A fiber screw extruder

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fiber screw extruder, belonging to the technical field of extruders. It comprises an extruder body, an adjustment component and a porous plate; the adjustment component comprises a support tube, a first support block is fixedly mounted on one end of the support tube, and a plurality of control components are mounted on the first support block; the control component comprises a guide frame, a first tilting block is fixedly mounted on the guide frame, a second tilting block is slidably connected to the guide frame, and the second tilting block and the first tilting block are elastically connected; the porous plate is plugged and matched at the discharge end of the extruder body and limited by a plurality of first spring pins, and a push rod is fixedly mounted on the pin head of the first spring pin. The first support block of the present invention pushes the porous plate limited at the discharge end of the extruder body, so that the porous plate abuts against the discharge end of the extruder body and maintains pressure, and the porous plate and the die head are fixed and maintained at the discharge end of the extruder body by a push-up type, which effectively improves the fixing efficiency of the porous plate and the die head and reduces the difficulty of disassembly and maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of extruders, and more particularly to a fiber screw extruder. Background Art

[0002] When fiber products are extruded in a screw extruder, a filter screen and a porous plate are often set at the outlet of the screw barrel of the extruder. The filter screen is used to prevent impurities and unplasticized materials from entering the die to ensure the purity and quality of the extruded product. The porous plate can change the raw material from rotational motion to linear motion to enter the die and is also used to support the filter screen. The existing filter screen is often installed on the feed side of the porous plate, and the porous plate is fixed to the machine head by bolts. After the porous plate is fixed, the die is installed on the machine head, which results in the need to first disassemble the die and then disassemble the porous plate before the filter screen on the porous plate can be removed, which makes replacement and maintenance more difficult. In view of this, we propose a fiber screw extruder. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fiber screw extruder, which solves the technical problem in the prior art that the filter screen installed at the discharge end of the extruder is difficult to replace and maintain.

[0004] The embodiment of the present invention provides a fiber screw extruder, comprising an extruder body, an adjustment component and a porous plate;

[0005] The adjustment assembly includes a support tube, a first support block is fixedly mounted on one end of the support tube, and a plurality of control assemblies are mounted on the first support block;

[0006] The control assembly includes a guide frame, the guide frame is plugged with the perforated plate, a first tilting block is fixedly mounted on the guide frame, a second tilting block is slidably connected to the guide frame, the tilting direction of the second tilting block is opposite to the tilting direction of the first tilting block, and the second tilting block is elastically connected to the first tilting block through a first elastic member;

[0007] The guide frame is plugged and matched with the porous plate, and the support tube is connected with the screw barrel of the extruder body through the porous plate; the porous plate is plugged and matched with the discharge end of the extruder body and is limited by a plurality of first spring pins, and a push rod is fixedly installed on the pin head of the first spring pin;

[0008] The first support block pushes the porous plate limited at the discharge end of the extruder body, so that the porous plate abuts against the discharge end of the extruder body and maintains pressure.

[0009] Preferably, a connecting block is fixedly installed at the outlet end of the screw barrel of the extruder body, a plurality of first guide rods are fixedly installed on the connecting block, and a plurality of first positioning holes are opened on the connecting block;

[0010] The first support block is plugged into the first guide rod, the porous plate is plugged into the first guide rod, and the first spring pin is inserted into the first positioning hole to limit the porous plate on the connecting block. The length of the first positioning hole along the axial direction of the connecting block is greater than the pin head diameter of the first spring pin.

[0011] Preferably, the porous plate includes a porous plate body, a top ring is fixedly provided on the porous plate body, a filter screen is fixedly installed on the feed side of the porous plate body for filtering, the outer diameter of the filter screen is smaller than the inner diameter of the top ring, the first guide rod is plug-fitted with the porous plate body, a plurality of grooves are provided on the porous plate body, the first spring pin is installed in the corresponding groove, a guide hole is connected to the groove, and the guide frame is plug-fitted with the corresponding guide hole.

[0012] Preferably, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the extruder body, an output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to a support frame, the support frame is slidably connected to the extruder body through a guide rail, and a plurality of positioning sleeves are fixedly mounted on the support frame;

[0013] The support tube is slidably mounted on the support frame.

[0014] Preferably, a slide groove is provided on the first tilting block, the second tilting block slidably cooperates with the slide groove, the first elastic member is installed in the slide groove, one end of the first elastic member is fixedly connected to the second tilting block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the first tilting block.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a die assembly, the die assembly includes a die head, a plurality of extrusion holes are opened on the die head, the extrusion holes are connected to the inside of the support tube, and a plurality of guide columns are fixedly installed on the die head;

[0016] The second support block is fixedly installed at one end of the support tube away from the first support block, the guide column is plugged into the second support block, the guide column passes through the second support block and is inserted into the corresponding positioning sleeve, and the guide column and the positioning sleeve are fixed by a limit pin.

[0017] Preferably, a second spring pin is installed on the die head, and a second positioning hole is opened on the second support block. The second spring pin is inserted into the second positioning hole to limit the die head. The length of the second positioning hole along the axial direction of the support tube is greater than the pin head diameter of the second spring pin, and a cone head is fixedly installed on the inner side of the die head.

[0018] Preferably, two cooling systems are further included, wherein the cooling systems include a first water hole and a second water hole which are opened on the second support block and are interconnected, and the first water holes of the two cooling systems are respectively connected to the water outlet and the water return end of the water supply device through water nozzles;

[0019] A circulating water circuit is arranged in the die head, and the circulating water circuit is located outside the plurality of extrusion holes. Connecting pipes are fixedly installed at the inlet and outlet ends of the circulating water circuit, and two sets of connecting pipes are respectively connected and inserted into the second water hole outlets of the corresponding cooling system.

[0020] Preferably, an adjusting groove is provided on the second water hole, the diameter of the adjusting groove is larger than the diameter of the second water hole, a ring plate is fixedly installed in the adjusting groove, and a water outlet hole is provided in the middle of the ring plate.

[0021] The cooling system also includes a sealing plate and a second elastic member. The outer diameter of the sealing plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the adjusting groove. The sealing plate is slidably connected to the ring plate through a plurality of third guide rods. One end of the second elastic member is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjusting groove, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sealing plate.

[0022] Preferably, pressure sensors are provided on the contact surface between the connecting block and the porous plate and the contact surface between the second supporting block and the die head for detecting the holding pressure.

[0023] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] 1. The porous plate and the die head of the present invention are fixed and pressure-maintained at the discharge end of the extruder body by pushing and ejecting, which effectively improves the fixing efficiency of the porous plate and the die head and gets rid of the problem of difficult disassembly and maintenance of traditional bolt-type fixing.

[0025] 2. The present invention is provided with a first inclined block and an elastically arranged second inclined block. During installation, the second inclined block can slide elastically to avoid interference with the push rod on the first spring pin. During disassembly of the porous plate, the second inclined block produces a certain height difference with the first inclined block under the action of the elastic member. After the push rod passes through the first inclined block, the pin head of the first spring pin is separated from the first positioning hole under the action of the push rod and is blocked by the second inclined block, and thus cannot pass through the second inclined block, so that it is automatically brought out by the second inclined block, thereby realizing automatic disassembly of the porous plate on the connecting block. The disassembly personnel can realize the disassembly of the porous plate extruder by controlling the relative position of the second inclined block and the first inclined block, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of disassembly and subsequent installation.

[0026] 3. The present invention can realize disassembly of one group of the porous plate and the die head by controlling the different moving distances of the support frame, while keeping the other group intact. When only the die head is disassembled, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder extends and drives the adjustment assembly and the die head to move. In this process, the first tilting block does not contact the ejector rod, the porous plate does not separate from the connecting block, and the second spring pin is pushed out of the second support block from the second positioning hole, so that the die head can be disassembled;

[0027] When the filter screen of the porous plate needs to be disassembled, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder extends and drives the support frame, the adjustment assembly and the die head to move, and the porous plate is disassembled from the connecting block through the second tilting block, and then manually disassembled by maintenance personnel. During this process, although the die head moves with the second support block, it does not separate from the second support block, thus getting rid of the traditional problem of having to disassemble the die head first when disassembling the filter screen of the porous plate.

[0028] 4. The present invention can achieve rapid cooling of extruded plastic fibers and improve the molding efficiency of plastic fibers by arranging circulating water in the die head. Moreover, when the die head is installed, the connecting pipe thereon is automatically plugged and connected with the cooling system. Therefore, when the die head is disassembled, there is no need to disassemble the water supply pipeline, thereby further improving the maintenance efficiency.

[0029] 5. When the die head of the present invention is disassembled and separated from the second water hole, the second elastic member pushes the sealing plate to seal the water outlet hole on the ring plate, thereby blocking the connection between the adjustment groove and the second water hole and reducing the risk of water leakage. When the die head is installed, the connecting pipe is inserted into the second water hole and pushes the third guide rod to drive the sealing plate to separate from the ring plate, and the water outlet hole on the ring plate is opened, thereby realizing automatic connection between the connecting pipe and the corresponding second water hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fiber screw extruder disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a fiber screw extruder disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 A fiber screw extruder disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a connecting block structure of a fiber screw extruder disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a connection structure of an adjustment component of a fiber screw extruder disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the installation of a die assembly of a fiber screw extruder disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the installation position of a first guide sleeve of a fiber screw extruder disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8A schematic diagram of the installation position of a second tilting block of a fiber screw extruder disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of a first tilting block and a second tilting block of a fiber screw extruder disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a porous plate structure of a fiber screw extruder disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.11 A fiber screw extruder disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention Figure 5 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle;

[0041] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the installation position structure of a water nozzle of a fiber screw extruder disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.13 A fiber screw extruder disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention Fig.12 Sectional view at TT;

[0043] Fig.14 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a die assembly of a fiber screw extruder disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure: 1. Extruder body; 2. Hydraulic cylinder; 3. Support frame; 4. Adjustment assembly; 5. Perforated plate; 6. Cooling system; 7. Die assembly; 11. Frame; 12. Drive system; 13. Screw conveying system; 14. Connecting block; 15. Heating system; 16. Feeding system; 17. First guide rod; 18. First positioning hole; 19. Through hole; 31. Guide rail; 32. Positioning sleeve; 41. Support tube; 42. First support block; 43. Second support block; 44. Control assembly; 45. First guide sleeve; 46. Second positioning hole; 47. Second guide sleeve; 51. Orifice plate body; 52. Top ring; 5 3. Plug-in hole; 54. Groove; 55. First spring pin; 56. Push rod; 57. Guide hole; 61. First water hole; 62. Second water hole; 63. Adjustment groove; 64. Ring plate; 65. Closing plate; 66. Second elastic member; 67. Third guide rod; 68. Water nozzle; 71. Die head; 72. Extrusion hole; 73. Guide column; 74. Limit hole; 75. Second spring pin; 76. Cone head; 77. Circulating water circuit; 78. Connecting pipe; 110. Discharge port; 441. Support column; 442. Second guide rod; 443. First tilting block; 444. Second tilting block; 445. Slide groove; 446. First elastic member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Reference Figures 1 to 5 The present embodiment discloses a fiber screw extruder, including an extruder body 1, the extruder body 1 includes a frame 11, a driving system 12, a screw conveying system 13, a plurality of heating systems 15 and a feeding system 16 are installed on the frame 11, the feeding system 16 is connected and installed at the entrance of the screw conveying system 13, and plastic particles are fed into the screw barrel of the screw conveying system 13, the output end of the driving system 12 drives the screw rod of the screw conveying system 13 to rotate to spirally convey the raw materials, and the plastic raw materials are heated and melted by the heating system 15 and then conveyed from the outlet of the screw barrel, a connecting block 14 is fixedly installed at the outlet of the screw barrel of the screw conveying system 13, a plurality of first guide rods 17 are fixedly installed on the connecting block 14, a plurality of first positioning holes 18 and a plurality of through holes 19 are opened on the connecting block 14, and a discharge port 110 connected with the screw barrel is opened on the connecting block 14.

[0047] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 6 A hydraulic cylinder 2 is fixedly mounted on the extruder body 1, and an output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to a support frame 3, the support frame 3 is slidably connected to the extruder body 1 through a guide rail 31, and a plurality of positioning sleeves 32 are fixedly mounted on the support frame 3.

[0048] Reference Figures 3 to 9 and Fig.13 An adjusting component 4 is installed on the support frame 3, and the adjusting component 4 includes a supporting tube 41, which is slidably installed on the supporting frame 3, and a first supporting block 42 is fixedly installed on one end of the supporting tube 41 close to the spiral rod, and a second supporting block 43 is fixedly installed on the other end, and a plurality of control components 44 are installed on the first supporting block 42, and a plurality of first guide sleeves 45 are installed on the first supporting block 42, and the first guide rod 17 is plugged into and matched with the corresponding first guide sleeve 45, and a second positioning hole 46 is opened on the second supporting block 43, and a plurality of second guide sleeves 47 are fixedly installed on the second supporting block 43.

[0049] The control assembly 44 includes a support column 441, which is fixedly mounted on the first support block 42. A plurality of support columns 441 are distributed in a circular array around the axis of the support tube 41 on the first support block 42. A second guide rod 442 is fixedly mounted on one side of the support column 441, and a first tilting block 443 is fixedly mounted on the other side of the support column 441. A second tilting block 444 is slidably connected to the support column 441, and the tilting direction of the second tilting block 444 is opposite to the tilting direction of the first tilting block 443. A slide groove 445 is provided on the first tilting block 443, and the second tilting block 444 slidably cooperates with the slide groove 445. A first elastic member 446 is installed in the slide groove 445, and one end of the first elastic member 446 is fixedly connected to the second tilting block 444, and the other end is fixedly connected to the first tilting block 443, such as Fig. 9 The first elastic member 446 is used to push the second inclined block 444 to slide to the bottom of the slide groove 445, so that a certain height difference is formed between the bottom of the second inclined block 444 and the first inclined block 443. It should be noted that the second inclined block 444 moves upward to compress the first elastic member 446, and is limited by the sliding range. When the second inclined block 444 moves upward to the maximum, the bottom of the second inclined block 444 is flush with the bottom of the first inclined block 443.

[0050] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Fig.10The extruder also includes a porous plate 5, which includes a porous plate body 51. The discharge port 110 is connected to the support tube 41 through the porous plate body 51. A top ring 52 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the hole of the orifice plate body 51. A filter screen is fixedly installed on the feed side of the orifice plate body 51 for filtering impurities in the molten material flowing through the orifice plate body 51. The outer diameter of the filter screen is smaller than the inner diameter of the top ring 52. A plurality of plug holes 53 are provided on the orifice plate body 51. The first guide rod 17 is plugged with the plug holes 53. A plurality of grooves 54 are provided on the orifice plate body 51. A first spring pin 55 is installed in the groove 54. The first spring pin 55 is inserted into the first positioning hole 18 for preliminary limiting of the porous plate 5. The number and position of the control assembly 44 correspond to the number and position of the first spring pin 55. A top rod 56 is fixedly installed on the pin head of the first spring pin 55. A guide hole 57 is connected in the groove 54. The second guide rod 442 is plugged with the corresponding guide hole 57. The first guide rod 17 passes through the plug hole 53 and is inserted into the first guide sleeve 45, and the second guide rod 442 is inserted into the guide hole 57 and passes through the through hole 19, thereby completing the sequential installation of the porous plate 5 and the adjustment assembly 4. It should be noted that the length of the first positioning hole 18 along the axial direction of the connecting block 14 is greater than the pin head diameter of the first spring pin 55, ensuring that the first spring pin 55 does not bend under stress when the porous plate 5 is subsequently pressurized. The top ring 52 of the porous plate 5 after the pressurized installation abuts against the connecting block 14 to prevent the molten material from flowing out from the gap between the top ring 52 and the connecting block 14.

[0051] Reference Figure 5 and Fig.11 Two sets of cooling systems 6 are arranged on the second support block 43. The cooling system 6 includes a first water hole 61 and a second water hole 62 which are opened on the second support block 43 and are connected to each other. An adjusting groove 63 is opened on the second water hole 62. The diameter of the adjusting groove 63 is larger than the diameter of the second water hole 62. A ring plate 64 is fixedly installed in the adjusting groove 63. A water outlet is arranged in the middle of the ring plate 64, which does not affect the connection between the adjusting groove 63 and the second water hole 62. The cooling system 6 also includes a sealing plate 65 and a second elastic member 66 The outer diameter of the sealing plate 65 is smaller than the inner diameter of the adjusting groove 63. The sealing plate 65 is slidably connected to the ring plate 64 through a plurality of third guide rods 67. One end of the second elastic member 66 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjusting groove 63, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sealing plate 65. The second elastic member 66 pushes the sealing plate 65 to block the water outlet hole on the ring plate 64 in a natural state, thereby blocking the communication between the adjusting groove 63 and the second water hole 62. The two first water holes 61 are respectively connected to the water outlet end and the water return end of the water supply equipment through the water nozzle 68.

[0052] Reference Figure 3 , Figures 11 to 14The extruder also includes a die assembly 7, which includes a die head 71. The die head 71, the support tube 41, the porous plate 5, the discharge port 110 and the axis of the screw rod are in a colinear line. The die head 71 is provided with a plurality of extrusion holes 72, which are communicated with the interior of the support tube 41. The die head 71 is fixedly provided with a plurality of guide posts 73, which are plug-fitted with the second guide sleeve 47. The guide post 73 passes through the second guide sleeve 47 and is inserted into the corresponding positioning sleeve 32. A limiting hole 74 is provided on the guide post 73, and a limiting pin passes through the positioning sleeve 32 and is inserted into the limiting hole 74. 4, the positioning sleeve 32 and the guide column 73 are fixed, the die head 71 is installed with a second spring pin 75, the second spring pin 75 is inserted into the second positioning hole 46 to limit the die head 71, the length of the second positioning hole 46 along the axial direction of the support tube 41 is greater than the pin head diameter of the second spring pin 75, so as to reduce the deformation risk of the second spring pin 75 when the die head 71 is pressurized, and a cone head 76 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the die head 71, the cone tip of the cone head 76 is on the axis of the support tube 41, and the cone head 76 can effectively guide the molten material extruded into the support tube 41 into the extrusion hole 72 quickly.

[0053] A circulating water circuit 77 is provided in the die head 71, and the circulating water circuit 77 is located outside the plurality of extrusion holes 72. The inlet and outlet ends of the circulating water circuit 77 are fixedly installed with connecting pipes 78. Two groups of connecting pipes 78 are respectively inserted into the outlets of the corresponding second water holes 62 and push the third guide rod 67 to drive the sealing plate 65 to separate from the ring plate 64, and the water outlet hole on the ring plate 64 is opened, so that the connecting pipe 78 is connected with the corresponding second water hole 62. After the die head 71 is pressurized, the connecting pipe 78 abuts against one side of the ring plate 64, so that the connecting pipe 78 is sealed and connected with the second water hole 62, reducing the risk of water leakage. Through the automatic docking connection between the connecting pipe 78 and the cooling system 6, the water supply pipeline does not need to be disassembled when the die head 71 is disassembled, thereby improving the disassembly and assembly efficiency. In addition, the circulating water is arranged in the die head 71, which can realize the rapid cooling of the extruded plastic fiber and improve the molding efficiency.

[0054] Working principle: During installation, the porous plate 5 is plugged into the first guide rod 17 through the plug hole 53, and the first spring pin 55 is inserted into the first positioning hole 18 to achieve the preliminary connection between the porous plate 5 and the connecting block 14. The guide column 73 of the die head 71 passes through the second guide sleeve 47 and is inserted into the corresponding positioning sleeve 32. The second spring pin 75 is inserted into the second positioning hole 46 to achieve the preliminary connection between the die head 71 and the second support block 43. The limit pin passes through the positioning sleeve 32 and is inserted into the limit hole 74 to fix the positioning sleeve 32 and the guide column 73. The connecting pipe 78 is inserted into the corresponding outlet of the second water hole 62 and pushes the third guide rod 67 to drive the sealing plate 65 to separate from the ring plate 64.

[0055] The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 2 drives the support frame 3 to move to one side of the screw barrel, and the adjusting component 4 and the die head 71 follow the movement, so that the second guide rod 442 is inserted into the guide hole 57, and the second inclined block 444 contacts the push rod 56 and pushes the push rod 56 to move downward. At the same time, the second inclined block 444 moves up relative to the first inclined block 443 and compresses the first elastic member 446 until the push rod 56 passes over the second inclined block 444, and the first spring pin 55 is reset and inserted into the first positioning hole 18 again. The second inclined block 444 moves down again under the action of the first elastic member 446 to form a height difference with the first inclined block 443.

[0056] As the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 2 drives the support frame 3 and the adjustment assembly 4 to continue to move, until the connecting block 14, the adjustment assembly 4 and the die head 71 are closely fitted in sequence, the end of the connecting pipe 78 abuts against the ring plate 64, thereby realizing the installation and pressure holding process. It should be noted that pressure sensors can be provided on the contact surfaces of the connecting block 14 and the porous plate 5 and the second supporting block 43 and the die head 71, so as to realize the monitoring of the pressure holding pressure.

[0057] When only the die head 71 is to be disassembled, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is extended and drives the adjustment assembly 4 and the die head 71 to move. During this process, the first tilting block 443 does not contact the push rod 56, and the second spring pin 75 is pushed out of the second supporting block 43 from the second positioning hole 46, so that the die head 71 can be disassembled.

[0058] When the porous plate 5 needs to be disassembled, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 2 extends and drives the support frame 3, the adjustment component 4 and the die head 71 to move, the first tilting block 443 contacts the push rod 56, and the pin head of the first spring pin 55 is disengaged from the first positioning hole 18 under the action of the push rod 56. As the adjustment component 4 continues to move backward, the push rod 56 contacts the second tilting block 444 and moves with the push of the second tilting block 444, so that the porous plate 5 is automatically disengaged from the connecting block 14, and the porous plate 5 is automatically pulled out. By pressing the second tilting block 444, the second tilting block 444 is kept at the same height as the first tilting block 443, and the porous plate 5 can be pulled out. Therefore, the present invention can realize the disassembly of the die head 71 without disassembling the die head 71, effectively reducing the maintenance difficulty of the die head 71.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fiber screw extruder, characterized in that: It comprises an extruder body (1), an adjustment component (4) and a porous plate (5); The adjustment component (4) comprises a support tube (41), a first support block (42) being fixedly mounted on one end of the support tube (41), and a plurality of control components (44) being mounted on the first support block (42); The control assembly (44) comprises a guide frame, the guide frame is plugged into the perforated plate (5), a first tilting block (443) is fixedly mounted on the guide frame, a second tilting block (444) is slidably connected to the guide frame, the tilting direction of the second tilting block (444) is opposite to the tilting direction of the first tilting block (443), and the second tilting block (444) and the first tilting block (443) are elastically connected via a first elastic member (446); The guide frame is plugged into and matched with the porous plate (5), and the support tube (41) is connected to the screw barrel of the extruder body (1) through the porous plate (5); the porous plate (5) is plugged into and matched with the discharge end of the extruder body (1) and is limited by a plurality of first spring pins (55), and a push rod (56) is fixedly mounted on the pin head of the first spring pin (55); The first support block (42) pushes up the porous plate (5) which is limited at the discharge end of the extruder body (1), so that the porous plate (5) abuts against the discharge end of the extruder body (1) and maintains pressure; A connecting block (14) is fixedly mounted on the outlet end of the screw barrel of the extruder body (1), a plurality of first guide rods (17) are fixedly mounted on the connecting block (14), and a plurality of first positioning holes (18) are formed on the connecting block (14); The first support block (42) is plugged into and matched with the first guide rod (17), the porous plate (5) is plugged into and matched with the first guide rod (17), and the first spring pin (55) is inserted into the first positioning hole (18) to limit the porous plate (5) on the connecting block (14). The porous plate (5) comprises a porous plate body (51), a top ring (52) is fixedly arranged on the porous plate body (51), a filter screen is fixedly installed on the feed side of the porous plate body (51) for filtering, and a first guide rod (17) is plugged into and matched with the porous plate body (51). A hydraulic cylinder (2) is fixedly mounted on the extruder body (1); an output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder (2) is fixedly connected to a support frame (3); the support frame (3) is slidably connected to the extruder body (1) via a guide rail (31); and a plurality of positioning sleeves (32) are fixedly mounted on the support frame (3); The support tube (41) is slidably mounted on the support frame (3); The die assembly (7) further comprises a die head (71), wherein the die head (71) is provided with a plurality of extrusion holes (72), the extrusion holes (72) are communicated with the interior of the support tube (41), and a plurality of guide posts (73) are fixedly mounted on the die head (71); A second support block (43) is fixedly mounted on one end of the support tube (41) away from the first support block (42); the guide column (73) is plugged into and matched with the second support block (43); the guide column (73) passes through the second support block (43) and is inserted into a corresponding positioning sleeve (32); the guide column (73) and the positioning sleeve (32) are fixed by a limit pin; The die head (71) is provided with a second spring pin (75), the second support block (43) is provided with a second positioning hole (46), and the second spring pin (75) is inserted into the second positioning hole (46) to limit the die head (71). When only the die head (71) is to be disassembled, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder (2) is extended and drives the adjustment assembly (4) and the die head (71) to move. During this process, the first tilting block (443) is not in contact with the push rod (56), and the second spring pin (75) is pushed out of the second support block (43) from the second positioning hole (46), thereby realizing the disassembly of the die head (71); When the porous plate (5) needs to be disassembled, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder (2) extends and drives the support frame (3), the adjustment assembly (4) and the die head (71) to move, the first tilting block (443) contacts the push rod (56), and the pin head of the first spring pin (55) is disengaged from the first positioning hole (18) under the action of the push rod (56). As the adjustment assembly (4) continues to move backward, the push rod (56) contacts the second tilting block (444) and moves with it under the push of the second tilting block (444), so that the porous plate (5) is automatically disengaged from the connecting block (14) and the porous plate (5) is automatically pulled out. By pressing the second tilting block (444) to keep the second tilting block (444) at the same height as the first tilting block (443), the porous plate (5) can be pulled out.

2. A fiber screw extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the first positioning hole (18) along the axial direction of the connecting block (14) is greater than the pin head diameter of the first spring pin (55).

3. A fiber screw extruder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the filter screen is smaller than the inner diameter of the top ring (52); a plurality of grooves (54) are provided on the orifice plate body (51); first spring pins (55) are installed in corresponding grooves (54); guide holes (57) are provided in the grooves (54); and the guide frames are plugged into and matched with the corresponding guide holes (57).

4. A fiber screw extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first tilting block (443) is provided with a slide groove (445), the second tilting block (444) is slidably matched with the slide groove (445), the first elastic member (446) is installed in the slide groove (445), one end of the first elastic member (446) is fixedly connected to the second tilting block (444), and the other end is fixedly connected to the first tilting block (443).

5. A fiber screw extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the second positioning hole (46) along the axial direction of the support tube (41) is greater than the pin head diameter of the second spring pin (75), and a cone head (76) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the die head (71).

6. A fiber screw extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes two cooling systems (6), the cooling systems (6) including a first water hole (61) and a second water hole (62) which are opened on the second support block (43) and are interconnected, the first water holes (61) of the two cooling systems (6) being connected to the water outlet and the water return end of the water supply equipment through water nozzles (68) respectively; A circulating water circuit (77) is provided in the die head (71), and the circulating water circuit (77) is located outside the plurality of extrusion holes (72). Connecting pipes (78) are fixedly installed at the inlet and outlet ends of the circulating water circuit (77), and the two sets of connecting pipes (78) are respectively connected and inserted into the outlets of the second water holes (62) of the corresponding cooling systems (6).

7. A fiber screw extruder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second water hole (62) is provided with an adjustment groove (63), the diameter of the adjustment groove (63) is larger than the diameter of the second water hole (62), a ring plate (64) is fixedly installed in the adjustment groove (63), and a water outlet hole is provided in the middle of the ring plate (64). The cooling system (6) further comprises a sealing plate (65) and a second elastic member (66); the outer diameter of the sealing plate (65) is smaller than the inner diameter of the adjusting groove (63); the sealing plate (65) is slidably connected to the ring plate (64) via a plurality of third guide rods (67); one end of the second elastic member (66) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjusting groove (63), and the other end is fixedly connected to the sealing plate (65).

8. A fiber screw extruder according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: Pressure sensors are provided on the contact surface between the connecting block (14) and the porous plate (5) and on the contact surface between the second supporting block (43) and the die head (71) for detecting the holding pressure.

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