A three-dimensional geological survey method, device, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The application provides a three-dimensional geological survey method, device, equipment and storage medium. The three-dimensional geological survey method collects geological data (such as remote sensing image data, unmanned aerial vehicle survey data, and field observation data obtained through field investigation) of different scales in multiple layers of view, so that the geological data of different scales in multiple layers of view can cooperate with each other to complete the geological survey task of the survey area. In this way, compared with the traditional geological survey method which relies on manual survey work, the three-dimensional geological survey method provided by the application can reduce the cost of manpower and material resources invested in geological survey work, improve the geological survey efficiency of the survey area and the accuracy of the geological survey result, and obtain a target three-dimensional geological model which can intuitively and accurately represent the distribution of various geological features in the survey area.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of geological survey, in particular to a three-dimensional geological survey method, device, equipment and storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] The traditional geological survey method mainly adopts manual methods to carry out field observation, record recording, rope and compass measurement, camera shooting and the like. The traditional geological survey method which depends on the on-site observation of the survey personnel at least has the following defects:

[0003] Defect 1: For the survey area located in the alpine region or the complex terrain condition (such as muddy land, steep rock outcrop distribution, etc.), due to the high difficulty of field reconnaissance, few survey personnel can reach the above-mentioned survey area to carry out geological survey work. Even if the survey personnel can reach the above-mentioned survey area, the survey personnel are difficult to efficiently carry out geological survey work due to the objective natural conditions and the traditional survey method, resulting in generally low efficiency of geological survey.

[0004] Defect 2: For some survey area with wide range and complex terrain, a large number of survey personnel need to be invested due to the need of collecting a large amount of geological survey data, and the difficulty of manual data collection is also high. At the high position of the outcrop, the survey personnel are difficult to observe in detail, and the survey personnel cannot investigate the dangerous terrain, which inevitably lacks the observation and recording of some outcrops, so that the geological survey cannot guarantee the accuracy of the geological survey results under the condition of high cost of manpower and material resources.

[0005] Defect 3: The manual on-site observation method is limited by the observation range of the human eye, and the observation range of the human eye is only hundreds of meters, which can only observe the geological phenomena such as fracture, crack and fold of tens of meters outcrop scale. The fold of several kilometers scale can only be speculated by the compass test occurrence data. In the process of stratigraphic lateral correlation, only the stratum of tens of meters to hundreds of meters can be accurately correlated, and the accurate correlation of the stratum of wider range cannot be completed. The staff lacks the overall intuitive feeling of the geological phenomenon, and it is difficult to realize the observation and correlation of the large range stratum and lithology. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of this, the present application aims to provide a three-dimensional geological survey method, device, equipment and storage medium, by collecting geological data of different scales in multiple layers of view (such as remote sensing image data, unmanned aerial vehicle survey data, and field observation data obtained through field reconnaissance), so that the geological data of different scales in multiple layers of view can cooperate with each other to complete the geological survey task of the survey area, which not only reduces the cost of manpower and material resources invested in geological survey, but also improves the geological survey efficiency and the accuracy of the geological survey results of the survey area, and obtains a target three-dimensional geological model that can intuitively and accurately represent the distribution of various geological features in the survey area.

[0007] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the following preferred embodiments are described in detail below, and the accompanying drawings are described as follows.

[0008] In the first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a three-dimensional geological survey method, which comprises:

[0009] creating an initial three-dimensional geological model of the survey target according to a geological map at the survey target;

[0010] collecting remote sensing image data in a survey area where the survey target is located, and widening the geographical area range represented by the initial three-dimensional geological model according to the remote sensing image data to obtain a basic three-dimensional geological model of the survey area;

[0011] obtaining unmanned aerial vehicle survey data of the survey area and field observation data of the survey target, and supplementing and correcting the geological model features of a plurality of local model regions in the basic three-dimensional geological model according to the unmanned aerial vehicle survey data and the field observation data to obtain a target three-dimensional geological model of the survey area; wherein the local model region represents a model region in the basic three-dimensional geological model that maps a local region in the survey area where a significant geological feature exists.

[0012] In the second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a three-dimensional geological survey device, which comprises:

[0013] a creating module configured to create an initial three-dimensional geological model of the survey target according to a geological map at the survey target;

[0014] an expanding module configured to collect remote sensing image data in a survey area where the survey target is located, and widen the geographical area range represented by the initial three-dimensional geological model according to the remote sensing image data to obtain a basic three-dimensional geological model of the survey area;

[0015] The detail adjustment module is configured to acquire the UAV photogrammetry data of the investigation area and the field observation data of the investigation target, and supplement and correct the geological model features of a plurality of local model areas in the basic three-dimensional geological model according to the UAV photogrammetry data and the field observation data, to obtain the target three-dimensional geological model of the investigation area. The local model area represents a model area of a local area with significant geological features in the investigation area in the basic three-dimensional geological model.

[0016] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the steps of the three-dimensional geological investigation method when executing the computer program.

[0017] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, and the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executable on a processor to execute the steps of the three-dimensional geological investigation method.

[0018] The technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application can include the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The three-dimensional geological investigation method, device, equipment and storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present application can acquire geological data of different scales in multiple visual ranges (such as remote sensing image data, UAV photogrammetry data, field observation data obtained by field reconnaissance, etc.), so that the geological data of different scales in the multiple visual ranges can cooperate with each other to complete the geological investigation task of the investigation area. In this way, compared with the traditional geological investigation method which relies on manual investigation work, the three-dimensional geological investigation method provided by the present application can not only reduce the cost of manpower and material resources invested in geological investigation work, but also improve the geological investigation efficiency and the accuracy of the geological investigation result of the investigation area, and obtain a target three-dimensional geological model which can intuitively and accurately represent the distribution of various geological features in the investigation area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 Fig. 1 shows a flow diagram of a three-dimensional geological investigation method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2A flowchart of a method for processing remote sensing image data is shown.

[0023] Figure 3 A flowchart of a method for obtaining unmanned aerial vehicle survey data is shown.

[0024] Figure 4 A flowchart of a method for supplementing and revising a basic three-dimensional geological model using unmanned aerial vehicle survey data is shown.

[0025] Figure 5a A model structure diagram of a three-dimensional geological model without using geometric data for labeling is shown.

[0026] Figure 5b A model structure diagram of a three-dimensional geological model using geometric data for labeling is shown.

[0027] Figure 6 A structure diagram of a three-dimensional geological survey device is shown.

[0028] Figure 7 A structure diagram of an electronic device 700 is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in connection with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the drawings in the present application only serve the purpose of description and illustration, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportions. The flowchart shows the operations implemented according to some embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the operations of the flowchart can not be implemented in sequence, and the steps without logical context relationship can be reversed in sequence or implemented simultaneously. In addition, one or more other operations can be added to the flowchart or one or more operations can be removed from the flowchart under the guidance of the content of the present application.

[0030] In addition, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] It should be noted that the term "comprising" will be used in the embodiments of this application to indicate the presence of the features declared thereafter, but does not exclude the addition of other features.

[0032] In one embodiment of this application, a three-dimensional geological survey method can be applied to three-dimensional image information processing software, which can run on a terminal device or a server. The terminal device can be a local terminal device. When the three-dimensional image information processing software runs on a server, the three-dimensional geological survey method can be implemented and executed based on a cloud interactive system, which includes a server and a client device (i.e., a terminal device).

[0033] It should be noted that the embodiments of this application do not limit the specific software type of the aforementioned three-dimensional image information processing software; for example, the aforementioned three-dimensional image information processing software may be ArcGIS Pro software, or other software capable of processing and analyzing three-dimensional image information, etc.

[0034] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, a detailed description of a three-dimensional geological survey method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium provided in the embodiments of this application is provided below.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a three-dimensional geological survey method provided in an embodiment of this application, wherein the three-dimensional geological survey method includes steps S101-S103; specifically:

[0036] S101, Based on the geological map of the target location, create an initial three-dimensional geological model of the target location.

[0037] Here, the investigation target can represent the target investigation location of this geological investigation. For example, the location that geological investigators have previously visited and conducted on-site reconnaissance can be used as the investigation target. The specific location represented by the investigation target can be determined according to the actual geological investigation needs. This application embodiment does not impose any limitations.

[0038] Specifically, for the survey target of a specific location, a geological map of the survey target can be obtained from a published existing geological map; wherein the geological map is a projection and symbolic representation of the geological data of the survey target on a two-dimensional plane, and according to different working degrees of different survey areas, the scale of the geological map that can be obtained for the survey target in different survey areas can be different (the higher the working degree of the survey area, the larger the scale of the geological map that can be obtained, and the larger the scale of the geological map, the more conducive to the construction of the initial three-dimensional geological model), and the specific scale of the geological map that can actually be obtained is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Specifically, in the three-dimensional image information processing software (such as Arcgis Pro software), the above-mentioned geological map of the survey target can be loaded into the first specific layer (one or more layers created separately), and the geological data (such as topographic distribution data, topographic height distribution data, geological body distribution data, geological phenomenon distribution data, etc.) of the survey target from the above-mentioned geological map can be managed through the first specific layer, wherein for the real geographic coordinates and geological data of each point of the survey target contained in the above-mentioned geological map, the three-dimensional image information processing software can obtain the model coordinates of each point in the virtual space through coordinate transformation according to the mapping relationship between the real geographic coordinate system and the model coordinate system in the virtual space, so as to create an initial three-dimensional geological model of the survey target based on the model coordinates and geological data of each point of the survey target (i.e. the geological data required for creating the above-mentioned initial three-dimensional geological model is derived from the geological map of the survey target).

[0040] It should be noted that the traditional geological map usually marks geological and geographical information on a plan view, and in the embodiment of the present application, the initial three-dimensional geological model can be created after the geological map of the survey target is loaded into the three-dimensional image information processing software, which realizes the transformation of the traditional geological map from two-dimensional to three-dimensional. Compared with directly viewing the geological map of the survey target, the above-mentioned initial three-dimensional geological model provided by the embodiment of the present application is conducive to the survey personnel to more intuitively and clearly understand the geological information of the survey target reflected by the above-mentioned geological map.

[0041] S102, collecting remote sensing image data in the survey area where the survey target is located, and widening the geographical area range represented by the initial three-dimensional geological model according to the remote sensing image data to obtain a basic three-dimensional geological model of the survey area.

[0042] Here, the investigation area can represent the investigation target and its surrounding area (i.e., the area within a preset investigation distance range from the investigation target), that is, the actual geographical area represented by the investigation area is wider than the actual geographical area represented by the investigation target.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present application, considering that the area range of the investigation target that can be investigated by the geological investigators in the field is limited, especially for the investigation target located in the alpine region, which is restricted by the objective natural conditions, and the activity range that can be investigated by the geological investigators in the field becomes very small. At this time, based on the characteristics of satellite remote sensing image data, such as wide coverage and easy to collect, the investigation area range of the geological investigation can be widened based on the small range area (i.e., the investigation target) that can be investigated by the geological investigators in the field, and the remote sensing image data (i.e., satellite remote sensing image) of the surrounding area (i.e., the investigation area) of the small range area is collected to overcome the defect of small activity range of the investigators in the traditional geological investigation method. The specific collection method of the remote sensing image data is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Specifically, in the three-dimensional image information processing software (such as Arcgis Pro software), the remote sensing image data in the investigation area can be loaded into a second specific layer (i.e., other layer different from the first specific layer for managing the geological map), and the geological data of each point in the investigation area from the remote sensing image data is managed through the second specific layer. The three-dimensional image information processing software can also obtain the model coordinates of each point in the virtual space in the investigation area through coordinate conversion according to the mapping relationship between the real geographical coordinate system and the model coordinate system in the virtual space, so as to superimpose the initial three-dimensional geological model in the first specific layer and the remote sensing image data corresponding to the second specific layer based on the model coordinates of each point in the investigation area and the remote sensing image data, and obtain the basic three-dimensional geological model capable of representing the entire investigation area (equivalent to using the remote sensing image data corresponding to the remaining area in the investigation area except the investigation target to fill the geological information represented by other model areas in the basic three-dimensional geological model except the initial three-dimensional geological model, and using the remote sensing image data at the investigation target to enrich the types of geological information that can be represented by the initial three-dimensional geological model).

[0045] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the investigation area can include geographical areas located in the alpine region and geographical areas with a higher investigation difficulty than a preset difficulty threshold, that is, the investigation area can be an area in which the investigators are not convenient to carry out investigation work according to the traditional manual geological investigation method. The specific geographical area range represented by the investigation area is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0046] S103, acquire the UAV photogrammetry data of the investigation area and the field observation data of the investigation target, and supplement and correct the geological model features of the plurality of local model regions in the basic three-dimensional geological model according to the UAV photogrammetry data and the field observation data, to obtain the target three-dimensional geological model of the investigation area.

[0047] It should be noted that the above local model region represents a model region in the basic three-dimensional geological model that maps a local region in the investigation area where a significant geological feature exists, wherein the local region in the investigation area where a significant geological feature exists can include the above investigation target that has been surveyed by the survey personnel, a key survey region in the investigation area that is passed through during UAV photogrammetry, and the like, and the specific number of the above local model region is not limited by the embodiments of the present application.

[0048] Here, by performing the above steps S101-S102, a three-dimensional geological model that can roughly represent the distribution of geological information in the entire investigation area (i.e., the above basic three-dimensional geological model) has been obtained, that is, since the above remote sensing image data has the characteristics of wide coverage but low data precision, only relying on superimposing the above remote sensing image data can only widen the geographical area range represented by the three-dimensional geological model, and cannot improve the model precision of the three-dimensional geological model.

[0049] Based on this, in the embodiments of the present application, considering that the above investigation target that can be surveyed by the survey personnel can acquire the field observation data with high precision obtained after the survey personnel surveys in the field (the observation scale of the human eye observation is limited to the range of several millimeters to several tens of meters, i.e., the range recognizable by the naked eye), therefore in step S103, the above field observation data can be loaded to a third specific layer (i.e., other layer different from the above first specific layer and the above second specific layer) in the three-dimensional image information processing software, and the high-precision geological data of each point in the investigation target from the above field observation data is managed through the third specific layer, so that after the above first specific layer, the above second specific layer and the above third specific layer are superimposed together, the geological model features of the plurality of local model regions (mainly the local model regions mapped at the investigation targets) in the above basic three-dimensional geological model can be supplemented and corrected based on the high-precision geological data corresponding to the above third specific layer, so as to improve the overall model precision of the above basic three-dimensional geological model.

[0050] In addition, considering that the observation scale corresponding to the remote sensing image data is generally at least in the scale range of tens of kilometers to hundreds of kilometers, resulting in a large gap between the observation scale range of the field observation data observed by the investigator with naked eyes and the remote sensing image data, that is, there is a lack of effective measurement data for geological phenomena such as rock structures observable in the scale range of hundreds of meters to tens of kilometers, in step S103, the embodiments of the present application further obtain unmanned aerial vehicle surveying data capable of filling the gap between the observation scale range by means of unmanned aerial vehicle surveying technology through collecting unmanned aerial vehicle surveying data in the survey area, load the unmanned aerial vehicle surveying data into a fourth specific layer (that is, another layer different from the first specific layer, the second specific layer, and the third specific layer) in the three-dimensional image information processing software, and manage high-precision geological data in the survey area from the unmanned aerial vehicle surveying data through the fourth specific layer, so that after superimposing the first specific layer, the second specific layer, the third specific layer, and the fourth specific layer together, the geological model features of a plurality of local model regions (mainly local model regions mapped by local survey regions surveyed by unmanned aerial vehicles) in the basic three-dimensional geological model can be supplemented and corrected based on the high-precision geological data corresponding to the fourth specific layer, so as to improve the overall model precision of the basic three-dimensional geological model, and obtain the target three-dimensional geological model corresponding to the survey area.

[0051] It should be noted that, compared with the conventional geological survey method relying on manual work, in the three-dimensional geological survey method shown in steps S101-S103 provided by the present application, the geological data of multiple layers and different scales can be mutually verified, so that the geological data is more accurate. The remote sensing image data, the unmanned aerial vehicle surveying data, and the field observation data obtained through field reconnaissance have different application advantages in geological research: satellite remote sensing images are suitable for observing large-scale geological structures, such as fault zones and topographic features; unmanned aerial vehicle surveying data is more efficient for observing local geological phenomena, and can capture more detailed geological structures and structures, such as small-scale faults and tight folds; field observation is more efficient for obtaining subtle geological phenomena; unmanned aerial vehicle surveying data can verify large-scale geological structures observed in remote sensing images, and field observation data can verify the geological interpretation of unmanned aerial vehicle surveying data. Therefore, the above three kinds of data can cooperate with each other to efficiently complete the geological structure and stratum analysis task, and provide comprehensive and detailed geological information about the survey area.

[0052] It should be noted that, compared with the two-dimensional geological data display mode shown in the previous geological map, the target three-dimensional geological model of the investigation area obtained based on the embodiment of the present application can clearly show the three-dimensional shape and spatial distribution of each geological body in the investigation area; for example, the lateral extension and pinch-out of the stratum, the conical shape of the volcanic mechanism, etc., which makes the investigators can more intuitively observe the distribution of various geological features in the investigation area from the target three-dimensional geological model, and has a live scene effect.

[0053] The steps in the above three-dimensional geological investigation method provided by the embodiment of the present application are described below respectively:

[0054] For the specific implementation of the above step S102, Figure 2 The flowchart of the processing method of the remote sensing image data provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown, and when the above step S102 is executed, the processing method includes steps S201-S204; specifically:

[0055] S201, according to the DEM data in the remote sensing image data, extracting the topographic data and information elements of the investigation area from the DEM data.

[0056] Here, after loading the remote sensing image data into the first specific layer in the three-dimensional image information processing software, the remote sensing image data can be extracted by various tools in the three-dimensional image information processing software, which facilitates the investigators to observe the geological structure phenomena with obvious characteristics in the investigation area; wherein, the information elements represent the key information related to the geological structure and lithology of the investigation area.

[0057] Specifically, the three-dimensional image information processing software mainly analyzes and extracts the DEM (Digital Elevation Model) data in the remote sensing image data to obtain the slope, topographic type and other topographic data of each point in the investigation area, and can also obtain the contour line, ground line view and other information elements. By analyzing and calculating the above topographic data and the above information elements, the three-dimensional image information processing software can determine the geological features such as folds and fractures of each point in the investigation area from the above remote sensing image data.

[0058] S202, according to the topographic data and the information elements of the remaining area in the investigation area, creating a three-dimensional geological model of the remaining area.

[0059] Here, the above remaining area represents the area in the investigation area except the above investigation target.

[0060] Specifically, by analyzing and calculating the above terrain data and the above information elements of the remaining area, the three-dimensional image information processing software can determine the geological features such as folds and fractures of each point in the remaining area from the remote sensing image data, and then based on the model coordinates of each point in the remaining area in the virtual space, the three-dimensional image information processing software can create a three-dimensional geological model of the remaining area based on the model coordinates of each point in the remaining area and the above geological features (i.e. the geological data required for creating the three-dimensional geological model of the remaining area is derived from the remote sensing image data of the remaining area).

[0061] S203, according to the terrain data and information elements of the investigation target in the investigation area, the geological model features represented by the initial three-dimensional geological model are expanded to obtain an expanded initial three-dimensional geological model.

[0062] Here, by analyzing and calculating the above terrain data and the above information elements of the investigation target, the three-dimensional image information processing software can determine the geological features such as folds and fractures of each point in the investigation target from the remote sensing image data.

[0063] After determining the geological features of each point in the investigation target from the remote sensing image data, for each position point in the investigation target, the three-dimensional image information processing software can determine whether the new geological features of the position point from the remote sensing image data are included in the existing geological features (i.e. the geological features from the geological map) at the model position point mapped by the position point in the initial three-dimensional geological model, and if not, the new geological features can be supplemented to the existing geological features at the model position point, thereby expanding the geological model features represented by the initial three-dimensional geological model based on the new data source of the geological data at the investigation target (i.e. the remote sensing image data), to obtain an expanded initial three-dimensional geological model.

[0064] S204, merging the three-dimensional geological model of the remaining area with the expanded initial three-dimensional geological model to obtain a basic three-dimensional geological model of the investigation area.

[0065] Here, according to the model coordinates corresponding to each point in the remaining area and each point in the investigation target in the virtual space, the three-dimensional geological model of the remaining area and the expanded initial three-dimensional geological model can be merged according to the adjacent relationship between the model coordinates to obtain a basic three-dimensional geological model of the investigation area (i.e. a three-dimensional geological model that can represent the entire investigation area).

[0066] Specifically, in the underlying technical implementation, the merging process of the two three-dimensional geological models in step S204 is the same as the process of superimposing the initial three-dimensional geological model in the first specific layer and the remote sensing image data corresponding to the second specific layer together in step S102 described above, and the repeated parts will not be described here.

[0067] For the specific implementation of step S103, Figure 3 A flowchart of a method for obtaining unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry data provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. When step S103 is executed, the method includes steps S301-S304; specifically:

[0068] S301, control the unmanned aerial vehicle to perform multi-angle photogrammetry on the survey area at a relative flight height higher than a preset height, to obtain multi-view photogrammetry data of the survey area.

[0069] Here, when performing unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry on the survey area, the photogrammetry route and flight strategy of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be planned according to the outcrop situation in the survey area, wherein a flight mode of three times of superposition can be used in the flight process of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0070] Specifically, in the first flight process for the survey area, the unmanned aerial vehicle can be controlled to perform multi-angle photogrammetry on the survey area at a relative flight height higher than a preset height (such as a relative flight height higher than 120 meters above the ground of the survey area), to obtain multi-view photogrammetry data of the survey area; wherein the image accuracy can be better than 2 cm / pixel.

[0071] For example, in the first flight, the flight route planning of the unmanned aerial vehicle can use a grid route, and the unmanned aerial vehicle can be controlled to perform multi-angle aerial photography (i.e., photogrammetry) on the survey area at a flight height greater than 120 meters and an overlap rate of at least 75% front and back and an overlap rate of 60% side, to obtain multi-view photogrammetry data with a resolution better than 2 cm / pixel; wherein the multi-view photogrammetry data obtained in the first flight is mainly used to construct the basic framework of the three-dimensional geological model, that is, after the basic three-dimensional geological model of the survey area has been constructed based on the geological map and the remote sensing image data, the three-dimensional geological model constructed based on the multi-view photogrammetry data obtained in the first flight can be merged with the above-mentioned basic three-dimensional geological model, so that compared with the basic three-dimensional geological model before merging, the three-dimensional geological model after merging can include the geological features of the same position point at more different data collection angles.

[0072] S302, control the unmanned aerial vehicle to perform local fine photogrammetry on the target rock outcrop in the survey area in a ground-following flight manner at a relative flight height within a preset flight height interval, to obtain first local fine photogrammetry data of the survey area.

[0073] Here, the target rock outcrop can be a rock outcrop with a good outcrop condition in the investigation area, and the target rock outcrop can specifically represent a rock outcrop with an outcrop condition meeting a preset screening condition (equivalent to a specific screening condition configured for a good outcrop condition) in the investigation area. The preset screening condition can specifically be that the rock outcrop is a stratigraphic outcrop of lithology and structure information and is covered by soil or vegetation with a coverage rate less than 10%.

[0074] Specifically, in the second flight process for the investigation area, the UAV can be controlled to fly in a manner close to the ground at a relative flight height in a preset flight height range (for example, the relative flight height between the UAV and the ground of the investigation area can be in a flight height range of 25-80 meters) to locally and finely survey the target rock outcrop with a good outcrop condition in the investigation area, to obtain first local and fine survey data of the investigation area, and the image accuracy can be better than 1 cm / pixel.

[0075] By way of example, in the second flight, the UAV can be controlled to fly in a manner close to the ground at a flight height in a range of 25-80 meters, and the UAV can be controlled to locally and finely survey the target rock outcrop with a good outcrop condition in the investigation area with a front-to-back overlap ratio of 80% and a side overlap ratio of 60%, to obtain first local and fine survey data of the target rock outcrop with a resolution better than 1 cm / pixel. The first local and fine survey data can be mainly used to finely depict the geological phenomenon (i.e., the target rock outcrop) with a good outcrop condition in the investigation area based on the three-dimensional geological model framework constructed based on the first flight.

[0076] It should be noted that the specific number and position of the target rock outcrop need to be determined according to the actual distribution of the rock outcrop in the investigation area, and the embodiments of the present application do not make any limitation thereto.

[0077] S303, the UAV is controlled to fly around the typical geological phenomenon in the investigation area at a preset relative distance to obtain second local and fine survey data of the investigation area.

[0078] Here, the typical geological phenomenon represents a geological structure or lithology with regional representation in the investigation area or a combination thereof.

[0079] Specifically, in the third flight process for the investigation area, the unmanned aerial vehicle can be controlled to adopt the surrounding aerial survey for the typical geological phenomena (i.e., the aerial survey is performed around the typical geological phenomena in the investigation area), the relative distance between the unmanned aerial vehicle and the typical geological phenomena can be 1-10 meters (i.e., the preset relative distance can be 1-10 meters), and the surrounding flight path is established around the typical geological phenomena (e.g., some key geological outcrops), and the image accuracy can be better than <0.5 cm / pixel.

[0080] For example, in the third flight process, the surrounding aerial survey flight mode can be adopted, the unmanned aerial vehicle can be controlled to mainly perform the close-range surrounding flight for the special typical geological phenomena in the investigation area (the relative distance can be 1-10 meters, and the image data is collected every 15° rotation in the surrounding process), and the high-precision image data (the image accuracy is better than 0.5 cm / pixel) of the region where the typical geological phenomena are located is obtained as the second local fine aerial survey data; wherein the second local fine aerial survey data is mainly used to finely depict the typical details of the geological phenomena, and through the method shown in steps S301-S303, the unmanned aerial vehicle is controlled to perform the three times of superimposed flight, and different aerial survey data collected in the three flight processes can be used to gradually realize the construction of the three-dimensional geological model with different levels and observation scales, so that the model details of the basic three-dimensional geological model can be enriched after the basic three-dimensional geological model of the investigation area is constructed based on the geological map and the remote sensing image data.

[0081] It should be noted that the specific number and specific position of the typical geological phenomena need to be determined according to the actual distribution of the geological phenomena in the investigation area, and the embodiments of the present application do not make any limitation on this.

[0082] S304, the multi-view aerial survey data, the first local fine aerial survey data, and the second local fine aerial survey data are obtained as the unmanned aerial survey data of the investigation area.

[0083] In the embodiments of the present application, through the above three flight processes, the multi-view aerial survey data, the first local fine aerial survey data, and the second local fine aerial survey data obtained can be used as the unmanned aerial survey data of the investigation area.

[0084] Specifically, after the unmanned aerial survey data is obtained, as an optional embodiment, the obtained unmanned aerial survey data can be directly loaded into the three-dimensional image information processing software.

[0085] Specifically, as another optional embodiment, the obtained unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry data can also be preprocessed, and the preprocessed data result is loaded into the three-dimensional image information processing software, wherein the preprocessing process includes: a three-dimensional geological image modeling software can be used to extract a plurality of image feature points containing geological features from each frame of photogrammetry image in the unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry data, classify the image feature points according to the matching position coordinates of each image feature point in the survey area, superimpose a plurality of image feature points belonging to the same position coordinates together to form point cloud data, and construct a three-dimensional geological outcrop image of the survey area using the point cloud data. The three-dimensional geological outcrop image constructed based on the unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry data is loaded into the three-dimensional image information processing software.

[0086] For the specific implementation of the above step S103, Figure 4 A flowchart of a method for supplementing and correcting a basic three-dimensional geological model using unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry data provided by the embodiment of the application is shown. When the above step S103 is executed, the method includes steps S401-S403; specifically:

[0087] S401, according to the multi-view photogrammetry data, obtaining the geological features of the survey area under a plurality of other view angles, and supplementing the geological features under the plurality of other view angles in the basic three-dimensional geological model.

[0088] Here, the above other view angles are different from the view angle of the remote sensing image data collected in the above step S102; that is, based on the unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry method, the above multi-view photogrammetry data under a plurality of other view angles different from the view angle of the remote sensing image data can be used to supplement the geological features under the other view angles which are missing at the model position points of the survey area in the basic three-dimensional geological model.

[0089] S404, according to the first local fine photogrammetry data, supplementing and correcting the geological model features of the first local model area in the basic three-dimensional geological model.

[0090] Here, the above first local model area represents a local model area of the target rock outcrop mapped in the above basic three-dimensional geological model.

[0091] Specifically, after determining the geological features of each point in the target rock outcrop from the first local fine aerial survey data, for each position point in the target rock outcrop, the three-dimensional image information processing software can determine whether the new geological feature of the position point from the first local fine aerial survey data is included in the existing geological model feature in the first local model region according to the corresponding existing geological model feature of the position point in the first local model region (i.e. the geological feature from the remote sensing image data). If it is not included in the existing geological model feature, the new geological feature can be supplemented in the existing geological model feature of the first local model region; if it is already included in the existing geological model feature, the inconsistent places of the same geological model feature in the remote sensing image data and the first local fine aerial survey data can be corrected (modified into a form matching the first local fine aerial survey data) to improve the model precision of the first local model region in the basic three-dimensional geological model.

[0092] S403, according to the second local fine aerial survey data, supplement and correct the geological model features of the second local model region in the basic three-dimensional geological model.

[0093] Here, the second local model region represents the local model region in the basic three-dimensional geological model that maps the typical geological phenomenon.

[0094] Specifically, after determining the geological features of each point in the target rock outcrop from the first local fine aerial survey data, for each position point in the target rock outcrop, the three-dimensional image information processing software can determine whether the new geological feature of the position point from the first local fine aerial survey data is included in the existing geological model feature in the first local model region according to the corresponding existing geological model feature of the position point in the first local model region (i.e. the geological feature from the remote sensing image data). If it is not included in the existing geological model feature, the new geological feature can be supplemented in the existing geological model feature of the first local model region; if it is already included in the existing geological model feature, the inconsistent places of the same geological model feature in the remote sensing image data and the first local fine aerial survey data can be corrected (modified into a form matching the first local fine aerial survey data) to improve the model precision of the first local model region in the basic three-dimensional geological model.

[0095] In the embodiments of the present application, for the method described in S401-S403, when the fourth specific layer corresponding to the unmanned aerial vehicle survey data is superimposed with the second specific layer corresponding to the remote sensing image data and the first specific layer corresponding to the geological map in the three-dimensional image information processing software, the spatial analysis tool (such as buffer analysis, line cluster analysis, etc.) in the software can be used to extract the geological features such as faults, folds and boundaries of each point in the investigation area from the unmanned aerial vehicle survey data (i.e. the multi-view aerial survey data, the first local fine aerial survey data and the second local fine aerial survey data), and then the different types of geological features are processed by symbolic geological data, and appropriate symbols and colors are used to identify different types of geological features. Finally, the geometry data (i.e. the essence of identifying different types of geological features such as faults, folds and boundaries is to use point, line and surface geometry division method to identify the specific features on the basis of three-dimensional geological model) used to identify different types of geological features such as colors are integrated with other geographic information data (such as the distribution information of rivers, lakes, roads and residential areas in the investigation area) that may be contained in the unmanned aerial vehicle survey data, and the visualization images such as maps, scenes or cross-sections are created in the fourth specific layer corresponding to the unmanned aerial vehicle survey data (equivalent to after superimposing a plurality of different specific layers in the three-dimensional image information processing software, the final target three-dimensional geological model after superimposition can be displayed), so that the spatial distribution and geometric features of the geological structure can be more intuitively displayed on the finally obtained target three-dimensional geological model.

[0096] An exemplary illustration is taken as an investigation area located in an alpine region, Figure 5a A model structure diagram of a three-dimensional geological model without using geometric data for labeling is shown as Figure 5a As shown in the three-dimensional image information processing software, the investigator can intuitively see the overall topographic distribution in the investigation area; Figure 5b A model structure diagram of a three-dimensional geological model using geometric data for labeling is shown as Figure 5b As shown in the three-dimensional geological model, Figure 5a In the three-dimensional geological model shown in Figure 5b In the three-dimensional geological model shown in, different colored lines and corresponding character symbols are also used to identify the specific distribution of different strata in the investigation area (in turn, Qiaomuo Group-Buqu Group-Xiali Group-Suo Group-Xiali Group-Buqu Group-Qiaomuo Group).

[0097] According to the specific implementation of the step S103, the field observation data of the investigation target can be obtained from field work records obtained through field reconnaissance of the investigation target, wherein the field observation data comprises coordinate position information, stratum occurrence, fault occurrence, and geological boundary of the investigation target.

[0098] In the embodiments of the present application, according to the field observation data, the geological model features of the plurality of local model regions in the basic three-dimensional geological model can be supplemented and corrected in the manner shown in steps a1-a4, and specifically:

[0099] Step a1, a plurality of geological features measured at the investigation target are obtained from the field observation data.

[0100] Specifically, the survey personnel will observe the morphology, color, texture and other characteristics of the surface and rock to determine the lithology composition; the occurrence is obtained by using a compass; the structural features such as fractures, folds and cracks are judged and identified according to the geological profile at the investigation target, and the position, direction, extension and other information are recorded. The survey personnel can obtain geological boundary, sedimentary group boundary and other information by observing the structure and structure of the rock, the sedimentary environment index in the rock, observing the contact and contrast features between different strata through stratum correlation. The present application does not make any limitation on the specific field observation data obtained by the survey personnel and the specific geological features measured at the investigation target.

[0101] Step a2, for each geological feature measured, a target local model region corresponding to a target position of the geological feature measured at the investigation target is determined from the basic three-dimensional geological model according to the target position.

[0102] Here, according to the target position of the geological feature measured at the investigation target, the three-dimensional image information processing software can obtain the model coordinates of the target position in the virtual space through coordinate conversion according to the mapping relationship between the real geographic coordinate system and the model coordinate system in the virtual space, and then determine the target local model region in the basic three-dimensional geological model corresponding to the target position.

[0103] Step a3, if the target local model region lacks a model representation of the geological feature, the geological model feature corresponding to the geological feature is supplemented in the target local model region.

[0104] Specifically, the existing geological features in the target local model area come from the aforementioned remote sensing image data, geological maps, and UAV aerial survey data. Since the aforementioned field observation data and the aforementioned various data belong to different data sources, if the target local model area lacks geological model features from the aforementioned field observation data (i.e., lacks a model representation of such geological features), the currently missing geological model features (i.e., the geological model features corresponding to such geological features) can be supplemented in the target local model area.

[0105] Step a4: If a model representation of such geological feature exists in the target local model region, then the geological model feature originally corresponding to such geological feature in the target local model region is corrected based on the measured geological feature.

[0106] Specifically, the existing geological features in the target local model area come from the aforementioned remote sensing image data, geological maps, and UAV aerial survey data. Since the above-mentioned field observation data is more accurate data from close-range observation, if the target local model area has the same geological model features from the above-mentioned field observation data (i.e., there is a model representation of such geological features), then the geological features from the above-mentioned field observation data can be used as the standard (i.e., based on the measured geological features) to correct the inconsistencies between the existing geological model features in the target local model area (the geological model features that originally corresponded to such geological features in the target local model area) and the geological features in the above-mentioned field observation data, so as to improve the model accuracy of the final target three-dimensional geological model.

[0107] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a three-dimensional geological survey device corresponding to the above-mentioned three-dimensional geological survey method. Since the principle of solving the problem by the three-dimensional geological survey device in the embodiments of this application is similar to that of the above-mentioned three-dimensional geological survey method in the embodiments of this application, the implementation of the three-dimensional geological survey device can refer to the implementation of the above-mentioned three-dimensional geological survey method, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0108] Reference Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional geological survey device provided in an embodiment of this application is shown, wherein the three-dimensional geological survey device includes:

[0109] Module 601 is used to create an initial three-dimensional geological model of the target area based on the geological map of the target area.

[0110] The expansion module 602 is used to collect remote sensing image data of the survey area where the survey target is located, and expand the geographical area represented by the initial three-dimensional geological model according to the remote sensing image data to obtain the basic three-dimensional geological model of the survey area.

[0111] The detail adjustment module 603 is configured to acquire the UAV photogrammetry data of the investigation area and the field observation data of the investigation target, and supplement and correct the geological model features of a plurality of local model regions in the basic three-dimensional geological model according to the UAV photogrammetry data and the field observation data, to obtain the target three-dimensional geological model of the investigation area; wherein the local model region represents a model region of a local region with a significant geological feature in the investigation area in the basic three-dimensional geological model.

[0112] In an optional implementation, when the basic three-dimensional geological model of the investigation area is obtained by expanding the geographical region range represented by the initial three-dimensional geological model according to the remote sensing image data, the expansion module 602 is configured to:

[0113] extracting terrain data and information elements of the investigation area from the DEM data according to the DEM data in the remote sensing image data; wherein the information elements represent key information related to the geological structure and lithology of the investigation area;

[0114] creating a three-dimensional geological model of a remaining region of the investigation area according to the terrain data and the information elements of the remaining region; wherein the remaining region represents a region of the investigation area other than the investigation target;

[0115] expanding the geological model features represented by the initial three-dimensional geological model according to the terrain data and the information elements of the investigation target in the investigation area, to obtain an expanded initial three-dimensional geological model;

[0116] merging the three-dimensional geological model of the remaining region and the expanded initial three-dimensional geological model to obtain the basic three-dimensional geological model of the investigation area.

[0117] In an optional implementation, the detail adjustment module 603 is configured to acquire the UAV photogrammetry data of the investigation area by the following method:

[0118] controlling the UAV to perform multi-angle photogrammetry on the investigation area at a relative flight height higher than a preset height, to obtain multi-view photogrammetry data of the investigation area;

[0119] controlling the UAV to perform local fine photogrammetry on a target rock outcrop in the investigation area in a ground-hugging manner at a relative flight height in a preset flight height interval, to obtain first local fine photogrammetry data of the investigation area; wherein the target rock outcrop represents a rock outcrop in the investigation area that meets a preset screening condition in terms of exposure;

[0120] The unmanned aerial vehicle is controlled to fly around the typical geological phenomenon in the investigation area according to a preset relative distance, so as to obtain second local fine aerial survey data of the investigation area; wherein, the typical geological phenomenon represents a geological structure or lithology and a combination thereof in the investigation area.

[0121] The multi-view aerial survey data, the first local fine aerial survey data and the second local fine aerial survey data are acquired as unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey data of the investigation area.

[0122] In an optional embodiment, according to the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey data, the detail adjustment module 603 is configured to supplement and correct geological model features of a plurality of local model regions in the basic three-dimensional geological model by the following method:

[0123] According to the multi-view aerial survey data, geological features of the investigation area under a plurality of other views are acquired, and the geological features under the plurality of other views are supplemented in the basic three-dimensional geological model; wherein, the other views are different from the acquisition view of the remote sensing image data.

[0124] According to the first local fine aerial survey data, geological model features of a first local model region in the basic three-dimensional geological model are supplemented and corrected; wherein, the first local model region represents a local model region mapped by the target rock outcrop in the basic three-dimensional geological model.

[0125] According to the second local fine aerial survey data, geological model features of a second local model region in the basic three-dimensional geological model are supplemented and corrected; wherein, the second local model region represents a local model region mapped by the typical geological phenomenon in the basic three-dimensional geological model.

[0126] In an optional embodiment, the detail adjustment module 603 is configured to acquire the field observation data of the investigation target by the following method:

[0127] The field observation data of the investigation target are acquired from field work records obtained by field reconnaissance of the investigation target; wherein, the field observation data include coordinate position information, stratum occurrence, fault occurrence, geological boundary of the investigation target.

[0128] In an optional embodiment, according to the field observation data, the detail adjustment module 603 is configured to supplement and correct geological model features of a plurality of local model regions in the basic three-dimensional geological model by the following method:

[0129] A plurality of geological features measured at the investigation target are acquired from the field observation data.

[0130] For each kind of geological feature actually measured, a target local model region corresponding to a target position of the investigation target is determined from the basic three-dimensional geological model according to the target position of the investigation target corresponding to the kind of geological feature actually measured;

[0131] If the target local model region lacks a model representation of the kind of geological feature, a geological model feature corresponding to the kind of geological feature is supplemented in the target local model region;

[0132] If the target local model region has a model representation of the kind of geological feature, a geological model feature originally corresponding to the kind of geological feature in the target local model region is corrected according to the kind of geological feature actually measured.

[0133] In an optional implementation, the investigation region includes a geographic region located in an alpine region and a geographic region having a field investigation difficulty higher than a preset difficulty threshold.

[0134] As shown in Figure 7 The embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device 700 for executing the three-dimensional geological investigation method in the present application, the device includes a memory 701, a processor 702 and a computer program stored in the memory 701 and executable on the processor 702, wherein the memory 701 and the processor 702 are connected by a bus, and the processor 702 executes the computer program to realize the steps of the three-dimensional geological investigation method.

[0135] Specifically, the memory 701 and the processor 702 can be general memory and processor, which are not limited here, and when the processor 702 runs the computer program stored in the memory 701, the three-dimensional geological investigation method can be executed.

[0136] Corresponding to the three-dimensional geological investigation method in the present application, the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, and the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is run by a processor to execute the steps of the three-dimensional geological investigation method.

[0137] Specifically, the storage medium can be a general storage medium, such as a mobile disk, a hard disk, etc., and the computer program on the storage medium can be executed to execute the three-dimensional geological investigation method when the computer program is run.

[0138] In the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system and method can be implemented in other manners. The embodiments described above are merely exemplary, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there can be another division manner in actual implementation; for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections can be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, and electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0139] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units can or can not be physical units, i.e., can be located in one place, or can be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purposes of the embodiments.

[0140] In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit.

[0141] If the functions are implemented in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application essentially or the parts that make contributions to the prior art or parts of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various other media that can store program codes.

[0142] It should be noted that: similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings represent similar items, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are used only to distinguish descriptions, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0143] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present application, and are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit the same. The protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any person skilled in the art can make modifications or easily think of changes to the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacements to some of the technical features within the technical scope disclosed by the present application. The modifications, changes or replacements do not make the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application. All should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of three-dimensional geological investigation, characterized by, The three-dimensional geological survey method comprises: According to a geological map of the survey target, an initial three-dimensional geological model of the survey target is created; wherein the geological map is a projection and symbolic representation of geological data of the survey target on a two-dimensional plane; in a three-dimensional image information processing software, the geological map is loaded into a first layer, and for real geographical coordinates and geological data of each point of the survey target contained in the geological map, model coordinates of each point of the survey target in a virtual space are obtained through coordinate conversion according to a mapping relationship between a real geographical coordinate system and a model coordinate system in the virtual space, and the initial three-dimensional geological model is created based on the model coordinates and the geological data of each point of the survey target; Remote sensing image data of a survey region where the survey target is located is collected, and a basic three-dimensional geological model of the survey region is obtained by widening a geographical region range represented by the initial three-dimensional geological model according to the remote sensing image data; wherein in the three-dimensional image information processing software, the remote sensing image data is loaded into a second layer, and the initial three-dimensional geological model in the first layer and the remote sensing image data corresponding to the second layer are superimposed together to obtain the basic three-dimensional geological model based on the model coordinates of each point of the survey target and the remote sensing image data; Unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey data of the survey region and field observation data of the survey target are obtained, and geological model features of a plurality of local model regions in the basic three-dimensional geological model are supplemented and corrected according to the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey data and the field observation data to obtain a target three-dimensional geological model of the survey region; wherein the local model region represents a model region of a local region with significant geological features in the survey region in the basic three-dimensional geological model; wherein in the three-dimensional image information processing software, the field observation data is loaded into a third layer, and after the first layer, the second layer and the third layer are superimposed together, the geological model features of a plurality of local model regions mapped by the survey target in the basic three-dimensional geological model are supplemented and corrected based on high-precision geological data of each point in the survey target from the field observation data in the third layer; the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey data is loaded into a fourth layer, and after the first layer, the second layer, the third layer and the fourth layer are superimposed together, the geological model features of a plurality of local model regions mapped by a local survey region surveyed by an unmanned aerial vehicle in the basic three-dimensional geological model are supplemented and corrected based on high-precision geological data of the survey region from the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey data in the fourth layer; The unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey data of the survey region is obtained by the following method: The unmanned aerial vehicle is controlled to perform multi-angle aerial survey on the survey region at a relative flight height higher than a preset height to obtain multi-view aerial survey data of the survey region; The unmanned aerial vehicle is controlled to fly in a manner of ground simulation at a relative flight height in a preset flight height interval to perform local fine aerial survey on a target rock outcrop in the investigation area, so as to obtain first local fine aerial survey data of the investigation area; wherein the target rock outcrop represents a rock outcrop in the investigation area that meets a preset screening condition in terms of outcrop; The unmanned aerial vehicle is controlled to fly around a typical geological phenomenon in the investigation area at a preset relative distance to perform aerial survey, so as to obtain second local fine aerial survey data of the investigation area; wherein the typical geological phenomenon represents a geological structure or lithology that is representative of the investigation area or a combination thereof; The multi-view aerial survey data, the first local fine aerial survey data and the second local fine aerial survey data are obtained as unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey data of the investigation area; According to the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey data, the geological model features of the plurality of local model regions in the basic three-dimensional geological model are supplemented and corrected by the following method: According to the multi-view aerial survey data, the geological features of the investigation area under a plurality of other views are obtained, and the geological features under the plurality of other views are supplemented in the basic three-dimensional geological model; wherein the other views are different from the acquisition view of the remote sensing image data; According to the first local fine aerial survey data, the geological model features of a first local model region in the basic three-dimensional geological model are supplemented and corrected; wherein the first local model region represents a local model region in the basic three-dimensional geological model that is mapped from the target rock outcrop; According to the second local fine aerial survey data, the geological model features of a second local model region in the basic three-dimensional geological model are supplemented and corrected; wherein the second local model region represents a local model region in the basic three-dimensional geological model that is mapped from the typical geological phenomenon.

2. The three-dimensional geological investigation method according to claim 1, characterized by, The method of widening the geographical area range represented by the initial three-dimensional geological model according to the remote sensing image data to obtain the basic three-dimensional geological model of the investigation area comprises: According to the DEM data in the remote sensing image data, topographic data and information elements of the investigation area are extracted from the DEM data; wherein the information elements represent key information related to geological structures and lithology of the investigation area; According to the topographic data and the information elements of the remaining region in the investigation area, a three-dimensional geological model of the remaining region is created; wherein the remaining region represents a region in the investigation area other than the investigation target; According to the topographic data and the information elements of the investigation target in the investigation area, the geological model features represented by the initial three-dimensional geological model are expanded to obtain an expanded initial three-dimensional geological model; The three-dimensional geological model of the remaining region and the expanded initial three-dimensional geological model are merged to obtain the basic three-dimensional geological model of the investigation area.

3. The three-dimensional geological investigation method according to claim 1, characterized by, The field observation data of the investigation target is obtained by the following method: The field observation data of the survey target is obtained from field survey records obtained by field surveying the survey target; wherein the field observation data includes coordinate position information, stratum occurrence, fault occurrence, and geological boundary of the survey target.

4. The three-dimensional geological investigation method according to claim 3, characterized by, According to the field observation data, the geological model features of the plurality of local model regions in the basic three-dimensional geological model are supplemented and corrected by the following method: From the field observation data, a plurality of geological features measured at the survey target are obtained; For each measured geological feature, a target local model region corresponding to a target position of the measured geological feature at the survey target is determined from the basic three-dimensional geological model; If the target local model region lacks a model representation of the geological feature, the geological model feature corresponding to the geological feature is supplemented in the target local model region; If the target local model region has a model representation of the geological feature, the original geological model feature corresponding to the geological feature in the target local model region is corrected according to the measured geological feature.

5. The three-dimensional geological investigation method according to claim 1, characterized by, The survey area includes geographical areas located in high-cold regions and geographical areas with a field survey difficulty higher than a preset difficulty threshold.

6. A three-dimensional geological surveying apparatus characterized by comprising: The three-dimensional geological survey device comprises: A creation module is configured to create an initial three-dimensional geological model of the survey target according to a geological map at the survey target; wherein the geological map is a projection and symbolic representation of geological data at the survey target on a two-dimensional plane; in a three-dimensional image information processing software, the geological map is loaded into a first layer, and for the real geographic coordinates and geological data of each point at the survey target included in the geological map, model coordinates of each point at the survey target in a virtual space are obtained through coordinate conversion according to a mapping relationship between a real geographic coordinate system and a model coordinate system in the virtual space, and the initial three-dimensional geological model is created based on the model coordinates and geological data of each point at the survey target; An expansion module is configured to collect remote sensing image data in a survey area where the survey target is located, and to expand a geographical area range represented by the initial three-dimensional geological model according to the remote sensing image data to obtain a basic three-dimensional geological model of the survey area; wherein in the three-dimensional image information processing software, the remote sensing image data is loaded into a second layer, and the initial three-dimensional geological model in the first layer and the remote sensing image data corresponding to the second layer are superimposed together based on the model coordinates of each point at the survey target and the remote sensing image data to obtain the basic three-dimensional geological model. The detail adjustment module is configured to acquire the UAV photogrammetry data of the investigation area and the field observation data of the investigation target, and supplement and correct the geological model features of a plurality of local model regions in the basic three-dimensional geological model according to the UAV photogrammetry data and the field observation data, to obtain a target three-dimensional geological model of the investigation area; wherein the local model region represents a model region of a local region with a significant geological feature in the investigation area in the basic three-dimensional geological model; wherein in the three-dimensional image information processing software, the field observation data is loaded into a third layer, and after the first layer, the second layer and the third layer are superimposed together, the geological model features of a plurality of local model regions mapped in the basic three-dimensional geological model at the investigation target are supplemented and corrected based on the high-precision geological data of each point in the investigation target in the third layer corresponding to the field observation data; the UAV photogrammetry data is loaded into a fourth layer, and after the first layer, the second layer, the third layer and the fourth layer are superimposed together, the geological model features of a plurality of local model regions mapped in the basic three-dimensional geological model in the local investigation region surveyed by the UAV are supplemented and corrected based on the high-precision geological data of the investigation region in the fourth layer corresponding to the UAV photogrammetry data; The detail adjustment module is configured to acquire the UAV photogrammetry data of the investigation area by the following method: controlling the UAV to perform multi-angle photogrammetry on the investigation area at a relative flight height higher than a preset height, to obtain multi-view photogrammetry data of the investigation area; controlling the UAV to perform local fine photogrammetry on a target rock outcrop in the investigation area in a ground-following manner at a relative flight height in a preset flight height interval, to obtain first local fine photogrammetry data of the investigation area; wherein the target rock outcrop represents a rock outcrop in the investigation area that meets a preset screening condition in terms of exposure; controlling the UAV to perform photogrammetry around a typical geological phenomenon in the investigation area at a preset relative distance, to obtain second local fine photogrammetry data of the investigation area; wherein the typical geological phenomenon represents a geological structure or lithology with regional representation or a combination thereof in the investigation area; acquiring the multi-view photogrammetry data, the first local fine photogrammetry data and the second local fine photogrammetry data as the UAV photogrammetry data of the investigation area; The detail adjustment module is configured to supplement and correct the geological model features of a plurality of local model regions in the basic three-dimensional geological model according to the UAV photogrammetry data by the following method: According to the multi-view photogrammetry data, the geological features of the investigation area under a plurality of other views are acquired, and the geological features under the plurality of other views are supplemented in the basic three-dimensional geological model; wherein the other views are different from the collection view of the remote sensing image data. According to the first local fine aerial survey data, geological model features of a first local model region in the basic three-dimensional geological model are supplemented and corrected; wherein the first local model region represents a local model region in which the target rock outcrop is mapped in the basic three-dimensional geological model; According to the second local fine aerial survey data, geological model features of a second local model region in the basic three-dimensional geological model are supplemented and corrected; wherein the second local model region represents a local model region in which the typical geological phenomenon is mapped in the basic three-dimensional geological model.

7. An electronic device, comprising: Comprise: A processor, a memory and a bus, the memory stores machine readable instructions executable by the processor, when the electronic device is running, the processor and the memory communicate through the bus, the machine readable instructions are executed by the processor to execute the steps of the three-dimensional geological investigation method in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, the computer program is executed by the processor to execute the steps of the three-dimensional geological investigation method in any one of claims 1 to 5.

Images