0.6 or 0.7 to enter an amplification value of 0dB at a value of 0.8 or greater than 0.8 but less than 1.

[0077] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment value is not determined based on the channel signals 1001, 1002, but is determined based on the differential signal 1011, as in Fig.151 to the controller 1020. Here, the level, amplitude or other amplitude-related quantity, such as the magnitude of the amplitude, the square of the amplitude or the cube of the amplitude, is captured as an approximation of the loudness of the differential signal 1011, etc. Depending on this level, the amplification is adjusted so that a large amplification is selected in case of low levels or low amplitudes of the differential signal, and an attenuation is used, or an amplification with an amplification value less than 1 is selected in case of high levels of the differential signal. Depending on the implementation, the amplification similarity mapping function can be stored in a lookup table in the controller 1020 of FIG. 1, or can be calculated using a function with a quantitative similarity value as input quantity and an adjustment value 1035 as output quantity. Alternative possibilities other than tables or functions can also be used.

[0078] Fig.15 A general implementation is shown which may be used if only a single control signal for a single sound transducer is to be calculated. Fig.15 Further shown is a basic implementation in which further differential signals for further loudspeakers can be calculated. This special implementation for calculating two differential signals, a left differential signal and a right differential signal, for example, Fig.16 Figure. Fig.16 , in the common mode signal feed line, the left channel signal is fed as an example of the first channel signal 1001, also with reference numeral 1011 in subsequent figures. In addition, in the case of another common mode signal feed line, the right signal 1002 or 1012 may be fed.

[0079] The differential signal generator 1010 is illustrated with dashed lines and comprises an adder 1013, a further adder 1014 and two polarity inversion stages 1015 or 1016, respectively. This enables the calculation of a first differential signal 1011 as a difference signal from a left channel signal and a right channel signal and the generation of a further differential signal 1012 from the difference between the right channel and the left channel, both of which are input to a controllable amplifier 1030 comprising a first separate amplifier 1031 for the left or first differential signal and a second separate amplifier 1032 for the second or right differential signal 1012. The amplifier 1030 has an input for an adjustment value g(t), which in this case may be a voltage value derived from a signed value c(t) of a normalized cross-correlation function passing a value range of -1 and +1. The amplifiers 1031, 1032 receive the same adjustment value via the branch point 1033 and are preferably configured as voltage controlled amplifiers. For a given similarity value range between -1 and +1, preferably converted into a drive voltage, i.e. into a value having the dimension volt (V), they deliver an amplification between -10 dB and +10 dB. Fig.16In the embodiment shown, the controller 1020 internally calculates the value c(t) of the preferably used normalized cross-correlation function and converts this value into a corresponding amplified value g(t) via a mapping 1000, which is provided to the amplifier 1030 via a connection 1035. Preferably, this value is provided to a branch point 1033 and forwarded equally to the two symbol amplifiers 1031, 1032. However, alternative different amplification values ​​may be used for the different signals, wherein preferably the same adjustment value is used for both differences.

[0080] Depending on the implementation, the individual amplifiers 1031, 1032 may be configured to obtain a specific voltage value, a specific current value or a specific digital value as the adjustment value. In such a case, the controller 1020 is configured to convert the corresponding similarity value into the voltage value, current value or digital value required by the amplifiers 1031, 1032 by using the table 1000. In an alternative embodiment, the controllable amplifier 1030 may be configured so that it already includes the conversion with the help of the table 1000. Then, with respect to the terminology of the present invention, this conversion is considered to be part of the controller. Therefore, it should be noted that the controller 1020 and the amplifier 1030 do not have to be individual physical components, or semiconductor components, or individual entities, but the definition of these components is a functional definition. Finally, the controllable amplifier 1030 provides two differential signals, namely the first signal 1036, 72 for the left side and the second signal 1037 for the right side.

[0081] Subsequently, the preferred embodiment of the loudspeaker system will be referred to Figures 7 to 10 This technology is also described in WO2012130986, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0082] Then, the speaker refers to Figure 7 and Figure 8is described. The loudspeaker comprises a longitudinal housing 300, which comprises at least one subwoofer 310 for emitting lower sound frequencies. Furthermore, a carrier part 312 is arranged on a top end 310a of the longitudinal housing. Furthermore, the longitudinal housing has a bottom end 310b and the longitudinal housing is advantageously closed in its entire shape and is in particular closed by a bottom plate 310b and an upper plate 310a, in which the carrier part 312 is arranged. Furthermore, an omnidirectional emitting loudspeaker arrangement 314 is provided, which comprises individual loudspeakers for emitting higher sound frequencies, which are arranged in different directions relative to this longitudinal housing 300, wherein the loudspeaker arrangement is fixed to the carrier part 312 and is not surrounded by the longitudinal housing 300, as shown. Advantageously, the longitudinal housing is a cylindrical housing having a circle as diameter over the entire length of the cylindrical housing 300. Advantageously, the longitudinal housing has a length greater than 50 cm or 100 cm and a lateral dimension greater than 20 cm. As Figure 8 As shown, the longitudinal housing advantageously has dimensions of 175 cm and a diameter of 30 cm, the dimension of the carrier in the direction of the longitudinal housing is 15 cm, and the loudspeaker arrangement 314 is wall-shaped and has a diameter of 30 cm, the same as the diameter of the longitudinal housing. The carrier portion 312 advantageously comprises a base portion, which has dimensions matching the longitudinal housing 300. Thus, when the longitudinal housing is cylindrical, then the base portion of the carrier is a circle matching the diameter of the longitudinal housing. However, when the longitudinal housing is square, the lower portion of the carrier 312 is also square and has dimensions matching the longitudinal housing 300.

[0083] Furthermore, the carrier 312 comprises a tip portion having a cross-sectional area which is less than 20% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the base portion, wherein the loudspeaker arrangement 314 is fixed to the tip portion. Figure 8 In the figure, the carrier 312 is conical so that Figure 8 The entire loudspeaker shown in 314 looks like a pencil with a sphere at the top. This is advantageous because the connection between the omnidirectional loudspeaker arrangement 314 and the housing providing the subwoofer is as small as possible because only the tip portion 312b of the carrier is in contact with the loudspeaker arrangement 314. Thus, there is a good acoustic decoupling between the loudspeaker arrangement and the longitudinal enclosure. Furthermore, placing the longitudinal enclosure below the loudspeaker arrangement is advantageous because it is even better when the omnidirectional emission occurs from above the longitudinal enclosure rather than from below the longitudinal enclosure.

[0084] The loudspeaker arrangement 314 has a spherical carrier structure 316, which is also Fig. 9 As another example, the individual speakers are mounted so that each individual speaker emits in a different direction. To illustrate the carrier structure 316, Figure 8Several planes are illustrated, each of which points in a different direction and each presents a single loudspeaker provided with a diaphragm, such as an intuitive piston-like loudspeaker, but without any back enclosure for this loudspeaker.

[0085] The carrier structure can be specifically implemented in Fig. 9 , where the loudspeaker compartment or plane 318 is again shown. In addition, it is advantageous if Fig. 9 The illustrated structure also includes a number of holes 320, so that the carrier structure 360 ​​only fulfills its function as a carrier structure, but does not affect the sound emission, in particular does not hinder the free suspension of the diaphragms of the individual loudspeakers in the loudspeaker arrangement 314. Since the freely suspended diaphragms produce a good rotational component, a useful and high-quality rotational sound rendering can be produced. Therefore, the volume of the carrier structure is as small as possible, so that it only fulfills its function of structurally supporting a single pistonic loudspeaker, without affecting the possibility of deflection of a single diaphragm.

[0086] Advantageously, the loudspeaker arrangement comprises at least six individual loudspeakers and in particular even twelve individual loudspeakers arranged in twelve different directions, wherein, in the example, the loudspeaker arrangement 314 comprises a pentagonal dodecahedron (e.g. a body with 12 evenly distributed surfaces) with twelve individual areas, wherein each individual area is equipped with an individual loudspeaker diaphragm. Importantly, the loudspeaker arrangement 314 does not comprise a loudspeaker housing and the individual loudspeakers are held by a support structure 316 such that the diaphragms of the individual loudspeakers are freely suspended.

[0087] In addition, if Fig.10 In another example, the longitudinal housing 300 includes not only a subwoofer, but also additionally includes the electronics required to feed the subwoofer and the speakers of the speaker arrangement 314. Furthermore, the longitudinal housing 300 does not only include a single subwoofer. Instead, one or more subwoofers may be provided in the front of the housing, wherein the housing has an opening. Fig.10 The opening shown at 310 in the figure can be covered with any covering material, such as a foam foil, etc. The entire volume of the closed shell serves as a resonant body for the subwoofer. The shell further includes one or more directional speakers for Fig.10 The intermediate and / or high frequencies indicated at 602 in the embodiment are advantageously aligned Fig.10 One or more subwoofers indicated at 310 in the figure. These directional speakers are arranged in a longitudinal housing 300, and if there is more than one such speaker, the speakers are advantageously arranged in a straight line, such as Fig.10As shown, the entire loudspeaker is arranged relative to the listener so that the loudspeaker 602 faces the listener. Then, each loudspeaker in the loudspeaker arrangement 314 is provided with a second captured signal or a second audio signal, and the directional loudspeaker is provided with a corresponding first captured signal or a first audio signal. Thus, each individual loudspeaker has an omnidirectional arrangement 316, a directional arrangement 602 and a subwoofer (310. Advantageously, the three loudspeakers 602 are arranged in a d'Appolito arrangement, i.e., the upper and lower loudspeakers are mid-range loudspeakers, and the middle loudspeaker is a tweeter.

[0088] However, alternatively, Fig.10 The speakers in can be used without the directional speaker 602 to achieve Figure 1b An omnidirectional arrangement in for each speaker position, and additional directional speakers can be placed, for example only near the middle position or close to each speaker position, in order to reproduce sounds with high directivity together with sounds with low directivity.

[0089] The housing also includes another loudspeaker 604, which is suspended in the upper part of the housing and has a freely suspended diaphragm. The loudspeaker is a low / mid loudspeaker for a low / mid frequency range between 80 and 300 Hz, advantageously between 100 and 300 Hz. This additional loudspeaker is advantageous because, due to the freely suspended diaphragm, the loudspeaker generates a rotational stimulus / energy in the low / mid frequency range. This rotation enhances the rotation generated by the loudspeaker 314 at low / mid frequencies. The loudspeaker 604 receives a low / mid frequency portion of the signal provided to the loudspeaker at 314, such as a second captured signal or a second mixed signal.

[0090] In a preferred embodiment having a single subwoofer, the subwoofer is a twelve inch subwoofer in a closed longitudinal enclosure 300, and the speaker arrangement 314 is a pentagonal dodecahedron mid / high speaker arrangement with a freely vibrating midrange diaphragm.

[0091] Then, refer to Figures 11 to 14 A preferred embodiment of the microphone arrangement is described. If only a single differential signal is captured, a single local microphone can be configured, but preferably two or even three local microphones are configured to capture the entire sound velocity in the x, y and z directions. This technology is also described in WO2022157252A1, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0092] Fig.11 The first part of the microphone 1 is shown, and the first part of the microphone 1 has a diaphragm pair, which includes a first diaphragm 11 and a second diaphragm 12 arranged opposite to each other. Fig.11The second part of the microphone 2 is shown, and the second part of the microphone 2 has a second diaphragm pair, which includes a third diaphragm 13 and a fourth diaphragm arranged opposite to each other. The first diaphragm pair is arranged so that the first diaphragm 11 and the second diaphragm can be deflected along a first spatial axis such as the x-axis, wherein the second diaphragm pair is arranged so that the third diaphragm 13 and the fourth diaphragm 14 can be deflected along a second spatial axis such as the x-axis. Fig.11 The spatial axis is different from the first spatial axis, that is, the two spatial axes are not parallel. Preferably, the two spatial axes x, y are orthogonal to each other or have an angle between 60° and 120°.

[0093] also, Fig.12 A third partial microphone 13 is shown, which has a third diaphragm pair, which comprises a fifth diaphragm 15 and a sixth diaphragm 16 arranged opposite each other, wherein the third diaphragm pair is arranged such that the fifth diaphragm 15 and the sixth diaphragm 16 can be deflected along a third spatial axis, such as the z-axis. The third spatial axis is different from the first spatial axis and the second spatial axis, wherein preferably all three spatial axes are orthogonal to each other. Different angles between the third spatial axis and the first spatial axis or the second spatial axis, such as in the range between 60° and 120° are preferred.

[0094] also, Fig.12 A very schematic sensitivity characteristic is shown for each membrane 11 to 16, which conventionally has the letters R, F. F stands for front and R stands for rear. The differences in the sensitivity characteristics of the individual membranes, each typically having a counter electrode, are also arranged relative to each other.

[0095] For example Fig.11 or Fig.12 As shown, it is preferred that the membranes of different membrane pairs are directly opposite, parallel to each other and aligned with each other, wherein the distance between two membrane pairs is smaller and preferably less than 2 cm. In addition, it is preferred that the distance of each membrane pair is essentially the same within a tolerance range. In addition, Fig.11 The output lines of each diaphragm are shown. In particular, the first part microphone 1 is configured so that a first diaphragm signal is provided in response to a deflection of the first diaphragm 11 and a second diaphragm signal is provided in response to a deflection of the second diaphragm, which has a specific phase relationship with the first diaphragm signal due to the arrangement or wiring of the diaphragms or the indicated sound or recorded sound field.

[0096] On top of that, the second partial microphone 2, which includes two diaphragms 13, 14, also includes output lines to provide a third diaphragm signal from the third diaphragm 13 and a fourth diaphragm signal from the fourth diaphragm 14. Furthermore, depending on the implementation, the third partial microphone is also configured to provide a fifth diaphragm signal in response to a deflection of the fifth diaphragm 15 and a sixth diaphragm signal in response to a deflection of the diaphragm 16 along a third spatial axis, for example in the z direction.

[0097] The first section microphone, the second section microphone and, if present, the third section microphone are configured to combine the respective diaphragm signals of the diaphragms of the diaphragm pair. Fig.13a The schematic combiner is shown schematically at 30 as one block for all two or three section microphones. Fig.13b 31 in which respective individual combiners can be present for each individual partial microphone, such that the diaphragm signal of one partial microphone is always combined, however, such that diaphragm signals of different partial microphones are not combined at least for generating a first differential output signal 21 for a first partial microphone, a second differential output signal 22 for a second partial microphone and a third differential output signal 23 for a third partial microphone. In a preferred embodiment, however, the combiner 30 is configured to form not only the differential signals 21, 22, 23 but also a common mode or CM signal 24. These CM signals 24 can be, for example, only the individual component signals X, Y, Z, as known from stereophonic technology, or, for example, omnidirectional signals obtained when the diaphragm signals of all individual diaphragms are added without phase shift.

[0098] To generate a differential signal, such as the differential output signal Diffx 21, the combiner 30 is configured to combine the first diaphragm signal 11 and the second diaphragm signal 12 with a modified first phase relationship. Thus, the first differential output signal Diffx 21 is assigned to a first spatial axis, such as the x-axis.

[0099] Furthermore, the second portion of the microphones is configured to combine the second diaphragm signal 13 and the third diaphragm signal 14 with a modified second phase relationship to provide Fig.13a The second differential output signal Diffy shown at 22 in FIG. 1 is assigned to the second spatial axis y. In addition, the third partial microphone is configured to combine the fifth diaphragm signal 15 and the sixth diaphragm signal 16 with a modified third phase relationship to provide Fig.13a The third differential output signal shown at 23 in FIG. 1 is assigned to the spatial axis z.

[0100] Preferably, a combination such as Fig.13c For modifying the first phase relationship between the first diaphragm signal 11 and the second diaphragm signal 12, Fig.13c A phase changing member 40 is schematically shown with a phase value of preferably 180°, wherein the phase angle of the phase member may range between 90° and 270°. However, in the most preferred embodiment the range is preferably 170° to 190° or 180°.

[0101] Phase changing means 41 are provided to change the second phase relationship for the second part of the microphones so that Fig.13c The addition schematically shown in FIG. 1 occurs to modify the second phase relationship.

[0102] On top of this, also for the third partial microphone, a phase changing component 42 is provided, which changes the third phase relationship between the diaphragm signals 15, 16 and adds a signal having a modified third phase relationship, to obtain Fig.13c The third differential output signal Diffz 23 is obtained.

[0103] As shown in the figure, based on Fig.13a The combiner is also configured to form a conventional common mode signal, as shown in reference numeral 24. To form the CM-z signal, the fifth diaphragm signal 15 and the sixth diaphragm signal 16 are added in the original third phase relationship, ie, without the effect of the phase component 42, for example.

[0104] The same is done to obtain the conventional Y-direction component of the directional microphone by adding the diaphragm signals of the second diaphragm pair 13, 14 with the original phase relationship, i.e. without the effect of the phase component 41. Similarly, when the two directional characteristics, i.e. the two directional characteristics of the front diaphragm 11 and the rear diaphragm 12, are added, the X-component of the directional microphone is obtained, also without the effect of the phase component 40.

[0105] When all six diaphragm signals are added with their original first, second and third phase relationships, a complete omnidirectional signal can be obtained, where the omnidirectional signal is called, for example, a W signal or a P signal, as it is also a signal known from stereo technology or in B format, which includes an omnidirectional component and a directional component along the X direction, a directional component along the Y direction and a Z component along the Z direction.

[0106] In contrast to such a B-format signal, in addition to or as an alternative to these signals, the inventive microphone provides differential signals for individual directions, i.e. signals generated when there is a difference between the front and rear directions forming characteristics to detect diaphragms arranged opposite to each other, i.e. Fig.11 The sound field that actually dominates above and below the two diaphragms 11 and 12.

[0107] From the corresponding addition Fig.13c The variation between the first phase relationship on the left and the second phase relationship on the right of FIG. 13c can be obtained by actually providing a phase shifter, a delay line, a phase inversion or a phase polarity inversion. The latter case of phase polarity inversion is used in the preferred embodiment, in which the diaphragm signal is transmitted as a symmetrical signal between the positive line 11a and the negative line 11b. A schematic diagram of the diaphragm signal 11 is shown in Fig.13b ,in Fig.13cThe "wire" 11 in corresponds to the positive individual wire 11a, the negative individual wire 11b and the ground wire (GND) 11c. The same applies to the second diaphragm signal 12, which again consists of a positive wire 12a, a negative wire 12b and a common ground wire 12c. The actual diaphragm signal is transmitted as the difference between the positive wire and the negative wire, because symmetrical line transmission is well known.

[0108] To combine such signals, the combiner 30 is configured as follows Fig.13b The diagram is for individual combiners 31. Fig.11 Each of the three partial microphones 1, 2, 3 of is provided with an individual combiner 31 in its respective implementation. The individual combiner 31 has two inputs 32, 34 for positive potentials and two inputs 33, 35 for negative potentials and one (or two) ground inputs 38 for ground potential GND. Fig.13c The phase reversal shown in the figure is composed of components 40 or 41 or 42. Fig.13c In the embodiment shown, symmetrical signal transmission is used, and the polarity of the positive and negative lines is reversed, such as Fig.13b To the left of is used for the diaphragm signal 12. The positive line 12b is connected to the negative input 35 and the negative line 12b is connected to the positive input 34. At the output, the individual combiners provide a differential signal 21 indicated by Diffx, which is again transmitted as a differential signal between the positive line 36 and the negative line 37, wherein an output ground line 39 (GND) is also provided.

[0109] although Fig.13b Such an individual combiner is shown in the figure only for the first section of microphones, and preferably such an individual combiner is also used for the second section of microphones and the third section of microphones.

[0110] Fig.14 A preferred embodiment of a microphone is shown, in which all three partial microphones are held by a diaphragm holder 50, wherein each partial microphone comprises a longitudinal housing in which a diaphragm pair is arranged in the respective tip of the partial microphone, preferably protected from the outside by a water-permeable grid. In particular, the two diaphragms of the first partial microphone 1 are arranged in the yz plane so that a deflection in the x direction is obtained. In addition to this, the two diaphragms of the second partial microphone 2 are arranged in the xz plane in order to obtain a deflection in the y direction, i.e. along the second spatial axis. Above this, the two diaphragms of the third partial microphone 3 are arranged in the xy plane in order to be deflected by sound in the z direction. Furthermore, the individual partial microphones have output lines, which either route the individual diaphragm signals to the outside or have differential output signals 21, 22 or 23 (not in Fig.14Depending on what electronics have been incorporated into the longitudinal housing of the respective partial microphone, individual lines may also route the conventional common mode components to the outside in individual directions, as shown at 24b, 24c for x and y, where the signal Z, will be according to Figure 7 Discussed, not Fig.14 , but can already be produced by a third partial microphone 3, preferably in the longitudinal housing.

[0111] The three partial microphones are configured so that each diaphragm comprises a counter-electrode, so that six individual diaphragms and six corresponding counter-electrodes are present overall in Fig.14 These counter electrodes form an individual capacitor microphone for each diaphragm, wherein, depending on the implementation, a capacitor or an electret foil can be deposited on the respective counter electrode to Fig.14 The arrangement shown has six individual condenser or electret microphones. The "tips" of the three partial microphones 1, 2, 3 are directed towards a common area or common axis to position the three diaphragm pairs as close to each other as possible so as to be able to detect rotational vibrations represented by three independent components indicating the direction of rotation. To achieve this, it is advantageous to provide a microphone holder, such as Fig.14 As shown at 50 in the figure. The microphone holder is triangular in shape, but may also be kite-shaped or in other shapes. It also includes two sides at a 90° angle to each other so as to align the partial microphone 1 and the partial microphone 2 at a 90° angle to each other. To this end, a first holder 51 is provided, which is arranged on a first side of the two rectangular sides, and a second holder 52 is provided on the other side of the two rectangular sides. The third holder 53 is used to fix the third microphone, and the third holder 53 is arranged on the 90° angle bisecting line on both sides where the first holder 51 and the second holder 52 are located, and protrudes from the drawing plane so that the sensitive microphone tip of the third partial microphone is as close as possible to the two microphone tips of the first partial microphone and the second partial microphone. The holders 51, 52 and 53 are preferably configured as clamps to enable individual partial microphones to be installed without any tools. Other holding devices may also be provided to hold the longitudinal partial microphones in corresponding angular forms so that the diaphragm pair is based on Fig.11 or Fig.12 For other arrangements where a precise rectangular arrangement between the individual microphones is not important, the microphones may also be arranged at an angle between 70° and 110°, or the third holder 53 or the third part of the microphone may be arranged at an angle between 30° and 60° relative to the first holder or the second holder. The microphone holder 50 is further mounted to Fig.14Schematically shown is a tripod 54. Instead of a tripod 54, the microphone can also be suspended from the ceiling using a rope structure so that the bottom area is free, for example, when a stage is to be recorded. Fig.14 The spring clamp shown is for a single retainer, a magnetic retainer, a latching assembly, or other retainers may be used.

[0112] The inventive re-recorded audio clip comprises at least a first pressure signal, a first directional difference signal and a second directional difference signal for a first channel; and a second pressure signal, a third directional difference signal and a fourth directional difference signal for a second channel. Figure 1c As shown, the audio clip may include a number of additional channels, or pressure signals and / or directional differential signals. In addition, it may be recorded on a physical storage medium, such as a non-volatile or digital storage medium.

[0113] Although some aspects have been described in the context of an apparatus, it should be understood that the aspect also represents a description of a corresponding method, and thus a block or structural component of an apparatus should also be understood as a corresponding method step or as a feature of a method step. Similarly, aspects that have been described in the context of a method step or as a method step also represent a description of a corresponding block or detail or feature of a corresponding apparatus.

Claims

1. An apparatus for re-recording an existing audio segment having a first number of channels (111, 112), comprising: A loudspeaker arrangement for reproducing a first number of channels in a reproduction space (110) with a first number of loudspeaker systems (201, 202, 203), wherein the first number is 1 or greater than 1, and wherein the one loudspeaker system (203) of the first number of loudspeaker systems or the loudspeaker systems (201, 202, 203) are configured to generate a translational sound field and a rotational sound field in the reproduction space (110) for each channel (111, 112, 113) of the first number of channels; a microphone arrangement having a second number of microphone systems (221-231), the second number of microphone systems (221-231) being arranged at different microphone positions in the reproduction space (110), wherein each microphone system of the second number of microphone systems (221-231) is configured to capture a pressure signal (OD) and a directional difference signal (D); and An interface (150) for outputting or recording the pressure signal and the directional differential signal or a differential signal derived from the directional differential signal as a re-recorded audio segment (240).

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein: The existing audio clip includes a mono channel (113) and the first number is 1, wherein a single loudspeaker system (203) is arranged at an intermediate loudspeaker position relative to a listener position (114) in the reproduction space (110), wherein the second number is greater than the first number, and The microphone arrangement comprises at least one first microphone system (201) and a second microphone system (202), wherein the at least one first microphone system (201) is located at a first left microphone position relative to the listener position (114) in the reproduction space, and the second microphone system (202) is located at a second right microphone position relative to the listener position (114) in the reproduction space (110).

3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The existing audio segment includes a first left channel (111) and a second right channel (112), and the first number is 2 or 3, wherein a first speaker system of the first number of speaker systems is arranged at a left speaker position relative to the listener position (114) in the reproduction space, wherein a second speaker system of the second number of speaker systems is arranged at a right speaker position relative to the listener position (114) in the reproduction space (110), and The microphone arrangement comprises at least one first microphone system (201) and a second microphone system, wherein the at least one first microphone system (201) is located at a first left microphone position relative to the listener position (114) in the reproduction space (110), and the second microphone system is located at a second right microphone position relative to the listener position (114) in the reproduction space.

4. The device according to claim 3, wherein: The existing audio clip also includes a middle channel (113) and the first number is 3, wherein another speaker system (203) is arranged at a middle speaker position relative to the listener position (114) in the reproduction space (110) to generate a panned sound field and a rotated sound field for the middle channel.

5. The device according to claim 4, wherein: The interface (150) is configured to copy (151) the intermediate channel (113) into the re-recorded audio segment as the intermediate channel of the re-recorded audio segment.

6. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The second amount is greater than the first amount, and wherein a third number of channels in the re-recorded audio clip (240) is at least twice the second number, wherein the corresponding pressure signal represents its own channel in the third number, and the corresponding directional difference signal or the difference signal derived from the directional difference signal also represents its own channel in the third number of channels.

7. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: Each channel of the first number of channels (111, 112, 113) is associated with its own different reproduction position in a first reproduction format, and wherein the one or more of the first number of speaker systems are arranged at the reproduction position of the first reproduction format in the reproduction space (110), and Therein, each microphone system (221-231) is arranged at its own reproduction position of a second reproduction format, wherein the second reproduction format is different from the first reproduction format.

8. The device according to claim 7, wherein: The first reproduction format is a monophonic format, a stereophonic format or a three-channel format, the three-channel format having a left channel (111), a center channel (113) and a right channel (112), or The second reproduction format is a reproduction format recommended by ITU, comprising at least one layer (501, 502, 503) from a group of layers (501, 502, 503), including a bottom layer (501), a middle layer (502) and a top layer, wherein at least one speaker position of the first speaker system belongs to the top layer (503), and at least one speaker position of the second speaker system belongs to the middle layer (502), or is a Dolby Atmos reproduction format, or an MPEG reproduction format, or includes a part of any of the above reproduction formats.

9. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The existing audio clip has been recorded in an original reproduction space with specific original room acoustics, and The reproduction space (110) is the same reproduction space as the original reproduction space, or is another reproduction space, and the indoor acoustic effect of the other reproduction space is the same as or similar to the original indoor acoustic effect.

10. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: Each of the first number of speaker systems (201, 202, 203) comprises: a first sound transducer system (201a, 203a, 202a); a second sound transducer system (201b, 203b, 202b); a first input for a first audio signal (111a, 113a, 112a) to be fed to the first sound transducer system (201a, 203a, 202a) to generate the panned sound field; and a second input for a second audio signal (111b, 113b, 112b) different from the first audio signal and which can be fed to the second sound transducer system (201b, 203b, 202b) to generate the rotating sound field, Wherein the second sound transducer system is configured to emit sound omnidirectionally or with a lower directivity or quality factor than the first sound transducer system.

11. The device according to claim 10, wherein: The first sound transducer system (201a, 203a, 202a) comprises one or more speakers (602) oriented in one direction and housed in a housing (300), or Wherein, the second sound transducer system includes a plurality of individual speakers (318), each individual speaker being oriented in a different direction, wherein one of the individual speakers (318) is oriented in a direction different from the direction in which the speaker (602) of the first sound transducer system is oriented.

12. The device according to claim 10 or 11, wherein: The second sound transducer system comprises a circular carrier structure (316) on which the individual loudspeakers (318) are arranged, the loudspeakers being housingless loudspeakers provided with loudspeaker diaphragms, such that during operation the loudspeaker diaphragms radiate in different directions.

13. The device according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein: The second sound transducer system (201b, 203b, 202b) comprises at least six individual loudspeakers, or comprises a dodecahedron having 12 separate areas, wherein the individual loudspeakers of the plurality of loudspeakers of the second sound transducer system are arranged on areas of the twelve separate areas of the dodecahedron.

14. The apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 13, further comprising a signal processing component (100) for generating, from each channel of a first number of channels of the existing audio fragment, a first audio signal and a second audio signal of the speaker system associated with the channel.

15. The device according to claim 14, wherein: The first number of channels includes a middle channel, wherein the signal processing component (100) is configured to derive both a first audio signal and a second audio signal of the speaker system associated with the middle channel from the middle channel by attenuating (113c, 113d) or amplifying the middle channel.

16. The device according to claim 15, wherein: The signal processing component is configured to derive a first audio signal (113a) and a second audio signal (113b) such that the second audio signal (113b) has less power than the first audio signal (113a).

17. The device according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein: The first number of channels includes a left channel and a right channel, and wherein the signal processing component (100) is configured to generate a first audio signal of the speaker system (201) associated with the left channel from the left channel without the right channel or with the right channel, wherein a power percentage of the right channel in the first audio signal (111a) is less than 1 / 10 of the power percentage of the left channel in the first audio signal (111a), and The signal processing component (100) is configured to generate a second audio signal (112a) of the speaker system (202) associated with the right channel from the right channel without the left channel or with the left channel, wherein the power percentage of the left channel in the first audio signal (112a) is smaller and is 1 / 10 of the power percentage of the right channel in the first audio signal (112a).

18. The device according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein: The first number of channels includes a left channel and a right channel, and The signal processing component (100) is configured to determine a second audio signal (111b) of the speaker system (201) associated with the left channel (111) or a second audio signal (112b) of the speaker system (202) associated with the right channel (112) from a difference (1011, 1012) of the left channel (111) and the right channel (112) or from a sum (1013, 1014) of the left channel and the right channel, wherein one of the left channel or the right channel has its polarity reversed (1015, 1016) before the summing.

19. The device according to claim 18, wherein: The signal processing component (100) is configured to use the difference formation or the result of the addition (1011, 1012) to generate the corresponding second audio signal (111b, 112b) regardless of the correlation between the left channel and the right channel, or is configured to amplify or attenuate (1031, 1032) the result of the difference formation or the addition (1011, 1012) in a signal-dependent manner, for example, depending on the correlation between the first channel and the second channel, and is configured to use the result of the amplification or the attenuation to generate the corresponding second audio signal (111b, 112b).

20. The device according to claim 19, wherein The signal processing component (100) is configured to attenuate (1103, 1203) the left channel or the right channel and, during the generation of the corresponding second audio signal, add (1102, 1202) the attenuated result to the difference formation or the addition result or to the amplification or attenuation result.

21. The device according to any one of claims 10 to 20, wherein: The speaker systems (201, 202, 203) for the first audio signal and the second audio signal each include a power amplifier (201c, 201c, 203c, 203d, 202c, 202d).

22. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: One or several of the microphone systems (221-231) of the microphone arrangement comprises: A first partial microphone (1) comprises a first diaphragm pair, wherein the first diaphragm pair comprises a first diaphragm (11) and a second diaphragm (12) arranged opposite to each other; and The second microphone (2) comprises a second diaphragm pair, wherein the second diaphragm pair comprises a third diaphragm (13) and a fourth diaphragm (14) arranged opposite to each other. wherein the first diaphragm pair is arranged such that the first diaphragm (11) and the second diaphragm (12) can be deflected along a first spatial axis, and The second diaphragm pair is arranged so that the third diaphragm (13) and the fourth diaphragm (14) can be deflected along the second spatial axis. Therein, the second spatial axis is different from the first spatial axis.

23. The apparatus according to claim 22, comprising: The third part microphone (3) has a third diaphragm pair, including a fifth diaphragm (15) and a sixth diaphragm (16) arranged opposite to each other, wherein the third diaphragm pair is arranged so that the fifth diaphragm (15) and the sixth diaphragm (16) can be deflected along a third spatial axis, wherein the third spatial axis is different from the first spatial axis and the second spatial axis.

24. The device according to claim 22 or 23, wherein: The spatial axes are orthogonal to one another or an angle of between 60° and 120° exists between the two spatial axes.

25. The device according to any one of claims 22 to 24, wherein The diaphragms of the first diaphragm pair, the second diaphragm pair and the third diaphragm pair are respectively arranged to be directly opposite to each other and parallel or to be arranged to be spaced less than 2 cm from each other.

26. The device according to any one of claims 22 to 25, wherein: The first part microphone (1) is configured to provide a first diaphragm signal in response to a deflection of the first diaphragm (11) and to provide a second diaphragm signal in response to a deflection of the second diaphragm (12), wherein the first diaphragm signal and the second diaphragm signal include a first phase relationship, wherein the first part microphone (1) is configured to combine the first diaphragm signal and the second diaphragm signal to modify the first phase relationship to provide a first differential output signal (21) associated with the first spatial axis, or wherein the second microphone portion (2) is configured to provide a third diaphragm signal in response to a deflection of the third diaphragm (13) and to provide a fourth diaphragm signal in response to a deflection of the fourth diaphragm (14), wherein the third diaphragm signal and the fourth diaphragm signal have a second phase relationship, wherein the second microphone portion (2) is configured to combine the third diaphragm signal and the fourth diaphragm signal with a modified second phase relationship (30) to provide a second differential output signal (22) associated with the second spatial axis, or Wherein, the third part microphone (3) is configured to provide a fifth diaphragm signal in response to the deflection of the fifth diaphragm (15) and to provide a sixth diaphragm signal in response to the deflection of the sixth diaphragm, wherein the fifth diaphragm signal and the sixth diaphragm signal include a third phase relationship, wherein the third part microphone (3) is configured to combine the fifth diaphragm signal and the sixth diaphragm signal to modify the third phase relationship (30) to provide a third differential output signal (23) associated with the third spatial axis.

27. The device according to claim 26, wherein The modified first phase relationship differs from the first phase relationship by 180° or differs from the first phase relationship by a phase between 150° and 210°, or The modified second or third phase relationship differs from the second phase relationship or the third phase relationship by 180° or differs from the second phase relationship or the third phase relationship by a phase between 150° and 210°.

28. The device according to any one of claims 25 or 26, wherein The first diaphragm signal is transmitted as a symmetrical signal on a first positive line (11a) and a first negative line (11b), The second diaphragm signal is transmitted as a symmetrical signal on a second positive line (12a) and a second negative line (12b), The first microphone section (1) comprises a combiner (31), the combiner (31) having a first positive input section (32) and a first negative input section (33) for the first diaphragm signal and a second positive input section (34) and a second negative input section (35) for the second diaphragm signal. wherein the second negative line (12b) of the second diaphragm signal is connected to the second positive input (34) of the combiner (31), and wherein the second positive line (12a) of the second diaphragm signal is connected to the second negative input (35) of the combiner, and wherein the first positive line (11a) of the first diaphragm signal is connected to the first positive input (32) of the combiner (31), and wherein the first negative line (11b) of the first diaphragm signal is connected to the first negative input (33) of the combiner (31).

29. The device according to any one of claims 25 to 28, wherein The first microphone section (1) is configured to add the first diaphragm signal and the second diaphragm signal in the first phase relationship to provide a first common mode output signal (24b), or wherein the second microphone section (1) is configured to add the third diaphragm signal and the fourth diaphragm signal in the second phase relationship to provide a second common mode output signal (24c), or wherein the third portion of the microphones is configured to add the fifth diaphragm signal and the sixth diaphragm signal in a third phase relationship to provide a third common mode output signal (24d), or Configured to combine the first diaphragm signal, the second diaphragm signal, the third diaphragm signal, the fourth diaphragm signal and possibly the fifth diaphragm signal and the sixth diaphragm signal in a first phase relationship, a second phase relationship and possibly a third phase relationship to provide at least partially omnidirectional or omnidirectional common-mode output signal (24a).

30. The device according to any one of claims 26 to 28, wherein The interface (150) is configured to output or record the pressure signal and the first, second and third differential signals as a re-recorded audio clip (240) for each microphone system or for each microphone system except for the microphone system at the intermediate microphone position.

31. The device according to any one of claims 26 to 28, wherein: The interface (150) is configured to output or record the pressure signal for each microphone system, and to combine at least two directional differential signals and output the result of the combination as the differential signal derived from the directional differential signal, or to perform two different combinations to output two differential signals derived from the directional differential signal.

32. The device according to any one of claims 26 to 28, wherein: The microphone positions of the microphone system (222, 223) are arranged adjacent to the sound transducer system of the speaker system (201, 202) for generating the rotating sound field, Therein, the first section of microphones or the second section of microphones or the third section of microphones is configured to attenuate a diaphragm signal directed toward a diaphragm of a sound transducer of the sound transducer system before combining with another diaphragm signal.

33. A method for re-recording an existing audio segment having a first number of channels (111, 112), comprising: Reproducing the first number of channels in a reproduction space (110) with a first number of speaker systems (201, 202, 203), wherein the first number is 1 or greater than 1, or wherein the one speaker system (203) of the first number of speaker systems or the speaker systems (201, 202, 203) are configured to generate a translational sound field and a rotational sound field in the reproduction space (110) for each channel (111, 112, 113) of the first number of channels; recording with a second number of microphone systems (221-231) arranged at different microphone positions in the reproduction space (110), wherein each microphone system of the second number of microphone systems (221-231) is configured to capture a pressure signal (OD) and a directional difference signal (D); and The pressure signal and the directional differential signal or a differential signal derived from the directional differential signal are output or recorded as a re-recorded audio segment (240).

34. A re-recorded audio clip comprising: a first pressure signal, a first directional differential signal, and a second directional differential signal for a first channel; as well as A second pressure signal, a third directional difference signal, and a fourth directional difference signal for a second channel.

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