Fiber composite material 3D printing head mechanism of double-channel single-nozzle structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a fiber composite 3D printing head mechanism of a double-channel single-nozzle structure, and aims to solve the problems that an existing device is low in efficiency and inconvenient to maintain. Comprising a printing shell, two mounting holes are formed in the upper end of the printing shell, and an air inlet charging barrel is arranged in each mounting hole in a matched mode; the two air inlet charging barrels are respectively used as two independent channels; under the driving of independent air pressure, the base material and the continuous fibers are extruded through a nozzle below the public cavity after being melted and impregnated through the public cavity; according to the design of the double-channel / single-nozzle structure, in-situ impregnation of a base material and fibers can be met, meanwhile, the charging barrel is allowed to be flexibly replaced in the non-interruption printing process, the downtime is shortened, the printing efficiency is improved, and the printing requirements of different materials are met; quick-change screws are arranged on the two sides of the public cavity, so that the public cavity can be quickly disassembled to clean residual materials during printing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a continuous fiber composite material print head. Background Art

[0002] At present, FDM technology has become the most commonly used printing process in additive manufacturing due to its advantages such as low cost, simple and convenient operation and maintenance, wide range of raw materials, and suitability for small-scale printing. Among them, continuous fibers have obvious advantages in the mechanical properties of printed products due to their fiber orientation. However, common printing devices have complex structures, inconvenient maintenance, and low work efficiency. In the actual printing process, due to the short impregnation time, the fibers and the matrix are not fully impregnated, resulting in limited improvement in the mechanical properties of the printed products.

[0003] Therefore, this patent proposes a fiber composite material 3D printing head mechanism with a dual-channel single nozzle structure to achieve stable and efficient 3D printing requirements for continuous fiber composite materials. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fiber composite material 3D printing head mechanism with a dual-channel single nozzle structure, which solves the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A fiber composite material 3D printing head mechanism with a dual-channel single nozzle structure, comprising a printing shell, wherein the upper end of the printing shell is provided with two mounting holes, and each mounting hole is provided with an air inlet barrel;

[0007] A wire feeding bracket for storing continuous fibers is provided inside the air inlet barrel, and the wire material is stored through the wire feeding bracket;

[0008] The printing shell is provided with a heating cylinder on the outer side of the lower end of the air inlet cylinder for heating the base material;

[0009] A discharge box is detachably provided at the bottom of the printing shell, the interior of the discharge box is a common chamber, the upper end of the discharge box is provided with a docking material pipe, the lower end of the printing shell is provided with a docking hole matching the docking material pipe, and the discharge position at the bottom of the air inlet barrel is provided with a discharge bottom pipe extending to match the docking material pipe;

[0010] The bottom of the discharge box is provided with two discharge nozzles corresponding to the positions of the docking material pipes, and the discharge nozzles are connected to the printing shell through a detachable mechanism.

[0011] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention also provides the following optional technical solution:

[0012] In an optional solution: the upper end of the air intake barrel is connected to a cover via a thread, and an air intake port for connecting to an independent pneumatic drive component is provided in the middle of each cover to transport gas into the air intake barrel, and the upper end of each cover is connected to an independent pneumatic drive component.

[0013] In an optional solution, the wire feeding support includes a roller for winding the wire material. Both ends of the central axis of the roller are connected to the upper end of the support member; the support member includes two support rings, which are connected by a plurality of support rods, and the support rings match the inner diameter of the air inlet barrel so that the wire material and the air inlet barrel are coaxially arranged.

[0014] In an optional solution: the detachable mechanism connection includes connecting screw holes arranged on both sides of the discharge box, the connecting screw holes correspond to the common chamber, and each connecting screw hole is equipped with a quick-change screw.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The present invention adopts dual-channel independent air pressure drive: each channel is equipped with an independent air pressure control system, which can adjust the air pressure of different air inlet barrels separately. The structure is simple and compact, and is suitable for the use of small printers. The process principle of bypass feeding in-situ impregnation is adopted under adaptive air pressure drive (two air inlet barrels respectively hold the matrix material and the wire feeding bracket with wire material, the heating barrel heats the matrix material to a molten state, and in-situ impregnation is carried out in a common chamber), which effectively promotes the full impregnation of the fiber and the matrix material, improves the interface bonding strength, and improves the mechanical properties of the printed product.

[0017] 2. The present invention adopts a quick-change design: the lower end of the air inlet barrel is connected to the common chamber by a threaded connection, with a simple structure, allowing the barrel to be flexibly replaced without interrupting the printing process, reducing downtime and improving printing efficiency; quick-change screws are installed on both sides of the common chamber, which is convenient for quick disassembly to clean up residual materials during printing and easy maintenance; at the same time, the dual channels can ensure that the matrix material and the fiber filament do not interfere with each other during printing, making material replacement convenient and easy to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the print head of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wire feeding support of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5Schematic diagram of the structure of the discharging box of the present invention

[0023] Notes on figure numbers: 1. Air inlet barrel; 2. Wire feeding bracket; 2.1. Wire feeding roller; 2.2. Bracket; 3. Heating barrel; 4. Printing shell; 5. Discharge box; 5.1. Common chamber; 5.2. Quick-change screw; 5.3. Aluminum insulation head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] like Figure 1-5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fiber composite material 3D printing head mechanism with a dual-channel single nozzle structure, including a printing shell 4;

[0027] The upper end of the printing housing 4 is provided with two mounting holes, each of which is matched with an air inlet barrel 1, the upper end of the air inlet barrel 1 is connected to a cover by a thread, and the middle position of each cover is provided with an air inlet port for connecting an independent air pressure drive component, so as to transport gas into the air inlet barrel 1, and the upper end of each cover is connected to the independent air pressure drive component;

[0028] The problem of insufficient impregnation can be solved by increasing the molding pressure by increasing the air pressure. The independent dual-channel air pressure control not only effectively balances the flow of the molten matrix material in the common chamber and prevents the matrix material from flowing back into the barrel; but also the melt viscosity of the matrix material will change accordingly at different heating temperatures. By adjusting the independent air pressure of the two barrels, the corresponding melt viscosity adapts to the corresponding air pressure, which can ensure that the extruded material is uniform during printing, improve the printing accuracy and consistency, and can also adapt to the changes of different materials and process parameters to meet complex printing needs;

[0029] The independence here refers to independent air pressure control, not the air channel. Even if the two air channels are eventually connected in a common chamber, they are still independent before reaching that chamber. Due to the independently controlled air pressure, the air channel with higher pressure dominates the material flow and meets the flow conditions of the molten matrix material.

[0030] The air inlet barrel 1 is provided with a wire feeding bracket 2 for storing printing wire, and the wire material is stored through the wire feeding bracket 2;

[0031] The wire feeding support 2 includes a roller 2.1 for winding continuous fibers, and both ends of the central axis of the roller 2.1 are connected to the upper end of the support member 2.2. The support member 2.2 includes two support rings, and the two support rings are connected by a plurality of support rods. The support rings match the inner diameter of the air inlet barrel 1 so that the support member 2.2 is stuck inside the air inlet barrel, which is convenient for later disassembly and assembly;

[0032] The roller wire feeding mechanism uses a molten flow matrix to cover the fiber for wire feeding, effectively avoiding the breakage of the reinforcing fiber due to excessive mechanical stress. The bracket ensures that the continuous fiber passes stably along the axis of the barrel and smoothly passes through the outlet of the air inlet barrel, achieving coaxial and stable wire feeding and preventing the fiber from deviating from the center when laid in the matrix. Continuous fibers that deviate from the center will not be able to effectively bear and transmit loads, and will not be able to fully utilize the fiber's carrying capacity. At the same time, the uneven distribution of fibers in the matrix will also lead to stress concentration, resulting in defect generation;

[0033] Enhanced wire feeding is due to the continuous fiber being coated with the molten matrix. The matrix material impregnates the fiber to produce an interfacial bonding effect, and the fiber transfers the load, effectively improving the mechanical properties. The wrapping structure here has been realized. Due to the existence of the air pressure difference, the matrix material of the left barrel has melted and flowed to fill the common chamber. At this time, the continuous fiber output from the right barrel has been wrapped in the common chamber. Driven by the intake pressure, the molten matrix material wraps the fiber and extrude the print head. Since the delivered fiber is along the axis of the barrel, coaxial and stable wire feeding can be guaranteed;

[0034] The printing housing 4 is provided with a heating cylinder 3 for heating the base material on the outer side of the lower end of the air inlet cylinder 1;

[0035] A discharging box 5 is detachably provided at the bottom of the printing housing 4, and the interior of the discharging box 5 is a common chamber. The upper end of the discharging box 5 is provided with a docking material pipe, and the lower end of the printing housing 4 is provided with a docking hole matching the docking material pipe. The discharging position at the bottom of the air inlet barrel 1 is provided with a discharging bottom pipe extending to match the docking material pipe.

[0036] The bottom of the discharge box 5 is provided with an aluminum insulation head 5.3 corresponding to the position of the discharge pipe, and the discharge nozzle is a conical structure. The two sides of the discharge box 5 are provided with connecting screw holes corresponding to the common chamber, and each connecting screw hole is matched with a quick-change screw 5.2. When the inside of the discharge box 5 is blocked, the quick-change screw 5.2 can be removed, and then a cleaning rod is inserted along the connecting screw hole to push out the deposits inside the common chamber, which is convenient for later maintenance;

[0037] Quick-change barrel design: The lower end of the air inlet barrel 1 is connected to the common chamber through a threaded connection, allowing the barrel to be flexibly replaced without interrupting the printing process, reducing downtime, improving printing efficiency, and meeting the printing needs of different materials; quick-change screws are installed on both sides of the common chamber for quick disassembly to clean up residual materials during printing:

[0038] Working principle / working process, in actual use, the wire feeding bracket 2 is installed in the right air inlet barrel 1, and the wire feeding bracket is wrapped with pre-installed wire. By heating the base material in the left air inlet barrel, the heated and melted base material flows into the common chamber driven by air pressure, and the continuous fiber sent out by the wire feeding bracket enters the discharge box 5 and is impregnated with the molten base material; the problem of insufficient impregnation can be solved by increasing the molding pressure by increasing the air pressure. The independent dual air pressure control not only effectively balances the flow of the molten base material in the common chamber and prevents the base material from flowing back into the barrel; and at different heating temperatures, the melt viscosity of the base material will also change accordingly. By adjusting the independent air pressure of the two barrels, the corresponding melt viscosity adapts to the corresponding air pressure, which can ensure that the extruded material is uniform during printing, improve the printing accuracy and consistency, and can also adapt to the changes of different materials and process parameters to meet complex printing needs.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fiber composite material 3D printing head mechanism with a dual-channel single nozzle structure, comprising a printing housing (4), characterized in that: The upper end of the printing housing (4) is provided with two mounting holes, and each mounting hole is provided with an air inlet barrel (1); The air inlet barrel (1) is provided with a wire feeding support (2) for storing continuous fibers, and the wire material is stored through the wire feeding support (2); The printing housing (4) is provided with a heating cylinder (3) on the outer side of the lower end of the air inlet cylinder (1) for heating the filament; A discharge box (5) is detachably provided at the bottom of the printing housing (4), the interior of the discharge box (5) is a common chamber, the upper end of the discharge box (5) is provided with a docking material pipe, the lower end of the printing housing (4) is provided with a docking hole matching the docking material pipe, and the discharge position at the bottom of the air inlet barrel (1) is provided with a discharge bottom pipe extending to match the docking material pipe; A discharge nozzle corresponding to the position of the docking material pipe is provided at the bottom of the discharge box (5), and the discharge nozzle is connected to the printing shell (4) via a detachable mechanism.

2. The fiber composite material 3D printing head mechanism with a dual-channel single nozzle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the air intake barrel (1) is connected to a sealing cover via a thread, and an air intake port for connecting to an independent air pressure drive component is provided in the middle of each sealing cover so as to transport gas into the air intake barrel (1), and the upper end of each sealing cover is connected to the independent air pressure drive component.

3. The fiber composite material 3D printing head mechanism with a dual-channel single nozzle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire feeding support (2) comprises a roller (2.1) for winding a wire material, the two ends of the central axis of the roller (2.1) are connected to the upper end of a support member (2.2), the support member (2.2) comprises two support rings, the two support rings are connected by a plurality of support rods, and the support rings match the inner diameter of the air inlet barrel (1) so that the wire material and the air inlet barrel (1) are coaxially arranged.

4. The fiber composite material 3D printing head mechanism with a dual-channel single nozzle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detachable mechanism connection comprises connecting screw holes arranged on two sides of the discharge box (5), the connecting screw holes corresponding to the common chamber, and a quick-change screw (5.2) is matched in each connecting screw hole.

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